DE4101951A1 - Optically controlled foil documentation and diagnostics system - uses recorded data, esp. of echocardiography and contains magnifying optical systems, storage and evaluation devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement for optically controlled foil documentation and diagnosis, esp. of moving structures which are difficult to distinguish from each other, contains a dual analysis system consisting of magnifying optical systems matched to the required or desired resolution and the practical application. The arrangement also contains one or more flat data memories and storage units of transparent material and of different formats, strength and quality which can be selected and applied at will, individually or in combination. USE/ADVANTAGE - For rapid, highly accurate quantitative measurement, documentation, data storage and evaluation of points of interest, esp. in echocardiographic data.

Description

I. A Determination and tasks of a foil stencil system for standardizable, quantitative, manual-digital image analysis

The objects of the present invention are in particular in training such a facility so that - within the framework clinical routine with individual (i.e. not machine-bound) records to be evaluated from imaging processes - standardized and reproducible measurements selectively, quickly, with high accuracy, in high numbers and in digital quality in direct individual and group comparison to and from each other and can be used for both immediate and follow-up diagnosis be so - both in clinical routine and in more extensive, scientific studies - u. a. also test results to allow that due to having a high Time-consuming, required analysis of a larger number So far selectively investigated phases and phase parameters difficult or impossible at all (e.g. the quantitative, graphical measurement of twenty of the thirty consecutive Cardiac cycles in continuously written, echocardiographic M or D mode to determine representative Mean values of phase-dependent parameters; so far - due to the associated time expenditure usual and possible - is ones and values of mean values to be calculated from a preselected, random sample of only three consecutive cycles, see. u. a. Park JW, Urbanczyk M, student S: benefit of a non-invasive Early diastolic ventricular function parameters Detection of a rejection reaction after heart transplantation, Z Kardiol 78: 668-673 (1989)); it will work with this facility too created the basis for mathematical extremates through the graphic Translation (markings, matrices) of both existing,  and also secondarily according to the coding of the transparent memories to be presented here algorithms to be created and given, statistical Content without the previously required, person-dependent manual reading of complete sequences of points and courses and one subsequent, complex, software-bound Billing through direct and traceable setting and Documenting selective point data to determine this data - on transparent memories to save space and in each case Matrices interprets fixed (coded) - a simple, secondary and largely independent of people, to supply electronic data processing and at the same time this standardized "graphic disc (s)" for comprehensive use, immediate graphic interpretation of the parameters treated on it through direct, comparative laying on other, similar Use records alone or in combination with each other can.

Overriding this there is in particular the possibility qualified! selected data also from different examiners (Specialists) user-friendly - simple and robust in the Handling, fast, very precise and on a larger scale to almost identical, complete transmission - almost exclusively medical To leave auxiliary staff (cost factor) to about digital processing and / or data transfer in addition to clinical (Immediate and follow-up diagnosis) also a comprehensive, scientific use (studies, further work) central (specialist centers, clinics) as well as decentralized (resident Specialist, specialist department of a clinic). In the medical field, extensive use can  Relieve patients; a time- and cost-intensive journey to special centers as part of recurrent prevention or a lifelong the necessary aftercare is then no longer or only still required to a limited extent.

About the expansion of the facility for electronic data processing there is the possibility of parts of the facility ((Adhesive) transparent storage matrices / plastic-like transparent substrates) continuous (intra-individual) or periodic (inter- and / or intra-individually) in terms of printing technology in the desired or necessary, possible size change to update and Open up matrices for new, compound parameters.

These fundamentally required tasks are achieved through training solved according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Advantageous and expedient developments of the invention Task solutions are identified in the subclaims.  

I. B Introductory introduction to the special area of application the quantitative analysis of records from imaging Medical procedure

Numerous components influence the quantitative analysis Registrations to be evaluated from imaging procedures. Reference values do not demarcate pathological from pathological Single registrations from. In addition to patient-related (e.g. location of Patients during examinations, respiration, frequencies, age) and device-specific components of technical or constructive Art is the quantitative representation of registrations from some imaging procedures (e.g. endoscopy, angiography and sonography (echocardiography)) also from manual Skill and interpretation of the examiner during dependent on the creation of the recording to be evaluated. While here for individual examinations by different examiners broad reference values a rough orientation in the frame a clinical observation may appear, a follow-up will appear in the clinical or scientific interest with the claim of a differentiated statement based on finely quantitative Analysis over a longer observation period itself Execution of the consecutive data collection by the same examiner doubtful. So influenced for example in echocardiographic Measurements the location of the transducer and the Angle between the ultrasound beam and the heart in particular quantitative M-mode analysis (Feigenbaum H., echocardiography, Erlangen 1986, 3rd edition, p. 130); an undocumented and not Proven professional tracing of structures of interest using a light pen, sound pen, electronic network or Zirkel also has an influence on the quality of these read  Raw data and automatic contour determination is available with thin, movable and difficult to differentiate, sometimes to estimate Structures (with signal inconsistency and / or broadening) often not possible at all or only very incorrectly. One afterwards Electronic data processing that takes place could sometimes an accuracy that actually does not exist in reality to pretend.

The way of transfer with compass and ruler from individual Human hand selectively collected data from (photo) graphic Records in a digital electronic data processing system has so far been widely recognized Techniques have been tried to solve. This is how manual shutdown of points and contours, for example with a light pen or Pencil for hand-controlled digitization in two ways a time and costly and therefore the desired Contradicting use of electronic data processing Procedures; on the one hand, the professional selection of relevant, quantitatively reliable usable data only qualified Reserved personnel - a selectable for each purpose, standardized guidance, for example in the form of a matrix-printed, also controlled markable and therefore encodable Foil, would be quick and! reliably precise work certainly an advantage. (In human and veterinary medicine serve for clinical, visual and standardized routine control and Interpretation of ECG recordings of differently executed EKG Plastic rulers; also orthopedic measurements of angular and Line structures, for example on conventional X-ray images in everyday clinical practice by placing a special angle ruler visually or via manual markings on the (photo)  graphic recording recorded and interpreted.) On the other hand requires the secondary reading and tracing of these qualified from different people on each record pre-marked data (follow) by third parties (auxiliary staff) a fast, concentrated, low-fatigue, manual work, of which with increasing, half or full day workload of the individual in the use of the currently common o. g. Procedure cannot and cannot be assumed. - The quantitative is increased Failure if on a qualified pre-marking and an abundance of data sequences are routinely done manually by trained personnel schematically and without guidance can be entered into (electronic) digital systems and then offset against each other via special software packages especially since the signal structures to be entered in the clinical Reality not always free of overlays and clearly against each other must be delimited.

Diagnostic and therapeutic consequences or / and scientific Less conclusions about a comparative interpretation, fine-quantitative data collected and transmitted in this way, which is then also subjected to electronic processing therefore require a reasonably critical distance.

With non-overlay !, clearly! distinguishable from each other The device according to the invention should and can signal structures no alternative to that - but for the clinical, before but mostly established routine in personnel training and costs very complex - possibility created by computer scientists for machine controlled! Digitization (automatic contour determination)  represent that electronically by direct dubbing and evaluation digital data almost no loss of information about an intermediate, unique, (photo) graphic documentation allows; but can do differentiated experience and critical Knowledge of the qualified examiner e.g. B. in arrythmia-related Endocardial relaxation changes in the posterior wall of the left Cardiac ventricles in the usually directly following evaluation and interpretation process in the examination room or on Sick bed - verifiable and enforceable - flow (standardized Point documentation on the record to be analyzed, identical, encodable transparent copy (s) as memory, template and medium of interpretation).

Additional, (photo) graphic documentation is provided via interchangeable, involved in the evaluation and documentation process Lens systems using a suitable one, on a camera attached adapter ring are possible. (The outside diameter The lens frames are on the inside diameter of this ring to get the interchangeable magnifying lens used here aware of the central analysis / storage unit (see III. below) additional meaning as a camera object of a CCD camera / a camera to a still video system (see Appendix I); independently of which is the conventional use of photosensitive negative films (SLR camera) possible. - To a subsequent one SDS measurement of this "secondary" photography / graphic is not intended but probably the very simple and quick one Possibility of a direct, delay-free and loss of information telephone transmission of decentrally created (established Specialist practice, special department of a small clinic) and image data to be processed centrally (specialist clinic, centers). The  between the magnifying lens device (III 3.) and the recording movable, (adjustment) matrix or matrices printed or / and pasted, i.e. prepared, transparent carriers (see III III and / or 2.) is capable of quickly changing, traceable verification the image data (here) transmitted by telephone. - The encoded and simultaneously analyzing data (diagnostics) memory (III 1. and / or 2.) can - in connection with or without Recording directly (by phone) as well as indirectly - by post or personally (- in the case of the medical Use of the system - for example as a disease-related ID (Stencils) ruler / card in the mostly carefully observed book of check cards or in the patient's wallet) - to a quantitative (Image) data exchange contribute.

The risk of poor transmission accuracy due to the in the manual-digital process of hand-controlled digitization Previously required, quick, highly observer dependent, hand-guided traversal of each sequence of points Signals or signal curve to be evaluated can be transmitted or adjustment and reading less, via interchangeable Lens systems precisely and directionally adjustable and via keyboard (s) Readable measuring points one during the input process on the digital Drawing board to be counteracted.

