DE3728008A1 - Actuating device for movable parts for optionally closing and releasing openings, in particular of sliding/lifting roofs of motor vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes an actuating device for movable parts for optionally closing and releasing openings, in particular for the covers of sliding/lifting roofs of motor vehicles, having a motor drive for the movable part and having an actuating device for bringing the drive into operation if required. In this arrangement, the input of commands for the position which the movable part is to adopt in each case takes place by means of a device which assigns a defined digital signal to each position and which is connected to a system which processes digital signals. In order to be able to control the position of the movable part irrespective of temperature fluctuations, the invention provides that the movable parts can be moved into n differential spatial positions relative to the opening, that the digital device for the input of commands provides at least n digital signals, and that there is provided a position-recognition device which converts the respective mechanical positions of the motor drive into digital signals and feeds them to the system which processes digital signals.

Description

The invention relates to an actuating device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such an actuator is already known (DE-OS 33 24th 107). The disadvantage here, however, is that the movable part with the help of a drive controlled by an analog control loop continuously in all possible positions. Because of the inevitable temperature differences between setpoint and actual value transmitter depending on the location of the installation location the analog control loop is prone to failure. Those occurring in a vehicle Temperature differences can cause a control deviation that causes the actuator to move in a direction other than the desired direction running.

The object of the invention is therefore one of temperature fluctuations uninfluenced control of the position of a movable part to make.

This object is achieved according to the characterizing features of the patent claim 1 solved.  

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below. Show it

FIG. 1a is a sliding-tilting roof in a first position,

FIG. 1b a sunroof in a second position,

FIG. 1c is a sunroof in a third position,

Fig. 2a shows an upper ridge sliding roof in a first position,

Fig. 2b is a top First sunroof in a second position,

Fig. 2c is a top First sunroof in a third position,

Fig. 3a a sliding roof in a first position,

FIG. 3b is a sliding roof in a second position,

FIG. 3c a sunroof in a third position,

FIG. 4a is a block diagram for the control of the stepwise positioning of a movable member for closing and releasing of openings,

FIG. 5a is a rotary switch for adjusting various positions of a sliding-lifting roof,

Fig. 5b is a schematic illustration of an arrangement for encoding the respective setpoint position of a sliding-lifting roof,

Fig. 5c is a tabular assignment of positions of a sliding-lifting roof for words of a hexa-decimal code,

FIG. 6a is a rotary switch for adjusting various positions of an upper ridge sliding roof,

Fig. 6b is a schematic representation of an arrangement for encoding the respective desired position of a sliding roof upper ridge,

Fig. 6c a tabular assignment of positions of the sliding roof upper ridge to words of a hexa-decimal code,

Fig. 7a is a rotary switch for adjusting various positions of a sliding roof,

FIG. 7b is a schematic illustration of an arrangement for encoding the respective desired position of a sliding roof,

Fig. 7c shows a tabular assignment of positions of a sliding roof for a hexa-decimal code words,

Fig. 8 an electric motor drive for a movable member for closing and releasing of openings,

Fig. 9 is an enlarged and fragmentary sectional view of the, in FIG. Electromotive drive shown 8, wherein an encoder disk in plan view can be seen

Fig. 10 is a sectional side view of the drive shown in FIG. 9,

FIG. 11a is a detail illustration of the coding, in FIGS. 9 and encoder disk shown 10, wherein said coding is provided for the position detection of a sliding-lifting roof

Fig. 11b is a schematic illustration of an arrangement of the respective coding for the actual position of a sliding-lifting roof,

Fig. 11c is a tabular assignment of positions of a sliding-lifting roof for words of a hexa-decimal code,

FIG. 12a is a detailed view of a Codierschiebe for position detection in an upper ridge roof,

Fig. 12b is a schematic illustration of an arrangement of the respective coding for the actual position of a sliding roof upper ridge,

Fig. 12c is a tabular assignment of positions of the sliding roof upper ridge to words of a hexa-decimal code,

FIG. 13a is a detailed view of an encoder for the position detection for a sliding roof,

Fig. 13b is a schematic illustration of an arrangement of the respective coding for the actual position of a sliding roof,

Fig. 13c is a tabular assignment of positions of a sliding roof for a hexa-decimal code words,

Fig. 14 an arrangement for reducing the speed of an electric motor drive,

Fig. 15 is a representation of the motor current over the time,

Fig. 16 an arrangement for automatic closing of a roof in a motor vehicle upon actuation of a door lock contact.

