US1924414A - Building structure - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 29, 1933- H. s. RING 1,924,414

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed Jan. 2, 1930 i A TTORNE Y.

Patented Aug. 29, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BUILDING STRUCTURE Harry S. Ring, Chicago,- Ill.

Application January 2, 1930. Serial No. 417,893

2 Claims.

The present invention relates to a building structure and has particularly-to do with an improved construction of houses, garages, and other buildings.

It should be apparent, of course, that the novel features hereinafter described are not limited to the type of building illustrated, but may be employed for other structures.

The primary object of the invention is to cheapen building construction by requiring less and cheaper material and by necessitating less labor.

A secondary object of the invention is economy of space in the type of structure illustrated and described, this economy being obtained by employing thinner walls than is usual in buildings of the same bulk but obtaining the same relative strength for the finished building. For example, walls of but three inches thickness in the present invention compare favorably with the usual eight or nine inch brick or cement block walls or the usual six inch hollow tile employed by bearing walls. This economy of space is obtained without sacrificing strength or durability. As the present wall structure is lighter than other types, a further economy in foundation structure may also be effected.

A further object of the invention is to obtain a building that is stronger than one of ordinary masonry due to the employment of a metal skeleton.

These objects, and such other objects as may hereinafter appear, are obtained by the novel construction, unique arrangement and improved combination of the several elements employed, a single embodiment of the invention being illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:-

Figure l is a horizontal section on the line 1--1 of Figure 2 illustrating the lower frame members for the structure herein described and showing temporary reinforcing members;

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the permanent skeleton and a temporary frame showing horizont'al and vertical skeleton members with their obliquelydisposed temporary reinforcing elements;

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional detail showing the manner of joining peaked roof frame members to the corner of the structure;

, Figure 4 is a side elevation partly in section and with a number of the wall slabs broken away to illustrate the permanent frame structure, there being a special form of slab shown conjointLv with the usual form in said figure; v

Figure 5 is an enlarged horizontal fragmentary section showing a part of two walls, a corner, anal the manner of attaching a door and a hinge; an

Figure 6 is a fragmentary detail of the initial temporary supporting frame-work taken at one corner of the structure.

Like reference characters are used to designate similar parts in the drawing and in the description of the invention which follows.

In building a house, a garage or other building, of the present type, a base frame is first laid. In the structure illustrated in the drawing, this includes channel irons 10 which are side members disposed horizontally to form the base portion of the steel frame-work.

The base frame work of the bottom of the house, garage or building, comprises four channel irons 10 at'90" angles which are joined together by clips 11 (see Figure 6) in a square or rectangular shape as shown, the channel irons 10 having bolt holes arranged at the proper points for attaching other members.

Said channel irons 10 are generally joined at their ends by the angle iron clips 11, and when so laid and fastened, the channel irons 10 determine the shape of the ends and sides of the building.

Such a frame work of channel irons 10 and clips 11 is naturally assembled at the location of the finished building.

A member 12, say an angle iron, may be disposed diagonally across the channel irons 10 to form a template therewith for insuring that said channel irons are maintained in a horizontally adjusted position. The rectangular framework formed of members 10, 11 and 12 is raised in any suitable manner to a proper position to bring the walls to their proper elevation and it is held in such position by the blocking up from the ground of the channel members 10.

A truly horizontal position is obtained by employing a spirit level or in any other suitable manner. When this is done, holes 16 are bored for foundation piers 1'7. Using selected and properly spaced bolt holes in the channel irons 10 and clips 34 as indicators, the hole 16 is dug in the earth at each point where an upright skeleton member or stud 15,- 32, and 35 is to be erected.

When the foundation piers 1.7 are laid, the uprights 15 are attached to the channel irons 10, generally being bolted thereto. Thus the permanent skeleton of the building is assembled, the upright wall supporting members or studs 15 being bolted to the horizontal members 10, the ends of the studs 15 extending into the foundation holes 16 a short distance, say about a foot.

To the studs 15, an angle iron member 18 may be bolted or otherwise attached, such member 18 being on the outside of the several studs 15. Thereafter, temporary diagonal members 30 are employed to hold the studs 15 in upright position and in parallelism. Similar members 31 are disposed across angle irons 18 to further strengthen and stiffen the structure and to prevent bulging. Such upright members or studs 15 may comprise I beams of suitable dimension and the diagonal members 30 and 31 may comprise angle irons.

