EP0742324A1 - Wall element - Google Patents

Abstract

In a light-transmitting portion of a wall structure, e.g. window or facade cladding, consists of two rows of U-shaped glass sections (3), one row forming the inner skin (17) with its bases (7) and the other similarly forming the outer skin (20), such that the legs (8) of the U's fit one inside the other. Cavities are filled with thermal insulation (4) and a heat reflecting layer (5) is provided on one of the outwards facing surfaces of the skins and/or the thermal insulation. The U-sections may be positioned so that they abut each other and the legs of the U-sections are joined with PVC sealing strips and/or silicone sealing members. Insulation material is pref. of glass capillaries, honeycomb, parallel tubes etc.

Description

The invention relates to a wall component for translucent wall areas - such as windows - and / or facade cladding in a double-shell construction with a thermal insulation device.

Such components are known from the prior art, for example in the form of a light-scattering insulating glass, which consists of two glass panels arranged parallel to one another, between which a heat insulation device, here in the form of a capillary plate, is arranged. The capillary plate is dimensionally stable and non-fading and has small air pockets in the capillaries, so that a resting air cushion is created between the two glass plates. An insulating glass of this type collects incident daylight and scatters it without a shadow in a room arranged behind it, which thereby provides improved depth illumination. The high light permeability of the capillary plate is based on the light guide function of the oriented capillary and is therefore largely independent of the plate thickness. The key word here is transparent thermal insulation. Such insulating glass has on its side edges, that is to say running at right angles to the glass panels, an edge seal, which is used as a silicone edge composite with pressure compensation openings or as a hermetic edge composite can be trained. The hermetic edge seal consists of a spacer filled with desiccant all around, which is coated with butyl as a vapor barrier, and an outer seal made of polysulfide or UV-resistant two-component silicone.

The temperature differences in the different seasons mean that with significantly less fluctuating indoor temperature in the warm season a heat flow from outside to inside and vice versa in the cold season takes place from inside to outside. The outer wall, e.g. Masonry, as heat storage, thus delays the flow of heat described.

It is therefore an object of the invention to design a wall component of the type mentioned at the outset with good room depth illumination by daylight, in such a way that the thermal insulation is significantly better, in particular in such a way that the supply of heat to the interior of the building is reduced at a high outside temperature in the sense of a temperature-harmonizing effect.

Such a concern is met according to the invention by a wall component for translucent wall areas such as windows and / or facade cladding in a double-shell construction consisting of two rows of U-shaped glass profiles, each arranged parallel to one another, one row with its webs the inner shell and the other with their webs the outer shell form and whose inner shell profiles project with their legs towards the outer shell and vice versa, to which webs a thermal insulation device is arranged approximately parallel, at least one of the outwardly facing surfaces of the shells and / or the device having a heat reflection layer.

This wall component initially has the advantage of producing the double shell from U-shaped glass profiles, which are positioned and fixed by rails or the like arranged on the end face of the profile, in particular structured holders for receiving the profile ends, one being able to dispense with an edge frame, edge sealing or the like. An in Double-shell element produced in this way has a high stability, intermediate frames or the like can be dispensed with.

The profiles of the two shells facing each other with their legs can be positioned in such a way that the legs meet one another in a butt joint, that is to say they lie in pairs on a line, so that they can be easily connected, for example, to a thermal separating element. Profiles of a shell which are arranged next to one another thus have two parallel legs which lie next to one another and which can likewise be connected to one another in a simple manner or can be sealed against the passage of air between them.

In another embodiment, the profiles of the two shells are nested in such a way that their legs lie side by side. Here, too, the gaps between the adjoining legs can be sealed or connected to one another to prevent air passage.

Both versions can be connected to the inner shell and / or the outer shell with the aid of a sealing compound in the area of their webs.

On connection or sealing materials, preferably cushion profiles, in particular PVC sealing tapes, thermal tapes and / or sealing elements, preferably made of silicone, come into consideration.

In addition to the capillary plate mentioned at the outset, honeycomb-shaped, parallel tubes, clusters of glass spheres, also hollow, or the like can be used as the thermal insulation device. Instead of this or in particular also in addition to these light-guiding and light-scattering layers, at least one further glass wall, in particular made of U-shaped glass profiles, can be provided in the course of this thermal insulation device. Such a glass wall can be arranged outside the double shell, preferably in front of it from the outside and again preferably at a distance from it. In another version, a further glass wall, in particular made of U-shaped glass profiles, is inside the Double shell arranged, here again preferably adjacent to the outer shell and particularly preferably running at a distance from the inner shell. These glass walls generally extend parallel to the plane of the double shell or the double-shell structure.

