US1795913A - Shingle - Google Patents

Description

March 10, 1931. w, w, WEAVER 1,795,913

SHINGLE Filed Sept. 17, 1925 WITNEssEs 6 w INVENToR; #M @hm A 2y WayneId/ I/l/vez;

BY l 'j Patented Mar. 10, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WAYNE W. WEAVER, 0F DREXEL HILL, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE :BARBER ASPHALT COMPANY, 0F PHILADELPHIA., PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF 'WEST 'VIRGINIA SEINGLE Application led September 17, 1926. Serial No. 136,076.

This invention relates to shingles and more particularly to that variety which is made from a bituminous impregnated base subsequently coated with a suitable mineralized surfacing material. In the manufacture of such shingles or roofing material it has been customary to cut the same from continuous sheets wholly-embodying the aforesaid materials and, hence', the finished product presents in its entirety the same texture and appearance as the goods from which it has been severed. In some cases the granulate surfacing is applied to particular sections of thev sired.

My invention has for a general object to combine material of the first typified character in a novel manner whereby esthetic results-hitherto unknown in the art-are produced.

Other objects and advantages are associated with the economic production of the highly elicient and durable surface covering hereinafter fully described, illustrated by the accompanying drawings, and the novel features whereof are tersely defined by the appended claim.

In the drawings:

Fig. I is a face view of a` portion of a surface covered With shingles embodying the present improvements.

Fig. II is a top plan view of an individual shingle.

Fig. III is a transverse section taken on the plane indicated by the arrows III- III in the preceding ligure.

Fig. IV is a longitudinal section along the arrowed lines IV IV in Fig. II.

Fig. V is a top plan view illustrating the application of my improvements to a strip shingle. pi

Fig. VI is a similar plan view of a slightly modified form of the invention; and,

Fig. VII is a plan view of a further modification of this invention.

Referring more in detail to the drawings and in carrying out my invention I use smooth surface roofing, preferably consisting of a felt or asbestos base saturated with asphalt or other waterproofing material, coated with bitumen and dusted withtalc, mica or other appropriate powder to prevent adhesion when packed. In accordance with the embodiment of this invention shown in Figs. I-IV inclusive it will be seen the smooth surface roofing has been severed into shingle units l, conveniently-although not essentially--reotangular in profile. Such material may, however, be cut into strips 2, as shown in Figs. V and VI; or, it may be of any other desired shape conforming with the particular finish desired.

I also take goods known to the trade as slate surface roofing which consists of a felt or asbestos base saturated with asphalt or other waterproofing materials, coated with asphalt, and surfaced on one or both sides Y with slate or other granulated material. Such of the variety having only one face mineralized 4and while in continuous sheets is severed into predetermined shapes, of the desired size yand prole, to conform wlth the exposed portions of standard types of shingles commonly known as individual, strlp, oint-down, hextab and so forth. Such s apes 3 are shown in Figs. I II and V, as rectangular; whereas in Fig. VI they are deslgnated 4 and are of the heXtab variety.

These shapes 3, 4 are applied to the shingle units l or strips 2 in any convenient manner known to the art and are cemented together either by heatin which temporarily softens the coatings 5 o each element, so that under applied pressure a permanent adhesive bond is obtained between-them. Or, the back coating 5 of each shape 3, 4 may be wiped with a solvent which cuts said coating as well as lon that of the 'shingle units l or strips 2 and causes it to soften sufficiently so that, when pressure -is applied, they are securely bonded into an integral condition.

Tn plying the units together, the mineral surfaced shapes 3 and 4 are preferably of a less width than the shingle units l, and they are placed at the butt ends of said units with rovision of a clearance 6 at each side thereof.

hus it will be seen that, when the units l are assembled-as shown in Fig. T for example, instead of the usual cut out 7 occurring in the shingle, it is formed only between the mineral'surfaced'shapes 3 and the body of the underlying butted clearances 6, whereby the entire area surfaced with my improved shingles is effectively protected withv a covering of the smooth surface base elements l. This feature of my invention is deemed of primary importance' inasmuch as the abutting edges of the laid units l will in time adherently form an extra united ply of waterproofing material at the cut out zones 7, in all types of shingles. Tt also aords a pleasing appearance of marked contrast when laid.

n general practice, hitherto obtaining, the mineralized surfacing covers the entire shingle when laid with the result that the portion thereof which is not exposed serves no useful purpose and, therefore, is uneconomical. Furthermore it is often desired to have a shingle with extra thickness at the butt to a'ord a pleasing appearance when laid due to such extra thickness causing a deep shadow line. This extra thickness also reinforces or gives the shingle added body and thereby has a tendency to preventy curling.

