US20030093140A1 - Method of implanting a sleeve in a lumen - Google Patents
Method of implanting a sleeve in a lumen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20030093140A1 US20030093140A1 US10/293,122 US29312202A US2003093140A1 US 20030093140 A1 US20030093140 A1 US 20030093140A1 US 29312202 A US29312202 A US 29312202A US 2003093140 A1 US2003093140 A1 US 2003093140A1
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- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- lumen
- providing
- network
- catheter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/92—Stents in the form of a rolled-up sheet expanding after insertion into the vessel, e.g. with a spiral shape in cross-section
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/95—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts
- A61F2/958—Inflatable balloons for placing stents or stent-grafts
Definitions
- the stent in order to place a stent utilizing the balloon angioplasty technology, the stent must necessarily have a sufficiently small external diameter to be moved into the desired area by some means such as a catheter, then to be expanded, both to be held in place by the arterial elasticity and to provide the minimum lumen diameter.
- Prior stents have generally taken the form of wire mesh that is collapsed for placement into the artery, then expanded, either by means of a balloon or by its own elasticity. The stent is generally held in place simply by the arterial elasticity in the first instance, and it has been found that epithelialization takes place throughout the stent so that the entire stent becomes effectively embedded in the vessel wall.
- the prior art stents being woven stainless steel wire or the like tend not to be very flexible longitudinally so that their primary use is in straight portions of vessels. Also, inflation of the balloon is required to expand the wire to its desired size in some cases, while other wire mesh stents tend to take a particular size, and must be held by a sleeve or the like during placement.
- This invention relates generally to protheses, and is more particularly concerned with a prosthesis in the form of a stent to be placed in a vessel for mechanically maintaining an opening.
- This invention provides a stent for maintaining a minimum opening through an artery or the like, the stent being in the form of a sleeve having a discontinuity so the sleeve has a collapsed position to be assumed during placement of the stent, and an expanded position for use in its final location for maintaining the desired opening.
- the stent may be carried by one catheter while a second coaxial catheter in the nature of a conventional balloon catheter is carried therein. This arrangement allows use of the balloon catheter to provide a mechanical opening in the vessel, then to allow the stent to be slipped into place over the balloon. The balloon can then be used to manipulate the stent for any necessary opening of the stent and disengagement of the stent from the coaxial catheter. It is also contemplated that the stent of the present invention can be carried by a single, generally conventional balloon catheter.
- the stent of the present invention may selectively be biased towards a closed position and lockable in an open position, or biased in an open position and lockable in a closed position.
- the stent will be put into place in its collapsed condition, then forcibly expanded by a balloon or the like to the desired locked condition.
- the stent may be held by a pin or the like in its collapsed condition, and the pin removed to allow the stent to assume its open position.
- the stent of the present invention may be made from any numerous materials, including metal or the like, and also including various plastic materials.
- the plastic materials may be simply homogenous molded plastics, or may comprise a plastic covering over a knit or woven mesh.
- the knit or woven mesh may, in turn, be metal or plastic. The precise material can be selected to achieve the desired features of the stent.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one form of stent made in accordance with the present invention and carried by a coaxial catheter;
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line 2 - 2 in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a slightly modified form of stent shown in its open and locked position
- FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view showing the stent of FIG. 3 after expansion beyond its maximum, open position
- FIG. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view, partially in cross-section, showing one form of material for use in constructing the stents of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is an elevational view showing another modified form of stent made in accordance with the present invention, the stent being carried on a catheter;
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line 7 - 7 in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 is a fragmentary view showing the stent of FIG. 7 after expansion
- FIG. 9 is a top plan view of another modified form of stent made in accordance with the present invention, the stent being shown without the carrying catheter;
- FIG. 10 is a bottom plan view of the device shown in FIG. 9;
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line 1111 in FIG. 9.
- FIG. 12 is a view similar to FIG. 11 but showing the stent in its expanded condition.
- FIG. 1 shows a stent generally indicated at 15 , the stent 15 being carried by a catheter 16 .
- the catheter 16 is one of two coaxial catheters, the other catheter 18 being a generally conventional balloon catheter having the balloon 19 at its distal end.
- the stent 15 includes a wall 20 , the wall 20 having sufficient memory that the stent as a whole tends to maintain its collapsed condition.
- One end of the wall 20 is provided with a hook 21 for engagement with one of a plurality of complementary hook means 22 .
