US18668A - Improvement in the preparation of engraved metal plates for printing - Google Patents
Improvement in the preparation of engraved metal plates for printing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US18668A US18668A US18668DA US18668A US 18668 A US18668 A US 18668A US 18668D A US18668D A US 18668DA US 18668 A US18668 A US 18668A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- printing
- iridium
- improvement
- preparation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VUVGYHUDAICLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perosmic oxide Chemical compound O=[Os](=O)(=O)=O VUVGYHUDAICLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- NZKITCCKLZNMRX-SJEOTZHBSA-M sodium;5-chloro-4-methyl-2-[(2E)-2-(2-oxonaphthalen-1-ylidene)hydrazinyl]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=C(Cl)C(C)=CC(N\N=C\2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC/2=O)=C1S([O-])(=O)=O NZKITCCKLZNMRX-SJEOTZHBSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C3/00—Reproduction or duplicating of printing formes
- B41C3/08—Electrotyping; Application of backing layers thereon
Definitions
- the improvement herein described has for its object the hardening of the surface of 00p per plates, in order that as many impressions may be taken from them as from the steel, and also to facilitate the wiping or cleaning of the plateafteritisinked. Weeffectthisbycoating the surface of an engraved copper plate with iridium, which, while it gives the requisite hard and smooth surface, does not fill up the fine work or in any way injure or obliterate the engraved lines.
- The-iridium for forming the metallic coating is deposited from a solution which is prepared as follows: Iridium and osmium which have been separated from the ores of platinum, or the refuse of these metals from the gold-pen manufactories, are fused with about three times their weight of nitrate ofpotassa for about one hour at a bright-red heat and the contents of the crucible poured upon an iron plate. After cooling the mass is broken into small pieces, which are then to be treated with nitric acid in a glass retort having a condenser, by which the osmium is separated in the form of osmic acid. The iridium remaining in the retort is to be treated with hydrochloric acid after removing the nitrate ot' potassa by crystallization, and we then have the chloride of iridium.
- electrotypeplates are formed by the deposit of copper in a matrix and a back of softer metal afterward applied to them; also, that movable types in relief have been coated with copper; also, that altoplates (the reverse of engraved plates) have been coated with silver to prevent oxidization. We therefore make no claim to these processes or their products; but
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JOHN M. BATGHELDER, or onnmnnen, MASSACHUSETTS, AND LUTHER L. SMITH, on NEW YORK, n. Y.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE PREPARATION OF ENGRAVED METAL PLATES FOR PRINTING.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 18,668, dated November 34, 1857.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that we, JOHN Mo 'reoMERY BATOHELDER, of Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, and LUTHER L. SMITH, of the city and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Engraved Plates; and we do hereby declare that the followingis a full and exact description thereof.
It is well known that very few impressions can be taken from engraved copper plates as compared with steel ones, the relative hardness of the latter metal being such that the processes of inking, wiping, and printing have very little effect upon it.
The improvement herein described has for its object the hardening of the surface of 00p per plates, in order that as many impressions may be taken from them as from the steel, and also to facilitate the wiping or cleaning of the plateafteritisinked. Weeffectthisbycoating the surface of an engraved copper plate with iridium, which, while it gives the requisite hard and smooth surface, does not fill up the fine work or in any way injure or obliterate the engraved lines.
The-iridium for forming the metallic coating is deposited from a solution which is prepared as follows: Iridium and osmium which have been separated from the ores of platinum, or the refuse of these metals from the gold-pen manufactories, are fused with about three times their weight of nitrate ofpotassa for about one hour at a bright-red heat and the contents of the crucible poured upon an iron plate. After cooling the mass is broken into small pieces, which are then to be treated with nitric acid in a glass retort having a condenser, by which the osmium is separated in the form of osmic acid. The iridium remaining in the retort is to be treated with hydrochloric acid after removing the nitrate ot' potassa by crystallization, and we then have the chloride of iridium.
There are various other methods well known to chemists for obtaining the chloride of iridium which is thus formed, and we consider it the best solution for precipitation by the battery upon copper plates. The dimensions of the cell will depend on the size of the plate to be coated, it being two or three inches larger than the copper plate. The solution within this cell should contain about oneeigth of an ounce iridium to a gallon of water, to which about one-quarter pound of sulphuric acid should be added. If a smaller quantity of iridium is used, it will in some cases produce a harder deposit. Four batteries are now to be arranged by connecting the zinc of the first with the silver of the second, the zinc of the second with the silver of the third, the zinc of the third with the silver of the fourth, and the zinc of the fourth to the copper plate upon which the deposit of iridium is to be made, the plate being immersed in the solution within the cell first named. From the silver of the first battery a wire is extended across the vessel containing the iridium solution, so that it will be parallel to the plane of the plate that is to be coated. To this wire should be attached, at intervals of three or four inches, strips of platinum extending nearly or quite as far down as the plate that is to be coated.
Previous to placing the plate in the solution it should be carefully examined, and if any parts are found to be oxidized or tarnished they should be carefully polished. The whole plate is to be well cleansed, so that no impurities may remain upon its surface. This is very important, as the iridium will not otherwise adhere. The time required to coat the plate cannot be definitely stated, as it will vary according to the strength of the solution and its temperature.
The plate should be raised from the solution at intervals in order to be sure that the deposition of iridium goes on uniformly, and that the fine lines of the engraved plate are not injured. We areaware that the deposit may be made by the single cell process and in other modes; but we prefer that above named. The plate, on being removed from the solution, is found to be coated with iridium in its metallic state, possessing great density and a high polish, its surface being in such condition that a great number of impressions may be made, and the ink can be removed with the same facility as from steel plates.
If it is deemed desirable that the intaglio parts should have a copper surface in the same condition that they are left by the graver, we fill the lines with any ink or non-conducting substance that is not soluble in the solution of g chloride of iridium, then wipe the plate in the same manner as for printing, leaving only the raised or polished part exposed to the battery action. After it is coated, as above described, the ink is washed from the lines and the plate is ready for use.
We are aware that electrotypeplates are formed by the deposit of copper in a matrix and a back of softer metal afterward applied to them; also, that movable types in relief have been coated with copper; also, that altoplates (the reverse of engraved plates) have been coated with silver to prevent oxidization. We therefore make no claim to these processes or their products; but
What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1 An engraved plate composed of two metals,
JOHN M. BATGHELDER. [L.S.]
LUTHER L. SMITH. [L. s.] Witnesses to signatureof J. M. Batchelder:
J. E. WEEMS,"
JOHN S. HOLLINGSHEAD.
Witnesses to signature of Luther L. Smith:
WM. (JURRIE, EDWARD OooPER.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US18668A true US18668A (en) | 1857-11-24 |
Family
ID=2082168
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US18668D Expired - Lifetime US18668A (en) | Improvement in the preparation of engraved metal plates for printing |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US18668A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030161654A1 (en) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-08-28 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus |
US20040107138A1 (en) * | 2000-10-12 | 2004-06-03 | Maggio Frank S. | Method and system for verifying immersion in advertising content via an immersion enhancing content vignette |
-
0
- US US18668D patent/US18668A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040107138A1 (en) * | 2000-10-12 | 2004-06-03 | Maggio Frank S. | Method and system for verifying immersion in advertising content via an immersion enhancing content vignette |
US20030161654A1 (en) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-08-28 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus |
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