US1365743A - Automatic pistol - Google Patents

Description

F. O. STOKKE.

AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

APPUCATION FILED Nov` 3o, |317.

1,365,748. Patented Jan.18,1921.

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FFEdETEJkkE.

F. O. STOKKE.

AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

APPLICATION FILED Nov, 30, IsI.

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3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

F. 0. STOKKE.

AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

APPLlcATloN FILED Nov. so, 1911.

Patented Jn.18, 1921.

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lwvenoz 35 Fred El. ETmkkE.

FRED O. STOKKE, OF HAVRE, MONTANA.

UNITED STATES Specification of Letters Patent.

AUTOMATTC PISTOL.

'Patented Jan. 18, 1921.

Application filed November 30, 1917. Serial No. 204,693.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, FRED O. STOKKE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Havre, in the county of Hill and State of Montana, have invented a new and useful Automatic Pistol, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to firearms, and more particularly to light firearms, such as pistols.

The invention has for an object to provide a pistol of the automatic or self loading type; a pistol which automatically ejects the discharged cartridges or shells from the pistol; which is provided with safety means for normally holding the hammer out of contact with the firing pin, and thus prevent accidental concussion of the cartridge cap incident to shock upon or by the hammer; a pistol which may be easily and quickly taken apart and assembled; to provide the pistol with an adjustable magazine adapted to accommodate long and short riiie cartridges; and to provide an improved guide for the cartridges to elevate the same into axial alinernent with the breech of the barrel ,and

' to provide a pistol embodying all of these features and comprising relatively few parts.

The invention further aims at the provision of an improved pistol structure embodying side plates, a frame and a barrel as the main body portion of the pistol, and which are so combined as to be detachably secured togetherby a single removable screw or bolt.

The above, and various other objects and advantages of this invention will be in part described and in part understood from the following detailed description of the present preferred embodiment, the same being illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1' is a side elevation of an automatic pistol constructed according to the present invention, the barrel being broken away to indicate any desired length and the hammer being set in safety position.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section taken through the pistol in substantially a vertical plane, certain of the parts being shown in elevation.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the pistol having the adjacent side plate removed, showing the recoil bolt retracted subsequent to the ejection of an empty shell.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 with certain of the parts shown in section, and showing the hammer in safety position with a cartridge in the breech.

Fig. 5 is an inner face view of the left side plate.

Fig. 6 is a similar view of the right side plate.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the hammer guard.

Fig. 8 is a like view of the trigger guard.

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the frame piece or top plate employed.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary transverse section through the fore part of the pistol taken substantially on the line 10-10 of Fig. 1, showing the connecting bolt for holding the body parts together. i

Fig. 11 is a detail top plan view of the recoil bolt and the parts carried thereby.

Fig. 12 is a forward end view of the recoil bolt or breech block.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary enlarged longitudinal section through the upper end of the magazine, the dotted lines showing the position of a cartridge as it is about to leave the magazine.

Fig. 145 is a top plan view of the same.

Fig. 15 is a detail side elevation of the magazine, adjusted for receiving relatively short cartridges therein.

Fig. 16 is a transverse section through the same taken on the line 16--16 of Fig. 15.

Referring to these drawings 10 and 11 designate a pair of side plates which are relatively flat and elongated and which are provided with depending portions 12 of open construction constituting a frame to which the handle may be secured. A trigger guard 13 is fitted between the forward edges of the plates 10 and 11, and a hammer guard 14 is fitted between the rear edges of the plates. The trigger guard 13 is in the form of a flat blank having in its upper portion an opening 15 adapted to receive therein a pin 16 carried upon vthe plate 11 and which is of sufficient length to project into an opening 17 formed in the forward end of the side plate 10 in register with the pin. The guard 13 is provided with a finger receiving opening or loop 18 communicating at its upper portion in an upwardly converging recess 19 through the upper end of which a pin 20 passes. The pin 20 is carried upon the plate 11 and enters an opening 21 formed in the plate 10.

