DE2821138A1 - ONE-PIECE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT - Google Patents

Description

13ηOV / N ₁ BOVER! a CIE. AKTIENGLSELLSCHAFi MANNHEIM

Mp No. 674/77 Mannheim, May 12, 1978

ZFE / P4-Ft / Mr.

"One-piece electrical device"

. The invention relates to a one-piece electrical device i according to the preamble of claim 1..

, According to the CEI standards and some other international standards In general, one needs writings in the line feed ^ to each electrical consumer upstream apparatus, ι which have some elements with the common symbols shown in the scheme of Figure 1 I, the serve to take over the following functions:

: 1. General and all-phase separation of the incoming ; Line to switch off the consumer in the system, I for example, if you have to carry out work that

are necessary for repair; the device could 'be a by manually operated disconnect switch or circuit breaker,

2. Protection against overloads and earth currents (cortocircuiti) of the individual lines of the various areas that branch to the consumer (at the end of the general

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Distributor); of these lines there are two in detail with the same consumers, namely one for the lighting circuit to power or supply the lighting fixtures and corresponding similar devices. to be able to connect, and one for power circuits to feed heavy devices with high electrical power 2u, such as water heaters, washing machines and dishwashers, but can also be present in larger numbers according to the increase in consumption and the number of devices that are supplied with electricity.

3. Protection against touch voltages, which contain the risk of electrical accidents; such protective measures have been realized by connecting a circuit breaker to the resistance of the local System is adapted, and that in a large part of the house installations instead of a circuit breaker a residual current circuit breaker is provided.

Mostly the devices 1, 2 and 3 are the ones with the functions 1, 2 and 3 correspond, each inserted in a housing, the outline of which is indicated with a dashed line are installed in a container or in a central frame, the contours of which are designed as specified above,

the installer making the connection from one device to another with an inlet cable and the outlet pipes.

In Figure 2, a line routing is sketched, which reproduces the scheme according to Figure 1 for a single consumer. the Numeral 11 denotes an overcurrent and short-circuit release and 12 denotes a fault current component, wherein Both are equipped with levers or buttons 17 and 18 for manual operation.

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The circuit breaker 11 is a normal, single-pole or two-pole or multi-pole circuit breaker, with its own thermal release 13 and an electromagnetic release 14 and has a release mechanism 16 which is used to ^: open the contacts of the lines and can also be actuated by the fault current component 12 is. The release device 16 contains one or more springs, which are not shown, and which are tensioned by the fact that the levers 17 and 18 are brought into the corresponding position.

When the coil of the tripping device 16 from the summation current transformer; 15 is excited, due to a fault current flowing to earth, a not shown latching ι (fuse) release the springs that cause the opening of the line • circuit breaker 11, which may also be triggered by the thermal release in the event of an overload 13 or ^; the electromagnetic release 14 can be controlled v / ground.

In addition, in accordance with the standards, the parts are joined together in such a way that it is not possible to

'To switch on the switch without having switched on the fault current component beforehand, which is done with the help of a special device allows v / ird, which is not shown.

V ■ seen from the Figure 2 can be ground /, both the

Circuit breaker 11 as well as the fault current component 12 ^{1 are provided} with two sleeves that are indivisible.

If you want to protect two or more lines to a consumer with the device according to Figure 2, you have to two ^! or install more of this single facility, why ' ^! In addition, a general distributor is used to also deliver the. To be able to implement the scheme according to FIG. This can possibly be modified by further lines; however, these lead to complications, major overloads and increases

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of costs.

The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the known devices, as shown in more detail in FIGS are to be avoided.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a device according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

The benefits of cost reduction are obtained by having a single, unitary, or unitary device provides a single fault current component with two or ι more automatic line circuit breakers with magnetic and thermal tripping, each of the circuit breakers is used for each individual line, so that the lines can be connected independently of each other in this way To keep operation.

, Further advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention and the prior art are to be explained in more detail with the aid of the drawing.

It shows

! Fig. 1 and 2 each show a device as used for

known prior art, and

^: Fig. 3 shows a device according to the invention, uniform or \ one piece.

t !

Figure 3, in which the invention is shown in more detail, shows a single fault current component 12 and several of the J number η (where η is greater than 1) the user corresponding . Circuit breakers, also with the number n, with each

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Circuit breaker a thermal and magnetic ; Owns trigger. The circuit breakers 11 can be manually operated independently of one another by means of the lever 18.

As soon as the fault current component 12 has responded, with With the help of the tripping device 16, all line circuit breakers and the entire line routing are switched off.

The electrical conductors (two) for the single-phase line and three for the three-phase line and four for the three-phase line Cables with a neutral conductor are wound onto the summation current transformer of the fault current component and then go on to the Tripping of the individual line circuit breakers. A secondary winding (without reference number) is on the trigger 16 of the ' Fault current component switched.

Of course, the arrangement can be used instead of as in the Figure 3 can also be realized by placing the fault current component in the middle between the two circuit breakers with the two thermal and magnetic releases.

It is now assumed that a fault current component 12 is provided, the data of which L · ». = 0.3 x A and I _n = 25 A. Two circuit breakers 11 should be added, the first being a two-pole circuit breaker with I _n = 10 A and the second a two-pole circuit breaker with I _n = 15 A. The electrical interconnection of the internal connections is shown in FIG. The exemplary device is intended to be used in a house installation of medium size and for distribution in a house installation with a light line of 10 A and a power line of 15 A. It is assumed that the functions 1j2 _? 3, as described above, are fulfilled:

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L All-pole separation. The lever 17 of the fault current component is moved to the "open" position (zero), v / o by also opening the two circuit breakers 11 with 10 and 15 A, and the system becomes tension-free.

