EP0497702A1 - Radiating element structure for a plate antenna - Google Patents

Radiating element structure for a plate antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0497702A1
EP0497702A1 EP92400247A EP92400247A EP0497702A1 EP 0497702 A1 EP0497702 A1 EP 0497702A1 EP 92400247 A EP92400247 A EP 92400247A EP 92400247 A EP92400247 A EP 92400247A EP 0497702 A1 EP0497702 A1 EP 0497702A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
conductive
radiating
slot
ground plane
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP92400247A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0497702B1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Remondière
Jean-François David
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Alcatel Espace Industries SA
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Alcatel Espace Industries SA
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Publication of EP0497702A1 publication Critical patent/EP0497702A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0464—Annular ring patch

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiating device for a planar antenna and in particular for a network antenna.
  • the frequencies covered range from UHF and VHF waves to millimeter waves.
  • the radiating elements are individually controlled in amplitude and / or in phase, this is called an active antenna: It is indeed possible to choose the shape of the antenna radiation diagram so as, for example, to select zones very different coverage (narrow, wide or formed beam) or perform an electronic scan.
  • the radiating elements which form the antenna condition the final performance, the technical characteristics (mass, resistance to the environment, reliability), and the cost thereof by their intrinsic radio performance, their ability to be networked and their technology.
  • An antenna being made up of a few tens to a few thousand of such radiating elements, the unit cost of these is decisive in the overall cost of the antenna. This same type of reasoning also applies to other parameters such as mass.
  • the choice of technologies is important because it simplifies the conditions for adapting the antenna to its environment: For example, for space applications in geostationary orbit, it is important to be able to thermally control the antenna by simple means ( thermal blankets, paints) without using a demand for reheating power which affects the energy balance of the system. Under these conditions, temperature ranges as wide as -150 ° C; + 120 ° C can be obtained taking into account the thermo-optical characteristics of the surfaces.
  • Such an antenna is, moreover, subjected to flows of charged particles which must neither deteriorate the materials, nor cause electrostatic discharges after accumulation on insulating areas or poorly connected to ground.
  • An antenna must, moreover, retain all of its radioelectric qualities after having undergone the strong mechanical stresses due to launching.
  • the object of the invention is to solve these various problems.
  • a radiating device for a planar antenna comprising first and second ground planes, a slot, formed in the first ground plane, being supplied by electromagnetic coupling from a supply line, characterized in what it comprises an assembly of several conductive parts of small thickness assembled together, the central part of the radiating slot being a conductive part supported at its center by a support column.
  • this device comprises a body, forming a cavity, which is a machined metal part ensuring the various functions of lower ground plane for the central part of the radiating slot and for the supply line, of mechanical structure of the entire device, interface with a support structure for the entire radiating slot and support for the electrical interface between the supply line and this slot.
  • This device comprises a conductive cover attached to the body to constitute the upper ground plane allowing propagation in the line; This line being a conductive track maintained in the middle of the ground planes by dielectric spacers.
  • This device includes moreover, a coaxial cable for supplying the line, the core of which is brazed or welded on this line, and the external conductor of which is welded or brazed directly on the body.
  • this device can be executed in the form of a sub-array of four identical elementary radiating elements, produced in a single mechanical assembly; A propagation line, which feeds four annular slots, comprising a 1 by 4 divider part between the radiating elements.
  • such a radiating device has a low mass, a low cost and remarkable radioelectric performance.
  • This device can be used both in isolation and within a network antenna. It has technical and economic qualities which are particularly suitable for spatial application, although simple adjustments do not call into question possible applications in other fields.
  • the radiating element is commonly called an annular slot.
  • annular slot Such an element is described in the article entitled "a new circularly polarized planar antenna fed by electromagnetical coupling and its subarray" by M. Haneishi, Y. Hakura, S. Saito, and T. Hasegawa ("18th European microwave conference proceeding" ; 12-15 September 1988; Swiss).
  • a slot 10 is formed in a first ground plane 11. It is supplied by electromagnetic coupling from a supply line 12, of the triplate type, located at a lower level between the first ground plane. 11 and a second ground plane 13; this line 12 being held in position by a dielectric element 14.
  • the radiating device is shown in the Figures 2 and 3. It comprises a body 16 forming a cavity 24, a radiating annular slot 25 which is formed between the latter and a central disc (or "patch") 15, and a supply line 17.
  • the body 16 is a conductive piece, for example metallic, preferably machined in a single block, which performs the various functions of lower ground plane for the "patch” 15 and for the supply line 17, of mechanical structure of the assembly of the device, of interface with a supporting structure for the assembly of the radiating slot 25 and of support for the electrical interface between the supply line and this slot 25.
  • the "patch" 15 is formed by a conductive part, for example circular, supported by a support column 18.
  • a conductive cover 19 is attached to the body 16 to form the upper ground plane allowing propagation in line 17.
  • This line 17 is a conductive track, monolithic or etched, held in the middle of the ground planes 16 and 19 by dielectric spacers 20. It can be supplied for example using a coaxial line 21.
  • the core 22 of this coaxial line 21 can be welded, or brazed, on line 17, while the external conductor 23 is welded or brazed directly on the body 16.
  • a couple of coaxial connectors is thus avoided.
  • excellent contacts are made between these different elements. These elements can either be obtained from the same block of material, or welded together (laser, electron bombardment, plasma, ...) or brazed with a filler metal known for its good properties with respect to PIMP generation.
  • This radiating device as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, can be used alone or grouped into a sub-network, with the advantageous possibility of producing the distribution circuit of this sub-network on the same three-line line level.
  • the invention therefore provides a concrete, industrial, economical technological solution which presents exceptional radio performance, in particular from the point of view of losses and the generation of passive intermodulation product (PIMP). It presents in in addition to great environmental stability, simplifying the conditions of thermal control and protection against radiation (“Electro Static Discharge” phenomena).
  • PIMP passive intermodulation product
  • the various conductive parts used are made of light alloys, composite materials with a metallic matrix or any other insulating or conductive material provided that it is metallized; these parts being assembled together by welding, and / or by solder, selected for their low generation of PIMP. These parts have very thin walls; the necessary stiffness or additional resistance being provided by local reinforcements.
  • the support column 18 may optionally be made of dielectric material, and the pins 20 are made of dielectric.
  • a radiating device of the L-band subnetwork type with circular monopolarization comprises a sub-network of four elementary radiating elements identical to the previous one. This sub-network is produced in a single mechanical assembly. The propagation line supplying the annular slots then comprises a divider part (25) 1 by 4 between the radiating elements.
  • the production technology is identical in all respects to that described above.