Heretofore, in order to obtain this thickness it lwas necessary to start with a thicker felt or asbestos base, which product is the most costly item in the manufacture of flexible shingles. According to the present invention T utilize a medium or light weight base for the units l or strips 2; and, for the mineral surfaced cut shapes 3 or l, either from a medium or extra heavy material. Thus T am enabled to secure either an extra heavy butt or, a butt the thickness of which is in excess of the ordinary extra heavy butt. Tflence,.t is apparent, my novel shingle conserves material and is consequently economical; while at the same time, it possesses all the desirable features of the more expensive and heavier types of such articles. Again my novel shingles are self-aligning as is fully apparent fromFig. l.

Whereas, T prefer to fabricate my improved shingles along the lines set forth, objection may be raised to having the smooth surface base goods appearing at the cut out 7. To meet such possible objection T cut the mineral surfaced shape S-Fig. VTT-with v,a medially located tongue or strip 9, as well as cut away the anking portions of the smooth surface material-indicated as bounded by menare the dotted lines 10 on said figure. Thus it will be seen, the mineral surfaced tongues or strips 9 appear in the cut outs 7, when this type of shingle is laid along the lines illustrated in Fig. ll.

When laying the first course of my improved shingles I employ a starting strip ll-Fig. lf-of the smooth surface material, at least twelve inches Wide, and then proceed to lay the improved shingles, on the surface to be covered, in accordance with common practice.

Tt will be noted that when a roof or other exposed area lis surfaced with my novel shingles the mineralized portions 3, 4, or 8, are never covered. As a result, instead of the back of one shingle unit 1 or 2 contacting with the mineral surfaced side of the subjacent unit or units, as is the usual condition, it engages solely with the coated portions of said subjacent unit or units. Tf, when being laid, one or both of these faces are moistened with a suitable solvent which will render said faces adherent, a bond is secured that will cause the several units to incorporate and lay flat at all times. 0r, in

other words, the entire surface covered with my novel shingles becomes an integrally bonded unit. Even when no solvent is used,

vthe suns heat has a tendency to soften the coating and ultimately brings about united adhesion of the several elements. This feature T deem of considerable importance in that it not only increases the waterproofing qualities of the surface covered, but it also enhances the beauty of the same by preventing the individual units from curling, as well as eliminating any tendency of the .butts to Hap in a strong wind whereby they become loosened or removed.

y -Finally, it is to be understood that l do not limit myself to the specific types of shingle units shown and described, while the particular feature which T claim as new and novel is the production of a thick-butt shingle from two dierent types of prepared roofing materials, plied together by softening the coating on the face ofthe smooth surface portion and the back of the mineral surfaced shape andsubjecting them to pressure to produce integral adhesion.

TWhile rows of shingles are referred to in the claim it will be understood that this term is to include not only rows formed of .separate shingles as in Fig. ll but also to rows formed of shingles united in strips as in Figs. V and VT.

Having thus described my invention, T claim A roof comprising a row of shingles, each of which consists of a base piece and a facing piece secured to the upper face of the base piece, said facing piece comprising a main portion corresponding in shape tothe portion of a shingle exposed below the shingles of an overlying row and an extension corresponding in shape to the portion of a shingle exposed between adjacent spaced edges of overlying shingles, and a, second row of shingles overlapping the base pieces and abutting the upper and side edges respec- -tively of the main` portions and. extensions of the facing pieces of the shingles of the first mentioned row, said second row of shingles being adhesivel secured to the base pieces of the shingles o? the first mentioned row.

signed my name at Philadelphia, Pa., this 13th day of September 1926.

WAYE wa WEAVER.

asv

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto I

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