EP1012873A1 - Long life halogen cycle incandescent lamp and glass envelope composition - Google Patents

Long life halogen cycle incandescent lamp and glass envelope composition

Info

Publication number
EP1012873A1
EP1012873A1 EP98944815A EP98944815A EP1012873A1 EP 1012873 A1 EP1012873 A1 EP 1012873A1 EP 98944815 A EP98944815 A EP 98944815A EP 98944815 A EP98944815 A EP 98944815A EP 1012873 A1 EP1012873 A1 EP 1012873A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glass
lamp
envelope
cao
mgo
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98944815A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1012873A4 (en
Inventor
Richard C. Marlor
Karin Naumann
Franz Ott
Ottmar Becker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schott AG
Original Assignee
Schott Glaswerke AG
Osram Sylvania Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1997147355 external-priority patent/DE19747355C1/en
Application filed by Schott Glaswerke AG, Osram Sylvania Inc filed Critical Schott Glaswerke AG
Priority to EP10005570A priority Critical patent/EP2236470B1/en
Priority to EP11005451A priority patent/EP2374765A1/en
Publication of EP1012873A1 publication Critical patent/EP1012873A1/en
Publication of EP1012873A4 publication Critical patent/EP1012873A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
    • C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
    • C03C3/093—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium containing zinc or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
    • C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
    • C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/11—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/302—Vessels; Containers characterised by the material of the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/28—Envelopes; Vessels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/50—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified pressure thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps

Definitions

  • This invention relates to lamps and more particularly to incandescent halogen lamps. Still more particularly, it relates to a glass for the envelope of halogen lamps.
  • tungsten-halogen lamps contain a non-reactive gas filling such as neon, nitrogen, argon, krypton or xenon or a combination thereof, together with a halogen, usually bromine, which combines with the evaporated tungsten escaping from the incandescent filament.
  • a non-reactive gas filling such as neon, nitrogen, argon, krypton or xenon or a combination thereof
  • a halogen usually bromine
  • Such hard glasses such as the aluminosilicates, have been employed with tungsten halogen lamps with varying degrees of success.
  • Such glasses include Corning Incorporated nos. 1720, 1724 and 1725; glass nos. 8252 and 8253 available from Schott; no. 180 available from General Electric.
  • the 1720, 1724 and 8252 glasses have been used successfully with low voltage applications (i.e., 12v), such as automobile headlamps which operate with wall temperatures below 500°C; however, for line voltage applications, i.e., voltages greater than 85v, with wall temperatures much greater than 500°C, these glasses prove unusable due to an inability to maintain good seals. This condition has been attributed to a structural compaction of the glass during operation. The compacted glass results in stresses, which can exceed the breaking strength of the glass, ultimately rupturing the lamp seal.
  • low voltage applications i.e., 12v
  • line voltage applications i.e. 85v
  • Other glasses such as 1725, 180, and 8253, which all have substantially higher glass strain points, while employable with the higher wall temperatures generated by reduced envelope size and greater voltages, i.e., voltages in excess of 85 volts, will not fail from compaction but ultimately from blackening caused by the tungsten deposition on the inner bulb wall and, subsequently, in a non-passive lamp failure, i.e., the lamp capsule explodes.
  • lamp failure should be passive, i.e., by breakage of the filament.
  • the halogen gas employed is either HBr or CH 3 Br.
  • the concentration of the bromine (or other halogen) is critical for controlling the halogen cycle with tungsten.
  • Yet another object of my invention is the provision of a glass for tungsten halogen lamps, which delivers the above results and yet remains economical to manufacture.
  • a long life, halogen cycle, incandescent lamp for operation in excess of 85 volts which comprises: a transparent glass envelope having sealed therewithin a tungsten filament; a pair of electrical lead-ins connecting the filament and extending exteriorly of the envelope for connection to a supply voltage greater than 85 v; and a fill gas within the envelope including a halogen, at a pressure of at least three atmospheres.
  • the envelope is constructed of an alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass having a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent, from >58 to about 64% SiO 2 , from about 14 to about 17.5% Al O 3 ; from 0 to about 1% B 2 O 3 , from 1 to about 7% MgO, from about 5.5 to about 14% CaO, from about 6 to about 17% BaO, from 0 to about 8% SrO, and from 0 to about 1.5% ZrO 2 .
  • Trace amounts of other compounds such as CeO 2 , or TiO 2 may be present in amounts less than 1 % by weight.
  • the envelope is constructed of an aluminosilicate glass having a reduced affinity for halogens, comprising, in weight percent: from 59 to about 61% SiO 2 , from about 15.3 to about 17.2% Al 2 O 3 ; from about 0.3 to about 0.5% B 2 O 3 from 1 to about 6.5% MgO, from about 5.9 to about 13.5% CaO, from about >6.5 to about 9.5% BaO, from 0 to about 8% SrO, from about 0.05 to about 1% Zr0 2 , from about 0 to about 0.3% CeO 2 , and from about 0 to about 0.5% TiO 2 .
  • aluminosilicate glass having a reduced affinity for halogens, comprising, in weight percent: from 59 to about 61% SiO 2 , from about 15.3 to about 17.2% Al 2 O 3 ; from about 0.3 to about 0.5% B 2 O 3 from 1 to about 6.5% MgO, from about 5.9 to about 13.5% CaO, from about >6.5 to about 9.5% BaO, from
  • the single figure is a cross-sectional view of a tungsten halogen lamp employing the invention.
  • a lamp 30 having a longitudinal axis L and comprising an outer envelope 32 and an inner envelope 34, frame assembly 36, and a base 38.
  • the outer envelope 32 has a neck portion 40.