The guard 13 has a depending portion 22 constituting a filler strip which extends downwardly between the frames 12 to space the saine apart and forni a iiiagazine chainber therebetween. The franies 12 preferably extend downwardly and rearwardhY at the desired angle to afford an eas)v gripping of the pistol. The haninier guard 1l is provided with an opening Ql in its upper end adapted to receive a pin Q1 therethrough projecting froin the plate 11 and entering an opening 25 formed in the plate 1U. The guard 1st follows the curvature oll the rear edges of the plates 1() and 11 and is provided with an'fupturnial lip 2U at its rear end terminating in spaced relation to the plane of the upper edges of the plates.

The guard 1l is provided at its upper end with a rearwardly facing shoulder 27 and is also provided with a longitudinally extending opening or guideway 2N which opens through the shoulder 2T. The guard 1l is also provided with a depending filler strip 29 adapted to space apart the rear edges of the plates l() and 11. The strip 29 has an opening 3() therethrough near its lower end adapted to receive a transverse pin-31 Carried on plate 11 and entering an opening 3Q formed in the plate 1(). Rivets 33 or the like are secured through the lower ends of the frames 12 and the interposed strips 22 and Q9. The plates are surniounted by a longitudinally extending frame 31. The frame 34 comprises a flat top strip adapted to extend over the space between the plates l and '11, and is provided at its forward end with a socket portion comprising depending lateral flanges 35 engaging at opposite sides against the guard 13 and carrying a transverse tapering screw 36 which engages through a correspondingly formed opening 3T formed in the guard 13 beyond the forward ends of the plates and 11, The plate 3l is supported in a plane above the plane of the upper edges of the plates 10 and 11 to provide a space above the plates for the reception of the automatic mechanism, and to accommodate the breech of a barrel 37 which may be of any 'desired length and bore. The guard 13 has a transverse recess 39 in the upper edge thereof adapted to receive a depending transverse rib 410 formed across the under side of the barrel il@ to hold the latter from longitudinal displacenient. The rear portion of the guard 13 has an upstanding forwardly facing shoulderetl against which the innerend of the barrel is adapted to engage for determining the'cor-rect positioning of the barrel and the register thereof with said transverse recess 39.

The guard 13 is reinforced by transverse pin r-12 which extends through an opening 43 in the guard and into an opening L14 formed in the-other plate 10. Of course any desiredl number of pins may be reso'rted to for maintaining the parts in rigid position when assembled. rl`lie frame 3-1 has the flanges thereof terminating in shouldersl l5 flush with the i'car end of the barrel Il?. The flanges 35 extend below the barrel 3T and are provided with relatively large openings ,JAS through which the oppo# site ends of the assembly screw l-t engage.

'l`lie rear end of the franie IH- has a depending block 4T recessed at its inner end to forni a spring seat lh' and having an opening l5) through the rear wall thereof iii axial alinenient with the recess 4H. The rear sight 5() niay be inounted upon the top of the block 4T to cooperate with the front sight 51 carried upon the barrel 2li'. l`he block 1T lits at its lower end between the upper edges of the plates 1() and 11. and is reduced at its lower end and seated at opposite sides upon the upper edges of the plates. the outer surfaces of the plates 1() and 1l 'and the block 4T being flush. The forward ends of the plates 1() and 11 abut the flanges 2&5 of' the frame for holding the plates rigidly to the fraine. The lower .end of the block 1T is provided at opposite sides with outstanding flanges 52 of sufficient depth to engage in longitudinal grooves 53 fornied in the inner sides of the plates 1() and 11 at their rear ends. The grooves open at their forward ends into recesses 54 which freely receive the flanges 52 therein when the franie is slid for vardly between the plates, and which open through the upper edges of' theI plates to free the flanges and admit of the separation of the frame and the plates.

