US20010047208A1 - Spinal implant surface configuration - Google Patents
Spinal implant surface configuration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20010047208A1 US20010047208A1 US09/921,844 US92184401A US2001047208A1 US 20010047208 A1 US20010047208 A1 US 20010047208A1 US 92184401 A US92184401 A US 92184401A US 2001047208 A1 US2001047208 A1 US 2001047208A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- implant
- spinal implant
- facet
- bone
- rearward
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/442—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
- A61F2002/2817—Bone stimulation by chemical reactions or by osteogenic or biological products for enhancing ossification, e.g. by bone morphogenetic or morphogenic proteins [BMP] or by transforming growth factors [TGF]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30182—Other shapes
- A61F2002/30187—D-shaped or half-disc-shaped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30593—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for hollow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30772—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
- A61F2002/30777—Oblong apertures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30772—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
- A61F2002/30784—Plurality of holes
- A61F2002/30787—Plurality of holes inclined obliquely with respect to each other
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30841—Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
- A61F2002/30843—Pyramidally-shaped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30904—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves serrated profile, i.e. saw-toothed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0028—Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
- A61F2230/0034—D-shaped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00017—Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00023—Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
- A61F2310/00293—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures containing a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. apatite
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00359—Bone or bony tissue
Definitions
- the present invention relates to interbody spinal implants for placement between adjacent vertebral bodies of a human spine, and more specifically to a specialized surface for such interbody implants, for engaging the adjacent vertebral bodies.
- Vital to the functioning of all interbody spinal implants is their ability to remain properly located within the spine after installation.
- Michelson described the use of surface roughenings, such as knurling or ratcheting on the opposed upper and lower vertebral body engaging surfaces of interbody spinal fusion implants. Knurling has been particularly beneficial for increasing the grip of the implant surface to the adjacent vertebral bodies in a rather uniform manner without a directional bias.
- ratcheting as used herein is defined as a plurality of angular teeth or ridges or protrusions projecting from the surface of an implant to resist motion of the implant at least in one direction.
- forward facing ratchetings as used herein is defined as a ratcheting having at least one forward facing facet having a length greater than a rearward facing facet and an angle from the implant surface from which the forward facing facet arises that is less steep than the angle of the rearward facet.
- forward facing ratchetings facilitate the insertion of the implant in one direction and after insertion, resisting movement of the implant in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion.
- An example of forward facing ratchetings of the prior art is shown in partial fragmentary view in FIGS. 24A and 24B, generally referred to by the reference numeral 50.
- Knurled surfaces of the related art provide some stability in all directions, but lack the ability to resist a particular direction of motion preferentially.
- the above-described ratcheted surface best resists motion in a particular direction.
- an improved interbody spinal implant surface configuration wherein the opposed upper and lower vertebral body engaging surfaces of the implant are configured to be resistant to implant movement in all directions, and preferentially or in particularly in one direction.
- the present invention relates to interbody spinal implants having a specialized surface configuration on the opposed exterior surfaces adapted for engaging the vertebral bodies adjacent a disc space into which the interbody implant is to be implanted.
- Such an implant surface configuration has utility with a wide variety of shapes of interbody spinal implants where enhanced skeletal fixation is desired.
- Such an implant surface configuration can provide for enhanced stability, increased surface area, and a surface for the delivery of fusion promoting substances other than bone.
- the implant surface can provide for resisting motion in all directions, and particularly in at least one direction, such as counter to the direction of insertion of the implant.
- the surface configuration incorporates a plurality of spatially integrated surface projections having at least one forward facing facet directed at least in part toward the leading end of the implant and at least one rearward portion directed at least in part toward the opposite trailing end of the implant.
- the rearward portion may be a facet, a line, or an edge of the rearward aspect of the surface projection formed where two facets come together.
- Each of the forward and rearward facets have a length and a slope. The length of the forward facet is longer than the length of the rearward facet. The slope of the rearward facet is steeper than the slope of the forward facet.
- the surface projections also have opposed side facets directed generally toward the sides of the implant.
- the side facets are located between the forward facet and rearward facet and may converge toward each other in a direction away from the base of the surface projections.
- the surface comprises multifaceted ratcheted projections that are organized in geometrically disposed fields or arrays which are at a minimum located on at least a portion of the opposed vertebral body engaging surfaces of the implant. From the teachings disclosed herein, it is appreciated that the surface projections can be geometrically arranged in a pattern wherein at least a portion of the projection is aligned along a longitudinal, horizontal, diagonal, or curved line.
- the upper and lower surfaces of the implant can be at least in part arcuate or planar and can converge along a portion or all of the length of the implant.
- the rearward facets of the surface projections can be perpendicular or at angles greater or less than 90 degrees to at least one of the upper or lower surfaces of the implant from which the projections arise.
- the opposed side facets of the surface projections can have at least a first portion in a plane at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the implant.
- the opposed side facets can intersect each other, and can converge to form a peak at the top of each of the surface projections.
- the peaks can be aligned along lines that are perpendicular, parallel, or diagonal to the longitudinal axis of the implant.
- the surface projections can be cleaved such as by longitudinal and/or horizontal cuts to increase the number of exposed sides of the projections and thus increase the available surface area to contact and engage the bone of the adjacent vertebral bodies and increase the number of recessed areas to contain fusion promoting substances.
- the peaks of each surface projection can be cleaved, truncated, or flaftened at least in part.
- the surface projections can include a left forward side facet and a right forward side facet directed toward the leading end and sides, respectively, of the implant. Similarly, the surface projections can include a left rearward side facet and a right rearward side facet directed toward the trailing end and sides, respectively, of the implant.
- the side facets of adjacent surface projections can be spaced apart to define a groove therebetween.
- a plurality of adjacent surface projections can be spaced apart to form a plurality of grooves that can be parallel or at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the implant, wherein the angle can be less than 90 degrees.
- the grooves can have a horizontal cross section that is a V-shape, U-shape, or a box-like shape, for example.
- Sequential projections can be positioned on an implant wherein each surface projection has forward facing facets facing the same direction, such that consecutive projections are oriented forward facing facet to rearward facing facet.
- the lower most portion of the slope of the forward facing facet of a first surface projection in a sequence can be coincident with the rearward facet of the next surface projection in the sequence.
- the forward facet of a first surface projection and the rearward facet of the next surface projection in a sequence can be spaced apart and the space can be at least in part flat, curved, or any other surface contour suitable for the intended use.
- the surface projections can be oriented relative to one another to form fields or arrays that further can be geometrically disposed relative to one another, preferably in a pattern wherein at least a portion of the projection is aligned along a longitudinal, horizontal, diagonal, or curved line.
- the surface configuration of the present invention can be formed by casting, machining, or any other techniques known to one of ordinary skill in the art.
- the present surface configuration may readily be machined by milling the implant surface from side to side, across the upper and lower vertebral body engaging surfaces, to form ratchetings generally disposed perpendicular to the long axis of the implant and generally formed facing to the insertion end of the implant.
- the ratchetings may be cross machined with an angled cutting face to form grooves passing through the ratchetings.
- a milling machine having a cutting tool, with a V-shaped profile can be run through the plurality of ratchetings parallel to the longitudinal axis of the implant to form the above-described surface.
- the V-shaped cutting tool of the milling machine has opposed cuffing faces with an angle of approximately 90 degrees to each other, which faces are each at a 45-degree angle to the plane of the surfaces being machined.
- the angle of the cutting faces can be more or less than 90 degrees
- the angle of the cutting face to the surface to be cut can be more or less than 45 degrees.
- the cutting element could be run at some other angle.
- this angle could be at 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the implant and to the projections.
- Each surface projection could then be formed by a cutter crossing in two passes to form two grooves at a 90 degree angle to each other.
- the surface of the present invention for engaging each of the adjacent vertebral bodies may be incorporated into various types of spinal implants.
- spinal implants may be for the purpose of achieving interbody spinal fusion, or for stabilizing a device to space apart and allow motion between the adjacent vertebral bodies.
- spinal implants may comprise any artificial or naturally occurring material appropriate for the intended purpose. Such materials would include, but are not limited to, implant quality metals, including, but not limited to, titanium and its alloys, surgical grade plastics and plastic composites which may or may not be bioresorbable, ceramics, and cortical bone.
- Some examples of interbody spinal implants that may benefit from the present teaching include but are not limited to the following patents and applications by Michelson which are incorporated by reference herein: U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,015,247; 5,522,899; 5,593,409; 5,609,635; 5,860,973; and U.S. application Ser. No. 08/480,904.
- FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an interbody spinal implant having a surface configuration in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of the spinal implant of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of the interbody spinal implant of FIG. 1 installed in an implantation site formed across the disc space between two adjacent vertebral bodies of the spine shown in partial cross-section.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of an implant surface of one embodiment of the present invention from a view taken along area 4 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the implant surface of FIG. 4 from a view taken along area 5 of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 6 is a fragmentary end elevation view of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 7 is a fragmentary perspective view of the implant surface of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of a second embodiment of the implant surface of the present invention from a view taken along area 8 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 9 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the implant surface of FIG. 8 from a view taken along area 9 of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 10 is a fragmentary end view of the implant surface of FIG. 8.
- FIG. 11 is a fragmentary perspective view of the implant surface of FIG. 8.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of a third embodiment of the implant surface of the present invention from a view taken along area 12 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 13 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the implant surface of FIG. 12 from a view taken along area 13 of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 14 is a fragmentary end view of FIG. 12.
- FIG. 15 is a fragmentary perspective view of the implant surface of FIG. 12.
- FIG. 16 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of a fourth embodiment of the implant surface of the present invention from a view taken along area 16 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 17 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the implant surface of FIG. 16 from a view taken along area 17 of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 18 is a fragmentary end view of FIG. 16.
- FIG. 19A is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of the implant surface of FIG. 16.
- FIG. 19B is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of a variation on the second and third surface projections of the fourth embodiment of the implant surface of the present invention with a cleave therethrough.
- FIG. 20 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of a fifth embodiment of the implant surface of the present invention from a view taken along area 20 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 21 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the implant surface of FIG. 20 from a view taken along line 21 of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 22 is a fragmentary end view of FIG. 20.
- FIG. 23 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of the implant surface of FIG. 20.
- FIGS. 24A and 24B are perspective and side elevation views, respectively, of a prior art implant surface having forward facing ratchetings.
- an interbody spinal implant 100 has a leading end 102 , a trailing end 104 , an upper surface 106 , a lower surface 108 , and a side wall 110 between upper and lower surfaces 106 , 108 .
- Upper and lower surfaces 106 , 108 may converge from trailing end 104 to leading end 102 along a longitudinal axis L of implant 100 as shown, or may diverge, be parallel, or any combination thereof.
- Upper and lower surfaces 106 , 108 are configured to be placed against and in contact or engagement with the bone of vertebral bodies V of two adjacent vertebrae adjacent disc D of the human spine.
- Upper and lower surfaces 106 , 108 and side wall 110 may include large and/or small openings 112 , 114 , and 116 , respectively, to permit bone growth into and through implant 100 .
- Upper and lower surfaces 106 , 108 of implant 100 can be generally planar as shown in the figures, or can be opposed arcuate surfaces as shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,593,409, incorporated herein by reference, or any other configuration suitable for the desired use.
- surface configuration 120 includes surface projections 122 configured to facilitate insertion of implant 100 into an implantation site while resisting expulsion of implant 100 in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion.
- Each of surface projections 122 has an angled forward facet 124 directed at least in part toward leading end 102 of implant 100 and a rearward facet 126 directed at least in part toward trailing end 104 of implant 100 .
- Forward facet 124 has a length greater than the length of rearward facet 126 .
- Rearward facet 126 has a slope that is steeper than the slope of forward facet 124 .
- the base of rearward facet 126 forms an angle of approximately 90 degrees with respect to upper and/or lower surfaces 106 , 108 of implant 100 . It is appreciated that the angle of the base of rearward facet 126 with respect to upper and/or lower surfaces 106 , 108 of implant 100 may be perpendicular to, greater than perpendicular to, or less than perpendicular to the base of the surface where the facet arises.
- Forward facet 124 forms an angle in the range of approximately 10 to 60 degrees, with 25-45 degrees being preferred, with respect to upper and/or lower surfaces 106 , 108 .
- Each one of surface projections 122 also has a left side facet 132 and a right side facet 134 directed toward the sides of implant 100 .
- a plurality of surface projections 122 are spaced apart laterally (side to side) by longitudinal grooves 130 formed along the longitudinal axis L of implant 100 .
- longitudinal grooves 130 have a V-shaped horizontal cross-section.
- the lower most portions of left and right side facets 132 , 134 of consecutive side-by-side projections 122 can be coincident with each other or may be spaced apart, any space therebetween can be at least in part flat, curved, sloped or otherwise configured.
- Each surface projection 122 has left and right side facets 132 , 134 that converge to form a high point or peak 136 at the top of each surface projection 122 .
- Each peak 136 can be aligned along lines that are perpendicular, parallel, and/or diagonally oriented to longitudinal axis L of implant 100 .
- the left and right side facets 132 , 134 resist side-to-side motion of implant 100 after it is inserted into the implantation space.
- Peaks 136 engage the bone of vertebral bodies V adjacent to implant 100 in the implantation site.
- the peaks may be modified such as to be truncated or cut off to have a broader rather than shaper upper most surface.
- the peaks can be cleaved in one or more directions so as to increase the surface area useful for engaging the bone of the vertebral bodies.
- the relieved areas of the cleaved projections are useful for containing and carrying fusion promoting substances other than bone such as bone morphogenetic proteins and genetic materials coding for the production of bone, or bone itself which could by way of example be in the form of a paste.
- longitudinal grooves 130 can have horizontal cross-sections in a variety of configurations such as, without limitation, square-shaped or U-shaped configurations.