  • the inner envelope 34 is a tungsten halogen incandescent capsule with a filament 45 therein having electrical lead-ins 42 and 44 connected thereto and extending exteriorly of the body 34 for connection to a source of supply voltage greater than 85v.
  • the capsule 34 in this instance is mounted upon a frame 36.
  • the capsule 34 is constructed of the glass of this invention and contains a gaseous fill comprised of an inert gas and a halogen.
  • the fill comprises 95 % Kr, about 5% N 2 and 0.10 % HBr and is at a pressure of 3-8 atmospheres.
  • the aluminosilicate glass of capsule 34 consists essentially of, in weight percent, from >58 to about 64% SiO 2 , from about 14 to about 17.5% Al 2 O 3 , from 0 to about 1% B 2 O 3 , from about 1 to about 7% MgO, from about 5.5 to about 14% CaO, from about 6 to about 17% BaO, from 0 to about 8% SrO, and from 0 to about 1.5% ZrO 2 .
  • the boron oxide and the zirconium oxide would be eliminated as they have no known effect on lamp operation; however, minor amounts may be necessary to aid in the melting process.
  • the quartz reaction vessel was evacuated, backfilled with a gas consisting of about 80% Kr, 19% N and 1% HBr at a pressure of 1 atmosphere, and sealed.
  • the reaction vessel was placed in an isothermal portion of an oven and heated at 610°C for 500 hours. After cooling, the reaction vessel was opened, the test glass tubing removed, stoppered at one end and filled with deionized water. The opposite end was then stoppered and the capsule tubing were heated to 100°C for one hour to dissolve the water soluble reaction products formed on the inner surfaces of the capsule cylinders.
  • the water content of each of the capsule tubes was then analyzed for bromine, calcium, magnesium, barium, strontium (one of the glass samples had a small amount of CaO replaced by SrO), and sodium. The results are shown in Table II.
  • Alkali-poor variants were used each time for the production of the example glasses, such as quartz sand, aluminum oxide, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and barium carbonate, as well as zirconium sand. If desired, cerium oxide and barium bromide can be added.
  • the well-homogenized mixtures were melted in the laboratory in a Pt/Rh crucible at 1600 - 1650°C, refined and homogenized. The glass was drawn perpendicularly in a laboratory pulling device. The glasses were free of disruptive small crystals.
  • Table III shows an example of a glass (A5) according to an aspect of the invention as well as a comparative example (VI) with their compositions (in wt.% based on the oxides) and their essential properties.
  • the reboil temperature is indicated, along with the transformation temperature (T g ).
  • the reboil temperature is the temperature at which a visually bubble-free glass sample at room temperature suddenly shows bubble formation at the interface with a metal (sample holder, Mo) when the temperature is increased. The higher this reboil temperature lies, the less the glass tends toward bubble formation when sealed to Mo.
  • the upper cooling point (UCP) is indicated in place of T g .
  • Tungsten-halogen lamps with high power were prepared from glass tubes in the usual way for a lamp test. These were subjected to a continuous operation at a bulb temperature of 700°C. The time period prior to the beginning of blackening on the inside of the glass bulb was determined. The value for A5 is also sufficiently good. In the case of VI, a bulb bulging occurred.
  • the sum of the alkaline-earth oxides (RO) not be below 21 wt.% nor above 24 wt.%. Outside of these ranges both the thermal expansion and the viscosity have been found to deviate from the desired values.
  • the weight ratio between the sum of CaO, SrO and MgO, on the one hand, and BaO on the other hand shall amount to between 1.45 and 1.75. Preferably, it amounts to between 1.65 and 1.75.
  • MgO/CaO the weight ratio of MgO to CaO is important; therefore, MgO/CaO will be always be greater than 0 and, preferably, less than about 0.8; otherwise, the crystallization stability of the glass would not be adequate for tube pulling.
  • this invention a five component alumino-silicate system (SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , BaO, CaO, MgO) with distinct advantages over the prior art, namely in its lack of bromine reaction products at the inner surface of a lamp operating under the halogen cycle, thereby permitting longer operation with better maintenance. Additionally, nonpassive failures are reduced or eliminated as the lamp burns cleanly until a normal end of life is achieved.

