EP1400998A2 - Electric switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The switch includes an operating member formed as a rocker arm (14), which operates a switching device (12). An electric motor (16) comprises a rotationally mounted rotor (32). The operating member is connected to the rotor and thereby rotationally or rockably mounted in common with the rotor. The switch may be formed as a press-key. An Independent claim is included for a method of signaling the switching state of a switching device.

Description

The present invention relates to an electrical toggle or rocker switch with an actuating element designed as a rocker arm or rocker and a switching device which can be actuated by means of the actuating element and a method for reporting a switching status a switching device which can be actuated by means of an actuating element when actuating the actuating element.

Electrical switches are generally known and are used for opening and closing circuits. For this purpose, they have a switching device on, which can be actuated via an actuating element in such a way that the switching device assumes one of two switching states. At a first, in The following switching state, referred to as conductive, is two connections the switching device electrically connected to each other while in a second switching state, referred to below as separate the connections are electrically separated from each other.

For a number of applications, electrical switches are like this called button used that only a predetermined switching state ingest while operating the actuator. In such In cases it is desirable for an operator to operate the switch actuated, can recognize whether a triggering of a switching process or reaching a predetermined switching state by actuation was actually achieved.

There are electrical switches that have mechanical devices for this purpose have the operator, for example, when depressed an actuator designed as a button by a change one of the resistance to the actuating movement Overcoming a pressure point and thus reaching a predetermined one Show switching status. However, such a mechanism is susceptible to wear and mediates especially when the Push button no reliable feedback whether the switching device is still is in the desired switching state.

However, feedback is particularly important in situations where which the operator does not visually check the effect of the operation can. In particular, a driver of a motor vehicle is usually forced to watch road traffic so that it is a visual As a rule, do not perceive feedback of a button being pressed can.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of an electrical To provide switches that provide feedback of an achieved Switching state allows in a simple manner; as well as a procedure for Feedback of a switching state by means of an actuating element actuatable switching device when actuating the actuating element to accomplish.

The task is solved by an electric toggle or rocker switch with the features of claim 1.

The electrical toggle or rocker switch according to the invention comprises a as a rocker arm or rocker actuating element, a means the actuating element actuable switching device and an electric motor, which has a rotatably mounted rotor, the actuating element connected to the runner and thus together with this is rotatably or pivotally mounted.

The task is also solved by a feedback procedure a switching state of an actuatable by means of an actuating element Switching device when actuating the actuating element with the Features of claim 17.

In the method according to the invention for reporting a switching state a switching device that by means of a rocker arm or Rocker-trained actuating element can be actuated with a rotatably mounted rotor of an electric motor is connected when actuated of the actuating element during an actuation of the actuating element the switching device in a predetermined switching state offset and on the actuator by means of the actuator connected rotor of the electric motor by feeding torque to the electric motor.

The method according to the invention can be carried out with the aid of the electrical toggle or rocker switch.

The electrical switch according to the invention has an actuating element a rocker arm or a rocker that is mounted so that it or they can be pivoted or rotated about a predetermined geometric axis is. The actuator can be on one axis or just two bearing journals can be stored.

A rocker arm is understood here to mean an actuating element which has an arm by means of which it is between a resting and at least one actuating position is movable back and forth, this Layers each correspond to a different switching state. One as a seesaw configured actuating element, in contrast, has two as lever or rocker arms formed sections, one of which each for Reaching a predetermined switching state of the switch is actuated and moved from a rest position into a corresponding actuation position becomes.

Such electrical switches with a rocker arm or rocker Actuators are often easier to use than corresponding ones Pressure switch when the switch, as is often the case in motor vehicles the case is about an arm's length away from the operator this is arranged.

The switching device which can be actuated by the actuating element is used for Opening and closing a circuit. For this purpose, this can have two switching device connections have between which during a given Actuation of the actuating element a predetermined switching state given is. In this given switching state, depending on Application, the switching device connections electrically with each other connected or separated. In the invention The switching device can thus move by actuating the actuating element from a complementary to the given switching state Switching state can be set to the specified switching state.

Furthermore, an electric motor is provided according to the invention, in which it any device for converting electrical to mechanical Energy can act on a rotatable runner having. Depending on the type of electric motor, the rotor is often also called Anchor or rotor called. The electric motor can still one Stand, often referred to as a stator, have the rigid with a Fastening element of the toggle or rocker switch is connected. At least one of the stator and rotor comprises at least one coil winding, so that the rotor by supplying a current to the electric motor and thus to the coil winding over that from the coil winding generated magnetic field is movable. In particular, three-phase motors or electric motors that can be driven by electronic control, such as stepper motors or similarly trained Electric motors, and preferably DC motors are used.

