DE69127251D1 - Nichtwässrige elektrochemische Sekundärbatterie - Google Patents

Nichtwässrige elektrochemische Sekundärbatterie

Info

Publication number
DE69127251D1
DE69127251D1 DE69127251T DE69127251T DE69127251D1 DE 69127251 D1 DE69127251 D1 DE 69127251D1 DE 69127251 T DE69127251 T DE 69127251T DE 69127251 T DE69127251 T DE 69127251T DE 69127251 D1 DE69127251 D1 DE 69127251D1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
secondary battery
aqueous electrochemical
electrochemical secondary
aqueous
battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE69127251T
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
DE69127251T3 (de
DE69127251T2 (de
Inventor
Hiromi Okuno
Hizuru Koshina
Akiyoshi Morita
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=26557478&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=DE69127251(D1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from JP2289150A external-priority patent/JP2780480B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2300765A external-priority patent/JPH04171674A/ja
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Publication of DE69127251D1 publication Critical patent/DE69127251D1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE69127251T2 publication Critical patent/DE69127251T2/de
Publication of DE69127251T3 publication Critical patent/DE69127251T3/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
DE1991627251 1990-10-25 1991-04-30 Nichtwässrige elektrochemische Sekundärbatterie Expired - Lifetime DE69127251T3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP289150/90 1990-10-25
JP2289150A JP2780480B2 (ja) 1990-10-25 1990-10-25 非水電解液二次電池
JP300765/90 1990-11-05
JP2300765A JPH04171674A (ja) 1990-11-05 1990-11-05 非水電解液二次電池

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE69127251D1 true DE69127251D1 (de) 1997-09-18
DE69127251T2 DE69127251T2 (de) 1998-03-05
DE69127251T3 DE69127251T3 (de) 2005-01-13

Family

ID=26557478

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1991627251 Expired - Lifetime DE69127251T3 (de) 1990-10-25 1991-04-30 Nichtwässrige elektrochemische Sekundärbatterie