In Figs. 1a to 1c a sunroof is shown in different positions. The roof cutout 1 of a vehicle roof 2 is assigned a cover 3 which fits into the roof cutout and is sealed off from the roof cutout edges by a peripheral edge gap seal 4 . Fig. 1a shows the lid 3 in its maximum lifting or swiveling position, Fig. 1b shows the lid 3 in its closed position, and Fig. 1c shows the lid 3 in an intermediate sliding position. The cover 3 is slidably supported on each side of the roof cutout on a guide rail 5 by means of a front sliding element 6 and a rear sliding element 7 . The guide rails 5 are attached to a sunroof frame (not shown) surrounding the roof cutout 1 from below.

Pivot axes 8 provided on the front sliding elements enable pivoting movements of the cover 3 relative to the vehicle roof 2 . The cover 3 is actuated by actuating elements (not shown) acting on the two rear sliding elements 7 . These can be the flexible threaded cables customary in such roofs, which are accommodated on the guide rails 5 in a pressure-resistant and displaceable manner. The rear sliding elements 7 engage with a guide pin 9 in the associated slot of a guide link 10 which controls the cover movements. In the example shown, these two lateral guide links 10 also establish the connection to the cover 3 and, at the same time, serve to attack the swivel axes 8 with an extension that is guided forward.

When the cover 3 is closed or raised up, there is a water baffle 11 below the rear edge of the roof cutout 1 , which is controlled in a manner not to be explained here by the movement of the rear sliding elements 7 and the guide link 10 , whereby it moves the sliding movements of the cover 3 follows.

As can be seen, the cover 3 can be issued starting from its closed position either in the manner of a front-hinged ventilation flap by lifting its rear edge or, also starting from its closed position, after lowering its rear edge under the fixed rear roof surface of the vehicle roof.

In FIGS. 2a to 2c, an upper ridge sunroof is shown in different positions. Here, too, a cover 3 is suitably assigned to a roof cutout 1 of a vehicle roof 2 . The cover 3 is displaceable with front sliding elements 6 on both sides of the roof cutout on guide rails (not shown) and at the same time is pivotably guided about a pivot axis. In the rear area of the roof section 1 , height-adjustable display elements 12 are arranged, for example threaded telescopes or swivel levers. An embodiment with threaded telescopes is shown schematically. The cover 3 is guided in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle at the upper ends of the display elements 12 .

Because of this arrangement, the cover 3 can be lifted upwards without moving by lifting its rear edge by means of the display elements 12 in the manner of a ventilation flap hinged at the front ( FIG. 2a). Starting from this raised position, the cover 3 can now be moved to the rear, whereby it pushes in front by means of the front sliding elements 6 on the side guide rails in the roof cutout and at the rear at the outer ends of the display elements 12 . Fig. 2b shows an intermediate position, while Fig. 2c illustrates approximately the maximum displacement of the cover 3 to the rear.

The drive means provided in this roof construction can again so-called threaded cables, which are not discussed here Way both the pivoting movement of the lid as well also cause its sliding shift.

FIGS. 3a to 3c show a sunroof in different positions. This sunroof is largely similar to the sunroof, but lacks the opening function. Also, in this roof structure, a cover 3 closes (Fig. 3a) in its closed position the roof opening 1 a vehicle roof 2. The cover 3 is guided on both sides of the roof section on a respective guide rail 5 by means of front sliding elements 6 and rear sliding elements 7 . The front sliding elements 6 allow the pivoting movement required for lowering the rear edge of the cover ( FIG. 3b). In the example shown, the lowering of the rear edge of the cover is made possible by guide links 13 located on the rear sliding elements 7 , in each of which a guide pin 14 attached to the cover 3 engages in the movement-controlling slots. Of course, the guide pins 14 and the guide link 13 also ensure that the cover 3 can be raised again from its lowered position illustrated in FIG. 3b into the closed position illustrated in FIG. 3a.

In this roof construction too, the adjusting means, for example, in turn flexible and pressure-resistant threaded cables guided on the guide rails, engage the rear sliding elements 7 . Starting from the lowered position ( Fig. 3b), the cover 3 can be moved under the rear fixed roof surface of the vehicle roof 2 . The Fig. 3c shows a slide intermediate position.

In FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a device for the control of a movable part, such. B. the lid, a sunroof, a sunroof a top ridge sunroof or the like. With 15 an electric motor is designated, which drives a movable part, which is not shown. The desired target position of the movable part is determined with a device 16 for the input of commands, while the actual actual position of this part is determined by a position detection device 17 . Both devices 16, 17 are connected to a microcomputer 18 , which controls the electric motor 15 via a driver output stage 19 on the basis of the input data supplied to it. In addition, the microcomputer 18 controls a device 20 for reducing the speed of the electric motor 15 . The current of the electric motor 15 is detected by a sensor 21 and supplied to the microcomputer 18 as a digital signal. An information exchange can take place between the microcomputer 18 and a self-holding device 22 , wherein the self-holding device 22 can simultaneously control a voltage supply 23 which supplies the microcomputer 18 with electrical energy.

