US20100227694A1 - Modular gaming machine stand - Google Patents
Modular gaming machine stand Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100227694A1 US20100227694A1 US12/660,777 US66077710A US2010227694A1 US 20100227694 A1 US20100227694 A1 US 20100227694A1 US 66077710 A US66077710 A US 66077710A US 2010227694 A1 US2010227694 A1 US 2010227694A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gaming machine
- module
- stand
- machine stand
- modules
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
- G07F17/32—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for games, toys, sports, or amusements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
- G07F17/32—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for games, toys, sports, or amusements
- G07F17/3202—Hardware aspects of a gaming system, e.g. components, construction, architecture thereof
- G07F17/3216—Construction aspects of a gaming system, e.g. housing, seats, ergonomic aspects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to stands for gaming machines such as slot and video poker machines.
- Gaming machines such as slot and video poker machines are typically supported on a stand.
- the stand elevates the gaming machine to the desired playing height.
- the stand generally serves as an enclosure for electrical wiring, communication cables and the like which may be connected to the gaming machine.
- the slot stand may be utilized as a coin storage area, wherein coins may be directed from the gaming machine on the stand to a coin drop located within the stand.
- each slot stand is custom created based upon the particular application, including the particular size and/or shape of the gaming machine which it is intended to support. Further, in some cases, gaming machines are located in “banks” or groups of gaming machines. In that situation, a slot stand may be custom created to support a certain plurality of gaming machines (such as 3 or 6 gaming machines in a row, or even groups of gaming machines in back-to-back relationship).
- slot stands There are several drawbacks to custom creating slot stands. First, it is expensive to create each slot stand from scratch, in that the design of each slot stand may be different, as may be the necessary materials and procedure for assembling the slot stand. Second, when slot stands are individually created, they may have different appearances. This may be undesirable on a casino floor where uniformity of appearance is more aesthetically pleasing. Lastly, individually created slot stands may not embody the same features. For example, slot stands provided by one manufacturer may include certain features, while those provided by another manufacturer may not. This may result in difficulties when the various slot stands are installed at a casino floor.
- One aspect of the invention is a modular gaming machine stand and a method of creating or forming a gaming machine by assembling or connecting a plurality of modules.
- the gaming machine stand comprises a first end module, a second end module and one or more intermediate modules.
- the modules are connected to one another to create a gaming machine stand with a generally closed perimeter or periphery, and having a generally planar top for supporting one or more gaming machines.
- the first and second end modules have a first side, an opposing second side, a first end and a second end extending between the first and second sides, the first end being generally closed and the second end generally open, and a generally planar top supported by the sides and end.
- the intermediate module(s) have a first side, an opposing second side, a pair of open ends and a generally planar top.
- the modules may themselves be modular in construction, such as formed by an assembly of side or wall members, an end member (for the end modules) and top members.
- the size of the gaming machine stand may be manipulated by changing the number of modules and/or their configuration.
- a depth of the gaming machine stand may be determined by a depth of the modules.
- the length of the gaming machine stand may be determined by the number of intermediate modules which are located between the end modules, the number of intermediate modules ranging from none to a plurality thereof.
- the gaming machine stand may include other features.
- the gaming machine stand may be configured to route or deliver cooling or conditioned air.
- air may be delivered to an interior of the gaming machine stand.
- the gaming machine stand may define one or more vents through which the air may flow from the interior to the exterior thereof.
- flow controllers are associated with the vents, permitting the areas and flow rates of air to be controlled.
- gaming machine stands of various sizes may be conveniently formed from various numbers of assembled base elements or modules.
- this allows gaming machine stands to be of different sizes and yet have a similar appearance.
- manufacturing and development costs for the stands are reduced by using a just a few base elements common to the various stands, rather than having to custom design, configure and manufacture each stand and the elements thereof.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gaming machine stand in accordance with one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the gaming machine stand illustrated in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a front plan view of the gaming machine stand illustrated in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 a is a perspective view of an end module of gaming machine stand in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 b is an exploded view of the end module illustrated in FIG. 4 a.
- FIG. 5 a is a perspective view of an intermediate module of a gaming machine stand in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 b is an exploded view of the end module illustrated in FIG. 5 a.
- One embodiment of the invention is a gaming machine stand.
- the gaming machine stand is modular, being constructable from a plurality of components into a variety of configurations.
- Other aspects of the invention comprise vented gaming machine stands and gaming machine stands having other features.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a modular gaming machine stand 20 in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
- the modular gaming machine stand 20 is constructed from a plurality of base modules or elements. In one embodiment, the number of these modules may be varied in order to vary the configuration of the gaming machine stand.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the modular gaming machine stand 20 which is illustrated in FIG. 1 .
- the modular gaming machine stand 20 comprises first and second end modules 22 a , 22 b and, preferably, at least one intermediate or middle module 24 .
- the gaming machine stand 20 when assembled, generally comprises a housing having one or more sides 26 and an elevated top 28 .
- the housing has a generally closed perimeter or periphery defined by the sides and ends thereof. So configured, the gaming machine stand 20 has a generally enclosed interior (not visible in FIG. 1 ). This interior area may comprise a single contiguous area or it may be divided or compartmentalized. One or more gaming machines may be located on the top 28 .
- the shape of the gaming machine stand 20 may vary. In one embodiment, it may be generally rectangular, thus having four sides (two elongate sides and two short sides or ends). Such a configuration is particular suited in supporting two or more gaming machine in side-to-side relationship in a row. Of course, the gaming machine stand 20 might be generally square (such as for supporting two pairs of gaming machines in back-to-back relationship). In addition, while the one or more sides of the gaming machine stand 20 may be straight, they may also be curved or the like. In general, however, it is desirable that the gaming machine stand 20 not extend abruptly outwardly such that it might pose points of contact with users of the associated gaming machines.