- Sequential projections can be positioned on an implant wherein each surface projection has forward facing facets facing the same direction such that consecutive projections are oriented forward facing facet to rearward facing facet.
- the lower most portion of the slope of the forward facing facet of a first surface projection in a sequence can be coincident with the rearward facet of the next surface projection in the sequence.
- the forward facet of a first surface projection and the rearward facet of the next surface projection in a sequence can be spaced apart and the space can be at least in part flat, curved, or any other surface configuration suitable for the intended use.
- the surface projections can be oriented relative to one another to form an array and are preferably geometrically disposed relative to one another in a pattern wherein at least a portion of the projection is aligned along a longitudinal, horizontal, diagonal, or curved line.
- the surface of the present invention can be useful with spinal implants of various configurations, including configurations wherein at least one of leading end, trailing end, and sides of the spinal implant is curved.
- the leading end, trailing end, and sides of the spinal implant can form an oval, an oblong, or a circle.
- a second embodiment of the surface configuration of the present invention is generally referred to by the numeral 220.
- Surface configuration 220 includes surface projections 222 to facilitate insertion of implant 100 into an implantation site while resisting expulsion of implant 100 in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion.
- Each of surface projections 222 has an angled forward facet 224 directed at least in part toward leading end 202 of implant 100 and a rearward facet 226 directed at least in part toward trailing end 204 of implant 100 .
- Forward facet 224 has a length greater than the length of rearward facet 226 .
- Rearward facet 226 has a slope that is steeper than the slope of forward facet 224 . In this embodiment, the base of rearward facet 226 forms an angle of approximately 45 degrees with respect to upper and/or lower surfaces 206 , 208 of implant 100 .
- Each one of surface projections 222 has a left side facet 232 and a right side facet 234 directed toward the sides of implant 100 , and forward facet 224 and rearward facet 226 .
- longitudinal grooves 230 have a V-shaped horizontal cross-section.
- the lower most portions of left and right side facets 232 , 234 of consecutive side-by-side projections 222 can be coincident with each other or may be spaced apart, any space therebetween can be at least in part flat, curved, sloped or otherwise configured.
- Each surface projection has left and right side facets 232 , 234 that converge to form a high point or peak 236 at the top of each surface projections 222 .
- Each peak 236 can be aligned along lines that are perpendicular, parallel, and/or diagonally oriented to the longitudinal axis L of implant 100 .
- the left and right side facets 232 , 234 resist side-to-side motion of implant 100 after it is inserted into the implantation space. Peaks 236 engage the bone of the vertebral bodies adjacent to implant 100 in the implantation site.
- FIGS. 12 - 15 a third embodiment of the surface configuration of the present invention is generally referred to by the numeral 320 is shown.
- Surface configuration 320 includes surface projections 322 to facilitate insertion of implant 100 into an implantation site while resisting expulsion of implant 100 in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion.
- Each of surface projections 322 has an angled forward facet 324 directed at least in part toward leading end 302 of implant 100 and a rearward facet 326 directed at least in part toward trailing end 304 of implant 100 .
- Forward facet 324 has a length greater than the length of rearward facet 326 .
- Rearward facet 326 has a slope that is steeper than the slope of forward facet 324 .
- the base of rearward facet 326 is “back cut” to form an angle greater than 90 degrees with respect to upper and/or lower surfaces 306 , 308 of implant 100 .
- the configuration of rearward facet 326 further enhances resistance of motion of the implant in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion. It is appreciated that the angle of the base of rearward facet 326 with respect to upper and/or lower surfaces 306 , 308 of implant 100 can be any other angle suitable for the intended purpose of the present invention.
- Each one of surface projections 322 has a left side facet 332 and a right side facet 334 directed toward the sides of implant 100 , and a forward facet 324 and a rearward facet 326 .
- longitudinal grooves 330 have a V-shaped horizontal cross section.
- the lower most portions of left and right side facets 332 , 334 of consecutive side-by-side projections 322 can be coincident with each other or may be spaced apart, and any space therebetween can be at least in part flat, curved, sloped or otherwise configured.
- Each surface projection 322 has left and right side facets 332 , 334 that converge to form a high point or peak 336 at the top of each surface projection 322 .
- Each peak 336 can be aligned along lines that are perpendicular, parallel, and/or diagonally oriented to the longitudinal axis L of implant 100 .
- the left and right side facets 332 , 334 resist side-to-side motion of implant 100 after it is inserted into the implantation space. Peaks 336 engage the bone of vertebral bodies V adjacent to implant 100 in the implantation site.
- a fourth embodiment of the surface configuration of the present invention is generally referred to by the numeral 420.
- Surface configuration 420 includes surface projections 422 configured to facilitate insertion of implant 100 in the direction of insertion into an implantation site while resisting expulsion of implant 100 in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion.
- Each of surface projections 422 has an angled forward facet 424 directed toward leading end 402 of implant 100 and a rearward portion 426 directed toward trailing end 404 of implant 100 .
- Forward facet 424 has a length greater than the length of rearward portion 426 .
- Rearward portion 426 has a slope that is steeper than the slope of forward facet 424 .
- the base of rearward portion 426 forms an angle of approximately 90 degrees with respect to upper and/or lower surfaces 406 , 408 of implant 100 .
- Rearward portion 426 can be a portion of surface projection 422 , such as a facet, an edge, or a line for example.
- Each one of surface projections 422 has a left side forward facet 450 , a right side forward facet 452 , a left side rearward facet 454 , and a right side rearward facet 456 directed toward the front and sides, and directed toward the rear and sides of implant 100 , respectively, and forward facet 424 and rearward portion 426 .
- Surface configuration 420 can further include a second plurality of surface projections 460 having at least a left forward side facet 462 and a right forward side facet 464 directed at least in part toward leading end 402 and sides of implant 100 , respectively, and at least one rearward facet 466 directed at least in part toward trailing end 400 .
- Left and right forward side facets 462 , 464 have at least a first portion in a plane at an angle to the longitudinal axis of implant 100 .
- Second surface projections 460 can be interspersed with surface projections 422 .
- Surface configuration 420 can further comprise a third plurality of surface projections 470 having at least a left rearward side facet 472 and a right rearward side facet 474 directed at least in part toward trailing end 404 and sides of implant 100 , respectively, and at least one forward facet 476 directed at least in part toward leading end 402 .
- Left and right rearward side facets 472 , 474 have at least a first portion in a plane at an angle to the longitudinal axis of implant 100 .
- Third surface projections 470 can be interspersed with surface projections 422 and/or second surface projections 460 .
- Surface projections 422 may have a length approximating the combined length of second surface projections 460 and third surface projections 470 .
- surface configuration 420 has angled grooves 440 a - k that form a plurality of surface projections 422 .
- angled grooves 440 a - k are formed at an angle that is approximately 45 degrees to longitudinal axis L of spinal implant 100 and in this example, angled grooves 440 a - k are approximately 90 degrees to one another.
- the angled grooves 440 a - k can be formed, if machined, by first passing a cutting element at a 45 degree angle to the longitudinal axis L of implant 100 and then passing the cutting element at a 90 degree angle to the path of the first pass of the cutting element, or otherwise formed by casting, molding, and other methods for forming a surface configuration.
- angled grooves 400 a - k can be formed at various angles to the longitudinal axis L of implant 100 and to each other. For example, such angles can be less than 180 degrees.
- angled grooves 440 a - k have a V-shaped horizontal cross-section.
- Each surface projection 422 has left and right side facets 432 and 434 that are convergent and form a high point or peak 436 at the top of each surface projections 422 .
- Each peak 436 can be aligned along lines that are horizontally, longitudinally, and/or diagonally oriented along implant 100 .
- the left and right side forward and rearward facets 450 , 452 , 454 , 456 function to prevent side-to-side motion of implant 100 after it is inserted into the implantation space. Peaks 436 may also function like teeth to engage the bone of vertebral bodies V adjacent to the implant in the implantation site.
- FIG. 19B shows a variation of second and third surface projections 460 ′, 470 ′ that can be cleaved in one or more directions to increase the number of exposed sides of each projection and thus increase the surface area of the implant bone engaging surface available to contact the bone of the vertebral bodies.
- a preferred embodiment of this variation of the second and third surface projections 460 ′, 470 ′ are cleaved by a longitudinal groove.
- a fifth embodiment of the surface configuration of the present invention is generally referred to by the numeral 520.
- Surface configuration 520 includes surface projections 522 to facilitate insertion of implant 100 into an implantation site while resisting expulsion of implant 100 in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion.
- Surface projections 522 can be cleaved in one or more directions to increase the number of exposed sides of each projection and thus increase the surface area of the implant bone engaging surface available to contact the bone of the vertebral bodies.
- the surface projections can be cleaved by a longitudinal cut 540 generally parallel to the longitudinal axis L of implant 100 to form a surface projection having nine exposed sides.
- the surface projections may further be cleaved by a horizontal cut 542 generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of implant 100 to form a surface projection having eighteen exposed sides.
- the cuts can penetrate the surface projection at a depth substantially equal to that of the height of the surface projections as measured from the upper or lower surfaces of the implant.
- the cuts can be oriented along at least one of the longitudinal axis of the implant, an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said implant, and an axis at an angle between the longitudinal axis and the axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the implant. It is appreciated that cuts 540 and 542 may be formed as part of the molding process for forming the surface projections.
- each of surface projections 522 has angled forward facet 524 a, 524 b directed at least in part toward leading end 502 of implant 100 and rearward facets 526 a, 526 b directed at least in part toward trailing end 504 of implant 100 .
- Forward facet 524 has a length greater than the length of rearward facet 526 .
- Rearward facets 526 a, 526 b have a slope that is steeper than the slope of forward facets 524 a, 524 b.
- the cleaved portion of surface projection 522 can be spaced apart by a predetermined distance and the space can be at least in part flat, curved, or any other surface configuration suitable for the intended use.
- the base of rearward facets 526 a, 526 b forms an angle of approximately 45 degrees with respect to upper and/or lower surfaces 506 , 508 of implant 100 .
- Each one of surface projections 522 has left side facets 532 a, 532 b and right side facets 534 a, 534 b directed toward the sides of implant 100 , and forward facets 524 a, 524 b and rearward facet 526 a, 526 b.
- longitudinal grooves 530 have a V-shaped horizontal cross-section and each surface projection 522 has left and right side facets 532 a, 532 b, 534 a, 534 b that converge toward one another.
- the left and right side facets 532 a, 532 b, 534 a, 534 b resist side-to-side motion of implant 100 after it is inserted into the implantation space.
- the surface configuration of the present invention can be formed by molding, machining or otherwise.
- a preferred surface configuration of the present invention may readily be machined by milling from side to side, across the upper and lower vertebral body engaging surfaces, surface projections.
- a milling machine with a cutting tool having an angled cutting face such as a V-shaped profile can then be run through the plurality of surface projections parallel to the longitudinal axis of the implant to form the above-described surface.
- the V-shaped cutting tool of the milling machine has faces with an angle of approximately 90 degrees, which faces are at a 45-degree angle to the plane of the surfaces being so machined.
- the angle of the cutting faces can be more or less than 90 degrees
- the angle of the cutting face to the surface to be cut can be more or less than 45 degrees
- the cutting element may be run at an angle.
- this angle may be at 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the implant and each surface projection can be formed by two grooves crossing the projections at a 90 degree angle to each other.
- the spinal implants of the present invention are made of artificial or naturally occurring materials suitable for implantation in the human spine.
- the implants can comprise bone including, but not limited to, cortical bone, materials other than bone, such as metals including, but not limited to, titanium and its alloys or ASTM material, surgical grade plastics, plastic composites, ceramics, or other materials suitable for use as a spinal implant.
- the implants of the present invention can further comprise or be combined with bone growth promoting materials, including but not limited to, bone, bone morphogenetic proteins, hydroxyapatite, and genes coding for the production of bone.
- the implants can be treated with a bone growth promoting substance, can be a source of osteogenesis, or can be bioabsorbable at least in part.
- the implants of the present invention can be formed of a porous material.
- the spinal implants of the present invention can be for the purpose of achieving fusion.
- the upper and lower surfaces of the fusion implants can include at least one opening, each in communication with the other, to permit for the growth of bone from vertebral body to adjacent vertebral body through the implant.
- the implant can have an internal chamber and may also have an access opening for accessing the internal chamber, in which case the implant can further have a cover such as a cap to close the access opening at least in part. Openings in the upper and lower surfaces of the implant can communicate with the internal chamber to permit further growth of bone from vertebral body to adjacent vertebral body through the implant.
- the internal chamber can contain bone growth promoting materials, including but not limited to, bone, bone morphogenetic proteins, hydroxyapatite, and genes coding for the production of bone.
- the implants of the present invention can be formed of a material that intrinsically participates in the growth of bone from one of the adjacent vertebral bodies to the other of the adjacent vertebral bodies.
- the configuration of the surface is based on a plurality of surface projections disposed in arrays, each surface projection comprising at least one leading facet and at least one opposing trailing facet, in which the leading facet has a length greater than the trailing facet and the trailing facet has a steeper slope than the slope of the leading facet.
- the surface configuration is located on at least a portion of one of the opposed vertebral body engaging surfaces of the spinal implant.
- FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 is an interbody spinal fusion implant
- the surface configuration of the present invention is applicable to any interbody spinal fusion implants, including but not limited to, an artificial disc or motion preserving device having opposed surfaces incorporating the present inventive teachings for engaging each of the adjacent vertebral bodies.
