EP1471322A1 - Process of fabricating a heat exchanger - Google Patents

Process of fabricating a heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1471322A1
EP1471322A1 EP04001346A EP04001346A EP1471322A1 EP 1471322 A1 EP1471322 A1 EP 1471322A1 EP 04001346 A EP04001346 A EP 04001346A EP 04001346 A EP04001346 A EP 04001346A EP 1471322 A1 EP1471322 A1 EP 1471322A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
headers
blocks
header
heat exchange
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04001346A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1471322B1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Möller
Herbert Aigner
Gabriele Engl
Thomas Hecht
Wolfgang Süssmann
Alfred Dr. Wanner
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE10316712A external-priority patent/DE10316712A1/en
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to EP04001346.8A priority Critical patent/EP1471322B1/en
Publication of EP1471322A1 publication Critical patent/EP1471322A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1471322B1 publication Critical patent/EP1471322B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a plate heat exchanger a plurality of heat exchanger blocks, each of a plurality of Have heat exchange passages, wherein at each heat exchanger block a Header is attached, which extends over at least a part of a page of the Heat exchanger block extends and a flow connection between a Part of the heat exchange passages manufactures.
  • the heat exchanger block of a plate heat exchanger consists of several layers of heat exchange passages, each by separating plates against each other are delimited. End strips and cover plates form the outer frame of the Heat exchanger block. Within a layer, further separating strips can be provided be, the heat exchange passages for different material flows from each other separate. By suitable arrangement of separating strips can plate heat exchangers be used for the simultaneous heat exchange of many fluid streams.
  • the initially made of loose components heat exchanger block is then in soldered to a soldering oven, so that all components are sealed together.
  • headers welded to a fluid port are provided.
  • Semi-cylindrical trays are usually used as headers.
  • the fluid connection is formed by pipe sockets, which are in the half-cylinder jacket of the header opposite the inlet and outlet openings of the Heat exchange passages are arranged. At this pipe socket are the Piping for the incoming and outgoing fluid flows connected.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for producing a To develop plate heat exchanger from several heat exchanger blocks, in which the piping effort is as low as possible.
  • Each heat exchanger block has a plurality of Heat exchange passages on.
  • the heat exchange passages can be specific Groups are divided, wherein the heat exchange passages of a group respectively serve to guide a specific fluid flow.
  • About the input or Exits in the heat exchange passages of a group are headers, respectively attached so that a flow connection is established between these passages becomes.
  • the header sometimes referred to as a collector, covers part of a Heat exchanger block side and forms with this a closed space, in the inlet or outlet openings of a group of heat exchange passages lead.
  • the heat exchanger blocks are arranged side by side so that at least one Header of one heat exchanger block a header of another Heat exchanger block is adjacent or that is opposite. Depending on Arrangement of the heat exchanger blocks border the headers directly or are something apart from each other.
  • the two headers are then placed on their facing sides with openings provided and interconnected, so that a flow connection between the two Headem is formed.
  • the result is a common header for both heat exchanger blocks, on the example of this common Header supplied fluid to the corresponding heat exchange matches both Heat exchanger blocks is distributed.
  • the individual heat exchanger blocks are inventively by direct Link their respective headers to a common header on the flow side connected with each other. It is no longer necessary to use every single header to provide a separate fluid port or pipe socket and the individual To connect fluid connections with each other.
  • the heat exchanger blocks are arranged side by side so that the adjacent sides of two headers substantially perpendicular to the Side of the respective heat exchanger block are arranged, over which the header extends.
  • the openings of the headers which serve as their flow connection are placed in a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the plane, in which the corresponding inlet and outlet openings in the Heat exchange passages are located. That is, the flow connection of the two Header is currently not directly opposite the respective input or Outlet openings of the heat exchange passages.
  • the fluid connection i. the opening of the header to the respective fluid flow or laxative piping, is preferably also in a plane arranged, which is substantially perpendicular to the plane in which the corresponding inlet and outlet openings in the heat exchange passages are located. That is, the fluid port is currently not directly opposite the inlet and outlet openings.
  • all fluid connections can be on two opposite sides the individual heat exchanger blocks are provided.
  • the heat exchanger blocks are designed so that all fluid connections on the same side of each heat exchanger block.
  • the pipelines to Supply and removal of the brought into heat exchange streams must therefore no longer be carried around the heat exchanger block consuming. Of the Piping effort is significantly reduced.
  • the headers have a semicircular cross-section, in particular Semi-cylindrical shells have proven to be a header.
  • the two Semicircular base surfaces provided with openings and interconnected.
  • the inventive compound of two adjacent Header resulting common header provided with a fluid connection is in a side of the common header that is substantially perpendicular to those sides of the two heat exchanger blocks, over which the two Extend header.