The rotor is connected to the actuating element and thereby to one rotatably or pivotally mounted together with this. The connection and the storage need only be designed in such a way that on the one hand the transmission of torque from the rotor to the actuating element is possible and that other forces in one Direction transverse to the geometric axis of rotation or swivel axis about which the Actuating element can be rotated or pivoted can. The position of the actuating element is preferably also secured in a direction parallel to the geometric rotation or Pivot axis.

By connecting the actuator to the rotor Torques or forces exerted by the electric motor directly be transferred to the actuator. To such a torque to exercise needs the electric motor, that is, in particular a coil winding of the electric motor, only a corresponding current to be fed.

The ability to apply torque to the actuator need only be possible in the actuating position of the actuating element to be the one during the operation, that is, when the corresponding one predetermined switching state is reached, relative to the switching device occupies. In particular, it is therefore sufficient that the runner only is rotatable over an angular range that corresponds to the rotating or swiveling range corresponds to the actuating element.

If the stator has at least one coil winding, the rotor can completely or partially arranged within the corresponding coil winding his. However, it is also possible to keep the rotor outside the coil winding to arrange, optionally the coil winding at least partially a coil core or a yoke made of a ferromagnetic or soft magnetic material to record the Coil winding generated magnetic field in the area of the rotor to lead.

The connection between the rotor and the actuator is like this on the one hand a very good torque and power transmission from the Runner on the actuator, that is, the rocker arm or Rocker reached. Second, there is a very simple construction since the rotor forms a component together with the actuating element, that only needs to be pivoted.

In the method according to the invention is during an operation of the Actuator, i.e. whose movement from the rest position into the Operating position, the switching device in a predetermined switching state offset, depending on the use of the invention electrical switch a conductive or separate switching state can be. The actuating element is then in the actuating position. Then during the actuation of the actuating element Electric motor supplied a current, which means by means of the actuator connected rotor on the actuator Torque is exerted for an operator operating the actuator actuated, can be felt and so a tactile feedback for reaching the actuation position and thus the predetermined Switching state forms.

The invention therefore advantageously allows active tactile Acknowledgment for a given switching state reached at at the same time very simple and light construction of the used electrical switch.

In particular, this makes it possible to use the electrical device according to the invention Toggle or rocker switches in motor vehicles also on many different Use places without incurring prohibitively high costs or the weight of the motor vehicle increases significantly.

In addition, electrical toggle or rocker switches according to the invention be designed so that they take up very little space require what is very advantageous for use in a motor vehicle is.

The simple construction also allows very short response times of the electric motor and thus quick feedback a successful actuation of the electrical according to the invention Person operating the toggle or rocker switch.

Further developments and preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the description, the claims and the drawings.

Basically, the toggle or rocker switch according to the invention can Reaching the specified switching state even after actuation has ended of the actuator in this switching state reached remain. However, it is preferred that the electrical toggle or rocker switch is designed as a button. A button is used here Switch understood that a predetermined switching state only during assumes an actuation of the actuating element, but otherwise in the Switching state, which to the predetermined, by operating the switch switching state to be achieved is complementary, returns automatically. With such an electrical switch there is active tactile feedback particularly advantageous since an operator may only It is difficult to determine whether the desired switching status has been reached or whether the switching status reached is still present.

To form the electric toggle or rocker switch as a button preferably a resilient element is provided, by means of which the rocker arm or the rocker from an actuation position to a rest position and thus the Switching device from the specified switching state to the complementary Switching state is traceable. This spring element can for example in or on the switching device or on a bearing be provided for the actuator.

In the electric toggle or rocker switch according to the invention can basically any switching devices can be used. It is however preferred that the electrical switching device at least two can be brought into contact with one another by movement of the actuating element Includes contact elements, each with a corresponding one Connection of the switching device is connected. Such Switching device is very simple and allows that too Switching larger currents. The actuator is then for transmission a movement on the switching device and in particular a Element for moving one of the contact elements of the switching device educated.

The production of mechanical contacts should be avoided it is preferred that the switching device include a sensor for a physical Has size by a tilting or rocking movement of the actuating element is changeable. The switching device can then additionally to the actual sensor element of the sensor another one with the Switching device connections of the switching device connected, if necessary have integrated circuit in the sensor, which is dependent from one through a value or course of physical quantity certain state of the sensor element towards the switching device connections electrically connects or disconnects.