Abstract

A long life, halogen cycle, incandescent lamp (30) for operation in excess of 85 volts. The lamp comprises a transparent glass envelope (34) having sealed therewithin a tungsten filament (45); a pair of electrical lead-ins (42, 44) connecting the filament and extending exteriorly of the envelope for connection to a supply voltage greater than 100 V; and a fill gas within the envelope, including a halogen, at a pressure of at least three atmospheres. The envelope is constructed of a five component alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass having a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent from > 58 to about 64 % SiO2, from about 14 to about 17 % Al2O3; from 0 to about 1 % B2O3, from 1 to about 6 % MgO, from about 6 to about 12 % CaO, from about 7 to about 17 % BaO and from 0 to about 1.5 % ZrO2.

Description

TITLE
LONG LIFE HALOGEN CYCLE INCANDESCENT LAMP AND GLASS
ENVELOPE COMPOSITION
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional application No. 60/058,712, filed September 12, 1997; U. S. Serial No. 08/948,565, filed October 10, 1997; and German Application No. 19747 355.5, filed October 27, 1997.
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to lamps and more particularly to incandescent halogen lamps. Still more particularly, it relates to a glass for the envelope of halogen lamps.
BACKGROUND ART
Lamps operating by a tungsten-halogen cycle are known. In operation, tungsten- halogen lamps contain a non-reactive gas filling such as neon, nitrogen, argon, krypton or xenon or a combination thereof, together with a halogen, usually bromine, which combines with the evaporated tungsten escaping from the incandescent filament. An equilibrium concentration is attained by the gaseous species within the lamp between the temperature limits defined by the incandescent filament and the coldest spot in the lamp envelope. The cold spot temperature must be sufficiently high to prevent any tungsten halide from condensing and, providing that this condition is met, a continuous transport cycle operates which keeps the envelope free from tungsten.
Numerous hard glasses, such as the aluminosilicates, have been employed with tungsten halogen lamps with varying degrees of success. Such glasses include Corning Incorporated nos. 1720, 1724 and 1725; glass nos. 8252 and 8253 available from Schott; no. 180 available from General Electric.
The 1720, 1724 and 8252 glasses have been used successfully with low voltage applications (i.e., 12v), such as automobile headlamps which operate with wall temperatures below 500°C; however, for line voltage applications, i.e., voltages greater than 85v, with wall temperatures much greater than 500°C, these glasses prove unusable due to an inability to maintain good seals. This condition has been attributed to a structural compaction of the glass during operation. The compacted glass results in stresses, which can exceed the breaking strength of the glass, ultimately rupturing the lamp seal.
Other glasses, such as 1725, 180, and 8253, which all have substantially higher glass strain points, while employable with the higher wall temperatures generated by reduced envelope size and greater voltages, i.e., voltages in excess of 85 volts, will not fail from compaction but ultimately from blackening caused by the tungsten deposition on the inner bulb wall and, subsequently, in a non-passive lamp failure, i.e., the lamp capsule explodes. Ideally, lamp failure should be passive, i.e., by breakage of the filament. Typically, the halogen gas employed is either HBr or CH3Br. As previously noted, the concentration of the bromine (or other halogen) is critical for controlling the halogen cycle with tungsten. While the glasses enumerated above work well initially, after a given period of time there is a reaction of the alkaline earth cations with the bulb wall, thus depleting the bromine from the halogen cycle. The reaction products typically are BaBr and CaBr2, which show as a white haze on the interior of the lamp envelope surface. Halogen lamps are typically designed with this reaction as a limiting factor in lamp performance.
It has been suggested that the alkaline earth reaction with bromine could be decreased by the application of a barrier coating of silica to the interior surface of the lamp envelope (see U.S. Patent No. 5,473,226, assigned to the assignee of the instant invention); however, this solution is costly and not completely effective.
It would be an advance in the art if a glass could be developed which eliminated or substantially reduced the combination effect of the halogen with the glass material in lamps using power supplies of greater than 85 volts whereby the performance (through increased lumen maintenance) and life of the lamps could be improved; that is, extended to beyond 2500 hours without substantial deterioration in light output. DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