All parts of the facility are designed so that the modern practice with a small computer system here system to be presented, for example in the Follow-up care or supplementary care for acute and chronically ill patients (in cooperation with the specialist centers / special clinics, see above).

Conversely, there is the possibility of  decentrally collected and then documented professionally Data from a central, scientific Supply use.  

II. An overview of the sandwich diagnostic system II. A Basic structure

The device according to the invention essentially consists of an analytical device Compound of magnifying glass system optics (zoom decoder) and transparent memory (graphic disc), further from accessories and supplementary Functional parts (drawing board, guide rail and lighting system (s)) (basic unit, rail and frame unit).

The different, on "graphic disc (s)" printing technology or markings and / or matrices to be applied photographically as a graphic translation and interpretation of existing and pending Algorithms, in combination with a graphic processing statistical content, are - application-related - too develop. A first, immediate example in the field of medical, performing diagnostics represents the matrix of a independently developed TX (diagnostic) rulers / (card) to support quantitative, echocardiographic rejection diagnostics in patients after orthotopic heart transplantation, its also (further) developed (primary) matrix, come separately, as part of a dissertation becomes.

II. B System part-related provision

The aim of the device according to the invention is a direct graphic usable, space-saving binary codable ("point marking- Non-point marking "defined diameter), ID transparent template (Map, ruler, sheet etc.) in the (ir) reversible combination with ready-made and applied standardized matrices, which alone and in combination with other transparent stencil memories  for easy to carry out, almost identically reproducible, quantitative analysis of image data can be used can.

The matrices should (in case of follow-up examinations) within one Series of tests (personal - intra-individual or / and factual (here: disease-related - inter-individual) about the connectable, electronic data processing by the analyzer Continuously and without delay, changes in printing technology (update) and be comparable to each other.

The magnifying lens increases and supports the resolving power of the eye under consideration including the inclusion photo / thermotechnical influencing factors (including grit of paper) in each differentiable through reference matrices Magnification range (n-fold magnification of a magnifying lens) and enables in the analytical network with the differentiated for each application combinable transparent memory matrices ("secondary (de) coding") also to date a complex Software-linked, mathematical calculation of sequences of points (for example to graphically determine a differential - determination of extremata; see. in addition the basic considerations by Klouth R., estimates in the area of Schwarz derivatives and certain generalizations; Dissertation 1976, Bonn); The basis for the consideration is that the electronic digital Charging a visual-manual analysis - even with humanly unusually perfect (very precise) import work not can be better than the examiner does not initially influenceable, technical-qualitative factors in printing / photographic Allows recording; a meaningful combination of  one each to the limits of technical and individual optics Resolving magnifying optics with prepared, standardized matrices can - not just equivalent (for example for the electronic-mathematical calculation of different Differentials) are used; a graphic translation applied Algorithms in direct, selective and time-saving marking and thus documenting the analysis process reproducibly (Codable) matrices of different tasks enabled on transparent memories - and not just in of descriptive, quantitative medicine - a multifaceted one Commitment. As a possible application example, the determination of maximum / minimum speeds from recorded, punctiform Signal sequences called (see also TX (diagnostic transparency memory) ruler, card ruler, card, sheet, foil sandwich with the latter z. B. as an adhesive film ruler, u. a. m.).

Offered the matrix designed as part of the thesis to the above transparent TX plastic ruler (- just like the EKG- Ruler for the direct and simple evaluation of numerous, graphic records created -) for example opposite the previously used process of hand-controlled digitization the advantage - instead of the randomly chosen (only) three consecutive point series in (- with precise work - time-consuming and exhausting,) hands-free reading and of it subsequent, electronic-mathematical, mostly complex Offsetting (mathematical coprocessor) - an actually representative one Statement through the timely and selective measurement more, less, actually more relevant, composed punctiform parameters in sequence - indispensable for quick Preservation of actually representative mean values, especially with the  Analysis of records of continuously moving structures -, so one can direct, detailed and under visual- enlarging / reducing control adjustable and traceable distinctive, punctiform marking on each other on Intended use combinations of transparent slices the same or different formats, strengths and characteristics the coding and thus the creation of optically controllable to open "graphic discs".

The accessories serve a quick and controllable opening or Insert the transparent memory and additional measurement and Calculation functions (see "graphical analysis staff"). You take into account practical requirements of use (see, inter alia, use of the system in darkened rooms or / and in selected Magnifying systems of very large magnification ranges using a temporarily attachable cold light lighting system; simple, adaptive disassembly and assembly of (additional) individual parts of the respective subsystems if desired or required Transport) and enable in cooperation with magnifying lenses (objective) - optics and matrices (III 1.-3.) and in connection with others photographic systems an (verifiable) image data transfer (see attachable photo adapter ring).

III. Structure of the overall system

The device according to the invention comprises

III. A a precision mechanical-optical system part for visually manual, documenting work (with additions to III. C in the areas of measurement and calculation)

It was an example of one of the dimensions to be evaluated Record-oriented drawing board system for evaluation photographically documented strip-chart records (here: first of all for quantitative course diagnosis of echocardiographic Real drawing records) made (see present Photographs). The basic, constructive structure of this - as Table version - deliberately kept compact analysis board is complete transferable to boards of other dimensions (e.g. for the analysis of records in DIN A3 format).

Structure of the board system (subsystem I) 1. constructive

• - Analysis table (basic unit)
• - Guide (double) rails / rail frame (rail and frame unit)
• - Rail car - link between the actual board and the interchangeable lens optics (part of lens unit)
• - storage space (foil box)

2. structurally

• - Unit consisting of rail carriages and lens optics (lens unit; see III 3. a)), central analysis / storage unit (foil unit; III 1., 2.) ["directional movable magnifying glass lens"]
• - Unit of horizontal vertical rails (frame) (part of rail and frame unit) / 180 ° guide rails (frame), central analysis / Storage unit (foil unit; III 1st, 2nd, see below) ["slice units"]
• - Unit consisting of top and bottom rails, guide rails and rail frame, central analysis / Storage unit (foil unit; III 1., 2.) ["graphical analysis staff"]  
• - Unit made of double guide rails and externally insertable and interchangeable transparent body magnifying lens (see VI.) ["System in system"]

III. B additional system parts, compatible with (electronic) digital, commercially available board systems (subsystem II), for visual manual- (electronic) digital work

These are complementary, adaptive, quickly interchangeable Segments to one of those very precisely working, commercial, digital drawing board systems with key cursor and digital pencil.

1. constructive

• - In addition to the standard board: reversibly fixable Low thickness pad made of non-slip, compliant material (Rubber, soft rubber, soft plastic, cork) in the Size of the contact area of the record (s) to be analyzed (additive part of digital basic unit)
• - Three-quarter ring adjustment segment - 1st link between the actual one Board and the interchangeable magnifying lens (part of digital lens unit)
• - Magnifying glass (lens) optics adapter ring - (basically illuminable) 2. Link between the actual board and the interchangeable one Magnifying optics (part of lens unit)

2. structurally

• - Unit consisting of three-quarter ring adjustment segment and magnifying lens (digital lens unit; III 3.), central analysis / storage unit  (foil unit; III 1., 2.) ["Magnifying glass lens"]
• - Unit made of non-slip insert of the three-quarter ring adjustment segment (part of digital lens unit), the edition of one thin layer of non-slip, compliant material (additive part of digital basic unit) and the arranged between them, central analysis / storage unit (s) (foil unit (s)) and / or the record (s) to be analyzed ["slice units-support"]
• - Unit from the frame of the digital cross-hair magnifier and a matching magnifying lens adapter ring (part of lens unit) as a link between the interchangeable, aplanar lens optics of different magnification ranges and the manufacturer-related, system-specific Coil sockets of the key cursor used in each case ["adapter unit"]

III. C the optically and visually evaluating central analysis / storage unit for measurement, calculation, documentation and interpretive Presentation (diagnostics) - (III) Structure of the unit

• 1. transparent support (basic graphic disc)
  • a) made of soft, plastic-like material (e.g. plastic films of different thickness, size and nature, (ir) reversibly fixable)
  • b) made of hard, transparent material (e.g. hard plastic (including flat acrylic glass panes of different thickness, size and texture, (ir) reversibly fixable)
• 2. transparent, fixable, plastic-like material (e.g. "low-tak" adhesive film) (additional graphic disc)
• 3. interchangeable magnifying lens (zoom decoder)

This provides the link between subsystem (I), the System part (II) and the actual analysis / storage unit (III, cf. 1. + 2.); the zoom-free use of created / coded Transparent plastic "sandwiches" is in principle - with and without electronic-digital processing (see system part II) - possible.

The application is between a high-resolution, adjustable Loupe (lens) lens device and adaptively nestable, optical transparent cylinder partial segments (with flat Edition - see VI - SBS). Because of the Adjustment of the necessary suspension device (rail car and adjusting ring (VHS steel) - subsystem I; Three-quarter ring segment and adaptering (s) - subsystem II) is the use (itself commercial) aplanar magnifying lens optics for manufacturing very expensive. It therefore seems sensible to do the adjustment too without using a thumbscrew fine-tuning to be able to make; if for dissolution and purpose (here: for example for routine (historical) examinations in clinical Everyday life) is sufficient, the use of adaptively interlocking, arc-shaped transparent segments relatively smaller! Magnification ranges (up to 3.5x) as (production) inexpensive, simple and easy to carry alternative (Pocket version). So it is also conceivable to possible kit from these adaptive transparent segments (including different possible reference matrices) (Small) magnification area with fixed bottom  (e.g. engraving, etching process) and / or reversible (see more transparent Carrier 1 b)) applied reference marks / matrices, possibly supplemented by a sentence consisting of Rail car and / or three-quarter ring segment and various Magnifying glass (lens) lens optics of different heights! (for example 4, 10, 20 times) Resolving power for detailed, supplementary (scientific and / or space-consuming complex analyzes in the smallest transparent memory areas). The mini version the facility works with such optics, added around rail sub-segments that limit the use of these in the vertical and / or 180 ° guide double rails can be inserted and moved guided movable pocket version both as (optically effective) Part of the central analysis / storage unit of the desktop device I (System within the system) as well as self-sufficient (limited in scope) (through interlocking transparent bodies) "growing", small "baby" system allowed.