The physical quantity can in particular be an electrical one and / or act magnetic field, so that the sensor for example can be a capacitive sensor or a magnetic sensor. It is however, it is particularly preferred that the switching device has a pressure sensor has, on the pressure-sensitive element by means of the actuating element Pressure can be exerted. Such a sensor is not used the magnetic caused by current changes in the electric motor and / or electrical fields is strongly influenced and is therefore less prone to failure. In addition, the use of a Pressure sensor when designing the electrical tilting device according to the invention or rocker switch a particularly simple structure of the switch. In particular, between the rocker arm or the rocker and the Pressure sensor a resilient element to be arranged on the one hand Power transmission from the actuating element to the pressure sensor cause and on the other hand a reset of the actuator in ensure a rest position, if one for actuation on the actuating element exercised force is no longer exercised.

The actuating element and the runner can be integrated his. For example, the runner can be injection molded Plastic-made actuator can be injected so that the Storage takes place via corresponding sections of the actuating element. This is preferred if the smallest possible design is desired. The actuating element on two lateral sides is then particularly preferred Bearings rotatably supported, with a shaft for fastening the rotor can be omitted. However, for simple production, it is particularly preferred that the actuator on a rotor axis of the electric motor is stored. In particular, an already installed electric motor can do this are used, on the rotor or output shaft, the actuating element is attached. The actuating element is then by means of the electric motor held on a mounting of the switch. The usage an already fully assembled electric motor still allows a special one simple manufacturing.

Basically, the electric motor can be constructed in any way. In particular, the rotor can comprise a coil winding, the currents either via sliding contacts or, made possible by the only small Swivel angle, contact wires can be fed. The stand can then likewise at least one coil winding and / or a soft magnetic one Component and / or have a permanent magnet. The power supplies however, they may be susceptible to environmental influences such as moisture or oil films or can subject to considerable material fatigue when operated frequently. It is therefore particularly preferred that the runner be at least one soft or ferromagnetic element and / or at least one permanent magnet has, on or by a magnetic field, which by Current flow can be generated by a stator winding of the electric motor, a force is exercisable. The rotor then does not include a coil winding. In this way, a power supply is only necessary to elements that relative to a fastener of the tilting or Rocker switches are motionless, which means reliability and durability of the toggle or rocker switch according to the invention increased. That soft or The ferromagnetic element and / or the permanent magnet can be attached to a rotor axis. However, he can also directly on the Actuator can be held, which makes a particularly flat structure of the electric rocker switch or rocker switch according to the invention becomes. In this case, in particular, the electric motor can be of the type Stepper motor be formed and have at least two coils

Furthermore, it is preferred that the actuating element has a rocker is formed two lever arms, and that for each of the lever arms in each case a switching device which can be actuated by rocking the actuating element is provided. In this way, only one according to the invention electric toggle or rocker switch two different switching operations feasible. In particular, with such a switch two can exclusionary functions can be exercised as a simultaneous achievement corresponding switching states due to the design of the switch not possible. The switching devices can each be the same or also be designed differently, the switching devices in particular in accordance with the embodiments described above the invention can be chosen. In addition, there is only one only electric motor necessary for the tactile feedback.

The control of the electric motor can be done in different ways Way by corresponding voltage or current signals for the electric motor or coil windings of the electric motor. The control of the electric motor is preferably such that one on the actuating element torque exerted by the electric motor as such or as movement of the actuator or part thereof for an electrical switch actuating the invention Operator is perceptible without continued actuation is made much more difficult. Furthermore, the type of control from Depending on the intended use of the electrical switch according to the invention.

In one embodiment of the electrical tilting or rocker switch, it is preferred that a feedback circuit with a control input electrically connected to the switching device and one electrically connected to a coil winding of the electric motor Feedback circuit output is provided with which depending from an instantaneous switching state of the switching device or a last change in the switching state of the switching device Voltage or current signals can be output to the electric motor. The feedback circuit is expediently designed to receive signals to deliver to the electric motor, by means of which the electric motor in the the previous paragraph is controllable. The voltage or current signals preferably do not depend on further, previous switching state changes. The control of the electric motor can therefore be independent of the function of a device operated by actuating the toggle or rocker switch respectively. Such an electrical switch can be easily connected to any Locations, for example in a motor vehicle, without additional wiring be used.