It is, therefore, an object of my invention to obviate the disadvantages of the prior art.
It is another object of my invention to enhance the performance of halogen cycle lamps.
Yet another object of my invention is the provision of a glass for tungsten halogen lamps, which delivers the above results and yet remains economical to manufacture.
These objects have been accomplished, in one aspect of the invention, by providing a long life, halogen cycle, incandescent lamp for operation in excess of 85 volts which comprises: a transparent glass envelope having sealed therewithin a tungsten filament; a pair of electrical lead-ins connecting the filament and extending exteriorly of the envelope for connection to a supply voltage greater than 85 v; and a fill gas within the envelope including a halogen, at a pressure of at least three atmospheres. The envelope is constructed of an alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass having a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent, from >58 to about 64% SiO2, from about 14 to about 17.5% Al O3; from 0 to about 1% B2O3, from 1 to about 7% MgO, from about 5.5 to about 14% CaO, from about 6 to about 17% BaO, from 0 to about 8% SrO, and from 0 to about 1.5% ZrO2. Trace amounts of other compounds such as CeO2, or TiO2 may be present in amounts less than 1 % by weight. In a preferred aspect of the invention the envelope is constructed of an aluminosilicate glass having a reduced affinity for halogens, comprising, in weight percent: from 59 to about 61% SiO2, from about 15.3 to about 17.2% Al2O3; from about 0.3 to about 0.5% B2O3 from 1 to about 6.5% MgO, from about 5.9 to about 13.5% CaO, from about >6.5 to about 9.5% BaO, from 0 to about 8% SrO, from about 0.05 to about 1% Zr02, from about 0 to about 0.3% CeO2, and from about 0 to about 0.5% TiO2. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The single figure is a cross-sectional view of a tungsten halogen lamp employing the invention.
BEST MODE FORCARRYING OUTTHE INVENTION
For a better understanding of the present invention, together with other and further objects, advantages and capabilities thereof, reference is made to the following disclosure and appended claims taken in conjunction with the above-described drawings.
Referring now to the drawings with greater particularity, there is shown in the figure a lamp 30 having a longitudinal axis L and comprising an outer envelope 32 and an inner envelope 34, frame assembly 36, and a base 38. The outer envelope 32 has a neck portion 40. The inner envelope 34 is a tungsten halogen incandescent capsule with a filament 45 therein having electrical lead-ins 42 and 44 connected thereto and extending exteriorly of the body 34 for connection to a source of supply voltage greater than 85v. The capsule 34 in this instance is mounted upon a frame 36.
The capsule 34 is constructed of the glass of this invention and contains a gaseous fill comprised of an inert gas and a halogen. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fill comprises 95 % Kr, about 5% N2 and 0.10 % HBr and is at a pressure of 3-8 atmospheres.
The aluminosilicate glass of capsule 34 consists essentially of, in weight percent, from >58 to about 64% SiO2, from about 14 to about 17.5% Al2O3, from 0 to about 1% B2O3, from about 1 to about 7% MgO, from about 5.5 to about 14% CaO, from about 6 to about 17% BaO, from 0 to about 8% SrO, and from 0 to about 1.5% ZrO2. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the boron oxide and the zirconium oxide would be eliminated as they have no known effect on lamp operation; however, minor amounts may be necessary to aid in the melting process. It may also be advisable to include a minor amount of zinc oxide to control liquidus, as well as minor amounts of CeO2 and/or TiO2 to control the UV absorption edge. In glasses suitable for use in tanning lamps, up to 2-wt. % Br" can be added. This will correspond to approximately up to 0.6 wt. % in the finished glass, based on the volatility of the compounds used (e.g., BaBr2).
Some of the glasses of the invention were tested for bromine depletion against the prior art glasses in the following manner. A fused quartz reaction vessel having a length of about 5 inches and a diameter of about 5 inches was loaded with capsule glass tubing formed from various compositions of glass nos. 8253, 180, 1725, 1724, 1720 and the glass of my invention. The composition of these glasses is shown in Table I.
Table I
