US2037242A - Paper machinery - Google Patents

Description

April 14, 1936. L KUTTER 2,037,242

PAPER MACHINERY Filed Oct. 20, 1950 s Sheds-Sheet 1 Fzq. [7 /5 A 20 B C Z0 20 0/3 1 /5 M A 'a e a a a a er ,0

I Y Y Y e a ez''a is; I 95 g E/aa 88 gwumto'c H. L. KUTTER PAPER MACHINERY April 14, 1936.

Filed Oct. 20, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 mE f \l E iwu iflflw w 2%. Wm ...E.EZ Q 2 mm m R r. w a Q R mg: QK \w wn? NR KfiQ SN .RVQEFNM. 1% Q $3. x W NW m Patented Apr. 14, 1936 PAPER MACHINERY Herman L. Kutter, Hamilton, Ohio, assignor to The Black-Clawson Company, Hamilton, Ohio,

a corporation of Ohio Application October 20,

1930, Serial No. 489,888

Claims. (c1. s4 4s) This invention relates to paper machinery, and particularly to paper machinery having rotatable paper carrying drying rolls or the like.

One of the principal objects of the invention is the provision in paper machinery, such as paper driers and the like having rotatable drying rolls, of a roll drive comprising a plurality of units having an arrangement of parts providing for flexibility in assembly whereby the units may be joined into. series of groups of desired proportions in which the driving loads-are satisfactorily distributed.

Another object of the invention is the provision in paper machineryof a drying roll drive incorporating drive units which are adapted to quietly and efficiently transmit the driving loads;

the drive units comprising compact enclosed I claims.

assemblies having simple and effective operating adjustment'of the several parts, and in which the parts are suitably supported to provide a substantial structure capable of sustained use without deterioration of the moving parts.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description, the accompanying drawings and the appended In the drawings, which disclose a preferred embodiment of the invention- Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic showing of paper machinery having a drier roll drive constructed in accordance with this invention;

Fig, 2 is a fragmentary enlarged view of a portion of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the plane of the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; 4

Fig. 4 is a pTan view of the drier roll and its attached drive; and

Fig. 5 isa sectional view taken on the plane of the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

The drawings, in which like characters of reference designate like parts throughout the several views thereof, illustrate a paper drier which comprises a plurality of driven rolls through which a web of paper I!) is adapted. to travel during the process of its manufacture. Each roll l3 of the drier is provided with an individual driving unit l4 comprising intermeshing gears of relatively small over-all dimensions, suitably housed, and having provision for joining the drive units by a common shaft l5 whereby the units and associated rolls may be joined into groups for the transmission of power from a common source. The power drive is arranged. so that several groups of rolls may be joined into a series, and, if desired, several series may be arranged to provide a complete assembly having a common drive. The arrangement of the drive is such that any desired number of roll units may be combined into a group, and any number of groups may be joined into a series; 5 the-number of series used being dependent cm? on the total roll requirements of the drier s that a drier assembly of any desired size may be provided.