It is further preferred that a feedback circuit with a the switching device electrically connected control input and one electrically connected to a coil winding of the electric motor Feedback circuit output is provided as a control or regulating device is designed for a device to be controlled and by means of which the device depending on an instantaneous Switching state of the switching device and / or previous switching states and / or switching state changes can be controlled and thereby Corresponding voltage or current signals can be output to the electric motor are. The feedback circuit is expediently designed to To emit signals to the electric motor by means of which the electric motor controllable in the manner mentioned in the penultimate paragraph is. In the simplest case, this can be an input device act for a device, for example an air conditioning system, at which the switching device and the actuator for entering Serve control signals. In this way, with the invention electric toggle or rocker switch using the control of a device simple tactile feedback possible.

It is particularly preferred that the feedback circuit at least is partially designed as a digital circuit, the circuit states by actuating the actuating element at least partially are controllable, with a switching state change of the switching device due to an actuation of the actuating element, a voltage or current signal can be output to the electric motor. Especially the digital circuit preferably has a microcontroller or processor on that a simple change in the properties of the digital Switching by changing the programming of the microcontroller or processor allowed. The actuating element and the switching device can easily control complex devices be used. In particular, it is in a preferred embodiment the invention possible that by operating the electrical A list entry from a list of values for a control parameter and / or from a hierarchy of function options or -Alternatively an option or an alternative can be selected. So that is in particular a movement in a menu of a program is possible, where reaching a menu item by tactile feedback to the operator via the toggle or rocker switch according to the invention is possible.

With such a control, they can be immediately available available selection alternatives also of physical quantities or Signals depend on the feedback circuit via a corresponding Input can be fed and affect their function. It is then particularly preferred that the voltage or the current for the Electric motor additionally depending on external control signals will be changed. In particular, the type of change of the Voltage or current and thus the type of on the actuator exerted forces or torques from the external control signal depend.

It is with the electric toggle or rocker switch according to the invention preferred that the feedback circuit at least one other Has control input, and that the voltage or current signals too depending on current or past signals can be output from the feedback circuit at the further control input are.

The voltage or current signals can in principle be any have a suitable shape. The form and duration of the voltage or Current signals that are supplied to the electric motor can preferably be however, on the one hand, judge whether the ones caused by them Forces or torques on the actuator directly or simply as a movement of the actuating element for an operator, but are certainly noticeable. On the other hand, according to Art direct the use of the electrical switch according to the invention.

For a particularly simple embodiment of the switch, it is preferred that a constant voltage over time during operation or current signal can be emitted. The operator then takes a constant one Resistance true.

In another embodiment of the invention, when actuated an oscillating current is supplied to the electric motor. It is for that preferred that the feedback circuit generate an oscillator an oscillating voltage or current signal for the electric motor having. The frequency of the vibration can be so high that an operator still perceive a vibration of the actuating element can. Such feedback is good from others at Differentiation between actuation occurring mechanical resistances.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that with a single actuation at least one pulse-like change in current supplied to the electric motor is effected. In the invention electrical toggle or rocker switch, it is preferred that the feedback circuit for delivering pulsed voltage or Current signals to the electric motor is formed. A tension or Current pulse can in particular be chosen so that the so caused Torques on the actuator for an operator as a Impact against the actuating element are perceptible. Under pulses are also modulated with a predetermined oscillation frequency Pulse understood. Such feedback is good from others, at to differentiate between the mechanical resistances occurring during actuation.

For this purpose, it is particularly preferred that a timer is provided by means of its during a switching state corresponding to an actuation the switching device to deliver a predetermined time intervals Voltage or current signal to the electric motor can be triggered. On such electrical switches allow the delivery of pulse trains as feedback signals, an operator at low frequencies, for example as a repeated knock, at higher frequencies as well Can perceive vibration.

In particular when using as a control or regulating device trained feedback circuit, however, it is particularly preferred that several pulse-like during an actuation of the actuating element Changes in voltage or current are caused, the time interval decreases with increasing duration of the operation. at it is the electric toggle or rocker switch according to the invention preferred that by means of the feedback circuit as a voltage or Current signals pulses can be emitted, the time interval with increasing Time since the switching status of the Switching device decreases. An operator also receives one tactile feedback on the duration of the actuation. Especially at Use of an at least partially designed as a digital circuit Feedback circuit can be run through a list by continuous Actuation of the actuating element the time for a jump decrease the next entry with increasing actuation time, see above that immediately before, at or immediately after reaching the list entry a voltage or current signal can be emitted.

The electrical toggle or rocker switch according to the invention has two Switching devices on, it is preferred that the feedback circuit for each of the switching devices, one with the respective one Has switching device connected control input and designed is that depending on which of the switching devices is actuated voltage or current signals can be delivered to the electric motor are, so that torques corresponding, different Direction can be given. It can be done with just one as Actuator-electric motor distinguishable tactile feedback for the actuation of one of the switching devices are given. A user takes, depending on the pivoting direction of the rocker arm or the Rocker, torques on the actuator in different Directions true.

