DE19945692A1 - Lamp reflector, lamp and canopy for lamp for providing indirect lighting with reflector directing light away from lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

The lamp housing (3) consists of upper (5) and lower (4) sections with a gap (7) between them for ventilating the interior. The bottom section has a reflector with a reflective surface (12) which is partially transparent. The surface is so shaped that no light is reflected back against the lamp bulb

Description

The invention is concerned with a reflector and a lamp te and with a method for lighting a room, for Reduction of the luminance in the direct light of a lamp and to achieve a specific light intensity distribution.

Indirect lights are known which have a closed light use system. This leads to a sharp increase the interior temperature of the lamp, resulting in a reduction the efficiency of the lamp. That from the lamp The light is reflected in the desired direction by reflectors steered, with a wide distance between the filament and Reflector is necessary, which leads to an increased overall height of the Indi rect lamp leads. The well-known reflectors with parabolic shaped reflector segments produce a narrow beam Light distribution, but not free from direct glare wide light distribution. This narrow beam light Distribution leads, for example, to an increased reflex formation on egg ner table surface.

DE-G 92 13 886 41 uses a reflector for a lamp described, which is made of a perforated sheet, wherein on Perforated sheet inside and / or outside a translucent film is present.  

The object of the invention is a reflector, a lamp, to provide a method and use with which a higher efficiency is achieved.

The task is performed by a device according to the independent Device claim or by a method according to one of the independent process claims or use according to ei nem of the independent claims for use. Beneficial Developments of the invention are de in the dependent claims finishes.

In particular, the task is solved in part transparent reflector for a lamp with at least one reflective surface which is formed so that the emitted by a lamp of the lamp and on the right reflecting surface, light reflected the filament does not hit. This will remove all of the filament emitted light reflects into the room to be illuminated, so there is no loss of light output like this the case is when light emitted by the filament (min. partially) is reflected back into these. This will make the Efficiency of a lamp with an inventive Reflector is equipped, increased. Under a filament a lamp is also understood in particular. Under a re a body is understood to be either complete or complete or is partially transparent.

An advantageous development of the invention provides that the intersection line of the reflective surface is a surface second order, especially a combination of circular, Has ellipse or hyperbolic segments. Thereby achieved a largely homogeneous distribution Be luminosity of the reflected light.  

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the reflector two symmetrical to a symmetry axis se arranged reflective surfaces. Thereby it is possible to cover a much wider angular range with the Re to cover the reflector, as is the case with a reflector with only one reflective surface is the case. So you get egg ne large area, harmonious lighting. The wide angle Beam area of the reflected radiation produces a low Illuminance on the illuminated surface (ceiling), which in turn leads to a low luminance of (in general white ceiling) area. In addition to this large area, low radiant intensity, in be by the reflected light illuminated area (ceiling), also the direct light of the Lamp completely hidden by the reflector or in his Luminance reduced so that a viewer is not dazzled becomes.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the reflector is partially transparent. Thereby the reflector not only serves to reflect that from one Illuminant emitted light, but also at the same time still as an illuminated object. The luminance on Perceived brightness, can be selected that the viewer of the lamp is not dazzled.

In particular, it is advantageous if the partially transparent pension reflector has a transparent base body a reflective, perforated, metallic material is arranged, which is preferably stamped or by means of a Screen printing process is applied or evaporated. Thereby it is possible to use a partially transparent reflector fold and inexpensive to manufacture so that it be a previously has correct reflectance or transmittance. This is in a simple way that the geometry of the brought metallic material and the proportion of this mate  rials in relation to the area not covered with this metalli is provided, can be varied. Furthermore it is advantageous and particularly inexpensive to manufacture to produce a partially transparent reflector on the a transparent base with a film with transparent and reflective areas is attached, preferably up sticks. It is also advantageous to use the transparent Base body to apply a substrate, especially the base coat body with a gel. This substrate includes prefers photoreactive substances or substances that under Light influence their refractive properties or color or Change transmission behavior. This will make a variety of different possibilities for the luminance regarding the Transmission or reflection of the abge from a filament given light. Furthermore, a variety of Possibilities regarding the distribution of transparent and reflective areas of the reflector possible that the transparent body is hollow and inside space a powder is arranged. That is why it is, for example possible that the user of the reflector by shaking or Tapping the same changes the distribution of the powder and the areas in which the reflector is transparent and the areas in which the reflector reflects, individually and always redesigned. For example, it is possible, powder with a metallic part or with ferro to use magnetic properties and an electrical and / or magnetic field in the vicinity of the reflector bring so that the metallic powder along the Aligns field lines. By manipulating the field it is then possible to change the structure of the reflective or trans to vary the central surfaces of the reflector. The featured mentioned design options of a partially transparent pension reflector are by no means conclusive, but only  exemplified, so that other Ausgestal possibilities are conceivable.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the reflector has a perforated reflector plate, wherein the reflective surface preferably as a high-gloss or Matt gloss mirror reflector is formed. This is a be especially easy to manufacture reflector, since it is enough to punch holes out of a sheet. Because of the shape of the holes, the arrangement of the holes, their size compared to the not punched out areas of the perforated plate and the distance the holes to each other is a wide variety of reflectors trainable. Reflectors are preferably used, the circle have round holes that have a radius R of 0.01 mm to 1.5 mm and have their centers from 2.1 * R to 5 * R apart are far away.