- the hook 21 will necessarily be biased outwardly sufficiently that, as the hook 21 is urged past the plurality of hook means 22 , the hook 21 will engage each of the hooks 22 . Because of this arrangement, when the balloon 19 is not further inflated, the hook 21 will remain engaged with one of the hooks 22 to prevent collapse of the stent 15 .
- the stent 15 contains a plurality of generally circumferential ribs 24 . It is contemplated that the ribs 24 will engage the arterial walls sufficiently to prevent inadvertent movement of the stent after placement and removal of the catheter 16 . As will be discussed hereinafter, the stent 15 may also contain a plurality of openings to allow tissue to grow therethrough and further hold the stent 15 in place.
- the stent 25 is a slightly modified form of the stent 15 .
- the stent 25 includes the wall 26 which will be biased towards collapse as is the wall 20 of the stent 15 . Once the stent 25 is urged to its expanded condition, the interlocking hook means 28 will become engaged as shown in FIG. 3 to prevent collapse of the stent 25 and maintain the stent in its maximum, open condition.
- FIG. 5 shows a woven network indicated at 31 .
- This woven network may be metal such as stainless steel or the like, or may be a knit or woven plastic material such as polyester filaments. If the network 31 is made of metal, the intersections can be sonically welded or otherwise heat sealed to one another.
- the network 31 is covered by a plastic material indicated at 32 .
- the material 32 can again be any of numerous materials, so long as the material is implantable. Nevertheless, numerous plastic materials including polyethylene, polyester, polytetraflouroethylene and others can be utilized.
- the network 32 is simply coated with the material 32 so that openings 34 are distributed throughout the material. While the openings 34 are not necessarily so uniformly distributed, it will be understood that the use of a plurality of openings 34 promotes epithelialization to promote incorporation of the stent into the vessel wall.
- FIG. 6 of the drawings there is a stent indicated at 35 carried at the end of a catheter 36 .
- the catheter 36 includes a balloon 38 as is known in the art.
- FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 of the drawings show both plan view and cross-sectional views of the stent 35 .
- the stent 35 is here shown as having a generally smooth wall 40 having a plurality of openings 43 in accordance with the foregoing discussion.
- the wall 40 is biased outwardly towards its maximum diameter; however, for placement by means of the catheter 36 , the stent 35 is urged inwardly to its minimum diameter, and the stent is provided with a first pair of lugs 41 carried on the end 42 of the wall 40 , and second pair of lugs 44 carried generally towards the opposite end 45 of the wall 40 .
- appropriate openings in the lugs 41 and 44 are aligned, and the pin 39 is placed therethrough to hold the stent 35 in its collapsed position.
- the pin 39 will be in the form of a wire that extends along the catheter 36 , contained within a channel 46 .
- the pin 39 will extend to the lug 44 at the distal end of the stent 35 , and it will be understood that the distal end lug 44 may have a hole that does not extend completely through the lug in order to cover the end of the pin 39 .
- the pin 39 then extends the full length of the stent 35 and into the channel 46 .
- the pin 39 extends completely along the length of the catheter 36 so the pin 39 can be manipulated externally of the body so that, at the appropriate moment, the pin 39 can be removed from the lugs 41 and 44 and allow the stent 35 to expand.
- FIGS. 9 - 12 of the drawings show another modified form of stent.
- the stent 50 is similar to the stent 35 in that it is biased outwardly and is forcibly held inward by a pin; however, the stent 50 is considerably different from the stent 35 in that the stent 50 is of a somewhat segmented construction to allow longitudinal flexibility.
- the stent 50 includes a plurality of segments 51 , each segment 51 having a lug 52 thereon for receipt of a pin 54 .
- the segments 51 are interspersed with segments 56 on the opposite side of the pin 54 , the segments 56 having lugs 58 thereon.
- FIGS. 9 - 12 of the drawings are not shown in conjunction with a catheter, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the stent will be put into place using an arrangement such as that shown in FIG. 6 of the drawings.
- the catheter 36 and wire channel 46 would be the same, the specific stent being the only difference.
- FIG. 11 of the drawings shows the cross-sectional shape of the stent 50 while the stent is held in its closed, or collapsed, condition by the pin 54 .
- the stent 50 will expand to the condition shown in FIG. 12 of the drawings.