Abstract
Description
- Description of the Related Art
- The present invention relates to interbody spinal implants for placement between adjacent vertebral bodies of a human spine, and more specifically to a specialized surface for such interbody implants, for engaging the adjacent vertebral bodies. Vital to the functioning of all interbody spinal implants is their ability to remain properly located within the spine after installation. In U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,593,409 and 5,609,635, Michelson described the use of surface roughenings, such as knurling or ratcheting on the opposed upper and lower vertebral body engaging surfaces of interbody spinal fusion implants. Knurling has been particularly beneficial for increasing the grip of the implant surface to the adjacent vertebral bodies in a rather uniform manner without a directional bias. Spinal implants have a propensity to move in a particular direction, which is opposite to their path of insertion, because this is the path of least resistance. Such propensity to move is further increased when the opposed upper and lower vertebral body engaging surfaces are in angular relationship to each other, such that they are spaced further apart at the implant's trailing end than at the implant's leading end. In such circumstances where it is desirable then to gain stability in resistance to a particular direction of movement of the interbody spinal implant, the use of a plurality of forward facing ratchetings on the implant's vertebral body engaging surfaces has been preferable to the previously described knurling for that purpose.
- The term “ratcheting” as used herein is defined as a plurality of angular teeth or ridges or protrusions projecting from the surface of an implant to resist motion of the implant at least in one direction. The phrase “forward facing ratchetings” as used herein is defined as a ratcheting having at least one forward facing facet having a length greater than a rearward facing facet and an angle from the implant surface from which the forward facing facet arises that is less steep than the angle of the rearward facet. On an implant surface, forward facing ratchetings facilitate the insertion of the implant in one direction and after insertion, resisting movement of the implant in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion. An example of forward facing ratchetings of the prior art is shown in partial fragmentary view in FIGS. 24A and 24B, generally referred to by the
reference numeral 50. - Knurled surfaces of the related art provide some stability in all directions, but lack the ability to resist a particular direction of motion preferentially. The above-described ratcheted surface best resists motion in a particular direction. There exists a need for an improved interbody spinal implant surface configuration, wherein the opposed upper and lower vertebral body engaging surfaces of the implant are configured to be resistant to implant movement in all directions, and preferentially or in particularly in one direction.
- The present invention relates to interbody spinal implants having a specialized surface configuration on the opposed exterior surfaces adapted for engaging the vertebral bodies adjacent a disc space into which the interbody implant is to be implanted. Such an implant surface configuration has utility with a wide variety of shapes of interbody spinal implants where enhanced skeletal fixation is desired. Such an implant surface configuration can provide for enhanced stability, increased surface area, and a surface for the delivery of fusion promoting substances other than bone. In a preferred embodiment, the implant surface can provide for resisting motion in all directions, and particularly in at least one direction, such as counter to the direction of insertion of the implant.
- While various embodiments of the present invention are presented by way of example only and not limitation, common to each of them is that the surface configuration incorporates a plurality of spatially integrated surface projections having at least one forward facing facet directed at least in part toward the leading end of the implant and at least one rearward portion directed at least in part toward the opposite trailing end of the implant. By way of example and not limitation, the rearward portion may be a facet, a line, or an edge of the rearward aspect of the surface projection formed where two facets come together. Each of the forward and rearward facets have a length and a slope. The length of the forward facet is longer than the length of the rearward facet. The slope of the rearward facet is steeper than the slope of the forward facet. In various embodiments, the surface projections also have opposed side facets directed generally toward the sides of the implant. The side facets are located between the forward facet and rearward facet and may converge toward each other in a direction away from the base of the surface projections. The surface comprises multifaceted ratcheted projections that are organized in geometrically disposed fields or arrays which are at a minimum located on at least a portion of the opposed vertebral body engaging surfaces of the implant. From the teachings disclosed herein, it is appreciated that the surface projections can be geometrically arranged in a pattern wherein at least a portion of the projection is aligned along a longitudinal, horizontal, diagonal, or curved line. The upper and lower surfaces of the implant can be at least in part arcuate or planar and can converge along a portion or all of the length of the implant.
- In various preferred embodiments of the present invention, the rearward facets of the surface projections can be perpendicular or at angles greater or less than 90 degrees to at least one of the upper or lower surfaces of the implant from which the projections arise. The opposed side facets of the surface projections can have at least a first portion in a plane at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the implant. The opposed side facets can intersect each other, and can converge to form a peak at the top of each of the surface projections. The peaks can be aligned along lines that are perpendicular, parallel, or diagonal to the longitudinal axis of the implant. The surface projections can be cleaved such as by longitudinal and/or horizontal cuts to increase the number of exposed sides of the projections and thus increase the available surface area to contact and engage the bone of the adjacent vertebral bodies and increase the number of recessed areas to contain fusion promoting substances. Alternatively, the peaks of each surface projection can be cleaved, truncated, or flaftened at least in part.
- The surface projections can include a left forward side facet and a right forward side facet directed toward the leading end and sides, respectively, of the implant. Similarly, the surface projections can include a left rearward side facet and a right rearward side facet directed toward the trailing end and sides, respectively, of the implant. The side facets of adjacent surface projections can be spaced apart to define a groove therebetween. A plurality of adjacent surface projections can be spaced apart to form a plurality of grooves that can be parallel or at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the implant, wherein the angle can be less than 90 degrees. The grooves can have a horizontal cross section that is a V-shape, U-shape, or a box-like shape, for example.
- Sequential projections can be positioned on an implant wherein each surface projection has forward facing facets facing the same direction, such that consecutive projections are oriented forward facing facet to rearward facing facet. The lower most portion of the slope of the forward facing facet of a first surface projection in a sequence can be coincident with the rearward facet of the next surface projection in the sequence. Alternatively, the forward facet of a first surface projection and the rearward facet of the next surface projection in a sequence can be spaced apart and the space can be at least in part flat, curved, or any other surface contour suitable for the intended use. The surface projections can be oriented relative to one another to form fields or arrays that further can be geometrically disposed relative to one another, preferably in a pattern wherein at least a portion of the projection is aligned along a longitudinal, horizontal, diagonal, or curved line.
- The surface configuration of the present invention can be formed by casting, machining, or any other techniques known to one of ordinary skill in the art. The present surface configuration may readily be machined by milling the implant surface from side to side, across the upper and lower vertebral body engaging surfaces, to form ratchetings generally disposed perpendicular to the long axis of the implant and generally formed facing to the insertion end of the implant. The ratchetings may be cross machined with an angled cutting face to form grooves passing through the ratchetings. For example, a milling machine having a cutting tool, with a V-shaped profile, can be run through the plurality of ratchetings parallel to the longitudinal axis of the implant to form the above-described surface. In a preferred embodiment, the V-shaped cutting tool of the milling machine has opposed cuffing faces with an angle of approximately90 degrees to each other, which faces are each at a 45-degree angle to the plane of the surfaces being machined. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, the angle of the cutting faces can be more or less than 90 degrees, and the angle of the cutting face to the surface to be cut can be more or less than 45 degrees. It is appreciated that rather than the cutting element being run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the implant, the cutting element could be run at some other angle. By way of example only and not limitation, this angle could be at 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the implant and to the projections. Each surface projection could then be formed by a cutter crossing in two passes to form two grooves at a 90 degree angle to each other.
- The surface of the present invention for engaging each of the adjacent vertebral bodies may be incorporated into various types of spinal implants. Such spinal implants may be for the purpose of achieving interbody spinal fusion, or for stabilizing a device to space apart and allow motion between the adjacent vertebral bodies. Such spinal implants may comprise any artificial or naturally occurring material appropriate for the intended purpose. Such materials would include, but are not limited to, implant quality metals, including, but not limited to, titanium and its alloys, surgical grade plastics and plastic composites which may or may not be bioresorbable, ceramics, and cortical bone. Some examples of interbody spinal implants that may benefit from the present teaching, include but are not limited to the following patents and applications by Michelson which are incorporated by reference herein: U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,015,247; 5,522,899; 5,593,409; 5,609,635; 5,860,973; and U.S. application Ser. No. 08/480,904.
- FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an interbody spinal implant having a surface configuration in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of the spinal implant of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of the interbody spinal implant of FIG. 1 installed in an implantation site formed across the disc space between two adjacent vertebral bodies of the spine shown in partial cross-section.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of an implant surface of one embodiment of the present invention from a view taken along
area 4 of FIG. 1. - FIG. 5 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the implant surface of FIG. 4 from a view taken along area5 of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 6 is a fragmentary end elevation view of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 7 is a fragmentary perspective view of the implant surface of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of a second embodiment of the implant surface of the present invention from a view taken along area8 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 9 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the implant surface of FIG. 8 from a view taken along area9 of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 10 is a fragmentary end view of the implant surface of FIG. 8.
- FIG. 11 is a fragmentary perspective view of the implant surface of FIG. 8.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of a third embodiment of the implant surface of the present invention from a view taken along area12 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 13 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the implant surface of FIG. 12 from a view taken along area13 of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 14 is a fragmentary end view of FIG. 12.
- FIG. 15 is a fragmentary perspective view of the implant surface of FIG. 12.
- FIG. 16 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of a fourth embodiment of the implant surface of the present invention from a view taken along area16 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 17 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the implant surface of FIG. 16 from a view taken along area17 of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 18 is a fragmentary end view of FIG. 16.
- FIG. 19A is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of the implant surface of FIG. 16.
- FIG. 19B is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of a variation on the second and third surface projections of the fourth embodiment of the implant surface of the present invention with a cleave therethrough.
- FIG. 20 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of a fifth embodiment of the implant surface of the present invention from a view taken along area20 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 21 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the implant surface of FIG. 20 from a view taken along line21 of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 22 is a fragmentary end view of FIG. 20.
- FIG. 23 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of the implant surface of FIG. 20.
- FIGS. 24A and 24B are perspective and side elevation views, respectively, of a prior art implant surface having forward facing ratchetings.
- As shown in FIGS.1-7, an interbody
spinal implant 100 has aleading end 102, a trailingend 104, anupper surface 106, alower surface 108, and aside wall 110 between upper andlower surfaces lower surfaces end 104 to leadingend 102 along a longitudinal axis L ofimplant 100 as shown, or may diverge, be parallel, or any combination thereof. Upper andlower surfaces lower surfaces side wall 110 may include large and/orsmall openings implant 100. Upper andlower surfaces implant 100 can be generally planar as shown in the figures, or can be opposed arcuate surfaces as shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,593,409, incorporated herein by reference, or any other configuration suitable for the desired use. - As shown in detail in FIGS.4-7, at least a portion of upper and
lower surfaces implant 100 have a surface configuration generally referred to by the numeral 120. In accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention,surface configuration 120 includessurface projections 122 configured to facilitate insertion ofimplant 100 into an implantation site while resisting expulsion ofimplant 100 in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion. Each ofsurface projections 122 has an angledforward facet 124 directed at least in part toward leadingend 102 ofimplant 100 and arearward facet 126 directed at least in part toward trailingend 104 ofimplant 100.Forward facet 124 has a length greater than the length ofrearward facet 126.Rearward facet 126 has a slope that is steeper than the slope offorward facet 124. In this embodiment, the base ofrearward facet 126 forms an angle of approximately 90 degrees with respect to upper and/orlower surfaces implant 100. It is appreciated that the angle of the base ofrearward facet 126 with respect to upper and/orlower surfaces implant 100 may be perpendicular to, greater than perpendicular to, or less than perpendicular to the base of the surface where the facet arises.Forward facet 124 forms an angle in the range of approximately 10 to 60 degrees, with 25-45 degrees being preferred, with respect to upper and/orlower surfaces surface projections 122 also has aleft side facet 132 and aright side facet 134 directed toward the sides ofimplant 100. - In this embodiment of
surface configuration 120, a plurality ofsurface projections 122 are spaced apart laterally (side to side) bylongitudinal grooves 130 formed along the longitudinal axis L ofimplant 100. In one embodiment,longitudinal grooves 130 have a V-shaped horizontal cross-section. The lower most portions of left andright side facets side projections 122 can be coincident with each other or may be spaced apart, any space therebetween can be at least in part flat, curved, sloped or otherwise configured. Eachsurface projection 122 has left andright side facets surface projection 122. Eachpeak 136 can be aligned along lines that are perpendicular, parallel, and/or diagonally oriented to longitudinal axis L ofimplant 100. The left andright side facets implant 100 after it is inserted into the implantation space.Peaks 136 engage the bone of vertebral bodies V adjacent to implant 100 in the implantation site. It is appreciated that in a variation of the present invention, the peaks may be modified such as to be truncated or cut off to have a broader rather than shaper upper most surface. Moreover, the peaks can be cleaved in one or more directions so as to increase the surface area useful for engaging the bone of the vertebral bodies. The relieved areas of the cleaved projections are useful for containing and carrying fusion promoting substances other than bone such as bone morphogenetic proteins and genetic materials coding for the production of bone, or bone itself which could by way of example be in the form of a paste. It is further appreciated that for all the various embodiments of the surface configuration of the present invention,longitudinal grooves 130 can have horizontal cross-sections in a variety of configurations such as, without limitation, square-shaped or U-shaped configurations. - Sequential projections can be positioned on an implant wherein each surface projection has forward facing facets facing the same direction such that consecutive projections are oriented forward facing facet to rearward facing facet. The lower most portion of the slope of the forward facing facet of a first surface projection in a sequence can be coincident with the rearward facet of the next surface projection in the sequence. Alternatively, the forward facet of a first surface projection and the rearward facet of the next surface projection in a sequence can be spaced apart and the space can be at least in part flat, curved, or any other surface configuration suitable for the intended use. The surface projections can be oriented relative to one another to form an array and are preferably geometrically disposed relative to one another in a pattern wherein at least a portion of the projection is aligned along a longitudinal, horizontal, diagonal, or curved line. Further, it is appreciated that the surface of the present invention can be useful with spinal implants of various configurations, including configurations wherein at least one of leading end, trailing end, and sides of the spinal implant is curved. By way of example and not limitation, the leading end, trailing end, and sides of the spinal implant can form an oval, an oblong, or a circle. As shown in FIGS.8-11, a second embodiment of the surface configuration of the present invention is generally referred to by the numeral 220.