Seated against the inner side of one of' the frame flanges 35 is a stationary ejector arni 55 provided with a stud 5G entering an aperture 57 formed-in the inner face of the flange 85. The arm 57 extends rearwardly beneath the frame 34 and longitudinally of the axis of the barrel 37. A shoulder 58 is formed upon the rear end of the arm 55 and faces inwardly toward the 0pposite plate. i

A breech block 59 is arranged slidably within the frame 34 and is provided with side plates 60 in the form of flanges which extend above and below7 the upper and lower faces of the breech block 59 and which slidably engage against the opposite sides of the frame 34 and the plates 1() and 11. These flanges 6() extend rearwardly beyond the rear end of the breech block and are adapted, when the breech block is in its forward position, to cover the lateral openings between the frame 34 and the upper edges of the plates 10 and 1l. The side plates G0 of the breech block have serrations 61 adapted to be engaged by the lingers to retract the breech block manually when desired. Fitting in the rear end of the breech block is a bolt (32 held detachably to the breech block by a set screw 63 threaded into one side of the breech block and adapted to bind against the forward end of' the bolt 62. The rear end of the bolt 62 engages slidably through the opening 49 of the rear block 47 of the frame and serves to guide and retain the breech block in position. A spring 64 surrounds the bolt 62 and bears at one end against the inner' wall of the spring seat or recess 48 and at its opposite end against the rear end of the breech block 59. The breech block 59 carries a firing pin 65 which is seated in a recess formed in the upper face of the breech block and extending into the bolt 62. The rear end of the breech block has an uninterrupted portion bridging the recess and forming a. shoulder 66 adapted to receive an upstanding shoulder 67 formed upon the firing pin to limit the rearward movement thereof.- The firing pin 65 is of slightly -greater length than that of the bolt 62, and projects rearwardly therefrom when the shoulders 66 and 67 are in contact with one another. The recess in the upper side of the breech block 59 is enlarged at a point between the front and rear ends ofthe breech block to receive an expanding spring 68 which surrounds a reduced shank 69 of the tiring pin 65, the reduced shank 69 forming a shoulder 70 upon the firing pin adapted to receive the rear end of the spring 68thereagainst for yieldingly retaining the tiring pin in retracted or rearward position. The forward end of the spring 68 rests against the front wall of the enlarged recess in the breech block. The breech block is provided near one side with a longitudinal opening or bore 71 within which the stationary ejector arm is received when the breech block is advanced forwardly under the tension of sprin 64.

The breech block 59 is provided with a movable extractor finger 72 in the form of a dog pivoted on a vertical pin 73 in the forward end and at one side of the breech block, and extending forwardly therefrom and having its shoulder directed inwardly and facing toward the breech block. The finger 72 has a projection 74 fitting in a recess in the side of the breech block and bearing against an expansion spring 75 seated in the adjacent side of the breech block and normally urging the shank 74 outwardly. The breech block 59 is adapted to move forwardly into contact with the shoulders 45 of the frame and against the inner end of the barrel 87. The inner end of the barrel 37 is counterbored sufficiently to receive the rim of a cartridge A which may be placed in the breech of the barrel.

In the under side 'of the breech block 59 are formed two spaced apart longitudinal grooves 76 which open through the forward end ofthe breech block and which terminate in spaced relation to the rear end thereof.

Pivoted upon the pin 20 and lying within the recess 19 is a trigger 77, the same projecting into the finger loop 18 near the rear marginal edge portion thereof and conforming in curvature thereto for the reception of the finger thereagainst. The lever 77 is of less width than the recess 19, and owing to the downwardly flaring of the recess. the lever is adapted to swing upon the pin 2() to a limited extent. A spring 78 is seated in a notch 79 formed in the inner marginal edge of the guard 13 and bears against the rear edge of the trigger 77 to urge the latter for ward. A trigger bar 79 is pivoted at 8() to one side of theI trigger 77 and extends rearwardly in a relatively deep recess 81 formed in the inner wall of the adjacent side plate 10. A projection 82 rises from the bar 79 intermediate its ends and forms a shoulder adapted for engagement at times behind the breech block 59. The rear end of the bar 79 is normally urged upward by a spring 88 which is seated in a recess in the underside of the bar 79 and upon the upper edge of the hammer guard 14. A pin 84 projects from the plate 11 and engages at its end in an opening 85 in the opposite plate 10 and forms a pivot for a sear 86 having on its forward end a lug 87 against which a spring 88 engages for normally urging the sear to turn in one direction upon its pivot 84. The lower edge of the sear has a forwardly facing shoulder 89 against which the rear end of the bar 79 may engage to hold the scar from turning under the tension of the spring 88. The spring 88 is supported in any convenient manner between the plates, such as upon pins 90 projecting from the plate 11.