- a balloon such as the balloon 38 , may be utilized to assist in urging the walls of the stent outwardly to the desired position.
- the material from which the stent 50 is made may be any of the numerous materials previously mentioned, including the material shown in FIG. 5 of the drawings. Because the stent 50 is made up of a plurality of individual segments 51 and 56 , there is no particular need for additional openings in the wall of the stent, the spaces between the segments providing adequate openings for initial fluid drainage and subsequent epithelialization.
- FIGS. 10 and 12 illustrate the inclusion of a filament 60 in the wall of the stent.
- the purpose of the filament 60 is to show that the stent 50 can be made of a plastic material having sufficient memory to be urged to the open condition as shown in FIG. 12; or, the stent 50 can be made of a relatively flaccid fabric or the like having spring filaments 60 embedded therein for urging the stent 50 to its open position.
- the stent 50 can be made entirely of metal, including well known alloys of platinum and gold, or chromium and cobalt.
- the present invention provides an arterial stent and a method for placing the stent for preventing re-stenosis following angioplasty or other mechanical opening of the lumen in an artery. While several specific designs and materials have been disclosed, those skilled in the art will recognize that the materials must be implantable, and all portions of the stent must be sufficiently smooth to prevent trauma during placement. Further, all corners and the like should be well rounded to promote epithelialization without subsequent trauma due to the presence of sharp edges during natural body motions.
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- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
A prosthesis for use in preventing restenosis after angioplasty is formed of plastic or sheet metal. It is expandable and contractable for placement. The prosthesis can be inserted while in a collapsed position, then expanded and locked in the larger diameter. Spring force can be provided by the material itself or metal springs can be imbedded within the walls of the prosthesis. Preferably, the walls have holes therethrough to promote tissue growth; and, in one embodiment the holes are in the form of slots so that the prosthesis is segmented and can bend longitudinally.
Description
- There has been considerable use of balloon angioplasty due to stenosis in arteries having atherosclerotic plaque and the like in an effort to enlarge the lumen and to provide adequate blood flow. While such angioplasty has been successful, it has been found that in many cases re-stenosis requires that the procedure be repeated.
- More recently, there have been efforts at following the balloon angioplasty with placement of a stent, the stent being in the nature of a sleeve that will mechanically maintain some minimum lumen diameter.
- It will be obvious that, in order to place a stent utilizing the balloon angioplasty technology, the stent must necessarily have a sufficiently small external diameter to be moved into the desired area by some means such as a catheter, then to be expanded, both to be held in place by the arterial elasticity and to provide the minimum lumen diameter. Prior stents have generally taken the form of wire mesh that is collapsed for placement into the artery, then expanded, either by means of a balloon or by its own elasticity. The stent is generally held in place simply by the arterial elasticity in the first instance, and it has been found that epithelialization takes place throughout the stent so that the entire stent becomes effectively embedded in the vessel wall.
- The prior art stents, being woven stainless steel wire or the like tend not to be very flexible longitudinally so that their primary use is in straight portions of vessels. Also, inflation of the balloon is required to expand the wire to its desired size in some cases, while other wire mesh stents tend to take a particular size, and must be held by a sleeve or the like during placement.
- This invention relates generally to protheses, and is more particularly concerned with a prosthesis in the form of a stent to be placed in a vessel for mechanically maintaining an opening.
- This invention provides a stent for maintaining a minimum opening through an artery or the like, the stent being in the form of a sleeve having a discontinuity so the sleeve has a collapsed position to be assumed during placement of the stent, and an expanded position for use in its final location for maintaining the desired opening. In one embodiment of the invention, the stent may be carried by one catheter while a second coaxial catheter in the nature of a conventional balloon catheter is carried therein. This arrangement allows use of the balloon catheter to provide a mechanical opening in the vessel, then to allow the stent to be slipped into place over the balloon. The balloon can then be used to manipulate the stent for any necessary opening of the stent and disengagement of the stent from the coaxial catheter. It is also contemplated that the stent of the present invention can be carried by a single, generally conventional balloon catheter.
- The stent of the present invention may selectively be biased towards a closed position and lockable in an open position, or biased in an open position and lockable in a closed position. In the former case, the stent will be put into place in its collapsed condition, then forcibly expanded by a balloon or the like to the desired locked condition. In the latter case, the stent may be held by a pin or the like in its collapsed condition, and the pin removed to allow the stent to assume its open position.