Surface configuration 220 includessurface projections 222 to facilitate insertion ofimplant 100 into an implantation site while resisting expulsion ofimplant 100 in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion. Each ofsurface projections 222 has an angledforward facet 224 directed at least in part toward leadingend 202 ofimplant 100 and arearward facet 226 directed at least in part toward trailingend 204 ofimplant 100.Forward facet 224 has a length greater than the length ofrearward facet 226.Rearward facet 226 has a slope that is steeper than the slope offorward facet 224. In this embodiment, the base ofrearward facet 226 forms an angle of approximately 45 degrees with respect to upper and/orlower surfaces 206, 208 ofimplant 100. Each one ofsurface projections 222 has aleft side facet 232 and aright side facet 234 directed toward the sides ofimplant 100, andforward facet 224 andrearward facet 226. - In this embodiment of
surface configuration 220,longitudinal grooves 230 have a V-shaped horizontal cross-section. The lower most portions of left andright side facets side projections 222 can be coincident with each other or may be spaced apart, any space therebetween can be at least in part flat, curved, sloped or otherwise configured. Each surface projection has left andright side facets surface projections 222. Eachpeak 236 can be aligned along lines that are perpendicular, parallel, and/or diagonally oriented to the longitudinal axis L ofimplant 100. The left andright side facets implant 100 after it is inserted into the implantation space.Peaks 236 engage the bone of the vertebral bodies adjacent to implant 100 in the implantation site. - As shown in FIGS.12-15, a third embodiment of the surface configuration of the present invention is generally referred to by the numeral 320 is shown.
Surface configuration 320 includessurface projections 322 to facilitate insertion ofimplant 100 into an implantation site while resisting expulsion ofimplant 100 in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion. Each ofsurface projections 322 has an angledforward facet 324 directed at least in part toward leadingend 302 ofimplant 100 and arearward facet 326 directed at least in part toward trailingend 304 ofimplant 100.Forward facet 324 has a length greater than the length ofrearward facet 326.Rearward facet 326 has a slope that is steeper than the slope offorward facet 324. In this embodiment, the base ofrearward facet 326 is “back cut” to form an angle greater than 90 degrees with respect to upper and/orlower surfaces 306, 308 ofimplant 100. The configuration ofrearward facet 326 further enhances resistance of motion of the implant in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion. It is appreciated that the angle of the base ofrearward facet 326 with respect to upper and/orlower surfaces 306, 308 ofimplant 100 can be any other angle suitable for the intended purpose of the present invention. Each one ofsurface projections 322 has aleft side facet 332 and aright side facet 334 directed toward the sides ofimplant 100, and aforward facet 324 and arearward facet 326. - In this embodiment of
surface configuration 320,longitudinal grooves 330 have a V-shaped horizontal cross section. The lower most portions of left andright side facets side projections 322 can be coincident with each other or may be spaced apart, and any space therebetween can be at least in part flat, curved, sloped or otherwise configured. Eachsurface projection 322 has left andright side facets surface projection 322. Eachpeak 336 can be aligned along lines that are perpendicular, parallel, and/or diagonally oriented to the longitudinal axis L ofimplant 100. The left andright side facets implant 100 after it is inserted into the implantation space.Peaks 336 engage the bone of vertebral bodies V adjacent to implant 100 in the implantation site. - As shown in FIGS.16-19B, a fourth embodiment of the surface configuration of the present invention is generally referred to by the numeral 420.
Surface configuration 420 includessurface projections 422 configured to facilitate insertion ofimplant 100 in the direction of insertion into an implantation site while resisting expulsion ofimplant 100 in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion. Each ofsurface projections 422 has an angledforward facet 424 directed towardleading end 402 ofimplant 100 and arearward portion 426 directed toward trailingend 404 ofimplant 100.Forward facet 424 has a length greater than the length ofrearward portion 426.Rearward portion 426 has a slope that is steeper than the slope offorward facet 424. In this embodiment, the base ofrearward portion 426 forms an angle of approximately 90 degrees with respect to upper and/orlower surfaces 406, 408 ofimplant 100.Rearward portion 426 can be a portion ofsurface projection 422, such as a facet, an edge, or a line for example. Each one ofsurface projections 422 has a left sideforward facet 450, a right side forwardfacet 452, a left side rearwardfacet 454, and a right side rearwardfacet 456 directed toward the front and sides, and directed toward the rear and sides ofimplant 100, respectively, andforward facet 424 andrearward portion 426. -
Surface configuration 420 can further include a second plurality ofsurface projections 460 having at least a leftforward side facet 462 and a rightforward side facet 464 directed at least in part toward leadingend 402 and sides ofimplant 100, respectively, and at least onerearward facet 466 directed at least in part toward trailing end 400. Left and rightforward side facets implant 100.Second surface projections 460 can be interspersed withsurface projections 422. -
Surface configuration 420 can further comprise a third plurality ofsurface projections 470 having at least a leftrearward side facet 472 and a rightrearward side facet 474 directed at least in part toward trailingend 404 and sides ofimplant 100, respectively, and at least oneforward facet 476 directed at least in part toward leadingend 402. Left and rightrearward side facets implant 100.Third surface projections 470 can be interspersed withsurface projections 422 and/orsecond surface projections 460.Surface projections 422 may have a length approximating the combined length ofsecond surface projections 460 andthird surface projections 470. - In this embodiment,
surface configuration 420 has angled grooves 440 a-k that form a plurality ofsurface projections 422. . In this example, angled grooves 440 a-k are formed at an angle that is approximately 45 degrees to longitudinal axis L ofspinal implant 100 and in this example, angled grooves 440 a-k are approximately 90 degrees to one another. The angled grooves 440 a-k can be formed, if machined, by first passing a cutting element at a 45 degree angle to the longitudinal axis L ofimplant 100 and then passing the cutting element at a 90 degree angle to the path of the first pass of the cutting element, or otherwise formed by casting, molding, and other methods for forming a surface configuration. It is appreciated that angled grooves 400 a-k can be formed at various angles to the longitudinal axis L ofimplant 100 and to each other. For example, such angles can be less than 180 degrees. - In this embodiment of
surface configuration 420, angled grooves 440 a-k have a V-shaped horizontal cross-section. Eachsurface projection 422 has left and right side facets 432 and 434 that are convergent and form a high point or peak 436 at the top of eachsurface projections 422. Each peak 436 can be aligned along lines that are horizontally, longitudinally, and/or diagonally oriented alongimplant 100. The left and right side forward andrearward facets implant 100 after it is inserted into the implantation space. Peaks 436 may also function like teeth to engage the bone of vertebral bodies V adjacent to the implant in the implantation site. - FIG. 19B shows a variation of second and
third surface projections 460′, 470′ that can be cleaved in one or more directions to increase the number of exposed sides of each projection and thus increase the surface area of the implant bone engaging surface available to contact the bone of the vertebral bodies. A preferred embodiment of this variation of the second andthird surface projections 460′, 470′ are cleaved by a longitudinal groove. - As shown in FIGS.20-23, a fifth embodiment of the surface configuration of the present invention is generally referred to by the numeral 520.
Surface configuration 520 includessurface projections 522 to facilitate insertion ofimplant 100 into an implantation site while resisting expulsion ofimplant 100 in a direction opposite to the direction of insertion.Surface projections 522 can be cleaved in one or more directions to increase the number of exposed sides of each projection and thus increase the surface area of the implant bone engaging surface available to contact the bone of the vertebral bodies. For example, the surface projections can be cleaved by alongitudinal cut 540 generally parallel to the longitudinal axis L ofimplant 100 to form a surface projection having nine exposed sides. The surface projections may further be cleaved by ahorizontal cut 542 generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L ofimplant 100 to form a surface projection having eighteen exposed sides. The cuts can penetrate the surface projection at a depth substantially equal to that of the height of the surface projections as measured from the upper or lower surfaces of the implant. The cuts can be oriented along at least one of the longitudinal axis of the implant, an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said implant, and an axis at an angle between the longitudinal axis and the axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the implant. It is appreciated thatcuts - When cleaved by
longitudinal cut 540 andhorizontal cut 542, each ofsurface projections 522 has angledforward facet end 502 ofimplant 100 andrearward facets end 504 ofimplant 100. Forward facet 524 has a length greater than the length ofrearward facet 526.Rearward facets forward facets surface projection 522 can be spaced apart by a predetermined distance and the space can be at least in part flat, curved, or any other surface configuration suitable for the intended use. In this embodiment, the base ofrearward facets lower surfaces 506, 508 ofimplant 100. Each one ofsurface projections 522 has leftside facets right side facets implant 100, andforward facets rearward facet surface configuration 520,longitudinal grooves 530 have a V-shaped horizontal cross-section and eachsurface projection 522 has left andright side facets right side facets implant 100 after it is inserted into the implantation space. The surface configuration of the present invention can be formed by molding, machining or otherwise. A preferred surface configuration of the present invention may readily be machined by milling from side to side, across the upper and lower vertebral body engaging surfaces, surface projections. A milling machine with a cutting tool having an angled cutting face such as a V-shaped profile can then be run through the plurality of surface projections parallel to the longitudinal axis of the implant to form the above-described surface. In a preferred embodiment, the V-shaped cutting tool of the milling machine has faces with an angle of approximately 90 degrees, which faces are at a 45-degree angle to the plane of the surfaces being so machined. Without departing from the present invention, the angle of the cutting faces can be more or less than 90 degrees, the angle of the cutting face to the surface to be cut can be more or less than 45 degrees, and rather than running the cutter element parallel to the longitudinal axis of the implant, the cutting element may be run at an angle. By way of example only and not limitation, this angle may be at 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the implant and each surface projection can be formed by two grooves crossing the projections at a 90 degree angle to each other. - The spinal implants of the present invention are made of artificial or naturally occurring materials suitable for implantation in the human spine. The implants can comprise bone including, but not limited to, cortical bone, materials other than bone, such as metals including, but not limited to, titanium and its alloys or ASTM material, surgical grade plastics, plastic composites, ceramics, or other materials suitable for use as a spinal implant. The implants of the present invention can further comprise or be combined with bone growth promoting materials, including but not limited to, bone, bone morphogenetic proteins, hydroxyapatite, and genes coding for the production of bone. The implants can be treated with a bone growth promoting substance, can be a source of osteogenesis, or can be bioabsorbable at least in part. The implants of the present invention can be formed of a porous material.
- The spinal implants of the present invention can be for the purpose of achieving fusion. The upper and lower surfaces of the fusion implants can include at least one opening, each in communication with the other, to permit for the growth of bone from vertebral body to adjacent vertebral body through the implant. The implant can have an internal chamber and may also have an access opening for accessing the internal chamber, in which case the implant can further have a cover such as a cap to close the access opening at least in part. Openings in the upper and lower surfaces of the implant can communicate with the internal chamber to permit further growth of bone from vertebral body to adjacent vertebral body through the implant. The internal chamber can contain bone growth promoting materials, including but not limited to, bone, bone morphogenetic proteins, hydroxyapatite, and genes coding for the production of bone. The implants of the present invention can be formed of a material that intrinsically participates in the growth of bone from one of the adjacent vertebral bodies to the other of the adjacent vertebral bodies.
- While various embodiments of the present invention are presented by way of example only and not limitation, common to each of them, is that the configuration of the surface is based on a plurality of surface projections disposed in arrays, each surface projection comprising at least one leading facet and at least one opposing trailing facet, in which the leading facet has a length greater than the trailing facet and the trailing facet has a steeper slope than the slope of the leading facet. The surface configuration is located on at least a portion of one of the opposed vertebral body engaging surfaces of the spinal implant.
- While the implant shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and3 is an interbody spinal fusion implant, it is appreciated that the surface configuration of the present invention is applicable to any interbody spinal fusion implants, including but not limited to, an artificial disc or motion preserving device having opposed surfaces incorporating the present inventive teachings for engaging each of the adjacent vertebral bodies.