The feedback circuit is particularly preferably designed such that at an actuation of one of the switching devices for the respective switching device characteristic voltage or current signals for currents corresponding direction can be delivered to the electric motor. For example signals can differ in their temporal course. The fact that the force exerted on the actuating element or then also distinguish torque signals, an operator receives simple tactile feedback on the type of operation.

The electrical switch according to the invention is particularly suitable for Use in motor vehicles. While operating a motor vehicle it can be very advantageous if a switch is actuated provides tactile feedback, since it is the surroundings of the motor vehicle also during the operation of the motor vehicle in the driver's field of vision can stay.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines elektrischen Schalters nach einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines elektrischen Schalters nach einer dritten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, und

Fig. 3

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines elektrischen Schalters nach einer fünften bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung.

The invention will now be further explained by way of example with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

2 shows a schematic side view of an electrical switch according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2

is a schematic side view of an electrical switch according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention, and

Fig. 3

is a schematic side view of an electrical switch according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the invention.

In Fig. 1, an electrical switch according to a first preferred Embodiment of the invention on a base plate 10, a switching device 12 with switching device connections, an actuating element 14 for actuating the switching device 12 and an electric motor 16 on the support elements 18 connected to the base plate 10 is held. The electrical switch further comprises a feedback circuit 20, the control inputs with the switching device connections the switching device 12 and via feedback circuit outputs is electrically conductively connected to the electric motor 16. The electrical switch is connected to the switchgear connections with a Device 22 connected, the power supply to the electrical Switch can be switched.

The switching device 12 designed as a button comprises two each corresponding switching device connections connected, relative to each other movable contact elements shown only schematically in FIG. 1 23, one of which is resilient. The movement of the Contact elements 23 are made in a manner known per se via a pin 24. In a predetermined, first conductive switching state of the switching device 12, the contact elements 23 are in contact with one another, so that the Switching device connections are electrically connected to one another or are short-circuited. The resilient contact element is tensioned. In a second, separate, complementary to the first switching state Switching state is the springy contact element in a relaxed State and the contact elements 23 are not in contact with one another, so that the switching device connections are not connected to each other are. The contact elements 23 are therefore only against the spring force by pressure to bring the resilient contact element into contact when it is no longer required of the pressure, the switching device is displaced by the spring force of the pin 24 brought back into the separate switching state.

The electric motor 16, which is shown only very schematically in FIG. 1, comprises in a housing a stand that acts as a coil winding of the electric motor a stator winding 26 on a substantially U-shaped one Yoke 28, and one on a rotor axis 30 between legs of the yoke 28 arranged, rotatably mounted, plate-shaped a rotor or armature 32 consisting of a soft magnetic material.

The stator winding 26 is with the feedback circuit outputs Feedback circuit 20 connected so that by supplying a A magnetic field can be generated which is guided through the yoke 28.

To ensure the best possible guidance of the magnetic field in the area of the To achieve air gap between the yoke 28 and the rotor 32 has the yoke 28 at its ends radially inward projections.

The one provided for actuating the switching device 12 as a rocker arm trained actuating element 14 has an actuating arm 34, by means of which there is a rest and an actuation position and is pivotable, and two side bearing supports 36. The side Bearing supports 36 and thus the actuator 14 are with the Rotor axis 30 is firmly connected and therefore to the electric motor 16 pivoted.

The actuating element 14 is formed on the one hand so that the Switching device 12 by pivoting the actuating arm 34 from a Rest position in which the actuating arm 34 is essentially parallel to Base plate 10 is aligned and the switching device 12 is not actuated, in the direction of the base plate 10 in an operating position in which the Pin 24 is depressed, is actuated.

On the other hand, the actuating element 14 is with the rotor axis 30 connected that the rotor 32, with which it is fixed over the rotor axis 30 is connected to the poles of the yoke 28 when the Actuator 14 is in the rest position.

The feedback circuit 20 is designed such that when the Control input a predetermined current via the feedback circuit output to the electric motor 16, that is to say more precisely the stator winding 26 is delivered. A strength of the current is chosen so that on the actuating element 14 is securely perceptible by an operator Torque is exertable, but without a significantly increased To require effort to actuate the actuator 14.

When the electric toggle switch is actuated by tilting or Swiveling the actuating element 14 and thus the rotor axis 30 from the rest position to the actuation position, the switching device 12 in the conductive switching state, so that on the one hand two connections are short-circuited in the device 22. On the other hand, the Control input of the feedback circuit 20 regardless of the function the device 22 short-circuited, whereby this a corresponding Outputs current to the electric motor 16 or the stator winding 26 therein.