It is advantageous if the reflector is elongated, curved or is annular. This makes it possible for him To be used in conjunction with the common luminaire shapes. For example, for a lamp with an elongated th, tubular lighting element also an elongated Re flektor uses the excellent properties of the Re exploit the greatest possible extent. This applies ent speaking with a lamp with a ring-shaped lamp ment using an annular reflector.

Furthermore, the task is solved by a lamp with egg ner receiving device for a filament and with a Housing, which is an interior space provided for the luminous element at least partially surrounds, the housing an upper housing part and has a lower housing part, the upper housing partly a first reflector (due to the Fresnel refle xionsgesetze) and / or the lower housing part a second Re has reflector, each according to one of the above  Training is shaped. By using at least one egg nes reflector, as described above, none of that Illuminated body emits light reflected back into it, so that the efficiency of such a lamp is greater than that of a conventional one with a known reflect tor equipped lamp.

In addition, the task is solved by a lamp with a Receiving device for a filament and with a Ge housing, the interior intended for a luminous element at least partially surrounds, the housing an upper housing part and has a lower housing part, between the Ge upper housing part and the lower housing part at least one gap is present, through which an air exchange between the Enclosed interior space of the lamp and the outside space possible is. Through the exchange of air between the interior and exterior through the gap, the internal temperature is due to the thermal heating in an area of the lamp when loading only increased slightly, which means that compared to the known closed luminaires, in which there is excess temperature inside of up to 30 ° C - what at normal room temperature 30% reduction in efficiency speaks - a significantly greater efficiency of the filament is achieved. Especially when using a light fabric lamp due to the thermal heating in a Be rich, the operational efficiency depends largely on the environment temperature, i.e. the interior temperature of the luminaire. By a lamp according to the invention it is possible that the Reducing the efficiency of a fluorescent lamp in egg less than 5%.

An advantageous development of the one he just described inventive lamp provides that the upper housing part egg NEN first transmitter / reflector and / or the lower housing part has a second reflector which be according to one of the above  wrote training is trained. This makes us degree of efficiency increased because, in addition to reducing the temperature of the fluorescent tube through the gap a white tere increase in efficiency with respect to the radiated light is reached because none of the reflector reflec light is reflected back into the filament.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the housing has a cylindrical or tubular shape having. A housing shaped in this way is particularly simple and inexpensive to manufacture and is suitable for holding a tubular, commercially available fluorescent tube.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the upper housing part with the lower housing part Connection means is connected, preferably the housing upper part and / or the lower part of the housing easily detachable with the Lanyards are connected. This makes it very easy possible to replace the respective part if it is, for example is defective or if the user of the lamp is another res part that it from aesthetic, lighting technology or whose reasons seem more appropriate, would like to use.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the connecting means at the ends of the housing are arranged. This means that a lamp that is in the Luminaire can be arranged, the largest possible space for Provided. In addition, the connecting means on The best way to attack the end of the case is on it and are there also most accessible so that easy replacement is possible.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the connecting means have lugs that form conclusively in the upper housing part and / or in the lower housing part intervene. This makes it simple yet safe  Connection between the upper housing part or lower housing part and the lanyard guaranteed.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the lower housing part is formed in two parts, where when there is a support body with which the reflector releasably ver is bound, which is in its position with respect to the housing seoberteile is held by the connecting means. Thereby it is possible that the reflector can be replaced very easily can be without the entire housing lower part of the connector must be solved. As a result, Changing a reflector or the lamp saved time and time others also material and therefore costs.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the carrier body is tubular. At for example, it is a round tube, rectangular tube or oval tube, the cut surface of the tube in particular as a curve (closed line) is of second order. On tubular support body is very simple and inexpensive to deliver and also simply with the lanyard connect.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the housing is annular. This is it is also possible to use a lamp for a fluorescent lamp To provide that is ring-shaped. This allows the Advantages described above also with ring-shaped lamps elements can be optimally used.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the housing is integrally formed. Such one Housing is easy to manufacture and there is no ge drive that the lower housing part or the upper housing part itself unintentionally detaches from the lanyard, for example because it is not  were properly associated with this. This makes a Be Damage to the lamp avoided.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the at least one gap runs horizontally. This is for luminaires that are in a horizontal plane stretch, particularly advantageous because the gap is then special can be long and thus a particularly good one Air exchange between the interior and the exterior of the Luminaire leads.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the at least one gap is so large that at least one of the reflectors fits through it. That’s it possible in a very simple way, a reflector swap by simply going through the gap in the lamp is pulled out and a new reflector through the gap in the Luminaire is pushed in.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that there are two parallel columns. There through the air exchange between the interior of the lamp te and the outside space improved so that the efficiency the fluorescent lamp (in the luminaire) gets even bigger. Before the two columns are moved to two opposite one another Arranged sides of the lamp. This will be an advantageous one Achieved aesthetic effect because the lamp is symmetrical forms is.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the upper housing part convex with respect to the interior the housing is formed. This creates a roof that covers the filament and that falls from above prevents dirt from falling into the lamp. The dirt that falls on the upper part of the housing slips along the curvature of the upper part of the housing to the outside  down and finally falls down. Dirt that doesn't come from falls, such as dust, can be caused by the convex Shape of the upper part of the housing can be easily cleaned, since none edges and corners that are difficult to access are present.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the upper housing part is transparent. This way all the light emitted upwards and reflected on the ceiling, from where it is perceived as very pleasant scattered light is reflected back into the room. Thus one reaches for the This indirect light has a very high efficiency.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that it is a pendant lamp that by means of connect at least one fastener to a ceiling is cash. The at least one is preferred Fastening element around an electrical sheathed cable. Thereby it is not necessary, but possible to use a steel wire as Carrier to use, on which the lamp is suspended from the ceiling depends. Such a lamp is therefore particularly simple to assemble. This is achieved in that a lamp, the gefer according to one of the configurations described above is very easy to train.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the at least one fastener from one Covering is covered, which is concave with respect to the lamp is formed, in particular in a section the shape of a Has circular segments. Such a canopy-like sale manure has the advantage that the radiated upwards or re reflected light on the ceiling no punctiform high light has dense, but due to the shape of the canopy homogeneous illuminance due to cladding on the ceiling structure is achieved. This leads to a pleasant loading  Illumination by the indirect light from the baldachinar scattered cladding.