Abstract

Radiating device for a plate antenna, comprising first and second earth planes, a slot (25), made in the first earth plane, being fed by electromagnetic coupling from a feed line (17), and an assembly of several conductive parts of small thickness; the central portion of the radiating slot (25) being a conductive part (15) supported at its centre by a support column (18). Application in particular to the field of space. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif rayonnant pour antenne plane et notamment pour antenne réseau.The invention relates to a radiating device for a planar antenna and in particular for a network antenna.

Une antenne réseau présente la particularité de posséder une ouverture réalisée par un nombre important d'éléments rayonnants ; le rayonnement de cette antenne étant la synthèse des rayonnements de chaque élément rayonnant. Le développement de telles antennes est récent et on leur trouve actuellement des applications dans des domaines aussi variés que :

  • le contrôle du trafic aérien,
  • la réception par satellite (télévision, messagerie, communication avec les mobiles),
  • les antennes spatiales : télédétection et observation de la terre (radars), relais de données, antennes de télécommunications.
A network antenna has the particularity of having an opening produced by a large number of radiating elements; the radiation of this antenna being the synthesis of the radiations of each radiating element. The development of such antennas is recent and we currently find applications in fields as varied as:
  • air traffic control,
  • satellite reception (television, messaging, communication with mobiles),
  • space antennas: remote sensing and earth observation (radars), data relays, telecommunications antennas.

Les fréquences couvertes vont des ondes UHF et VHF jusqu'aux ondes millimétriques. Lorsque les éléments rayonnants sont commandés individuellement en amplitude et/ou en phase, on parle alors d'antenne active : Il est en effet possible de choisir la forme du diagramme de rayonnement de l'antenne de manière à, par exemple, sélectionner des zones de couverture très différentes (faisceau étroit, large ou formé) ou effectuer un balayage électronique.The frequencies covered range from UHF and VHF waves to millimeter waves. When the radiating elements are individually controlled in amplitude and / or in phase, this is called an active antenna: It is indeed possible to choose the shape of the antenna radiation diagram so as, for example, to select zones very different coverage (narrow, wide or formed beam) or perform an electronic scan.

