US1937523A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 5, 1933. MAcHlNlST 1,937,523

LOCK

Filed April 29, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. HAROLD NACHIHJSZZI' MfM A TTORNE YS.

Dec. 5, 1933. H. MACHINIST 1,937,523

LOCK

Filed April 29, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 r 113% INVEN TOR.

HAROLD NH 0211111152",

wy W A TTORNEYS.

H. MACHINIST Dec. 5, 1933.

LOCK

Filed April 29, l932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIGJZQC.

SELECTOR. RINGM poTANOQASH NEUTRAL Posn'pou.

NEUTRALYO DOTTED POITI H- F'U -L PosnnoNA 1 PosvruoNM INVEN TOR. HAROLD MACH 1x151.

A TTORNE 'S .EIEnlS- Patented Dec. 1933 I v I I UNITED STATES PATENT C LOCK Harold Machinist, San Quentin, Califl, .assignor of one-tenth to Margaret Slater, Berkeley,. Calif. I r 1.

Application April 29, 1932. Serial No. 608,305

5 Claims. (CI. 7053) This invention relates to improvements in Fig. 17 is afragmentary view of the selector. locks and has particular reference to a permutaring used in combination with thedial.

.tion lock combined with a key actuated look of Fig. 18 is a diagrammatic v ew show ng the the cylinder type. manner in which the key actuates the I, sliding 5 The principal object of this invention is to lock block, produce a lock wherein the mechanism must be Fig. 19 is a rear elevation partly broken away actuated by a key to produce the unlocking acto show the means of locking .thecase, and I tion of the lock and wherein the key cannot be Figs. 20, 21 and 22 illustrate the various posiinserted until a certain combination has been tions of'the selector ringsinoperating the lock. worked out on a rotating dial thus eliminating In my co-pending application, Serial No. 65 the possibility of a person picking the lock or 564,165, filed September 21st, 1931, I have disinserting a dummy key thereinto. closed. a lock'constructionand the present ap- 1 An additional object or" the invention is to plication serves to simplify said construction and produce a lock equipped with means to eliminate to define a unique and novel means to prevent the opening of the parts'from the rear of the accessto' the look from the rear thereof even- 70 lock except by an authorized person. when the lock has been removed except by a A further object is to produce a device which person knowing the combination. I is simple to construct, easy to install and simple, It is a well-known fact that it is possible to to operate. 1 pick'a cylinder type lock. It is also possible'to A still further object is to produce a lock whereworkout the combination of a permutation lock. 75 in various combinations may be easily changed I Applicant, however, has combined a cylinder even by an unskilled person, thus enabling the typelock with a permutation lock and in such combination to be changed from time to time, a manner that the key cannot be inserted in the if desired. lock until a proper combination has'been worked] Other objects and advantages will be apparent and by providing a sliding lock block itis imposso during the course of the following description. sible to test for various combinations as the key In the accompanying drawings forming a part cannot be inserted until the complete combinaof this specification and in which like numerals tion has been worked out. In other words were are employed to designate like parts throughout it not for this sliding lockblock a'person could the same, work out one combination, insert the keya short Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a lock casing hav distance, Work the e combination, insert ing my lock arrangement attached thereto, the key further and thus progressively pick the Fig. 2 is an end elevation of Fig. 1, 100k, I I y I 1 Figs. 3, 4 and 5 designate thelvarious'direc- In the accompanying drawings wherein for tions of rotation of the dial in order to spell the purpose of illustration'is'shown a preferred 90 out a particular combination which will permit embodiment of my invention, the numeral:5 desthe insertion of a key within the lock, ignates the cylinder of an ordinary cylinder type Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical cross section look within which is positionedtheordinary taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1, key barrel 6 having a key-way '7. The custom- Fig. '7 is a cross sectional view taken on the ary tumblers and their operating parts are desig- 95 line 7- 7 of Fig. 6, nated as a whole by the numerals'8,.9,'"11 and Fig. 8 is a top plan View of one of the selector 12. These tumblers are each provided with a' rings, pin 13, which pins when in depressed position Fig. 9 isa top plan view of the barrel, have their'upper extremities flush with the bot- Fig. 10 is a rear elevation of the barrel of tom of the sliding lock block, to'be later desc'ribed. 100

Fig. 9, i i Itis understood that all of the tumblers are Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view of one oii'the normally held in looking position by the usualspacerrings, I I I I springs... The construction thus far described Fig. 12 is a side elevation partly in cross secwould operate as an ordinary lock by employing tion of the sliding lock block, and holder, v Z the ordinary'key the only difference being'that 1 5 Fig. 13 is a top plan View of the sliding lock I have provided thepinsl3 on eachof thetum 1 block holder, I I Y I blers. I I l I II Fig. 14 is a front and side elevationof the dial, In order .to'prevent a lock, of the type thus Figs. 15 and 16 are perspective views of. two fardescribed, from being picked, I mount upon of the selector rings,