The use of the transparent memory can - the intended one Appropriate application intention - alone or together with the one incorporated in the subsystems (I; II) or free (fixed) lying, to be analyzed record as:

• 1.1 a / b) ruler
  (different thickness, size, surface texture and consistency, printable, inscribable, punchable)
• 1.2 a / b) card
  (the difference to the ruler is in the format)
• 1.3 a / b) (n-fold) map ruler
  (already verbally a combination of 1.1 and 1.2: transparent cards connected to one another via dot-perforated or / and colored markings to be separated after coding, overall in the format of a ruler that can be inserted and / or used freely in the subsystems)
• 1.4 a / b) Transparent (double) sheet
  (The difference to 1.1-1.3 is in the format and within the rails (frame) only one-sided (double) suspension; the side edges opposite the overlying, perforated perforations at the edges are separable - reversibly adhesive-bonded and are - during use - reversibly adhesive-fixed - in and out attached to the bottom on (closed (m)) rails (frame) The same applies to a double ruler (see 1.1), a double map (see 1.2), a double ruler map (see 1.3)
• 1.5 a / (b)) transparent ruler arch
• 1.6 a / (b)) Transparent ruler card sheet
  (1.5; 1.6) results from the descriptions 1.1- 1.4
• 1.7 a / (b)) Transparent double ruler (cards) sheet
  (The difference to 1.4 is reversible adhesive fixations, which are attached between the separable (see above) two-layer ruler, card and / or partial sheet parts for non-slip stabilization.)
• 1.8 a / b) Transparent support
  (transparent and / or printable and / or inscribable, flat body with the possibility of applying self-explanatory, fixable transparent "slices" 1.1-1.4)
• 1.9 a / b) Transparent storage media
  (The difference to the transparent carrier basically consists of markings and / or matrix / ces applied on the bottom (contact surface), in interpretation additive to the previously coded, fixable transparent "slices" 1.1-1.4)

1a) b) / 2 "sandwich" (real, virtual, combinative, see below)

The transparent memories are basically (with the exception one-sided double perforation of the two-layer transparent double memory; s. o.) with standardized perforations at the edges (to fit in the pin holders of the rails (frame)) to provide; these are from the actual analysis area separated by dot-perforated and / or colored markings or / and can be cut (see 1.1-1.7).

The "sandwich" can

• - virtual
  ie only at the moment of the documentation process from different transparent plastic "slices" (1.1-1.7) - arise within the system subunits (I and / or II), so that there is a constant change during the documentation and / or analysis process and after its completion a reversible resolution is subject (cf. III 1.),
• - real
  ie independent of the system subunits (I and / or II) - as a record-independent and record-independent, multiple usable, updatable single "slice" (cf. III 1.) or as an (ir) reversible combination of fixed, initially not interconnected " Slices "(cf. III 1st + 2nd, among others in the form of an adhesive foil ruler / an adhesive foil card, used for (for example) echocardiographic course diagnosis -), finally
• - combinative
  ie through the joint, directed use of individual "slices" (cf. III 1.) and composite "slices" (cf. III 1. + 2.) in the system subunits (I or / and II)

arise.  

III. D

The same components in the figures have the same reference symbols Mistake.  

III. Functions and properties III. E table version precision mechanical-optical system part Main function

• 1. Create updatable data storage templates for directly usable quantitative analysis (photo) graphic records, individually and in combination (Sandwiches)
• 2. Possibility of further interpretation, both about various ways to combine transparent memory that can be inserted or stored as well as the double rails positioned on the outside
• 3. robust basic device part (accessory)
• 4. Interaction with the mini system (see VI)

Functions (described in detail)

• - Recording of the record to be analyzed (raw data)
• - Possibility of record-related documentation and analysis through reversible inclusion of printable / inscribable, transparent memories (graphic disc (s)) in the vertical rail frames and guide rails (frames) of this subsystem
  = the graphic disc as data storage
• - Production and / or updating (punching (s) or / and colored pencil-bound point marking (s) of defined, exchangeable and therefore changeable diameter) of the data-storing and secondary-analyzing component (s) (transparent memory - graphic disc (s)) by qualified specialist personnel; An immediate interpretation without the accompanying marking process is possible via the position of the point markings within the matrices at every required time of interpretation
  = the graphic disc as a visually applicable, interpretive medium
• - Simultaneously with the transparent template production, directed and therefore codable representation of the analysis process on the inserted / inserted record (s) by means of dot marking and secondary, fatigue-free, punching and / or colored pencil-bound transfer of the dot markings into and onto relevant matrices of all kinds feasible with the help unqualified auxiliary personnel (no loss of information due to transmission errors in primary, secondary or n-fold transmission)
  = the graphic disc as a template
• - additional measurement and calculation functions; a unit consisting of top and bottom rails, rail frames, vertical and guide rails (frames) must be used
  = the graphic disc for communication with different, secondary calculation / measurement functions, interpretation aids

properties

• - compact, robust lightweight construction (aluminum / acyl glass parts)
• - sufficiently good lubricity to each other of the used Materials (aluminum, acyl glass, brass)
• - Possible, handy, location-independent use
• - Software-independent, universally applicable options  the application
• - use regardless of location; in daylight (waiver to the adaptively attachable cold light lighting) Can be used independently of the mains
• - fast, selectable and very precise, about one by a hands-free secondary suspension guided movement independent feasible, directed Fine tuning less, more relevant, more point-like (Partial) data
• - quick and easy handling of the functional parts
• - very inexpensive to operate, can be used at any time

III. F optical-digital system part Main functions

• 1. Read in created data storage templates
• 2. Open or expand individual templates
• 3. Output of calculated, graphic data

Functions (described in detail)

• - contact surface of the record to be analyzed (raw data)
• - Possibility for fixable recording printable / inscribable Transparent memory (graphic disc (s)) on a commercially available, high quality (technical variable min. +/- 0.1 mm), digital drawing boards for hand-controlled digitalization
• - Possibility to mark the data-storing component (transparent plastic storage III 1 .; 2.) of the central analysis / storage unit (III) by means of a punched (therefore non-slip, compressible underlay required) or / and colored dot marking (s) of a defined diameter
  = the graphic disc as an indirect storage of digital data
• - time-saving, constantly precise - low-fatigue - reading obtained, punched and through qualified analysis color-coded markings in series, can be carried out by auxiliary personnel using a commercially available, digital pencils (inserting the pencil tip into previously made pencils Punched holes in the transparent template; possible Fine adjustment of colored markings via the reference (here: crosshair) matrix of the key cursor

properties

• - Easily and quickly (de) mountable, adaptive, separately transportable (individual segments (adapter ring, three-quarter ring basic segment) to complement standard key cursor (s)), can be installed and used on various computer systems at short notice
  (However, this requires a previously performed setup of the software specifically required for each area of application on the systems used separately from each other with a loss of available storage space and (mostly also at the time) the increase in required computing time; there is also a dependence on programmer (s) or Software institute (s) (for maintenance of special software)
• - Traceable reading of previously marked data for electronic Data processing and extensive data processing without Loss of information on the (original records marked (relevant) by specialist personnel Data (connecting system subunits I and II)

III. G central analysis / storage unit Main functions

• 1. Documentation of graphic data: coding / Decoding
• 2. Template function
• 3. reference, adjustment, interpretation aid, especially for assessment in the course
• 4. standardized development graphically and quantitatively detectable and usable (more relevant) data
• 5. Cooperation more specialized, more central and decentralized bodies
• 6. Possibility of application-related choice of Magnifying optics to be used as high-resolution Precision optics or as generally accessible, individually persistent, temporary compatible use

Functions (described in detail)

• - Save (punching, color marking) graphically faced or developed information (data) to be used in / on Transparent memory with the possibility of direct Inclusion of the binary codable to be analyzed graphically (Point punching / "non-point punching") recording (s); the diameters of the die cuts are a matter of choice standardized and hardened, commercially available steel wires to match the selected markings / matrices
• - Make identically marked, same and different coded (transparent memory) copies of a graphic analysis by directional entry of individual  Data on the selected, pre-made transparent memories different size, strength, nature
• - Possibility to calculate and / or interpret the entered Data on the basis of a matrix and / or by clever Linking multiple matrices
• - Possibility of multiple use (e.g. to update Course analyzes) of this graphic data storage for documentation- and independent, entry and matrix related Analysis by direct, combinable laying on the each new record to be analyzed, individually and / or in association with each other
• - Individual fine adjustment within selected enlargement ranges the interchangeable magnifying lens that connects the system parts; the magnification range of the height adjustable Magnifying lens optics or the arcuate transparent cylinder partial segment optics is to be chosen so that a maximum Resolution of the record to be analyzed in coordination with seat height, head posture and accommodation power of each Analyzing and the matrices chosen by him both the required or desired setting as well as a fatigue-free Allows work
• - Possibility of using one or more arcuate, adaptively connected transparent segments with one or more, associating segments to take over the functions of the transparent ruler (s) (subsystem I) in connection with those of magnifying optics  
• - Possibility of downsizing and space-limited, intensive use of the existing storage medium / storage medium network (Foils / transparent plastic sandwiches) by means of selectable combinations of magnifying glass optics different Magnification areas, with and without use the reference matrices at board height (contact surface)
• - Possibility of exchanging local image data (remote) (For example, patient-specific, about the matrix design codable, individual diagnostic ruler in simple stowable / archivable credit card size; Use of existing photographic systems); in this regard is one sensible use only with the high-resolution magnifying lens given (objective) optics

properties III. C. 1./2.