Les éléments rayonnants qui forment l'antenne conditionnent les performances finales, les caractéristiques techniques (masse, tenue à l'environnement, fiabilité), et le coût de celle-ci par leurs performances radioélectriques intrinsèques, leur capacité à être mis en réseau et leur technologie.The radiating elements which form the antenna condition the final performance, the technical characteristics (mass, resistance to the environment, reliability), and the cost thereof by their intrinsic radio performance, their ability to be networked and their technology.

Une antenne étant constituée de quelques dizaines à quelques milliers de tels éléments rayonnants, le coût unitaire de ceux-ci est déterminant dans le coût global de l'antenne. Ce même type de raisonnement s'applique aussi à d'autres paramètres tels que la masse. Le choix des technologies est important car il permet de simplifier les conditions d'adaptation de l'antenne à son environnement : Par exemple, pour des applications spatiales en orbite géostationnaire, il est important de pouvoir contrôler thermiquement l'antenne par des moyens simples (couvertures thermiques, peintures) sans avoir recours à une demande de puissance de réchauffage qui grêve le bilan énergétique du système. Dans ces conditions, des gammes de températures aussi larges que -150°C ; + 120°C peuvent être obtenues en tenant compte des caractéristiques thermo-optiques des surfaces. Une telle antenne est, de plus, soumise à des flux de particules chargées quine doivent ni détériorer les matériaux, ni provoquer de décharges électrostatiques après accumulation sur des zones isolantes ou mal reliées à la masse.An antenna being made up of a few tens to a few thousand of such radiating elements, the unit cost of these is decisive in the overall cost of the antenna. This same type of reasoning also applies to other parameters such as mass. The choice of technologies is important because it simplifies the conditions for adapting the antenna to its environment: For example, for space applications in geostationary orbit, it is important to be able to thermally control the antenna by simple means ( thermal blankets, paints) without using a demand for reheating power which affects the energy balance of the system. Under these conditions, temperature ranges as wide as -150 ° C; + 120 ° C can be obtained taking into account the thermo-optical characteristics of the surfaces. Such an antenna is, moreover, subjected to flows of charged particles which must neither deteriorate the materials, nor cause electrostatic discharges after accumulation on insulating areas or poorly connected to ground.

Une antenne doit, en outre, conserver toutes ses qualités radioélectriques après avoir subi les fortes contraintes mécaniques dues au lancement.An antenna must, moreover, retain all of its radioelectric qualities after having undergone the strong mechanical stresses due to launching.

Certaines de ces qualités, par exemple l'aptitude à ne générer que de très faibles niveaux de produits d'intermodulation passifs, sont extrêmement liées aux technologies utilisées (association des différents matériau, géométries des éléments) et à la façon dont elles supportent l'environnement opérationnel (en particulier thermique).Some of these qualities, for example the ability to generate only very low levels of passive intermodulation products, are extremely linked to the technologies used (association of the different materials, geometries of the elements) and to the way they support the operational environment (especially thermal).

L'invention a pour objet de résoudre ces différents problèmes.The object of the invention is to solve these various problems.

Elle propose à cet effet un dispositif rayonnant pour antenne plane, comprenant un premier et un second plans de masse, une fente, pratiquée dans le premier plan de masse, étant alimentée par couplage électromagnétique à partir d'une ligne d'alimentation, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un assemblage de plusieurs pièces conductrices de faible épaisseur assemblées entre elles, la partie centrale de la fente rayonnante étant une pièce conductrice supportée en son centre par une colonne de soutien.To this end, it provides a radiating device for a planar antenna, comprising first and second ground planes, a slot, formed in the first ground plane, being supplied by electromagnetic coupling from a supply line, characterized in what it comprises an assembly of several conductive parts of small thickness assembled together, the central part of the radiating slot being a conductive part supported at its center by a support column.