  • the Fluid connection not provided in the half-cylinder shell of the common header, but in one of the semi-circular bases, perpendicular to the cylinder axis are oriented.
  • the opening made in the header extends over the entire cross section of the header and is, more preferably, while maintaining of the cross section connected to the adjacent header.
  • the result is such a continuous header spanning two or more heat exchanger blocks extends.
  • the heat exchanger blocks are arranged spaced next to each other, so that a gap remains between the heat exchanger blocks.
  • the Heat exchanger blocks are preferably incorporating a spacer connected together, usually welded together.
  • a spacer can For example, a suitably shaped metal sheet or strip can be used.
  • the spacer so in the area of the common Headers is arranged that the heat exchanger blocks facing side of Headers in the area of the gap is completely covered by the spacer.
  • the space inside the common header is determined by the Header itself, for example, a semi-tubular shell, the side walls of Heat exchanger blocks and a part of the spacer limited.
  • the common header not only serves to distribute the supplied fluid stream on the heat exchange passages or to collect the from the Heat exchange passages exiting fluid, but also for supply and removal the corresponding fluid flows to and from the individual heat exchanger blocks.
  • Means that within the header means for flow guidance of the provided via the fluid connection or discharged fluids are provided.
  • a baffle which the space within the header in a flow area, which is preferred to supply and Leakage of the fluid is used, and divided into a distribution area in which the flow is calmed and the most even distribution of the fluid on the Heat exchange passages takes place.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 a heat exchanger block 1 with Headem 6, 7 schematically shown.
  • the heat exchanger block 1 has a plurality of Heat exchange passages on the sake of clarity in the figures not are shown.
  • the inlet and outlet openings of a group of Heat exchange passages are located in the region 2 on a side wall 3 of the Heat exchanger block 1 and in the area 4 at the bottom of the 5 Heat exchanger block 1.
  • On the areas 2, 3 with the inlet and outlet openings are Headers 6, 7 welded.
  • the headers 6, 7 are designed as semi-cylindrical shells with bases 8, 9, 10, 11.
  • baffles 23, 24 are arranged, which the space within the Divide header 6, 7 into a flow region 25 and a distribution region 26.
  • the Guiding plates 23, 24 are provided with a plurality of openings, so that a Gasund Liquid exchange between the flow region 25 and the Distribution area 26 is possible.
  • FIG. 3 shows an intermediate stage in the production of a novel product Plate heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b are identical to those in FIG The heat exchanger block 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 constructed.
  • the heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b are first with their respective headers 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b subjected to a leak test and a pressure strength test. To successful check all bases 8a, 9a, 10a, 11a of the header 6a and 7a of the heat exchanger block 1a and the bases 8b, 9b of the headers 6b, 7b of the Heat exchanger block 1b separated. On the two facing sides the header 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b is the separation, as shown in Figure 3 by dashed lines Lines 20, obliquely to the axis of the semi-cylindrical headers 6a, 7a, 6b, 7b. The bases 8a, 9a of the heat exchanger block 1a become perpendicular to the axis the semi-cylindrical header 6a, 7a cut off.
  • the two heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b are then at their lower end with a metal sheet 16 welded together.
  • the U-shaped plate 16 is so on the Heat exchanger blocks 1 a, 1 b attached, that the base of the U-shaped plate 16, the Bottoms 5a, 5b of the two blocks 1a, 1b connecting so that a continuous level results.
  • headers 6a, 6b In the area of headers 6a, 6b become the two Heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b also connected to a U-shaped plate 27, whose base is in the plane of the drawing and extending from the upper edge 21a, 21b of the heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b to the lower edge 22a, 22b of the header 6a, 6b, at which the semi-cylindrical header shell on the heat exchanger block 1a, 1b meets.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show the finished plate heat exchanger.
  • Between the headers 6a, 6b and the headers 7a, 7b of the two heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b are each one adapted cake piece-shaped intermediate piece 17, 18 used and with the Headers 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b and the U-shaped plates 16 welded.
  • To the Base surfaces 8a, 9a of the header 6a, 7a are pipes 12, 13 welded. Both pipes 12, 13 are located on the same side of the Heat exchanger block 1a. The connection and the further piping of the Heat exchanger are thus easily possible.
  • a fluid is supplied via pipe 12, which in the through the baffle 23 separated flow region 25 of the header 6a and over the pie-shaped connector 18 into the flow area 25 of the header 6b flows.
  • the baffles 23 of the two headers 6a, 6b have a plurality of Openings through which the fluid in the flow-calmed distribution regions 26th arrives.
  • the fluid is on the corresponding heat exchange passages of the heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b distributed.
  • the headers 7a, 7b are also by a baffle 24 in a flow-stabilized region 26 and a flow region 25 divided.
  • the flow-calmed region 26 in this case essentially serves for collecting and merging the fluid exiting the heat exchange passages and the flow area 25 for discharging the fluid to the pipeline 13.