A further advantageous development of the invention provides before that the lamp parallel to at least one gap lele axis is pivotable. This makes it possible to use the lamp to pivot into such a position that the at least one Gap is arranged so that it is the lowest point of the lamp forms. This causes foreign objects to fall out possibly got into the interior of the lamp, as with for example flies that were attracted to the lamp and due to the high temperature at the lamp surface in the luminaire cannot withstand the thermal loads. There it is therefore not necessary to take the lamp apart in order to to get such foreign objects out of it.

Another advantageous development of the invention provides that a luminous element is arranged in the receiving device of the lamp. The luminous element is preferably a fluorescent lamp, in particular a high-performance fluorescent lamp. As a result, a high luminance and thus good room illumination are achieved with a relatively thin tube, the advantages outlined above of the illustrated embodiments being particularly effective. In particular, there is a strong increase in efficiency compared to known luminaires with fluorescent lamps. Homogeneous lighting is also provided by indirect light and good glare control from direct light. This glare control is necessary because modern fluorescent lamps have luminance levels of up to 30,000 cd / m ² . If you look directly into such a lamp, the perception of the eye is briefly switched off, so that you then briefly see black dots in front of the eyes. This is avoided by the anti-glare measures. Furthermore, the luminance of the Le te and the surrounding areas is reduced so that when working on the screen in the field of view of the beholder no too high luminance levels occur, so that no glare is perceived by the viewer.

Furthermore, the task is accomplished through a cleaning process of the interior of a lamp, which according to one of the above be Written configurations is designed, the light te is pivoted about the parallel axis. The advantage oils achieved by such a method are above described.

Furthermore, the object is achieved by a method for Illumination of a room, whereby a lamp, which after a of the configurations described above, and / or a reflector, which according to one of the above be is configured, is used. The advantages achieved by such a method are above as part of the description of the reflector or luminaire specified in detail, so that reference was made to them at this point will. In particular, the task is accomplished through a process solved for lighting a room where light from one Illuminant is emitted by a reflector in the bale area is reflected and around the lamp in hits the room to be illuminated. Through this procedure especially the efficiency of lighting a room increased by the fact that nothing that penetrates into the anti-glare area Light is reflected back into the illuminant, but rather guided around the illuminant in the lighting room.

Furthermore, the object is achieved by a method for Reduction of luminance in the direct light of a luminaire, being a partially transparent reflector, which after a of the configurations described above is configured in the radiation field, in particular the beam cone of the light  body is brought. This makes it possible for Luminous bodies that have a high luminance in the Look at the area from which light is emitted by the lamp can without being blinded. The reduction of the luminosity density in direct light does not mean that, however less light leaves the lamp, but not through the partially transparent reflector light is called indirect light perceived, e.g. B. ge over the ceiling is scattered. This results in an optimal efficiency.

A further development of this method according to the invention provides suggests that the degree of luminance reduction by the Use of various partially transparent or transparent renter reflectors is varied. It is possible that on the individual space requirements or personal Preferences of the user of the lamp can be met. So z. B. the luminance of direct light more re be reduced if it is a lamp that often fig in the visual field of the user, for example when looking to a screen that pops up, such as B. a lamp over egg a table. It is also possible to have a lower reduction to choose the direct luminance if the luminaire is on a Place is appropriate where it is hardly in the user's field of vision lies, for example behind a sofa, a closet or a partition.

Another advantageous development of this method provides that the glare angle achieved by the on set and / or move various partially transparent renter or transparent reflectors, which according to one of the above The training courses described are designed to be varied can. This makes it possible to lower the glare angle  which the direct light is glare-free, by the choice of the Re flector and / or the variation of the distance of the reflector of light sources the respective space conditions or the personal taste of the user. For example se it is for a lamp that is in a corner or niche is ordered, not necessary, a large anti-glare angle to provide. On the other hand, this can be the case with a freely located one Chen lamp may be very desirable.

Furthermore, the problem is solved by using a partially transparent reflector, according to one of the above described configurations is designed for glare control the direct light of a lamp. Regarding the benefits reference is made to the above statements.