Dans une réalisation avantageuse, ce dispositif comporte un corps, formant une cavité, qui est une pièce métallique usinée assurant les différentes fonctions de plan de masse inférieur pour la partie centrale de la fente rayonnante et pour la ligne d'alimentation, de structure mécanique de l'ensemble du dispositif, d'interface avec une structure porteuse pour l'ensemble de la fente rayonnante et de support pour l'interface électrique entre la ligne d'alimentation et cette fente. Ce dispositif comporte un couvercle conducteur rapporté sur le corps pour constituer le plan de masse supérieur autorisant la propagation dans la ligne ; Cette ligne étant une piste conductrice maintenue au milieu des plans de masse par des entretoises diélectriques. Ce dispositif comporte de plus un câble coaxial, d'alimentation de la ligne, dont l'âme est brasée ou soudée sur cette ligne, et dont le conducteur extérieur est soudé ou brasé directement sur le corps.In an advantageous embodiment, this device comprises a body, forming a cavity, which is a machined metal part ensuring the various functions of lower ground plane for the central part of the radiating slot and for the supply line, of mechanical structure of the entire device, interface with a support structure for the entire radiating slot and support for the electrical interface between the supply line and this slot. This device comprises a conductive cover attached to the body to constitute the upper ground plane allowing propagation in the line; This line being a conductive track maintained in the middle of the ground planes by dielectric spacers. This device includes moreover, a coaxial cable for supplying the line, the core of which is brazed or welded on this line, and the external conductor of which is welded or brazed directly on the body.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, ce dispositif peut être exécuté sous la forme d'un sous-réseau de quatre éléments rayonnants élémentaires identiques, réalisé en un seul ensemble mécanique ; Une ligne de propagation, qui alimente quatre fentes annulaires, comportant une partie diviseur 1 par 4 entre les éléments rayonnants.In an exemplary embodiment, this device can be executed in the form of a sub-array of four identical elementary radiating elements, produced in a single mechanical assembly; A propagation line, which feeds four annular slots, comprising a 1 by 4 divider part between the radiating elements.

Avantageusement un tel dispositif rayonnant présente une faible masse, un faible coût et des performances radioélectriques remarquables. Ce dispositif peut aussi bien être utilisé isolément qu'au sein d'une antenne réseau. Il présente des qualités techniques et économiques particulièrement appropriées pour une application spatiale, bien que de simple aménagements ne mettent pas en cause des applications éventuelles dans d'autres domaines.Advantageously, such a radiating device has a low mass, a low cost and remarkable radioelectric performance. This device can be used both in isolation and within a network antenna. It has technical and economic qualities which are particularly suitable for spatial application, although simple adjustments do not call into question possible applications in other fields.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :

  • La figure 1 illustre un dispositif de l'art connu ;
  • les figures 2 et 3 représentent respectivement une vue en coupe et une vue de dessus du dispositif selon l'invention ;
  • les figures 4 et 5 représentent deux exemples de réalisation du dispositif de l'invention.
The characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • Figure 1 illustrates a device of the known art;
  • Figures 2 and 3 respectively show a sectional view and a top view of the device according to the invention;
  • Figures 4 and 5 show two embodiments of the device of the invention.

L'élément rayonnant, tel que représenté sur la figure 1, est communément appelé fente annulaire. Un tel élément est décrit dans l'article intitulé "a new circularly polarised planar antenna fed by electromagnetical coupling and its subarray" de M. Haneishi, Y. Hakura, S. Saito, et T. Hasegawa ("18th european microwave conference proceeding" ; 12-15 septembre 1988 ; Stockholm). Dans un tel élément rayonnant une fente 10 est pratiquée dans un premier plan de masse 11. Elle est alimentée par couplage électromagnétique à partir d'une ligne 12 d'alimentation, de type triplaque, située à un niveau inférieur entre le premier plan de masse 11 et un second plan de masse 13 ; cette ligne 12 étant maintenue en position grâce à un élément diélectrique 14.The radiating element, as shown in FIG. 1, is commonly called an annular slot. Such an element is described in the article entitled "a new circularly polarized planar antenna fed by electromagnetical coupling and its subarray" by M. Haneishi, Y. Hakura, S. Saito, and T. Hasegawa ("18th european microwave conference proceeding" ; 12-15 September 1988; Stockholm). In such a radiating element, a slot 10 is formed in a first ground plane 11. It is supplied by electromagnetic coupling from a supply line 12, of the triplate type, located at a lower level between the first ground plane. 11 and a second ground plane 13; this line 12 being held in position by a dielectric element 14.