The heat reflection layer, which is in particular in the form of a metal oxide coating and is preferably vapor-deposited, is located on at least one of the outer surfaces of the profiles of the double shell and / or the additional glass wall, in particular on those land surfaces which are directed outwards from the building. In a particularly preferred embodiment, this heat reflection layer is applied to the outwardly directed land surface of the profiles of the inner shell, more precisely the wall adjacent to the building. This heat reflection layer reflects heat rays originating from the interior of the room below the visible light area and allows the light wave area incident from outside to pass through, to a considerable extent in each case. As an example: infrared reflection 86%, light transmission approx. 85%.

The effect of the heat reflection layer is disturbed by objects placed on it, which is why, in a particularly preferred embodiment, a clear distance is provided between the heat reflection layer and the object closest to it. In the preferred embodiment of the arrangement of the heat reflection layer on the outward-facing wall of the inner shell and a heat insulation device arranged therein, the latter is correspondingly fixed at a distance from the heat reflection layer.

Insofar as these wall components are arranged in front of walls that form heat stores, they act as transparent thermal insulation, i.e. incident light radiation is largely let through and heats the wall behind the wall component as a store, heat flowing away from the building is largely reflected, so that there is a reduced thermal conductivity - smaller k-value - than without a heat reflection layer. A small distance is preferably provided between the wall component and the wall. The frame or frame elements holding the U-shaped glass profiles are preferably also highly thermally insulated. In total, you get wall building elements of self-supporting training up to a height of about 7 meters. In a preferred embodiment, the U-shaped profiles are made of clear glass, which benefits the translucency of the wall components. On the other hand, good room lighting should be as free of shadows as possible and glare-free by light scattering, ornamentation and / or parallelization of the light into the room, in particular by appropriate measures in the area of the thermal insulation device. Thermal protection far below a k value of 1 is achieved by the component according to the invention. However, this reduced heat permeability is associated with high light permeability, which is particularly desirable in the area of window surfaces.

Due to the heat reflection, it may be necessary to use strong light, e.g. in summer to provide shading that is controlled in particular by sensors for incidence of light and / or indoor heat. In the simplest way, blinds or the like can be provided which, in the case of a glass wall as or as part of the thermal insulation device, can be moved up and down in a cavity formed by the latter. In a preferred embodiment, however, at least one layer or film is provided, the light permeability of which is controlled as a function of the light intensity or heating. This can be done by applying an electric field that is to be varied accordingly, or can be done automatically by appropriate reaction of the layer or the film. In this case, in addition to increasing the thermal insulation, temperature harmonization occurs inside the building. Examples include a liquid crystal layer or the like that can be influenced by the application of an electrical voltage with regard to its reflection behavior, the electrical voltage being controlled by a sensor for light intensity and / or heating, and secondly coatings of the type automatically on incidence of light in the sense of a change in the Translucent glasses that react.

At least the U-shaped glass profiles that are closest to the clad wall lie, so mainly those of the inner shell of the wall component are preferably hardened and thus provided with a certain bias, so that they are more resistant to temperature changes. In the example, unhardened glass only tolerates temperature fluctuations up to 40 ° K, whereas in the area in front of the wall, significantly larger temperature fluctuations in the area around 100 ° K can occur.

Figur 1

eine Ansicht mehrerer die beiden Schalen bildenden Paarungen U-förmiger Glasprofile in Nebeneinanderanordnung zur Bildung eines Wandbauelementes;

Figur 2

eine Schnittansicht durch eine Paarung gemäß Figur 1 entlang der Linie II-II in Figur 1;

Figur 3

eine Schnittansicht mehrerer nebeneinander angeordneter Paarungen gemäß Figur 1 entlang der Linie III-III in Figur 1;

Figur 4

eine alternative Anordnung mehrerer nebeneinander angeordneter Paarungen in einer Schnittansicht;

Figur 5

eine Anordnung mehrerer nebeneinander angeordneter Paarungen zwischen einer Mauer und einer Glaswand;

Figur 6

ein Ausführungsbeispiel ähnlich Figur 3 mit anders bemessener Wärmedämmeinrichtung;

Figur 7

eine erste konkrete Ausführung der in Figur 5 angedeuteten dreischaligen Bauweise des Wandbauelementes;

Figur 8

eine weitere Ausführung der in Figur 5 angedeuteten Bauweise;

Figur 9

eine Ausführung wie Figur 8 mit variierten Doppelschalenaufbau;

Figuren 10 bis 12

Ausführungsbeispiele mit innerhalb der Doppelschale angeordneter zusätzlicher Glaswand.

