EP0594541A2 - Sonotrode for an ultrasound processing apparatus - Google Patents

Sonotrode for an ultrasound processing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0594541A2
EP0594541A2 EP93810735A EP93810735A EP0594541A2 EP 0594541 A2 EP0594541 A2 EP 0594541A2 EP 93810735 A EP93810735 A EP 93810735A EP 93810735 A EP93810735 A EP 93810735A EP 0594541 A2 EP0594541 A2 EP 0594541A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sonotrode
axis
input
output
tool
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Granted
Application number
EP93810735A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0594541A3 (en
EP0594541B1 (en
Inventor
Michael Bory
Hans Bauer
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Duerr Dental SE
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Erosonic AG
Duerr Dental SE
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Publication of EP0594541A2 publication Critical patent/EP0594541A2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency

Definitions

  • Ultrasonic processing devices usually consist of e.g. piezoelectric vibration exciter, a coaxial sonotrode and a coaxial tool.
  • the sonotrode is a rotationally symmetrical body and acts as a spring-mass system.
  • the vibration exciter excites them to longitudinal natural vibrations, which form around a node level.
  • the sonotrode often has a larger cross section on the input side than on the output side. As a result, it acts as an amplitude amplifier.
  • the known ultrasonic devices build relatively long in the direction of the oscillation axis, so that workpieces that are difficult to access are often difficult to machine.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a sonotrode that allows a shorter length in the direction of vibration of the tool. This object is achieved by the combination of features of the claims.
  • the vibration exciter 1 consists of a vibration exciter 1 with a piezo-quartz thickness transducer 2 and two metal cylinders 3 connected at the end, an amplifier or booster 4, a sonotrode 5 and a tool 6.
  • the vibration exciter is cylindrical and has longitudinal longitudinal harmonic vibrations its axis 10 with a node plane in its axial longitudinal center. The maximum amplitude occurs on the end faces of the vibration exciter 1.
  • the thicker end face of the coaxial amplifier 4 designed as a rotating body is connected to one end face.
  • the amplifier 4 is preferably tapered towards the other end face and also oscillates longitudinally about a node plane at its natural frequency. The vibration amplitude is increased by the taper.
  • the sonotrode 5 is designed as an annular bending oscillator with a cylindrical outer surface 15 and a coaxial, cylindrical inner surface 16.
  • the thinner end of the amplifier 4 is screwed into an inlet 17 of the sonotrode, which is designed as an internal thread.
  • the inlet 17 is coaxial to the axis 10 and radially to the cylindrical outer surface 15.
  • the outlet 18 of the sonotrode 5 is designed as a bore into which the tubular tool 6 is firmly connected (e.g. soldered).
  • the output axis 19 is also radial and intersects the input axis 10 at an angle of approximately 90 °.
  • a coaxial tube 20 is formed on the sonotrode 4 and communicates with a bore 21 passing through the vibration exciter 1 and the amplifier 4.
  • the tube 20 is connected to the axial bore 23 of the tool 6 via a hose 22.
  • abrasive can be sucked out of the end face 24 of the tool 6, which acts as a working surface, or can be supplied to this end face 24 through the bore 21, the hose 22 and the hollow tool 6.
  • the natural bending frequency of the sonotrode 5 is equal to the longitudinal natural vibration frequency of the amplifier 4 and the vibration exciter 1.
  • the sonotrode 5 oscillates around four nodes 33 to 36.
  • FIG. 2 shows the oscillation of the neutral fiber of the sonotrode 5. If the cross section of the sonotrode 5 is the same over the entire circumference, the output amplitude 31 of the sonotrode oscillation is equal to the input amplitude 30 (apart from friction losses). As can be seen, the output amplitude is maximum when the output axis 19 is perpendicular to the input axis 10, but the output amplitude is still close to the maximum value when the angle is slight, e.g. Deviates from this value by ⁇ 20 °.
  • the ring cross section of the sonotrode 5 increases from the exit 18 on both sides to the diametrically opposite point.
  • An advantageous embodiment of this variant is shown in FIG. 3:
  • the sonotrode 5 is wedge-shaped when projected in the direction of the input axis 10. As a result, the sonotrode 5 acts as an amplifier and the output amplitude 31 is greater than the input amplitude 30.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the sonotrode 5, in which the tool 6 is detachably connected to the sonotrode, e.g. screwed into a nut thread 18 'from above.
  • an abrasive supply can additionally be provided via an additional bore 40 in the amplifier 4, a further hose 41 and an annular nozzle 42 surrounding the tool 6.
  • the inventive design of the sonotrode 5 as an annular bending oscillator ensures that the tool 6 oscillates at an angle to the axis 10 of the vibration exciter 1 and amplifier 4. This allows workpieces that are difficult to access to be processed efficiently using ultrasound.
  • the tool 6 is to vibrate laterally in addition to the longitudinal vibrations, it can be angled.

