EP1413145A1 - Procede et dispositif de codage d'une mosa que d'images - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de codage d'une mosa que d'imagesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1413145A1 EP1413145A1 EP02791509A EP02791509A EP1413145A1 EP 1413145 A1 EP1413145 A1 EP 1413145A1 EP 02791509 A EP02791509 A EP 02791509A EP 02791509 A EP02791509 A EP 02791509A EP 1413145 A1 EP1413145 A1 EP 1413145A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sub
- image
- images
- mosaic
- coding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
- H04N21/2365—Multiplexing of several video streams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
- H04N19/107—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode between spatial and temporal predictive coding, e.g. picture refresh
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
- H04N19/55—Motion estimation with spatial constraints, e.g. at image or region borders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/61—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
- H04N21/23614—Multiplexing of additional data and video streams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/242—Synchronization processes, e.g. processing of PCR [Program Clock References]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/4302—Content synchronisation processes, e.g. decoder synchronisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/431—Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering
- H04N21/4312—Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering involving specific graphical features, e.g. screen layout, special fonts or colors, blinking icons, highlights or animations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
- H04N21/4347—Demultiplexing of several video streams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
- H04N21/4348—Demultiplexing of additional data and video streams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/174—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a slice, e.g. a line of blocks or a group of blocks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and device for coding and decoding a mosaic of images.
- the field is that of MPEG or other type of video compression, in the case where this technique makes it possible to implement resynchronization means.
- This is for example the H263 or MPEG 4 standard or any compression process which offers the possibility of placing resynchronization markers at different places in the bit stream generated during compression.
- the mosaic is generally composed of several pages (screens), each page corresponding to a channel (elementary stream MPEG2). At any time, an entire image is decoded and displayed. Even if only part of the mosaic is useful for display, the mosaic must be fully decoded, thus generating a significant processing time.
- the invention aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. It relates to a method for coding a mosaic of images giving a coded data stream, the mosaic being composed of sub-images, the sub-images being composed of image elements, resynchronization markers in the flow allowing resynchronization of data at the reception level, characterized in that:
- the mosaic is coded element by element according to a scan of the TV type to provide data of the stream, the first element of each sub-image being identified,
- a resynchronization marker is placed in the stream, before each first element of a sub-image to identify the data relating to the sub-image.
- an image element is a macroblock
- the coding uses the MPEG 2 standard and the resynchronization markers are slice headers (slices in English in the standard).
- an image element is a macroblock
- the coding exploits the MPEG 4 standard and the resynchronization markers are headers of groups of macroblocks.
- the motion estimation uses a window for searching for the motion vector which corresponds to the location of the sub image in the image.
- the coding of a sub-image is forced in intra mode if it has not been coded in this mode for a determined number of previous mosaic images.
- the sub-images having different sizes, the surface of these images constituting a mosaic support, the mosaic support is also coded and the coding data of the support are transmitted in the stream at the start of a video session. If the medium varies over time, the coding data of the medium is transmitted in the stream at each variation.
- the invention also relates to a method for decoding an image mosaic from a data stream comprising resynchronization markers and encoding data for image mosaics consisting of sub-images, characterized in that 'A filtering of this data from the resynchronization markers and a decoding are performed, to extract from the stream and decode, among the data relating to mosaics, the only data relating to selected sub-images.
- the decoded sub-images are stored and if a sub-image has been coded in inter mode, the corresponding stored sub-image of the preceding mosaic is used for decoding. According to a particular implementation of the method, if a sub-image cannot be decoded, the corresponding sub-image of the preceding mosaic is taken into account.
- the invention also relates to a decoder for decoding an image mosaic from a data stream comprising resynchronization markers and coding data for image mosaics consisting of sub-images, characterized in that '' it includes a filtering circuit based on synchronization markers and a decoding circuit for extracting from the stream and decoding, among the data relating to mosaics, the only data relating to selected sub-images.
- the invention also relates to a player for a video data stream carrying coding data for image mosaics composed of sub-images and resynchronization markers, for displaying a final image, comprising a decoder for the decoding of the stream and a processing circuit for managing the decoder, characterized in that: - the processing circuit transmits to the decoder information on the selected sub-images useful for displaying the final image,
- the decoder comprises a filtering circuit from synchronization markers and a decoding circuit, to extract from the stream and decode, among the data relating to mosaics, the only data relating to the selected sub-images. ": ..,.
- the idea of the invention is to use, resynchronization markers generally provided in standards to allow resynchronization on the data stream received during errors or loss of transmission, to define ⁇ data; in the stream, belonging to the different parts of images or sub-images. comprising a mosaic image.
- the technique of resynchronization markers is used to locate the start of each sub-image of the mosaic and to decode at all times only the parts of the mosaic to be displayed.
- the decoding process is thus improved in terms of speed of calculation, the video decoding of the mosaic of images is accelerated.