Abstract

A simple method for assembling large capacity heat exchangers has several heat exchanger blocks (1) each fitted with headers (6, 7) which connect the input and output to distribution ducts inside each block. Several blocks are positioned in a line and are connected via interconnections between the adjacent ends of the headers. The headers have a semi circular cross section and are applied to the top edge of the blocks and under the blocks.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Plattenwärmetauscher aus mehreren Wärmetauscherblöcken, die jeweils eine Vielzahl von Wärmeaustauschpassagen aufweisen, wobei an jedem Wärmetauscherblock ein Header angebracht ist, der sich über zumindest einen Teil einer Seite des Wärmetauscherblocks erstreckt und der eine Strömungsverbindung zwischen einem Teil der Wärmeaustauschpassagen herstellt.The invention relates to a method for producing a plate heat exchanger a plurality of heat exchanger blocks, each of a plurality of Have heat exchange passages, wherein at each heat exchanger block a Header is attached, which extends over at least a part of a page of the Heat exchanger block extends and a flow connection between a Part of the heat exchange passages manufactures.

Der Wärmetauscherblock eines Plattenwärmetauschers besteht aus mehreren Lagen von Wärmeaustauschpassagen, die jeweils durch Trennbleche gegeneinander abgegrenzt sind. Abschlussleisten sowie Deckbleche bilden den äußeren Rahmen des Wärmetauscherblocks. Innerhalb einer Lage können weitere Trennleisten vorgesehen sein, die Wärmeaustauschpassagen für unterschiedliche Stoffströme voneinander trennen. Durch geeignete Anordnung von Trennleisten können Plattenwärmetauscher für den gleichzeitigen Wärmeaustausch von vielen Fluidströmen eingesetzt werden.The heat exchanger block of a plate heat exchanger consists of several layers of heat exchange passages, each by separating plates against each other are delimited. End strips and cover plates form the outer frame of the Heat exchanger block. Within a layer, further separating strips can be provided be, the heat exchange passages for different material flows from each other separate. By suitable arrangement of separating strips can plate heat exchangers be used for the simultaneous heat exchange of many fluid streams.

Der zunächst aus losen Bauteilen bestehende Wärmetauscherblock wird dann in einem Lötofen verlötet, so dass alle Bauteile miteinander dicht verbunden sind. Anschließend werden über den Ein- und Austrittsöffnungen der Wärmeaustauschpassagen Header aufgeschweißt, die mit einem Fluidanschluss versehen sind. Als Header werden üblicherweise halbzylindrische Schalen eingesetzt. Der Fluidanschluss wird durch Rohrstutzen gebildet, die in dem Halbzylindermantel des Headers gegenüber den Ein- bzw. Austrittsöffnungen der Wärmeaustauschpassagen angeordnet sind. An diese Rohrstutzen werden die Rohrleitungen für die zu- und abzuführenden Fluidströme angeschlossen.The initially made of loose components heat exchanger block is then in soldered to a soldering oven, so that all components are sealed together. Subsequently, over the inlet and outlet openings of the Heat exchange passages headers welded to a fluid port are provided. Semi-cylindrical trays are usually used as headers. The fluid connection is formed by pipe sockets, which are in the half-cylinder jacket of the header opposite the inlet and outlet openings of the Heat exchange passages are arranged. At this pipe socket are the Piping for the incoming and outgoing fluid flows connected.

Aus Fertigungsgründen, beispielsweise aufgrund der Größe des Lötofens, sind den Abmessungen eines Wärmetauscherblocks Grenzen gesetzt. Sollen größere Mengen an Fluid erwärmt bzw. abgekühlt werden, so ist es erforderlich, zwei oder mehr Wärmetauscherblöcke parallel anzuordnen. Bisher wird bei einer solchen parallelen Anordnung jeder Wärmetauscherblock mit den entsprechenden Headern und den daran angeschweißten Rohrstutzen versehen. Für jeden Stoffstrom wird eine Sammelleitung vorgesehen, an die die entsprechenden Rohrstutzen angeschlossen werden. Die Verrohrung der Wärmetauscherblöcke untereinander und mit den entsprechenden Anschlussleitungen wird dadurch äußerst komplex und aufwändig.For manufacturing reasons, for example, due to the size of the soldering oven, are the Dimensions of a heat exchanger block limits. Should be larger quantities be heated or cooled to fluid, it is necessary two or more To arrange heat exchanger blocks in parallel. So far, in such a parallel Arrangement of each heat exchanger block with the corresponding headers and the provided welded pipe socket. For each material flow is a Manifold provided, to which the corresponding pipe socket connected become. The piping of the heat exchanger blocks with each other and with the corresponding connection lines is thus extremely complex and expensive.

Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Plattenwärmetauscher aus mehreren Wärmetauscherblöcken zu entwickeln, bei dem der Verrohrungsaufwand möglichst niedrig ist.Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for producing a To develop plate heat exchanger from several heat exchanger blocks, in which the piping effort is as low as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, wobei die Wärmetauscherblöcke nebeneinander angeordnet werden und die Header zweier benachbarter Wärmetauscherblöcke an ihren einander zugewandten Seiten mit Öffnungen versehen und so miteinander verbunden werden, dass eine Strömungsverbindung zwischen den beiden Headern entsteht.This object is achieved by a method of the type mentioned, wherein the Heat exchanger blocks are placed side by side and the headers of two adjacent heat exchanger blocks on their sides facing each other Be provided openings and interconnected so that a Flow connection between the two headers arises.

Erfindungsgemäß wird der Plattenwärmetauscher aus mehreren Wärmetauscherblöcken hergestellt. Jeder Wärmetauscherblock weist eine Vielzahl von Wärmeaustauschpassagen auf. Die Wärmeaustauschpassagen können in bestimmte Gruppen eingeteilt werden, wobei die Wärmeaustauschpassagen einer Gruppe jeweils zur Führung eines bestimmten Fluidstromes dienen. Über den Ein- bzw. Austrittsöffnungen in die Wärmeaustauschpassagen einer Gruppe sind Header jeweils so angebracht, dass eine Strömungsverbindung zwischen diesen Passagen hergestellt wird.According to the plate heat exchanger of several Heat exchanger blocks produced. Each heat exchanger block has a plurality of Heat exchange passages on. The heat exchange passages can be specific Groups are divided, wherein the heat exchange passages of a group respectively serve to guide a specific fluid flow. About the input or Exits in the heat exchange passages of a group are headers, respectively attached so that a flow connection is established between these passages becomes.

Der Header, teilweise auch als Sammler bezeichnet, deckt einen Teil einer Wärmetauscherblockseite ab und bildet mit dieser einen abgeschlossenen Raum, in den die Ein- oder Austrittsöffnungen einer Gruppe von Wärmeaustauschpassagen münden.The header, sometimes referred to as a collector, covers part of a Heat exchanger block side and forms with this a closed space, in the inlet or outlet openings of a group of heat exchange passages lead.