Le dispositif rayonnant selon l'invention est représenté sur les figures 2 et 3. Il comporte un corps 16 formant une cavité 24, une fente annulaire rayonnante 25 qui est réalisée entre celui-ci et un disque central (ou "patch") 15, et une ligne 17 d'alimentation. Le corps 16 est une pièce conductrice, par exemple métallique, usinée de préférence en un seul bloc, qui assure les différentes fonctions de plan de masse inférieur pour le "patch" 15 et pour la ligne d'alimentation 17, de structure mécanique de l'ensemble du dispositif, d'interface avec une structure porteuse pour l'ensemble de la fente rayonnante 25 et de support pour l'interface électrique entre la ligne d'alimentation et cette fente 25. Le "patch" 15 est formé d'une pièce conductrice, par exemple circulaire, supportée par une colonne de soutien 18. Un couvercle conducteur 19 est rapporté sur le corps 16 pour constituer le plan de masse supérieur autorisant la propagation dans la ligne 17. Cette ligne 17 est une piste conductrice, monolithique ou gravée, maintenue au milieu des plans de masse 16 et 19 par des entretoises diélectriques 20. Elle peut être alimentée par exemple à l'aide d'une ligne coaxiale 21.The radiating device according to the invention is shown in the Figures 2 and 3. It comprises a body 16 forming a cavity 24, a radiating annular slot 25 which is formed between the latter and a central disc (or "patch") 15, and a supply line 17. The body 16 is a conductive piece, for example metallic, preferably machined in a single block, which performs the various functions of lower ground plane for the "patch" 15 and for the supply line 17, of mechanical structure of the assembly of the device, of interface with a supporting structure for the assembly of the radiating slot 25 and of support for the electrical interface between the supply line and this slot 25. The "patch" 15 is formed by a conductive part, for example circular, supported by a support column 18. A conductive cover 19 is attached to the body 16 to form the upper ground plane allowing propagation in line 17. This line 17 is a conductive track, monolithic or etched, held in the middle of the ground planes 16 and 19 by dielectric spacers 20. It can be supplied for example using a coaxial line 21.

Dans une application où une faible génération de produits d'intermodulation passifs (PIMP) est recherchée, l'âme 22 de cette ligne coaxiale 21 peut être soudée, ou brasée, sur la ligne 17, alors que le conducteur extérieur 23 est soudé ou brasé directement sur le corps 16. Un couple de connecteurs coaxiaux est ainsi évité. De plus, on réalise des contacts excellents entre ces différents éléments. Ces éléments peuvent être soit obtenus à partir du même bloc de matière, soit soudés entre eux (laser, bombardement électronique, plasma,...) soit brasés avec un métal d'apport connu pour ses bonnes propriétés vis-à-vis de la génération PIMP.In an application where a low generation of passive intermodulation products (PIMP) is sought, the core 22 of this coaxial line 21 can be welded, or brazed, on line 17, while the external conductor 23 is welded or brazed directly on the body 16. A couple of coaxial connectors is thus avoided. In addition, excellent contacts are made between these different elements. These elements can either be obtained from the same block of material, or welded together (laser, electron bombardment, plasma, ...) or brazed with a filler metal known for its good properties with respect to PIMP generation.

Ce dispositif rayonnant, tel que représenté sur les figures 2 et 3, peut être utilisé seul ou regroupé en sous-réseau, avec la possibilité avantageuse de réaliser le circuit de répartition de ce sous-réseau sur un même niveau de ligne triplaque.This radiating device, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, can be used alone or grouped into a sub-network, with the advantageous possibility of producing the distribution circuit of this sub-network on the same three-line line level.