• - universal use can be rejected at any time prefabricated and software-linked and expandable, graphically newly created and expandable Transparent memory
• - Creation of an easy way to time-defined Comparison of inter- and intra-individual, central and decentral created, quantitative, graphic data, with each other and with those standardized markings / matrices and Entries at the beginning of a progress analysis; intended is the receipt of retrospective and prospective statements
• - Creating an easy way for valid development qualitatively and quantitatively new, composed, graphic (part) parameter, can be coded in punctiform form  
• - mostly very inexpensive, for data collection, storage, Interpretation and archiving alike, in principle reusable, plastic-like material, in Sub-segments are participable

III. C. 3

• - Possible use of commercial, aplanar, interchangeable Magnifying glass (lens) systems, fitted in mutually compatible, height-adjustable socket / lighting segments
• - Fatigue-free, comfortable work by using the height-adjustable Lens frame
• - fast, adaptive, situational possibility for combination pluggable, arched transparent segment optics different magnification ranges with changeable, (ir) reversibly applied reference matrices
• - Possibility to easily assemble some, differently designed ruler segments from the pluggable, curved, optical transparent segments in Connection with associated subsegments
• - Possibility of almost complete use of the assembled, total lens diameter using aplanar Lens systems (magnifying lens optics)
• - precise, simple and easy handling of the adaptive individual elements the magnifying lens
• - Universal, matrix-independent use of the used one Magnifying optics
• - Very simple, quickly changeable possibility for matrix-controlled  (calibratable) image data (remote) transfer over the set neckline
• - Reversible removable lighting ring enables use of cold or daylight

IV. A working principle - the basic concept of use sandwich

• 1. (not mandatory) Apply and fix
  (e.g. reversible adhesive fixation) of the transparent (thin, printable or inscribable), plastic-like material (e.g. overhead film) on the evaluation table / the support surface of the digital drawing board. [Depending on the purpose of use, another, point-markable material (e.g. paper, cardboard) can also be used - under! of the record to be analyzed - put on / (reversible adhesive) fixed.]
• 2. Insert / hang up
  the record to be analyzed.
• 3. Adjust, tear / cut and fasten
  the recording to be analyzed using guided rulers. When using the digital system, the adjustment process and the rulers can be omitted, but not cutting and fastening.
• 4. (mandatory for documentation and coding)
  of a matrix (ces) printed horizontal rails (carrier) transparent "memory" (or several transparent memories of smaller format)
  Prepare (only subsystem I)
  (Fit suitable (carrier) transparent storage (sections) (including foils, flat acrylic glass panes) in / under one / several vertical rail frames
  Underlay (only subsystem II)
  that (carrier) transparent storage section under the bottom, non-slip insert (here: hard rubber) of the three-quarter ring base segment

Diagnostic

• 5.Insert / put on (mandatory when using subsystems I or / and II) of the rail car (s) in the vertical and / or the 180 ° adjustable guide rail of the basic accessory unit 1A. (one / more adaptively individually connected, magnifying glass transparent part segments) in the mentioned rails of the accessory basic unit 1A)
  When using subsystem II, the outer, illuminable three-quarter ring base segment 1B is positioned.
• 6. Inserting / putting on aplanar, interchangeable [when using the transparent magnifying lens additional] complementary magnifying glass systems [parts] possible, different magnification ranges, connected each with a (replaceable / removable) reference adjustment matrix at the analysis level. For magnifying glass subsystems (see below) remains the adapter ring with attached reference matrix  (including reticle, crosshairs) are to be replaced here only the lens combinations of different magnification ranges.
• 7. Select and vote (not mandatory) the (transparent memory) adjustment matrices on the selected magnification in the magnification range of the magnifying lens used by the respective analyzers.
• 8. (mandatory for documentation, coding, Instant analysis without coding or documentation) Adjust (and combine) one or more transparent memory Sandwich (es) in the (matrix-related), desired position with the controlled use of the selected magnifying optics and controlled change existing magnification ranges (seat height / Eye-magnifying lens distance change / accommodation force) by means of one another to be coordinated reference adjustment matrices of the respectively used - tube-free, height-adjustable magnifying lens optics (or by changing the magnification of the eye lens under Use of the transparent segment optics) with Transparent storage matrices or / and recording (s)
• 9. Marking / analysis
  (mandatory for documentation, coding) Punching, drawing, key cursor / pencil / direct reading of coding sequences of the transparent memory diagnostic matrices
• 10. Removal of the transparent memory and the one to be analyzed Records)

system

• 11. Archive
  Forwarding to digital input (printing technology transparent memory production)
  (Individual) adhesive transparent memory rulers / cards / sheets
  Matrices controlled image data transfer
• 12. (Repeated, updating) loading / hanging up
  • a) a (previously) digital (printing) created transparent memory in subsystem I
  • b) a (previously) manually coded transparent memory in subsystem II
  • c) a coded and / or (diagnostics) matrix-printed transparent memory with and without the use of the magnifying glass reference optics on the new analysis (s) to be analyzed without the subsequent implementation of new or additional markings, for example as part of a continuous progress assessment

IV.B Additions to the use of the individual subsystems IV.B.I.

• 1. Open the precision tabletop unit 1A by lifting it on both sides the handle lever fixed on the side until it engages; the rail frame is now about 40 degrees to insert the to be evaluated Material opened.
• 2. Overlay / insert, fitting, adjusting, fastening the to be analyzed Record (s) using a / second in the open Basic device of the transparent ruler (s) to be used
• 3. Slightly lifting the rail frame and slowly lowering the Handle lever in its starting position.
• 4. Opposing displacement of the horizontally movable in the rail frame inner rail (to the right) and - in opposite directions - the outer rail (to the left) until the outer edge of the inner rail and the inner edge of the outer rail is not lead each other more.
• 5. The two top ceiling strips of the inner rail can be successively be removed; the selected transparent memory (s) are pressed lightly over the pins of the rail
• 6. Reposition the inner and outer horizontal rails in their starting positions (closed subsystem)
• 7. Push the rail carriage into position (ROI) [in connection with the high-resolution lens systems]
• 8.Opening and occupying one or both rail frames (if required): Insert the closed frame (s) into the vertical double rail or / and (when using both rail frames)  in the 180 ° double guide rail
• 9. Insert the previously selected magnifying lens into the rail car; Fine adjustment of the sharpness by height adjustment of the lens frame [only in connection with the high-resolution lens systems); (if necessary) slight correction of the positioning of the rail car or the adaptively connectable, barrel-shaped, inserted / applied transparent body (VI.); precise setting of the desired position the recording to be evaluated [in conjunction with the high-resolution, aplanar lens systems using the existing knurled screws]
• 10. Separate and / or complementary positioning of the with Rails occupied by transparent memory under visual control of the Magnifying optics; Markings / matrices are with the reference matrices (Reticule, crosshair, etc.) of the positioned magnifying lens vote
• 11. Moving (moving) the optics used
• 12. Matrix-oriented marking (punching) of the transparent memories and / or (when using punctiform color markings) the recording by means of hardened steel pencils (/ colored pencils)
  (Additional operating functions that can be used additively are explained in connection with the description of the individual parts. Cf. V)

IV.B.II

• . Insert and clamp the adapter ring on the coil holder the flat cursor cursor
• 2. Insert this composite in the also lying flat  Three-quarter ring adjustment segment
• 3. Attach the selected magnifying lens and fix this bond through the adjustment locking knurled screws
• 4. Adaptive insertion of the cold light lighting ring (if needed); Mains connection
• 5. Slip-free application of the pad that can be pressed in at a point low strength on the analysis surface of the digital used Drawing boards for hand-controlled digitization
• 6. Laying on and reversibly fixing the record (s) to be analyzed on the previously applied pad
• 7. Mobile placement of a matrix-printed transparent memory
• 8. Position the prepared, modified key cursor on markings / matrix of this transparent memory; Fine adjustment the sharpness through height adjustment of the lens frame; precise adjustment (fine adjustment) of the reference matrix of the Magnifying optics with selected marking / matrix by means of the adjustment locking knurled screws
• 9. Precise positioning of the movable transparent memory on the record (s); The weight of the magnifying lens and of the key cursor presses on the non-slip insert on the bottom the three-quarter ring adjustment segment; which fixes the adjusted, movable transparent memory, which so all Movements of the key cursor (and vice versa) follows
• 10. Punch marks (outside the cursor coil) by outside Dot markings of the movable transparent memory; they mark its setting (s) on the recording (s)  
• 11. Using the keyboard during the import process

IV.B.III

• 1. Placing and positioning one or more transparent memories (in combination (s)) on that plan on any, smooth surface of the record (s) to be analyzed in the desired setting (s)
• 2. Put on one of the aplanar magnifiers (objective) systems / barrel and dome-shaped transparent body in the position of interest; Focus (fine adjustment) via the height-adjustable lens frame / Change in distance of the accommodating eyes; possible (non-principle) use of one or more reference adjustment matrix (ces)
• 3. visual interpretation of the finding

V. System part-oriented description of the functional parts V-I. System subunit I R - subsystem parts -

The accessory precision basic device (1A) for the high-resolution, non-digital documentation comprises a rectangular base plate ( 2 ) on which a rectangular table top ( 4 ) is arranged, which has a flat, rectangular evaluation table ( 6 ) for supporting the sonography strip sections ( 99 ) to be evaluated ( in this case! the relevant records to be analyzed).