A hammer 91 has a hub portion pivoted upon a transverse pin 92 projecting from the plate 11 and seated in an opening 93 formed in the opposite plate 10. The hub portion of the hammer 91 is provided with a relatively deep notch 94 which, when the hammer is swung rearwardly to its full extent is located substantially above the pivot 92. The hammer 91 also has a relativelv shallow notch 95 adjacent the notch 94 and below the same. The sear 86 has a rearwa rdly projecting point adapted to enter the notches one at a time to hold the hammer 91 in various rearwardly swung positions.

The hammer 91 is urged forwardly into contact with the firing pin 65 by a main spring 96 of preferably helical form surrounding a stem 97 slidable in the opening 28 of the hammer guard and having a head 98 upon its rear end which is rounded and Seated in a concavity formed in the adjacent depending portion of the hammer 91. The spring 96 bears at one end against thehead 98 and at its other end against the shoulder 27 of the hammer guard to urge the stem 97 rear 'ard and raise the hammer.

Hand grips 99 of' wood or the like are seend in a pair of flanges 1106 which The pistol is provided with a magazine 101 which slidably engages upwardly through the hollow handlelbetween the frame parts 12, and which is detachably v held in place hy a spring finger 102 pivotally mounted in the lower end of the strip 29 of the hammer guard and yieldingly held in contact with the lower end of the magazine by a spring 103 seated in the outer face of the strip 29. The spring 10572 bears against a shank 101 projecting from the finger 102, and the latter is supported upon a transverse pin 105 carried in the lower end of the strip 29.

The magazine 101 terminates at its upper project into the recesses 76 of the breech blo-ck 59. The flanges 106 are provided with registering notches 107 intermediate their ends` the forward edges of the notches being inclined at substantially forty -live degrees to the horizontal axis of the pistol. and the edges so inclined are turned inwardly to form a pair of guiding lips 108 forming a contracted throat in the upper end and at the forward portion of the magazine. The rear wall of the magazine has a recess 109 at its upper edge between the flanges 106 to receive the intermediate portion 110 of the breech block lying between the recesses 76, and which forms a feeder adapted to engage the rims the cartridges A when raised into the top of the magazine. The rear portions of the llanges 106 are bent inwardly along their upper edges to form bearing or supporting surfaces 111 which engage the inner walls of the recesses 7 n The magazine may be formed of a sheet of metal suitably stamped and bent into transverse rectangular contour, with a closed rear wall integral with the bod f portion, and provided with a flanged front Wall 112, the flanges 113 of which being outturned and lying against the inner faces of the body plate. Rivets 114 secare the flanges to the body plate. The flanges 113 progressively increase in depth from the top to the bottom of the front wall and thus form a cartridge receiving chamber of less length at the bottom of the magazine than at the top thereof, and provide an inclined guiding surface for the tips of the cartridges. A follower 115 is slidably mounted in the magazine, and is normally urged toward the top of the magazine by an expansion spring seated at its lc-wer end upon a bottom plate 117 closing the lower end of the magazine.

stop linger 118 pro- The follower 115 has a 116 which is iecting upwardly from the rearlend of the follower and adapted to engage the feeder 110 and retain the breech block 59 in retracted position when thc magazine is empty. The upper end of the front wall 112 rolled forwardly to forni an inclined guide leading to the breech chamber for directing the cartridges thereinto.

The follower 115 is provided with outstanding lateral bosses 119 slidable in longitudinal grooves 120 formed in the opposite sides of the magazine 101 adapted to retain the follower from binding in the upper enlarged end of the magazine. 111e follower may tlius be easily retracted to load the magazine by simply pulling down upon the bosses 119 with the thumb and linger. compressing the spring and admitting cartridges to be dropped and to fall by gravity into the magazine.

The magazine thus constructed adapted to contain 22 long rifle cartridges, and for the purpose of adapting the magazine to short cartridges, the same is provided with a follower of reduced size, and a removable filler strip 121 comprising a flanged metallic strip adapted to be fitted in the rear side of the magazine and held therein by pins 122. The filler strip 121 is of such depth as to hold the short cartridges in substantially the same relative positions as the 22 long rifle cartridges are supported when the filler strip is not used.