- a bottom or base of the gaming machine stand 20 may be closed. In other embodiments, as illustrated, the bottom or base may be open to reduce the weight and materials cost associated with the stand 20 . This configuration is particularly suited to applications in which the stand 20 is located on a planar support surface where that surface closes the bottom of the stand 20 .
- each of the modules 22 a,b and 24 forms a portion of the gaming machine stand 20 .
- Each module 22 a,b and 24 preferably defines a portion of one or more of the sides 26 of the stand 20 and a portion of the top 28 of the stand.
- each end module 22 a,b has an end wall 30 and a front and a rear side wall 32 , 34 .
- the front and rear side walls 32 , 34 extend generally parallel to one another.
- the end wall 30 extends generally perpendicular to the side walls 32 , 34 and forms a closed end of the end module.
- An opposing end 40 of the module 22 a,b opposite the end wall is generally open.
- the configuration of the end wall 30 and the side walls 32 , 34 may vary.
- the end wall 30 is louvered or otherwise includes one or more apertures, thus permitting air to flow between the interior and the exterior of the stand 20 .
- the side walls 32 , 34 may include one or more panels or doors 36 .
- the panels 36 may be movable from an open to a closed position, such as via a hinged mounting.
- the panels 36 may be retained in a closed position by a lock, such as a key-actuated rotating latch.
- the end wall 30 and the side walls 32 , 34 may be constructed from a variety of materials. In one embodiment, they are constructed from metal. Preferably, the end wall 30 and the side walls 32 , 34 are generally closed so as to form a portion of a closed periphery of the gaming machine stand.
- the end modules 22 a,b have a top 38 which form a portion of the top 28 of the gaming machine stand 20 .
- the top 38 is supported by the end wall 30 and side walls 32 , 34 in an elevated position.
- the height of the top 38 may vary depending upon the height of the end wall 30 and the side walls 32 , 34 .
- the opposing end 40 is generally open.
- the open end 40 of each end module 22 a,b may be joined to another module. It is possible that the open ends 40 of the two end modules 22 a,b may be directly connected, thus forming a slot stand from the two connected end modules 22 a,b . In a preferred embodiment, however, one or more intermediate modules 24 are located between the end modules 22 a,b.
- the intermediate module 24 has a pair of side walls 42 , 44 and a pair of opposing open ends 46 , 48 .
- the side walls 42 , 44 of the intermediate module 24 may include one or more panels or doors 50 . Again, these panels may be configured to open and close, and may be lockable.
- the intermediate module 24 has a top 52 .
- the top 52 is supported by the side walls 42 , 44 .
- the top 52 is supported at the same height as the tops 38 of the end modules 22 a,b , so that when the modules are connected they define a contiguous generally planar top 28 of the slot stand 20 , as best illustrated in FIG. 1 .
- the intermediate module(s) 24 may be constructed from a variety of materials.
- the intermediate module 24 is constructed substantially of metal.
- the various modules are configured to be connected to one another.
- a single intermediate module 24 may be located between the end modules 22 a,b (the intermediate module 24 being located between the open ends 40 of the two end modules 22 a,b ).
- two or more intermediate modules 24 may be connected to one another and those intermediate modules may be located between the end modules 22 a,b . In this manner, the length of the gaming machine stand 20 may be varied.
- vents 54 may be defined at the intersection of the various modules.
- cut-away areas 56 may be defined in the sides or side walls 32 of the end modules 22 a,b and in the side walls 42 , 44 of the intermediate module(s) 24 . These cut-away areas 56 are preferably located at the open ends of the modules and are configured so that when the modules are connected, the cut-way areas 56 align to form a vent 54 .
- the vent 54 comprises an opening into the interior of the stand 20 .
- the vent 54 has a periphery defined by two of the modules, such as one end module 22 a and an intermediate module 24 .
- a vent cover 58 may be located over the vent 54 .
- the vent cover 58 may comprise, for example, a cover having a plurality of openings therein.
- the vent cover 58 may define a plurality of louvered openings or slots located between slats. The slats may be angled downwardly to deflect liquid or other material from the slots, to prevent such material from entering the interior of the gaming machine stand.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the gaming machine stand 20 where a vent cover 58 has been located over one of the vents 54 and illustrates another vent cover removed to show the vent 54 .
- vents 54 may be defined in the end 30 of each end module 22 a,b .
- one or more openings may be defined in the end 30 of the end module 22 a,b .
- the one or more openings may again be covered by one or more vent covers 60 .
- the gaming machine stand 20 may include other features as well.
- air may be supplied to the interior of the gaming machine stand. This air may flow out of the gaming machine stand 20 , such as through the vents 54 .
- a supply of conditioned (heated, cooled, filtered, etc.) air might be supplied to the interior of the gaming machine stand 20 via a conduit or the like. Such a conduit might lead from a heating and cooling system for a casino through the floor to a point under the gaming machine stand 20 .
- the supplied air may flow from the interior of the gaming machine stand 20 through the one or more vents 54 to areas exterior thereto.
- the gaming machine stand 20 may include one or more flow controllers 62 for use in controlling rate and/or areas of air flow from the gaming machine stand 20 .
- such flow controllers may comprise panels or similar members which may be used to selectively open or close the vents 54 .
- the flow controllers may comprise a pair of perforated panels located at each vent 54 . The panels may be moveable relative to one another. When the perforations in the panels are aligned, maximum air flow is permitted. When the perforations are offset, air flow may be partially or completely blocked.