L'invention propose donc une solution technologique concrête, industrielle, économique qui présente des performances radioélectriques exceptionnelles en particulier du point de vue des pertes et de la génération de produit d'intermodulation passifs (PIMP). Elle présente en outre une grande stabilité à l'environnement, en simplifiant les conditions de contrôle thermique et de protection contre les radiations (phénomènes "Electro Static Discharge").The invention therefore provides a concrete, industrial, economical technological solution which presents exceptional radio performance, in particular from the point of view of losses and the generation of passive intermodulation product (PIMP). It presents in in addition to great environmental stability, simplifying the conditions of thermal control and protection against radiation ("Electro Static Discharge" phenomena).

Dans le dispositif de l'invention les différentes pièces conductrices utilisées sont réalisées dans des alliages légers, des matériaux composites à matrice métallique ou tout autre matériau isolant ou conducteur pourvu qu'il soit métallisé ; ces pièces étant assemblées entre elles par soudure, et/ou par des brasures, sélectionnées pour leur faible génération de PIMP. Ces pièces ont des parois de très faible épaisseur ; la raideur ou la résistance supplémentaire nécessaire étant fournies par des renforts locaux. Par contre la colonne de soutien 18 peut éventuellement être réalisée en matériau diélectrique, et les pions 20 sont réalisés en diélectrique.In the device of the invention, the various conductive parts used are made of light alloys, composite materials with a metallic matrix or any other insulating or conductive material provided that it is metallized; these parts being assembled together by welding, and / or by solder, selected for their low generation of PIMP. These parts have very thin walls; the necessary stiffness or additional resistance being provided by local reinforcements. Against by the support column 18 may optionally be made of dielectric material, and the pins 20 are made of dielectric.

Dans un premier exemple de réalisation de l'invention, tel que représenté sur la figure 4, on considère un dispositif simple rayonnant, en bande L, et en monopolarisation circulaire. Le métal utilisé est un alliage d'aluminium. Le corps est obtenu par usinage à commande numérique, en laissant des épaisseurs de parois aussi faibles que 0,6 mm environ, et des renforts locaux pour pouvoir supporter un environnement de lancement spatial. Le "patch" 15 ainsi que le couvercle 19 sont obtenus par découpe d'une tôle en alliage d'aluminium de faible épaisseur (par exemple environ 5/10 mm). Ces éléments sont rapportés respectivement sur la colonne de soutien 18 et sur le corps 16 par soudure laser (sans métal d'apport). La piste 17 est découpée dans une tôle d'alliage de cuivre (d'épaisseur par exemple environ 3/10 mm). Elle est maintenue entre les plans de masse par des pions diélectriques 20. La piste 17 est alimentée par un câble coaxial 21 dont le conducteur extérieur est brasé (23) à l'or/étain sur le corps 16 argenté alors que l'âme est soudée par soudure laser 22 sur la piste 17 avant fermeture par le couvercle. Après une optimisation radioélectrique, il est apparu que deux étages de "patch" 15 et 15′ étaient nécessaires pour obtenir les caractéristiques radioélectriques recherchées. Ce dispositif rayonnant a été soumis à des vibrations aléatoires avec un niveau intégré entre 20 et 2000 Hz de 70 gRMS (RMS = valeur quadratique moyenne), sans dégradations. Ses caractéristiques sont les suivantes :

  • directivité : 9,7 dB
  • pertes : < 0,3 dB
  • TE : < 2 dB
  • TOS : < - 20 dB
  • bande passante : 5,5 %
  • dimensions : épaisseur = 20 mm ; largeur = 12 cm ; longueur = 18 cm
  • masse : 0,1 kg
In a first embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 4, a simple radiating device, in L-band, and in circular monopolarization is considered. The metal used is an aluminum alloy. The body is obtained by CNC machining, leaving wall thicknesses as low as about 0.6 mm, and local reinforcements to be able to withstand a space launch environment. The "patch" 15 as well as the cover 19 are obtained by cutting a sheet of aluminum alloy of small thickness (for example about 5/10 mm). These elements are attached respectively to the support column 18 and to the body 16 by laser welding (without filler metal). The track 17 is cut from a sheet of copper alloy (for example about 3/10 mm thick). It is held between the ground planes by dielectric pins 20. The track 17 is supplied by a coaxial cable 21 whose outer conductor is brazed (23) with gold / tin on the silver body 16 while the core is welded by laser welding 22 on track 17 before closing by the cover. After a radioelectric optimization, it appeared that two stages of "patch" 15 and 15 ′ were necessary to obtain the desired radioelectric characteristics. This radiating device was subjected to random vibrations with an integrated level between 20 and 2000 Hz of 70 g RMS (RMS = mean square value), without degradations. Its characteristics are as follows:
  • directivity: 9.7 dB
  • losses: <0.3 dB
  • TE: <2 dB
  • TOS: <- 20 dB
  • bandwidth: 5.5%
  • dimensions: thickness = 20 mm; width = 12 cm; length = 18 cm
  • mass: 0.1 kg