Preferably the drive units 14' are each provided' with a short section of driving shaft which is adapted to be readily joined to the ,shaft of the driving unit of an adjacently positioned roll. As shown in Fig. 1, several adjacently positioned rolls l3, each having an independent driving 15 means M, are joined by assembly of the driving shafts Hi to provide a roll group I6 shown as comprising five rolls. Positioned above the group i6, and spaced therefrom to provide a suitable staggering of the rolls, is a second group I! having drive shafts i5 joined similarly to the group Hi. The roll groups l6 and N form a roll series, designated by the letter A, for which a common drive I8 is provided. As shown, each group assembly of the drive shafts I5 is provided with a sprocket 20. A counter-shaft 2i is provided in the drier drive for transmission of power to the series and has a sprocket 22 carrying a. drive chain 23 which engages the sprockets 20 and is maintained in proper driving engage- 3o ment therewith through the provision of a suitable adjustable idler sprocket 24. An enclosing housing 26 is provided for the chain drive which, in additionv to serving as a safety guard, serves also to properly lubricate the chain and maintain it in a quiet and efficient operating condition. Positioned adjacent the roll series A is a similarly arranged series B comprising a roll group I6 and a group I1 having a. common drive i 8 similar to that of series A. As illustrat- 4o ing an example of power drive for the grouped rolls, sprocket 22 for the drive l8 of the series A and the sprocket 22 for the drive N3 of the. series B are shown positioned on a common counter-shaft 2| upon which is provided a cone pulley 24 which stands aligned with an oppositely positioned cone pulley 25 mounted upon a main driving shaft 26; a belt 28 being provided to transmit power from the main shaft 26 through the pulley 25 and pulley 24 to the counter-shaft 2|. Any suitable source of power, such as the motor 21, is provided for the main shaft 26. Additional rolls, designated as series C and D, are shown having a grouped drive similar to that described for the series A and B. The series sired, individual drive motors may be provided for each countershaft of the assembly or, if further division is desirable, individual motors may be provided for each roll series. Additional roll series beyond the four illustrated, may be added to provide the required total number of rolls for the drier.

The arrangement of the roll drive is such that the driving loads are uniformly distributed. This not only provides a condition whereby the power transmitting parts may be of minimum size, but also it results in an arrangement providing synchronous driving of the grouped rolls. Each roll l3of a group is provided with a power transmission which is independent of each other roll of the group and all of the rolls of the group are driven in synchronism through the assembled driving shafts l5 which provide a common driving shaft for the grouped rolls. The rolls of adjacent groups are synchronized through the provision of a common drive l8 so that all of the rolls of a series will rotate at a uniform speed for proper support of the paper web carried thereon. Means are provided whereby the speeds of the several series may be independently varied, either by the provision of independent motor drives or by an arrangement of cone pulleys, as shown, in which a belt sh fting mechanism of well known construction is incorporated in the drive from the common power source. Varying conditions of expansion or contraction in the paper web en countered during the drying process may necessitate operating one series at a slightly different speed than an adjacent series. It is to be understood that the grouping of rolls may be varied as desired and that a greater or lesser number than the five rolls shown may constitute a roll group, also the arrangement of the rolls in a series may be altered to suit various conditions.

By arranging the roll drive into units each individual gear transmission of intermeshing gears is required to carry the load of only one roll and consequently the parts need only be provided of a size suflicient to carry this single rol-l load.

- The intermeshing gears of a roll unit are of such character that a considerable speed reduction is provided between the driving pinion and the driven gears; consequently the group driving shaft I5 which rotates relatively at quite high speed, may be provided of small size and still sustain the driving load of the group without overload, and without torsional stresses sufficient to cause torsional movement in the shaft. By driving each roll independently from the shaft l5 through parallel arranged duplicate drives there is no opportunity for an accumulated lag such as would occur if the rolls were driven through a connection in which the driving load of one roll is transmitted to the next and that in turn transfers the load of both to the next adjacent roll and so on to the last roll which is required to carry the load of all. In addition to this unequal distribution of driving load in such an arrangement further difficulty is encountered due to the accumulation of lag in the running clearance of adjacent interfitting parts which prevents the synchronous operation of the individual rolls, so readily provided by the parallel drive of the invention. Not only is each unit of a group provided with an independent power transmission but, by driving the groups independently from a common drive l8, each group of a series is also ture. Also, such an arrangement of parts permits the rolls to be driven in exact synchronism thereby avoiding the difficulties encountered as a result of lack of synchronism in the rolls which may cause serious injury to the paper web passing over the rolls, and may cause it to tear with consequent waste of time and material.