- the panels may be mounted to the gaming machine stand 20 so that one panel is stationary and the other panel can be raised and/or lowered relative to the first panel.
- access to the flow controllers 62 may be provided by removing the vent covers 58 , 60 .
- Other flow controllers might be utilized, however, such as valves, covers or the like, which permit a user to selectively open and/or close one the one or more vents.
- the gaming machine stand 20 may include other features which are ornamental and/or functional.
- the gaming machine stand 20 may include a trim element that functions as a footrest 64 .
- This trim element may extend outwardly from the various modules of the gaming machine stand 20 .
- the trim element may both protect the gaming machine stand 20 from damage, such as impact by chairs or other elements, but also serve as a footrest 64 at the sides thereof.
- the modules of the gaming machine stand 20 may be constructed from a variety of materials. In one embodiment, the modules themselves may be modular in construction.
- FIG. 4 a illustrates the end module 22 b of FIG. 2 in assembled form, while FIG. 4 b illustrates it in an exploded view.
- the end module 22 b may comprise an end cap 100 , a first side or wall member 102 , a second side or wall member 104 and a top member 106 . Corner elements 108 , 110 may be located at the intersection of the end cap or member 100 and the first side 102 and at the intersection of the end cap 100 and the second side 106 .
- the first and second sides 102 , 104 may have openings 112 defined therein.
- a cover or door 114 may be located in the opening 112 for selectively opening and closing the opening 112 .
- the exposed ends of the first and second sides 102 , 104 of the end module 22 a preferably define a cut-out or cut-away 118 for forming a vent, as detailed below.
- one or more trim elements 120 may be associated with the module 22 b , such as for protecting the gaming machine stand 20 and for serving as a footrest. It will be appreciated that the other end module 22 a may be similarly constructed.
- the intermediate modules 24 may also be similarly modularly constructed.
- the intermediate module 24 may be constructed from a pair of side or wall members 200 , 202 and a top member 204 .
- the side or wall members 200 , 202 may define openings 206 having an associated door 208 .
- the doors 208 may be of the same size and configuration as the doors 114 of the end modules (as illustrated in FIG. 4 b ) to simplify construction thereof.
- the first and second side wall members 200 , 202 preferably define cut-outs 216 .
- vents may be formed at opposing sides of a stand at the intersection of two connected end modules 22 a , 22 b .
- vents may be formed by the location of an intermediate module 24 between two end modules 22 a , 22 b between two connected intermediate modules.
- flow controllers 62 are preferably associated with those openings or vents for selectively controlling the flow of air there through.
- the various elements of the modules may be constructed from a variety of materials.
- the various panels and other elements may be constructed from metal.
- the top or at least a covering portion of the gaming machine stand may be constructed from wood.
- the various surfaces of the gaming machine stand may be painted, stained or the like in order to create unique finished appearances.
- Various trim elements may be added, such as to protect the top of the gaming machine stand when the stand is constructed of wood.
- the gaming machine stand may be configured to route or deliver air to areas around the exterior of the stand
- the stand might also be configured to route or deliver air to the gaming machines. This is particularly suitable when cooling air is delivered to the gaming machine stand, in that such air can be used to cool the gaming machine(s) supported by the stand.
- vents or other openings might be provided in the top 28 of the stand 20 . These vents or openings could be aligned with openings in the bottoms of the gaming machines so as to route air directly into the interior areas thereof. Alternatively, the openings could be configured to route air adjacent the gaming machines to be drawn into the air intakes thereof.
- the various elements of the gaming machine stand 20 may be connected in various fashions.
- the modules of the gaming machine stand 20 might be selectively connected to one another (i.e. in a manner permitting them to be disconnected).
- the modules might be connected with fasteners such as nuts and bolts.
- the modules might also be permanently connected, such as by welding.
- Other of the elements, such as the vent covers, trim pieces and the like might be connected by fasteners, adhesive or the like.
- One aspect of the invention comprises a method of assembling or constructing a gaming machine stand.
- the method may comprise forming or constructing the end and intermediate modules, such as from the various elements described herein.
- Another method of the invention comprises a method of forming a gaming machine stand by interconnecting the end and intermediate modules and/or other elements.
- the top of the gaming machine stand is generally planar, it is possible for the top to have various elevations.
- the elevation of the top of the gaming machine stand at the end modules 22 a,b may be higher or lower than the elevation of the top of the intermediate module(s) 24 .
- the gaming machine stand 20 of the invention is constructed from a plurality of modules or units. These modules may be connected in a plurality of configurations to create gaming machine stands 20 of different sizes and configurations. Yet, those different gaming machine stands 20 will all have a common appearance and common features.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a gaming machine stand comprising two end modules 22 a,b and a single intermediate module 24 .
- This gaming machine stand 20 might be suited for supporting two or three gaming machines in a row in a side-to-side relationship.
- the length of the gaming machine stand 20 may be increased, such as to accommodate a larger number of gaming machines, by adding one or more intermediate modules 24 .
- the gaming machine stand 20 might comprise two, three or more intermediate modules 24 located between the end modules 22 a,b.
- the depth of the various modules may be varied.
- the modules may have a depth D for supporting a single row of gaming machines.
- the modules may have a depth D which is increased from that illustrated in FIG. 1 .
- the depth D might be doubled, such as to support two rows of gaming machines in back-to-back relationship.
- the modules might be constructed in two or more sizes: one size for constructing gaming machine stands for supporting gaming machines in a single row and another size for constructing gaming machine stands for supporting gaming machine in back-to-back relationship.