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5525443A (de)
EP (1) EP0482287B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69127251T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (63)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5686138A (en) * 1991-11-12 1997-11-11 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Lithium secondary battery
JP3059832B2 (ja) * 1992-07-27 2000-07-04 三洋電機株式会社 リチウム二次電池
US5478673A (en) * 1992-10-29 1995-12-26 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Nonaqueous secondary battery
FR2702311B1 (fr) * 1993-03-02 1995-04-14 Accumulateurs Fixes Electrolyte pour générateur rechargeable au lithium.
JP3173225B2 (ja) * 1993-05-26 2001-06-04 ソニー株式会社 非水電解液二次電池
GB9412045D0 (en) * 1994-06-16 1994-08-03 Gilmour Alexander Non-aqueous electrochemical cells having novel duplex cathode composition
DE69508671T2 (de) * 1994-07-07 1999-10-14 Mitsui Chemicals Nichtwässrige Elektrolytlösungen und diese enthaltende sekundäre Zellen
JP3425493B2 (ja) * 1994-07-28 2003-07-14 日立マクセル株式会社 非水二次電池およびその製造方法
US5755831A (en) 1995-02-22 1998-05-26 Micron Communications, Inc. Method of forming a button-type battery and a button-type battery with improved separator construction
US5712059A (en) * 1995-09-26 1998-01-27 Valence Technology, Inc. Carbonaceous electrode and compatible electrolyte solvent
JP3460407B2 (ja) * 1995-09-27 2003-10-27 ソニー株式会社 非水電解液二次電池
FR2742437B1 (fr) 1995-12-14 1998-01-09 Electricite De France Bis(phenylsulfonyl)imidures, leur procede de preparation et materiaux a conduction ionique les comprenant
US5667653A (en) * 1996-03-15 1997-09-16 Mine Safety Appliances Company Electrochemical sensor
EP0827230B1 (de) * 1996-09-03 2006-11-22 Ube Industries, Ltd. Nichtwässrige Lithium-Ion Sekundärbatterie
KR20000052944A (ko) * 1996-11-01 2000-08-25 메리 이. 보울러 고도의 전도성 이온 교환 중합체 및 제법
US5750284A (en) * 1997-01-08 1998-05-12 Motorola, Inc. Electrolyte composition for rechargeable electrochemical cells
US5922494A (en) * 1997-04-14 1999-07-13 Valence Technology, Inc. Stabilized electrolyte for electrochemical cells and batteries
US6018124A (en) * 1998-01-15 2000-01-25 Lidow; Nicholai Hart Selenium photo generator cell with fluid top electrode
USH2097H1 (en) * 1998-02-04 2004-02-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Electrolyte additive to stabilize lithium organic electrolytes for lithium ion cells
TW480756B (en) * 1998-03-18 2002-03-21 Hitachi Ltd Lithium secondary battery, its electrolyte, and electric apparatus using the same
US6045950A (en) * 1998-06-26 2000-04-04 Duracell Inc. Solvent for electrolytic solutions
JP2000090895A (ja) 1998-09-14 2000-03-31 Ngk Insulators Ltd 電気自動車用リチウム二次電池
US6245464B1 (en) 1998-09-21 2001-06-12 Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. Hermetically sealed lithium-ion secondary electrochemical cell
US6256190B1 (en) 1998-09-29 2001-07-03 General Electric Company Ultracapacitor electroyte
US6306546B1 (en) 1998-10-30 2001-10-23 Rohm And Haas Company Electrolyte cosolvents including acrylate and methacrylate oligomers
US6444370B2 (en) 1998-11-20 2002-09-03 Valence Technology, Inc. Electrolytes having improved low temperature performance
FR2787243B1 (fr) * 1998-12-10 2003-10-03 Cit Alcatel Generateur electrochimique rechargeable au lithium utilisable a basse temperature
KR100371403B1 (ko) 2000-01-10 2003-02-07 주식회사 엘지화학 새로운 전해액과 이를 이용한 리튬이온 전지
WO2001089021A1 (en) * 2000-05-19 2001-11-22 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology A composite polymer electrolyte, a lithium secondary battery comprising the composite polymer electrolyte and their fabrication methods
US7279251B1 (en) 2000-05-19 2007-10-09 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology Lithium secondary battery comprising a super fine fibrous polymer separator film and its fabrication method
WO2001089023A1 (en) * 2000-05-19 2001-11-22 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology A lithium secondary battery comprising a super fine fibrous polymer electrolyte and its fabrication method
JP4108981B2 (ja) * 2000-05-19 2008-06-25 コリア インスティテュート オブ サイエンス アンド テクノロジー ハイブリッド型高分子電解質、それを含むリチウム二次電池及びこれらの製造方法
WO2001091220A1 (en) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-29 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology A hybrid polymer electrolyte fabricated by a spray method, a lithium secondary battery comprising the hybrid polymer electrolyte and their fabrication methods