- It is believed that the operation and construction of the present invention will be apparent from the foregoing description and, while the invention shown and described herein has been characterized as particular embodiments, changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (202)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/921,844 US20010047208A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 2001-08-03 | Spinal implant surface configuration |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/457,228 US6827740B1 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Spinal implant surface configuration |
US09/921,844 US20010047208A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 2001-08-03 | Spinal implant surface configuration |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/457,228 Division US6827740B1 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Spinal implant surface configuration |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20010047208A1 true US20010047208A1 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
Family
ID=23815919
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/457,228 Expired - Lifetime US6827740B1 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Spinal implant surface configuration |
US09/921,844 Abandoned US20010047208A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 2001-08-03 | Spinal implant surface configuration |
US09/921,851 Expired - Lifetime US7166129B2 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 2001-08-03 | Method for forming a spinal implant surface configuration |
US10/683,071 Expired - Fee Related US7972381B2 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 2003-10-10 | Spinal implant surface configuration with a projection having a back cut |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/457,228 Expired - Lifetime US6827740B1 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Spinal implant surface configuration |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/921,851 Expired - Lifetime US7166129B2 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 2001-08-03 | Method for forming a spinal implant surface configuration |
US10/683,071 Expired - Fee Related US7972381B2 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 2003-10-10 | Spinal implant surface configuration with a projection having a back cut |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US6827740B1 (en) |
Cited By (93)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6520993B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-02-18 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Spinal implant |
US6558424B2 (en) | 2001-06-28 | 2003-05-06 | Depuy Acromed | Modular anatomic fusion device |
US6592624B1 (en) | 1999-11-24 | 2003-07-15 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Prosthetic implant element |
WO2003082160A1 (en) * | 2002-03-30 | 2003-10-09 | Mathys Medizinaltechnik Ag | Surgical implant |
US6726720B2 (en) | 2002-03-27 | 2004-04-27 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Modular disc prosthesis |
US20060100705A1 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-05-11 | Rolando Puno | Intervertebral spacer |
US20060265065A1 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2006-11-23 | Bagga Charanpreet S | Anterior interbody spinal implant |
US20070208344A1 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-06 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Devices for securing elongated spinal connecting elements in bone anchors |
US20070225810A1 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-27 | Dennis Colleran | Flexible cage spinal implant |
US20080262623A1 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2008-10-23 | Titan Spine, Llc | Composite interbody spinal implant having openings of predetermined size and shape |
US7713301B2 (en) | 1994-05-06 | 2010-05-11 | Disc Dynamics, Inc. | Intervertebral disc prosthesis |
US7736380B2 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2010-06-15 | Rhausler, Inc. | Cervical plate system |
US7918876B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2011-04-05 | Theken Spine, Llc | Spinal implant adjustment device |
US7976549B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2011-07-12 | Theken Spine, Llc | Instruments for delivering spinal implants |
US20120116457A1 (en) * | 2010-11-06 | 2012-05-10 | Limited Liability Company; | Stabilizer for assisting stabilization of a spinal implant and method of using the stabilizer |
US8231675B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2012-07-31 | Synthes Usa, Llc | Intervertebral implant |
US8241360B2 (en) | 2002-05-23 | 2012-08-14 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Artificial disc device |
US8262731B2 (en) | 2002-05-23 | 2012-09-11 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Artificial disc device |
US8403991B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-03-26 | Titan Spine Llc | Implant with critical ratio of load bearing surface area to central opening area |
US8435302B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-05-07 | Titan Spine, Llc | Instruments and interbody spinal implants enhancing disc space distraction |
US8480749B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-07-09 | Titan Spine, Llc | Friction fit and vertebral endplate-preserving spinal implant |
US8506636B2 (en) | 2006-09-08 | 2013-08-13 | Theken Spine, Llc | Offset radius lordosis |
WO2013142480A1 (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2013-09-26 | Titan Spine, Llc | Friction-fit spinal endplate and endplate-preserving method |
US8545568B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-01 | Titan Spine, Llc | Method of using instruments and interbody spinal implants to enhance distraction |
US8551176B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-08 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant having a passage for enhancing contact between bone graft material and cortical endplate bone |
US8562685B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-22 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant and integration plate for optimizing vertebral endplate contact load-bearing edges |
US8562684B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-22 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having a roughened surface topography |
US8585765B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-19 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant having a raised expulsion-resistant edge |
US8585766B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-19 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having durable connectors |
US8585767B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-19 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having durable connectors |
US8591590B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-26 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant having a transverse aperture |
US8617248B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-12-31 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant having variable ratios of the integration surface area to the axial passage area |
US8758442B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2014-06-24 | Titan Spine, Llc | Composite implants having integration surfaces composed of a regular repeating pattern |
US8758443B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2014-06-24 | Titan Spine, Llc | Implants with integration surfaces having regular repeating surface patterns |
US8814939B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2014-08-26 | Titan Spine, Llc | Implants having three distinct surfaces |
US8992622B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-03-31 | Titan Spine, Llc | Interbody spinal implant having a roughened surface topography |
US8992619B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2015-03-31 | Titan Spine, Llc | Microstructured implant surfaces |
US9125756B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-09-08 | Titan Spine, Llc | Processes for producing regular repeating patterns on surfaces of interbody devices |
US9132021B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2015-09-15 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US9168147B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-10-27 | Titan Spine, Llc | Self-deploying locking screw retention device |
US9216096B2 (en) | 2010-03-16 | 2015-12-22 | Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc | Intervertebral implants and related tools |
US9233011B2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2016-01-12 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Systems and apparatuses for inserting an implant in intervertebral space |
US9241807B2 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2016-01-26 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Systems and methods for inserting a spinal device |
US9254130B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2016-02-09 | Hyun Bae | Blade anchor systems for bone fusion |
US9380932B1 (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2016-07-05 | Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc | Retractor devices for minimally invasive access to the spine |
US9445916B2 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2016-09-20 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Joint arthroplasty devices having articulating members |
US9480511B2 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2016-11-01 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Blade fixation for ankle fusion and arthroplasty |
US9492291B2 (en) | 2005-08-15 | 2016-11-15 | Kunovus Pty Ltd. | Systems, methods and apparatuses for formation and insertion of tissue prosthesis |
US9498349B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2016-11-22 | Titan Spine, Llc | Expandable spinal implant with expansion wedge and anchor |
EP3049031A4 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2017-03-29 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal facet cage implant |
US9615935B2 (en) | 2014-01-30 | 2017-04-11 | Titan Spine, Llc | Thermally activated shape memory spring assemblies for implant expansion |
US9642721B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2017-05-09 | Titan Spine, Llc | Implants with self-deploying anchors |
US9655745B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2017-05-23 | Titan Spine, Llc | Methods for manufacturing implants having integration surfaces |
JP2017537740A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-12-21 | ボストン サイエンティフィック サイムド,インコーポレイテッドBoston Scientific Scimed,Inc. | Stent with anti-migration element |
US9925051B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2018-03-27 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Arthroplasty systems and methods |
US9987051B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2018-06-05 | K2M, Inc. | Interbody spacer |
US10028841B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2018-07-24 | K2M, Inc. | Interbody spacer |
US10039649B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2018-08-07 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Composite spinal facet implant with textured surfaces |
US10070970B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2018-09-11 | Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc | Interbody implants and graft delivery systems |
JP2018183571A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2018-11-22 | アルファテック スパイン, インコーポレイテッド | Intervertebral cage with porosity gradient |
US10149673B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2018-12-11 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Facet joint implants and delivery tools |
US10201375B2 (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2019-02-12 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Lateral mass fixation system |
USD841165S1 (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2019-02-19 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical cage |
US10219910B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2019-03-05 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical distraction method |
US10226285B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2019-03-12 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Vertebral joint implants and delivery tools |
US10238501B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2019-03-26 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical distraction/implant delivery device |
US10238382B2 (en) | 2012-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Blade anchor for foot and ankle |
US10390955B2 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2019-08-27 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Bone implants |
US10456272B2 (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2019-10-29 | Engage Uni Llc | Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty |
US10682243B2 (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2020-06-16 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal joint implant delivery device and system |
USD887552S1 (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2020-06-16 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical cage |
US10687855B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2020-06-23 | Roger P. Jackson | Bone anchor receiver with extension portions having controlled splay allowance helically wound flange forms |
USD907771S1 (en) | 2017-10-09 | 2021-01-12 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US10898233B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2021-01-26 | Roger P. Jackson | Medical implant receivers having dual lead in closure mating thread forms and curvate extending instrument engaging grooves |
US10925647B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2021-02-23 | Roger P. Jackson | Threaded closure with inwardly-facing tool engaging concave radiused structures and axial through-aperture |
USD911525S1 (en) | 2019-06-21 | 2021-02-23 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal cage |
US10925749B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2021-02-23 | Revivo Medical, Llc | Intervertebral cage and method of treating vertebrae with an intervertebral cage |
US10959855B2 (en) | 2017-05-25 | 2021-03-30 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Fusion cage with integrated fixation and insertion features |
USRE48501E1 (en) | 2012-10-23 | 2021-04-06 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cage spinal implant |
US11006981B2 (en) | 2017-07-07 | 2021-05-18 | K2M, Inc. | Surgical implant and methods of additive manufacturing |
US11065039B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2021-07-20 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal implant and methods of using the same |
US11096796B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2021-08-24 | Titan Spine, Llc | Interbody spinal implant having a roughened surface topography on one or more internal surfaces |
USD933230S1 (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2021-10-12 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical cage |
US11147682B2 (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2021-10-19 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implants, instruments, and methods |
US11147591B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2021-10-19 | Roger P Jackson | Pivotal bone anchor receiver assembly with threaded closure |
US11224521B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2022-01-18 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical distraction/implant delivery device |
US11224464B2 (en) | 2002-05-09 | 2022-01-18 | Roger P. Jackson | Threaded closure with inwardly-facing tool engaging concave radiused structures and axial through-aperture |
USD945621S1 (en) | 2020-02-27 | 2022-03-08 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal cage |
US11272964B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2022-03-15 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Vertebral joint implants and delivery tools |
US11540928B2 (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2023-01-03 | Engage Uni Llc | Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty |
US11559408B2 (en) | 2008-01-09 | 2023-01-24 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for accessing and treating the facet joint |
US11648128B2 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2023-05-16 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Facet screw and delivery device |
US11871968B2 (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2024-01-16 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal fixation access and delivery system |
Families Citing this family (158)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000066044A1 (en) | 1999-05-05 | 2000-11-09 | Michelson Gary K | Nested interbody spinal fusion implants |
US6827740B1 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2004-12-07 | Gary K. Michelson | Spinal implant surface configuration |
US7115143B1 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 2006-10-03 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Orthopedic implant surface configuration |
US7462195B1 (en) | 2000-04-19 | 2008-12-09 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Artificial lumbar interbody spinal implant having an asymmetrical leading end |
US6350283B1 (en) | 2000-04-19 | 2002-02-26 | Gary K. Michelson | Bone hemi-lumbar interbody spinal implant having an asymmetrical leading end and method of installation thereof |
US20020111680A1 (en) * | 2000-06-13 | 2002-08-15 | Michelson Gary K. | Ratcheted bone dowel |
WO2001095837A1 (en) * | 2000-06-13 | 2001-12-20 | Michelson Gary K | Manufactured major long bone ring implant shaped to conform to a prepared intervertebral implantation space |
US6989031B2 (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2006-01-24 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Hemi-interbody spinal implant manufactured from a major long bone ring or a bone composite |
US6890355B2 (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2005-05-10 | Gary K. Michelson | Artificial contoured spinal fusion implants made of a material other than bone |
US7776085B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2010-08-17 | Amedica Corporation | Knee prosthesis with ceramic tibial component |
PT2055267E (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2013-07-15 | Amedica Corp | Radiolucent bone graft |
US20050177238A1 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2005-08-11 | Khandkar Ashok C. | Radiolucent bone graft |
US7695521B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2010-04-13 | Amedica Corporation | Hip prosthesis with monoblock ceramic acetabular cup |
US6719794B2 (en) * | 2001-05-03 | 2004-04-13 | Synthes (U.S.A.) | Intervertebral implant for transforaminal posterior lumbar interbody fusion procedure |
US6974480B2 (en) * | 2001-05-03 | 2005-12-13 | Synthes (Usa) | Intervertebral implant for transforaminal posterior lumbar interbody fusion procedure |
EP1408874B1 (en) | 2001-06-14 | 2012-08-08 | Amedica Corporation | Metal-ceramic composite articulation |
EP2002805A3 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2009-01-07 | Malan De Villiers | Intervertebral prosthesis |
JP2006510452A (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2006-03-30 | アメディカ コーポレイション | Total disc implant |
JP4275699B2 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2009-06-10 | スパイナルモーション, インコーポレイテッド | Intervertebral prosthesis placement instrument |
EP1587437B1 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2013-02-27 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Spinal midline indicator |
US7105024B2 (en) | 2003-05-06 | 2006-09-12 | Aesculap Ii, Inc. | Artificial intervertebral disc |
US7291173B2 (en) | 2003-05-06 | 2007-11-06 | Aesculap Ii, Inc. | Artificial intervertebral disc |
DE10324108B3 (en) * | 2003-05-21 | 2005-01-27 | Aesculap Ag & Co. Kg | Backbone implant is inserted with contracted contact disc which is expanded to optimum area following insertion |