At the corners, angle irons 32 are arranged in upright position to provide strong and protective corners for the whole building. In Figure 6, it is shown that where a corner angle iron upright or stud is attached, there is necessitated an angle iron clip 34 instead of using direct attachment of the angle iron to the channel iron framework.

In order to facilitate the rapid assembly of a frame, all of the holes necessary for the various bolts required to join the several frame members may be located in advance of construction in predetermined positions so that in advance of putting up a structure, suitable material may be arranged for, andhouses or other structures may be cut to form so to speak, as to their frame material.

When such. bolt holes are pre-arranged, the entire skeleton structure may be arranged in plumb or in level, the bolt holes serving as guides to carry out such an arrangement. The proper leveling and blocking of the horizontal floor members facilitates keeping the entire building in true. When the frame members 10 are once properly leveled and plumbed, no additional levelling or plumbing is usually necessary.

When the preliminary steps of arranging the frame herein described are taken, concrete is poured into the foundation holes 16 under and around the lower ends of the studs 15, 32, and 35 whereby to form a permanent support or foundation therefor in the form of piers or posts 17. If the ground upon which the structure is to stand is low at any point, forms may be made about the holes 16 in the earth, and such molds may be arranged to extend from the top surface of the earth sufiiciently to bring the tops of the piers 17 to a proper level in respect to the studs 15 or horizontal members 10.

When the frame is completed and the foundation laid as indicated, intermediate the I beam vertical members or studs 15, curtain members 19 are installed. The curtain members 19 comprise concrete slabs, say about one foot by three feet by two and one-half inches thick. Each has a reduced end 20, and these may be parallel as is shown in the two blocks at the lower right hand comer of Figure 4. The ends 20 of the curtain members project between the flanges 21 of the I beams 15, such flanges forming tracks therefor, and by which flanges the slabs 19 are maintained in position. At the corners, the ends 20 are held at the outside by the corner member 32, the abutting corners of the blocks 19 being bevelled at 33 to provide a layer bearing surface to prevent an inward fall of the blocks 19. The bottom row of curtain members 19 has its ends 20 resting on the top of the concrete piers 1'1. Between the superimposed curtain members 19 and between the curtain members 19 and skeleton members 15, 32 and 35 mortar is spread.

Suitable windows and doors, of course, may be provided for as shown in the accompanying drawing. Special frame members may be applied for doors and windows, as for example, those shown in Figure 5. There a corner with an angle iron stud 32 and with a finial stud 35 are shown. The hinge 36 for the door 37 is applied to the finial stud 35.

At the top, the curtain members 19 are in juxtaposition to the angle irons 18 upon which the roof frame member 38 and 39 rest. The weight of the roof frame members 38 and 39 does not rest upon the curtain members 19, which members bear no weight whatever except their own or that of the similar members above them.

Suitable roof material 40, flooring material, and doors and windows, may be employed, the invention being founded primarily upon the structure of the building wall, i. e., the frame members and the curtain members associated therewith.

When it is desired to employ a flat roof, the members 18 may be bolted in the inside to provide a support for the rafters. In such case the blocks 19 may extend above the members 18 to provide a parapet around the building.

While only one form of structure is shown in the accompanying drawing, it is perfectly obvious that the construction described and its novel features may be applied to a large number of structures wholly dissimilar in general appearance from the instant device. It is equally obvious that for various parts of the frame I beams may be substituted for channels and vice-verse. and that other substitutions may readily be made.

I claim:-

1. That process of producing a building structure which comprises the steps of patterning portions of such building by templates, attaching frame members to the templates, supporting the templates and frame members above the site for the structure, erecting a foundation for the skeleton frame thus formed, adding curtain walls to the frame, and thereafter removing the templates.

2. That process of producing a building structure which comprises the steps of patterning a portion of such building by templates, attaching frame members to the templates, supporting the templates and frame members above a site for the structure, leveling the skeleton frame formed of the templates and frame members, erecting a foundation thereunder, adding curtain walls to the skeleton frame thus formed, and thereafter detaching the templates.

HARRY S RING.

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