Die Wärmetauscherblöcke werden so nebeneinander angeordnet, dass zumindest ein Header des einen Wärmetauscherblocks einem Header eines anderen Wärmetauscherblocks benachbart ist beziehungsweise jenem gegenüber liegt. Je nach Anordnung der Wärmetauscherblöcke grenzen die Header direkt aneinander oder sind etwas voneinander beabstandet. The heat exchanger blocks are arranged side by side so that at least one Header of one heat exchanger block a header of another Heat exchanger block is adjacent or that is opposite. Depending on Arrangement of the heat exchanger blocks border the headers directly or are something apart from each other.

Die beiden Header werden dann an ihren einander zugewandten Seiten mit Öffnungen versehen und miteinander verbunden, so dass eine Strömungsverbindung zwischen den beiden Headem gebildet wird. Im Ergebnis entsteht ein gemeinsamer Header für beide Wärmetauscherblöcke, über den beispielsweise ein diesem gemeinsamen Header zugeführtes Fluid auf die entsprechenden Wärmeaustauschpassgen beider Wärmetauscherblöcke verteilt wird.The two headers are then placed on their facing sides with openings provided and interconnected, so that a flow connection between the two Headem is formed. The result is a common header for both heat exchanger blocks, on the example of this common Header supplied fluid to the corresponding heat exchange matches both Heat exchanger blocks is distributed.

Die einzelnen Wärmetauscherblöcke werden erfindungsgemäß durch direkte Verbindung ihrer jeweiligen Header zu einem gemeinsamen Header strömungsseitig miteinander verbunden. Es ist nicht mehr notwendig, jeden einzelnen Header mit einem separaten Fluidanschluss oder Rohrstutzen zu versehen und die einzelnen Fluidanschlüsse miteinander zu verrohren.The individual heat exchanger blocks are inventively by direct Link their respective headers to a common header on the flow side connected with each other. It is no longer necessary to use every single header to provide a separate fluid port or pipe socket and the individual To connect fluid connections with each other.

Vorzugsweise werden die Wärmetauscherblöcke so nebeneinander angeordnet, dass die einander benachbarten Seiten zweier Header im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Seite des jeweiligen Wärmetauscherblocks angeordnet sind, über die sich der Header erstreckt. Die Öffnungen der Header, die zu deren Strömungsverbindung dienen, werden in einer Ebene angeordnet, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Ebene liegt, in der sich die entsprechenden Ein- bzw. Austrittsöffnungen in die Wärmeaustauschpassagen befinden. Das heißt, die Strömungsverbindung der beiden Header befindet sich gerade nicht direkt gegenüber den jeweiligen Ein- bzw. Austrittsöffnungen der Wärmeaustauschpassagen.Preferably, the heat exchanger blocks are arranged side by side so that the adjacent sides of two headers substantially perpendicular to the Side of the respective heat exchanger block are arranged, over which the header extends. The openings of the headers which serve as their flow connection are placed in a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the plane, in which the corresponding inlet and outlet openings in the Heat exchange passages are located. That is, the flow connection of the two Header is currently not directly opposite the respective input or Outlet openings of the heat exchange passages.

Der Fluidanschluss, d.h. die Öffnung des Headers zu den den jeweiligen Fluidstrom zu- bzw. abführenden Rohrleitungen, ist vorzugsweise ebenfalls in einer Ebene angeordnet, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Ebene liegt, in der sich die entsprechenden Ein- bzw. Austrittsöffnungen in die Wärmeaustauschpassagen befinden. Das heißt, der Fluidanschluss befindet sich gerade nicht direkt gegenüber den Ein- bzw. Austrittsöffnungen.The fluid connection, i. the opening of the header to the respective fluid flow or laxative piping, is preferably also in a plane arranged, which is substantially perpendicular to the plane in which the corresponding inlet and outlet openings in the heat exchange passages are located. That is, the fluid port is currently not directly opposite the inlet and outlet openings.

Erfindungsgemäß können alle Fluidanschlüsse auf zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten der einzelnen Wärmetauscherblöcke vorgesehen werden. Besonders bevorzugt werden die Wärmetauscherblöcke so gestaltet, dass sich alle Fluidanschlüsse auf derselben Seite des jeweiligen Wärmetauscherblocks befinden. Die Rohrleitungen zum Zu- und Abführen der miteinander in Wärmetausch gebrachten Stoffströme müssen daher nicht mehr aufwändig um den Wärmetauscherblock herumgeführt werden. Der Verrohrungsaufwand wird wesentlich verringert.According to the invention, all fluid connections can be on two opposite sides the individual heat exchanger blocks are provided. Especially preferred The heat exchanger blocks are designed so that all fluid connections on the same side of each heat exchanger block. The pipelines to Supply and removal of the brought into heat exchange streams must therefore no longer be carried around the heat exchanger block consuming. Of the Piping effort is significantly reduced.