Furthermore, the problem is solved by using a partially transparent reflector, according to one of the above described embodiments is designed for management of the light emitted by a lamp body around the filament. Regarding the closer Ausgestal tion of the partially transparent reflector and the Its benefits are derived from the above guided tours.

Furthermore, the problem is solved by using a Luminaire designed according to one of the above is designed to increase the efficiency of the light body. Regarding the benefits and details reference is made to the above description.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention are in the Drawings shown and in the description of the figure tert. Show it:  

Fig. 1 shows a section through a first exemplary embodiment of a luminaire according to the invention with an inventive reflector,

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the first execution example of Fig. 1 of the lamp with the reflector,

Fig. 3 view of the first embodiment of the luminaire and of the reflector from the same direction as in Fig. 2, however, the hidden lines are shown,

Fig. 4 is a schematic section through the first example exporting approximately with the single beam path, by the illuminant emitted light rays,

Fig. 5 is a schematic section through a second off operation example of a luminaire, with a Doppelsegment- upper housing part,

Fig. 6 is a schematic section through a third exporting approximately example a reflector having a light-emitting element,

Fig. 7 of a lamp with only a perspective view of the third embodiment of the reflector of Fig. 6,

Fig. 8 is a section through part of a fourth exporting approximately of a reflector,

Fig. 9 is a section through part of a fifth embodiment approximately of a reflector,

Fig. 10 section through part of a sixth embodiment example of part of a reflector and

Fig. 11 is a schematic, perspective view of a fourth embodiment of a lamp in the form of a hanging lamp.

In Fig. 1 a section through a lamp 24 is shown. The lamp 24 has a housing 3 which has an upper housing part 5 and a lower housing part 4 . The upper housing part 5 is connected to the lower housing part 4 by means of a connecting means 10 . The upper housing part 5 is arranged in a holding device 26 on the connecting means 10 . The holding device 26 has two U-shaped legs 26 a, on the inside of which pointed lugs 19 are formed. The lugs 19 engage positively and non-positively in the upper housing part 5 and thus hold it firmly in its position relative to the connecting means 10 . The lower housing part 4 is wavy in cross-section and has a wave crest in its center. This wave crest forms an axis of symmetry 25 , to which the lower housing part is symmetrical. The wave crest rests on a tubular support body 6, which is connected via a connecting means 10 arranged on the bearing block 27 with the binding agent Ver 10th The bearing block 27 encloses the tubular support body 6 in a form-fitting manner on more than half of its circumference. As a result, a secure position fixing of the carrier body 6 with respect to the connecting means 10 and thus also the lower housing part 4 with respect to the connection by means of 10 is achieved. On the lower housing part 4 is a re reflector 8 , in the form of a double-segment reflector, form-fitting sig, which has two wings 8 a, 8 b, which are arranged symmetrically to the axis of symmetry. A knurled screw 28 connects the carrier body 6 to the connecting means 10 and to the lower housing part 4 and the reflector 6 . This ensures a simple and safe connection of these parts to one another and to the upper housing part 5 . The reflector 8 has a reflective surface 12 which faces away from the lower housing part 4 . By the arrangement described from Ge housing upper part 5 , connecting means 10 and lower housing part 4 , an interior 11 of the lamp 24 is defined. A gap 7 is formed between the upper housing part 5 and the lower housing part 4 or the reflector 8 . On the connecting means 10 is a receiving device 2 , in the form of a Lam pen socket for a filament 1 is arranged, in which a filament 1 is arranged. The receiving device 2 in the form of a lamp holder supplies the luminous element 1 with current.