The dimensions of the evaluation table are based on the dimensions of one device (respectively largest) record to be analyzed (here: strip-shaped, sonographic "strip-chart" recordings) vote.

On the tabletop, a rail frame (8) is pivotally mounted on one longitudinal side, the two mutually below the rail frame (8) in the table top (4) taken in with the aid of a horizontal axis (9) pivotable metal ellipses (11) with two thereto attached swivel levers ( 10 ) can be swiveled into an angular position of 60 °, which allows the evaluation table ( 6 ) to be quickly occupied.

The length of the pivot lever ( 10 ) corresponds at least to the width of the evaluation table ( 6 ), and at the longest to the width of the film rail frame ( 38, 43 ). A possible recess in the front part of the swivel lever ( 10 ) serves for manual operation of the swivel lever.

[However, it is possible to attach dangerous cutting edges on the lower edge of a lever; on the additionally required very high effort of the exact grinding one  rear lever end - firmly connected to the metal ellipse - continuously in the tapered cutting edge of the previous one here attached steel knife [cf. Registration Jan 1990) was waived.]

The cutting of the archival recording portions is performed (instead) above ground and outside scheduled crack edges (15) insertable rulers (17) of hard, transparent material (here: Acylglas). They can be inserted on the open device (rail frame is opened wide via metal ellipses; approx. 60 degrees) in the strip-shaped space ( 19 ) facing the analyzer between the evaluation table and the "bottom rail" ( 31, 33 ) and can also be used there precisely Circulation of the record to be evaluated - if necessary also coordinated. Markings ( 23 ) are attached to the surface of these transparent rulers directly on top of the recording, which enable precise positioning and subsequent fixing of the records to be evaluated on the analyzing surface of the evaluation table ( 6 ). (It is also conceivable - when the frame is closed - a transparent ruler ( 17 ) to be applied to the outside edge of the upper / lower horizontal rail ( 31 ′, 33 ′) (top bottom rail), provided with the transparent rulers mentioned above that can be used in terms of content Markings / matrix (ces) ( 24 ), among other things, for the possible adjustment of the overlying recording section (s) to be analyzed. Furthermore, the adaptive transparent bodies ( 299 ) mentioned above under III.3 and differentiated under VI analytical tasks able to also take over the function of the cutting using their bottom and outside (tear) edges ( 15 ).

In the evaluation table is a point that is easy to press in, flat but only slightly resilient ( 25 ) [Examples of possible materials: in the simplest case - rubberized, reversibly insertable and exchangeable, printable, inscribable, stippable, in format and thickness hardboard to be standardized; - here: - firmly glued on -: rubber layer of lesser thickness] recessed, so as to enable a later described punching process by means of a marking metal pen / ( 702/703/705 ) stylus with a tip of a defined diameter. The use of reversibly insertable and interchangeable pads (e.g. hard cardboard inserts, see above) opens up additional possibilities for the offsetting / measuring analysis of transparent memories, even without at the same time lying on, evaluable records; If it can or must be dispensed with - for example when used in several or in a larger application area (s), then a permanently installed (glued) layer is preferable due to its durability (e.g. high quality cork covering) and universal application, since in this case there is no additional need to carry a large number of differently designed overlays or inserts to be coordinated with markings / matrices.

Two guide hooks ( 27 ) can be used to put on a strip that has not yet been cut, placed and evaluated; they are attached to both sides of the evaluation table ( 6 ) on the front part of the table top ( 4 ) and can be seen on the open device (rail frame at approximately 60 ° angular position).

On both sides, on the floor and on the outside, the evaluation table has the option of recesses ( 29 ) for strips (fixed) that are to be installed (glued) with low (non-slip) [no vertical pressure] material (here: hard rubber): the closing rail frame can be one Continuously fix the continuous recording strips to be inserted over the entire analysis surface in the additional longitudinal tightening of the previously laid flat recording material.

On the long sides of the evaluation table there is a displaceable, outer rail ( 33, 33 ' ), in which an inner rail ( 31, 31' ) is arranged displaceably. The two rails are used for measuring tasks and can have markings ( 37 ). The front of the two double rails ( 31, 33 ) ("bottom rail"), which is close to the analyzing examiner, can be used for extended calculation and analysis of the markings or matrix (ces.) Placed or underlaid in the rail frame ( 38; 43 ) ) printed transparent memories. For this purpose, the markings / matrices ( 37 ) of the double rails (top / bottom rail) must be coordinated with the markings of the markings / matrices applied to the transparent memories.

The rectangular rail frame ( 8 ) has two longer, spaced, horizontal frame rails ( 14, 16 ), which on the outside - connected to each other with a connecting bar ( 14 a / 16 a) - close a frame ( 8 ). In the horizontal frame rails ( 14, 16 ) outer ( 18, 20 ) and inner horizontal rails ( 22, 24 ) are displaceable - temporarily (pushed into each other) mutually and continuously (pulled in and apart) in the horizontal frame rails ( 14, 16 ) .

The formal design of the inner horizontal rails ( 22, 24 ) is functionally oriented; There is a rapid, one-to-one and multiple transparent (foil) storage under mechanical load (including overlying magnifying glass with frequent changes of position) and record-related non-slip and reversible attachment:

The inner horizontal rails ( 22, 24 ) are provided with removable cover strips ( 26, 28 ) which hold the pins ( 29, 31 ) arranged in the rails ( 22, 24 ) for the firming tightening of one or more insertable and (for Secure, non-slip attachment / to prepare for subsequent archiving) additionally cover (also adhesive) to be attached reversibly (e.g. adhesive fixation) Transparent (foil) memory (s) ( 33 ). The internal horizontal rails (22, 24) are connected by an outside connecting strip (22/24 a) to each other.

Instead of the pin fixation there is also a (spring) terminal block connection conceivable. In this case there is a pick-up and hang-up the cover strips are not necessary; in addition to the requirement of a very elaborate production (hinge connection) seemed at the Planning to build this part quickly, to each other and to the recording material orderly insertion difficult.

The outer horizontal rails ( 18, 20 ) are firmly connected to one another on the side of the rail frame ( 8 ) opposite the connecting bar ( 30 ) by an outer and a spaced inner guide and connecting rail ( 32 and 34 ), which together form a vertical rail guide for the rectangular film frame ( 38, 43 ) and - above this - for a rail car ( 44 ). A back (upper) side, the two vertical rails (32, 34) connecting and final plate (32/34 a) oppress and joining / slippage prevents the inserted rail car (44) and / or the rail frame (38; 43) on the open device (1 A).

If necessary, the vertically movable slide ( 70 ) guided on the outside in the inner guide and connecting rail ( 34 ), to which a pair of further guide rails ( 40, 42 ) are fastened by means of locking clamps ( 70 ), in which another film frame ( 38 ) and - above this - the rail carriage ( 44 ) can be guided. The two guide rails ( 40, 42 ) can be moved over an axis semicircle ( 70 a) as part of the slide ( 70 ) by 180 degrees above the vertical and can be locked in the desired angular position using a locking screw ( 70 c). If required, the two vertical rails and the guide rails ( 40, 42 ) - positioned in relation to one another - can support the analysis process by means of inserted transparent memories.

The rail frame with pin movement ( 38 ) consists of a lower (with equally spaced recesses) and an upper frame segment with the inserted pins (here fastened with liquid metal); In addition to the marginal perforation, a reversible (adhesive) fixation supports the process of attaching the transparent memory. The rail frame with non-slip inserts ( 45 ) (here: hard rubber) is an alternative to pin assignment; Possibility to insert transparent memory card rulers; a simple alternative is the reversible (adhesive fixing) on a completely closed frame (see 38 ; lower + upper part).

The illustrated transparent storage frame ( 38, 43 ) can be replaced by additional mounting of another, horizontal rail guide on the outside or by changing the vertical rail guide ( 38 a-c) (for example: half-dovetail guide) inserted guide rails ( 40, 42 ) and falling out of these rails counteract open rail frame ( 8 ) effectively under load).

The guide rails allow the use of a transparent memory frame for the possible, combinative use of the lower (bottom rail), ( 31, 33 ) and the upper ( 31 ′, 33 ) (top rail) double rails via inserted transparent memory markings / matrices; For this purpose, the fixed transparent memory and the independently movable double rails are slidably positioned to each other.

Under the evaluation table, a room ( 111 ) is useful for carrying the necessary transparent storage / data sheets, as well as for supporting the local use of this precision subsystem, which is designed as a robust table version. [In the present, manufactured version, the evaluation table is additionally horizontally displaceable on the base plate; this makes it easy and clear to access the data that can be carried in this room.]