Vorzugsweise besitzen die Header einen halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt, insbesondere haben sich halbzylindrische Schalen als Header bewährt. Bei einer solchen halbschalen-förmigen Ausführung des Headers werden bevorzugt die beiden halbkreisförmigen Grundflächen mit Öffnungen versehen und miteinander verbunden. Aus Festigkeitsgründen kann es vorteilhaft sein, die der Strömungsverbindung der beiden Header gegenüber liegende Grundfläche eines Headers nicht senkrecht, sondern beispielsweise schräg zum Halbzylindermantel zu orientieren.Preferably, the headers have a semicircular cross-section, in particular Semi-cylindrical shells have proven to be a header. In such a Half shell-shaped execution of the header are preferred the two Semicircular base surfaces provided with openings and interconnected. For reasons of strength, it may be advantageous to the flow of the header not facing the headers perpendicular to both headers, but, for example, to orient obliquely to the half cylinder shell.

Von Vorteil wird der durch die erfindungsgemäße Verbindung zweier benachbarter Header resultierende gemeinsame Header mit einem Fluidanschluss versehen, der sich in einer Seite des gemeinsamen Headers befindet, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu denjenigen Seiten der beiden Wärmetauscherblöcke liegt, über die sich die beiden Header erstrecken. Beispielsweise wird bei halbzylindrischen Headem der Fluidanschluss nicht im Halbzylindermantel des gemeinsamen Headers vorgesehen, sondern in einer der halbkreisförmigen Grundflächen, die senkrecht zur Zylinderachse orientiert sind.Of advantage is the by the inventive compound of two adjacent Header resulting common header provided with a fluid connection, the is in a side of the common header that is substantially perpendicular to those sides of the two heat exchanger blocks, over which the two Extend header. For example, in semicylindrical Headem the Fluid connection not provided in the half-cylinder shell of the common header, but in one of the semi-circular bases, perpendicular to the cylinder axis are oriented.

Bekannt ist, die Zu- und Ableitung der Fluidströme zu einem halbzylindrischen Header eines Wärmetauscherblocks über einen Rohrstutzen vorzunehmen, der auf die Halbschale geschweißt ist. Die Halbschale muss an dieser Stelle mit einer entsprechenden Öffnung versehen sein, wodurch jedoch die Festigkeit der Halbschale deutlich geschwächt wird. Wird dagegen der Fluidanschluss in einer der halbkreisförmigen Grundflächen vorgesehen, so weist der gemeinsame Header bei gleichen Wandstärken eine höhere Festigkeit auf. Umgekehrt kann bei einer vorgegebenen Sollfestigkeit bei der Auslegung des Headers eine geringere Wandstärke gewählt werden, wodurch die Kosten gesenkt werden.It is known, the supply and discharge of the fluid streams to a semi-cylindrical header a heat exchanger block via a pipe socket to make on the Half shell is welded. The half shell must be at this point with a be provided corresponding opening, whereby, however, the strength of the half-shell is significantly weakened. If, however, the fluid connection in one of provided semicircular bases, so has the common header equal wall thicknesses on a higher strength. Conversely, at a predetermined nominal strength in the design of the header a lower Wall thickness can be selected, thereby reducing costs.

Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich die in den Header eingebrachte Öffnung über den gesamten Querschnitt des Headers und wird, besonders bevorzugt, unter Beibehaltung des Querschnitts an den benachbarten Header angeschlossen. Im Ergebnis entsteht so ein durchgehender Header, der sich über zwei oder mehr Wärmetauscherblöcke erstreckt. Preferably, the opening made in the header extends over the entire cross section of the header and is, more preferably, while maintaining of the cross section connected to the adjacent header. The result is such a continuous header spanning two or more heat exchanger blocks extends.

Von Vorteil werden die Wärmetauscherblöcke beabstandet nebeneinander angeordnet, so dass ein Spalt zwischen den Wärmetauscherblöcken bleibt. Die Wärmetauscherblöcke werden vorzugsweise unter Einbau eines Abstandshalters miteinander verbunden, in der Regel miteinander verschweißt. Als Abstandshalter kann beispielsweise ein entsprechend geformtes Blech oder eine Leiste eingesetzt werden.Advantageously, the heat exchanger blocks are arranged spaced next to each other, so that a gap remains between the heat exchanger blocks. The Heat exchanger blocks are preferably incorporating a spacer connected together, usually welded together. As a spacer can For example, a suitably shaped metal sheet or strip can be used.

Besonders günstig ist es, wenn der Abstandshalter so im Bereich des gemeinsamen Headers angeordnet wird, dass die den Wärmetauscherblöcken zugewandte Seite des Headers im Bereich des Spaltes vollständig durch den Abstandshalter abgedeckt wird. In diesem Fall wird der Raum im Inneren des gemeinsamen Headers durch den Header selbst, beispielsweise eine halbrohrförmige Schale, die Seitenwände der Wärmetauscherblöcke und einen Teil des Abstandshalters begrenzt.It is particularly favorable if the spacer so in the area of the common Headers is arranged that the heat exchanger blocks facing side of Headers in the area of the gap is completely covered by the spacer. In this case, the space inside the common header is determined by the Header itself, for example, a semi-tubular shell, the side walls of Heat exchanger blocks and a part of the spacer limited.

Der gemeinsame Header dient nicht nur zum Verteilen des zugeführten Fluidstromes auf die Wärmeaustauschpassagen bzw. zum Sammeln des aus den Wärmeaustauschpassagen austretenden Fluids, sondern auch zum Zu- bzw. Abführen der entsprechenden Fluidströme zu und von den einzelnen Wärmetauscherblöcken.The common header not only serves to distribute the supplied fluid stream on the heat exchange passages or to collect the from the Heat exchange passages exiting fluid, but also for supply and removal the corresponding fluid flows to and from the individual heat exchanger blocks.