US7575599B2 (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2009-08-18 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Intervertebral prosthetic disc with metallic core |
US10052211B2 (en) | 2003-05-27 | 2018-08-21 | Simplify Medical Pty Ltd. | Prosthetic disc for intervertebral insertion |
ATE480203T1 (en) | 2003-05-27 | 2010-09-15 | Spinalmotion Inc | INTERVERTEBRAL DISC PROSTHESIS FOR INTERVERTEBRAL INSERTION |
US7153325B2 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2006-12-26 | Ultra-Kinetics, Inc. | Prosthetic intervertebral disc and methods for using the same |
DE10339170B4 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2009-10-15 | Aesculap Ag | Intervertebral implant |
US7041137B2 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2006-05-09 | Lanx, Llc | Spinal implant |
US8974528B2 (en) * | 2003-10-08 | 2015-03-10 | The University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Spine replacement system for the treatment of spine instability and degenerative disc disease |
US7247169B1 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2007-07-24 | Aesculap Implant Systems, Inc. | Kit of spine gauge blocks and a tool assembly |
US7585326B2 (en) | 2004-08-06 | 2009-09-08 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for intervertebral disc prosthesis insertion |
US20180228621A1 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2018-08-16 | Mark A. Reiley | Apparatus, systems, and methods for the fixation or fusion of bone |
US8414648B2 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2013-04-09 | Si-Bone Inc. | Apparatus, systems, and methods for achieving trans-iliac lumbar fusion |
US20060036251A1 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2006-02-16 | Reiley Mark A | Systems and methods for the fixation or fusion of bone |
US8425570B2 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2013-04-23 | Si-Bone Inc. | Apparatus, systems, and methods for achieving anterior lumbar interbody fusion |
US9662158B2 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2017-05-30 | Si-Bone Inc. | Systems and methods for the fixation or fusion of bone at or near a sacroiliac joint |
US8388667B2 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2013-03-05 | Si-Bone, Inc. | Systems and methods for the fixation or fusion of bone using compressive implants |
US20070156241A1 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2007-07-05 | Reiley Mark A | Systems and methods for the fixation or fusion of bone |
US9949843B2 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2018-04-24 | Si-Bone Inc. | Apparatus, systems, and methods for the fixation or fusion of bone |
US7794500B2 (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2010-09-14 | Felix Brent A | Surgical implant |
US20060111780A1 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2006-05-25 | Orthopedic Development Corporation | Minimally invasive facet joint hemi-arthroplasty |
US20060111779A1 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2006-05-25 | Orthopedic Development Corporation, A Florida Corporation | Minimally invasive facet joint fusion |
US8021392B2 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2011-09-20 | Minsurg International, Inc. | Methods and surgical kits for minimally-invasive facet joint fusion |
US8083797B2 (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2011-12-27 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Intervertebral prosthetic disc with shock absorption |
US20060235520A1 (en) * | 2005-04-19 | 2006-10-19 | Pannu Yashdip S | Spinal implant apparatus, method and system |
US20060241758A1 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Facet spacers |
US20090099410A1 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2009-04-16 | De Marchena Eduardo | Papillary Muscle Attachment for Left Ventricular Reduction |
EP1736120A1 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2006-12-27 | Cervitech, Inc. | Intervertebral prosthesis with self-cutting fixation protrusions |
US7731753B2 (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2010-06-08 | Spinal Kinetics, Inc. | Prosthetic intervertebral discs |
US20070083200A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-04-12 | Gittings Darin C | Spinal stabilization systems and methods |
US9271843B2 (en) | 2005-09-27 | 2016-03-01 | Henry F. Fabian | Spine surgery method and implant |
US8236058B2 (en) | 2005-09-27 | 2012-08-07 | Fabian Henry F | Spine surgery method and implant |
US20070191861A1 (en) * | 2006-01-30 | 2007-08-16 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Instruments and methods for implanting nucleus replacement material in an intervertebral disc nucleus space |
US8252058B2 (en) | 2006-02-16 | 2012-08-28 | Amedica Corporation | Spinal implant with elliptical articulatory interface |
US20070198093A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-23 | Amedica Corporation | Spinal implant with offset keels |
US7615077B2 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2009-11-10 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Intervertebral implants with radial teeth and methods of use |
AU2007238092A1 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2007-10-25 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Posterior spinal device and method |
US20070270952A1 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-11-22 | Spinal Kinetics, Inc. | Prosthetic intervertebral discs implantable by minimally invasive surgical techniques |
US8043377B2 (en) * | 2006-09-02 | 2011-10-25 | Osprey Biomedical, Inc. | Implantable intervertebral fusion device |
US20080077150A1 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-03-27 | Linh Nguyen | Steerable rasp/trial member inserter and method of use |
US9278007B2 (en) | 2006-09-26 | 2016-03-08 | Spinal Kinetics, Inc. | Prosthetic intervertebral discs having cast end plates and methods for making and using them |
US8801791B2 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2014-08-12 | K2M, Inc. | Spinal interbody spacer |
US8403987B2 (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2013-03-26 | Spinal Kinetics Inc. | Prosthetic intervertebral discs having compressible core elements bounded by fiber-containing membranes |
US9381098B2 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2016-07-05 | Spinal Kinetics, Inc. | Tool systems for implanting prosthetic intervertebral discs |
US7824427B2 (en) | 2007-01-16 | 2010-11-02 | Perez-Cruet Miquelangelo J | Minimally invasive interbody device |
US20080262621A1 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-23 | K2M, Inc. | I-beam spacer |
US10342674B2 (en) | 2007-07-02 | 2019-07-09 | Theken Spine, Llc | Spinal cage having deployable member |
US8142508B1 (en) | 2007-07-02 | 2012-03-27 | Theken Spine, Llc | Spinal cage having deployable member which is removable |
US8864829B1 (en) | 2007-07-02 | 2014-10-21 | Theken Spine, Llc | Spinal cage having deployable member |
US8545562B1 (en) | 2007-07-02 | 2013-10-01 | Theken Spine, Llc | Deployable member for use with an intervertebral cage |
US8292958B1 (en) | 2007-07-02 | 2012-10-23 | Theken Spine, Llc | Spinal cage having deployable member |
US20090043391A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 | 2009-02-12 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Customized Intervertebral Prosthetic Disc with Shock Absorption |
US8808380B2 (en) | 2007-08-27 | 2014-08-19 | William Casey Fox | Method and apparatus for an osteotomy fixation or arthrodesis cage |
WO2009055481A1 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-30 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Dynamic spacer device and method for spanning a space formed upon removal of an intervertebral disc |
US8267997B2 (en) | 2007-11-12 | 2012-09-18 | Theken Spine, Llc | Vertebral interbody compression implant |
WO2009070721A1 (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-06-04 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc | Device for securing an implant to tissue |
US8764833B2 (en) | 2008-03-11 | 2014-07-01 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Artificial intervertebral disc with lower height |
US8313528B1 (en) | 2008-03-27 | 2012-11-20 | Spinelogik, Inc. | Intervertebral fusion device and method of use |
US8333804B1 (en) | 2008-03-27 | 2012-12-18 | Spinelogik, Inc. | Intervertebral fusion device and method of use |
US9034038B2 (en) | 2008-04-11 | 2015-05-19 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Motion limiting insert for an artificial intervertebral disc |
US20090270873A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-29 | Fabian Henry F | Spine surgery method and inserter |
CA2722048A1 (en) | 2008-05-05 | 2009-11-12 | Yves Arramon | Polyaryletherketone artificial intervertebral disc |
US9220603B2 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2015-12-29 | Simplify Medical, Inc. | Limited motion prosthetic intervertebral disc |
EP2299944A4 (en) | 2008-07-17 | 2013-07-31 | Spinalmotion Inc | Artificial intervertebral disc placement system |
EP2299941A1 (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2011-03-30 | Spinalmotion Inc. | Posterior prosthetic intervertebral disc |
US8328872B2 (en) | 2008-09-02 | 2012-12-11 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Intervertebral fusion implant |
US8709083B2 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2014-04-29 | William E. Duffield | Intervertebral fusion implant |
US8808294B2 (en) | 2008-09-09 | 2014-08-19 | William Casey Fox | Method and apparatus for a multiple transition temperature implant |
TW201018449A (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2010-05-16 | Paonan Biotech Co Ltd | Interface stabilising device for facies articularis of centrum |
US20100125303A1 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-20 | Daley Robert J | Methods and apparatus for replacing biological joints using bone mineral substance in a suspended state |
US20100125335A1 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-20 | Daley Robert J | Methods and apparatus for replacing biological joints using bone cement in a suspended state |
US8287597B1 (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2012-10-16 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Method and apparatus for performing spine surgery |
US9427324B1 (en) | 2010-02-22 | 2016-08-30 | Spinelogik, Inc. | Intervertebral fusion device and method of use |
US9155631B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2015-10-13 | Globus Medical Inc. | Intervertbral implant |
US9301853B2 (en) | 2010-04-09 | 2016-04-05 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Holder for implantation and extraction of prosthesis |
US8858636B2 (en) | 2010-04-09 | 2014-10-14 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Intervertebral implant |
US8900309B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2014-12-02 | Meditech Spine, Llc | Spinal implants |
US9358122B2 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2016-06-07 | K2M, Inc. | Interbody spacer |
EP2754419B1 (en) | 2011-02-15 | 2024-02-07 | ConforMIS, Inc. | Patient-adapted and improved orthopedic implants |
EP2502604B1 (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2013-09-25 | Jossi Holding AG | Joint socket implant |
US8277505B1 (en) | 2011-06-10 | 2012-10-02 | Doty Keith L | Devices for providing up to six-degrees of motion having kinematically-linked components and methods of use |
US10245155B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2019-04-02 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Low profile plate |
US9539109B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2017-01-10 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Low profile plate |
US9237957B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2016-01-19 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Low profile plate |
US9149365B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2015-10-06 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Low profile plate |
US10881526B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2021-01-05 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Low profile plate |
US9848994B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2017-12-26 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Low profile plate |
US9681959B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2017-06-20 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Low profile plate |
US9615856B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2017-04-11 | Imds Llc | Sacroiliac fusion cage |
US8287598B1 (en) | 2011-12-05 | 2012-10-16 | TrueMotion Spine, Inc. | True spinal motion preserving, shock absorbing, intervertebral spinal disc prosthesis |
US10363140B2 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2019-07-30 | Si-Bone Inc. | Systems, device, and methods for joint fusion |
WO2013134670A1 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2013-09-12 | Si-Bone Inc. | Integrated implant |
ES2828357T3 (en) | 2012-05-04 | 2021-05-26 | Si Bone Inc | Fenestrated implant |
US20130325071A1 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Marcin Niemiec | Aligning Vertebral Bodies |
US9326861B2 (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2016-05-03 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Stabilizing joints |
US9387087B2 (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2016-07-12 | Tyber Medical Llc | Orthopedic systems for spine and tracking control |
US9095385B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2015-08-04 | K2M, Inc. | Adjustable spinal implant insertion instrument |
CN104956466B (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2018-03-02 | 恩耐公司 | Ultra-short Fiber Laser for low temperature polycrystalline silicon crystallization |
US10105239B2 (en) | 2013-02-14 | 2018-10-23 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Devices and methods for correcting vertebral misalignment |
US9585765B2 (en) | 2013-02-14 | 2017-03-07 | Globus Medical, Inc | Devices and methods for correcting vertebral misalignment |
US10117754B2 (en) | 2013-02-25 | 2018-11-06 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9186258B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-11-17 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9474622B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-10-25 | Globus Medical, Inc | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9539103B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-01-10 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9149367B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-10-06 | Globus Medical Inc | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9233009B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-01-12 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9034045B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-05-19 | Globus Medical, Inc | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9456906B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-10-04 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9572677B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-02-21 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
WO2014145902A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Si-Bone Inc. | Implants for spinal fixation or fusion |
WO2015057866A1 (en) | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-23 | Si-Bone Inc. | Implant placement |
US11147688B2 (en) | 2013-10-15 | 2021-10-19 | Si-Bone Inc. | Implant placement |
CN105939682B (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2019-06-21 | 捷迈有限公司 | Adjustable orthopedic connector |
US9675465B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2017-06-13 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Standalone interbody implants |
US11160666B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2021-11-02 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Laterally insertable intervertebral spinal implant |
US9486327B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2016-11-08 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Standalone interbody implants |
US9968461B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2018-05-15 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Standalone interbody implants |
US9545320B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2017-01-17 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Standalone interbody implants |
US10111753B2 (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2018-10-30 | Titan Spine, Inc. | Additive and subtractive manufacturing process for producing implants with homogeneous body substantially free of pores and inclusions |
US10687956B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2020-06-23 | Titan Spine, Inc. | Corpectomy implants with roughened bioactive lateral surfaces |
ES2826600T3 (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2021-05-18 | Si Bone Inc | Matrix implant |
US10166033B2 (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2019-01-01 | Si-Bone Inc. | Implants for bone fixation or fusion |
US10376206B2 (en) | 2015-04-01 | 2019-08-13 | Si-Bone Inc. | Neuromonitoring systems and methods for bone fixation or fusion procedures |
US10034768B2 (en) | 2015-09-02 | 2018-07-31 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Implantable systems, devices and related methods |
TWI726940B (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2021-05-11 | 美商泰坦脊柱股份有限公司 | Processes for additively manufacturing orthopedic implants |
EP3493768A1 (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2019-06-12 | Titan Spine, Inc. | Implant surfaces that enhance osteoinduction |
WO2018129286A1 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2018-07-12 | Zimmer, Inc. | Adjustable orthopedic connections |
US10376385B2 (en) | 2017-04-05 | 2019-08-13 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Decoupled spacer and plate and method of installing the same |
US11452608B2 (en) | 2017-04-05 | 2022-09-27 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Decoupled spacer and plate and method of installing the same |
US10849690B2 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2020-12-01 | Zimmer, Inc. | Tool for fixed customised relative alignment of adjustable orthopedic devices |
US10925658B2 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2021-02-23 | Zimmer, Inc. | Guide wire alignment |
EP3687422A4 (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2021-09-22 | SI-Bone, Inc. | Systems and methods for decorticating the sacroiliac joint |
AU2020223180A1 (en) | 2019-02-14 | 2021-07-22 | Si-Bone Inc. | Implants for spinal fixation and or fusion |
US11369419B2 (en) | 2019-02-14 | 2022-06-28 | Si-Bone Inc. | Implants for spinal fixation and or fusion |
EP4065015A4 (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2024-01-03 | Si Bone Inc | Bone stabilizing implants and methods of placement across si joints |
US11883303B2 (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2024-01-30 | Vertebration, Inc. | Spine surgery method and instrumentation |
AU2021397743A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2023-06-22 | Si-Bone Inc. | Sacro-iliac joint stabilizing implants and methods of implantation |
Citations (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4349921A (en) * | 1980-06-13 | 1982-09-21 | Kuntz J David | Intervertebral disc prosthesis |
US4531244A (en) * | 1983-07-14 | 1985-07-30 | Hamas Robert S | Mammary prosthesis with multiple flow spaces |
US4673409A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1987-06-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Implant with attachment surface |
US4795742A (en) * | 1985-09-24 | 1989-01-03 | Yaguang Liu | Therapeutic composition from plant extracts |
US4795472A (en) * | 1987-01-28 | 1989-01-03 | Zimmer, Inc. | Prosthesis with enhanced surface finish |
US4834757A (en) * | 1987-01-22 | 1989-05-30 | Brantigan John W | Prosthetic implant |
US4865603A (en) * | 1988-02-04 | 1989-09-12 | Joint Medical Products Corporation | Metallic prosthetic devices having micro-textured outer surfaces |
US4944763A (en) * | 1988-08-24 | 1990-07-31 | Sulzer Brothers Limited | Fixing stem for a prosthesis |