Furthermore, the microcomputer 18 is connected to a protective circuit 24 , which in turn is connected to a door contact 25 , a lock 26 and a lock indicator 27 .

The microcomputer 18 has, in a known manner, a microprocessor, a device for clock generation and a reset logic circuit, which are not shown in detail in FIG. 4. The voltage supply 23 can be fed from a network; however, it is usually permanently connected to a battery via a connection 28 . If the ignition is switched on, a signal reaches the self-holding device 22 via a connection 29 , which switches through the voltage supply 23 and applies the operating voltage to the microcomputer 18 . The microcomputer 18 in turn now activates the self-holding device 22 .

After the initialization of the microcomputer 18 , the devices 16 and 17 are continuously queried by the microprocessor for their position information, which are then compared with one another. If a certain desired position of the movable part is entered with the aid of the device 16 , the microcomputer 18 controls the electric motor 15 via the driver output stage 19 in the corresponding direction until the actual position which is detected by the device 17 the target position matches.

With certain positional movements of the movable part, it is expedient that the electric motor 15 reduces its speed and at the same time maintains its torque. To achieve this, a special device 20 for speed reduction is provided.

If the moving part is blocked by external influences during its movement, the microcomputer continuously adjusts to reach the predetermined target position, which, however, cannot be reached. The consequence of this is that the current through the electric motor 15 increases. In order to determine this current increase, the current sensor 21 is provided, which reports the overcurrents to the microcomputer 18 , which then switches off the driver stage 19 .

After removing the ignition key, the control of the moving part remains fully functional. If the door contact 25 is then closed, the movable part automatically moves from any position into the position in which the opening is closed. In this way, e.g. B. prevents leaving the roof open after leaving a vehicle. After the opening is closed, the microcomputer 18 automatically switches off the voltage supply 23 via the self-holding device 22 , so that the battery is no longer loaded.

However, the automatic closing of the opening can be deliberately prevented by actuating the lock 26 . When the lock 26 is activated, the lock indicator 27 lights up, which is designed here as a light-emitting diode. Only the self-holding is now released via the door contact 25 , and the movable part remains in the preselected position. The entire control system is only reactivated when the ignition is switched on.

The input of the target position will be explained for a sliding-tilting roof with reference to FIGS. 5a to 5c. FIG. 5a shows a preselection switch 30 which can be turned clockwise and counterclockwise, taking up to fifteen latching positions, which is represented by the symbols 31, 32 . Various pictograms 33, 34, 35 are shown above the preselection switch, which indicate the position of the sunroof when the preselection switch is turned in a certain direction.

In FIG. 5b is shown in principle, how the respective position of Vorwählschalters is converted into a digital information 30. The preselection switch 30 operates four contacts A, B, C, D in each position, each in a different way. Any combination of closed and open contacts means a certain switch position, which in turn indicates a desired position of the movable part. The resistors 36 to 39 are used only for adaptation purposes and are of no importance for the information input. The YES / NO information present on lines 40 to 43 is sent to microcomputer 18 , which processes it.

FIG. 5c shows the hexa decimal code known per se, the assignment of the desired inputs to certain words of the code being evident. "X" denotes a closed switch AD , while those positions where "X" is not indicated indicate an open switch. If the preselection switch 30 is, for example, in a position in which only the contact A is closed while the B, C, D are open, the information given to the microcomputer 18 means "maximum stroke position". Conversely, if switches A and C are closed while switches B and D are open, this means "roof closed". The "maximum sliding position" is indicated by the fact that all contacts A, B, C, D are closed. The remaining combinations of open and closed contacts A, B, C, D indicate intermediate positions.

The input of the nominal position values is explained for an upper ridge sunroof reference to Figs. 6a to 6c. The rotary switch 30 is now surrounded by other symbols 44, 45 and pictograms 46, 47, 48 , which indicate the respective positions of an upper-top sliding roof.

Fig. 6b corresponds to Fig. 5b, so that a detailed explanation can be omitted.