- The stent of the present invention may be made from any numerous materials, including metal or the like, and also including various plastic materials. The plastic materials may be simply homogenous molded plastics, or may comprise a plastic covering over a knit or woven mesh. The knit or woven mesh may, in turn, be metal or plastic. The precise material can be selected to achieve the desired features of the stent.
- These and other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from consideration of the following specification when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one form of stent made in accordance with the present invention and carried by a coaxial catheter;
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line2-2 in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a slightly modified form of stent shown in its open and locked position;
- FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view showing the stent of FIG. 3 after expansion beyond its maximum, open position;
- FIG. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view, partially in cross-section, showing one form of material for use in constructing the stents of the present invention;
- FIG. 6 is an elevational view showing another modified form of stent made in accordance with the present invention, the stent being carried on a catheter;
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line7-7 in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 is a fragmentary view showing the stent of FIG. 7 after expansion;
- FIG. 9 is a top plan view of another modified form of stent made in accordance with the present invention, the stent being shown without the carrying catheter;
- FIG. 10 is a bottom plan view of the device shown in FIG. 9;
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line1111 in FIG. 9; and
- FIG. 12 is a view similar to FIG. 11 but showing the stent in its expanded condition.
- Referring now more particularly to the drawings, and those embodiments of the invention here presented by way of illustration, FIG. 1 shows a stent generally indicated at15, the
stent 15 being carried by acatheter 16. Thecatheter 16 is one of two coaxial catheters, theother catheter 18 being a generally conventional balloon catheter having theballoon 19 at its distal end. - It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, in conventional, balloon angioplasty, a catheter such as the
catheter 18 is threaded through the arterial system to place the balloon at the location of the stenosis. Theballoon 19 is then inflated to urge the arterial wall outwardly and open the lumen in the artery. This same technique will be utilized with the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 of the drawings, theballoon 19 acting to perform the angioplasty; however, after the vessel is sufficiently open by means of theballoon 19, thecoaxial catheter 16 will be manipulated to urge thestent 15 in place over theballoon 19. After thestent 15 is over theballoon 19, theballoon 19 will be inflated to urge the stent outwardly to its opened condition. - Referring to FIG. 2 of the drawings, it will be seen that the
stent 15 includes awall 20, thewall 20 having sufficient memory that the stent as a whole tends to maintain its collapsed condition. One end of thewall 20 is provided with ahook 21 for engagement with one of a plurality of complementary hook means 22. Thehook 21 will necessarily be biased outwardly sufficiently that, as thehook 21 is urged past the plurality of hook means 22, thehook 21 will engage each of thehooks 22. Because of this arrangement, when theballoon 19 is not further inflated, thehook 21 will remain engaged with one of thehooks 22 to prevent collapse of thestent 15. - It will also be noticed that the
stent 15 contains a plurality of generallycircumferential ribs 24. It is contemplated that theribs 24 will engage the arterial walls sufficiently to prevent inadvertent movement of the stent after placement and removal of thecatheter 16. As will be discussed hereinafter, thestent 15 may also contain a plurality of openings to allow tissue to grow therethrough and further hold thestent 15 in place. - Looking now at FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawings, it will be seen that the
stent 25 is a slightly modified form of thestent 15. Thestent 25 includes thewall 26 which will be biased towards collapse as is thewall 20 of thestent 15. Once thestent 25 is urged to its expanded condition, the interlocking hook means 28 will become engaged as shown in FIG. 3 to prevent collapse of thestent 25 and maintain the stent in its maximum, open condition. - It will be understood that there may be times when the stent is improperly placed, or for other reasons must be removed. With the
stent 25, theends wall 26 are so biased that, when thestent 25 is expanded so far that theends end 29 will move inwardly and theend 30 will move outwardly. On subsequent release of thestent 25, thewalls stent 25 will collapse to its minimum external diameter. - Though many different materials may be utilized in forming the stents of the present invention, one form of material is illustrated in FIG. 5 of the drawings. In FIG. 5 there is a woven network indicated at31. This woven network may be metal such as stainless steel or the like, or may be a knit or woven plastic material such as polyester filaments. If the
network 31 is made of metal, the intersections can be sonically welded or otherwise heat sealed to one another. - Following provision of the
network 31, thenetwork 31 is covered by a plastic material indicated at 32. Thematerial 32 can again be any of numerous materials, so long as the material is implantable. Nevertheless, numerous plastic materials including polyethylene, polyester, polytetraflouroethylene and others can be utilized. - As illustrated in FIG. 5, the