Because in the tilted position of the actuating element from the rest position 14 the rotor 32 is also pivoted relative to the poles of the yoke 28, a torque is generated by the magnetic field between the poles exercised the rotor 18, against the pivoting direction of the actuating element 14 is directed to the actuation position when moving. A the operator 14 actuating operator therefore takes during an actuation of the actuating element 14 against the actuating direction directional torque is true, which is a tactile feedback represents that the switching device 12 the conductive switching state has reached.

After releasing the actuator 14, this will, among other things supported by the initial torque on the actuator 14 as well as by the movement of the pin 24 in the switching device 12 moved back to the rest position.

In a second preferred embodiment of the invention electrical switch according to the first preferred embodiment Modified using a different feedback circuit. For the same Components of the switch are therefore the same reference numerals and the explanations for the first exemplary embodiment apply accordingly.

The feedback circuit has a timer and is designed that in the event of a short circuit in the control input determined by means of the timer Periodic intervals of, for example, half a second of rectangular current pulses are delivered to the electric motor 16, the one corresponding change over time in a torque generated by the rotor effect on the actuator 14.

When the electrical switch is actuated, the switching device 12 placed in the conductive switching state, so that on the one hand two connections are electrically connected in the device 22. On the other hand the control input of the feedback circuit is independent of the Function of the device 22 shorted, causing the feedback circuit 20 outputs rectangular current pulses to the electric motor 16. This in turn generates corresponding square-wave torque pulses on the Actuator 14, which an operator as a pulsating tactile Receives feedback.

An electrical switch illustrated in FIG. 2 according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention points to a base plate 38 first and second switching devices 40 and 40 'with corresponding Switching device connections, one held on support elements 42 Electric motor 44 and one on a rotor axis 46 of the electric motor 44 attached and thus rotatably mounted actuator 48 in the form a rocker switch with two arms 50 and 50 '. Furthermore, one Feedback circuit 52 is provided, which has two separate control inputs with the switching device connections of the switching devices 40 and 40 'and via a feedback circuit output with the electric motor 44 is connected. The feedback circuit 52 is still over a signal connection 54 is connected to a device 56 which is operated by the Feedback circuit 52 can be controlled.

The switching devices 40 and 40 'are like the switching device 12 in the first embodiment.

The electric motor 44 is in contrast to the motor 16 of the first embodiment to a simple conventional DC electric motor, the direction of which changes by changing the Current direction of the current supplied to him is changeable. The electric motor 44 has a rotor 58, which is shown only schematically in FIG. 2, which is rigidly connected to the rotor axis 46 mounted in the electric motor 44 and is rotatably mounted. Connections of the electric motor 44 are with the feedback circuit outputs of the feedback circuit 52 connected.

The actuating element 48 designed as a rocker is via lateral bearing supports 59 firmly connected to the rotor axis 46 and thus the rotor 58 and rotatably mounted. The arms 50 and 50 'of the actuator 48, which are on opposite sides of the bearing supports 59 extend are designed so that by depressing these arms the switching devices 40 and 40 'can be actuated. You are therefore out a rest position in which the actuating element 48 is essentially parallel is oriented to the base plate 38 in two different actuation positions movable in which one of the two switching devices 40 or 40 ' is actuated.

The feedback circuit 52 is a control circuit for the device 56 trained. The device 56 to be controlled can be, for example are an air conditioner in a motor vehicle, wherein the feedback circuit 52 is used to enter target temperatures.

The feedback circuit 52 has the control circuit for the device 56 a digital circuit not explicitly shown in the figures with a programmable microcontrollers on the control inputs of the Feedback circuit 52 connected to the switching devices 40 and 40 ' is. The digital circuit is designed so that by actuating the switching devices 40 or 40 'from a list of predetermined target temperatures a certain temperature can be selected. As long as one of the Both control inputs are shorted out from the list of possible ones Target temperatures based on a current list element the neighboring list element corresponding to a lower or higher one Temperature selected. If the short circuit of the the corresponding tax input, the list entries are increasing run faster.

The digital circuit is also designed so that each time it is reached of a new list entry, the feedback circuit 52 to the Electric motor 44 outputs a current signal. The direction of the stream depends depends on which of the two switching devices 40 and 40 'is actuated has been.