The quartz reaction vessel was evacuated, backfilled with a gas consisting of about 80% Kr, 19% N and 1% HBr at a pressure of 1 atmosphere, and sealed. The reaction vessel was placed in an isothermal portion of an oven and heated at 610°C for 500 hours. After cooling, the reaction vessel was opened, the test glass tubing removed, stoppered at one end and filled with deionized water. The opposite end was then stoppered and the capsule tubing were heated to 100°C for one hour to dissolve the water soluble reaction products formed on the inner surfaces of the capsule cylinders. The water content of each of the capsule tubes was then analyzed for bromine, calcium, magnesium, barium, strontium (one of the glass samples had a small amount of CaO replaced by SrO), and sodium. The results are shown in Table II.
Table II
One of the glasses of this invention is shown in Table II as "8253, Partial Substitution of MgO for CaO". It will be seen that this glass, under identical test conditions, had far less bromine reaction than any of the other high temperature glasses. The lower temperature glasses, i.e., 1720 and 1724, also had low bromine contamination as was expected from their use in low voltage applications; however, as noted above, these glasses cannot be used in high voltage applications because of their low glass strain points which results in structural compaction and, ultimately, in the lamp failing nonpassively when cracks develop at the inner glass-inlead wire interface.
Other glasses of the invention were prepared as follows:
EXAMPLES
Alkali-poor variants were used each time for the production of the example glasses, such as quartz sand, aluminum oxide, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and barium carbonate, as well as zirconium sand. If desired, cerium oxide and barium bromide can be added. The well-homogenized mixtures were melted in the laboratory in a Pt/Rh crucible at 1600 - 1650°C, refined and homogenized. The glass was drawn perpendicularly in a laboratory pulling device. The glasses were free of disruptive small crystals. Table III shows an example of a glass (A5) according to an aspect of the invention as well as a comparative example (VI) with their compositions (in wt.% based on the oxides) and their essential properties.
The reboil temperature is indicated, along with the transformation temperature (Tg). The reboil temperature is the temperature at which a visually bubble-free glass sample at room temperature suddenly shows bubble formation at the interface with a metal (sample holder, Mo) when the temperature is increased. The higher this reboil temperature lies, the less the glass tends toward bubble formation when sealed to Mo. In the comparison example the upper cooling point (UCP) is indicated in place of Tg.
Tungsten-halogen lamps with high power were prepared from glass tubes in the usual way for a lamp test. These were subjected to a continuous operation at a bulb temperature of 700°C. The time period prior to the beginning of blackening on the inside of the glass bulb was determined. The value for A5 is also sufficiently good. In the case of VI, a bulb bulging occurred.
Table m
Additionally, it is preferred that the sum of the alkaline-earth oxides (RO) not be below 21 wt.% nor above 24 wt.%. Outside of these ranges both the thermal expansion and the viscosity have been found to deviate from the desired values.
Further, the weight ratio between the sum of CaO, SrO and MgO, on the one hand, and BaO on the other hand ((CaO + SrO + MgO) /BaO) shall amount to between 1.45 and 1.75. Preferably, it amounts to between 1.65 and 1.75.
Also, it is believed that the weight ratio of MgO to CaO is important; therefore, MgO/CaO will be always be greater than 0 and, preferably, less than about 0.8; otherwise, the crystallization stability of the glass would not be adequate for tube pulling.
It is believed that the advantages of this invention arise because the ionic transport is slower for the triple, mixed alkaline earth oxides (BaO, CaO, MgO) than for the
SUBSTmjTESHEET(RULE26) double alkaline earth oxides (BaO, CaO) systems employed in the prior art glasses previously used for high voltage lamps, i.e., GE 180, Corning 1725 or Schott 8253. Also important in the manufacture of the glass of this invention is the elimination or reduction to the absolute minimum of alkali contamination, that is, the presence of sodium, lithium and/or potassium should be kept below 0.05% by weight. Thus, there is provided by this invention a five component alumino-silicate system (SiO2, Al2O3, BaO, CaO, MgO) with distinct advantages over the prior art, namely in its lack of bromine reaction products at the inner surface of a lamp operating under the halogen cycle, thereby permitting longer operation with better maintenance. Additionally, nonpassive failures are reduced or eliminated as the lamp burns cleanly until a normal end of life is achieved.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the preferred embodiments of the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:
1. A long life, halogen cycle, incandescent lamp for operation in excess of 85 volts comprising: a transparent glass envelope having sealed therewithin a tungsten filament; a pair of electrical lead-ins connecting said filament and extending exteriorly of said envelope for connection to a supply voltage greater than 85 v; and a fill gas within said envelope including a halogen at a pressure of at least three atmospheres, said envelope being constructed of an alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass having a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent, from >58 to about 64% SiO2, from about 14 to about 17.5% Al2O3; from 0 to about 1% B2O3, from 1 to about 7% MgO, from about 5.5 to about 14% CaO, from about 6 to about 17% BaO and from 0 to about 1.5% ZrO2.
2. The lamp of claim 1 wherein said halogen is bromine.
3. The lamp of Claim 1 wherein said pressure is up to about 8 atmospheres.
4. The lamp of Claim 3 wherein said lamp, when operating, has a wall temperature greater than 500 C.
5. The lamp of Claim 4 wherein said envelope composition includes a minor amount of ZnO to control liquidus.
6. The lamp of Claim 5 wherein said fill gas includes an inert gas.
7. The lamp of Claim 6 wherein said halogen is bromine.
8. An aluminosilicate glass having a reduced affinity for halogens, comprising, in weight percent: from >58 to about 64% SiO2, from about 14 to about
17.5% Al2O3; from about 0 to about 1% B2O3, from 1 to about 7% MgO, from about 5.5 to about 14% CaO, from about 6 to about 17% BaO, and from 0 to about 8% SrO.
9. The glass of Claim 8 wherein said composition has up to about 1% B2O3.
10. The glass of Claim 9 wherein said composition has up to about 1.5% ZrO2.
H The glass of Claim 10 wherein a minor amount of ZnO replaces a minor amount of CaO to control the liquidus.
12. An alkaline-earth aluminosilicate glass consisting essentially of, in wt.% based on the oxides, >58 to about 64% SiO2, from about 14 to about 17.5% Al2O3; from 0 to about 1% B2O3, from 1 to about 7% MgO, from about 5.5 to about 14% CaO, from about 6 to about 17% BaO, from 0 to about 1.5% ZrO2> and from 0 to about 8% SrO.
13. The glass of Claim 12 wherein the sum of the alkaline-earth oxides is not below 21 wt.% nor above 24 wt.%.
14. The glass of Claim 12 wherein the weight ratio of (CaO + SrO + MgO) BaO is between 1.45 and 1.75.
15. The glass of Claim 14 wherein said weight ratio is between 1.65 and
1.75.
16. The glass of Claim 14 wherein said glass has an alkali oxide content of < 0.03 wt.% and a water content of < 0.02 wt.%.
17. The lamp of Claim 1 wherein said B2O3 is present in an amount of 0.2 to 0.7 wt.%.
18. The lamp of Claim 1 wherein the amount of ZrO2 is from 0.05 to 1 wt.%.
19. An aluminosilicate glass having a reduced affinity for halogens, comprising, in weight percent: from >58 to about 64% SiO2, from about 14 to about 17.5% Al2O3; from about 0 to about 1% B2O3, from 1 to about 7% MgO, from about 5.5 to about 14% CaO, from about 6 to about 17% BaO, from about 0 to about 8% SrO, from about 0 to about 1.5% Zr02, from about 0 to about 0.3% CeO2, and from about 0 to about 0.5% TiO2.
20. An aluminosilicate glass having a reduced affinity for halogens, comprising, in weight percent: from 59 to about 61% SiO2, from about 15.3 to about 17.2% Al2O3; from about 0.3 to about 0.05% B2O3, from 1 to about 6.5% MgO, from about 5.9 to about 13.5% CaO, from about >6.5 to about 9.5% BaO, from about 0 to about 8% SrO, from about 0.05 to about 1% Zr02, from about 0 to about 0.3% CeO2, and from about 0 to about 0.5% TiO2.
21. An aluminosilicate glass having a reduced affinity for halogens, comprising, in weight percent: about 60.7% SiO2, about 16.5% Al2O3; about 0.3% B2O3 about 5.7% MgO, about 7.8% CaO, about 8% BaO, about 1% Zr02, from about 0 to about 0.3% CeO2, and from about 0 to about 0.5% TiO2.
22. The lamp of Claim 1 wherein said envelope also includes from >0 to about 8% SrO.
EP98944815A 1997-09-12 1998-09-10 Long life halogen cycle incandescent lamp and glass envelope composition Withdrawn EP1012873A4 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10005570A EP2236470B1 (en) 1997-09-12 1998-09-10 Long life halogen cycle incandescent lamp and glass envelope composition
EP11005451A EP2374765A1 (en) 1997-09-12 1998-09-10 Long life halogen cycle incandescent lamp and glass envelope compoistion