The flexibility of the roll drive whereby various groupings of rolls may be assembled to meet different conditions of installation is made possible by a construction wherein each roll drive unit I4 is of a standardized form which may be readily attached to adjacent similar units and may be grouped to provide an assembly of any desired proportion. As shown, each roll l3 comprises a cylindrical face portion 35 having end walls 36 in which are provided journal shaft extensions 31 and 38. The journal shaft extensions may be formed as an integral part of the roll structure or, as shown, may be separate members suitably held within the roll ends 36. Suitable bearings are provided for the support of the rolls l3 and these are positioned within housings 40 and 4| carried by the machine frame 39. The journal shaft 3! projecting from one end of the roll is made hollow and is provided of suflicient length to accommodate the drive means for the roll. The bearing housing 40 for that journal shaft is of such construction as to provide for the attachment of the drive means and the support of the drive means housing. The bearing housing 4| at the opposite end of the roll is provided with a suitable closure member 42 to properly house the bearing contained therein.

The drive means for a roll comprises a gear 44 suitably fixed adjacent the end of the journal shaft 31, and a driving gear or pinion 45 held in meshing engagement therewith and positioned upon the driving shaft l 5. The gear 44 is preferably a hypoid gear, as shown, in which the intermeshing engagement with the driving pinion 45 is such as to permit the driving shaft I5 to be positioned spaced from or out of alignment with the axis of rotation of the gear 44. By positioning the driving shaft l5 out of alignment as mentioned, the roll power transmission may be arranged so that the end of the journal shaft is exposed and is readily accessible as for the attachment of a steam inlet.v

An enclosing housing 48 is provided for the gears of each roll drive unit and is formed in two halves split horizontally along the line of the shaft I5. It is of symmetrical form so that the drive pinion 45 may be positioned at either of opposite sides of the housing for rotation of the roll in either of opposite directions by merely substituting right-hand cut for left-hand cut gears, or vice versa. The gear housing 48 is provided with extending portions 49 on the line of the shaft I5 for the support of suitable shaft connected to adjacent units.

a driving shaft l5. The shafts "l5 of adjacent drive units I4 may be joined to provide, in effect, a continuous shaft for the rolls of a roll group. Suitable connections, such as the couplings shown, may be provided between the shaft sections to provide for the proper driving alignment of adjacent drive units.

The use of hypoid gears for a roll drive permits a compact unit assembly which may be readily housed and, due to the relationship of drive shaft axis to roll axis, one which may be easily Economy results from such usage, not only through the substitution of the small compact hypoid gears for the large diameter spur gears of conventional practice, but also due to the fact that it becomes practically possible to house the gears so that they may operate efiiciently by being properly lubricated, and by being protected from deterioration caused by collection of dirt which is inevitable upon exposed parts of a machine. The compact enclosed arrangement of drive parts permits ready access to the drier and eliminates the constant danger to injury from exposed moving parts:

' For eificient and economical use of power in the operation of the drier rolls, roller bearings 51 are provided for the roll support and these are mounted within the housings provided in a manner which permits ready adjustment of the bearings. In Fig. 5 the bearing 51 is shown as being of the double row roller type having a common inner race 59 and spaced outer races 60 and GI. The inner race 59 of the bearing is held in fixed relation to the shaft upon which it is mounted as by being provided with a tapered bore which is received upon a similarly tapered portion 62 of the journal shaft 31. Locking nuts 63 threadedly engage the shaft 31 adjacent the small end of the tapered portion 62 and are adapted to be tensioned against the end of the bearing race 59 so that it will be maintained'on the taper securely in position.

with respect to the shaft. As shown, a collar 64 is mounted on the journal shaft between the inner race 59 of the bearing and the locking nuts 63. The collar 64 is adapted to cooperate with other bearing parts to provide a closure for the bearing housing. A second collar 64" is positioned on the shaft adjacent the opposite side of the bearing race 59 and, like the collar 64, also serves as a housing closure.