WO2001091219A1 (en) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-29 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology A lithium secondary battery comprising a porous polymer separator film fabricated by a spray method and its fabrication method
WO2001091221A1 (en) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-29 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology A composite polymer electrolyte fabricated by a spray method, a lithium secondary battery comprising the composite polymer electrolyte and their fabrication methods
WO2001091222A1 (en) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-29 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology A lithium secondary battery comprising a polymer electrolyte fabricated by a spray method and its fabrication method
JP2002260726A (ja) * 2000-12-28 2002-09-13 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd 非水電解質二次電池
US6964828B2 (en) * 2001-04-27 2005-11-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Cathode compositions for lithium-ion batteries
KR100446659B1 (ko) * 2001-05-09 2004-09-04 주식회사 엘지화학 비이온성 계면활성제를 포함하는 전해액과 이를 이용하는리튬이온 전지
JP4448275B2 (ja) * 2001-05-11 2010-04-07 三星エスディアイ株式会社 リチウム二次電池用電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池
AU2002355544A1 (en) * 2001-08-07 2003-02-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Cathode compositions for lithium ion batteries
US7442471B1 (en) 2001-11-27 2008-10-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Solvent systems comprising a mixture of lactams and esters for non-aqueous electrolytes and non-aqueous electrolyte cells comprising the same
KR100440932B1 (ko) * 2002-02-04 2004-07-21 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 리튬 이차 전지용 전해액
US20040121234A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-06-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Cathode composition for rechargeable lithium battery
WO2004066469A2 (en) * 2003-01-22 2004-08-05 Valence Technology, Inc. Electrolyte for use in phosphate based lithium ion/polymer cells
EP1498979B1 (de) * 2003-07-15 2014-12-10 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Organischer Elektrolyt für Sekundärlithiumbatterie und Sekundärlithiumbatterie diesen enthaltend
US7211237B2 (en) * 2003-11-26 2007-05-01 3M Innovative Properties Company Solid state synthesis of lithium ion battery cathode material
KR20040037053A (ko) * 2004-04-16 2004-05-04 주식회사 이스퀘어텍 팽윤억제용 리튬이차전지 전해액
US8632918B2 (en) * 2005-02-03 2014-01-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Electrolyte formulations for wide temperature lithium ion batteries
CN100583544C (zh) 2005-02-15 2010-01-20 株式会社Lg化学 具有含铵化合物电解质的锂二次电池
US7255965B2 (en) * 2005-04-25 2007-08-14 Ferro Corporation Non-aqueous electrolytic solution
US20060236528A1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2006-10-26 Ferro Corporation Non-aqueous electrolytic solution
US7238453B2 (en) * 2005-04-25 2007-07-03 Ferro Corporation Non-aqueous electrolytic solution with mixed salts
US7682754B2 (en) * 2005-05-26 2010-03-23 Novolyte Technologies, Inc. Nonaqueous electrolytic solution for electrochemical cells
US7727669B2 (en) * 2005-05-26 2010-06-01 Novolyte Technologies Inc. Triazine compounds for removing acids and water from nonaqueous electrolytes for electrochemical cells
US8273484B2 (en) * 2005-05-26 2012-09-25 Novolyte Technologies, Inc. Nitrogen silylated compounds as additives in non-aqueous solutions for electrochemical cells
EP2339684B1 (de) * 2005-06-10 2013-01-09 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Nichtwässrige elektrolytlösung, nichtwässrige elektrolyt sekundärbatterie und karbonatverbindungen
JP2007207617A (ja) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-16 Sony Corp 非水溶媒、非水電解質組成物及び非水電解質二次電池
KR101082152B1 (ko) * 2006-06-20 2011-11-09 주식회사 엘지화학 고온 수명 특성을 개선하는 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차 전지
KR100982325B1 (ko) * 2006-12-12 2010-09-15 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 리튬 이차 전지
EP2212965B1 (de) * 2007-11-09 2015-06-10 LG Chem, Ltd. Lithiumsekundärbatterie mit zusatzstoffen für verbesserte hochtemperatur-eigenschaften
FR2948232B1 (fr) 2009-07-16 2011-08-26 Commissariat Energie Atomique Electrolyte liquide pour accumulateur au lithium, comprenant un melange de solvants organiques non aqueux
CN106716705A (zh) * 2014-09-19 2017-05-24 3M创新有限公司 用于可再充电电池的电解质溶液