In operation, the finger 102 is drawn back out of contact. with the magazine 101 and the latter is slid downwardly out of the handle. The cartridges A are now inserted through the upper end of the magazine forced downwardly against the follower 115 in superposed relation. The magazine is now inserted in the handle and the breech block 59 is manually retracted to admit the seating of the magazine in proper position. I1' desired a cartridge may be placed in the breech of the barrel prior to the insertion of the magazine, and any desired number of cartridges, within a reasonable limit, may be stored in the magazine. The breech block is now released and carries the firing pin into contact with the rim of the cartridge and clears the projection of the trigger bar 79 to admit the rise of the rear end of the latter for interlocking engagement with the scar 86.

When the trigger 77 is depressed the bar 79 thereof is moved rearwardly and turns the sear 86 out of contact with the notched portion 95 of the hammer 91, freeing the latter which is carried upward by the main spring 96 and impacts against the firing pin 65 to fire the cartridge A in the breech chamber. The recoil of the cartridge shell reti-acts the breech block 5921s the spring 64 is properly tensioned to be overcome b the recoil and admit of the retraction of the breech block by the time the bullet leaves the muzzle of the barrel 37. The bolt (r2 swingsvthe hammer 211 down into the position shown in Fig. :2 and is then forced forward b v the spring (S-l. During the forward movement the projection 110 of the breech block passes through notch 10S) of the magazine and engages the rim of the uppermost cartridge and forcesl the same forwardly with the nose of the cartridge riding upwardlyv on the front wall 112 ofthe magazine and into the breech chamber. The rim of the cartridge. however, engages at opposite sides and below its greatest diameter with the upwardly inclined guides 108 and is raised. as shown in Fig. 13. into a horizontal position and into axial alinement with the breech chamber` rthe breech block forcing the` cartridge before it into the breech chamber. Prior to this operation lthe retraction of the breech block draws the extractor' finger 72 backwardly against the forward edge of the rim of. the cartridge or shell after explosion, and pulls the cartridge shell out of the breech chamber and backwardly until the opposite side of the shell strikes the shoulder of the stationary ejector arm at which time the shell is turned quickly and thrown by the turning action outwardly through the side of the frame 31.

After the shot has been fired, the mechanism is held from further operation until the trigger TT .is depressed. The trigger must be released before another shot is tired to allow the trigger bar 79 to move forward and permit the end thereof to rise under the action of the spring 83 into the notch SQ of the sear. The trigger bar is now in position to retract thevhammer and fire the l next shot. llpon recoil of the breech block 59, the projection S2 on the bar 79 is forced down and depresses the rear end of the trigger lever to move it out of the path of the sear. The projection 82 also acts as a safety catch and prevents mistiring when the block 59 is not fully closed and also holds the rear end of the trigger lever from interlocking with the sear: Under .these conditions the depression of the triggery lever affects no portion of the mechanism when the trigger is drawn back.

When placing the hammer 91 in safety notch position, the breech block must be pulled back slightly' to throw the trigger bar out of engagement with the sear and permit thel nose of the sear 86 to fall into the safety notch 94 of the hammer. The breech block is now permitted to move forward, and as the notch is deep the sear swings to a position carrying its shoulder or notch S9 past the end of the trigger bar as shown in Fig. 4. In such instance, the pull upon the trigger transmits no movement to the sear and thus the pistol cannot be fired.

When in this` position the hammer 91 iS held in spaced relation from the tiring pin (35 and the sear HG prevents the hammer from being impacted against the firing pin b v jarring or blows on the hammer.

lt is of course understood that various changes and modifications may be made in the details of construction and design of the above specifically described embodiment of this invention without departing from the spirit thereof` such changes and modifications being restricted only by the scope of the following claims.

lVhat is claimed is:

1. In an automatic pistol, the combina tion of a frame` a barrel carried by the frame. a cartridge magazine in the frame opening below and iurear of the breech of the barrel, a breech block slidable in the frame. and normally urged toward the barrel, said breech blockl having a projection adapted to traverse the upper end of the magazine and engage the uppermost cartridge to move the same in advance of the block` and an inwardly extending upwardly inclining guide at the upper end of the magazine adapted to elevate the rear end of the cartridge into axial alinement with the barrel.