Abstract

The sonotrode is annular and vibrates as a flexural vibrator at one of its natural frequencies, preferably with four nodes distributed over its circumference. As a result, the vibrations initiated along the axis (10) at the input (17) can be picked up along an output axis (19) angled away by 90@ at the output (18). Due to this design, even relatively inaccessible workpieces can be efficiently machined with ultrasonics. <IMAGE>

Description

Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsgeräte bestehen meist aus einem z.B. piezoelektrischen Schwingungserreger, einer koaxialen Sonotrode und einem ebenfalls koaxialen Werkzeug. Die Sonotrode ist ein rotationssymmetrischer Körper und wirkt als Feder-Masse-System. Durch den Schwingungserreger wird sie zu longitudinalen Eigenschwinungen angeregt, welche sich um eine Knotenebene ausbilden. Häufig hat die Sonotrode auf der Eingangsseite einen grösseren Querschnitt als auf der Ausgangsseite. Dadurch wirkt sie als Amplitudenverstärker.Ultrasonic processing devices usually consist of e.g. piezoelectric vibration exciter, a coaxial sonotrode and a coaxial tool. The sonotrode is a rotationally symmetrical body and acts as a spring-mass system. The vibration exciter excites them to longitudinal natural vibrations, which form around a node level. The sonotrode often has a larger cross section on the input side than on the output side. As a result, it acts as an amplitude amplifier.

Die bekannten Ultraschall-Geräte bauen in Richtung der Schwingachse relativ lang, so dass schwer zugängliche Werkstücke oft schwierig zu bearbeiten sind.The known ultrasonic devices build relatively long in the direction of the oscillation axis, so that workpieces that are difficult to access are often difficult to machine.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Sonotrode anzugeben, die eine kürzere Baulänge in Schwingrichtung des Werkzeuges ermöglicht. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmalskombination der Ansprüche gelöst.The present invention has for its object to provide a sonotrode that allows a shorter length in the direction of vibration of the tool. This object is achieved by the combination of features of the claims.

Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Darin zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 einen schematischen Schnitt durch eine Sonotrode mit angeschlossenem Schwingungserreger und Werkzeug,
  • Fig. 2 eine Darstellung der Schwingung der Sonotrode,
  • Fig. 3 eine Ansicht der Sonotrode, und
  • Fig. 4 eine Variante der Sonotrode.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows:
  • 1 shows a schematic section through a sonotrode with connected vibration exciter and tool,
  • 2 shows the oscillation of the sonotrode,
  • Fig. 3 is a view of the sonotrode, and
  • Fig. 4 shows a variant of the sonotrode.

Die Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsvorrichtung nach Fig. 1 besteht aus einem Schwingungserreger 1 mit einem Piezoquarz-Dickenschwinger 2 und zwei stirnseitig damit verbundenen Metallzylindern 3, einem Verstärker oder Booster 4, einer Sonotrode 5 und einem Werkzeug 6. Der Schwingungserreger ist zylindrisch und führt harmonische Longitudinalschwingungen längs seiner Achse 10 mit einer Knotenebene in seiner axialen Längsmitte aus. Die Maximalamplitude tritt an den Stirnflächen des Schwinungserregers 1 auf. An die eine Stirnfläche ist die dickere Stirnfläche des als Rotationskörper ausgebildeten, koaxialen Verstärkers 4 angeschlossen. Der Verstärker 4 ist gegen die andere Stirnfläche hin vorzugsweise verjüngt und schwingt ebenfalls auf seiner Eigenfrequenz longitudinal um eine Knotenebene. Durch die Verjüngung wird die Schwingungsamplitude verstärkt.1 consists of a vibration exciter 1 with a piezo-quartz thickness transducer 2 and two metal cylinders 3 connected at the end, an amplifier or booster 4, a sonotrode 5 and a tool 6. The vibration exciter is cylindrical and has longitudinal longitudinal harmonic vibrations its axis 10 with a node plane in its axial longitudinal center. The maximum amplitude occurs on the end faces of the vibration exciter 1. The thicker end face of the coaxial amplifier 4 designed as a rotating body is connected to one end face. The amplifier 4 is preferably tapered towards the other end face and also oscillates longitudinally about a node plane at its natural frequency. The vibration amplitude is increased by the taper.