In Fig. 6c, the assignment of the four contacts A to D at certain positions shown in accordance with the hexa-decimal code. The sequence of the combinations of closed and open contacts arranged one below the other corresponds to that of FIG. 5c. Only the assignment of the three code words 000 X , 0 X 0 X , XXXX is now different. Closed contact A with open contacts B, C, D means "roof closed", while closed contacts A, C with open contacts B, D means "roof open" and all closed contacts AD indicate the maximum sliding position.

The input of the nominal position values is explained for a sliding roof with reference to FIGS. 7a to 7c. The rotary switch 30 is now in turn surrounded by other symbols 49 and pictograms 50, 51 , which indicate that when the rotary switch 30 is turned counterclockwise, the sunroof is closed and when the rotary switch 30 is turned clockwise, the sunroof is opened.

FIG. 7b corresponds to FIGS. 5b and 6b, so that it is possible to dispense with a more detailed description.

FIG. 7c shows the assignments already known from FIGS. 5c and 6c, but the combination 000 X means "roof closed", while the combination XXXX indicates the maximum sliding position. All other combinations indicate intermediate positions.

FIG. 8 shows a motor drive 91 for a movable part, which has an electric motor 15 which drives a pinion 53 via a worm gear 52 , which pinion 53 is coupled to the movable part. A device 55 for position detection is flanged to the housing 54 in which the pinion 53 is located.

This device 55 is shown in more detail in FIG. 9. A coding disk 56 can be seen here, which has five coding tracks 57 . Five contacts, which together form a contact comb 58 , lie on these coding tracks 57 . The contact comb 58 in turn rests on a contact carrier plate 59 which is mounted on a housing 60 . Each contact of the contact comb 58 is assigned one of the lines 40 to 43 AD , which are shown in FIGS. 5b, 6b and 7b. The additional line 61 is used for special purposes, eg. B. as a common ground conductor, or can be used when using a different code.

The contact carrier plate 59 preferably consists of a 0.7 mm thick epoxy resin fabric, the coding tracks 57 being designed as copper tracks.

In FIG. 10, the encoder 56 is illustrated once again in a side view. It can be seen here that it is arranged on a control disk 62 which is driven by the electric motor 15 via a gear, not shown in detail.

The position detection by means of the coding disk 56 is explained with reference to FIGS . 11a to 11c. FIG. 11a shows the encoder 56 in the plan view, wherein the conductor tracks 57 are now seen as an individual conductor tracks 63 to 68. All of these conductor tracks, with the exception of conductor tracks 64, 67, are interrupted in accordance with the regulations of a code. When the disk rotates and the ends of the contact comb 58 , not shown, each touch a conductor track, a signal "contact closed" is emitted every time one end slides over a copper-plated point, which is shown in black in FIG. 11a, while a "contact open" signal is emitted when sliding over a non-copper-plated point.

The conductor tracks 64, 67 are not used for coding, but z. B. for grounding. The combinations of all conductor tracks tapped in parallel at a specific point in time form a word of the selected code and are forwarded to the microcomputer 18 .

The positions I to IX, which are arranged around the coding disk 56 , indicate individual words of the code, each word consisting of four parallel binary information.

In FIG. 11b, the contacts A to D are shown with which a code can be realized as an electric signal. This is the same device that has already been explained with reference to FIGS. 5b, 6b and 7b. Instead of coding the setpoint inputs, it is used here to code the actual value outputs.

FIG. 11c shows the allocation of the individual items I to IX to the contact combinations, which are arranged according to the hexa-decimal code and apply to a sliding-lifting roof. It can be seen here that when the ends of the contact comb 58 are in the "maximum stroke position" position ( FIG. 11a), only the contact A is closed.

The further assignments result from the representation of FIG. 11c itself.

FIGS. 12a to 12c show what the assignment of the individual words of a code to specific positions of an upper-top sliding roof can look like. The principle of these assignments has already been explained with reference to FIGS . 11a to 11c, so that there is no need to go into this further. It is only to be noted that, in comparison to FIGS . 11a to 11c, the "roof opened" position replaces the "roof closed" position and the "roof closed" position replaces the "maximum lift position" position.

FIGS. 13a to 13c show the assignment of the words of the hexa-decimal code to the positions of a sliding roof. Two end positions "roof closed" and "maximum sliding position" are provided, between which there are thirteen intermediate positions.

In FIG. 14, the devices are represented 20 and 21 of FIG. 4 in more detail. A device 69 can be seen here, which is controlled by the microcomputer 18 in such a way that it emits a pulse-width-modulated signal which controls an electronic switch 70 . By selecting different distances between the pulses, the switch 70 supplies the motor 15 with more or less electrical current so that its speed can be varied.