2. Protection against overcurrents on both lines, which have two separate circuits for light and Provide power. It is implemented by separating the circuit breakers 11 from 10 to 15 A. with the overcurrent releases and the electromagnetic releases 13 and 14. Such protection is also selective in the sense that when an overcurrent is added to the power circuit, the 15 amps automatically switched off, but the luminous flux of 10 A is still maintained. The same, however conversely, happens when the overcurrent suddenly occurs in the lighting circuit.

3. Protection against touch voltages.

A current leak to earth with a value greater than the I ^ value given above in any point of the system causes the excitation of the summation current transformer and thus the Shutdown of the fault current component 12 and thereby the triggering of all interrupters.

The device is switched on by pulling the lever of the fault current component 12 in brings the position "closed" and then the lever of the automatic circuit breaker turns on. Those lines on which no error occurred remain closed and those Detach lines where an error has occurred and where the error is still present all over again. In addition, in contrast to the use of the simple error codes currently on the market,

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current circuit breaker (the so-called pure Fl circuit breaker) be added that the residual current circuit breaker also in the event of a short circuit behind the System (house distribution system) is safely protected against thermal and magnetic influences resulting from the short circuit, up to one maximum value that is specified on the nameplate, v / eil the energy that is generated by a simple miniature circuit breaker can flow, is significantly lower than that for which the fault current component pulls because it is designed for the sum of the currents in both circuit breakers.

The aforementioned process also occurs in the event that more than two circuit breakers are provided (and if the lines fed in are not single-phase, but three-phase or three-phase systems trades with neutral conductors). In addition, there is in the countries where the neutral conductor of the energy supply company is grounded and can therefore also take on the task of a protective conductor, each of them in single-phase systems Switch part from a single pole of a line circuit breaker. Obviously, the neutral conductor in this If the case cannot be separated, it is also wound onto the summation current transformer and ends in two independent ones Clamps.

The advantages mentioned above are summarized below:

- Reduced overall dimensions:

In the practical example of a single-phase system described above with two lines according to Figure 1, has the fault current component with a main isolator, as they are commercially available,

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modular dimensions of 1, while a two-pole switch has dimensions of 0.5. The entire modular dimensions are accordingly 1 + 0.5 + 0.5 = The circuit diagram of Figure 1 can also with two Devices of Figure 2 are carried out.

! In this case, the total modular dimension is (0.5 + 0.5) x 2 = 2, while in the case of the invention

I according to the design, the overall dimension is 0.5 + 0.5 + 0.5 = 1.5.

[- With the device according to the invention, the production and manufacturing costs are also reduced, since one considerably

I required fewer parts.

- Reduction of the costs of the installation or the assembly costs:

, Figure 1 shows the lines to be connected by the installer (dashed lines),

the connection of which he has to make with the existing ι systems and those with the one-piece, j device according to the invention is no longer required; are borrowed.

; - Improvement of the overall security:

j In the conventional system using j of a simple Fl circuit breaker (the less

costs as the residual current circuit breaker with ^; magnetic and thermal release) is the i pure fault current component in the event of a j short circuit at any point of the i dashed connections in the 'I Figure 1 without any protection and can also be damaged if the short circuit currents

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reach a value that is too high. This danger:

exists in the embodiment according to the invention,

not, even if it does not occur frequently, j

because the parts to be damaged are inaccessible because they are protected by the housing. '

The device according to the invention can also be used for individual ^: functions of the overall function described,
the benefits are there even when you have them
is used in particular in systems where protection against; Contact voltages realized in a different way
is (e.g. by coordinating the earthing device with
automatic circuit breakers or isolating converter) .. The device according to the invention has a main switch: without summation current transformer 15 of the trigger device 16 and \ two or more automatic circuit breaker 11 j In such a case, the functions 1 and 2 (see;

© π * © i civfc *

above) and in this way you can also:

Decrease in production costs, a decrease in the
Assembly costs and optimal overall security. i

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Claims (5)

BROWN, BOVERI & CIE. AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT i. . . -, I. MANNHEIM BROWN BOVERI j Mp No. 674/77 Mannheim, May 12, 1978 ' ZFE / P4-Ft / Hr \ Claims | /1.1 One-piece electrical device with the three functions "main separation", "protection against contact voltages", "protection against overcurrents" for feeding at least two consumer lines, characterized in that a main disconnector in the supply line, a fault current component (12), two or more Circuit breaker (11) with thermal and magnetic release, which are each provided for one line, that the fault current component excites a release (16) in the event of a ground fault current, which simultaneously switches off all circuit breakers, and that a lever or push button (17) is provided on the fault current component with which the release (16) and the circuit breaker can be switched on again, 809848/0746 ORIGINAL INSPECTED ■ - 2 - I each of which also has a lever or push button (18) for switching on the output lines. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fault current component (12) has means which a Allow the circuit breaker (11) to close. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting lines from the fault current component (12) ! inaccessible to the circuit breakers (11) and ^; are protected in the housing of the device itself unterj. i 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ι characterized in that the fault current component (12) between; the circuit breakers (11) is arranged. ^: 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply lines to the individual consumers as primary windings on the i summation current transformer (15) are wound up and that divide the lines of each phase to the individual ^: Miniature circuit breaker, such that the lines are parallel; run towards each other. 809848/0746 'ir 1; fi7r- C.VV-i-