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5871297P 1997-09-12 1997-09-12
US58712P 1997-09-12
US94856597A 1997-10-10 1997-10-10
US948565 1997-10-10
DE1997147355 DE19747355C1 (en) 1997-10-27 1997-10-27 Long-life halogen cycle lamp operating at above 85 volts
DE19747355 1997-10-27
PCT/US1998/018745 WO1999014794A1 (en) 1997-09-12 1998-09-10 Long life halogen cycle incandescent lamp and glass envelope composition

Publications (2)

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EP1012873A1 true EP1012873A1 (en) 2000-06-28
EP1012873A4 EP1012873A4 (en) 2009-04-08

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EP11005451A Withdrawn EP2374765A1 (en) 1997-09-12 1998-09-10 Long life halogen cycle incandescent lamp and glass envelope compoistion
EP10005570A Expired - Lifetime EP2236470B1 (en) 1997-09-12 1998-09-10 Long life halogen cycle incandescent lamp and glass envelope composition
EP98944815A Withdrawn EP1012873A4 (en) 1997-09-12 1998-09-10 Long life halogen cycle incandescent lamp and glass envelope composition

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EP11005451A Withdrawn EP2374765A1 (en) 1997-09-12 1998-09-10 Long life halogen cycle incandescent lamp and glass envelope compoistion
EP10005570A Expired - Lifetime EP2236470B1 (en) 1997-09-12 1998-09-10 Long life halogen cycle incandescent lamp and glass envelope composition

Country Status (7)

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EP (3) EP2374765A1 (en)
JP (1) JP4323091B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1316555C (en)
AU (1) AU9226598A (en)
CA (2) CA2625915C (en)
HK (1) HK1031950A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999014794A1 (en)

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DE10022769A1 (en) 2000-05-05 2001-11-08 Telux Lampenrohr Gmbh Alumino-alkaline earth silicate glass used for bulbs in tungsten halogen glow lamps has a low water content
DE10034985C1 (en) † 2000-07-19 2001-09-06 Schott Glas Production of an alkali-free aluminosilicate glass used as a substrate glass for displays comprises adding tin oxide as refining agent to the starting materials, melting the glass and hot molding the glass
US6653782B2 (en) * 2001-12-27 2003-11-25 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Fuse and safety switch for halogen incandescent lamps
DE10204149C1 (en) 2002-02-01 2003-07-10 Schott Glas Alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass for lamp bulbs contains oxides of silicon, aluminum, boron, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, zirconium, cerium, titanium, cobalt and iron
DE10204150A1 (en) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-14 Schott Glas Alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass and use
DE102004044364A1 (en) * 2004-09-10 2006-03-16 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Halogen filament lamp/bulb for medium/high voltage ranges has a bulb with a lighting unit inside and a supply of current running through a nipping seal for sealing the bulb
CN101080804B (en) * 2005-01-04 2012-03-28 肖特股份公司 Glass for luminous device having externally arranged electrodes
DE102005012487A1 (en) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-21 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH halogen bulb
TWI570086B (en) * 2010-11-08 2017-02-11 日本電氣硝子股份有限公司 Alkali free glass
TWI702196B (en) 2014-10-23 2020-08-21 日商Ａｇｃ股份有限公司 Alkali-free glass

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2625915C (en) 2009-06-23
EP2374765A1 (en) 2011-10-12
EP2236470B1 (en) 2011-11-09
CA2625915A1 (en) 1999-03-25
JP2001516952A (en) 2001-10-02
AU9226598A (en) 1999-04-05
CA2301579C (en) 2008-12-02
EP2236470A1 (en) 2010-10-06
WO1999014794A9 (en) 2005-08-18
EP1012873A4 (en) 2009-04-08
CA2301579A1 (en) 1999-03-25
CN1269910A (en) 2000-10-11
HK1031950A1 (en) 2001-06-29
WO1999014794A1 (en) 1999-03-25
CN1316555C (en) 2007-05-16
JP4323091B2 (en) 2009-09-02

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