Family Cites Families (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3945848A (en) * 1970-07-15 1976-03-23 P. R. Mallory & Co. Inc. Lithium-metal oxide organic electrolyte systems
US3873369A (en) * 1973-05-14 1975-03-25 Du Pont Tungsten oxide-containing cathode for non-aqueous galvanic cell
US4002492A (en) * 1975-07-01 1977-01-11 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Rechargeable lithium-aluminum anode
US4056663A (en) * 1975-11-03 1977-11-01 P. R. Mallory & Co. Inc. Performance in an organic electrolyte
US4198476A (en) * 1978-09-08 1980-04-15 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Nonaqueous secondary cell using metal oxide electrodes
DE3068002D1 (en) * 1979-04-05 1984-07-05 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Electrochemical cell and method of making ion conductors for said cell
US4423125A (en) * 1982-09-13 1983-12-27 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Ambient temperature rechargeable battery
US4497726A (en) * 1983-05-31 1985-02-05 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Electrode material
US4463071A (en) * 1983-11-30 1984-07-31 Allied Corporation Secondary batteries using room-temperature molten non-aqueous electrolytes containing 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium halides or 1,3-dialkylimidazolium halide
US4702977A (en) * 1985-04-30 1987-10-27 Toshiba Battery Co., Ltd. Secondary battery using non-aqueous solvent
JP2668678B2 (ja) * 1986-11-08 1997-10-27 旭化成工業株式会社 二次電池
US4751160A (en) * 1987-07-06 1988-06-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Organic electrolyte for use in a lithium rechargeable electrochemical cell and lithium rechargeable electrochemical cell including said organic electrolyte
US4804596A (en) * 1988-01-21 1989-02-14 Honeywell Inc. Electrode material/electrolyte system for non-aqueous cells
JPH0744043B2 (ja) * 1988-10-21 1995-05-15 松下電器産業株式会社 リチウム二次電池
JPH0744042B2 (ja) * 1988-11-30 1995-05-15 松下電器産業株式会社 リチウム二次電池用電解液
US4957833A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-09-18 Bridgestone Corporation Non-aqueous liquid electrolyte cell
JP2797390B2 (ja) * 1989-04-03 1998-09-17 ソニー株式会社 非水電解質二次電池
US5079109A (en) * 1989-05-16 1992-01-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
US5153082A (en) * 1990-09-04 1992-10-06 Bridgestone Corporation Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
US5110696A (en) * 1990-11-09 1992-05-05 Bell Communications Research Rechargeable lithiated thin film intercalation electrode battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5525443A (en) 1996-06-11
EP0482287B1 (de) 1997-08-13
EP0482287B2 (de) 2004-09-01
DE69127251T3 (de) 2005-01-13
DE69127251T2 (de) 1998-03-05
EP0482287A1 (de) 1992-04-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69127251T2 (de) Nichtwässrige elektrochemische Sekundärbatterie
DE69116059T2 (de) Sekundärbatterie mit nichtwässrigem Elektrolyten
KR960015993A (ko) 비수전해질 2차전지
DE69132485D1 (de) Sekundärbatterie oder -zelle mit nichtwässrigem Elektrolyten
DE69514437D1 (de) Sekundärbatterie mit nichtwässrigem Elektrolyten
DE69331206D1 (de) Nichtwässerige Sekundärbatterie
DE69603665D1 (de) Sekundärbatterie mit nichtwässrigem Elektrolyten
DE69103384T2 (de) Sekundärbatterie mit nichtwässrigen Elektrolyten.
DE69328172D1 (de) Lithium-sekundärbatterie
DE69434683D1 (de) Nichtwässrige Sekundärbatterie
DE69419360D1 (de) Sekundärbatterie mit nichtwässrigem Elektrolyten
KR960702951A (ko) 비수전해액 2차전지
DE69430941T2 (de) Lithium-Sekundärbatterie
DE69417938T2 (de) Nichtwässrige Sekundärbatterie
DE69404901D1 (de) Lithium Sekundärbatterie
DE69016143D1 (de) Sekundärbatterie mit nichtwässrigem Elektrolyten.
DE69506601D1 (de) Nichtwässrige Sekundarbatterie
DE69127180D1 (de) Sekundärzelle mit nichtwässrigem Elektrolyten
DE69303980D1 (de) Sekundäre Lithiumbatterie
DE69312140T2 (de) Nichtwässrige Sekundärbatterie
DE69226927T2 (de) Lithium-Sekundärbatterie
DE69415911D1 (de) Lithium Sekundärbatterie
DE69509590T2 (de) Sekundärbatterie mit nichtwässrigem Elektrolyt
DE69219308D1 (de) Lithium-sekundärbatterie
DE69223174T2 (de) Sekundärbatterie mit nichtwässrigen Elektrolyten

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8363 Opposition against the patent
8366 Restricted maintained after opposition proceedings
8327 Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner

Owner name: PANASONIC CORP., KADOMA, OSAKA, JP

8320 Willingness to grant licences declared (paragraph 23)