the cy linderS, a dial-1e which is rotatable on this cylinder. Thisdial has an annular groove 16 within which is a key 17 which is adapted to enter one of the recesses 15' formed on the dial selector ring is inserted in the annular groove 'so that the slot 21 is directly behind a letter formed upon the dial face, which letter is to be used in working out the dial combina-' tion. In the present instance; as a matter of illustration, we have used the'word HAM and as the dial selector ring operates the last letter of this wor d, that is, in assembling the lock the 'word must be spelled backwards as"\/iAH, the

slot 2l.will be placed directly behind the letter M or thedial. After being soplaced the dial and selector ring are placed upon the cylinder 5. The next step is toplace uponthe cylinder,

a spacer ring 22'. This spacer ring has inwardly extending lugs"-23[which slide in grooves '24 formed in the side of the barrel,.which lugs prevent rotationof the spacer ring. This spacer ring has a slot 28 similar to the slot 21 and so arranged as ntcoverlie a. groove 27"formed in the top of the'barrel at a point above the pins 13,. The next: step in assembling my lock is to place; upon the cylinder and intermediate selec- . tothe grooves 21 and 26.

tor ring28 which ring has a groove 29 similar I This intermediate ring has indicia forme'diupon its outer surface which indicia is'be'st'illustrated' in Fig. 8, where, it will be noted: that. a star is placeddirectly above the slot 29 and the alphabet is spaced around the periphery. Openings 31 are formed through the selectorring for the receptionoi pins, two pins. being placed on one side of the selector and one pin on the other. To illustrate using theword HAM? the first: pin.30 will be placed one space the letter to be used, that 'is,,as the middle letter, of theword HAM-is A,

the'pin will be placed in the hole in line the letter B. .Always considerthe letters as extending around the periphery in the direction in which the ring is turning; For instance, A is on one'side'of the star and Z is on the opposite side of .the star. If the ring is turning toward the right inliigj 8, then the next spaceto the star is A. However, it" the ring is being turned toe ward the left then the space marked Z must, be considered as A. A second pin .32 is now placed in the ring and spaced one, letter before the next letter to be dialed, as for example, if the last letter tobe dialed is 1-1 then the'second pin will be placed in The ring is now placed upon .fthe cylinder in such apositionthat the slot 29 is'overthe slot 27 of the cylinder. A spacerring is now placed upon the cylinder, which spacer ring is similar to that described as spacer ring 22;} A carrier pin 33 is placed in the opposite side of the ring from the pins 30 and 32 and directly V oppositeithe groove 29, which pin overlies the "spacerringso as to contact similar pins'upon the final selector ring. The final selector rin'g 35 is now placed upon the cylinder and this selector ring carries two pins, one pin 34 is placed in the 'opening'opposite the letter H, the first lete ter'of the word HAM; The second pin 36 is spaced from this first pin one more space than the, number of theletter to be'dialed. For

I instance H, isfto be dialed and H isthe eighth letter in the alphabet, then the second position of Fig. 18.

moved toward the front of the lock.

pin willbe spaced nine spaces or in the Q opening of the ring. A final spacer ring is now placed on the cylinder.

This completes the permutation portion of the lock and in order that. the same may function E slidably position in the barrel 5, a pin 37 having a cam head 38, which cam head abuts acarn surface 39 iormeduponthe sliding lock block 41. This sliding lock block hasapair. of upstanding lugs 42 and 43 and openings 44 therethrough so that the pins 13 may be projected into the lock block when the'lock block is in the position of Fig. 18. This lock block slides upon ablock holder 46 which-block holder has a slot 47 so that the pins 13'rnay be passed therethrough.

A spring 43 is confined between the block 41 and the block holder46. the block holder 46'and adapted to enter a recess 51 formed in the casing .52. I

The result of this last construction is that the sliding lock block and block holder willnorrnally be in the position shown in Fig. 6, the holes 44 A lug 49 is formed upon in the block will be out of alignment with the. pins 13 and the selector rings will lie behind the projections 42 and .43; In this Fig. 5, however, the rings have been turned so that the slots 21, 29 and 40 are in position for the s 'in'ove to unlocking position.

,Now assuming that the lock is readyfor the key andthe key is inserted, the first act of the key will be to shove upwardiy upon the pin 37 with the result that the cam surface 38 acting upon the cam surface as will'push the lock block against the tension of the It will as the key is inserted to its pin 37 will move freely up and down over the succeeding ridges andv'alleys of the key, there being no ridges higher than the first ridge which caused theblock 41 to move to a position, to align the holes 44 withtheir respective pins 13. This spring 48 into thebe here noted that greatest extent, the