Dans un second exemple de réalisation on considère un dispositif rayonnant de type sous-réseau en bande L à monopolarisation circulaire. Ce dispositif comprend un sous-réseau de quatre éléments rayonnants élémentaires identiques au précédent. Ce sous-réseau est réalisé en un seul ensemble mécanique. La ligne de propagation alimentant les fentes annulaires comporte alors une partie diviseur (25) 1 par 4 entre les éléments rayonnants. La technologie de réalisation est en tous points identique à celle décrite précédemment.In a second exemplary embodiment, a radiating device of the L-band subnetwork type with circular monopolarization is considered. This device comprises a sub-network of four elementary radiating elements identical to the previous one. This sub-network is produced in a single mechanical assembly. The propagation line supplying the annular slots then comprises a divider part (25) 1 by 4 between the radiating elements. The production technology is identical in all respects to that described above.

Les caractéristiques mesurées sont les suivantes :

  • directivité : 15 dB
  • pertes < 0,3 dB
  • TE :< 2 dB
  • TOS : < - 20 dB
  • bande passante : 10%
  • tenue en puissance : > 100 watts
  • niveau de PIMP à l'ordre 7 et 9 sous 2 x 40 W, entre - 110°C et + 110°C : < 155 dBc (dBc : dB en dessous de la valeur crête de la puissance transmise)
  • dimensions : épaisseur = 7 mm ; largeur = 35 cm ; longueur = 35 cm
  • masse : environ 0,4 kg.
The characteristics measured are as follows:
  • directivity: 15 dB
  • losses <0.3 dB
  • TE: <2 dB
  • TOS: <- 20 dB
  • bandwidth: 10%
  • power handling:> 100 watts
  • PIMP level at order 7 and 9 at 2 x 40 W, between - 110 ° C and + 110 ° C: <155 dBc (dBc: dB below the peak value of the transmitted power)
  • dimensions: thickness = 7 mm; width = 35 cm; length = 35 cm
  • mass: about 0.4 kg.

En utilisant les caractéristiques de l'invention, il est également possible de réaliser d'autres dispositifs rayonnants, tel que :

  • . Elément simple en bande C, simple polarisation linéaire,
  • . Elément simple et sous réseau de quatre en bande Ku simple polarisation linéaire,
  • . Elément simple en bande Ku, double polarisation linéaire.
By using the characteristics of the invention, it is also possible to produce other radiating devices, such as:
  • . Simple element in C band, simple linear polarization,
  • . Single element and sub-network of four in Ku band, single linear polarization,
  • . Single element in Ku band, double linear polarization.