- the goal is to preserve as much as possible the resources of the central processing unit (CPU) of the player to allow it to perform other tasks than those of video decoding of the mosaic.
- the term "player” used here designates the complete device which includes the video decoder but also the entire system layer which controls this decoder, as well as other elements such as audio decoder, graphics processing circuits, display circuits. .
- This selective decoding is implemented using a proprietary method at the level of the decoder and from information originating from the "system" layer which controls the video decoder. Decoders
- FIG. 1 a mosaic format to be coded
- the proposed process is involved in three elements of the video coding-decoding chain: the video coder, the system layer of the player containing the video decoder, the video decoder. It uses, during encoding, the video packet technique, existing for example in the
- Figure 1 represents a succession of three images
- mosaic referenced 1, 2, 3 to be coded at times t, t + 1, t + 2.
- a mosaic image consists of sub-images or thumbnails of identical size and the corresponding video therefore consists of the superposition of sub-images of identical size. So the mosaic image 1
- FIG. 35 consists of N sub-images or thumbnails referenced 1 1 to 1 N-
- the coding bit stream of these images is represented in FIG. 2. It is the bit stream of the elementary stream ("Elementary Stream" in the MPEG standard) corresponding to the complete mosaic.
- the video data relating to the mosaic image is preceded by an image header. They consist of coded data relating to each sub-image. According to the invention, these data are separated, for each sub-image, by a resynchronization marker.
- the coder places in the bit stream resynchronization markers delimiting video packets, these packets being coded independently of each other, a video packet therefore corresponding to the data between two markers.
- Each sub-image is then treated as a video packet and a resynchronization marker is therefore placed at the start of each sub-image, that is to say that it precedes, in the stream of
- the video encoder encodes all video sub-images. By placing, for the coding of the mosaic, the sub-images one under the other, the coding of the latter, by the video coding layer, is done sequentially, one after the other considering the scanning mode classic television type. Thus, by incrementing the synchronization markers from one sub-image to another, it is possible, on decoding, to locate and directly access the desired sub-image or sub-images simply from the number of the associated marker. From the information coming from the system layer indicating the desired sub-images, ie necessary for the production of the final image to be displayed, the decoder can therefore initiate the decoding of these only sub-images useful for this image final.
- the coding of the sub-images can use the motion estimation for coding of the inter, predictive or bidirectional type. So that the sub-images can be decoded independently of one another, it is necessary, when coding an inter-type sub-images, that the motion estimation zone is limited to a corresponding prediction zone the location and size of the sub image involved. Thus, a motion vector of the motion estimator is not authorized to point in another sub-image than that corresponding to the block with which it is associated. This limitation can be applied only on the vertical axis, the standard authorizing a motion vector to point out of the image for the horizontal axis.
- the decoder To allow the decoder to randomly access the 5 sub-images of the mosaic, for example following a user action, the sub-images must be regularly coded in intra mode.
- the encoder codes at a relatively high frequency, conventionally every 0.5 seconds, the entire mosaic in intra mode. 10 - if the coding syntax allows, coding in intra mode is not performed on the whole image, but only on a part of the image.
- the encoder uses this intra-sub-picture by sub-picture mode in a rotating manner.
- the first sub-images are:, forced in intra mode.
- the other sub-images are coded in '1.5 predictive mode, therefore with temporal prediction.
- it is the following sub-images which are coded in intra mode, and so on until reaching the last sub-images of the mosaic.
- the: process starts again for the first. subframes. This makes it possible to dilute over time the cost, in terms of bit rate, of sub-images coded in intra 0 and not to have a peak bit rate which would occur if the coding of the entire image was carried out in intra mode.
- a similar implementation of this second solution consists in providing each of the sub-images with an intra refresh counter, reset at each intra coding, for example to a value equal to the refresh period Rf, this counter being decremented at each inter coding of the sub-image in question.
- the counters associated with the sub-images are initialized randomly between 0 and Rf.
- the intra-coding of the sub-image is triggered each time 0 when the counter returns to Rf.
- the refresh counter associated with this sub-image can be reset to Rf in order to allow coding of this sub-image in intra mode. .
- the system layer of the player implements a proprietary solution making it possible to indicate to the video decoder, from a suitable interface, which sub-images of the mosaic must be decoded. She for example transmits the ordered list of the numbers of the sub-images to be decoded. These sub-images are exactly those which must be displayed after decoding. When a 'standard' decoder is used, this information will not be used and the entire mosaic will be decoded. 5
- the video decoder receives the bit stream corresponding to the coded mosaic, as well as the list of the numbers of the sub-images to be decoded. It manages the following information:
- the drive processing algorithm is shown in Figure 3. the list of sub-images to be decoded, calculated by the system layer, is operated by the processing algorithm -.