When the luminous body 1 emits light, the air in the interior 11 of the lamp 24 heats up. An air exchange with the outside space is ensured by the column 7 , so that the excess temperature in the interior 11 of the lamp 24 does not increase by more than 5 degrees Celsius. The efficiency of a fluorescent tube depends heavily on the ambient temperature around the filament 1 . After the temperature rises only imperceptibly, the efficiency reduced by thermal effects also drops by at most 5% compared to a free luminous element 1 , that is to say not arranged in a housing 3 . The lower housing part 4 is transparent, on the other hand, the reflector 8 is partially transparent, ie the reflecting surface 12 of the reflector 8 lets through part of the light emitted by the luminous element 1 , another part is reflected. The section through the reflecting surfaces 12 is in each case a second-order line, which consists of continuously differentiated contiguous contour elements, in the simplest case of circular segments or a circular segment. The radii of curvature of the respective segments of the partially transparent reflector are identical to those of the lower housing part 4 except for the material thickness. Due to the design of the reflector 8 shown , it is sufficient that the light emitted by the luminous element 1 is not reflected back onto the luminous element 1 , but is directed past it and thus serves to illuminate the room in which the lamp 24 is located. An optimal efficiency of the luminaire 24 is thus achieved since none of the light rays that are emitted by the lighting element 1 are lost. Due to the partially transparent design of the reflector 8 , glare is sufficient in direct light. This is necessary because modern fluorescent lamps have luminance levels of up to 30,000 cd / m ² . However, such high luminance levels are harmful to the human eye and lead to failure phenomena, so that direct light must be glare-free. By reducing the luminance by a partially transparent reflector 8 , it is therefore possible that the user can look into the direct light of the Leuch te 24 of the lamp without having to reckon with the health damage. The two columns 7 are so large that the reflector 8 can be easily removed from the lamp 24 through them. This makes it easy to replace the reflector 8 . This is e.g. B. is then displayed when damage to the reflector 8 has occurred or when the user of the lamp 24 would like to use a different reflector 8 which has a different partial light transmission, a different pattern or a different color in the lamp 24 . On the other hand, the gap is so small that when the reflector (oBdA) is moved from the right side, the reflector hits the stop lug 29 so that the gap entering the abutting side is smaller than a (VDE) finger, so that the lamp base is not can touch. As an alternative to the stop lug 29 , a stop ring 30 can also be used. This prevents the lamp base from being touched with the (VDE) finger even when the reflector 8 is removed. Optionally, a (in rough operation) necessary locking screw (knurled screw) 28 can connect the lower housing part 4 and / or the support tube 6 and the partially transparent sector 8 and / or the support tube 6 and the connecting part 10 to each other. The upper housing part 5 is completely transparent, so that the entire light radiated directly from the luminous element 1 penetrates through the upper housing part 5 . The same applies to the indirect light reflected by the reflector 8 . As a result, there is no reduction in the beam intensity in the light radiated upwards or reflected upwards, so that a large, uniform, pleasant illuminance is sufficient on the ceiling. The ceiling serves as a diffuser and good illumination of the room in which the lamp 24 is arranged is achieved. The upper housing part 5 is positively connected to the U-shaped legs 26 a of the holding device 26 via the lugs 19 , which may be pyramid-shaped or conical in form. Upon insertion of the upper housing part 5 in the holding device 26, the Spit are the tabs 19 zen deformed and there is a non-positive and form-locking wedging of the noses 19 in the upper housing part. 5 This connection is extremely reliable and there is no unwanted detachment of the upper housing part 5 from the holding device 25 and thus from the connecting means 10 . Elements with the same effect are furthermore provided with the same reference symbols.

In Fig. 2 the first Ausführungsbei known from Fig. 1 game of the lamp 24 shows ge in a perspective view. The lamp 24 (without luminous element 1 ) is essentially cylindrical, the connecting elements 10 being arranged on the end faces of the lamp 24 . The gap 7 he extends from one end of the lamp 24 to the other, that is from the one connecting means 10 to the other connec tion means 10th The upper housing part 5 is inserted into the holding means 26 of the connecting means 10 and is enclosed by the U-shaped leg 26 a. The tubular support body per 6 is gela in the bearing block 27 of the connecting means 10 . On the carrier body 6 , the transparent lower Ge housing part 4 is arranged. The reflector 8 , which is visible through the gap 7, lies on this lower support part 4 . The Re reflector 8 is ge only in a small part of the lamp 24 , so that the lamp body 1 arranged behind it in the interior 11 of the lamp 24 is visible. In reality, it extends the reflector 8 over the entire length of the column 7 from one end of the lamp 24 to the other.

Here, the knurled screw 28 connects the carrier body 6 with the lower housing part 4 but not with the reflector 8 , so that the reflector 8 can be removed from the lamp 24 through the gap 7 and replaced by another reflector 8 .

Fig. 3 is an illustration of the first embodiment of the lamp 24 from the same perspective as in Fig. 2 shows ge, but here the hidden edges are visible ge makes. This will reveal some details, which will be discussed below. The features described on FIG. 2b will not be discussed again. The reflector 8 has two wings 8 a, 8 b, as is already shown in FIG. 1, and lies essentially in a form-fitting manner on the lower housing part 4 . Optionally, the parts described can be connected to one another with a fixing device 28 . The luminous element 1 is stored in the two connecting means 10 in the receiving device 2 , via which it is supplied with current. The electrical supply line, as in the preceding and following figures, does not show ge, since it is not different from conventional lamps 24 and is also not essential to the invention. The lugs 19 on the fixing means 26 can be clearly seen how they engage in the ends of the upper housing part 5 , which are pushed into the fixing means 26 of the connecting means 10 . In addition, the U-shaped enclosing the legs 26 a around the ends of the upper housing part 5 can be seen. The knurled screw 28 connects the same parts as in Fig. 2nd

Fig. 4 shows schematically the beam path in a lamp 24 , which has a partially transparent reflector 8 as the lower housing part 4 and a transparent upper housing part 5 . The light emitted from the lighting fixture 1 upwards is almost not reflected by the transparent upper housing part 5 . The ceiling 21 (see FIG. 11 a) which is generally present above the luminaire 24 is thus directly illuminated. The light emitted downwards from the luminous element 1 strikes the partially transparent reflector 8 , so that part of the light rays are reflected by it. The reflector 8 is designed geometrically so that the light reflected by it does not hit the filament 1 , but is deflected around it. For the sake of clarity, the light rays passing through the reflector 8 are not shown. So that the reflector 8 fulfills this special light-guiding function, it is constructed from two wings 8 a, 8 b, which are formed symmetrically to the axis of symmetry 25 . The axis of symmetry 25 here runs perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. Each of the wings 8 a, 8 b of the reflector 8 is on its reflecting surface 12 in section as a curve of the second order, as a line up of circular segments with continuously differentiable curve contour, preferably as a single circle segment, forms out. The center points of the radii of curvature or the center points of the circular segments lie on center planes that pass through the axis of the luminous element. In the simplest case, it is a horizontal center plane E of the luminous element 1 . The ratio between the distance d of the virtual center points and the center of the lamp body 1 to the respective radii of curvature is in a range from 1: 1 to 2: 1. The reflector 8 reduces the direct proportion of the light emitted by the lamp body 1 , so that there is an anti-glare direct light in the angular range γ. The angle γ depends on how far the reflector 8 is drawn upwards on its contour path (circular segment path). In Fig. 4 it can also be clearly seen how the gaps 7 are formed between the reflector 8 and the upper housing part 5 , through which a good air exchange between the interior 11 of the lamp 24 and the exterior is possible. As a result, the high efficiency of the luminous element 1 already mentioned above can be achieved.

Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of a lamp 24 in a schematic representation, with the transparent upper (monosegment) housing part 5 is replaced by a double-segment housing part 9 compared to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4. The double segment is constructed along the lamp axis symmetrically to the vertical plane which goes through the lamp axis of the Leuch tenelements 1 . The double-segment housing upper part 9 is transparent, so that there is almost the same effect for the rays transmitted by it (except for the reflection and transmission data changed according to the Fresnel formulas), as with the Monoseg element housing part, but with different shape and visual appearance. The same and equivalent parts are designated with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 4. Their arrangement and mode of operation is referred to in the description of FIG. 4. It is also possible to replace the transparent upper housing part 5 by a second reflector 9 . The second reflector 9 is then constructed in the same way as the first reflector 8 and is arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the horizontal center plane E of the lighting element 1 to the first reflector 8 . Also the second reflector 9 is partially transparent, so that for the reflected rays of the light emitted by the lamp, the same effect results as that which was carried out with respect to the first reflector 8 in FIG. 4. As a result, a reduction in the luminance in direct light is achieved in both the upward and downward light of the luminous element. This is particularly advantageous if the lamp 24 is only arranged so high in a room that it can also be viewed from above. For example, this is the case with a desk lamp 24 .

Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of a light 24. To simplify the illustration, only the Leuchtele element 1 is shown in its spatial relationship to the reflector 8 and the lower housing part 4 . The design of the reflector 8 is the same as that shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, so that reference is made to the description of these figures with regard to the individual features. The reflector 8 lies essentially in a form-fitting manner on the lower housing part 4 . Only in the area of the axis of symmetry 25 is the lower housing part 4 rounded and thereby remains at a distance below the reflector 8 . The lower housing part 4 is also made transparent here, on the other hand, the reflector 8 has a partially transparent surface 12 which faces the Leuch telement 1 . The beam path, which represents the light emitted by the luminous element 1 , has been omitted here, but corresponds to that which is shown with regard to the reflector 8 in FIGS. 4 and 5.

Fig. 7 shows the spatial configuration of the reflector 8 shown in Fig. 6 and the lower housing part 4 in a perspective view. It can be clearly seen here that the cross-sectional surfaces 12 of the reflector 8 in the three-dimensional configuration, as shown in FIG. 6, each correspond to a cylinder jacket. The two cylinder jackets are joined together along the axis of symmetry 25 . This configuration gives the beam path shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in the reflected light along the entire length of the tubular lighting element 1 , so that the reflected light from the reflector 8 is not radiated back into the lighting element 1 , but is deflected around it. As a result, the large luminous efficacy described above is ensured along the entire length of the lighting element 1 .

Fig. 8 shows a further embodiment of a reflector 8. This is a perforated plate 18 made of a reflective material, for example aluminum, which has holes 18 a and webs 18 b located between them. The reflector 8 is partially transparent, since it reflects the light falling on it from a luminous element 1 only at the points where the webs 18 b are between the holes 18 a. If a light beam falls on one of the holes 18 a, the water light beam passes unhindered through the reflector 8 . The degree of transparency of the reflector 8 and thus its anti-glare property by reducing the luminance perceived by the viewer is determined by the ratio of the area of the holes 18 a to the area of the webs 18 b and the hole size itself. Such a reflector 8 in the form of a perforated plate 18 is very simple and inexpensive to manufacture, in which holes 18 a are punched out of an aluminum plate, for example. Thus, the buyer of a lamp 24 can, depending on the use of the lamp 24 and the desired properties thereof, select the reflector 8 that suits him and insert it into the lamp 24 .

Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment of a reflector 8. The reflector 8 has a transparent base body 13 , for example made of a transparent plastic, such as. B. plexiglass. A reflective, perforated material 14 , which can be metallic, for example, is applied to the transparent base body 13 by means of a screen printing method. With this reflector 8 , those light rays are reflected which strike the reflecting material 14 . The degree of reduction in the luminance which is achieved by the reflector 8 also depends here on the ratio between the reflecting surface and the transmitting surface and the hole size. This means that by the size of the surface to which reflective material 14 is brought up, the degree of reduction in luminance can be set. Such a reflector 8 can also be specifically adjusted to the wishes of the customer and can be produced in many different variants with regard to the reduction of the luminance.

