US20050268082A1 - Method and apparatus to boot system from the USB port - Google Patents
Method and apparatus to boot system from the USB port Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050268082A1 US20050268082A1 US11/146,490 US14649005A US2005268082A1 US 20050268082 A1 US20050268082 A1 US 20050268082A1 US 14649005 A US14649005 A US 14649005A US 2005268082 A1 US2005268082 A1 US 2005268082A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- boot
- computer
- instructions
- bios
- usb
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1415—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
- G06F11/1417—Boot up procedures
Definitions
- This invention relates to computer booting instructions, and more particularly to providing the BIOS instructions through a USB bus.
- BIOS does not exist or has been corrupted
- existing systems allow the processor to boot from a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) adapter.
- PCI peripheral component interconnect
- FIG. 2 illustrates the boot path of a computer according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the boot process used by a computer according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the boot path 100 of a typical computer according to the prior art.
- the boot path includes a central processing unit (CPU) 105 , a chipset 110 , and a BIOS EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory) 125 .
- CPU central processing unit
- BIOS EPROM erasable programmable read-only memory
- the CPU 105 is set to execute instructions that are located at the top of the computers memory located within the chipset 110 . At power-up, there are typically no instructions present at these locations. Thus, the computer cycles forward to the BIOS EPROM 125 .
- the BIOS EPROM 125 contains an initial set of boot instructions which are transferred to the chipset 110 .
- the CPU 105 then reads the boot instructions from the chipset 110 and executes the instructions to boot the computer.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the boot path 200 of a computer according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the boot path 200 includes the CPU 105 , a chipset 210 , a Universal Serial Bus (USB) controller 220 , a USB device having BIOS instructions 215 , and the BIOS EPROM 125 .
- the USB controller 220 is a bus master device that can be incorporated within the chipset 210 or may be separate from the chipset 210 .
- the USB controller 220 may follow the USB protocol, or may use a different protocol if desired.
- the USB controller 220 checks the USB port of the computer to determine if any connected USB device contains the BIOS instructions. If the USB device 215 includes BIOS instructions, these instructions are passed via the USB controller 220 through the chipset 210 to the CPU 105 . The CPU 105 can then execute the instructions to boot the computer. Of course, the instructions on the USB port may be used to program the BIOS EPROM 125 in a manner known to one of skill in the art.
- the USB controller may instruct the computer to cycle forward to the BIOS EPROM 125 . If the BIOS EPROM 124 is present and not corrupted, the CPU 105 executes the instructions in the BIOS EPROM 125 to boot the computer.
- the boot process 300 used by a computer is shown in FIG. 3 .
- the process begins in a start state 305 . Proceeding to state 310 , the computer detects whether a USB controller is present. If no USB controller is present, the computer does not attempt the boot process 300 , but proceeds with a normal boot process using the BIOS EPROM.
- the computer attempts to authenticate any device connected to the USB port.
- a bootable device on the USB is capable of reprogramming the BIOS EPROM 125 .
- the authentication procedure ensures that only an authorized device is used. Techniques to accomplish the authentication process are well known in the art, and may include reading a code from the device connected to the USB port, or a challenge and reply system. If the device is not authorized, the computer will not boot using the instruction on the USB device. If the device passed the authentication, the process 300 continues to attempt to boot the computer.
- state 325 the computer determines if a BIOS EPROM is present and non-corrupt. If the BIOS EPROM is corrupted, the computer treats it as if no BIOS EPROM is present. If no BIOS EPROM is present, the process 300 proceeds along the NO branch to an END state 340 . In this situation, the computer is unable to boot due to the lack of BIOS instructions available on either the USB port or the BIOS EPROM.
- state 325 if the BIOS EPROM is present, the process 300 proceeds along the YES branch to state 330 .
- state 330 the initial boot instructions are read into the CPU from the BIOS EPROM.
- the process 300 proceeds to state 335 .
- the CPU 105 executes the initial instructions necessary to boot the computer. After the instructions are executed, the computer will boot-up and the boot process 300 terminates in end state 340 .
- the CPU 105 may be preset to either boot from either the USB port or the BIOS EPROM 125 .