Dieser Doppelfunktion wird in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform dadurch weiter Rechnung getragen, dass innerhalb des Headers Mittel zur Strömungsführung des über den Fluidanschluss zu- oder abgeführten Fluids vorgesehen sind. Beispielsweise kann innerhalb des Headers ein Leitblech angeordnet sein, welches den Raum innerhalb des Headers in einen Strömungsbereich, der bevorzugt zur Zu- und Abführung des Fluids dient, und in einen Verteil-Bereich unterteilt, in dem die Strömung beruhigt ist und eine möglichst gleichmäßige Verteilung des Fluids auf die Wärmeaustauschpassagen erfolgt.This dual function is further developed in a preferred embodiment Means that within the header means for flow guidance of the provided via the fluid connection or discharged fluids are provided. For example can be arranged within the header, a baffle, which the space within the header in a flow area, which is preferred to supply and Leakage of the fluid is used, and divided into a distribution area in which the flow is calmed and the most even distribution of the fluid on the Heat exchange passages takes place.

Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen:

Figuren 1 und 2
je eine Seitenansicht eines Wärmetauscherblocks mit zwei Headern,
Figuren 3
zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Wärmetauscherblöcke zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Plattenwärmetauschers,
Figur 4
einen erfindungsgemäßen Plattenwärmetauscher und
Figur 5
eine Seitenansicht des Plattenwärmetauschers nach Figur 4.
The invention and further details of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Hereby show:
Figures 1 and 2
each a side view of a heat exchanger block with two headers,
Figures 3
two juxtaposed heat exchanger blocks for producing a plate heat exchanger according to the invention,
FIG. 4
a plate heat exchanger according to the invention and
FIG. 5
a side view of the plate heat exchanger of Figure 4.

In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist ein Wärmetauscherblock 1 mit Headem 6, 7 schematisch dargestellt. Der Wärmetauscherblock 1 weist eine Vielzahl von Wärmeaustauschpassagen auf, die der Übersichtlichkeit halber in den Figuren nicht gezeigt sind. Die Ein- und Austrittsöffnungen einer Gruppe von Wärmeaustauschpassagen befinden sich in dem Bereich 2 an einer Seitenwand 3 des Wärmetauscherblocks 1 bzw. in dem Bereich 4 an der Unterseite 5 des Wärmetauscherblocks 1. Auf die Bereiche 2, 3 mit den Ein- und Austrittsöffnungen sind Header 6, 7 aufgeschweißt.In Figures 1 and 2, a heat exchanger block 1 with Headem 6, 7 schematically shown. The heat exchanger block 1 has a plurality of Heat exchange passages on the sake of clarity in the figures not are shown. The inlet and outlet openings of a group of Heat exchange passages are located in the region 2 on a side wall 3 of the Heat exchanger block 1 and in the area 4 at the bottom of the 5 Heat exchanger block 1. On the areas 2, 3 with the inlet and outlet openings are Headers 6, 7 welded.

Die Header 6, 7 als halbzylindrische Schalen mit Grundflächen 8, 9, 10, 11 ausgeführt. In den Headern 6, 7 sind Leitbleche 23, 24 angeordnet, die den Raum innerhalb der Header 6, 7 in einen Strömungsbereich 25 und einen Verteilbereich 26 unterteilen. Die Leitbleche 23, 24 sind mit einer Vielzahl von Öffnungen versehen, so dass ein Gasund Flüssigkeitsaustausch zwischen dem Strömungsbereich 25 und dem Verteilbereich 26 möglich ist.The headers 6, 7 are designed as semi-cylindrical shells with bases 8, 9, 10, 11. In the headers 6, 7 baffles 23, 24 are arranged, which the space within the Divide header 6, 7 into a flow region 25 and a distribution region 26. The Guiding plates 23, 24 are provided with a plurality of openings, so that a Gasund Liquid exchange between the flow region 25 and the Distribution area 26 is possible.

Figur 3 zeigt ein Zwischenstadium bei der Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Plattenwärmetauschers. Die Wärmetauscherblöcke 1a, 1b sind identisch mit dem in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Wärmetauscherblock 1 aufgebaut.FIG. 3 shows an intermediate stage in the production of a novel product Plate heat exchanger. The heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b are identical to those in FIG The heat exchanger block 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 constructed.

Die Wärmetauscherblöcke 1a, 1b werden zunächst mit ihren jeweiligen Headern 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b einem Dichtigkeitstest und einer Druckfestigkeitsprüfung unterzogen. Nach erfolgreicher Prüfung werden alle Grundflächen 8a, 9a, 10a, 11a der Header 6a und 7a des Wärmetauscherblocks 1a sowie die Grundflächen 8b, 9b der Header 6b, 7b des Wärmetauscherblocks 1b abgetrennt. Auf den beiden einander zugewandten Seiten der Header 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b erfolgt die Abtrennung, wie in Figur 3 durch gestrichelte Linien 20 dargestellt, schräg zur Achse der halbzylindrischen Header 6a, 7a, 6b, 7b. Die Grundflächen 8a, 9a des Wärmetauscherblocks 1a werden senkrecht zur Achse der halbzylindrischen Header 6a, 7a abgeschnitten. The heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b are first with their respective headers 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b subjected to a leak test and a pressure strength test. To successful check all bases 8a, 9a, 10a, 11a of the header 6a and 7a of the heat exchanger block 1a and the bases 8b, 9b of the headers 6b, 7b of the Heat exchanger block 1b separated. On the two facing sides the header 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b is the separation, as shown in Figure 3 by dashed lines Lines 20, obliquely to the axis of the semi-cylindrical headers 6a, 7a, 6b, 7b. The bases 8a, 9a of the heat exchanger block 1a become perpendicular to the axis the semi-cylindrical header 6a, 7a cut off.