network 32 is simply coated with thematerial 32 so thatopenings 34 are distributed throughout the material. While theopenings 34 are not necessarily so uniformly distributed, it will be understood that the use of a plurality ofopenings 34 promotes epithelialization to promote incorporation of the stent into the vessel wall. - Turning now to FIG. 6 of the drawings, there is a stent indicated at35 carried at the end of a
catheter 36. Thecatheter 36 includes aballoon 38 as is known in the art. - While the above described stents have been biased inwardly and have been forced outwardly, the
stent 35 is biased outwardly and is forced inwardly and retained by means of apin 39. For a full understanding of thestent 35, attention is directed to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 of the drawings which show both plan view and cross-sectional views of thestent 35. - The
stent 35 is here shown as having a generallysmooth wall 40 having a plurality of openings 43 in accordance with the foregoing discussion. Thewall 40 is biased outwardly towards its maximum diameter; however, for placement by means of thecatheter 36, thestent 35 is urged inwardly to its minimum diameter, and the stent is provided with a first pair oflugs 41 carried on theend 42 of thewall 40, and second pair oflugs 44 carried generally towards theopposite end 45 of thewall 40. When thewall 40 is urged inwardly to collapse thestent 35, appropriate openings in thelugs pin 39 is placed therethrough to hold thestent 35 in its collapsed position. - As is shown in FIG. 6 of the drawings, it is contemplated that the
pin 39 will be in the form of a wire that extends along thecatheter 36, contained within a channel 46. With this arrangement, thepin 39 will extend to thelug 44 at the distal end of thestent 35, and it will be understood that thedistal end lug 44 may have a hole that does not extend completely through the lug in order to cover the end of thepin 39. Thepin 39 then extends the full length of thestent 35 and into the channel 46. While not here illustrated, it will be understood that thepin 39 extends completely along the length of thecatheter 36 so thepin 39 can be manipulated externally of the body so that, at the appropriate moment, thepin 39 can be removed from thelugs stent 35 to expand. - As here shown, when the
stent 35 expands, the ends 42 and 45 will remain overlapped to some extent. If desired, interlockinggrooves stent 35 has a relatively fixed expanded diameter. - Attention is next directed to FIGS.9-12 of the drawings which show another modified form of stent. The
stent 50 is similar to thestent 35 in that it is biased outwardly and is forcibly held inward by a pin; however, thestent 50 is considerably different from thestent 35 in that thestent 50 is of a somewhat segmented construction to allow longitudinal flexibility. - In the top plan view shown in FIG. 9 of the drawings, it will be seen that the
stent 50 includes a plurality ofsegments 51, eachsegment 51 having alug 52 thereon for receipt of apin 54. Thesegments 51 are interspersed withsegments 56 on the opposite side of thepin 54, thesegments 56 havinglugs 58 thereon. As is better shown in FIG. 10 of the drawings, there is a generallycontinuous spine 59 extending along the bottom of thestent 50 and interconnecting all of thesegments stent 50 will be readily bendable along its longitudinal axis, the bending being resisted only by the relativelynarrow spine 59. Furthermore, it will be understood that theindividual segments - Though the
stent 50 in FIGS. 9-12 of the drawings is not shown in conjunction with a catheter, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the stent will be put into place using an arrangement such as that shown in FIG. 6 of the drawings. Thecatheter 36 and wire channel 46 would be the same, the specific stent being the only difference. - FIG. 11 of the drawings shows the cross-sectional shape of the
stent 50 while the stent is held in its closed, or collapsed, condition by thepin 54. When thepin 54 is removed, thestent 50 will expand to the condition shown in FIG. 12 of the drawings. It will of course be recognized that a balloon, such as theballoon 38, may be utilized to assist in urging the walls of the stent outwardly to the desired position. - The material from which the
stent 50 is made may be any of the numerous materials previously mentioned, including the material shown in FIG. 5 of the drawings. Because thestent 50 is made up of a plurality ofindividual segments - Simply by way of example, FIGS. 10 and 12 illustrate the inclusion of a
filament 60 in the wall of the stent. The purpose of thefilament 60 is to show that thestent 50 can be made of a plastic material having sufficient memory to be urged to the open condition as shown in FIG. 12; or, thestent 50 can be made of a relatively flaccid fabric or the like havingspring filaments 60 embedded therein for urging thestent 50 to its open position. Also, thestent 50 can be made entirely of metal, including well known alloys of platinum and gold, or chromium and cobalt. - From the foregoing discussion it will be understood that the present invention provides an arterial stent and a method for placing the stent for preventing re-stenosis following angioplasty or other mechanical opening of the lumen in an artery. While several specific designs and materials have been disclosed, those skilled in the art will recognize that the materials must be implantable, and all portions of the stent must be sufficiently smooth to prevent trauma during placement. Further, all corners and the like should be well rounded to promote epithelialization without subsequent trauma due to the presence of sharp edges during natural body motions.