Die Sonotrode 5 ist als ringförmiger Biegeschwinger ausgebildet mit einer zylindrischen Aussenfläche 15 und einer koaxialen, zylindrischen Innenfläche 16. Das dünnere Ende des Verstärkers 4 ist in einen als Innengewinde ausgebildeten Eingang 17 der Sonotrode eingeschraubt. Der Eingang 17 ist koaxial zur Achse 10 und radial zur zylindrischen Aussenfläche 15. Der Ausgang 18 der Sonotrode 5 ist als Bohrung ausgebildet, in welche das hier rohrförmige Werkzeug 6 fest verbunden (z.B. eingelötet) ist. Die Ausgangsachse 19 ist ebenfalls radial und schneidet die Eingangsachse 10 unter einem Winkel von etwa 90°. An der Sonotrode 4 ist ein koaxiales Röhrchen 20 angeformt, das mit einer den Schwingungserreger 1 und den Verstärker 4 durchsetzenden Bohrung 21 kommuniziert. Das Röhrchen 20 ist mit der axialen Bohrung 23 des Werkzeuges 6 über einen Schlauch 22 verbunden. Bei der Ultraschall-Bearbeitung kann durch die Bohrung 21, den Schlauch 22 und das hohle Werkzeug 6 Schleifmittel von der als Arbeitsfläche wirkenden Stirnfläche 24 des Werkzeuges 6 abgesaugt oder zu dieser Stirnfläche 24 zugeführt werden.The sonotrode 5 is designed as an annular bending oscillator with a cylindrical outer surface 15 and a coaxial, cylindrical inner surface 16. The thinner end of the amplifier 4 is screwed into an inlet 17 of the sonotrode, which is designed as an internal thread. The inlet 17 is coaxial to the axis 10 and radially to the cylindrical outer surface 15. The outlet 18 of the sonotrode 5 is designed as a bore into which the tubular tool 6 is firmly connected (e.g. soldered). The output axis 19 is also radial and intersects the input axis 10 at an angle of approximately 90 °. A coaxial tube 20 is formed on the sonotrode 4 and communicates with a bore 21 passing through the vibration exciter 1 and the amplifier 4. The tube 20 is connected to the axial bore 23 of the tool 6 via a hose 22. In the case of ultrasonic processing, abrasive can be sucked out of the end face 24 of the tool 6, which acts as a working surface, or can be supplied to this end face 24 through the bore 21, the hose 22 and the hollow tool 6.

Die Biege-Eigenfrequenz der Sonotrode 5 ist gleich der Longitudinalschwingungs-Eigenfrequenz des Verstärkers 4 und des Schwinungserregers 1. Die Sonotrode 5 schwingt dabei um vier Knotenpunkte 33 bis 36. In Fig. 2 ist die Schwingung der neutralen Faser der Sonotrode 5 dargestellt. Wenn der Querschnitt der Sonotrode 5 über den ganzen Umfang gleich ist, ist die Ausgangsamplitude 31 der Sonotrodenschwingung gleich der Eingangsamplitude 30 (abgesehen von Reibungsverlusten). Wie ersichtlich ist, ist die Ausgangsamplitude maximal, wenn die Ausgangsachse 19 rechtwinklig zur Eingangsachse 10 steht, doch ist die Ausgangsamplitude noch nahe beim Maximalwert, wenn der Winkel geringfügig, z.B. ±20° von diesem Wert abweicht.The natural bending frequency of the sonotrode 5 is equal to the longitudinal natural vibration frequency of the amplifier 4 and the vibration exciter 1. The sonotrode 5 oscillates around four nodes 33 to 36. FIG. 2 shows the oscillation of the neutral fiber of the sonotrode 5. If the cross section of the sonotrode 5 is the same over the entire circumference, the output amplitude 31 of the sonotrode oscillation is equal to the input amplitude 30 (apart from friction losses). As can be seen, the output amplitude is maximum when the output axis 19 is perpendicular to the input axis 10, but the output amplitude is still close to the maximum value when the angle is slight, e.g. Deviates from this value by ± 20 °.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es jedoch, wenn der Ring-Querschnitt der Sonotrode 5 vom Ausgang 18 her nach beiden Seiten bis zur diametral gegenüberliegenden Stelle zunimmt. Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform dieser Variante ist in Fig. 3 dargestellt: Die Sonotrode 5 ist in Richtung der Eingangsachse 10 projiziert keilförmig. Dadurch wirkt die Sonotrode 5 als Verstärker und die Ausgangsamplitude 31 ist grösser als die Eingangsamplitude 30.However, it is particularly advantageous if the ring cross section of the sonotrode 5 increases from the exit 18 on both sides to the diametrically opposite point. An advantageous embodiment of this variant is shown in FIG. 3: The sonotrode 5 is wedge-shaped when projected in the direction of the input axis 10. As a result, the sonotrode 5 acts as an amplifier and the output amplitude 31 is greater than the input amplitude 30.