Die beiden Wärmetauscherblöcke 1a, 1b werden dann an ihrem unteren Ende mit einem Blech 16 zusammengeschweißt. Das U-förmige Blech 16 wird so an den Wärmetauscherblöcken 1a, 1b befestigt, dass die Basis des U-förmigen Bleches 16 die Unterseiten 5a, 5b der beiden Blöcke 1a, 1b so verbindet, dass sich eine durchgehende Ebene ergibt. Im Bereich der Header 6a, 6b werden die beiden Wärmetauscherblöcke 1a, 1b ebenfalls mit einem U-förmigen Blech 27 verbunden, dessen Basis sich in der Zeichenebene befindet und sich von der oberen Kante 21a, 21b der Wärmetauscherblöcke 1a, 1b bis zur unteren Kante 22a, 22b der Header 6a, 6b erstreckt, an der der halbzylindrische Headermantel auf den Wärmetauscherblock 1a, 1b trifft.The two heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b are then at their lower end with a metal sheet 16 welded together. The U-shaped plate 16 is so on the Heat exchanger blocks 1 a, 1 b attached, that the base of the U-shaped plate 16, the Bottoms 5a, 5b of the two blocks 1a, 1b connecting so that a continuous level results. In the area of headers 6a, 6b become the two Heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b also connected to a U-shaped plate 27, whose base is in the plane of the drawing and extending from the upper edge 21a, 21b of the heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b to the lower edge 22a, 22b of the header 6a, 6b, at which the semi-cylindrical header shell on the heat exchanger block 1a, 1b meets.

Die Figuren 4 und 5 zeigen den fertigen Plattenwärmetauscher. Zwischen die Header 6a, 6b und die Header 7a, 7b der beiden Wärmetauscherblöcken 1a, 1b wird je ein angepasstes tortenstückförmiges Zwischenstück 17, 18 eingesetzt und mit den Headern 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b sowie den U-förmigen Blechen 16 verschweißt. An die Grundflächen 8a, 9a der Header 6a, 7a werden Rohrleitungen 12, 13 angeschweißt. Beide Rohrleitungen 12, 13 befinden sich auf derselben Seite des Wärmetauscherblocks 1a. Der Anschluss und die weitere Verrohrung des Wärmetauschers sind somit leicht möglich.Figures 4 and 5 show the finished plate heat exchanger. Between the headers 6a, 6b and the headers 7a, 7b of the two heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b are each one adapted cake piece-shaped intermediate piece 17, 18 used and with the Headers 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b and the U-shaped plates 16 welded. To the Base surfaces 8a, 9a of the header 6a, 7a are pipes 12, 13 welded. Both pipes 12, 13 are located on the same side of the Heat exchanger block 1a. The connection and the further piping of the Heat exchanger are thus easily possible.

Im Betrieb wird beispielsweise über Rohrleitung 12 ein Fluid zugeführt, welches in den durch das Leitblech 23 abgetrennten Strömungsbereich 25 des Headers 6a und über das tortenstückförmige Verbindungsstück 18 in den Strömungsbereich 25 des Headers 6b strömt. Die Leitbleche 23 der beiden Header 6a, 6b weisen eine Vielzahl von Öffnungen auf, durch die das Fluid in die strömungsberuhigten Verteilbereiche 26 gelangt. In den Verteilbereichen 26 der Headem 6a, 6b wird das Fluid auf die entsprechenden Wärmeaustauschpassagen der Wärmetauscherblöcke 1a, 1b verteilt.In operation, for example, a fluid is supplied via pipe 12, which in the through the baffle 23 separated flow region 25 of the header 6a and over the pie-shaped connector 18 into the flow area 25 of the header 6b flows. The baffles 23 of the two headers 6a, 6b have a plurality of Openings through which the fluid in the flow-calmed distribution regions 26th arrives. In the distribution regions 26 of the head 6a, 6b, the fluid is on the corresponding heat exchange passages of the heat exchanger blocks 1a, 1b distributed.

In analoger Weise wird das Fluid nach dem Wärmeaustausch über die Header 7a, 7b mit dem zwischengeschalteten Verbindungsstück 17 und die Rohrleitung 13 wieder abgeführt. Die Header 7a, 7b sind ebenfalls durch ein Leitblech 24 in einen strömungsberuhigten Bereich 26 und einen Strömungsbereich 25 unterteilt. Der strömungsberuhigte Bereich 26 dient in diesem Fall im Wesentlichen zum Sammeln und Zusammenführen des aus den Wärmeaustauschpassagen austretenden Fluids und der Strömungsbereich 25 zum Abführen des Fluids zur Rohrleitung 13.In an analogous manner, the fluid after the heat exchange via the header 7a, 7b with the intermediate connector 17 and the pipe 13 again dissipated. The headers 7a, 7b are also by a baffle 24 in a flow-stabilized region 26 and a flow region 25 divided. Of the The flow-calmed region 26 in this case essentially serves for collecting and merging the fluid exiting the heat exchange passages and the flow area 25 for discharging the fluid to the pipeline 13.