- a significant advantage of the invention is that a few modules may be created, from which multiple gaming machine stands of different configurations may be generated. This is saves greatly in time and expense in the design and manufacture of the gaming machine stand. This is contrasted with the current method of assembling slot stands where each stand is custom designed, the components thereof are custom created and the time and cost associated with assembling the stand is high because each stand may be unique.
- the gaming machine stand 20 may serve as an air delivery device. Air may be delivered to the interior of the gaming machine stand 20 and then be delivered or routed from the stand. The areas of air flow and the rate of air flow may be varied, such as by using the flow controllers.
- An advantage of this feature of the gaming machine stand is that fresh conditioned air may be delivered close to the players of the gaming machines. This is contrasted with current air systems where air is delivered through ceiling ducts which are located remote from the players.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Slot Machines And Peripheral Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A gaming machine stand is constructed from a plurality of modules. In one embodiment the gaming machine stand comprises a pair of end modules and one or more intermediate modules. Variations in the number of intermediate modules permit the length of the gaming machine stand to be varied. The modules themselves may be modular in construction. The gaming machine stand may include other features, such as venting for routing cooling air to players of the supported gaming machines. The modular gaming machine stand permits construction of differing stands having various sizes, but having a common appearance and characteristics.
Description
- This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/209,406, filed Mar. 5, 2009.
- The present invention relates to stands for gaming machines such as slot and video poker machines.
- Gaming machines such as slot and video poker machines are typically supported on a stand. The stand elevates the gaming machine to the desired playing height. In addition, the stand generally serves as an enclosure for electrical wiring, communication cables and the like which may be connected to the gaming machine. In some cases, as detailed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,702,093, the slot stand may be utilized as a coin storage area, wherein coins may be directed from the gaming machine on the stand to a coin drop located within the stand.
- Typically, the gaming machine or “slot” stands are generally custom configured for each machine or use. Thus, each slot stand is custom created based upon the particular application, including the particular size and/or shape of the gaming machine which it is intended to support. Further, in some cases, gaming machines are located in “banks” or groups of gaming machines. In that situation, a slot stand may be custom created to support a certain plurality of gaming machines (such as 3 or 6 gaming machines in a row, or even groups of gaming machines in back-to-back relationship).
- There are several drawbacks to custom creating slot stands. First, it is expensive to create each slot stand from scratch, in that the design of each slot stand may be different, as may be the necessary materials and procedure for assembling the slot stand. Second, when slot stands are individually created, they may have different appearances. This may be undesirable on a casino floor where uniformity of appearance is more aesthetically pleasing. Lastly, individually created slot stands may not embody the same features. For example, slot stands provided by one manufacturer may include certain features, while those provided by another manufacturer may not. This may result in difficulties when the various slot stands are installed at a casino floor.
- One aspect of the invention is a modular gaming machine stand and a method of creating or forming a gaming machine by assembling or connecting a plurality of modules.
- In one embodiment, the gaming machine stand comprises a first end module, a second end module and one or more intermediate modules. The modules are connected to one another to create a gaming machine stand with a generally closed perimeter or periphery, and having a generally planar top for supporting one or more gaming machines.
- In one embodiment, the first and second end modules have a first side, an opposing second side, a first end and a second end extending between the first and second sides, the first end being generally closed and the second end generally open, and a generally planar top supported by the sides and end. The intermediate module(s) have a first side, an opposing second side, a pair of open ends and a generally planar top. The modules may themselves be modular in construction, such as formed by an assembly of side or wall members, an end member (for the end modules) and top members.
- So configured, the size of the gaming machine stand may be manipulated by changing the number of modules and/or their configuration. For example, a depth of the gaming machine stand may be determined by a depth of the modules. The length of the gaming machine stand may be determined by the number of intermediate modules which are located between the end modules, the number of intermediate modules ranging from none to a plurality thereof.
- The gaming machine stand may include other features. For example, the gaming machine stand may be configured to route or deliver cooling or conditioned air. In particular, air may be delivered to an interior of the gaming machine stand. The gaming machine stand may define one or more vents through which the air may flow from the interior to the exterior thereof. In one embodiment, flow controllers are associated with the vents, permitting the areas and flow rates of air to be controlled.
- In accordance with the invention, gaming machine stands of various sizes may be conveniently formed from various numbers of assembled base elements or modules. Advantageously, this allows gaming machine stands to be of different sizes and yet have a similar appearance. In addition, manufacturing and development costs for the stands are reduced by using a just a few base elements common to the various stands, rather than having to custom design, configure and manufacture each stand and the elements thereof.
- Further objects, features, and advantages of the present invention over the prior art will become apparent from the detailed description of the drawings which follows, when considered with the attached figures.
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gaming machine stand in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the gaming machine stand illustrated inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a front plan view of the gaming machine stand illustrated inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 a is a perspective view of an end module of gaming machine stand in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 4 b is an exploded view of the end module illustrated inFIG. 4 a. -
FIG. 5 a is a perspective view of an intermediate module of a gaming machine stand in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; and -
FIG. 5 b is an exploded view of the end module illustrated inFIG. 5 a. - In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough description of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the invention.
- One embodiment of the invention is a gaming machine stand. In one embodiment, the gaming machine stand is modular, being constructable from a plurality of components into a variety of configurations. Other aspects of the invention comprise vented gaming machine stands and gaming machine stands having other features.