- It will of course be understood by those skilled in the art that the particular embodiments of the invention here presented are by way of illustration only, and are meant to be in no way restrictive; therefore, numerous changes and modifications may be made, and the full use of equivalents resorted to, without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as outlined in the appended claims.
Claims (21)
1. A method of maintaining a minimum opening in a lumen of an animal or human body comprising:
providing a sleeve that is biased toward a radially collapsed position,
providing a catheter,
mounting the sleeve in its radially collapsed position on the catheter,
inserting the catheter with the collapsed sleeve mounted thereon into a lumen of an animal body,
carrying the sleeve in its collapsed position with the catheter along the length of the lumen to a position in the lumen where the minimum opening in the lumen is to be established,
radially expanding the catheter inside the sleeve,
radially expanding the sleeve in response to the radial expansion of the catheter in the position of the lumen where the minimum opening in the lumen is to be established,
radially expanding the lumen in response to the radial expansion of the sleeve,
maintaining the sleeve in its radially expanded position,
collapsing the catheter inside the sleeve, and
withdrawing the catheter from the sleeve and from the lumen.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of providing a catheter comprises providing a catheter with a balloon at its distal end, and the step of radially expanding the catheter comprises inflating the balloon.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sleeve when in its collapsed position defines a longitudinal gap and the sleeve is in the form of a coil, and wherein the step of radially expanding the sleeve comprises transforming the sleeve from its coiled position into a cylindrical position.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the step of radially expanding the sleeve comprises expanding then sleeve to a predetermined circumference.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the sleeve has ends adjacent its gap, and the step of maintaining the sleeve in its radially expanded position comprises locking the ends of the sleeve together.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the step of locking the ends of the sleeve together comprises placing the ends of the sleeve in overlying relationship, and locking the ends of the sleeve together in overlying relationship.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the sleeve has connectors on at least one of its ends, and wherein the step of locking the ends of the sleeve together comprises locking the connectors to the ends to establish the sleeve in a position of a predetermined circumference.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of providing a sleeve comprises providing a sleeve with a network of openings formed therein, and further including the step of covering the openings with epithelial tissue from the lumen.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of providing a sleeve comprises providing a sleeve having a network, and a covering applied to the network, with the network and covering defining a plurality of openings, and further including the step of forming epithelial tissue about the openings.
10. The method of claim 1 , and further including the step of preventing re-stenosis in the lumen about the sleeve.
11. A method of maintaining a minimum opening in a lumen of an animal or human body, comprising:
providing a sleeve having a network defining openings, a network, and a coating applied to the network, with said sleeve biased toward a radially collapsed position,
carrying the sleeve in its collapsed position along the length of a lumen to a position in the lumen where the minimum opening in the lumen is to be established,
radially expanding the sleeve,
radially expanding the lumen in response to the expansion of the sleeve,
locking the sleeve in its radially expanded position, and
covering the openings with epithelial tissue.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the step of locking the sleeve in its radially expanded position comprises locking the sleeve to itself in response to radially expanding the sleeve.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the step of providing a sleeve having a network defining openings in the sleeve includes providing a covering applied to the network, with the network and covering defining a plurality of openings, and further including the step of forming epithelial tissue about the openings.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the step of providing a sleeve comprises providing a sleeve that defines a longitudinal gap with said sleeve formed in a coil and with first and second ends adjacent the gap, and a hook means on the first end facing the second end, and first and second hook means on the second end facing the first end, and wherein the step of locking the sleeve comprises engaging the hook means of said first end with the first hook means of the second end to expand the sleeve to a first diameter, and engaging the hook means of the first end with the second hook means of the second end to expand the sleeve top a second diameter.