Fig. 10 shows another embodiment of a reflector 8th This reflector 8 also has a transparent base body 13 . A film 17 is glued onto this transparent base body 13 , which has reflecting regions 15 and transparent regions 16 . Regarding the degree of reduction in luminance and the simplicity of manufacture or responding to customer requests, the same applies as has already been explained above with regard to FIGS. 8 and 9.

In Fig. 11, another embodiment of a Le te 24 is shown. This is a pendant lamp that is attached to a ceiling 21 . The lamp 24 is only shown schematically here, the upper housing part 5 and the lower housing part 4 being shown with the columns 7 arranged therebetween. In contrast, neither the connecting means 10 nor the lighting element 1 are shown. The lamp 24 is so light that it is sufficient to hang it on two man lines 20 , which carry the electrical current, on the ceiling 21 . It is not necessary to use steel wire for this; nevertheless, these could be used in addition or integrated in the management line. The fastening points of the electrical sheathed cables 20 on the ceiling 21 are covered by a cover 22 . The cladding 22 is designed as a canopy. It is concave with respect to the lamp 24 and extends parallel to the longitudinal extent of the lamp 24 . In cross section it is formed like a cross section of the housing upper part 5 circular segment. This results in a configuration in the form of a cylinder jacket segment for the cladding 22 . In addition to the aesthetic effect that the suspension points of the lamp 24 are covered on the ceiling 21 , such a covering 22 also has a positive effect on the lighting of the entire room in which the lamp 24 is located. Due to the concave configuration with regard to the lamp 24 , there are no punctiform high luminance levels, so-called luminance peak, but a homogeneous luminance distribution. The light scattered on the cladding 22 in the light radiated upwards or reflected, thus lead to a uniform and pleasant indirect lighting of the room for the viewer. The two Stel len, at which the two sheathed lines 20 emerge from the lamp 24 , define an axis 23 which is parallel to that in the columns 7 . This on the top of the housing top part 5 axis 23 serves as a pivot axis about which the entire lamp 24 is pivotable. By pivoting the lamp 24 about this axis 23 , it is possible to pivot the lamp 24 into a position in which one of the two gaps 7 forms the lowest point of the lamp 24 . As a result of foreign bodies falling, which may have accumulated in the interior 11 of the lamp 24 , out of the lamp 24 . This provides a simple and inexpensive way of cleaning the interior 11 of the lamp 24 . This is necessary for example when flies have flown into the interior 11 of the lamp 24 and there are no longer able to fly due to the large thermal load. This is particularly advantageous if the lamp 24 is made in two parts, since a one-piece lamp 24 cannot be disassembled into the upper housing part 5 , lower housing part 4 and connecting means 10 .

Reference list

1

Filament (lamp)

2nd

Cradle

3rd

casing

4th

Lower part of the housing

5

Upper part of the housing

6

Carrier body

7

gap

8th

first reflector

8th

a,

8th

b wing

9

second reflector

10th

Lanyard (side part)

11

Interior of the lamp

12th

reflective surface

13

transparent body

14

reflective material

15

reflective area

16

transparent area

17th

foil

18th

Perforated reflector plate

18th

a hole

18th

b bridge

19th

nose

20th

Fastening element (sheathed cable)

21

blanket

22

Cladding (canopy)

23

parallel axis of the fasteners

24th

lamp

25th

Axis of symmetry of the lower part of the housing

26

Holding means

26

a U-shaped leg

27

Bearing block

28

Thumbscrew

29

Stop nose

30th

Stop ring
E horizontal median plane
M center
γ glare-free angular range

Claims (40)