- the CPU 105 may contain an indicator such as a policy bit that directs the CPU 105 to a desired boot path. For example, if the policy bit was set to a logical high, the CPU 105 may boot through the USB port. However, if the policy bit was set to a logical low, the CPU 105 may boot through the BIOS EPROM 125 .
- the use of a boot indicator directs the CPU 105 to a specific boot path regardless of whether a bootable device is connected to the USB port.
Abstract
In one embodiment, a design is described for providing the BIOS instructions to a computer through the USB port. At boot-up, a USB controller checks the USB port for a bootable device containing BIOS instructions. If a bootable device is connected, the USB controller transfers the BIOS instructions through the USB port to the processor. The computer then boots-up using the USB boot instructions. If no bootable device is connected to the USB port, the computer looks to a standard BIOS EPROM for boot instructions.
Description
- This application is a continuation application of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/560,858, filed Apr. 28, 2000.
- This invention relates to computer booting instructions, and more particularly to providing the BIOS instructions through a USB bus.
- The BIOS (basic input/output system) is built-in software that determines what a computer can do without accessing programs from a disk. On PCs, the BIOS contains all the code required to control the keyboard, display screen, disk drives, serial communications, and a number of other functions. The BIOS is typically placed on a writeable chip that comes on the motherboard. This ensures that the BIOS will always be available and will not be damaged by disk failures. The BIOS also contains a boot program that provides the initial instructions to the computer processor at startup. These initial instructions contained in the boot program allow the computer to boot itself.
- If the BIOS does not exist or has been corrupted, existing systems allow the processor to boot from a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) adapter. This requires a user to open the housing of the computer to access the PCI adapter. It is typically undesirable to have a user open the housing of a computer. Even with trained service personnel, it would be more convenient to boot the computer without accessing the PCI adapter. This is especially true with systems having cases that are sealed or difficult to open, such as notebook computers.
- Features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading the following detailed description and upon reference to the accompanying drawings.
-
FIG. 1 illustrates the boot path of a computer according to the prior art. -
FIG. 2 illustrates the boot path of a computer according to one embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the boot process used by a computer according to one embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 1 illustrates theboot path 100 of a typical computer according to the prior art. The boot path includes a central processing unit (CPU) 105, achipset 110, and a BIOS EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory) 125. When a computer is first powered on, an initial set of instructions must be executed to allow the computer to boot itself. TheCPU 105 is set to execute instructions that are located at the top of the computers memory located within thechipset 110. At power-up, there are typically no instructions present at these locations. Thus, the computer cycles forward to theBIOS EPROM 125. The BIOS EPROM 125 contains an initial set of boot instructions which are transferred to thechipset 110. TheCPU 105 then reads the boot instructions from thechipset 110 and executes the instructions to boot the computer. - If the BIOS EPROM 125 is corrupted or missing, the initial set of boot instructions cannot be executed by the
CPU 105. Thus, theCPU 105 is unable to boot the computer. In this circumstance, some computers allow the system to boot from the peripheral component interconnect (PCI) adapter. To accomplish this, hardware having a PCI interface is connected to the PCI bus. Because connections to the PCI bus are located on the computers motherboard, this procedure requires opening the housing of the computer. -
FIG. 2 illustrates theboot path 200 of a computer according to one embodiment of the present invention. Theboot path 200 includes theCPU 105, achipset 210, a Universal Serial Bus (USB)controller 220, a USB device havingBIOS instructions 215, and the BIOS EPROM 125. TheUSB controller 220 is a bus master device that can be incorporated within thechipset 210 or may be separate from thechipset 210. TheUSB controller 220 may follow the USB protocol, or may use a different protocol if desired. - When the computer is powered on, the
USB controller 220 checks the USB port of the computer to determine if any connected USB device contains the BIOS instructions. If theUSB device 215 includes BIOS instructions, these instructions are passed via theUSB controller 220 through thechipset 210 to theCPU 105. TheCPU 105 can then execute the instructions to boot the computer. Of course, the instructions on the USB port may be used to program the BIOS EPROM 125 in a manner known to one of skill in the art. - If none of the devices connected to the USB port include BIOS instructions, the USB controller may instruct the computer to cycle forward to the BIOS EPROM 125. If the BIOS EPROM 124 is present and not corrupted, the