2. In an automatic pistol, the combination of a frame and a barrel, a breech block slidable in the fra-me and normally urged against the barrel, a cartridge magazine removably mounted in the frame and adapted to feed cartridges into the path of the breech block when retracted. said breech block having a projection adaptedto traverse the upper end of the magazine and engage the rear ends of the cartridges one at a time, said magazine having inturned flanges at its upper end adapted to support the rim of the cartridge when advanced forwardly and being inclined upwardly to elevate the rear end of the cartridge, saidmagazine also having an inclined front wall for engagement with the tip of the cartridge 5y to elevate the same into axial alinemelift' with the breech of said barrel, and means for detachably retaining said magazine in the frame.

3. In an automatic pistol, the combination of a frame, a cartridge retaining magazine having its cartridge chamber gradually decreasing in length from top to bottom and including a body and a flanged front'wall, means attaching said 'flanges to said body, said flanges gradualy increasing in depth from the top to the bottom of said front wall.

. 4. In an automatic pistol, the combination of a frame, a cartridge magazine in the frame having its cartridge chamber gradually decreasing in length from top to bottom, said magazine comprising a body and a, Banged front Wall, means attaching said flanges to said body, said flanges gradually increasing in depth from the top to the bottom of the front wall, a breech block slidable in the frame,'said breech block having a projection -adapted to traverse the up-v per end of' the magazine and engage the uppermost cartridge therein to move thesame in advance of the block.

5. In an automatic pistol, the combination of a frame, a cartridge magazine in the frame having its cartridge chamber gradually decreasingrin length from top to bottom, said magazinecomprising a body and a flanged front wall, means attaching said flanges to said body, said flanges vgradually increasing in depth from the top to 'the bottom of' the front wall, a breech block slidable in the frame', said breech block having a projection adapted to traverse the upper endy of the magazine and engage the uppermost cartridge therein to move the same in advance of the block, said magazine provided with notches in their sides at their upper ends, flanges formed along the lower edges of said notches andl inturned into the magazine, Said flanges inclining upwardly to form a cartridge guide at the upper end ofthe magazine adapted to elevate the rear end of the cartridge.

6. In an automatic pistol, the combination, of a frame, a cartridge retaining magazine carried by said frameI having its cartridge chamber gradually decreasing in length from top to bottom andincluding a body and a flanged front wall, means attaching said lflanges to said body, said flanges gradually increasing in depth from the top to the bottom of the front walls, said magazine provided withv notches in its sides at their upper ends, flanges formed along the' lower endsl of the said notches and inturned into the magazine, said notches inplining upwardly to yform cartridge guiding ips. y

7. In an automatic-pistol, the combination of a frame, abarre'l carried by the frame, a cartridge magazinein the'frame opening below and in the rear of the breech of the barrel, a breech block slidable in the frame,

and normally urged toward the barrel, said breech block having a pair of spaced recesses therein and a projection intermediate said recesses adapted to traverse the upper end of the magazine and engage the uppermost end of' the cartridge therein to move thev same in advance of the block, inturned flanges on the magazine engaging in the `recesses in said breech block, and an vin wardly extending upwardly inclining guide at the upper end ol' the magazine 'adapted to elevate the rear edge of the cartridge into axial alinement with the barrel.

8. In an automatic pistol,'the combination of a frame, a barrel carried by the` to move the same in advance of the block,

inturned flanges on the .magazine engaging in the recesses in said breech block, an inwardly extending upwardly nclining guide at the upper end of the mafrazine adapted to elevate the rear edge of tlie cartridge into axial alinement with the barrel, anda lug formed upon said follower adapted to engage said breech block to prevent forward movement of ythe breech block when the magazine is empty. v

9. In an automatic pistol, a cartridge magazine y includingV front, rear and side walls, a forwardly inclined guide lip formed on the upper end of the front wall,'the side walls having inwardly extending substantially V-shaped notches formed therein, up-

wardly and forwardly inclined guide flanges formed on the lower faces of the notches, and inwardly extending right angularly disposed flanges formed on the upper ends of the side walls in rear of and above said guide flanges.

rRED o. sToKKE.'

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