Suitable retaining means are provided within the housing for the bearing outer races, and adjusting means are provided for maintaining the bearing outer races in proper operating relationship with respect to the inner race 59 which is held securelyin position upon the journal shaft. The retaining means comprises a cylindrical sleeve 65 within which the bearing races 60 and 6! are received; the outer surface of which is slidably received within the bearing housing 40. One end of the sleeve 65 is provided with an internal flange 65' against which the race 6! is adapted to bear, while the opposite end of the sleeve is internally threaded at 65 to adjustably receive a threaded retaining ring 61 having an end portion 61 which is adapted to contact with race 60. The sleeve 65 is 211- justed with respect to the housing 40 by means of a series of spaced screws which are carried by an inturned annular flange 40' at an end of the housing 40, and which are adapted to engage the sleeve. The adjusting screws stand parallel with the bearing axis and comprise cap screws 68 and set screws 69 which are'preferably alternately spaced at uniform intervals upon the flange 40'. The cap screws 68 threadedly engage the sleeve 65 and limit movementof the sleeve to the right (as-viewed in Fig. 5) by contact of the screw heads with the flange 40'. The set screws 69 threadedly engage the flange l0 and bear against the .end of the sleeve 65 to limit its movement to the left. By adjustment of the two groups of screws the retaining sleeve may be moved to provide for proper positioning of the bearing race GI, and may be securely held in place relatively to the bearing housing 40. The retaining ring 61, upon being moved to adjusted position within the sleeve 65,, may be locked in place by provision of a plate 10 removably held to the ring by means of a screw 10' and positioned thereon by means of a pin which extends from the face of the ring. The plate 10 is adapted to engage one of a series of serrations II which are provided on the inner face of the sleeve 65. This arrangement of parts provides a simple and effective adjusting means for the bearing whereby both outer races may be moved in unison or, if desired, one race may be adjusted independently of the other. it become necessary to tighten or adjust the inner race of the bearing with respect to the shaft 31 this may be readily accomplished without disturbing the relative setting of the outer races by loosening the adjusting screws 68 and 69 prior to adjustment of the inner race and by retightening these after the inner race is locked in place. Any slight error in the formation of the tapered portion 62 of a shaft which would cause a variation in the point at which different bearings might be drawn tight, or any tendency of the bearing inner race to expand in service which would necessitate readjustment of this part on the shaft 31 is readily accommodated by the provision of the adjustable retaining means which may be so adjusted that each outer race may be brought up to a proper operating fit without regard to the positioning of the bearing with- Should need not be altered during bearing adjustments.

Housing closures are provided which cooperate with the collars 64 and 64 to'restrain the passage of lubricant from the bearing housing. As shown, one end of the housing is enclosed by a ring 12 which is attached to the housing end by means of screws, and which terminates in an annular flange 72" positioned concentrically with and closely adjacent the collar 64'. Suitable sealing means are provided between the flange 12' and collar 64' such as the interfltting tongue and groove 13, and the sealing rings. 14. The opposite end of the housing is enclosed by provision of a flange extension 15 on the retaining ring 64 which terminates in a portion positioned concentrically with respect to the collar 64, similar to the relationship between the flange 12 and shaft collar 64'. Sealing rings 14' are provided between the collar 64 and flange I5.

The bearing housings are shown as being attached to the machine frame 39 in a manner which permits the housings to align themselves with respect to the roll shafts. The face 15 of the machine frame 39 upon which the bearing housings are mounted is grooved to receive a dowel I1 which is preferably a bar of substantially round section. The dowel groove is so formed zontal plane perpendicular to the roll axis and the dowel will be positioned half within the machine frame and extending therefrom so that the exposed half may be received within the bearing housing.