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a modular gaming machine stand 20 in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. In one embodiment, the modulargaming machine stand 20 is constructed from a plurality of base modules or elements. In one embodiment, the number of these modules may be varied in order to vary the configuration of the gaming machine stand. -
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the modulargaming machine stand 20 which is illustrated inFIG. 1 . As illustrated inFIG. 2 , in one embodiment, the modular gaming machine stand 20 comprises first andsecond end modules middle module 24. - As illustrated in
FIGS. 1 and 3 , when assembled, the gaming machine stand 20 generally comprises a housing having one ormore sides 26 and an elevatedtop 28. The housing has a generally closed perimeter or periphery defined by the sides and ends thereof. So configured, thegaming machine stand 20 has a generally enclosed interior (not visible in FIG. 1). This interior area may comprise a single contiguous area or it may be divided or compartmentalized. One or more gaming machines may be located on the top 28. - The shape of the gaming machine stand 20 may vary. In one embodiment, it may be generally rectangular, thus having four sides (two elongate sides and two short sides or ends). Such a configuration is particular suited in supporting two or more gaming machine in side-to-side relationship in a row. Of course, the gaming machine stand 20 might be generally square (such as for supporting two pairs of gaming machines in back-to-back relationship). In addition, while the one or more sides of the gaming machine stand 20 may be straight, they may also be curved or the like. In general, however, it is desirable that the gaming machine stand 20 not extend abruptly outwardly such that it might pose points of contact with users of the associated gaming machines.
- In one embodiment, a bottom or base of the gaming machine stand 20 may be closed. In other embodiments, as illustrated, the bottom or base may be open to reduce the weight and materials cost associated with the
stand 20. This configuration is particularly suited to applications in which thestand 20 is located on a planar support surface where that surface closes the bottom of thestand 20. - Referring to
FIG. 2 , in one embodiment each of themodules 22 a,b and 24 forms a portion of thegaming machine stand 20. Eachmodule 22 a,b and 24 preferably defines a portion of one or more of thesides 26 of thestand 20 and a portion of the top 28 of the stand. - In one embodiment, each
end module 22 a,b has anend wall 30 and a front and arear side wall rear side walls end wall 30 extends generally perpendicular to theside walls end 40 of themodule 22 a,b opposite the end wall is generally open. - The configuration of the
end wall 30 and theside walls end wall 30 is louvered or otherwise includes one or more apertures, thus permitting air to flow between the interior and the exterior of thestand 20. As illustrated, theside walls doors 36. Thepanels 36 may be movable from an open to a closed position, such as via a hinged mounting. Thepanels 36 may be retained in a closed position by a lock, such as a key-actuated rotating latch. - The
end wall 30 and theside walls end wall 30 and theside walls - The
end modules 22 a,b have a top 38 which form a portion of the top 28 of thegaming machine stand 20. In one embodiment, the top 38 is supported by theend wall 30 andside walls end wall 30 and theside walls - As indicated, while the
end wall 30 closes one end of theend module 22 a,b, the opposingend 40 is generally open. In one embodiment, theopen end 40 of eachend module 22 a,b may be joined to another module. It is possible that the open ends 40 of the twoend modules 22 a,b may be directly connected, thus forming a slot stand from the twoconnected end modules 22 a,b. In a preferred embodiment, however, one or moreintermediate modules 24 are located between theend modules 22 a,b. - Still referring to
FIG. 2 , in one embodiment theintermediate module 24 has a pair ofside walls end modules 22 a,b, theside walls intermediate module 24 may include one or more panels ordoors 50. Again, these panels may be configured to open and close, and may be lockable. - Also, the
intermediate module 24 has a top 52. The top 52 is supported by theside walls end modules 22 a,b, so that when the modules are connected they define a contiguous generallyplanar top 28 of theslot stand 20, as best illustrated inFIG. 1 . - As with the
end modules 22 a,b, the intermediate module(s) 24 may be constructed from a variety of materials. Preferably, theintermediate module 24 is constructed substantially of metal. - As illustrated in
FIG. 2 , the various modules are configured to be connected to one another. In one embodiment, a singleintermediate module 24 may be located between theend modules 22 a,b (theintermediate module 24 being located between the open ends 40 of the twoend modules 22 a,b). In other embodiments, two or moreintermediate modules 24 may be connected to one another and those intermediate modules may be located between theend modules 22 a,b. In this manner, the length of the gaming machine stand 20 may be varied. - Referring to
FIG. 1 , vents 54 may be defined at the intersection of the various modules. As illustrated, cut-away areas 56 (seeFIG. 2 ) may be defined in the sides orside walls 32 of theend modules 22 a,b and in theside walls areas 56 are preferably located at the open ends of the modules and are configured so that when the modules are connected, the cut-way areas 56 align to form avent 54. Thevent 54 comprises an opening into the interior of thestand 20. Thevent 54 has a periphery defined by two of the modules, such as oneend module 22 a and anintermediate module 24. - Referring to
FIG. 2 , avent cover 58 may be located over thevent 54. Thevent cover 58 may comprise, for example, a cover having a plurality of openings therein. As illustrated, thevent cover 58 may define a plurality of louvered openings or slots located between slats. The slats may be angled downwardly to deflect liquid or other material from the slots, to prevent such material from entering the interior of the gaming machine stand.FIG. 3 illustrates the gaming machine stand 20 where avent cover 58 has been located over one of thevents 54 and illustrates another vent cover removed to show thevent 54. - In one embodiment,
similar vents 54 may be defined in theend 30 of eachend module 22 a,b. For example, as indicated above, one or more openings may be defined in theend 30 of theend module 22 a,b. The one or more openings may again be covered by one or more vent covers 60. - The gaming machine stand 20 may include other features as well. In one embodiment, air may be supplied to the interior of the gaming machine stand. This air may flow out of the
gaming machine stand 20, such as through thevents 54. For example, a supply of conditioned (heated, cooled, filtered, etc.) air might be supplied to the interior of the gaming machine stand 20 via a conduit or the like. Such a conduit might lead from a heating and cooling system for a casino through the floor to a point under thegaming machine stand 20. - In one embodiment, the supplied air may flow from the interior of the gaming machine stand 20 through the one or
more vents 54 to areas exterior thereto. Referring toFIG. 4 b the gaming machine stand 20 may include one ormore flow controllers 62 for use in controlling rate and/or areas of air flow from thegaming machine stand 20. In one embodiment, such flow controllers may comprise panels or similar members which may be used to selectively open or close thevents 54. The flow controllers may comprise a pair of perforated panels located at eachvent 54. The panels may be moveable relative to one another. When the perforations in the panels are aligned, maximum air flow is permitted. When the perforations are offset, air flow may be partially or completely blocked. The panels may be mounted to the gaming machine stand 20 so that one panel is stationary and the other panel can be raised and/or lowered relative to the first panel. In one embodiment, access to theflow controllers 62 may be provided by removing the vent covers 58,60. Other flow controllers might be utilized, however, such as valves, covers or the like, which permit a user to selectively open and/or close one the one or more vents. - The gaming machine stand 20 may include other features which are ornamental and/or functional. For example, as illustrated in
FIG. 2 , the gaming machine stand 20 may include a trim element that functions as afootrest 64. This trim element may extend outwardly from the various modules of thegaming machine stand 20. The trim element may both protect the gaming machine stand 20 from damage, such as impact by chairs or other elements, but also serve as afootrest 64 at the sides thereof. - As indicated, the modules of the gaming machine stand 20 may be constructed from a variety of materials. In one embodiment, the modules themselves may be modular in construction.