In Fig. 4 ist eine Variante der Sonotrode 5 dargestellt, bei welcher das Werkzeug 6 lösbar mit der Sonotrode verbunden ist, z.B. von oben her in ein Muttergewinde 18' eingeschraubt. Wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist, kann zusätzlich eine Schleifmittel-Zufuhr über eine zusätzliche Bohrung 40 im Verstärker 4, einen weiteren Schlauch 41 und eine das Werkzeug 6 umgebende Ringdüse 42 vorgesehen sein.4 shows a variant of the sonotrode 5, in which the tool 6 is detachably connected to the sonotrode, e.g. screwed into a nut thread 18 'from above. As can be seen from FIG. 4, an abrasive supply can additionally be provided via an additional bore 40 in the amplifier 4, a further hose 41 and an annular nozzle 42 surrounding the tool 6.

Durch die erfindungsgemässe Ausbildung der Sonotrode 5 als ringförmiger Biegeschwinger wird erreicht, dass das Werkzeug 6 im Winkel zur Achse 10 des Schwingungserregers 1 und Verstärkers 4 schwingt. Dadurch können auch schwer zugängliche Werkstücke effizient mit Ultraschall bearbeitet werden.The inventive design of the sonotrode 5 as an annular bending oscillator ensures that the tool 6 oscillates at an angle to the axis 10 of the vibration exciter 1 and amplifier 4. This allows workpieces that are difficult to access to be processed efficiently using ultrasound.

Falls das Werkzeug 6 zusätzlich zu den Longitudinalschwingungen lateral schwingen soll, kann es abgewinkelt werden.If the tool 6 is to vibrate laterally in addition to the longitudinal vibrations, it can be angled.

Für die Sonotrode 5 kommen unter Umständen auch andere Biege-Eigenschwingungen mit mehr als vier Knoten in Frage. In diesen Fällen ist der Winkel, unter dem sich die Achsen 10, 19 schneiden, von 90° verschieden. Bei sechs Knoten schneiden sich die Achsen 10, 19 z.B. vorzugsweise unter 120°.For the sonotrode 5, other natural bending vibrations with more than four knots may also be considered. In these cases, the angle at which the axes 10, 19 intersect is different from 90 °. At six knots, axes 10, 19 intersect e.g. preferably below 120 °.

Claims (7)