To distinguish whether arm 50 or arm 50 'is depressed was, are the current signals that indicate an actuation of the switching device 40 are output to the electric motor 44, as double pulses trained, while the on actuation of the switching device 40 ' emitted current signals are each formed as a single pulse. at a fourth, simplified embodiment of the invention Switch, the feedback circuit 52 is designed such that the current signals are of identical design except when the arm 50 or the arm 50 'is depressed so that on the actuator 48 torques different according to the current direction Direction can be exercised.

The electrical switch according to the third preferred embodiment The invention works as follows.

If none of the switching devices 40 or 40 'by means of the actuating element 48 is actuated, the signal connection 54 becomes a straight line signal corresponding to the selected list entry to the device 56, i.e. the air conditioner.

When one of the switching devices 40 or 40 'is actuated, they are Switching device connections short-circuited, so that the feedback circuit 52 scrolls down or up the list as long as the respective switching device 40 or 40 'is actuated. This will make appropriate Current signals are output to the electric motor 44. The current direction the current signals are selected so that the motor over the Runner 58 and the rotor axis 46 on the fixed to the rotor 58 Actuator 48 a torque against the direction of actuation exercises so that an operator each time a new list entry by perceiving a torque actuator 48 receives tactile feedback. When you let go of the actuating element 48 becomes a corresponding one to the current list entry Signal sent to device 60.

In Fig. 3, an electrical switch is preferred according to a fifth Embodiment of the invention shown, which is after the switch distinguishes the third preferred embodiment of the invention in that that the switching devices 40 and 40 'by switching devices 60 and 60 'are replaced. For components of the electrical switch according to the fifth preferred embodiment, which is essentially same as the corresponding components of the electrical switch are formed according to the third preferred embodiment The same reference numerals are used below. The also apply same explanations for these.

The switching devices 60 and 60 'have the same pressure sensors 62 and 62 ', whose pressure-sensitive, aligned parallel to the base plate 38 Areas of sensor elements of the pressure sensors via coil springs 64 and 64 'with the actuator 48, that is corresponding arms 50 and 50 ', respectively.

Furthermore, the switching devices 60 and 60 'each have one in the Figures not explicitly shown detection and evaluation circuit, those connected to connections of pressure sensors 62 and 62 ', respectively Signal inputs and connections acting as switching device connections exhibit.

The detection and evaluation circuits are for the detection of pressures by means of the pressure sensors 62 and 62 'and to the corresponding one Circuit of the switching device connections formed. In particular close when a given threshold is exceeded the pressure exerted on the corresponding pressure sensor Switching device connections short, so that the switching devices 60 and 60 'act analogously to the switching devices 40 and 40'.

When one of the arms 50 or 50 'of the rocker is depressed Actuator 48 can now via the coil springs 64 or 64 'a pressure on the corresponding pressure sensor 62 or 62' Switching devices 60 and 60 'are issued, which then have a corresponding Short circuit the control input of the feedback circuit 52, see above that the same function as in the fourth embodiment results.

When the actuating element 48 is released, it is driven back by the Force of the compressed coil spring back to the rest position moved back.

An electrical switch according to a sixth preferred embodiment the invention is like the switch according to the fifth embodiment constructed, using an electric motor that one Has rotor with a permanent magnet whose magnetization is oriented orthogonally to the rotor axis and which is in the rest position of the Actuator with one pole between two poles of a stand of the electric motor, which has a stator winding, is arranged. By reversing the current direction through the stator winding are like this Torques of different directions can be generated.

Further embodiments of electrical switches according to the invention are through appropriate combinations of actuators, switching devices, Electric motors and feedback circuits possible.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

baseplate

12

switching device

14

actuator

16

electric motor

18

support elements

20

Feedback circuit

22

contraption

23

contact elements

24

pen

26

stator winding

28

yoke

30

rotor axis

32

runner

34

actuating arm

36

bearing supports

38

baseplate

40, 40 '

switching devices

42

support elements

44

electric motor

46

rotor axis

48

actuator

50, 50 '

poor

52

Feedback circuit

54

signal connection

56

contraption

58

runner

59

bearing supports

60, 60 '

switching devices

62, 62 '

pressure sensors

64, 64 '

coil springs

Claims (20)