Il est bien entendu que la présente invention n'a été décrite et représentée qu'à titre d'exemple préférentiel et que l'on pourra remplacer ses éléments constitutifs par des éléments équivalents sans, pour autant, sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is understood that the present invention has only been described and shown as a preferred example and that its constituent elements can be replaced by equivalent elements without, however, departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1/ Dispositif rayonnant pour antenne plane, comprenant un premier et un second plans de masse, une fente (25), pratiquée dans le premier plan de masse autour d'une partie centrale étant alimentée par couplage électromagnétique à partir d'une ligne d'alimentation (17), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un assemblage de plusieurs pièces conductrices de faible épaisseur incluant un corps (16) formant une cavité (24), qui est une pièce conductrice usinée assurant les fonctions de plan de masse inférieur pour la partie centrale (15) de la fente rayonnante et pour la ligne d'alimentation (17) et de structure mécanique de l'ensemble du dispositif, la partie centrale de la fente rayonnante (25) étant une pièce conductrice (15) disposée dans ladite cavité (24) et supportée en son centre par une colonne de soutien (18), elle-même supportée par ledit corps (16). 1 / Radiating device for planar antenna, comprising first and second ground planes, a slot (25), formed in the first ground plane around a central part being supplied by electromagnetic coupling from a line of power supply (17), characterized in that it comprises an assembly of several conductive parts of small thickness including a body (16) forming a cavity (24), which is a machined conductive part ensuring the functions of lower ground plane for the central part (15) of the radiating slot and for the supply line (17) and of mechanical structure of the entire device, the central part of the radiating slot (25) being a conductive part (15) disposed in said cavity (24) and supported in its center by a support column (18), itself supported by said body (16). 2/ Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit corps (16) sert aussi d'interface avec une structure porteuse pour l'ensemble de la fente rayonnante (25) et de support pour l'interface électrique entre la ligne d'alimentation et cette fente (25). 2 / Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said body (16) also serves as an interface with a support structure for the whole of the radiating slot (25) and support for the electrical interface between the line of power supply and this slot (25). 3/ Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un couvercle conducteur (19) rapporté sur le corps (16) pour constituer le plan de masse supérieur autorisant la propagation dans la ligne
(17) ; cette ligne (17) étant une piste conductrice maintenue au milieu des plans de masse par des entretoises diélectriques (20). 3 / Device according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a conductive cover (19) attached to the body (16) to form the upper ground plane allowing propagation in the line
(17); this line (17) being a conductive track maintained in the middle of the ground planes by dielectric spacers (20). 4/ Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un câble coaxial (21), d'alimentation de la ligne (17), dont l'âme est brasée ou soudée sur cette ligne (17), et dont le conducteur extérieur (23) est soudé ou brasé directement sur le corps (16). 4 / Device according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a coaxial cable (21), for supplying the line (17), the core of which is brazed or welded on this line (17), and the outer conductor (23) is soldered or brazed directly to the body (16). 5/ Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un sous-réseau de quatre éléments rayonnants élémentaires identiques réalisé en un seul ensemble mécanique ; une ligne de propagation, qui alimente quatre fentes annulaires, comportant une partie diviseur (25) 1 par 4 entre les éléments rayonnants. 5 / Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a sub-network of four identical elementary radiating elements produced in a single mechanical assembly; a propagation line, which feeds four annular slots, comprising a divider part (25) 1 by 4 between the radiating elements. 6/ Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pièce conductrice (15) est recouverte par au moins un autre dispositif résonant (15′) destiné à en modifier les caractéristiques radioélectriques. 6 / Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conductive part (15) is covered by at least one other resonant device (15 ′) intended to modify its radioelectric characteristics. 7/ Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les pièces conductrices sont réalisées dans des alliages légers, des matériaux composites à matrice métallique ou tout autre matériau isolant ou conducteur pourvu qu'il soit métallisé. 7 / Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the conductive parts are made of light alloys, composite materials with a metal matrix or any other insulating or conductive material provided that it is metallized. 8/ Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les pièces conductrices sont assemblées entre elles par soudage (laser, faisceau d'électron,...) ou brasque ou assemblage vissé. 8 / Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the conductive parts are assembled together by welding (laser, electron beam, ...) or pot lining or screw connection.
EP92400247A 1991-02-01 1992-01-30 Radiating element structure for a plate antenna Expired - Lifetime EP0497702B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9101152A FR2672437B1 (en) 1991-02-01 1991-02-01 RADIANT DEVICE FOR FLAT ANTENNA.
FR9101152 1991-02-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0497702A1 true EP0497702A1 (en) 1992-08-05
EP0497702B1 EP0497702B1 (en) 1995-04-26

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US (1) US5465100A (en)
EP (1) EP0497702B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04320101A (en)
DE (1) DE69202160T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2072717T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2672437B1 (en)

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CN110086000A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-08-02 南京理工大学 A kind of wide bandwidth scan angle phased array antenna

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69202160D1 (en) 1995-06-01
DE69202160T2 (en) 1995-08-31
US5465100A (en) 1995-11-07
EP0497702B1 (en) 1995-04-26
FR2672437B1 (en) 1993-09-17
ES2072717T3 (en) 1995-07-16
JPH04320101A (en) 1992-11-10
FR2672437A1 (en) 1992-08-07

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