iiding block to {W111 p t, the key to. be further inserted in! the. 7

barrel as the pins 13 may now move upwardly through the key isrenioved from the barrel the dial is turned "sli htly the selector rings will lie be the openings 44 an d the lock may be actuated in the customary manner. As soon as hind the projections 42 and 43 of the'lcck block and therefore the key cannot again be inserted nor can the lock be picked as the tumblers are i all held downwardly by the pins striking the undersurfa'ce of the lockblcck. Thecasing can- 4 not be removed to find out combination for the reason that the projection 49 heldin the recess 51'by the spring 48,.andcan only be ro moved when the combination has been worked out, which will permit the bloclrholder being In Fig. 6 it will be noted that -the nose cfthe pin 37 is in alignment with the end of the holder 46 and until the pin has raised togthe posit n of Fig! 18, this holder cannot be'znoved and, therefore, the casing is locked until'the combination has been worked "out, after which "thefkey can be inserted thus'raising the pin 37 permitting the holder to be pushed toward the front of the lock through the useof a screw driver or similar instrument, after which .thecasing may beremcved and threadedly disengaged from the cylinder. f V I 7 From the above it will be, evident that the sliding lock block and holder serve to prevent insertion of thekey in the key slot and also serve tolock the casing onto the barrel. Also the sliding lock block and holder cannot be actuated until the selector rings have all been rotated so as to bring their slots 21, 29 and 40 into alignment, thus permitting the lock block to slide so as to bring the openings 44 into'alignment with the pins 13, after which the, key may be inserted to move the lock block and while the key is inserted, the casing may be removed by pressing upon the holder forcing it against the tension of the spring 48, thus permitting a person to remove the casing and the selector rings, for the purpose of changing the pins to different holes in the rings to effect a new combination.

It will thus be seen that I have perfected a lock which will accomplish all of the objects above set forth.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as a preferred example of the same and that various changes relative to the material, size, shape and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:-

1. In a lock, the combination with a lock cylinder and a barrel, of a key actuated mechanism positioned therein, said mechanism including a plurality of tumblers having pins attached thereto, a recess formed in said barrel, a lock block slidable in said recess, said block having openings therein and adapted to receive the ends of said pins when said pins are actuated by a key, said lock block having projections formed thereon, and a plurality of rings rotatable on said barrel, each of said rings having'a slot formed therein whereby the projections on said block may be moved into said slots.

2. In a lock, the combination with a lock cylinder, a key actuated mechanism positioned in said cylinder and including a plurality of key actuated tumblers, each of said tumblers having a pin secured thereto, a sliding lock block positioned on said cylinder and having a cam formed on one end thereof, said block having openings therein for the reception of the ends of said pins when said tumblers are moved to unlocking position, a sliding pin positioned in said cylinder and having a cam capable of engaging the cam of said block when said pin is actuated by a key whereby said lock block is moved to align saidopenings with said tumbler pins. I

3. In a lock, the combination with .a lock cylinder, a key actuated mechanism positioned in said cylinder and including a plurality ofkey, actuated tumblers, each of said tumblers having a pin secured thereto, a sliding lock block posi-' tioned on said cylinder and having a cam formedon one end thereof, said block having openings therein for the reception of the ends of said pins when said tumblers are moved to unlocking position, a sliding pin positioned in said cylinder and having a cam capable of engaging the cam o1 said block when said pin is actuated by akey' whereby said lock block is moved to align saidopenings with said tumbler pins, a dial rotatably positioned on said barrel, and a plurality of selector rings rotatable on said barrel, said selector rings preventing movement of said lock block through the actuation of said key until said rings have been moved to a pre-determined position.

4. In a lock, the combination with a lock cylinder, a key actuated mechanism positioned in said" cylinder and including aplurality of key actuated tumblers, each of said tumblers having a pin secured thereto, a sliding lock block positioned on'said cylinder and having a cam formed on one end thereof, said block having openings therein for the reception of the ends of said pins when said tumblers are moved to unlocking position, a sliding pin positioned in'said cylinder and having a cam capable of engaging the cam of said block when said pin is actuated by a key whereby said, lock block is moved to align said openings with said tumbler pins, a dial rotatably positioned on said barrel, a plurality of selector rings rotatable on said barrel, said selector rings preventing movement of the lock block through the actuation of said key until i said rings have been moved to a pre-determined position, a holder for said lock block, said holder having a projection formed thereon, acasing enclosing said cylinder and said rings, said casing having a recess formed therein and adapted to receive said projection on said holder.

5. In a lock, the combination with a lock'cylinder, a key actuated mechanism positioned in. said cylinder and including a plurality'of key actuated tumblers, each of said tumblers having a. pin secured thereto, a sliding lock block positioned on said cylinder and having a cam formed on one end thereof, said block having openings therein for thereception of the ends of said pins when said tumblers are moved to unlocking position, a sliding pin positioned in said cylinder and having a cam capable of engaging the cam of said block when said pin is actuated by-a key whereby said lock block is moved to align said openings with said tumbler pins, a dial rotatablypositioned on said barrel, a plurality of selector rings rotatable on said barrel, said selector rings preventing movement of the lock block through the actuation of said key until said rings have been moved to a pre-determined position, a holder for said lock b1ock,-said holder having a projection formed thereon, a casing enclosing said cylinder and said rings, said cas ing having a recess formed therein, and adapted to receive said projection on said holder, and means interposed between said lock block and said holder for normally'holding said block and said holder in locked position.

HAROLD MACHINIST.

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