Rail carriage and lens system adapter ring

The rail carriage ( 44 ) shown, inter alia, in FIG. 6 (here still in a schematic design - overhead film / slide) consists of a sufficiently movable in the vertical or 180 ° guide double rail ( 32, 34; 40, 42 ) without (dirty) lubricant feasible, base-side square base plate, ( 500 ) provided with a centrally positioned, circular recess ( 501 ) (thread) and a top view initially wide, ( 503 a) then narrow-edged, ( 503 b) circular double attachment, ( 503 ) in its wide-edged part Guide fine tapped holes ( 505 ) for three long-handled knurled screws ( 507 ) (see above); the (overlying) narrow-rim approach has threaded bores ( 509 ) for fastening studs ( 511 ), which fix an illuminable adapter ring made of transparent material ( 513 ) (see also magnifying glass optics (III.3)) in the executable, circular movement (; this means that the ring cannot escape if the wagon tilts).

An adapter segment ( 515 ) which is square on the outside and bottom is fastened in the above-mentioned centrally located recess via a circular attachment part of this segment located on the top and threaded on the outside and inside. On the periphery, it is possible to insert fine-thread bores ( 517 ) for precise, slidable and adjustable adjustment of the carriage in the double rails mentioned above; the associated screws ( 519 ) connect the base plate of the trolley to the adapter segment.

On this adapter segment (see subsystems) or directly on the base plate of the car (see complete systems) there is a steel ring ( 521 ) that can be finely adjusted using the knurled screws for localized reception of new lens systems (for replacing a precisely preset lens optics) in the range of a few millimeters freely positionable; In addition to the (three) drill openings ( 523 ) for the passage of the attachment ends of the knurled screws, openings ( 525 ) are provided which allow light to pass through or prevent it - after a slight rotational movement of the lighting ring.

(This ring is in the conception of the three-quarter ring segment has been dispensed with since no rotational movement of the (over Pin) firmly connected to the adapter ring segment was wanted; the blunt ends of the knurled screws grip directly - noticeable - in those places on the outer surface of the used Lens optics, on which no window for light entry in the transparent jacket is inserted / applied.)  

In the adapter segment, a circular socket with an outside fine thread is height-adjustable / screw-fastened in the bottom, in which a transparent plate ( 529 ) with markings / (reference) matrix is firmly inserted (here: glued); with integral lens systems see below; exemplary here: cf. Lens optics of different thicknesses) the adapter ring segment is integrated in the transparent jacket (frame).

V-II optical (electronic) digital subsystem B

The basis of this subsystem is a commercial, qualitative one high quality (technical resolution min. +/- 0.1 mm) Drawing board system for hand-controlled digitization under differentiated use of a digital key cursor (to choose is the largest possible coil diameter) and a digital one Pencils.

When planning for this subsystem, it was important that the the following additions no permanent changes to the commercially available system for electronic data processing manually Require imported data, so that exclusively these adaptive additions (separately) to a possible transport (for example for use on several systems within one Building complex (hospital; institute)) may be subject and the stationary overall system used in each case (computer, Printer / plotter etc.) of a commercially available system unchanged (without functional restrictions) other uses quickly can be available. It is important in this context quick assembly and also easy to carry out Disassembly of the individual connected with this part of the system  Components. Furthermore, the individual segments should interlock that a waiver of functional parts that are not required in the situation (see below: Lighting segment for working in darkened Clearing and / or when using strong magnifications with very small focal lengths of associated lenses) is possible.

In the simplest case, an interchangeable, basically printable, hardboard support of low thickness (1 mm; see above) can be used as a (not obligatory) support, to be coordinated with those of the support / insert for evaluation table 6 of subsystem I.

The segment corresponding to the rail carriage of the system subunit I is formed by a ("three-quarter") ring base segment ( 400 ). For the stability of this part made of transparent material (here: acrylic glass), a metal inner ring ( 402 ) is screwed on from above. In this metal inner ring, fine-thread bores ( 404 ) for three long-stemmed (easily accessible and easily rotatable) adjusting knurled screws ( 406 ), which are guided over the metal bores, are inserted at mutually equiangular intervals (120 °). On the underside of this ring segment, there is the possibility of using a hard rubber ring ( 408 ) which can be inserted deeply, to move the underlying, matrix-printed / marked transparent memory by moving the ring segment, including the magnifying lens optics selected and precisely aligned in this situation.

The second, supplementary ring-shaped part, a transparent adapter ring segment ( 410 ) which can be reversibly plugged and illuminated directly onto the coil holder of the digital cursor, is under III.3. described, with insertable pin ( 412 ) (optical subsystems); Cork attachment ( 414 ) for clipping onto the coil holder of the key cursor.

V-III central analysis / storage unit c.1 1. + 2.

Transparent supports of different formats, thickness and surface quality) (see Fig. 26, AN, 700/701) are / are to be used for direct (non-moving, applied foils) and / or directed (coded) documentation and interpretation. A documentation process can be defined by one (or more) metal pens / pencils, of different strengths - with simultaneous marking of the transparent memory (s) and! the recording (s) to be analyzed - also defined by colored pencil-bound point marking (s), also of different thickness - on transparent memory or! the record (s) to be analyzed - be limited; it is (computer / print / photo) technical - only limited to transparent memory (including slides, microfishes).

A simple solution to the required metal pins of defined (different) thickness are the commercially available, hardened, tapered steel wires of defined thickness (starting with a diameter of 0.2 mm), which have a cylindrical or widening thickening at different heights ( Examples: cf. 702, 703, 705 ), can be inserted into the also commercially available, easy-to-carry crayons for pencil leads of a defined thickness. Depending on the thickness of the material to be penetrated and the specified and / or (via the digital, software-based calculation, casually) matrices, a "needle" is to be selected and inserted into the pen tip, which is freed from the pencil lead.

V.C.2.:3. Magnifying glasses (objective) optics

Two interchangeable solutions that are simple in terms of handling and effort Magnifying optics are found in many interim solutions:

1. Overall systems

Complete lens systems, each consisting of an aplanar lens optic ( 64 ) and an interchangeable and removable reference control matrix ( 66 ) lying directly on the transparent memory by means of a fixed connection through a differentially designed jacket ( 82 ) (frame) made of transparent material that is inexpensive to manufacture .

The mounted magnifying glass optic is adjustable in height via a fine thread. The lower part of the system must be made of transparent material (here: cylindrical acrylic glass ring), so that a light introduction possible from the outside to the internal reference control matrix is. (The prerequisite for passing on and giving off the light on a circularly movable with markings around the lens frame visible segment is taken into account in the construction.) Milling lines can be connected in the transparent material be introduced with a circular groove (bayonet lock), to prevent the unfixed, in the rail carriages can be rotated around the vertical axis to prevent (objective) optics of subsystem I. At the bottom One third of the transparency ring is also a circular groove turned on the outside, in which the blunt pin ends of the three Adjusting knurled screws guide the rotation of the magnifying glass system accompany and the (described, possible) falling out help avoid the system that cannot be fixed, not mandatory - adapter plug ring (plug sleeve with one - sided  Threaded attachment for attachment on the camera side) - as a lens attachment

2. Subsystems

Complete lens systems ( 64 ) each consisting of a plane, magnifying glass with a fine thread in a differentially designed transparent jacket ( 82 ) and a magnifying lens optic and a reversible separable one (for example, by means of an inserted pen) with a corresponding recess in the bottom of the attachable transparent jacket (lens holder) , a ring with (here :) glued, transparent, faceplate ( 66 ) with markings on the bottom can be used directly in the height-adjustable adapter ring ( 65 ).

3. Lighting device

Via a lateral light entry surface 92, the incident light into the transparent adapter ring segment may enter and illuminate the light exit surface on the set section of the strip material to be evaluated. With the exception of the light entry surface and the light exit surface, the uncovered outer surfaces of the acrylic glass ring segment must be completely covered or polished with acrylic lacquer. The ring-shaped lamp fastening ( 199 ) here is fenestrated and in this way only allows the light to enter in a narrow field ( 201 ) while preventing light from escaping elsewhere. The lamp holder ( 203 ) directly attached to the window ( 201 ) and made of only limited heat-conducting, transparent (illuminable) material (here: acrylic glass) enables safe, manual gripping and rotatable movement of the barrel around the horizontal axis by approximately 180 ° degrees of angle (thumb) can be rotated in two differently designed rings ( 205 , cylindrical transparent segments ( 207 ) with recesses for air circulation (here: acrylic glass) - covered at least half-arched with varnish: the uncovered, recessed areas ( 213 ) are surface-treated to optimize the light radiation. Openings For the air circulation ( 209 ) are brought in. The lighting means is a low-voltage halogen lamp ( 211 ) (max. 12 V-20 W), which is connected to the mains via a transformer or receives power by means of a rechargeable battery, further: screw fixing 217 ; Hole for attaching the halogen bulb socket.

VI. Sandwich baby system

In areas for which a relatively low magnification (max. 3.5 times) seems sufficient, but also recorded for decoding Data and for undocumented (clinical) immediate diagnosis Coded analysis transparency units in higher magnification ranges (Transparent memory) can be a pocket version of the above described device are used.