The motor 15 is connected to the driver output stage 19 via changeover contacts 71, 72 . These changeover contacts 71, 72 are components of controllable relays 73, 74 which are activated when, for example, the current of the motor 15 exceeds a certain threshold. If the relays 73, 74 are activated, the power supply to the motor 15 is interrupted. A current sensor 75 , which sends a corresponding signal to the microcomputer 18 , determines whether the current is too high.

FIG. 15 illustrates the course of the motor current I _M relative to the time t is. It can be seen here that when switching on, first, an overcurrent I _Ü occurs that exceeds the predetermined threshold 76th So that this switch-on process does not lead to switch-off, the control device is only activated after a time t _E when nominal current I _N flows. Only when this nominal current increases by a current I _K and has reached point 77 is the motor 15 switched off.

The device 22 ( FIG. 4) is shown in more detail in FIG. 16. This device 22 serves, for example, to enable the automatic closing of a sliding / lifting roof into the "roof closed" position by the door lock contact.

There is a battery voltage at the two input terminals 78, 79 of this device 22 , specifically at the terminal 78 and only at the terminal 79 when the ignition has been switched on.

The voltage at the terminal 79 is used to switch on a relay 82 via an OR circuit 80 and a driver stage 81 , the contact 83 of which lies in the current path which is connected to the terminal 78 . If this contact 83 is closed, the battery voltage at the terminal 78 is connected to the voltage supply 23 via a diode. This activates the microcomputer 18 , which in turn emits a self-holding signal to the OR circuit 80 .

At the same time, the microcomputer 18 monitors the presence of an ignition lock signal. If the ignition is switched off, ie the terminal 79 is de-energized, the microcomputer 18 maintains the self-hold until the door lock is actuated. The microcomputer 18 then switches itself off via the relay 82 . When the ignition is switched on again, the sunroof control is put back into operation. If the door lock was not actuated when leaving the vehicle, the microcomputer automatically releases the self-hold after about five to ten minutes.

Claims (14)

1. Actuating device for movable parts for optional closing and opening of openings, in particular sliding sunroofs of motor vehicles, with a motor drive for the movable part and with an actuating device for making the drive effective as required, the input of commands for the position to be taken in each case of the movable part takes place by means of a device which assigns a defined digital signal to each position and which is connected to a system which processes digital signals, characterized in that the movable part ( 3 ) in n different spatial positions relative to the opening ( 1 ) It can be brought about that the digital device ( 16 ) for inputting commands provides at least n digital signals, and that a position detection device ( 17 ) is provided which converts the respective mechanical positions of the motor drive ( 15 ) into digital signals and the system ( 18 ) feed rt that processes digital signals. 2. Actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device ( 16 ), which assigns a defined digital signal to the position to be taken of the movable part, is an analog-to-digital converter. 3. Actuating device according to claim 2, characterized in that the analog-digital converter is a switch ( 30 ) which can take n positions and emits a specific digital signal in each of these positions. 4. Actuating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the switch is a rotary switch ( 30 ). 5. Actuating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the switch is a slide switch. 6. Actuating device according to claim 2, characterized in that the digital signals of the analog-digital converter in hexa decimal code are encoded. 7. Actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that n = 15, wherein m main positions and nm intermediate positions are provided. 6. Actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the digital position detection device ( 17 ) contains an encoder disc ( 56 ) which is connected directly or indirectly to the shaft of the motor drive ( 15 ). 9. Actuating device according to claim 8, characterized in that the shaft of the motor drive ( 15 ) via a gear ( 52 ) drives a pinion ( 53 ) and a control disc ( 62 ), the pinion ( 53 ) with the movable part ( 3rd ) and the control disk ( 62 ) is connected to the coding disk ( 56 ). 10. Actuating device according to claim 8, characterized in that a contact carrier plate ( 59 ) with a mounted contact comb ( 58 ) on the housing ( 60 ) of the motor drive ( 15 ) is provided, the contact comb ( 58 ) with its ends the coding disk ( 56 ) touched. 11. Actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that a device ( 20 ) for reducing the speed of the motor drive ( 15 ) is provided while maintaining the torque. 12. Actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor drive is an electric motor ( 15 ), that a sensor ( 21 ) for detecting the current of this electric motor ( 15 ) is provided, and that a device is provided which, if exceeded a predetermined current of the electric motor ( 15 ) switches off the motor drive. 13. Actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that a device (24, 25) is provided, which guides the movable member (3) automatically "closed opening" position upon actuation of a door lock. 14. Actuating device according to claim 13, characterized in that a locking device ( 24, 26 ) is provided with which the automatic closing of the opening is prevented.