Preferred embodiments described above can be found in the subclaims, in particular in connection with the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing, the following description of which explains the invention in more detail. Show it:

Figure 1

a view of several pairs of U-shaped glass profiles forming the two shells in side by side arrangement to form a wall component;

Figure 2

a sectional view through a pairing according to Figure 1 along the line II-II in Figure 1;

Figure 3

2 shows a sectional view of several pairings arranged side by side according to FIG. 1 along the line III-III in FIG. 1;

Figure 4

an alternative arrangement of several pairs arranged side by side in a sectional view;

Figure 5

an arrangement of several pairs arranged side by side between a wall and a glass wall;

Figure 6

an embodiment similar to Figure 3 with a different sized thermal insulation device;

Figure 7

a first concrete embodiment of those indicated in FIG. 5 three-shell construction of the wall component;

Figure 8

a further embodiment of the construction indicated in Figure 5;

Figure 9

an embodiment like Figure 8 with a varied double shell structure;

Figures 10 to 12

Exemplary embodiments with an additional glass wall arranged inside the double shell.

A facade section 1 shown in FIG. 1 consists of a plurality of pairings 2 arranged side by side, each of which — according to FIG. 2 — consists of two profiles 3 and a capillary device 4 or similar light guiding and scattering device arranged therebetween. The profiles 3 are U-shaped clear glass profiles in cross section, which let through both light and heat radiation.

Each profile 3 has a wall thickness of 7 mm, whereas the thickness of the capillary device 4 is approximately 10 cm.

As can be seen from FIG. 2 and in particular from FIGS. 3 and 4, a profile 3 has on its surface facing the capillary device 4 a metal oxide layer 5 with a reddish shimmering color, which is vapor-deposited onto the profile 3. The metal oxide layer 5 is located on the inside of the profile 3, which is part of the inner shell 19. The oxide layer 5 is thus located on the profiles of the shell adjacent to the wall, specifically on the side of the profiles which form it and which faces the incidence of light, as is shown in FIG. 2 by the arrow 6.

According to Figure 3, each profile 3 consists of a web 7 and two parallel legs 8 corresponding to the U-shape of the profile. The facade section 1 consists of several profiles 3 arranged side by side, the Leg 8 are aligned in the same direction. Furthermore, the facade section 1 has a plurality of profiles 3, the legs 8 of which are oriented in the opposite direction, the legs 8 of the opposite profiles 3 being arranged next to one another and the profiles 3 thus intermeshing. One row of the profiles 3 forms the inner shell 19 and the other row the outer shell 20 of the double-shell structure.

The legs 8 of adjacent and opposite profiles 3 are connected to one another with thermal bands 9, so that the side-by-side and opposite profiles 3 form a composite that is sealed against the passage of air.

In addition, the gaps between adjacent profiles 3 are filled with silicone inserts 10, which elastically compensate for expansions occurring due to the action of heat.

According to Figure 3, the inner surfaces of the legs 8, i.e. the surfaces of the legs that face the capillary device 4 are provided with a metal oxide layer 11.

The embodiment of a facade section 1 shown in FIG. 4 differs from the example according to FIG. 3 in that the legs 8 of the profiles 3 are butted against one another. Accordingly, two oppositely arranged profiles 3 of the inner and outer shells 19 and 20 enclose an essentially rectangular space in which the capillary device 4 is inserted.

The legs of adjacent and opposite profiles 3 are connected here with a cushion profile PVC sealing tape 12, which is also effective as a seal against air ingress. The sealing tape 12 consists of a profile strip, each having two grooves on opposite sides, into which the one leg 8 each two adjacent profiles 3 of both shells can be inserted.

Silicone inlays 10 are also provided between adjacent profiles 3, as already explained in connection with FIG. 3.

In the area of the metal oxide layer 5 there is a cavity 13 between the capillary device 4 and the web 7 of each profile 3 having the layer 5. Due to the distance between the heat reflection layer 5 and the capillary device 4 given by this cavity 13 - preferably 16 to 17 mm - the reflection of the heat rays at the reflection layer 5 takes place undisturbed and thus takes place in the desired order.

5 shows the arrangement of a double shell 1 between masonry 14 and a glass wall 15, the glass wall 15 consisting of a plurality of glass profiles 16 which are arranged next to one another and are not connected to one another by their legs. So here with respect to the direction of the incidence of light, the glass wall is arranged upstream of the double-shell structural part of the wall component. A narrow cavity 17 is provided between the masonry 14 and the double shell 19, 20 and a cavity 18 is provided between the glass wall 15 and the double shell, the latter particularly reacting to the inclusion of a shading device, be it a roller blind, a film or a coating, reacting to the incidence of light Kind of serves.

FIG. 6 shows a double-shell structure corresponding to the example according to FIG. 3, but with a heat insulation device, for example in the form of a capillary tube pack 4, glass ball pack or the like, which is less powerful in the direction perpendicular to the building wall than in FIG. 3, so that between this heat insulation device 4 and the heat reflection layer 5 is a distance and thus space is left.