US4955907A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1990-09-11 | Ledergerber Walter J | Implantable prosthetic device |
US5015247A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1991-05-14 | Michelson Gary K | Threaded spinal implant |
US5019107A (en) * | 1989-04-18 | 1991-05-28 | Bristol-Meyers Squibb Company | Prosthesis for partially replacing the joint head of a human bone |
US5306308A (en) * | 1989-10-23 | 1994-04-26 | Ulrich Gross | Intervertebral implant |
US5425772A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-06-20 | Brantigan; John W. | Prosthetic implant for intervertebral spinal fusion |
US5522899A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1996-06-04 | Sofamor Danek Properties, Inc. | Artificial spinal fusion implants |
US5553476A (en) * | 1993-08-18 | 1996-09-10 | Sulzer Medizinaltechnik Ag | Process for the production of outer attachment faces on joint implants |
US5593409A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1997-01-14 | Sofamor Danek Group, Inc. | Interbody spinal fusion implants |
US5609635A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1997-03-11 | Michelson; Gary K. | Lordotic interbody spinal fusion implants |
US5683464A (en) * | 1992-05-04 | 1997-11-04 | Sulzer Calcitek Inc. | Spinal disk implantation kit |
US5713899A (en) * | 1995-04-27 | 1998-02-03 | Societe Jbs Sa | Cervical cage designed for the performance of intersomatic arthrodesis |
US5716412A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-02-10 | Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. | Implantable article with ablated surface |
US5860973A (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1999-01-19 | Michelson; Gary Karlin | Translateral spinal implant |
US5865845A (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 1999-02-02 | Thalgott; John S. | Prosthetic intervertebral disc |
US5888227A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1999-03-30 | Synthes (U.S.A.) | Inter-vertebral implant |
US5899941A (en) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-05-04 | Chubu Bearing Kabushiki Kaisha | Artificial intervertebral disk |
US5989289A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1999-11-23 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Bone grafts |
US6019793A (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 2000-02-01 | Synthes | Surgical prosthetic device |
US6080158A (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2000-06-27 | Lin; Chih-I | Intervertebral fusion device |
US6143033A (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2000-11-07 | Synthes (Usa) | Allogenic intervertebral implant |
US6174334B1 (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2001-01-16 | Loubert Suddaby | Expandable intervertebral fusion implant and applicator |
US6190414B1 (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 2001-02-20 | Surgical Dynamics Inc. | Apparatus for fusion of adjacent bone structures |
US6210412B1 (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 2001-04-03 | Gary Karlin Michelson | Method for inserting frusto-conical interbody spinal fusion implants |
US6258125B1 (en) * | 1998-08-03 | 2001-07-10 | Synthes (U.S.A.) | Intervertebral allograft spacer |
US6325827B1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2001-12-04 | Blacksheep Technologies, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US20020068978A1 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2002-06-06 | Camino Thomas S. | Spacer assembly for use in spinal surgeries having end cap which includes serrated surface |
US6425920B1 (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2002-07-30 | James S. Hamada | Spinal fusion implant |
US6432106B1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2002-08-13 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Anterior lumbar interbody fusion cage with locking plate |
US6482233B1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2002-11-19 | Synthes(U.S.A.) | Prosthetic interbody spacer |
US6511509B1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2003-01-28 | Lifenet | Textured bone allograft, method of making and using same |
US6592624B1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2003-07-15 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Prosthetic implant element |
US6660038B2 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2003-12-09 | Synthes (Usa) | Skeletal reconstruction cages |
US20040117018A1 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2004-06-17 | Michelson Gary K. | Spinal implant surface configuration with a projection having a back cut |
US7051417B2 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2006-05-30 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Method for forming an orthopedic implant surface configuration |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US572518A (en) * | 1896-12-08 | Car-brake | ||
US68978A (en) * | 1867-09-17 | Lewis goodwin and samuel a | ||
US434921A (en) * | 1890-08-26 | Clothes-drier | ||
US673409A (en) * | 1900-04-04 | 1901-05-07 | Aaron S Nichols | Glue-press. |
SU1107854A1 (en) | 1983-03-30 | 1984-08-15 | Харьковский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Ортопедии И Травматологии Им.Проф.М.И.Ситенко | Spine fixative |
US5377481A (en) | 1993-03-17 | 1995-01-03 | Sibley; Duane L. | Apparatus for baling bulk fibrous material |
FR2708461B1 (en) | 1993-08-06 | 1995-09-29 | Advanced Technical Fabrication | Interbody implant for spine. |
US5553746A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1996-09-10 | Wilshire Partners | Plain water pressure boost system for a carbonated beverage dispenser |
GR1002935B (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1998-07-07 | The metallic intervertebral disc | |
GB9720846D0 (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 1997-12-03 | Mbt Holding Ag | Composition |
-
1999
- 1999-12-08 US US09/457,228 patent/US6827740B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-08-03 US US09/921,844 patent/US20010047208A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-03 US US09/921,851 patent/US7166129B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-10-10 US US10/683,071 patent/US7972381B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (47)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4349921A (en) * | 1980-06-13 | 1982-09-21 | Kuntz J David | Intervertebral disc prosthesis |
US4531244A (en) * | 1983-07-14 | 1985-07-30 | Hamas Robert S | Mammary prosthesis with multiple flow spaces |
US4673409A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1987-06-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Implant with attachment surface |
US4795742A (en) * | 1985-09-24 | 1989-01-03 | Yaguang Liu | Therapeutic composition from plant extracts |
US4834757A (en) * | 1987-01-22 | 1989-05-30 | Brantigan John W | Prosthetic implant |
US4795472A (en) * | 1987-01-28 | 1989-01-03 | Zimmer, Inc. | Prosthesis with enhanced surface finish |
US4955907A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1990-09-11 | Ledergerber Walter J | Implantable prosthetic device |
US4865603A (en) * | 1988-02-04 | 1989-09-12 | Joint Medical Products Corporation | Metallic prosthetic devices having micro-textured outer surfaces |
US6210412B1 (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 2001-04-03 | Gary Karlin Michelson | Method for inserting frusto-conical interbody spinal fusion implants |
US5015247A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1991-05-14 | Michelson Gary K | Threaded spinal implant |
US5593409A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1997-01-14 | Sofamor Danek Group, Inc. | Interbody spinal fusion implants |
US5522899A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1996-06-04 | Sofamor Danek Properties, Inc. | Artificial spinal fusion implants |
US5609635A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1997-03-11 | Michelson; Gary K. | Lordotic interbody spinal fusion implants |
US4944763A (en) * | 1988-08-24 | 1990-07-31 | Sulzer Brothers Limited | Fixing stem for a prosthesis |
US5019107A (en) * | 1989-04-18 | 1991-05-28 | Bristol-Meyers Squibb Company | Prosthesis for partially replacing the joint head of a human bone |
US5306308A (en) * | 1989-10-23 | 1994-04-26 | Ulrich Gross | Intervertebral implant |
US5683464A (en) * | 1992-05-04 | 1997-11-04 | Sulzer Calcitek Inc. | Spinal disk implantation kit |
US5553476A (en) * | 1993-08-18 | 1996-09-10 | Sulzer Medizinaltechnik Ag | Process for the production of outer attachment faces on joint implants |
US5755799A (en) * | 1993-08-18 | 1998-05-26 | Sulzer Medizinaltechnik Ag | Joint implant with self-engaging attachment surface |
US5425772A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-06-20 | Brantigan; John W. | Prosthetic implant for intervertebral spinal fusion |
US5860973A (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1999-01-19 | Michelson; Gary Karlin | Translateral spinal implant |
US5713899A (en) * | 1995-04-27 | 1998-02-03 | Societe Jbs Sa | Cervical cage designed for the performance of intersomatic arthrodesis |
US5989289A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1999-11-23 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Bone grafts |
US5888227A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1999-03-30 | Synthes (U.S.A.) | Inter-vertebral implant |
US5865845A (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 1999-02-02 | Thalgott; John S. | Prosthetic intervertebral disc |
US5716412A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-02-10 | Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. | Implantable article with ablated surface |
US6019793A (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 2000-02-01 | Synthes | Surgical prosthetic device |
US6190414B1 (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 2001-02-20 | Surgical Dynamics Inc. | Apparatus for fusion of adjacent bone structures |
US6511509B1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2003-01-28 | Lifenet | Textured bone allograft, method of making and using same |
US5899941A (en) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-05-04 | Chubu Bearing Kabushiki Kaisha | Artificial intervertebral disk |
US20020068978A1 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2002-06-06 | Camino Thomas S. | Spacer assembly for use in spinal surgeries having end cap which includes serrated surface |
US6482233B1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2002-11-19 | Synthes(U.S.A.) | Prosthetic interbody spacer |
US6143033A (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2000-11-07 | Synthes (Usa) | Allogenic intervertebral implant |
US6258125B1 (en) * | 1998-08-03 | 2001-07-10 | Synthes (U.S.A.) | Intervertebral allograft spacer |
US6174334B1 (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2001-01-16 | Loubert Suddaby | Expandable intervertebral fusion implant and applicator |
US6325827B1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2001-12-04 | Blacksheep Technologies, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US6080158A (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2000-06-27 | Lin; Chih-I | Intervertebral fusion device |
US6425920B1 (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2002-07-30 | James S. Hamada | Spinal fusion implant |
US6432106B1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2002-08-13 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Anterior lumbar interbody fusion cage with locking plate |
US6592624B1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2003-07-15 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Prosthetic implant element |
US20040117018A1 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2004-06-17 | Michelson Gary K. | Spinal implant surface configuration with a projection having a back cut |
US6827740B1 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2004-12-07 | Gary K. Michelson | Spinal implant surface configuration |
US7051417B2 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2006-05-30 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Method for forming an orthopedic implant surface configuration |
US7115143B1 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2006-10-03 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Orthopedic implant surface configuration |
US7166129B2 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2007-01-23 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Method for forming a spinal implant surface configuration |
US7244275B2 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2007-07-17 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Orthopedic implant surface configuration with a projection having a back cut |
US6660038B2 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2003-12-09 | Synthes (Usa) | Skeletal reconstruction cages |
Cited By (166)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7766965B2 (en) | 1994-05-06 | 2010-08-03 | Disc Dynamics, Inc. | Method of making an intervertebral disc prosthesis |
US7713301B2 (en) | 1994-05-06 | 2010-05-11 | Disc Dynamics, Inc. | Intervertebral disc prosthesis |
US6592624B1 (en) | 1999-11-24 | 2003-07-15 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Prosthetic implant element |
US10925647B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2021-02-23 | Roger P. Jackson | Threaded closure with inwardly-facing tool engaging concave radiused structures and axial through-aperture |
US10993745B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2021-05-04 | Roger P. Jackson | Threaded closure mechanism having a closed body with inwardly-facing concave radiused tool engaging surfaces and a downwardly extending rod-engaging structure |
US6520993B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-02-18 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Spinal implant |
US6558424B2 (en) | 2001-06-28 | 2003-05-06 | Depuy Acromed | Modular anatomic fusion device |
US6726720B2 (en) | 2002-03-27 | 2004-04-27 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Modular disc prosthesis |
CN100428920C (en) * | 2002-03-30 | 2008-10-29 | 斯恩蒂斯有限公司 | Surgical implant |
WO2003082160A1 (en) * | 2002-03-30 | 2003-10-09 | Mathys Medizinaltechnik Ag | Surgical implant |
US20050065604A1 (en) * | 2002-03-30 | 2005-03-24 | Thierry Stoll | Surgical implant |
US7135042B2 (en) | 2002-03-30 | 2006-11-14 | Hfsc Company | Surgical implant |
US11224464B2 (en) | 2002-05-09 | 2022-01-18 | Roger P. Jackson | Threaded closure with inwardly-facing tool engaging concave radiused structures and axial through-aperture |
US8262731B2 (en) | 2002-05-23 | 2012-09-11 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Artificial disc device |
US9351852B2 (en) | 2002-05-23 | 2016-05-31 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Artificial disc device |
US8241360B2 (en) | 2002-05-23 | 2012-08-14 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Artificial disc device |
US8388684B2 (en) | 2002-05-23 | 2013-03-05 | Pioneer Signal Technology, Inc. | Artificial disc device |
US9554919B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2017-01-31 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US8597356B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2013-12-03 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Intervertebral implant |
US9289309B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2016-03-22 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US8231675B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2012-07-31 | Synthes Usa, Llc | Intervertebral implant |
US7918876B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2011-04-05 | Theken Spine, Llc | Spinal implant adjustment device |
US9445916B2 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2016-09-20 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Joint arthroplasty devices having articulating members |
US11278327B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2022-03-22 | Roger P. Jackson | Pivotal bone anchor receiver assembly with unitary and multi-part interchangeable threaded closures |
AU2005304333B2 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2011-07-21 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Intervertebral spacer |
JP4920594B2 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2012-04-18 | ウォーソー・オーソペディック・インコーポレーテッド | Intervertebral spacer |
US11564714B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2023-01-31 | Roger P. Jackson | Spinal stabilization implant assemblies with interchangeable threaded closures |
US7875080B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2011-01-25 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Intervertebral spacer |
JP2008519667A (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2008-06-12 | ウォーソー・オーソペディック・インコーポレーテッド | Intervertebral spacer |
US11147591B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2021-10-19 | Roger P Jackson | Pivotal bone anchor receiver assembly with threaded closure |
WO2006053265A3 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-11-23 | Sdgi Holdings Inc | Intervertebral spacer |
WO2006053265A2 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-05-18 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Intervertebral spacer |
US20060100705A1 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-05-11 | Rolando Puno | Intervertebral spacer |
US7736380B2 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2010-06-15 | Rhausler, Inc. | Cervical plate system |
US9125756B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-09-08 | Titan Spine, Llc | Processes for producing regular repeating patterns on surfaces of interbody devices |
US9011546B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-04-21 | Titan Spine, Llc | Composite implants having integration surfaces composed of a regular repeating pattern |
US9655745B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2017-05-23 | Titan Spine, Llc | Methods for manufacturing implants having integration surfaces |
US20060265065A1 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2006-11-23 | Bagga Charanpreet S | Anterior interbody spinal implant |
US8545568B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-01 | Titan Spine, Llc | Method of using instruments and interbody spinal implants to enhance distraction |
US8551176B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-08 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant having a passage for enhancing contact between bone graft material and cortical endplate bone |
US8562685B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-22 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant and integration plate for optimizing vertebral endplate contact load-bearing edges |
US8562684B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-22 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having a roughened surface topography |
US8585765B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-19 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant having a raised expulsion-resistant edge |
US8585766B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-19 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having durable connectors |
US8585767B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-19 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having durable connectors |
US8591590B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-26 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant having a transverse aperture |
US8480749B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-07-09 | Titan Spine, Llc | Friction fit and vertebral endplate-preserving spinal implant |
US8617248B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-12-31 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant having variable ratios of the integration surface area to the axial passage area |
US8758442B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2014-06-24 | Titan Spine, Llc | Composite implants having integration surfaces composed of a regular repeating pattern |
US8758443B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2014-06-24 | Titan Spine, Llc | Implants with integration surfaces having regular repeating surface patterns |