The face of the bearing housing which lies adjacent the machine frame face 16 is tapered as at I8 from a center line extending perpendicularly to the roll axis; this center line being parallel to a groove formed in the bearing housing face for reception of the exposed portion of the dowel. The parts are so proportioned that a clearance space is provided between the adjacent frame and bearing housing faces. This initial clearance space together with the tapered faces 18 of the housing, which provide in effect a convex face, permits a rocking movement for the bearing housing. The holding bolts I9, by which the bearing housings are attached to the frame 39, are aligned with the dowel axis so that the attached housing may readily move independently of the frame on an axis perpendicular to the journal shaft 31. Such an arrangement permits the bearing housing to be aligned with the shaft 31 so that the roll supporting bearing 5! will be free of any strains due to misalignment of parts or to warping of the machine frame. By supporting the gear housing 48 from the bearing housing as shown, the entire drive structure is maintained in proper operating alignment. Should a single group driving shaft I5 be provided instead of the assembled short sections, the possibility of misalignment in this part is obviated by provision of the freedom of movement in the bearing housings and attached gear housings.

Means are provided for introducing a fluid flow, such as steam, to the interior of the hollow rolls. As shown, a tubular member 80 threadedly engages a plate 8I which is suitably attached to the end of the hollow roll journal shaft 31, as by the screws 82, so that the tube is positioned in axial alignment with respect to the shaft 31. The plate BI also serves to hold the gear 44 upon the shaft 31; driving engagement being provided with a key not shown. The tubular member 80, which may be a piece of common pipe, is of sufficient length to project from the point of attachment to the plate 8| through an opening 84 provided in the gear housing 48 and to extend therefrom a distance sufficient to permit the attachment of a fitting 86 having a threaded connection 81 to a pipe 88 connected to a source of steam supply. The fitting 88 is supported from the stationary gear housing 48 through the provision of attachin studs 81 which project from the housing and extend through ears on the fitting;

The interengagement of studs and fitting ears serves to maintain the fitting stationary and in alignment with the rotating tube 80.

The steam fitting 86 and pipe 90 are maintained in fluid tight relationship by tensioning the fitting against a suitable packing carried by the pipe. To position the packing 89, the tube 80 is provided on the exterior of the gear housing 48 with a ring 90 suitably fixed thereon as by welding. The packing 89, which is preferably a metallic or carbon ring, is carried on the end portion of the tube 80 against the ring '90 and is provided with a face 92 of suitable form for contact with the engaging end 93 of the fitting 86. The fitting 86 is held in fluid tight engagement with the pipe 80 through the medium of the packing 89 by provision of springs 94 which are positioned on the studs 81 and are tensioned .between nuts 95' on the ends of the studs 81 and the ears 9'! of the fitting 86. The holes in the fitting cars 91' through which the studs pass are counter-sunk. The small diameter bore of the holes provides a close fitting engagement with the studs to maintain the alignment of the fitting, while the countersunk portions serve as enclosing housings for the springs. By supporting the fitting 86 in a secure manner from the. gear housing 48, and in turn carrying the gear housing fromthe bearing housing 40, a substantial support is provided for the steam fitting 86 which is-sufficiently rigid to withstand the strains set up in the connecting steam pipes due to expansion therein upon temperature change. By directing these strains into a substantial supporting structure the packed steam joint is relieved of all wear except that resulting from friction of the moving parts. Being well adapted to sustain this the packing will provide satisfactory operation overlong periods of time.

An outlet is provided for the roll interior in the form of a siphon pipe 95 which serves, for example, as a discharge for the condensate which collects therein. The siphon pipe 95 passesthrough the steam fitting 88, the hollow journal shaft 31, to the interior of the roll where an elbow 96 is provided to which is attached a downwardly extending pipe portion 91 which terminates a short distance from the bottom of the roll inte- I05 which is attached to the inner end of the journal shaft as by the, screws I05. The bracket is provided with an axially positioned sleeve I08 having a cylindrical bearing member I09 for support of the inner end of the siphon pipe. The bearing portion I09 is preferably formed of some composition which provides its own lubricant and is formed of such size as to support the siphon pipe without appreciable shake or rattle. By so supporting the inner end of the siphon pipe the open end of the downwardly extending portion 91 is maintained in substantially fixed relation to the inner surface of the roll, and also the siphon pipe is prevented from coming into contact with the journal shaft so that rubbin and consequent wear on the siphon pipe at this point is eliminated. The bracket I04 serves not only as a supporting means for the siphon pipe but provides also a deflecting means whereby the steam passing into the roll interior is uniformly distributed therein so that an even temperature may be maintained throughout the roll. The bracket I04 is webbed, as indicated at III adjacent the point of attachment of the sleeve I08,