Figure 7 shows a three-shell construction of the wall component 1 such that the double-shell structure of two rows 19, 20 of longitudinally parallel arranged, U-shaped glass profiles, another such series is arranged on the outside, with the legs 8 on the double-shell structure as a thermal insulation device 19, 20 pointing. There is a capillary packing within the double shell as a further part of the thermal insulation device 4 arranged of the kind described. The double-shell structure thus corresponds to that according to FIG. 6.

According to FIG. 8, the three-shell structure of the wall component 1 consists of a double shell 19, 20 roughly corresponding to FIG. 4 without the capillary packing there, a further series of U-profiles similar to that in FIG. 7 being arranged upstream of the double shell as thermal insulation device.

The example according to FIG. 9 differs from that according to FIG. 8 in that the double shell structure there as a further part of the thermal insulation device has a capillary packing layer 4 similar to the example according to FIG. 4.

In FIGS. 10 to 12, a further U-shaped glass profile is used as the thermal insulation device in each case in a shell of the double-shell structure, as a result of which these glass profiles simulate an overall glass wall. In FIG. 4, these glass profiles take over the role of the thermal insulation device entirely, while in FIGS. 11 and 12 they form the thermal insulation device together with a capillary packing layer. The special effect of this structure with glass wall 21 lying inside the double shell 11, 12 lies in a compact configuration of the structure, which, in contrast to the embodiments according to FIGS. 7 to 9, only appears as a double shell 19, 20. These exemplary embodiments are provided with a heat reflection layer 5 arranged on the inside of the web facing the light of the profiles 3 forming the inner shell 19 close to the building.

Claims (12)

Wall component for translucent wall areas such as windows and / or facade cladding in a double-shell construction consisting of two rows of U-shaped glass profiles (3) arranged parallel to each other, one row with their webs (7) the inner shell (19) and the other with their webs ( 7) form the outer shell (20) and their inner shell profiles (3) project with their legs (8) to the outer shell (20) and vice versa, to which webs (7) a heat insulation device (4; 15; 21) is arranged approximately parallel , wherein at least one of the outwardly facing surfaces of the shells (19, 20) and / or the device (4, 15; 21) has a heat reflection layer (5). Wall component according to claim 1,
characterized by
that the legs (8) of oppositely arranged profiles (3) are butted against one another (for example FIG. 4). Wall component according to claim 1,
characterized by
that the legs (8) of oppositely arranged profiles (3) are arranged next to one another under their at least partial interlocking (eg FIG. 3). Wall component according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized by
that the legs (8) of the profiles (3) by means of a cushion profile, in particular PVC sealing tapes (12), by means of thermal bands (9) and / or by means of sealing elements (10), preferably made of silicone, connected to one another or by sealing the air exchange between the bordered rooms are thermally separated. Wall component according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized by
that the thermal insulation device (4) is designed as a layer of capillaries, honeycombs, parallel tubes and / or ball clusters made of glass or the like, which is preferably arranged at a distance from the webs (7) of the profiles (3) of the inner shell (19). Wall component according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized by
that the thermal insulation device is designed as at least one further glass wall (15), in particular made of U-shaped glass profiles (3), which is located outside the double shell (19, 20), preferably seen from the outside and preferably at a distance from it (FIGS. 5 and 5) , 7, 8, 9). Wall component according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized by
that the thermal insulation device is designed as at least one further glass wall (21), in particular made of U-shaped glass profiles (3), which are located within the double shell (19, 20), preferably adjacent to the outer shell (20) and / or at a distance from the inner shell (19), is (Figures 10, 11, 12). Wall component according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized by
that the heat reflection layer (5; 11) is designed as a metal oxide coating, which is located in particular on an outwardly directed wall of at least one of the shells (19, 20) and / or the at least one further glass wall (15; 21) of the thermal insulation device, preferably arranged or adjacent to the outward-facing surface of the wall closest to the building, possibly the inner shell (19) of the double wall. Wall component according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized by
that the double-shell structure is assigned a shading device in the manner of a blind or the like, which is operated as a function of light irradiation. Wall component according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized by
that the double-shell structure is assigned a shading device in the form of a film or coating which controls its light transmittance and which can be integrated in the heat reflection layer (5) or can be provided in a coordinated manner with the latter. Wall component according to one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized by
that the glass profiles, in particular those of the inner shell (19) of the double-shell structure (19, 20), are hardened. Wall component according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized by
that the U-glass profiles of the inner shell (19), the outer shell (20) and / or the additional glass wall (15; 21) are held on the profile face side and without an intermediate frame as a thermal insulation device.

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