FIG. 4 a illustrates theend module 22 b ofFIG. 2 in assembled form, whileFIG. 4 b illustrates it in an exploded view. As illustrated, theend module 22 b may comprise anend cap 100, a first side orwall member 102, a second side orwall member 104 and atop member 106.Corner elements member 100 and thefirst side 102 and at the intersection of theend cap 100 and thesecond side 106. As indicated above, the first andsecond sides openings 112 defined therein. A cover ordoor 114 may be located in theopening 112 for selectively opening and closing theopening 112. The exposed ends of the first andsecond sides end module 22 a preferably define a cut-out or cut-away 118 for forming a vent, as detailed below. As also indicated above, one or moretrim elements 120 may be associated with themodule 22 b, such as for protecting thegaming machine stand 20 and for serving as a footrest. It will be appreciated that theother end module 22 a may be similarly constructed. - In addition, the
intermediate modules 24 may also be similarly modularly constructed. For example, as illustrated inFIGS. 5 a and 5 b, theintermediate module 24 may be constructed from a pair of side orwall members top member 204. The side orwall members openings 206 having an associateddoor 208. Thedoors 208 may be of the same size and configuration as thedoors 114 of the end modules (as illustrated inFIG. 4 b) to simplify construction thereof. Likewise, the first and secondside wall members outs 216. - The cut-
outs end modules 22 a,b and intermediate modules are configured to cooperate to form vents when those modules are connected. For example, vents may be formed at opposing sides of a stand at the intersection of twoconnected end modules intermediate module 24 between twoend modules FIG. 4 b,flow controllers 62 are preferably associated with those openings or vents for selectively controlling the flow of air there through. - These various elements of the modules may be constructed from a variety of materials. In one embodiment, the various panels and other elements may be constructed from metal. In one embodiment, the top or at least a covering portion of the gaming machine stand may be constructed from wood. The various surfaces of the gaming machine stand may be painted, stained or the like in order to create unique finished appearances. Various trim elements may be added, such as to protect the top of the gaming machine stand when the stand is constructed of wood.
- While the gaming machine stand may be configured to route or deliver air to areas around the exterior of the stand, the stand might also be configured to route or deliver air to the gaming machines. This is particularly suitable when cooling air is delivered to the gaming machine stand, in that such air can be used to cool the gaming machine(s) supported by the stand. In particular, vents or other openings might be provided in the top 28 of the
stand 20. These vents or openings could be aligned with openings in the bottoms of the gaming machines so as to route air directly into the interior areas thereof. Alternatively, the openings could be configured to route air adjacent the gaming machines to be drawn into the air intakes thereof. - The various elements of the gaming machine stand 20 may be connected in various fashions. For example, the modules of the gaming machine stand 20 might be selectively connected to one another (i.e. in a manner permitting them to be disconnected). For example, the modules might be connected with fasteners such as nuts and bolts. The modules might also be permanently connected, such as by welding. Other of the elements, such as the vent covers, trim pieces and the like might be connected by fasteners, adhesive or the like.
- One aspect of the invention comprises a method of assembling or constructing a gaming machine stand. In one embodiment, the method may comprise forming or constructing the end and intermediate modules, such as from the various elements described herein. Another method of the invention comprises a method of forming a gaming machine stand by interconnecting the end and intermediate modules and/or other elements.
- While in the preferred embodiment of the invention the top of the gaming machine stand is generally planar, it is possible for the top to have various elevations. For example, the elevation of the top of the gaming machine stand at the
end modules 22 a,b may be higher or lower than the elevation of the top of the intermediate module(s) 24. - Various features of the gaming machine stand 20 will now be appreciated. Most importantly, the gaming machine stand 20 of the invention is constructed from a plurality of modules or units. These modules may be connected in a plurality of configurations to create gaming machine stands 20 of different sizes and configurations. Yet, those different gaming machine stands 20 will all have a common appearance and common features.