15. The method of claim 14 , and further including the step of opening the sleeve by expanding the sleeve so that its ends move beyond each other and collapsing the sleeve with the hook means of each sleeve end facing away from the opposite sleeve end.
16. The method of claim 11 , and further including the step of retarding movement of the sleeve along the length of the lumen in response to expanding the sleeve.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein the step of providing a sleeve comprises providing a sleeve having circumferential ribs, and the step of expanding the sleeve comprises expanding the circumferential ribs into contact with the lumen, and retarding movement of the sleeve along the length of the lumen with engagement of the ribs with the lumen.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein the step of providing a sleeve with a network comprises providing a sleeve with a woven network with intersections connected together.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the step of providing a sleeve with a network comprises providing a sleeve with a woven network of steel, and a covering formed about the steel, and the step of radially expanding the sleeve comprises engaging the lumen with the covering.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the covering defines openings therein, and promoting epithelialization of the lumen about the sleeve, and promoting incorporation of the sleeve into the lumen.
21. A method of prevention of re-stenosis, comprising:
providing a sleeve formed in by a network of material and a coating applied to the network, leaving openings throughout the sleeve,
inserting a sleeve in a lumen in an area where the prevention of re-stenosis is desired,
expanding the sleeve in the lumen and expanding the lumen in response to the expansion of the sleeve,
as the sleeve expands contacting the lumen with the coating,
promoting epithelialization of the lumen about the coating.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/293,122 US20030093140A1 (en) | 1987-12-08 | 2002-11-13 | Method of implanting a sleeve in a lumen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/129,834 US6974475B1 (en) | 1987-12-08 | 1987-12-08 | Angioplasty stent |
US10/293,122 US20030093140A1 (en) | 1987-12-08 | 2002-11-13 | Method of implanting a sleeve in a lumen |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/129,834 Division US6974475B1 (en) | 1987-12-08 | 1987-12-08 | Angioplasty stent |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20030093140A1 true US20030093140A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
Family
ID=22441826
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/129,834 Active 2025-06-03 US6974475B1 (en) | 1987-12-08 | 1987-12-08 | Angioplasty stent |
US08/578,504 Expired - Lifetime US5824038A (en) | 1987-12-08 | 1995-12-26 | Angioplasty stent |
US10/293,122 Abandoned US20030093140A1 (en) | 1987-12-08 | 2002-11-13 | Method of implanting a sleeve in a lumen |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/129,834 Active 2025-06-03 US6974475B1 (en) | 1987-12-08 | 1987-12-08 | Angioplasty stent |
US08/578,504 Expired - Lifetime US5824038A (en) | 1987-12-08 | 1995-12-26 | Angioplasty stent |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US6974475B1 (en) |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004027108A1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-29 | Osypka, Peter, Dr.-Ing. | Implantable vascular support, useful as sleeve for blood vessels that are expanded by a balloon catheter, is expandable in two stages |
DE102004027108B4 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2009-01-22 | Osypka, Peter, Dr. Ing. | Implantable vascular support, which is expandable in at least two steps |
DE102005029049A1 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2006-12-28 | Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin | Stent e.g. for implanting in human or animal vessel, has hollow cylindrical body with braiding around periphery of it and braiding has large opening enabling inside of hollow cylindrical body to be accessed by peripheral surface |
DE102007031796A1 (en) * | 2007-07-07 | 2009-01-08 | WRW Consulting GbR (Vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter: Dr. Walter Reith, 66424 Homburg) | Radially expandable system for use in body tubes |
US20100179640A1 (en) * | 2007-07-07 | 2010-07-15 | Walter Reith | Radially Expandable System For Use In Body Tubes |
US8696734B2 (en) | 2007-07-07 | 2014-04-15 | Wrw Consulting Gbr | Radially expandable system for use in body tubes |
US20110251663A1 (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2011-10-13 | Medtronic Vascular, Inc. | Drug Eluting Rolled Stent and Stent Delivery System |
US8636811B2 (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2014-01-28 | Medtronic Vascular, Inc. | Drug eluting rolled stent and stent delivery system |
Also Published As
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US6974475B1 (en) | 2005-12-13 |
US5824038A (en) | 1998-10-20 |
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