1. Sonotrode für ein Ultraschall-Bearbeitungsgerät, mit einem Eingang (17) zum Anschliessen eines Schwingungserregers (1,4) und einem Ausgang (18) zum Anschliessen eines Werkzeuges (6), wobei die Sonotrode (5) als Biegeschwinger derart ausgebildet ist, dass der Ausgang (18) längs seiner Ausgangsachse (19) schwingt, wenn der Eingang (17) auf einer der Biege-Eigenfrequenzen der Sonotrode (5) längs seiner Eingangsachse (10) angeregt ist, und wobei sich die Eingangsachse (10) und die Ausgangsache (19) unter einem Winkel ungleich null schneiden.1. Sonotrode for an ultrasound processing device, with an input (17) for connecting a vibration exciter (1,4) and an output (18) for connecting a tool (6), the sonotrode (5) being designed as a bending oscillator, that the output (18) oscillates along its output axis (19) when the input (17) is excited at one of the natural bending frequencies of the sonotrode (5) along its input axis (10), and wherein the input axis (10) and the Cut starting point (19) at a non-zero angle. 2. Sonotrode nach Anspruch 1, wobei sie ringförmig ausgebildet ist und die Eingangsachse (10) und die Ausgangsachse (19) radial verlaufen.2. Sonotrode according to claim 1, wherein it is annular and the input axis (10) and the output axis (19) extend radially. 3. Sonotrode nach Anspruch 2, wobei der Ringquerschnitt der Sonotrode (5) vom Ausgang (18) aus in beiden Richtungen bis zu der diametral gegenüberliegenden Stelle stetig zunimmt.3. Sonotrode according to claim 2, wherein the ring cross section of the sonotrode (5) from the outlet (18) increases continuously in both directions up to the diametrically opposite point. 4. Sonotrode nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei sie eine kreiszylindrische Aussenfläche (15) und eine koaxiale, kreiszylindrische Innenfläche (16) aufweist.4. Sonotrode according to claim 2 or 3, wherein it has a circular cylindrical outer surface (15) and a coaxial, circular cylindrical inner surface (16). 5. Sonotrode nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, wobei sie in der Projektion parallel zur Eingangsachse (10) keilförmig ausgebildet ist.5. Sonotrode according to claim 3 or 4, wherein it is wedge-shaped in the projection parallel to the input axis (10). 6. Sonotrode nach einem derAnsprüche 1 bis 5, wobei sich die Eingangsachse (10) und die Ausgangsachse (19) unter 70° bis 110° schneiden.6. Sonotrode according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the input axis (10) and the output axis (19) intersect at 70 ° to 110 °. 7. Sonotrode nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei sie koaxial zum Ausgang (18) eine Ringdüse (42) für die Zufuhr von Schleifmittel aufweist.7. Sonotrode according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein it has a ring nozzle (42) coaxially to the outlet (18) for the supply of abrasive.
EP93810735A 1992-10-21 1993-10-20 Sonotrode for an ultrasound processing apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0594541B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3258/92 1992-10-21
CH03258/92A CH689445A5 (en) 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Sonotrode for ultrasonic material processing

Publications (3)

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EP0594541A2 true EP0594541A2 (en) 1994-04-27
EP0594541A3 EP0594541A3 (en) 1994-09-21
EP0594541B1 EP0594541B1 (en) 1997-01-15

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US (1) US5426341A (en)
EP (1) EP0594541B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3739418B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE147666T1 (en)
CH (1) CH689445A5 (en)
DE (1) DE59305134D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2098711T3 (en)

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WO2007101362A2 (en) 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 Woodwelding Ag Diversion of mechanical oscillations
WO2008129570A1 (en) * 2007-04-19 2008-10-30 Mectron S.P.A. Ultrasound frequency resonant dipole for medical use
WO2012123182A2 (en) 2011-03-11 2012-09-20 Nexilis Ag Sonotrode for the introduction of ultrasonic energy
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WO1995022938A3 (en) * 1994-02-27 1995-10-05 Rainer Hahn Device, process and auxiliaries for the ultrasonic preparation of human or animal hard or soft tissues and tooth or bone replacement materials, and objects obtained therefrom
WO2007101362A2 (en) 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 Woodwelding Ag Diversion of mechanical oscillations
US8876529B2 (en) 2006-03-09 2014-11-04 Woodwelding Ag Diversion of mechanical oscillations
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WO2012123182A2 (en) 2011-03-11 2012-09-20 Nexilis Ag Sonotrode for the introduction of ultrasonic energy
US9629690B2 (en) 2011-03-11 2017-04-25 Nexilis Ag Sonotrode for the introduction of ultrasonic energy
WO2013117509A2 (en) 2012-02-10 2013-08-15 Nexilis Ag C/O Bdo Ag Sonotrode for introducing ultrasonic energy
US10300453B2 (en) 2013-10-16 2019-05-28 University Of Iowa Research Foundation Thin layer sonochemistry and sonoelectrochemistry devices and methods

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ES2098711T3 (en) 1997-05-01
ATE147666T1 (en) 1997-02-15
US5426341A (en) 1995-06-20
EP0594541A3 (en) 1994-09-21
CH689445A5 (en) 1999-04-30
DE59305134D1 (en) 1997-02-27
JPH06198249A (en) 1994-07-19
EP0594541B1 (en) 1997-01-15
JP3739418B2 (en) 2006-01-25

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