- For example,
FIG. 1 illustrates a gaming machine stand comprising twoend modules 22 a,b and a singleintermediate module 24. This gaming machine stand 20 might be suited for supporting two or three gaming machines in a row in a side-to-side relationship. The length of the gaming machine stand 20 may be increased, such as to accommodate a larger number of gaming machines, by adding one or moreintermediate modules 24. For example, the gaming machine stand 20 might comprise two, three or moreintermediate modules 24 located between theend modules 22 a,b. - In one embodiment, the depth of the various modules may be varied. For example, referring to
FIG. 1 , the modules may have a depth D for supporting a single row of gaming machines. However, the modules may have a depth D which is increased from that illustrated inFIG. 1 . For example, the depth D might be doubled, such as to support two rows of gaming machines in back-to-back relationship. In one embodiment, the modules might be constructed in two or more sizes: one size for constructing gaming machine stands for supporting gaming machines in a single row and another size for constructing gaming machine stands for supporting gaming machine in back-to-back relationship. - A significant advantage of the invention is that a few modules may be created, from which multiple gaming machine stands of different configurations may be generated. This is saves greatly in time and expense in the design and manufacture of the gaming machine stand. This is contrasted with the current method of assembling slot stands where each stand is custom designed, the components thereof are custom created and the time and cost associated with assembling the stand is high because each stand may be unique.
- As indicated, the gaming machine stand 20 may serve as an air delivery device. Air may be delivered to the interior of the
gaming machine stand 20 and then be delivered or routed from the stand. The areas of air flow and the rate of air flow may be varied, such as by using the flow controllers. An advantage of this feature of the gaming machine stand is that fresh conditioned air may be delivered close to the players of the gaming machines. This is contrasted with current air systems where air is delivered through ceiling ducts which are located remote from the players. - It will be understood that the above described arrangements of apparatus and the method there from are merely illustrative of applications of the principles of this invention and many other embodiments and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (17)
1. A gaming machine stand configured to support at least one gaming machine comprising:
a first end module having a first side, an opposing second side, a first end and a second end extending between said first and second sides, said first end being generally closed and said second end generally open, and a generally planar top supported by said first side, said second side and said first end;
a second end module having a first side, an opposing second side, a first end and a second end extending between said first and second sides, said first end being generally closed and said second end generally open, and a generally planar top supported by said first side, said second side and said first end; and
at least one intermediate module located between said first and second end modules, said intermediate module having a first side, an opposing second side, a pair of open ends and a generally planar top;
said at least one intermediate module located between said open second end of said first end module and said open end of said second end module, whereby said first end module, said second end module and said at least one intermediate module define a stand having a generally closed perimeter and a generally planar top for supporting one or more gaming machines thereon.
2. The gaming machine stand in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first and second end modules each comprise a first side member defining said first side of said end module, a second side member defining said second side of said end module and an end member defining said first end of said end module.
3. The gaming machine stand in accordance claim 2 wherein said first and second end modules further comprise a top connected to said first side member, said second side member and said end member and wherein said top comprises a portion of said planar top of said gaming machine stand.
4. The gaming machine stand in accordance with claim 1 wherein one or more vents are defined at the intersection of said at least one intermediate module and said first and second end modules.
5. The gaming machine stand in accordance with claim 4 including an air flow controller associated with said one or more vents.
6. The gaming machine stand in accordance with claim 5 wherein said air flow controller comprises at least one moveable panel, at least two positions of said panel relative to said vent defining different opening sizes of said vent.
7. The gaming machine stand in accordance with claim 1 wherein gaming machine stand has a generally closed interior and said first end module defines at least one opening at said first or second sides to permit access to said interior.
8. The gaming machine in accordance with claim 7 further comprising at least one door associated with said at least one opening for selectively opening and closing said opening.
9. The gaming machine stand in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first end module, second end module and at least one intermediate module define one or more cut-away areas which cooperate to form vents at the intersections of said modules when connected.
10. The gaming machine stand in accordance with claim 1 wherein said gaming machine stand has an open bottom generally opposite said planar top, said open bottom leading into an interior area of said gaming stand.
11. The gaming machine stand in accordance with claim 1 comprising at least two intermediate modules located between said first and second end modules.
12. The gaming machine stand in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first and second end modules and intermediate module are detachably connected to one another.
13. A method of constructing a gaming machine stand configured to support at least one gaming machine comprising the steps of:
providing a first end module having a first side, an opposing second side, a first end and a second end extending between said first and second sides, said first end being generally closed and said second end generally open, and a generally planar top supported by said first side, said second side and said first end;
providing a second end module having a first side, an opposing second side, a first end and a second end extending between said first and second sides, said first end being generally closed and said second end generally open, and a generally planar top supported by said first side, said second side and said first end;
providing at least one intermediate module, said intermediate module having a first side, an opposing second side, a pair of open ends and a generally planar top;
connecting said second end of said first end module to one of said ends of said intermediate module and connecting said second end of said second end module to the other of said ends of said intermediate module, whereby said intermediate module is located between said first end module and said second end module and whereby said first end module, said second end module and said at least one intermediate module define a stand having a generally closed perimeter and a generally planar top for supporting one or more gaming machines thereon.
14. The method in accordance with claim 13 wherein said first and second end modules are connected to said intermediate module with one or more fasteners.
15. The method in accordance with claim 13 further comprising the step of mounting one or more trim elements to said stand.
16. The method in accordance with claim 13 further comprising the step of locating said stand over an air supply whereby air is provided to an interior area of said stand.
