DE3105957A1 - Chirurgische klammer - Google Patents
Chirurgische klammerInfo
- Publication number
- DE3105957A1 DE3105957A1 DE19813105957 DE3105957A DE3105957A1 DE 3105957 A1 DE3105957 A1 DE 3105957A1 DE 19813105957 DE19813105957 DE 19813105957 DE 3105957 A DE3105957 A DE 3105957A DE 3105957 A1 DE3105957 A1 DE 3105957A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- leg
- surgical clip
- clip according
- locking piece
- clamp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- VPVXHAANQNHFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1COCCO1 VPVXHAANQNHFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)CO1 RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010072170 Skin wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003195 fascia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000037368 penetrate the skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B15/00—Nails; Staples
- F16B15/0015—Staples
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/064—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
- A61B17/0644—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue penetrating the tissue, deformable to closed position
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/04—Macromolecular materials
- A61L31/048—Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/04—Macromolecular materials
- A61L31/06—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L81/06—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine chirurgische Klammer gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.
In den zurückliegenden Jahren haben sich chirurgische Klammern in weitem Umfang als eine Alternative zu
chirurgischen Nahtmaterialien zum Schließen von Schnitten in der Haut, in Faszien und inneren
Organen eingeführt. Klammern haben gegenüber Nahtmaterialien bei gewissen Anwendungsarten Vorteile im Hinblick auf die
Geschwindigkeit und die Leichtigkeit, mit der solche Klammern angebracht werden können. Hinzu kommt, daß spezielle Klammerinstrumente
entwickelt wurden, die eine vollständige Reihe oder einen Ring von Klammern in einem einzigen
Arbeitsvorgang anzubringen erlauben, um das chirurgische Verfahren noch weiter zu vereinfachen und zu beschleunigen.
Derzeit in Gebrauch befindliche chirurgische Klammern werden aus Tantal oder rostfreiem Stahldraht mit genügender
Zugfestigkeit und hinreichendem Biegemodul gefertigt, um zu gewährleisten, daß die Klammer geschlossen bleibt,
nachdem sie gesetzt wurde. Obwohl seit langem erkannt wurde, daß Klammern aus Kunststoff oder Polymer für
chirurgische Applikationen erwünscht wären, war die Entwicklung solcher Klammern aufgrund der diesen Materialien
innewohnenden Elastizität schwierig. Klammern bekannter Kunststoffzusammensetzungen und derselben Form wie einer
metallischen Klammer haben nicht genügend Festigkeit und einen
unzureichenden Biegemodul, um nach dem Setzen der Klammer geschlossen zu bleiben. Ein Versuch zur Verwendung von
Kunststoffmaterialien bei chirurgischen Klammerverfahren wurde in Verbindung mit zusammenwirkenden mechanischen
Mitteln unternommen, um die Klammer in ihrer gesetzten Form zu befestigen. In der US-PS 2 881 762 wird eine ringförmige
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Klammer der offenen Ringbauart beschrieben, bei der die
Enden zum Durchdringen der Haut, zur Überlappung und zur Verriegelung unter Bildung eines geschlossenen Ringes
durch das Gewebe ähnlich einem geknoteten Nahtmaterial dienen- Eine zweiteilige Klammer ist in der US-PS 4 060
beschrieben, in der ein mit Zinken versehener Befestigungsstreifen das Gewebe durchbohrt und ein damit zusammenwirkender
Haltestreifen die Zinken auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Gewebes erfaßt. Diese Vorrichtung ist in ihrer
Anwendung auf Situationen beschränkt, bei denen beide Seiten des Gewebes zugänglich sind und wobei ein Spezialwerkzeug
zum Anbringen der Vorrichtung erforderlich ist.
Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine chirurgische Klammer aus Kunststoff so zu verbessern,
daß sie analog einer metallischen Klammer funktioniert, d.h. aus einem Stück besteht und von einer Seite des Gewebes
her angebracht werden kann. Ferner soll die aus Kunststoff bestehende Klammer mit einem üblichen Werkzeug gesetzt
werden können, wobei die Klammer aus biologisch absorbierbaren Polymeren ebenso wie aus üblichen nicht-absorbierbaren
Polymeren hergestellt sein kann.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 enthaltenen Merkmale. Demnach ist
die chirurgische Klammer aus Kunststoff einstückig hergestellt, selbstverriegelnd und besteht in ihrer in einer
senkrechten Ebene geöffneten Stellung aus zwei äußeren und abwärts zugespitzten Schenkeln, die an einer mittleren Brücke
durch kurze senkrechte Stützschenkel befestigt sind. Jeder Schenkel weist eine Verlängerung auf, die sich von dew
Stützschenkel nach innen in Richtung der Mitte der Brücke
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oberhalb derselben erstreckt. Ein horizontales Verriegelungsstück für die Klammerschenkel ist an der
mittleren Brücke mittels eines vertikalen Mittelschenkels angebracht, der sich zwischen den Schenkelverlängerungen
der Klammer erstreckt. Das Verriegelungsstück verläuft parallel zu der mittleren Brücke und
erstreckt sich über die gleiche Länge derselben.
Die Klammer wird in das Gewebe mit einer üblichen Klammervorrichtung
eingesetzt, die aus einem Amboß und aus einem Formstück besteht. Der Amboß trägt die mittlere Brücke,
während das Formstück auf jeden Schenkel einwirkt und eine Schwenkung sowohl der Schenkel als auch der Stützschenkel
um 90° veranlaßt. Wenn die Klammer geschlossen wird, durchdringen die Schenkel das Gewebe und nehmen eine
kastenförmige Gestalt ein, die ein Gewebesegment mit den Spitzen der Klammerschenkel umschließt, die sich innerhalb
des Gewebes einander nähern. Wenn die Klammer geschlossen ist, wird das Verriegelungsstück durch die Verlängerungsschenkel
abgebogen, bis die Enden des Verriegelungsstücks an den Schenkelverlängerungen vorbeigehen, woraufhin das Verriegelungsstück
zwischen den Schenkelverlängerungen einschnappt und dabei die Klammer in der geschlossenen Stellung verriegelt.
Die Klammer kann aus einem beliebigen geeigneten Polymer hergestellt oder geformt werden, das sowohl biologisch
absorbierbar als auch nicht-absorbierbar sein kann. Bevorzugte absorbierbare Materialien umfassen Polymere von
Lactiden und Glykoliden. Bevorzugte nicht-absorbierbare Materialien sind Polyamide und Polypropylene.
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In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung beispielsweise und schematisch veranschaulicht. Es zeigen:
Fig. 1 eine Ansicht einer chirurgischen Klammer, Fig. 2 eine Endansicht der Klammer in Fig. 1 ,
Fig. 3 eine Ansicht der Klammer in Fig. 1 in Beziehung zu dem formenden Amboß, dem Formstück und der Wunde,
die geschlossen werden soll,
Fig. 4 eine Ansicht ähnlich Fig. 3, in der die Klammer gerade verformt wird,
Fig. 5 eine ähnliche Ansicht, in der die Klammer vollständig geformt ist und die Wunde schließt,
Fig. 6 eine Ansicht ähnlich Fig. 5, in der die Wunde
gezeigt ist, nachdem das Formwerkzeug entfernt wurde,
Fig. 7 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer durch mehrere Klammern einwandfrei geschlossenen Wunde,
Fig. 8 eine Seiten- und Draufsicht auf einen Teil der geschlossenen Klammer, wobei eine Verriegelung
für den Klammerschenkel gezeigt ist,
Fig. 9 eine Ansicht ähnlich Fig. 8, die eine andere Verriegelungsanordnung zeigt,
Fig.10 eine ähnliche Ansicht mit einer weiteren Verriegelungsanordnung,
Fig.11 eine Ansicht einer anderen Ausführungsform einer
chirurgischen Klammer und
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Fig. 12 eine Ansicht der Klammer in Fig. 11 im teilweise
geschlossenen Zustand.
In den Fig. 1 und 2 ist eine Klammer 10 mit einer horizontalen Brücke 11 gezeigt, die die Breite der Klammer
überspannt und an jedem Ende in einem sich aufwärts erstreckenden Stützschenkel 12 der Klammer endet. Ein
L-förmiger Klammerschenkel 13 erstreckt sich von jedem
Stützschenkel horizontal nach aussen und unten und endet in einer· das Gewebe durchbohrenden Spitze 14. Horizontale
Schenkelverlängerungen 15 erstrecken sich von jedem Stützschenkel zur Mitte der Klammer nach innen und enden in
einem mittleren Raum zwischen den Enden derselben.
Der Mittelschenkel 16 erstreckt sich zwischen den Schenkelverlängerungen
von der horizontalen Brücke nach oben, wobei ein horizontales Verriegelungsstück 17 für die Klammerschenkel
mit dem oberen Ende des Mittelschenkels im räumlichen Abstand von den Schenkelverlängerungen 15 befestigt
ist.
Weitere Merkmale der in Fig. 1 gezeigten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Klammer umfassen V-Nuten 18 und Entlastungskerben
19, die die Betätigung der Klammer erleichtern, wie nachstehend erklärt wird. Fig. 1 zeigt
außerdem, daß die Schenkelverlängerungen 15 der Klammer bei 20 an der Oberseite aus nachstehend erklärten Gründen
abgeschrägt sind.
Das Einsetzen der Klammer 10 zur Annäherung des Gewebes einer Hautwunde ist aufeinanderfolgend in den Fig. 3 bis
6 dargestellt. Die Klammer wird unter Verwendung eines
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üblichen, die Klammer formenden Werkzeugs geschlossen, das einen Amboß 21 und ein überbrückendes Formstück 22
umfaßt, wie es teilweise in den Fig. 3 bis 5 dargestellt ist.
Gemäß Fig. 3 wird die Klammer 10 in das Formwerkzeug durch geeignete Mittel mit der Brücke 11, die von dem
Amboß 21 abgestützt wird, und den äußeren Enden 23 des Formstücks 22 in Anlage an den Klammerschenkeln 13 eingesetzt.
Das Formwerkzeug und die Klammer werden unmittelbar über der Wunde 24 in dem Gewebe 25 eingesetzt.Da die Klammerschenkel
sich unterhalb der Höhe des Ambosses erstrecken, werden die Schenkel zunächst mit dem Hautgewebe in Berührung
gebracht, wenn das Formwerkzeug über der Wunde positioniert wird.
Die Wunde wird durch das Schließen der Klammer geschlossen, was durch Absenken des Formstücks 22 über den Amboß 21
hinaus erfolgt, wie Fig. 4 und 5 darstellen. In Fig. 4 beginnt sich die Klammer zu schließen, die Schenkel 13
dringen in die Haut eines Gewebes ein und nehmen die Form eines Bogens an, wenn die Stützschenkel 12 der Klammer um
die Enden der Brücke.11 geschwenkt werden. Die V-Nuten
bilden Gelenkpunkte, um diese Schwenkwirkung zu erleichtern. Gleichzeitig drehen sich die Schenkelverlängerungen 15
nach oben gegen das querlaufende, balkenförmige Verriegelungsstück
17, dessen beiden, sich seitlich des Mittelschenkels 16 erstreckenden Teile nach oben abgebogen werden,
damit die Schenkelverlängerungen an dem Verriegelungsstück
vorbeikommen. Entlastungskerben 19 bilden Scharnierstellen, die die Beanspruchung während der Abbiegung des Verriegelungsstücks
vermindern. Die Abschrägung 20 auf der Oberseite der Schenkelverlängerungen der Klammer ermöglicht ebenfalls
ein leichteres Vorbeiführen der Schenkelverlängerungen an dem Verriegelungsstück.
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Wenn das Formstück 22 vollständig niedergedrückt ist, wie Fig. 5 zeigt,sind die Klammerschenkel 13 um 90°
voll in das Gewebe eingeschwenkt. Die Schenkelverlängerungen 15 der Klammer bewegen sich an den Enden des
Verriegelungsstücks 1 7 vorbei ,wobei die Elastizität des Kunststoffmaterials das Verriegelungsstück zu einer Rückkehr
in seine ursprüngliche horizontale Stellung veranlaßt und jetzt zwischen den Schenkelverlängerungen 15
liegt, so daß die Klammer in der vorliegenden geschlossenen Stellung wirksam verriegelt wird. Wenn die Klammer in dieser
Weise verriegelt ist, wird das Formstück 22 angehoben und das Formwerkzeug entfernt, wobei die Klammer in dem
Gewebe über die Wunde hinweg sicher befestigt zurückbleibt, und die Ränder der Wunde einwandfrei nach aussen
gekehrt sind, wie Fig. 6 zeigt. Fig. 7 stellt einen vollständigen Einschnitt dar, der mittels einer Reihe von
Klammern einwandfrei geschlossen ist.
Die Klammern sind im Querschnitt vorzugsweise rechtwinkelig ausgebildet, jedoch mit Ausnahme der Klammerschenkel, die
zylindrisch und/oder konisch zulaufend ausgebildet sein können, wenn dies zur Erleichterung des Eindringens in
das Gewebe erwünscht ist. Die Schenkelverlängerungen 15 und die Enden des Verriegelungsstücks 17 sind entweder abgeflacht
oder mit ausgenommenen Flächen in der verriegelten Stellung versehen, um die nachfolgende Trennung dieser
Flächen zu verhindern, wenn die Klammer einmal gebildet oder geschlossen wurde.
Fig. 8 bis 10 zeigen verschiedene ineinandergreifende Anordnungen,
die zwischen den Schenkelverlängerungen und den Enden des Verriegelungsstücks verwendet werden können. In
1 30061/0488
Fig. 8 ist die Innenseite der Schenkelverlängerung mit einer aufragenden Rippe 26 versehen, während das
Ende des Verrieqelungsstücks 17 eine entsprechende ausgenommene Nut aufweist. Diese Anordnung begrenzt
die seitliche Bewegbarkeit der Schenkelverlängerung, wenn die Klammer in ihrer verriegelten Stellung cjeitch
worden ist.
Fig. 9 zeigt eine Nut-Feder-Verbindung bei 27 zwischen
dem Ende des Verriegelungsstücks 17 und der Innenseite der Schenkelverlängerung 15. Diese Anordnung begrenzt
die senkrechte Verstellbarkeit des Verriegelungsstücks 17, wenn die Klammer geschlossen ist.
Fig. 10 zeigt eine Anordnung zur Beschränkung sowohl der seitlichen als auch der senkrechten Bewegbarke.it der
Schenkelverlängerung und des Verriegelungsstücks, wenn die Klammer geschlossen ist. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist
die? Schenkelverlängerung 1b mit einer kurzen aufragenden
Rippe 28 in der Nähe ihrer Spitze versehen, deren Länge etwa der halben Dicke des balken- oder stangenförmigen
Verriegelungsstücks 17 entspricht. Das Ende des VerriegolungsstUcks
ist, wie dargestellt, mit einer entsprechenden Nut zur Aufnahme der Rippe 28 versehen.
Eine horizontale Feder-Nut-Verbindung unmittelbar unter der Rippe 28 vervollständigt diese Anordnung.
Fig. 11 und 12 zeigen eine Abänderung der Klammer in
Fig. 1, wobei das Verriegelungsstück 17 mit einer Reihe
von Rastzähnen 31 an der Unterseite desselben versehen ist. Die Schenkelverlängerungen-15 weisen abgewinkelte Spitzen
30 auf, die zum Eingriff in die Rastzähne geeignet sind,
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wenn die Klammer geschlossen ist. Eine derartige Klammer ist gegenüber der Klammer in Fig. 1 in speziellen Situationen
von Vorteil, in denen nicht ein vollständiges Schließen der Klammer erwünscht ist. Die Klammer gemäß Fig. 11
kann daher bis zu einem Ausmaß geschlossen werden, wie es z.B. in Fig. 12 gezeigt ist, wobei das Anbringwerkzeug
entfernt wird, um die Klammer in der teilweise geschlossenen Gestalt zu belassen. Die Klammer in Fig. 11 kann natürlich
auch vollständig geschlossen werden, wenn dies erwünscht ist.
Obwohl die Klammer bei ihrer Verwendung zum Schließen von Haut beschrieben und dargestellt wurde, kann die Klammer
auch zum Schließen von Faszien oder inneren Organen ebenfalls benutzt werden. Da die Klammer mit Klammereinsetzwerkzeugen
üblicher Konstruktion verwendbar ist, fällt die Verwendung der Klammer in Geräten, bei denen die Klammern
mittels eines Magazins aufeinanderfolgend zugeführt werden, oder in Geräten, die eine Mehrzahl von Klammern in einer
geraden Linie oder in einem Kreis mit einem einzigen Schuß setzen, in den Schutzumfang der Erfindung. Es ist verständlich,
daß gewisse Abänderungen vorhandener Klammergeräte erforderlich sein können, um sie an die Klammern gemäß der
Erfindung anzupassen, jedoch liegen derartige Änderungen im Fachkönnen der Gerätebauer.
Die Größe der Klammern kann der Größe üblicher metallischer Klammern entsprechen. Die horizontale Brücke bei einer
Klammer durchschnittlicher Größe kann 0,25 bis 0,6 cm lang sein, während die L-förmigen Klammerschenkel in ihrer
Größe proportional bemessen werden, wie z.B. Fig. 1 zeigt.
1 30061 /0A88
Die Klammern können mittels beliebiger geeigneter Kunststoff-Formtechniken
einschließlich Extrusion und Spritzgießen in Abhängigkeit von der Klammerform und dem Werkstoff
hergestellt werden, der irgendein beliebiges Polymer sein kann, das bei chirurgischen Anwendungen als bioverträglich
bekannt ist. Polyamid, Polypropylen, Polyester und Polysulfon mögen für solche Stoffe stehen, die zur
Herstellung von nicht-absorbierbaren Klammern verwendet werden können. Homopolymere und Copolymere von Lactiden,
Glykoliden und p-Dioxanonen seien beispielsweise für Stoffe genannt, die zur Herstellung von absorßierbaren
Klammern für innere Anwendung verwendet werden können. Andere geeignete Polymere sind dem Fachmann bekannt und
können auch gemäß der Erfindung benutzt werden.·
Nicht-absorbierbare Klammern aus z.B. Polypropylen oder Polyamid können bei inneren Anwendungen verwendet werden,
wo die Absorption kein wichtiger Faktor ist. Äußerlich verwendete Klammern können, nachdem die Wunde zufriedenstellend
verheilt ist, leicht dadurch entfernt werden, daß lediglich der Mittelschenkel 16 durchschnitten wird,
damit das Verriegelungsstück 17 aus der Klammer entfernt werden kann. Die Klammerschenkel können daraufhin in ihre
ursprüngliche, in Fig. 1 gezeigte Stellung zurückgedreht und aus dem Gewebe bei minimaler Beeinträchtigung des
Befindens des Patienten entfernt werden.
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Leerseite
Claims (16)
- DIPL.-ING. HANS W. GROENINGPATE NTAWWALTJ/E 10- 202Ethicon, Inc.Somerville, New Jersey 08876U.S.A.Chirurgische KlammerPatentansprücheChirurgische Klammer, die aus Kunststoff einstückig und selbstverriegelnd ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einer senkrechten Ebene eine horizontale Brücke (11) die Breite der Klammer (10) überspannt und an jedem Ende in einem sich nach oben erstreckenden Stützschenkel (12) endet,daß ein L-förmiger Schenkel (13) sich horizontal nach außen und abwärts von jedem Stützschenkel (12) erstreckt und in einer Spitze (14) endet,daß eine Schenkelverlängerung (15) sich von jedem L-förmigen Schenkel (13) am Stützschenkel (12) nach innen erstreckt und in einem Raum zwischen sich gegenüberliegenden Enden der Schenke!Verlängerungen endet,daß ein Mittelschenkel (16) sich von der Brücke (11) senkrecht nach oben und durch den Raum zwischen den sich gegenüberliegenden Enden der Schenkelverlängerungen nach oben erstreckt, und130061/0A88SIEHEKTSTH. 4 · 8000 MÜNCHEN 80 - POH 800 340 · KAHEL: RIIEINPATENT · TEl. <080) 471070 · TELEX 0-22050daß ein horizontales Verriegelungsstück für die Klammerschenkel mit dem Mittelschenkel (16) fest verbunden ist und sich in geringem Abstand von den Schenkelverlängerungen (15) und den Stützschenkeln (12) horizontal erstreckt, unddaß die Klammerstützschenkel (12) und die damit fest verbundenen Klammerschenkel (13) in bezug auf die horizontale Brücke (11) im Schließsinne der L-förmigen Klammerschenkel (13) schwenkbar sind, woraufhin die Schenkelverlangerungen (15) das Verriegelungsstück (17) abbiegen und anschließend von dem Verriegelungsstück (17) zur Festlegung der Klammerschenkel (13) in ihrer geschlossenen Stellung erfaßt werden.
- 2. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein einheitliches Gelenk an der Verbindungsstelle jedes Stutζschenkels (12) und der horizontalen Brücke (11) vorgesehen ist.
- 3. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Entlastungskerbe (19) an jeder Verbindungsstelle des Verriegelungsstücks (17) und des Mittelschenkels (16) vorgesehen ist.
- 4. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Länge des Verriegelungsstücks (17) der Breite der horizontalen Brücke (11) und der Länge der Stützschenkel (12) etwa entspricht.130061/0488
- 5- Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Schenkelverlängeruncr (15) nach der von dem Verriegelungsstück (17)abgekehrten Seite hin abgeschrägt ist (bei 20).
- 6. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß deren Schenkel einen im allgemeinen rechtwinkeligen Querschnitt aufweisen.
- 7. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die L-förmigen Klammerschenkel (13) einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen.
- 8. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die L-förmigen Klammerschenkel (13) gegenüber der horizontalen Brücke (11) um 90 schwenkbar sind und daß die Schenkelverlängerungen (15) an dem Verriegelungsstück (17) vorbei bewegbar sind und anschließend von den Enden des Verriegelungsstücks (17) zum Festlegen der Klammerschenkel (13) in ihrer geschlossenen Stellung erfaßbar sind.
- 9. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schenkelverlängerungen (15) und die Enden des Verriegelungsstücks (17) mit einer Verriegelungsvorrichtung versehen sind, die im geschlossenen Zustand der Klammer (10) wirksam ist.
- 10. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verriegelungsvorrichtung aus V-Nuten (18) besteht, die im geschlossenen Zustand der Klammer(10) geschlossen sind.130061/0488
- 11. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verriegelungsvorrichtung aus einer Feder-Nut-Verbindung (27) besteht, die bei geschlossener Klammer (10) in Eingriff steht.
- 12. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verriegelungsstück (17) eine Reihe von Rastzähnen (31) an seiner Unterseite aufweist, und daß die SchenkelVerlängerungen (15) abgewinkelte Spitzen (30) aufweisen, die bei geschlossener Klammer (10) in die Rastzähne (31) eingreifen.
- 13. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus einem absorbierbaren Polymer besteht.
- 14. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das absorbierbare Polymer ein Homopolymer oder ein Copolymer aus Lactid, Glykolid oder p-Dioxanon ist.
- 15. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus einem nicht-absorbierbaren Polymer besteht.
- 16. Chirurgische Klammer nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das nicht-absorbierbare Polymer aus der sich aus Polyamid, Polyester, Polypropylen und Polysulfon zusammensetzenden Gruppe ausgewählt ist.130061/0488
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/122,557 US4317451A (en) | 1980-02-19 | 1980-02-19 | Plastic surgical staple |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3105957A1 true DE3105957A1 (de) | 1982-01-07 |
Family
ID=22403403
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19813105957 Withdrawn DE3105957A1 (de) | 1980-02-19 | 1981-02-18 | Chirurgische klammer |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4317451A (de) |
JP (1) | JPS56151033A (de) |
CA (1) | CA1144445A (de) |
DE (1) | DE3105957A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2475886A1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB2069650B (de) |
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Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US1728316A (en) * | 1927-07-02 | 1929-09-17 | Kirurgiska Instr Fabriks Aktie | Wound clasp |
FR790997A (fr) * | 1935-06-07 | 1935-11-30 | Pince pour suture chirurgicale | |
US2881762A (en) * | 1955-02-09 | 1959-04-14 | Robert J Lowrie | Surgical staple and stapler |
US2887110A (en) * | 1956-10-12 | 1959-05-19 | Benno K A Roeschmann | Forceps for removing skin clips |
US3068870A (en) * | 1960-03-18 | 1962-12-18 | Levin Abraham | Wound clip |
US3620218A (en) * | 1963-10-31 | 1971-11-16 | American Cyanamid Co | Cylindrical prosthetic devices of polyglycolic acid |
US3739773A (en) * | 1963-10-31 | 1973-06-19 | American Cyanamid Co | Polyglycolic acid prosthetic devices |
US3604425A (en) * | 1969-04-11 | 1971-09-14 | New Research And Dev Lab Inc | Hemostatic clip |
CA925395A (en) * | 1969-07-04 | 1973-05-01 | Dbm Industries Limited | Stapler device |
US3643851A (en) * | 1969-08-25 | 1972-02-22 | United States Surgical Corp | Skin stapler |
US3875648A (en) * | 1973-04-04 | 1975-04-08 | Dennison Mfg Co | Fastener attachment apparatus and method |
AU498809B2 (en) * | 1973-04-04 | 1979-03-29 | Dennison Manufacturing Company | Fastener attachment |
US3873016A (en) * | 1973-11-30 | 1975-03-25 | Meyer Fishbein | Pliers type surgical stapler for joining disunited skin or fascia |
JPS5227329Y2 (de) * | 1974-07-30 | 1977-06-21 | ||
US4014492A (en) * | 1975-06-11 | 1977-03-29 | Senco Products, Inc. | Surgical staple |
US4060089A (en) * | 1975-09-03 | 1977-11-29 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical fastening method and device therefor |
US4109844A (en) * | 1976-11-18 | 1978-08-29 | Senco Products, Inc. | Surgical stapling instrument |
SU736969A1 (ru) * | 1976-12-17 | 1980-05-30 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский И Испытательский Институт Медицинской Техники | Хирургический сшивающий аппарат |
-
1980
- 1980-02-19 US US06/122,557 patent/US4317451A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1981
- 1981-02-17 CA CA000371064A patent/CA1144445A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-02-17 FR FR8103074A patent/FR2475886A1/fr active Granted
- 1981-02-18 JP JP2164681A patent/JPS56151033A/ja active Pending
- 1981-02-18 GB GB8105011A patent/GB2069650B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-02-18 DE DE19813105957 patent/DE3105957A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19935904C1 (de) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-07-12 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Applikatorspitze eines chirurgischen Applikators zum Setzen von Clips/Klammern für die Verbindung von Gewebe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2475886B1 (de) | 1984-12-28 |
CA1144445A (en) | 1983-04-12 |
GB2069650A (en) | 1981-08-26 |
GB2069650B (en) | 1983-11-09 |
US4317451A (en) | 1982-03-02 |
JPS56151033A (en) | 1981-11-21 |
FR2475886A1 (fr) | 1981-08-21 |
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