and is provided with several holes H2 which stand perpendicularly to the roll axis; three or four half inch holes being a suitable number. The bracket serves as a baffle and prevents the steam from entering the roll interior as a jet which would maintain its formation until the opposite end of the roll is reached and would there fore cause unequal heating of the roll interior. Through the provision of obstructions in the form of the sleeve I08 and supporting webs III sufficient resistanceis set up tothe passage of steam to cause a portion of the steam flow to passlaterally of the roll through the openings H2 so that the steam is uniformly distributed to the roll interior and an equal heat transfer to the wall ,of the roll results.

While the form of app ratus herein described constitutes a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention -is not limited to this precise form of apparatus,

and that changes may be made therein without departing from the scopeof the invention which is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In paper machinery of. the character described, a hollow rotatable roll, .a hollow journal shaft therefor, means for supplying steam through said hollow journal shaft, a stationary siphon pipe extending within said journal shaft and continuing to the interior of the roll, and supporting means for said siphon pipe, said supporting means comprising a bracket member at tached to, the .roll and positioned adjacent the inner end of said journal shaft and providing a bearing for saidsiphon pipe, said bracket member having a passage extending axially of the roll in alignment with andof substantially the same outside diameter as the hole inthe journal shaft and having additional restricted passages extending substantiallytransversely of the roll axis for distributing steam'supplied through the hollow journal shaft along theentire length of the roll.

2. In paper machinery off the character described, a machine frame, a hollow, rotatable roll having a hollow journalfshaft providing communication to the interior thereof, supporting means for said roll comp'risinga bearing housing mounted on said machine frame, means for introducing a fluid flow. to said journal shaft for passage to the interior of -the roll, said last mentioned means comprisinga non-rotatable fluid conduit mounted in fluid tight contact with an end portion of said journal shaft, and a stationary supporting connection from the bearing housing for the fluid conduit.

3. In paper machinery of the character described, a hollow rotatable roll having a hollow journal shaft driving means for said roll, said driving means comprising a gear attached to said journal shaft, a driving shaft, a driving pinion mounted thereon in meshing engagement with said gear, an enclosing housing for said driving means, a fluid conduit, and a bolt connection between the fluid conduit and the drive enclosing housing to hold the fluid conduit in fluid tight connection with the journal to provide a fluid passage from the conduit to the roll interior.

4. In paper machinery of the character described, a machine frame, a hollow rotatable drier roll having a hollow journal shaft providing communication to the interior thereof, bearing means for said journal shaft mounted on said machine frame, a hypoid gear fixed to said journal shaft adjacent said bearing means, a driving shaft extending across but spaced from the journal shaft axis, a drive hypoid pinion mounted on said shaft and driving said hypoid gear, and means rotatably supporting said driving shaft.

5. In paper machinery of the character described, a machine frame, a hollow rotatable drier roll having a hollow journal shaft providing communication to the interior thereof, supporting means for said journal shaft comprising a housing mounted on said machine frame and an anti-friction bearing supported in said housing, a hypoid gear fixed to said journal shaft closely adjacent said bearing, a driving shaft extending across but spaced from said journal shaft axis, a drive hypoid pinion mounted on said shaft and driving said hypoid gear, and means rigid with said housing rotatably supporting said driving shaft.

HERMAN L. KUTTER.

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