17. The method in accordance with claim 13 wherein when said stand defines one or more vents and further comprising the step of controlling an opening position of said one or more vents.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/660,777 US20100227694A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 | 2010-03-03 | Modular gaming machine stand |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US20940609P | 2009-03-05 | 2009-03-05 | |
US12/660,777 US20100227694A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 | 2010-03-03 | Modular gaming machine stand |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20100227694A1 true US20100227694A1 (en) | 2010-09-09 |
Family
ID=42678744
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/660,777 Abandoned US20100227694A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 | 2010-03-03 | Modular gaming machine stand |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100227694A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8012028B1 (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2011-09-06 | Mcnamara Jack | Modular table support system for gaming machines |
Citations (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3500595A (en) * | 1967-10-27 | 1970-03-17 | Flehr Hohbach | Modular building construction unit and column |
US3724141A (en) * | 1970-01-15 | 1973-04-03 | M Kelleher | Modular units, buildings and systems |
US5826882A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-10-27 | Vector Slot Machine Company, L.L.C. | Slot cabinet and base unit therefor |
US6280318B1 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2001-08-28 | International Game Technology | Central forced air cooling of a gaming machine |
US20020006828A1 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-17 | Quasimoto | Arcade style video game adapter system |
US6439992B1 (en) * | 2000-12-26 | 2002-08-27 | James Lee Demeter | Electronic gaming system cooling device |
US6491298B1 (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-12-10 | Igt | Thermal management system for a gaming machine |
US6639797B2 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-28 | Hitachi Ltd. | Computer having cooling device |
US6641483B1 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2003-11-04 | Sierra Design Group | Lockable security cabinet for casino game controllers |
US7241222B2 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2007-07-10 | Cole Industries, Inc. | Air cooling configuration for gaming machine |
US7248472B2 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2007-07-24 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Air distribution system |
US7310737B2 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2007-12-18 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Cooling system for computer systems |
US20080113794A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Cole Joseph W | Modular gaming machine |
US20090054159A1 (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-02-26 | Igt, A Nevada Corporation | Gaming device with modular gaming table components |
US7537520B2 (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2009-05-26 | Arrow International, Inc. | Modular bingo console system with multi-port communications and manual play mode |
US20090253500A1 (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-08 | Aruze Corp. | Gaming System Having Large Display and Plural Gaming Machines |
-
2010
- 2010-03-03 US US12/660,777 patent/US20100227694A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3500595A (en) * | 1967-10-27 | 1970-03-17 | Flehr Hohbach | Modular building construction unit and column |
US3724141A (en) * | 1970-01-15 | 1973-04-03 | M Kelleher | Modular units, buildings and systems |
US5826882A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-10-27 | Vector Slot Machine Company, L.L.C. | Slot cabinet and base unit therefor |
US6641483B1 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2003-11-04 | Sierra Design Group | Lockable security cabinet for casino game controllers |
US6280318B1 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2001-08-28 | International Game Technology | Central forced air cooling of a gaming machine |
US6491298B1 (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-12-10 | Igt | Thermal management system for a gaming machine |
US20020006828A1 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-17 | Quasimoto | Arcade style video game adapter system |
US6439992B1 (en) * | 2000-12-26 | 2002-08-27 | James Lee Demeter | Electronic gaming system cooling device |
US7241222B2 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2007-07-10 | Cole Industries, Inc. | Air cooling configuration for gaming machine |
US6639797B2 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-28 | Hitachi Ltd. | Computer having cooling device |
US7537520B2 (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2009-05-26 | Arrow International, Inc. | Modular bingo console system with multi-port communications and manual play mode |
US7310737B2 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2007-12-18 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Cooling system for computer systems |
US7248472B2 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2007-07-24 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Air distribution system |
US20080113794A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Cole Joseph W | Modular gaming machine |
US20090054159A1 (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-02-26 | Igt, A Nevada Corporation | Gaming device with modular gaming table components |
US20090253500A1 (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-08 | Aruze Corp. | Gaming System Having Large Display and Plural Gaming Machines |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8012028B1 (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2011-09-06 | Mcnamara Jack | Modular table support system for gaming machines |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8172688B2 (en) | Modular gaming machine | |
US5964512A (en) | Cooled display case | |
US8496305B2 (en) | Subwoofer concealing furniture unit | |
US8314367B2 (en) | Assembly for warming towels and the ambient air | |
US8130494B2 (en) | Equipment rack and associated ventilation system | |
US8526181B2 (en) | Cable management system including airflow functionality | |
AU666434B2 (en) | Indoor unit of air conditioner | |
US8134101B2 (en) | Food container | |
US6536157B2 (en) | Portable greenhouse | |
US20050211109A1 (en) | Food container | |
US4753496A (en) | Cabinet with built-in fan | |
US20070197301A1 (en) | Gaming cabinet constructed from connectable components | |
US6857393B2 (en) | Cheshire cat house | |
US11266028B2 (en) | Faux column intermediate distribution frame enclosure | |
US20020060124A1 (en) | Gaming machine cabinet and related methods | |
US20010034987A1 (en) | Floor System | |
US20100227694A1 (en) | Modular gaming machine stand | |
US20070252489A1 (en) | Multi-faceted electronic video display structure for organizing and displaying electronic device components | |
KR200470867Y1 (en) | The lower duct blower cooling system for the communication equipment storage rack for cooling | |
JP4846322B2 (en) | vending machine | |
JP3998078B2 (en) | Refrigerated showcase | |
JP3212972U (en) | Pet booth | |
JPH0722136Y2 (en) | Display cabinet with air conditioning function | |
CN105981078A (en) | Screen frame configuration and screen device | |
KR200347822Y1 (en) | Structure of terrace type bat for driving range |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: COLE KEPRO INTERNATIONAL, LLC, NEVADA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:COLE, JOSEPH W.;COMFORT, EDWARD H.;SIGNING DATES FROM 20100107 TO 20100111;REEL/FRAME:024063/0852 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |