US2169371A - Syringe - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 15, 1939 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE Application September Claims.

My invention relates to syringes.

It provides for the ready attachment and detachment of fiuid-conveying devices, such as hypodermic needles for example.

The accompanying drawing illustrates a preferred form of my invention: Fig. 1 is an elevation of a syringe with a hypodermic needle attached thereto. Fig. 2 is an elevaticn, partly in section, of one end of the syringe of Fig. l with the needle detached and at one side in position to be moved onto the syringe nozzle. Fig. 3 is a plan View of the nozzle end of the syringe. Fig. i shows the various parts constituting the nozzle portion of the device iliustrated, ready for assembly.

In the device shown the barrel i and plunger 2 of the syringe are of a well-known form as will be recognized. In the present instance the nozzle of the syringe is made separate from and later at tached to the barrel, but this is not an essential feature of my invention; the end of the barrel i illustrated is somewhat contracted and is set into a recess in cne end of the nozzle member 3 (Fig. 2), and may be permanently fixed in the recess in some conventional manner. The rozzle member 3 is provided with a passage for the fiuid, and the end of the nozzle opposite the recess mentioned is somewhat tapered externally in the region 5 (Fig. 4:). The hypodermic needle illustrated is of a substartially conventional form. Its base member 6 provided interiorly with a recess tapered similarly to the tapering at 5 on the nozzle member 3-, that the nczzle may fit well into the needle and form a sufiiciently tight joint between the two, and adjacent its end the needle base G is provided with one or more radially-extendirg looking projections T, or a single cireular fiange may be employed. A shoulder faeing the syringe barrel, or a second fiange or set of projections 8, extending radially outwardly, is or are provided also, preferably, for a purpose hereirafter indicated; this or these may consst of the circular fiange attered at two sides that is now found on some hypodermic needles.

A sleeve i is placed outside the nozzle member 3 to hold the needle to the nczzle. The sleeve and nozzle member are connected by screw threads as it were to provide for movement of the sleeve lengthwise of the nozzle to lock and release the needle. To this end preferably, according to my invention, one of these two members is provided with a spiral groove and the other with a projection extending into the groove but extending only a short distance lengthwise of the groove; 55 generally speaking, this permits the nozzle mem- 1, 1936, Serial No. 98,839

ber to be shorter than would be possible if both members were provided with screw threads completely encircling the respective members one or more times. Preferably this groove and projection are provided by cutting a spiral groove i in the outer surface of the nozzle member 3 and piercing the sleeve H with a radial hole 52 in which is inserted a pin !3 to ride in the thread grcove ill. At the end of the sleeve ll remote from the barrel i of the syringe` a lcngitudinal projection M carries at its outer end an inturned fiange or radial lip !5 forming a shoulder iacing the barrel of the syringe to engage the looking projectior or projections 'i of the needle. This longitudinal projection M and lip !5 extend only part way around the longitudinal centerline of the nozzle member 3, leaving a space at cne side through which the needle base t can be inserted as it were, with a projection 'i beneath the lip (Fig. 2) that is to say, for example, the pi'ojection M and lip !5 may extend half way around. this centerline or a little more, as is shown mest clearly in Fig. 3. The sleeve i i may be knurled as at !5 or otherwise formed so that it can be turned readily on the nozzle member pin !3 in its hole 42 and the thread groove preferably an outer sleeve il' is forced down over 'the sleeve !i with a driving fit. such Construction is relatively inexpensive and readily made as well as well suited for the purposes.

The threading between the sleeve !i and the nozzle member 3 is stopped its end P jaceht the taper 5. This prevents the looking sleeve being removed from the nozzle inadvertently this end the groove !t is filled up, as it were, at 28, so that the turning of the looking sleeve H in a direction to move it oi the nozzle member 3 is stopped by the pin !3 striking this filled-up end of the groove; this filling up of the end of the groove can besecured by discontinuing the cutting of the groove at the point 29. Lohgitudhal movement of the sleeve in the oppos te direction can be limited and stopped in a like marrer, or by arranging for the end 2! of the sleeve to into engagement with, say, the shoulder ::in the nozzle member while the pin is still within the thread groove ti?. The looking sleeve therefore is at all times kept in threaded connection with the nozzle member so that its sole movements in use are rotation around the nozZle member and consequent straight line movement lengthwise of the nozzle member. To permt the needle to be placed on the nozzle under these conditions, the shoulder !5 is placed so far from, say, the pin !3 that without the screw-thread ele- To eonfine the III ments of the sleeve and nozzle member passing out of oo-operating th'readed relation, this shoulder can be brought to a position sufiiciently far beyond the end of the nozzle to permit the needle to be seated on the nozzle and its looking projeotion 'l passed beneath the shoulder by a sidewise movement as is shown in Fig. 2. This Fig. 2 shows the position of the sleeve when the pin l3 is substantially engaged with the filling at 20. The length of the thread groove lO as measured from 20 is at least such that the lip !5 can draw the needle base onto the nozzle end with the desired tightness. Suoh an arrangement permits the user to attach and detaoh a needle or other fiuid-conveying device both readily and easily.