VI.1 Structure

The pocket mini system consists of one or - adaptively interlocking - several, optically usable transparent bodies ( 299 ) (see III.3b) that lie flat on the bottom and are made of easily processable material (here: acrylic glass), the (the) - on the top arched - at least one 10845 00070 552 001000280000000200012000285911073400040 0002004101951 00004 10726 parallel (here: cylindrical) recess ( 293 ) has (t) (en). Within these recesses, pins ( 297 ) for the adaptive plug connection of adjacent, selectable (kit) interchangeable segments of the same or / and different magnification ranges (s) / reference matrices / markings are slidably inserted. A total of four measuring and calculation short bars ( 303, 304; 303 ′, 304 ′ ) (see also: "graphical analysis staff"; subsystem I) are to be attached to each segment, which can be slid on the outside and are adjustable independently of one another and adjustable to the transparent body by means of markings applied / inserted ; the bottom two; Rails ( 304; 304 ′) lying on the bottom have recesses in the middle for receiving non-slip inserts ( 306 ) (e.g. hard rubber) (see also: three-quarter ring base segment; supplementary elements - subsystem II). Adjacent to the markings ( 37 ) of the strips, markings (m 3 ) are to be made on the surface of the light-conducting transparent body ( 299 ).

The four bar segments are designed at both ends (A, B, C, D) so that they Interactively and stably intermesh in a network of several transparent bodies can. The light conduction of the segments can thereby be increased be that to the two opposite outer sides of the transparent body through additional surface processing (e.g. sandblasting) an enlargement of the light-absorbing / -transmitting / -releasing area is reached. The distance of the Outer edges of the top two, which can be moved in the transparent body Rail segments is - for use in the vertical or 180 ° guide double rail - With the inner-edge distance of the above Coordinate double rail guide.

In order to be able to graphically determine and compare parameters of interest, for example, of the same distance over a larger distance, in a 2 × 180 degree radius, up to three further pins ( 300 ) which can be pushed into one another at the ends (the length of a pocket-sized section each) can be connected to one another by to guide at least one continuous recess ( 293 ) made laterally in a ring ( 308 ) made of transparent material and having a larger-diameter recess ( 295 ) on both sides. The nested pins can have markings (M 1 , 2 ). Markings can be applied on the outside and / or on the outside; on the outside there is again an enlargement of the surface (for improved light absorption) in the (here) part (currently finally) manufactured - sandblasted.

A mushroom-shaped transparent segment ( 301 ) (e.g. acrylic glass, glass) - rotatable through 360 ° - is inserted into this ring (see also: 180 ° - guide rail). Underneath and on the outside, (ir) reversibly applied markings / matrices (360 °; M 3 ) can be coordinated with possible markings on the transparent ring.

VI.2. Properties and functions

Properties and functions largely correspond to those of the Main unit; the following are essential:

properties

• 1. Lightweight construction (here: aluminum / acrylic glass)
• 2. inexpensive, editable material properties of the used, illuminable, optical transparent body (here: Acrylic glass)
• 3. very low manufacturing costs fewer items from inexpensive Material (here: aluminum / acrylic glass / hard rubber)
• 4. low material stress with sufficiently good sliding properties to use the moving, interlocking parts without the need to add dirty lubricants (here: aluminum / acrylic glass)

Functional aspects

• 5. Possibility of universal use of one or more transparent bodies (un) same magnification ranges (based on Application area the (ir) reversible bottom of the transparent body and selected transparent memory (s) used applied markings / matrix (ces)), without and in Cooperation with the main device (via insertion into the vertical and 180 ° double guide rail)
• 6. Possibility for reversible fixing of a / (lying side by side) several transparent memory (s) with matrices / markings
• 7. Possibility for quick use of modules (adaptive)  quickly assembled and exchangeable transparent body
• 8. Possibility of additive coupling of different, with each other interchangeable rail sections (including those on markings applied to them) (Possibility of quick, mutual analysis of several, spaced Point parameters through mutual use (movable Positioning) of the transparent body and the Transparent segment

VI.3. to use the mini system VI.3.1 Prepare the system

• 1. Assemble the required (bottom side firmly on the transparent bodies and in the rail segments applied / inserted matrices / markings
• 2. Selection of the required transparent memory (s) and the interesting sections of the (photo) graphic record to be analyzed
• 3. Assemble the transparent bodies (As a ruler, for example, three in a row Body) and - if required - the one that can be moved through 360 ° Pins

VI.3.2 Analysis

• 4. Apply the record to be analyzed on a flat surface (texture according to  Type of marking selected)
• 5. Put on one / more (adaptively to one another Ruler connected) optical transparent body (s) on the section of interest (ROI - region of interest)
• 6. Move / position the Transparent body (s) / - composite on the to be analyzed Recording or / and the transparent memory (s); the bottom in the two lower, movable Rails made of non-slip material (here: hard rubber) fix in position; thereby the lower two rails on the same or on two different - now movable parallel to each other - Documents are transported. Now there will be an interaction the transparent body of a composite with those of another individual body or body composite possible. The positioning can also be inside the vertical rails, 180 ° guide rail of the drawing board system.
• 7. Mark - the bottom rail segment (in the connector system) are by means of light, below / outside applied pressure with the hand edge firmly in position fixed to the pad manually while the second hand Transparent body (composite) moved laterally - 1st marking process

Use of accessories

• 8.Insert the 360 ° pin (es) / - composite into the provided in the transparent body Opening; Mating a clamping approach (; in the network several transparent bodies must have the corresponding longitudinal ones Recesses must be positioned one behind the other; the The clamping attachment is placed in one of the transparent bodies positioned on the outside clamped in position (corresponding recess))
• 9. Position the aligned in the pin assembly movable, circular adapter ring segment; Correction of Position after using the mushroom-shaped, 360 ° movable Segment
• 10. Removal of the mushroom-shaped segment - 2nd marking process (Repetition of points 5 to 11 to continue the analysis)

III.H application example

The circles in FIGS. 17a to 17d represent the section of the sonography curve profile in the top view that can be seen over the optical part of the lens system, consist of the eyepiece ring 66 , the aspherical lens unit 64 and the reticle 112. A curve part is designated by the letter K. .

First, the measurement is carried out according to the "leading edge" method, for example to determine the turning point of a continuous function, ROI (region of interest) is the boundary line between the one-dimensional representation of the left cavity (light) and the adjacent posterior endocardium (dark; contiguous Line of varying strength) at the time of the maximum, diastolic endocardium relaxation - the first turning point during the endocardial retraction movement - recorded in the continuously written M-mode echocardiographic, left-parasternal longitudinal section. It is found as soon as the upper and - on the contralateral side - lower tenths of a millimeter horizontal axis marking intersect the boundary line through the center of the reticle at equal intervals. (b 1 , b 2 Fig. 17d). The intersection of the boundary line with the tenths of a millimeter vertical axis marking shifted from the center-centered vertical axis should be at a paper feed speed of 100 mm / sec. enable a direct reading of the endocardial retraction speed over a millisecond at the set measuring point. When reading, it is important that, for example, the line marks of the end points of the two tenths of a millimeter horizontal axes located in the upper and lower half of the reticle are to be located in the spaces between the double line markings 110 and the center-centered horizontal axis is the interruption of the vertical double line markings ( see eyepiece ring).

It follows (in this very simple application example):

• 1. Find the desired measuring point by visual extrapolation under lens control
• 2. Direct, comparative reading of the set value via the markings on the transparent memory
• 3. Mark the set value

Repeating the process at least ten times creates a measuring point cloud; the comparison to the previous investigations - the position of the measuring points in the matrix and to that of the previous ones carried out comparison measurements - enables the desired here intraindividually and interindividually comparative follow-up examination to the disease.

Claims (28)