US8814939B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2014-08-26 | Titan Spine, Llc | Implants having three distinct surfaces |
US8834571B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2014-09-16 | Titan Spine, Llc | Interbody spinal implant having a roughened surface topography |
US8940053B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-01-27 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant and integration plate for optimizing vertebral endplate contact load-bearing edges |
US8992622B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-03-31 | Titan Spine, Llc | Interbody spinal implant having a roughened surface topography |
US7662186B2 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2010-02-16 | Titan Spine, Llc | Anterior interbody spinal implant |
US8262737B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2012-09-11 | Titan Spine, Llc | Composite interbody spinal implant having openings of predetermined size and shape |
US11096796B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2021-08-24 | Titan Spine, Llc | Interbody spinal implant having a roughened surface topography on one or more internal surfaces |
US9433511B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2016-09-06 | Titan Spine, Llc | Interbody spinal implant having a roughened surface topography |
US9168147B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-10-27 | Titan Spine, Llc | Self-deploying locking screw retention device |
US8403991B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-03-26 | Titan Spine Llc | Implant with critical ratio of load bearing surface area to central opening area |
US9327051B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2016-05-03 | Titan Spine, Llc | Implants with integration surfaces having regular repeating surface patterns |
US8496710B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-07-30 | Titan Spine, Llc | Interbody spinal implant having a roughened surface topography |
US20080262623A1 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2008-10-23 | Titan Spine, Llc | Composite interbody spinal implant having openings of predetermined size and shape |
US8435302B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-05-07 | Titan Spine, Llc | Instruments and interbody spinal implants enhancing disc space distraction |
US9492291B2 (en) | 2005-08-15 | 2016-11-15 | Kunovus Pty Ltd. | Systems, methods and apparatuses for formation and insertion of tissue prosthesis |
US7641674B2 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2010-01-05 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Devices for securing elongated spinal connecting elements in bone anchors |
US20070208344A1 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-06 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Devices for securing elongated spinal connecting elements in bone anchors |
US20070225810A1 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-27 | Dennis Colleran | Flexible cage spinal implant |
US7976549B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2011-07-12 | Theken Spine, Llc | Instruments for delivering spinal implants |
US8506636B2 (en) | 2006-09-08 | 2013-08-13 | Theken Spine, Llc | Offset radius lordosis |
US9233011B2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2016-01-12 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Systems and apparatuses for inserting an implant in intervertebral space |
US10080667B2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2018-09-25 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral disc implant |
US9693872B2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2017-07-04 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral disc implant |
US10219910B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2019-03-05 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical distraction method |
US11285010B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2022-03-29 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical distraction method |
US11559408B2 (en) | 2008-01-09 | 2023-01-24 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for accessing and treating the facet joint |
US10172721B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2019-01-08 | Providence Technology, Inc. | Spinal facet cage implant |
US10568666B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2020-02-25 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Vertebral joint implants and delivery tools |
US11058553B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2021-07-13 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal facet cage implant |
US10456175B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2019-10-29 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Vertebral joint implants and delivery tools |
US11224521B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2022-01-18 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical distraction/implant delivery device |
US11890038B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2024-02-06 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Vertebral joint implants and delivery tools |
US10588672B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2020-03-17 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Vertebral joint implants and delivery tools |
US11141144B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2021-10-12 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Facet joint implants and delivery tools |
US10149673B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2018-12-11 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Facet joint implants and delivery tools |
US11344339B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2022-05-31 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Vertebral joint implants and delivery tools |
US10238501B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2019-03-26 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical distraction/implant delivery device |
US10226285B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2019-03-12 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Vertebral joint implants and delivery tools |
US10039649B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2018-08-07 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Composite spinal facet implant with textured surfaces |
US11272964B2 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2022-03-15 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Vertebral joint implants and delivery tools |
US10238426B2 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2019-03-26 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Blade fixation for ankle fusion and arthroplasty |
US9480511B2 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2016-11-01 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Blade fixation for ankle fusion and arthroplasty |
US9788973B2 (en) | 2010-03-16 | 2017-10-17 | Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc | Spinal implant |
US9649203B2 (en) | 2010-03-16 | 2017-05-16 | Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc | Methods of post-filling an intervertebral implant |
US9216096B2 (en) | 2010-03-16 | 2015-12-22 | Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc | Intervertebral implants and related tools |
US20120116457A1 (en) * | 2010-11-06 | 2012-05-10 | Limited Liability Company; | Stabilizer for assisting stabilization of a spinal implant and method of using the stabilizer |
US9925051B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2018-03-27 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Arthroplasty systems and methods |
US10342667B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2019-07-09 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Arthroplasty systems and methods |
US11197763B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2021-12-14 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Arthroplasty systems and methods |
US9132021B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2015-09-15 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US9387092B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2016-07-12 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US9883949B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2018-02-06 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US10869767B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2020-12-22 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US11654031B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2023-05-23 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US9254130B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2016-02-09 | Hyun Bae | Blade anchor systems for bone fusion |
US10245090B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2019-04-02 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Blade anchor systems for bone fusion |
US8992619B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2015-03-31 | Titan Spine, Llc | Microstructured implant surfaces |
US9380932B1 (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2016-07-05 | Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc | Retractor devices for minimally invasive access to the spine |
US9241807B2 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2016-01-26 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Systems and methods for inserting a spinal device |
US10159514B2 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2018-12-25 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Method of implanting a bone plate |
US11696786B2 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2023-07-11 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Instrument for inserting a spinal device |
US10980575B2 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2021-04-20 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Instrument for inserting a spinal device |
US11129646B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2021-09-28 | Roger P. Jackson | Medical implant threaded plug having a start structure with symmetrically shaped concave and convex leading surfaces |
US11399873B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2022-08-02 | Roger P. Jackson | Medical implant threaded plug having a start structure |
US10898233B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2021-01-26 | Roger P. Jackson | Medical implant receivers having dual lead in closure mating thread forms and curvate extending instrument engaging grooves |
US9848995B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2017-12-26 | Titan Spine Llc | Process for fabricating bioactive vertebral endplate bone-contacting surfaces on a spinal implant |
WO2013142480A1 (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2013-09-26 | Titan Spine, Llc | Friction-fit spinal endplate and endplate-preserving method |
US10238382B2 (en) | 2012-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Blade anchor for foot and ankle |
US9642721B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2017-05-09 | Titan Spine, Llc | Implants with self-deploying anchors |
US9498349B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2016-11-22 | Titan Spine, Llc | Expandable spinal implant with expansion wedge and anchor |
USRE48501E1 (en) | 2012-10-23 | 2021-04-06 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cage spinal implant |
US10687855B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2020-06-23 | Roger P. Jackson | Bone anchor receiver with extension portions having controlled splay allowance helically wound flange forms |
US10070970B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2018-09-11 | Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc | Interbody implants and graft delivery systems |
US10925749B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2021-02-23 | Revivo Medical, Llc | Intervertebral cage and method of treating vertebrae with an intervertebral cage |
EP3049031A4 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2017-03-29 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal facet cage implant |
US9615935B2 (en) | 2014-01-30 | 2017-04-11 | Titan Spine, Llc | Thermally activated shape memory spring assemblies for implant expansion |
US11058466B2 (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2021-07-13 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Lateral mass fixation system |
US10201375B2 (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2019-02-12 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Lateral mass fixation system |
JP2017537740A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-12-21 | ボストン サイエンティフィック サイムド,インコーポレイテッドBoston Scientific Scimed,Inc. | Stent with anti-migration element |
JP2020116399A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2020-08-06 | ボストン サイエンティフィック サイムド,インコーポレイテッドBoston Scientific Scimed,Inc. | Stent with anti-migration element |
US10849764B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2020-12-01 | K2M, Inc. | Interbody spacer |
US10660763B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2020-05-26 | K2M, Inc. | Spinal implant |
US11382763B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2022-07-12 | K2M, Inc. | Interbody spacer |
US9987051B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2018-06-05 | K2M, Inc. | Interbody spacer |
US11638651B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2023-05-02 | K2M, Inc. | Spinal implant |
US10028841B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2018-07-24 | K2M, Inc. | Interbody spacer |
US11285016B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2022-03-29 | K2M, Inc. | Vertebral plate systems and methods of use |
US10271958B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2019-04-30 | K2M, Inc. | Interbody spacer |
USD824518S1 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2018-07-31 | K2M, Inc. | Spinal implant |
USD841165S1 (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2019-02-19 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical cage |
US10682243B2 (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2020-06-16 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal joint implant delivery device and system |
USD884895S1 (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2020-05-19 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical cage |
US11065039B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2021-07-20 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal implant and methods of using the same |
USD887552S1 (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2020-06-16 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical cage |
US10390955B2 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2019-08-27 | Engage Medical Holdings, Llc | Bone implants |
US10456272B2 (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2019-10-29 | Engage Uni Llc | Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty |
US11540928B2 (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2023-01-03 | Engage Uni Llc | Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty |
US11369488B2 (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2022-06-28 | Engage Uni Llc | Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty |
GB2563710B (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2020-07-29 | Alphatec Spine Inc | Intervertebral cage with porosity gradient |
JP2018183571A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2018-11-22 | アルファテック スパイン, インコーポレイテッド | Intervertebral cage with porosity gradient |
US10940019B2 (en) | 2017-03-14 | 2021-03-09 | Alphatec Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral cage with porosity gradient |
US11596527B2 (en) | 2017-03-14 | 2023-03-07 | Alphatec Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral cage with porosity gradient |
GB2563710A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2018-12-26 | Alphatec Spine Inc | Intervertebral cage with porosity gradient |
US11871968B2 (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2024-01-16 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal fixation access and delivery system |
US10959855B2 (en) | 2017-05-25 | 2021-03-30 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Fusion cage with integrated fixation and insertion features |
US11583412B2 (en) | 2017-05-25 | 2023-02-21 | Stryker European Operations Holdings Llc | Fusion cage with integrated fixation and insertion features |
US11701146B2 (en) | 2017-07-07 | 2023-07-18 | K2M, Inc. | Surgical implant and methods of additive manufacturing |
US11006981B2 (en) | 2017-07-07 | 2021-05-18 | K2M, Inc. | Surgical implant and methods of additive manufacturing |
US11147682B2 (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2021-10-19 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implants, instruments, and methods |
USD968613S1 (en) | 2017-10-09 | 2022-11-01 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
USD907771S1 (en) | 2017-10-09 | 2021-01-12 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US11648128B2 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2023-05-16 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Facet screw and delivery device |
US11813172B2 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2023-11-14 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Facet screw and delivery device |
USD933230S1 (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2021-10-12 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Cervical cage |
USD911525S1 (en) | 2019-06-21 | 2021-02-23 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal cage |
USD945621S1 (en) | 2020-02-27 | 2022-03-08 | Providence Medical Technology, Inc. | Spinal cage |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6827740B1 (en) | 2004-12-07 |
US20040117018A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
US7166129B2 (en) | 2007-01-23 |
US7972381B2 (en) | 2011-07-05 |
US20020013624A1 (en) | 2002-01-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7166129B2 (en) | Method for forming a spinal implant surface configuration | |
US7051417B2 (en) | Method for forming an orthopedic implant surface configuration | |
US11690728B2 (en) | Intervertebral implant with keel | |
US7537616B1 (en) | Impacted orthopedic bone support implant | |
US7691148B2 (en) | Frusto-conical spinal implant | |
EP1427342B1 (en) | Bilateral laminoplasty implants | |
EP1420708B1 (en) | Capture-graft laminoplasty implants | |
US8070782B2 (en) | Facet fusion implants and methods of use | |
US7611536B2 (en) | Hemi-interbody spinal fusion implants manufactured from a major long bone ring | |
US20040127994A1 (en) | Implant for placement between vertebrae | |
US20040127993A1 (en) | Spreader implant for placement between vertebrae | |
US20110093078A1 (en) | Intervertebral Spacer |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SDGI HOLDINGS, INC.,DELAWARE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MICHELSON, GARY KARLIN;KARLIN TECHNOLOGY, INC.;REEL/FRAME:016195/0282 Effective date: 20050517 Owner name: SDGI HOLDINGS, INC., DELAWARE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MICHELSON, GARY KARLIN;KARLIN TECHNOLOGY, INC.;REEL/FRAME:016195/0282 Effective date: 20050517 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: WARSAW ORTHOPEDIC, INC., INDIANA Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:SDGI HOLDINGS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:018552/0126 Effective date: 20060428 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: WARSAW ORTHOPEDIC, INC.,INDIANA Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:SDGI HOLDINGS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:018573/0086 Effective date: 20061201 Owner name: WARSAW ORTHOPEDIC, INC., INDIANA Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:SDGI HOLDINGS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:018573/0086 Effective date: 20061201 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: WARSAW ORTHOPEDIC, INC, INDIANA Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT T0 REMOVE APPLICATION NUMBER PREVIOUSLY RECORDED AT REEL: 018573 FRAME: 0086. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE MERGER;ASSIGNOR:SDGI HOLDINGS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:033904/0891 Effective date: 20061201 |