In use the looking sleeve l i is rotated until, say, its rotation is stopped at the groove end or filling 20. The needle base 6 is then passed into the sleeve with a more or less sidewise movement, say from its position in Flg. 2, thus placing the looking projection l (or one of them) beneath the lip l; the base may then be pressed onto the nozzle end but this is not altogether necessary. The looking sleeve ll is then rotated to draw the lip 5 against the projeotion or projections l and therethrough draw the needle base into tight engagement with the nozzle end, and hold it there. Rotation of the looking sleeve Il in the opposite direction releases the needle. If the needle does not free itself of the nozzle, continued rotation of the sleeve forces the looking lip i against the needle projeotion or projections :l and therethrough lifts the needle base from the nozzle. When the sleeve again reaches its position in Fig. 2, the needle can be removed by sidewise movement of course.

It will be unde'stood that my invention is not limited to the details of construotion and operation heroin described and illustrated except as appears hereafter in the olaims.

I claim:

l. In a syringe, means to attach thereto a fluidconveying device chanbered to receive a nozzle and having a looking projection, said means comprising a nozzle to enter such chamber to support the fluid-conveying device and a sleeve outside said nozzle having a shoulder to engage the looking projection of the fluid-conveying device to hold the latter to the nozzle, said nozzle and sleeve being screw-threaded one to the other for adjustment of the sleeve lengthwise of the nozzle, and the length of the sleeve including the screwthread element thereof being greater than the distance from the discharge end ol the nozzle to the screw-thread element of the nozzle so that the sleeve can be adjusted, with the screw-thread elements in co-operating relation to each other, from a position whereat said shoulder is located alongside the nozzle to a position whereat said shoulder is beyond the end of the nozzle suffioiently to perm't the fluid-conveying device to be seated on the nozzle and the looking projection thereon passed beneath said shoulder.

2. In a syringe, means to attach thereto a fluid-conveying device having a ohamber to reoeive a nozzle and a looking projeotion, said means oomprising a tapered nozzle to enter said reoess and a sleeve outside said nozzle having a shoulder to engage the looking projection of the fluid-conveying device, said nozzle and sleeve being sorew-threaded one to the other ior adjustnent of the sleeve lengthwise of the nozzle, and the length oi the sleeve including the screwthread element thereof being greater than the distance from the discharge end oi the nozzle to the screw-thread element of the nozzle so that the sleeve can be adjusted, with the screw-thread elements in co-operating relation to each other, from a position whereat said shoulder is beyond the end of the nozzle suflioiently to permit the fluid-conveying device to bo seated on the nozzle and the looking projeotion thereon to be passed beneath said shoulder, to a position whei'eat the nozzle is drawn into the reoess in the fluid-conveying device and forms with the fluid-conveying device a fluid-tight joint.

3. The subject matter of claim 1 in combination with the fluid-oonveying device, characterized by the fact that a second projeotion is provided on the fluid-oonveying device, spaced from said looking projeotion and positioned to be engaged by said sleeve as the latter is moved toward the first mentioned position to force the fluid-conveying device loose from the nozzle.

4. In a syringe, means to attach thereto a fluid-oonveying device having a looking projection, said means comprising a nozzle and a sleeve outside the nozzle having a shoulder to engage the looking projection of the fluid-conveying device to hold the latter to the nozzle, said nozzle and sleeve having oooperating screwthread means to move the sleeve lengthwise of the nozzle as the sleeve is rotated. characterized by the fact that the length of the sleeve including the screw-thread means on the sleeve is greater than the distance from the discharge end of the nozzle to the screw-thread means on the nozzle and said screw-thread means on the nozzle extends far enough lengthwise of the nozzle to move said sleeve to a position whereat said shoulder is so far beyond the end of the nozzle that the fiuid-conveying device can be seated on the nozzle and the looking projection passed beneath said shoulder, and a groovc of said screw-thread means is stopped to prevent movement of the sleeve beyond said position.

5. In a syringe, means to attach thereto a fiuid-oonveying device having a looking projection, said means oomprising a nozzle having a spiral slot in its outer surface, a sleeve outside the nozzle having a shoulder to engage the looking projection of the fluid-conveying device to hold the latter to the nozzle, and pierced with a hole, a pin in said hole in the sleeve extending into said slot to ooope'ate with the walls of the slot to move the sleeve lengthwise of the nozzle as the sleeve is rotated, and a second sleeve enoircling the first mentioned sleeve in the region of the pin to retain the pin in place.

MATHEW PAYNE.

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