1. reflector ( 8 , 9 ) for a lamp ( 24 ) with at least egg ner reflecting surface ( 12 ), characterized in that it is designed such that that of a lamp ( 1 ) of the lamp ( 24 ) emitted and at the reflect the surface ( 12 ) reflected light does not hit the filament ( 1 ). 2. reflector ( 8 , 9 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflecting surface ( 12 ) is a second-order surface, in particular a circle, ellipse, hyperbolic segment or a combination of the individual. 3. reflector ( 8 , 9 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has two symmetrical to an axis of symmetry ( 25 ) arranged reflecting surfaces ( 12 ). 4. reflector ( 8 , 9 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is partially transparent. 5. reflector ( 8 , 9 ) according to claim 4, characterized in
that it has a transparent base body ( 13 ) on which a reflective, perforated, metallic material ( 14 ) is arranged, which is preferably embossed or applied or vapor-deposited by means of a screen printing process; and or
on the transparent base body ( 13 ) a film ( 17 ) with transparent areas ( 16 ) and reflecting areas ( 15 ) is attached, which is preferably glued on; and or
on the transparent base body ( 13 ) a substrate is brought up; and or
the transparent base body ( 13 ) is hollow and a powder is arranged in its interior. 6. reflector ( 8 , 9 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that it has a perforated reflector plate ( 18 ), wherein the reflecting surface ( 12 ) is preferably designed as a high-gloss or matt-gloss mirror reflector. 7. reflector ( 8 , 9 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is elongated, curved or annular. 8. lamp ( 24 ) with a receiving device ( 2 ) for a luminous element ( 1 ) and
having a housing ( 3 ) which at least partially surrounds an interior ( 11 ) provided for the luminous element ( 1 ), the housing ( 3 ) having an upper housing part ( 5 ) and a lower housing part ( 4 ), characterized in that
that the upper housing part ( 5 ) has a first reflector ( 8 ) and / or
the lower housing part ( 4 ) has a second reflector ( 9 ), each of which is designed according to one of the preceding claims. 9. lamp ( 24 ) with a receiving device ( 2 ) for a luminous element ( 1 ) and
having a housing ( 3 ) which at least partially surrounds an interior ( 11 ) provided for the luminous element ( 1 ), the housing ( 3 ) having an upper housing part ( 5 ) and a lower housing part ( 4 ), characterized in that
that between the upper housing part ( 5 ) and the lower housing part ( 4 ) there is at least one gap ( 7 ) through which an air exchange between the housing ( 3 ) surrounded by the interior ( 11 ) of the lamp ( 24 ) and the exterior is possible. 10. lamp ( 24 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that
that the upper housing part ( 5 ) has a first reflector ( 8 ) and / or
the lower housing part ( 4 ) a second. Has reflector ( 9 ), which is designed according to one of the claims directed to a reflector ( 8 , 9 ). 11. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that the housing ( 3 ) has a cylindrical or tubular shape. 12. Luminaire ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a luminaire ( 24 ), characterized in that the upper housing part ( 5 ) is connected to the lower housing part ( 4 ) via connecting means ( 10 ). 13. Luminaire ( 24 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the upper housing part ( 5 ) and / or the lower housing part ( 4 ) are easily detachably connected to the connec tion means ( 10 ). 14. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting means ( 10 ) are arranged at the ends of the housing ( 3 ). 15. Luminaire ( 24 ) according to one of the three preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting means ( 10 ) have lugs ( 19 ) which engage non-positively and positively in the upper housing part ( 5 ) and / or the lower housing part ( 4 ). 16. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that the lower housing part ( 4 ) is formed in two parts, wherein it has a carrier body ( 6 ) with which the reflector ( 8 ) is released is connected, which is held in its position with respect to the upper housing part ( 5 ) by the connecting means ( 10 ). 17. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that the lower housing part ( 4 ) optionally also the reflector ( 8 ) with the carrier body ( 6 ) and the connecting means ( 10 ) by means of a simple knurled screw ( 28 ) is connected. 18. Lamp ( 24 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the carrier body ( 6 ) is tubular. 19. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that the housing ( 3 ) is annular. 20. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that the housing ( 3 ) is formed in one piece. 21. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that the at least one gap ( 7 ) runs parallel to the carrier body (horizontally). 22. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that the at least one gap ( 7 ) is so large that at least one of the reflectors ( 8 , 9 ) fits through it. 23. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that two mutually parallel columns ( 7 ) are present. 24. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that the upper housing part ( 5 ) is convex with respect to the interior ( 11 ) of the housing ( 3 ). 25. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that the upper housing part ( 5 ) is transparent. 26. Luminaire ( 24 ) according to any one of the preceding, to a Leuch te ( 24 ) claims, characterized in that it is a hanging lamp which can be connected by means of at least one fastening element ( 20 ) to a ceiling ( 21 ). 27. Luminaire ( 24 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the at least one fastening element ( 20 ) is an electrical sheathed cable. 28. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one fastening element ( 20 ) is covered by a covering ( 22 ) which is concave with respect to the lamp ( 24 ), in particular in a section the shape of continuously differentiable lined up circular segments. 29. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that it is pivotable about an axis ( 23 ) parallel to the at least one gap ( 7 ). 30. Lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims, directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that a luminous element ( 1 ) is arranged in the receiving device ( 2 ). 31. Luminaire ( 24 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the luminous element ( 1 ) is a fluorescent lamp, in particular a high-performance fluorescent lamp. 32. Method for cleaning the interior ( 10 ) of a lamp ( 24 ) which is designed according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that the lamp ( 24 ) is pivoted about the parallel axis ( 23 ) becomes. 33. A method for illuminating a room, characterized in that light is emitted by a lamp, is reflected by a reflector ( 8 , 9 ) in the anti-glare area and hits around the lamp in the room to be illuminated. 34. A method for reducing the luminance in the direct light of a lamp ( 24 ), characterized in that a partially transparent reflector ( 8 , 9 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a reflector ( 8 , 9 ) into the radiation field of the radiation body ( 1 ) is brought. 35. The method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the degree of reduction in luminance is varied by inserting various partially transparent reflectors ( 8 , 9 ). 36. The method according to any one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the glare reduction achieved can be varied by inserting and / or moving partially transparent reflectors ( 8 , 9 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a reflector ( 8 , 9 ) . 37. A method of achieving a uniformly decreasing illuminance from the edge, characterized in that a reflector ( 8 , 9 ) according to one of the preceding claims, directed towards a reflector ( 8 , 9 ) is used. 38. Use of a partially transparent reflector ( 8 , 9 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a reflector ( 8 , 9 ) for glare control of the direct light of a lamp ( 24 ). 39. Use of a partially transparent reflector ( 8 , 9 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a reflector ( 8 , 9 ) for directing the light emitted by a filament ( 1 ) of a lamp ( 24 ) around the filament ( 1 ) around. 40. Use of a lamp ( 24 ) according to one of the preceding claims directed to a lamp ( 24 ) to increase the efficiency of the luminous element ( 1 ).