CPU 105 executes the instructions in the BIOS EPROM 125 to boot the computer. - The
boot process 300 used by a computer according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown inFIG. 3 . The process begins in astart state 305. Proceeding tostate 310, the computer detects whether a USB controller is present. If no USB controller is present, the computer does not attempt theboot process 300, but proceeds with a normal boot process using the BIOS EPROM. - Proceeding to
state 312, the computer attempts to authenticate any device connected to the USB port. A bootable device on the USB is capable of reprogramming the BIOS EPROM 125. The authentication procedure ensures that only an authorized device is used. Techniques to accomplish the authentication process are well known in the art, and may include reading a code from the device connected to the USB port, or a challenge and reply system. If the device is not authorized, the computer will not boot using the instruction on the USB device. If the device passed the authentication, theprocess 300 continues to attempt to boot the computer. - Proceeding to
state 315, the USB controller determines whether any of the devices attached to the USB port is a bootable device containing BIOS instructions. The USB port is capable of interfacing many devices to the computer. At startup, the USB controller is only interested in devices that include boot instructions for the computer. If a bootable device is connected to the USB port, theprocess 300 proceeds along the YES branch to state 320. Instate 320, theprocess 300 reads the boot instructions from the bootable USB device. The instructions are read through the USB port via the USB controller. - Returning to
state 315, if no bootable device exists on the USB port, theprocess 300 proceeds along the NO branch to state 325. Instate 325, the computer determines if a BIOS EPROM is present and non-corrupt. If the BIOS EPROM is corrupted, the computer treats it as if no BIOS EPROM is present. If no BIOS EPROM is present, theprocess 300 proceeds along the NO branch to anEND state 340. In this situation, the computer is unable to boot due to the lack of BIOS instructions available on either the USB port or the BIOS EPROM. - Returning to
state 325, if the BIOS EPROM is present, theprocess 300 proceeds along the YES branch tostate 330. Instate 330, the initial boot instructions are read into the CPU from the BIOS EPROM. - After the initial boot instructions are read from either the USB port in
state 320 or the BIOS EPROM instate 330, theprocess 300 proceeds tostate 335. Instate 335, theCPU 105 executes the initial instructions necessary to boot the computer. After the instructions are executed, the computer will boot-up and theboot process 300 terminates inend state 340. - In an alternative embodiment, the
CPU 105 may be preset to either boot from either the USB port or theBIOS EPROM 125. TheCPU 105 may contain an indicator such as a policy bit that directs theCPU 105 to a desired boot path. For example, if the policy bit was set to a logical high, theCPU 105 may boot through the USB port. However, if the policy bit was set to a logical low, theCPU 105 may boot through theBIOS EPROM 125. The use of a boot indicator directs theCPU 105 to a specific boot path regardless of whether a bootable device is connected to the USB port. - Numerous variations and modifications of the invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics.
Claims (1)
1. A device and/or method substantially as shown and described.
Priority Applications (1)
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US11/146,490 US20050268082A1 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2005-06-06 | Method and apparatus to boot system from the USB port |
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US09/560,858 US6920553B1 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2000-04-28 | Method and apparatus for reading initial boot instructions from a bootable device connected to the USB port of a computer system |
US11/146,490 US20050268082A1 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2005-06-06 | Method and apparatus to boot system from the USB port |
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US09/560,858 Continuation US6920553B1 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2000-04-28 | Method and apparatus for reading initial boot instructions from a bootable device connected to the USB port of a computer system |
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US09/560,858 Expired - Lifetime US6920553B1 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2000-04-28 | Method and apparatus for reading initial boot instructions from a bootable device connected to the USB port of a computer system |
US11/146,490 Abandoned US20050268082A1 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2005-06-06 | Method and apparatus to boot system from the USB port |
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US09/560,858 Expired - Lifetime US6920553B1 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2000-04-28 | Method and apparatus for reading initial boot instructions from a bootable device connected to the USB port of a computer system |
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Owner name: INTEL CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:POISNER, DAVID I.;REEL/FRAME:016794/0014 Effective date: 20000905 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
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