- a first step 4 checks whether all the sub-images in the list have been processed. 5 If yes, that is to say at the end of the list, the next step is step 5. All the sub-images necessary for displaying the final image having been processed, the decoding process is finished and the decoded mosaic is returned to the system layer which will process it to display the final image. 0 If not, the next step 6 recovers the number k of the next sub-image to be processed, the first sub-image if it is at the start of iteration. The next step 7 searches for the resynchronization marker k in the data stream. Step 8 checks if it has been found.
- step 4 If not, if for example there was an error in the data transmission, we go back to step 4 to process the sub- following image, the indicator relating to the current sub-image k being positioned so as to signal that the sub-image could not be decoded.
- step 9 checks whether the mosaic has been coded entirely in intra mode or whether the sub-image k of the previous mosaic image has been decoded. This verification can be done from the positioning of the "decoded_image (k)" indicators assigned to the subimages:
- the decoding of the sub-image is then possible and, during step 10, the data relating to this sub-image k are decoded.
- the algorithm will check whether the coding of the macroblocks of the sub-image k is carried out in intra mode, the coding mode of the global image being however the inter mode.
- a step 12 checks whether all the macroblocks of the sub ⁇ ; image have been reviewed. -,
- step 14 checks, for the next macroblock, whether it is coded
- step 15 positions the indicator so as to indicate that::. the corresponding thumbnail has not been decoded.
- the next step is step 4 which processes the next subimage.
- step 13 performs the decoding of the data relating to this macroblock then step 12 checks whether it is the last macroblock to be coded for this sub-image k. If yes, that is to say if all the data relating to the macroblocks of the sub-image k have been able to be decoded, step 11 is implemented.
- the sub-image is then reconstructed during the next step 11 where the "decoded_image (k)" indicator is updated. It is a reconstruction, either from the only data of the stream relating to this sub-image at time t if the coding of the data was in intra mode, or from the stored data of the decoded sub-image. corresponding to the previous mosaic if the coding of the data was in inter mode.
- the thumbnail is constructed from the decoded data by performing in a conventional way, the inverse cosine transformation operations, motion compensation, addition of the residue in inter mode ...
- step 15 When a subimage could not be constructed (step 15), one. solution 1 is to exploit the. corresponding sub-image of the previous mosaic. '. '.
- An improvement "of the invention consists in transmitting thumbnails of different size. The method then consists, at the level of the coder, in coding, in addition to the image of the mosaic, the shape of the support of the mosaic.
- FIG. 4 represents, referenced 16, a form of mosaic for which the thumbnails do not all have the same form.
- a coding of the support of the mosaic referenced 17 in the figure, is carried out. This coding is only necessary at the very start of the video session. However, it is possible to modify the arrangement of the different thumbnails over time. It is then necessary to update this support.
- the new medium is transmitted, in intra or inter mode, at each change of arrangement of the thumbnails which results in a change of the medium.
- An implementation of the method exploits the macroblock coding of a sub-image.
- This is an exemplary embodiment and the macroblock can be replaced by any image element without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the described method can be extended to video objects of any shape, the medium then having to be coded at all times.
- One application concerns video games where the thumbnails correspond to different animated characters. It can be noted that if, at the encoding level, the addition of resynchronization markers at the start of each sub-image slightly increases the bit stream, this additional cost is limited and also makes it possible to have a resynchronization which facilitates the masking of transmission errors.
- the selection of the sub-images from the synchronization markers can be done by assigning a numbering to the markers and the sub-images, a number of a marker then corresponding to a determined sub-images. It can also be done taking into account the sequential coding of the sub-strings; - the nth synchronization marker. for relative data. at . a mosaic image then corresponding to the nth coded sub-image of the mosaic.
- the applications concern, inter alia, interactive services using the video mosaic system; It can be, for example, the consultation of an electronic program guide where the user has the possibility of examining the different pages of a mosaic of programs.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0110087A FR2828055B1 (fr) | 2001-07-27 | 2001-07-27 | Procede et dispositif de codage d'une mosaique d'images |
FR0110087 | 2001-07-27 | ||
PCT/FR2002/002639 WO2003013145A1 (fr) | 2001-07-27 | 2002-07-24 | Procede et dispositif de codage d'une mosaïque d'images |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1413145A1 true EP1413145A1 (fr) | 2004-04-28 |
Family
ID=8866007
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP02791509A Withdrawn EP1413145A1 (fr) | 2001-07-27 | 2002-07-24 | Procede et dispositif de codage d'une mosa que d'images |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8160159B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1413145A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4547149B2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2828055B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003013145A1 (fr) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2003013145A1 (fr) | 2003-02-13 |
JP2004537930A (ja) | 2004-12-16 |
FR2828055A1 (fr) | 2003-01-31 |
US20040184548A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
US8160159B2 (en) | 2012-04-17 |
JP4547149B2 (ja) | 2010-09-22 |
FR2828055B1 (fr) | 2003-11-28 |
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