Electric toggle or rocker switch with
an actuating element designed as a rocker arm (14) or rocker (48),
a switching device (12; 40, 40 '; 60, 60') which can be actuated by means of the actuating element (14; 48) and
an electric motor (16; 44) which has a rotatably mounted rotor (32; 58),
wherein the actuating element (14; 48) is connected to the rotor (32; 58) and is thus rotatably or pivotably mounted together with the rotor. Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to claim 1,
characterized in that the electrical toggle or rocker switch is designed as a button. Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the switching device (12; 40, 40 ') comprises at least two contact elements (23) which can be brought into contact with one another by movement of the actuating element (14; 48), one of which in each case has a corresponding connection of the switching device (12; 40, 40 ') is connected. Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the switching device (60, 60 ') has a sensor (62, 62') for a physical variable which can be changed by a tilting or rocking movement of the actuating element (48). Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to claim 4,
characterized in that the switching device (60, 60 ') has a pressure sensor (62, 62'), on the pressure-sensitive element of which pressure can be exerted by means of the actuating element (48). Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the rotor (32) has at least one soft or ferromagnetic element (32) and / or at least one permanent magnet, onto which or by a magnetic field generated by current flow through a stator winding (26) of the electric motor (44) is generated, a force can be exerted. Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the actuating element (14; 48) is mounted on a rotor axis (30; 46) of the electric motor (16; 44). Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the actuating element is designed as a rocker (48) with two lever arms (50, 50 '), and
that a switching device (40, 40 '; 60, 60') which can be actuated by rocking the actuating element (14; 48) is provided for each of the lever arms (50, 50 '). Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to one of the preceding claims,
marked by
a feedback circuit (20) with a control input electrically connected to the switching device (12; 40, 40 '; 60, 60') and a feedback circuit output electrically connected to a coil winding of the electric motor (16; 44), with which, depending on an instantaneous switching state the switching device (12; 40, 40 '; 60, 60') or a last change in the switching state of the switching device (12; 40, 40 '; 60, 60') voltage or current signals to the electric motor (16; 44) are. Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to one of claims 1 to 8,
marked by
a feedback circuit (52) with a control input electrically connected to the switching device (12; 40, 40 '; 60, 60') and a feedback circuit output electrically connected to a coil winding of the electric motor (16; 44), which serves as a control or regulating device for a The device to be controlled is designed and by means of which the device can be controlled as a function of an instantaneous switching state of the switching device (12; 40, 40 '; 60, 60') and / or previous switching states and / or change in switching state, and corresponding voltage or current signals are deliverable to the electric motor (16; 44). Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to claim 9 or 10,
characterized in that the feedback circuit (52) is at least partially designed as a digital circuit, the circuit states of which can be at least partially controlled by actuating the actuating element (14; 48), a voltage change when the switching state changes due to actuation of the actuating element (14; 48) or current signal to the electric motor (16; 44) can be output. Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to one of claims 10 or 11,
characterized in that the feedback circuit (52) has at least one further control input, and
that the voltage or current signals can also be output by the feedback circuit (52) as a function of current or past signals at the further control input. Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to one of claims 9 to 12,
characterized in that the feedback circuit has an oscillator for generating an oscillating voltage or current signal. Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to one of claims 9 to 13,
characterized in that the feedback circuit (52) is designed to emit pulse-like voltage or current signals to the electric motor (16; 44). Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to one of claims 9 to 14,
characterized in that pulses can be emitted by means of the feedback circuit (52) as voltage or current signals, the time interval of which decreases with increasing time since the last change in the switching state of the switching device (12; 40, 40 '; 60, 60'). Electrical toggle or rocker switch according to claim 7 and one of claims 9 to 15,
characterized in that the feedback circuit (20; 52) for each of the switching devices (40, 40 '; 60, 60') has a control input connected to the respective switching device (40, 40 '; 60, 60') and is designed in this way that depending on which of the switching devices (40, 40 '; 60, 60') is actuated, voltage or current signals can be output to the electric motor (16; 44), so that torques corresponding to the rotor (32; 58) , can be delivered in different directions. Method for reporting a switching state of a switching device (12; 40, 40 '; 60, 60') which can be actuated by means of an actuating element (14; 48) which is designed as a rocker arm (14) or rocker (48) and which has a rotatably mounted rotor (32; 58) of an electric motor (16; 44) is connected when the actuating element (14; 48) is actuated, in which during actuation of the actuating element (14; 48) the switching device (12; 40, 40 '; 60, 60 ') is placed in a predetermined switching state, and
a torque is exerted on the actuating element (14; 48) by means of the rotor (32; 58) of the electric motor (16; 44) connected to the actuating element (14; 48) by supplying a current to the electric motor (16; 44). The method of claim 17
characterized in that the voltage or the current for the electric motor (16; 44) is additionally changed as a function of external control signals. Method according to claim 17 or 18,
characterized in that with a single actuation at least one pulse-like change in the current supplied to the electric motor (16; 44) is effected. Method according to one of claims 17 to 19,
characterized in that several pulse-like changes in voltage or current are effected during a touch or deflection, the time interval of which decreases with increasing duration of the actuation.

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