Claims (9)

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Plattenwärmetauscher aus mehreren Wärmetauscherblöcken, die jeweils eine Vielzahl von Wärmeaustauschpassagen aufweisen, wobei an jedem Wärmetauscherblock ein Header angebracht ist, der sich über zumindest einen Teil einer Seite des Wärmetauscherblocks erstreckt und der eine Strömungsverbindung zwischen einem Teil der Wärmeaustauschpassagen herstellt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmetauscherblöcke (1a, 1b) nebeneinander angeordnet werden und die Header (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) zweier benachbarter Wärmetauscherblöcke (1a, 1b) an ihren einander zugewandten Seiten mit Öffnungen versehen und so miteinander verbunden werden, dass eine Strömungsverbindung zwischen den beiden Headern (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) entsteht.A method of manufacturing a plate heat exchanger from a plurality of heat exchange blocks, each having a plurality of heat exchange passages, with a header attached to each heat exchanger block extending over at least a portion of a side of the heat exchanger block and providing flow communication between a portion of the heat exchange passages in that the heat exchanger blocks (1a, 1b) are arranged next to one another and the headers (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) of two adjacent heat exchanger blocks (1a, 1b) are provided with openings on their sides facing each other and connected to one another in such a way that a flow connection between the two headers (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b) is created. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diejenigen Seiten der Header (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) einander zugewandt sind, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Seite (5a, 5b) des Wärmetauscherblocks (1a, 1b) angeordnet sind, über die sich der jeweilige Header (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) erstreckt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that those sides of the headers (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) facing each other are arranged substantially perpendicular to the side (5a, 5b) of the heat exchanger block (1a, 1b) via which the respective header (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) extends. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einer der beiden Header (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) mit einem Fluidanschluss (12, 13) versehen wird, wobei der Fluidanschluss (12, 13) senkrecht zu denjenigen Seiten (5a, 5b) der Wärmetauscherblöcke (1a, 1 b) angeordnet wird, in denen sich die Einund Austrittsöffnungen der Wärmeaustauschpassagen befinden.Method according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that one of the two headers (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) is provided with a fluid connection (12, 13), the fluid connection (12, 13) being perpendicular to those sides ( 5a, 5b) of the heat exchanger blocks (1a, 1b), in which the inlet and outlet openings of the heat exchange passages are located. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass alle Fluidanschlüsse (12, 13) des Plattenwärmetauschers auf derselben Seite vorgesehen werden.A method according to claim 3, characterized in that all the fluid connections (12, 13) of the plate heat exchanger are provided on the same side. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Header (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) so miteinander verbunden werden, dass sich deren Querschnitt an der Verbindungsstelle (17, 18) nicht verringert.Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the two headers (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) are connected to one another in such a way that their cross section at the connection point (17, 18) does not decrease. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Header (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) halbzylindrisch ausgebildet sind. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the headers (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) are formed semi-cylindrical. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen die beiden Header (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) ein Verbindungsstück (17, 18) eingebracht wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that between the two headers (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b), a connecting piece (17, 18) is introduced. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmetauscherblöcke (1a, 1b) beabstandet voneinander angeordnet und mittels eines Bleches (16, 27) oder einer Leiste so miteinander verbunden werden, dass die den Wärmetauscherblöcken (1a, 1b) zugewandte Seite des Verbindungsstückes (16, 27) durch eine Seitenfläche eines Wärmetauscherblockes (1a, 1b) und/oder das Blech (16, 27) und/oder die Leiste vollständig abgedeckt wird.Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that the heat exchanger blocks (1a, 1b) are arranged at a distance from one another and connected to one another by means of a metal sheet (16, 27) or a strip in such a way that the side of the connecting piece facing the heat exchanger blocks (1a, 1b) ( 16, 27) is completely covered by a side surface of a heat exchanger block (1a, 1b) and / or the sheet (16, 27) and / or the bar. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmetauscherblöcke (1a, 1b) auf Dichtigkeit und/oder Druckfestigkeit getestet werden, bevor deren Header (6a, 6b; 7a, 7b) miteinander verbunden werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the heat exchanger blocks (1a, 1b) are tested for leaktightness and / or compressive strength, before the header (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b) are connected together.
EP04001346.8A 2003-02-25 2004-01-22 Process of fabricating a heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime EP1471322B1 (en)

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DE10308015 2003-02-25
DE10308015 2003-02-25
DE10316712 2003-04-11
DE10316712A DE10316712A1 (en) 2003-02-25 2003-04-11 Plate heat exchanger comprises a header forming a flow connection between heat exchanger passages and provided with a fluid connection arranged perpendicularly to the side of a heat exchanger block over which the header extends
EP03012311A EP1452815A1 (en) 2003-02-25 2003-05-28 Heat Exchanger
EP03012311 2003-05-28
EP04001346.8A EP1471322B1 (en) 2003-02-25 2004-01-22 Process of fabricating a heat exchanger

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US7669646B2 (en) 2005-11-22 2010-03-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Heat exchanger with header and flow guide
DE102020007618A1 (en) 2020-01-30 2021-08-05 Linde Gmbh Method of manufacturing a fin and plate heat exchanger

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US5324452A (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-06-28 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Integrated plate-fin heat exchange reformation
US20020011331A1 (en) * 2000-07-11 2002-01-31 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Heat-exchange fin for a brazed-plate heat exchanger, and corresponding heat exchanger
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7669646B2 (en) 2005-11-22 2010-03-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Heat exchanger with header and flow guide
DE102020007618A1 (en) 2020-01-30 2021-08-05 Linde Gmbh Method of manufacturing a fin and plate heat exchanger

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