1. Device for optical-manual-digital, graphically mediated data processing and processing for carrying out quantitative measurements, documentation, data storage and directly readable, reproducible statements from points of interest, point sequences and distances, in particular moving and difficult to distinguish structures from graphically Documented individual and follow-up examinations characterized by the double execution of an analysis device made of interchangeable magnifying optics ( Fig. 1-5; ( 10 ); 11-13) and one or more, adapted to the degree of required or desired resolution and the type of practical application . flat data storage (s) and storage unit (s) ( Fig. 26) made of transparent material of different formats, thickness and nature, casually selectable and usable, individually and in combination. 2. Method for optical-manual-digital, graphically mediated Data processing and processing for the implementation of quantitative Measurements, documentation, data storage and direct reading, reproducible statements from points of interest, Point sequences and distances, especially moving and difficult from each other definable structures from graphically documented Individual and follow-up examinations, individually and in combination marked by  the professional creation of personnel, factual and situation-related Directionally usable transparent templates for interpreting, graphic or / and (electronic) digital coupling validated and standardized (norm) data and situational Individual data, individually and in the course of several analyzes, connected with the possibility of direct, simultaneous (identical) Identification (marking (s)) of the individual data on the data to be evaluated (photo) graphic recording / presentation further characterized by supplementary sub-functions of the process, which are very simple Possibility to expand scientifically usable information from (photo) graphic representations using the objective optical properties of the system in combination with others Systems. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the versions for magnifying optics from one or more aplanar lens system (s) ( 64 ) each defined, high-resolution! Starch (<4-fold) consists, each encased (encased) in a cylindrical body ( 82 ) which can be designed differently, made of light-conducting and transparent material which is inexpensive to manufacture. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the mounted, aplanar lens systems ( 64 ) can be used for fine adjustment / focusing via a fine thread cut into the transparent jacket ( 82 ), selectable without and in conjunction with a bottom side in the transparent jacket to be fastened, contained, transparent plate ( 66 ) with applied markings and possible, height-adjustable fine thread. 5. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the transparent sockets ( 82 ) of the lens systems used on the outside of differently designed milling paths (B 1 , B 2 ; F 1 , F 2 ) (bayonet closure) can have a falling out of the lens optics used ( 64 ) without ignoring the intended use of an inserted lens (objective) optics (fast exchange, stability, security). 6. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the The inside diameter of the transparent jacket depends on the amount largest diameter of lenses to be used (objective) systems and the outside diameter to be standardized, the quick attachment one (photo) adapter sleeve allowed on all systems to be used. 7. Einrichtugn according to claim 3, characterized in that the transparent material used has low-technical, structural surface connections to optimize light absorption and emission and at the same time reduce possible light emission on unwanted surfaces; In all of the system parts presented here, the light is taken in from the side ( Fig. 1-6, 11-13) and from the inside ( Fig. 7; 10), and the rejection (downwards / inwards and outwards and upwards Fig. 1-6, 11 -13) and outwards ( Fig. 7; 10). 8. Device according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that the lens system optics as total or subsystems (leaving behind an adapter ring ( 65 ) with reference matrix) ( 66 ) are largely compatible with one another and can be used independently of natural light. 9. Device according to claim 1, 3, 8, characterized in that a low-voltage halogen lighting device ( Fig. 10) can be inserted adaptively on / over the mutually compatible lens systems and at the same time the possibility of alternating or bilateral illumination of parts of the Lens optics ( 64 ) and larger parts of the overlay (photo) graphic representation ( 99 ) is given. 10. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the other of the two versions for magnifying optics consists of flat bodies lying flat on the bottom, barrel-shaped or spherically curved transparent bodies (segments) ( 299; 301 ), alone and in the possible (longitudinally) stable but reversible ( Steck) Compound with other bodies (segments) made of inexpensive, transparent material, provided with markings (360 °; M 3 ) that can correspond to other, movable markings (M 1 ; M 3 ). 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the transparent body ( 299 ) mutually independently longitudinally displaceable, with markings ( 37 ) and in the transparent body ( 299 ) laterally displaceable ledges ( 303; 304; 303 ', 304' ) for measurement and Show calculation, combined with the possibility of one or more floor / outside attached (low) non-slip (r), slightly crushable inserts (s) ( 306 ) (e.g. made of hard rubber ), for short-term fixation of one or more of the support (s) on the rails ( 304; 304 ′ ). 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the rails ( 303, 304; 303 ', 304' ) have mutually complementary recesses ( 303 A, 303 B; 304 B), so that comparable rails (segments) previously Use selected, adjacent transparent bodies ( 299 ) to interlock. 13. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the transparent body ( 299 ) and the 360 ° guide ring segment ( 308 ); has at least one continuous recess ( 293 ) with double-ended, uniform recesses ( 295 ) for receiving a guide bar ( 300 ) which can be locked in the body (here: reversible by means of a plug-in adapter ( 302 )) 14. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that the guide bar consists of a few, adaptively nested, in a jacket / coat pocket easy to carry segments ( 300 ), provided with markings (m 1 , m 2 (in Fig. 5 M 1 , 2)) for determining one-dimensional position changes of at least one guided body (299 or 301/308) to the base or to a different, separate and apart lying guided bodies (299 and 301/308). 15. Device according to claim 10 and 14, characterized in that a (mushroom) dome-shaped, 360 ° angularly movable transparent segment ( 301 ) guided in a transparent adapter ring ( 308 ) can be inserted through the at least one recess ( 293 ) with attached on both sides , uniform recesses ( 295 ) for receiving a guide bar (n × 300) which can be locked in the body at all times, without impeding the guided circular movement of the inserted segment. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that a (ver) non-slip insert ( 306 ) is reversibly inserted in the bottom / outside of the transparent adapter ring ( 308 ). 17. The device according to claim 10 and 15, characterized in that a transparent body ( 299 ) two in the surface modified (enlarged), opposite (cut) surfaces and the adapter ring ( 308 ) at least one outside, increased surface area (z. B. sandblasted) surface. 18. Device according to claim 1, 10 and 11, characterized in that the optical transparent body ( 299 ) including the longitudinally displaceable strips ( 303, 304; 303 ', 304' ) have external dimensions, which are guided in the guide double rails ( 32, 34; 40, 42 ) of a rail car system (1A) (table version) allow, while preserving the possibilities of expanded and comparative measurement and calculation (see, inter alia, top and bottom rail ( 31 ′, 33 ′; 31, 33 ) and as general and self-sufficient usable, individually portable (pocket version) and anytime usable alternative to the complex, but high-resolution lenses (precision) optics (- system in the system -). 19. The device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that a light-conducting, arc-shaped transparent segment ( 400 ) (see. Accessory basic unit 1 B) for the adjustable inclusion of interchangeable lens and (dome-shaped) magnifying optics ( Fig. 2-5; ( 10 ) ; 11-13) can also be used for adaptive use of a commercially available digital key cursor, which - unchanged - can be connected to an optic via an adapter ring ( 410 ). 20. Device according to claim 19, characterized in that in the arcuate segment ( 400 ) bottom / outside a (ver) non-slip insert ( 408 ) is reversibly inserted. 21. Device according to claim 19, characterized in that an arcuate ring segment ( 404 ) for stabilizing the transparent material ( 400 ) and for differentiated guidance (fine thread) of the outside to be operated, long-handled (adjusting) knurled screws ( 406 ) is attached. 22. The device according to claim 19, characterized in that the surface of the segment ( 400 ) has surface-enlarged (z. B. sandblasted) surfaces that serve for light absorption, transmission and emission and areas that minimize light absorption and emission ( e.g. polished surfaces) or prevent them (e.g. paint cover). 23. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a rail carriage ( 44 ) for receiving interchangeable magnifying glasses (lenses) optics ( Fig. 2-5; 11-13) displaceably in rails ( 32, 34; 40, 42 ) - readjustable - is guided and the assembly (via fine thread) of adjustable knurled screws ( 507 ) is possible. 24. Device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that in the creation and / or extension and / or transmission of transparent templates ( Fig. 26) pens with different in type and diameter marker tips are used to identify the punctiform (part) data. 25. The device according to claim 24, characterized in that for the creation of transparent stencils, additions and transfer punctiform punching marks can be made by hardened steel wire segments ( 702, 703, 705 ), which are in commercially available, diameter-predefined mine pressure pens (z. B. commercially available fine pencils ) after removing the lead in the front lead part / at the tip of the pen are reversibly inserted / fastened. 26. Device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that a rail frame system (see. Accessory base unit 1A) can be used, consisting of

• - a rectangular / square base plate ( 2 ) and evaluation table ( 6 ) for supporting the (photo) graphic representation ( 99 ),
• - a rectangular rail frame ( 8 ), above the base plate ( 2 ),
• - spaced, outer horizontal rails ( 18, 20 ) which are arranged horizontally displaceably in the rail frame ( 8 ),
• - spaced, on the outside of the horizontal rails arranged vertical double rail (32, 34) and connection termination strip (32/34 a),
• - spaced, inner horizontal rails ( 22, 24 ) which are arranged horizontally displaceably in the rail frame ( 8 ) and are movable independently of the outer horizontal rails ( 18, 20 ),
• - a semi-circular movable guide double rail ( 40, 42 ),
• - a transparent storage frame ( 38, 43 ) which can be inserted into the vertical double rail ( 32, 34 ) and / or into the 180 ° guide double rail ( 40, 42 ),
• - two in each case in the direction of the (photo) graphic representation / recording ( 99 ) which can be inserted independently of one another and horizontally movable double rails ( 13 - 15 ), 13 ′ - 15 ′ ) for measurement and evaluation purposes,
• - the rail car ( 44 )
• - A device ( 12, 13, 115, 117, 119 ) for lifting the frame ( 8 ) from the base plate ( 2 )
• - Transparent rulers ( 17 ) for cutting, adjusting and supporting the adhesive fixation of the insertable material ( 99 )
• - markings ( 37 , m 1 -m 3 )
• - storage space ( 111 )

27. The device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the transparent memory to be used (graphic discs; Fig. 26 AN; 700/701 ) can have mark (s) / matrix (ces) and alone and in combination for data search, measurement , Calculation, (directional) marking (storage, coding) and transfer (digital processing, image data transfer), as well as for interpretation; are to be used, including as follows:

• a) direct (punch) marking of the set point data -
• b) Use of the punched hole marking for the defined placement of the pen tip of a digital pencil for digital input (reading), especially of larger amounts of data -
• c) printing out an extended / newly revised (created) "graphic disc" -
• d) Use of this digitally created (modified) transparent memory to carry out further analysis processes by directly placing the transparent memory on the (photo) graphic representation / recording to be evaluated -
• e) Providing one or more transparent memories (s) to continue the process a) -d) at another location, among other things without the need to send the evaluated representations / recordings -
• f) image data transfer by repeatedly placing the transparent memory on the analyzed original; using other photographic systems (e.g. CCD camera, still video system), the set section (s) are transmitted to another location without any time delay; Markings / matrices of the transparent memory are used by the recipient to calibrate the image section (s) and as an aid to interpretation -

28. Device according to claim 27, characterized in that joined-together transparent memories can have different possibilities for separation and insertion / support in the guide rails ( 38; 43; 22, 24 ).