DE19731633A1 - Emergency rescue vehicle control device esp. for fire engine based rescue of trapped persons in high rise building - Google Patents

Abstract

The control device has a targetting and/or viewing device, for determining the angular position of each person to be rescued and supplying a corresponding control signal to a microprocessor. A range measuring device determines the distance between a reference point on the rescue vehicle and each person to be rescued, to provide a second control signal for the microprocessor, for control of the rescue ladder or platform etc., with a display indicating when the calculated target point is reached.

Description

1 Introduction

For the rescue of people from great heights and for fighting fires, a fire-rage persists hoisting vehicles. Lifeboat vehicles are divided into three sub-groups shares, which are named according to the type of their structures:

• - aerial ladder (with and without rescue cage),
• - articulated mast and
• - Telescopic mast.

For clarity is in the following description and the claims of the The term "aerial ladder" is used to represent all types of aerial rescue vehicles.

The requirements for aerial rescue vehicles differ internationally and are here based on the requirements in Germany, which are specified in DIN 14 502 and 14 701 are decorated.

The most common vehicle in Germany is the turntable ladder 23-12 with rescue cage, in which the nominal rescue height is 23 m with a nominal radius of 12 m. This fire engine fulfills the requirements of the respective state building regulations for the second escape route for recreation rooms in buildings of low and medium height, which is usually ensured by an instructable window by portable ladders or lifesaving vehicles.

To skyscrapers (buildings where the floor has at least one lounge more than 22 m above the surface of the site) there are separate structural requirements This is no longer the case since these people can no longer be rescued using the usual aerial rescue vehicle witness can be met. In these cases, the supplier market also has a longer stroke  rescue vehicles with ladder lengths up to 50 m in front.

The turntable ladder for saving people is therefore of central importance fire engines in Germany usually only portable ladders with a Ge Keep a total length of 14 m (rescue height 12.20 m). That factor will also taken into account in the approval practice for buildings, since the building permit from Medium-height buildings without additional requirements for the escape and rescue routes is made dependent on the availability of an aerial rescue vehicle.

2. Integration of the aerial rescue vehicle in the operational sequence of the fire brigades

The majority of fire and rescue operations by fire departments take place in / on buildings instead of rescuing people at risk from the helpers usually two ways to be followed in parallel: the so-called "internal attack" via the stairwell and the so-called "external attack" over ladders.

Since stairwells are often smoky, there is no local knowledge on the part of the fire departments and rescue and extinguishing agents must be carried by the helpers is the outside often attacked the faster and safer way to rescue those seeking help.

The aerial rescue vehicle is of central importance for these tasks, which is why for all fire service missions in / on buildings or at great heights and distances is carried along.

Advantages of the aerial rescue vehicle over conventional portable ladders are u. a. in the ladder length (30 m compared to 14 m), in the lower binding of rescue workers (Rescue vehicle: two people - portable ladders: four people), the safe Rescue of the handicapped, injured and sick by means of a rescue basket or sick wear, the safer climbing by inexperienced, the much larger rescue field and the greater opportunities for involvement in the rescue of groups of people.

This is one of the first measures in fire brigade operations, the aerial rescue drive positioned. However, the uses of aerial rescue driving are also testify limited. The area of application of the aerial rescue vehicles is u. a. by following Parameters affected:

• - the support width of the hydraulic support rams,
• - The load on the ladder due to the weight of the rescuer or those to be rescued and that Weight of any additional devices such as rescue cage or stretcher and their Distance from the fulcrum,
• - the selected conductor length, d. H. the loading of the ladder by its own weight, and
• - the selected angle.

These individual parameters are verified in the vehicles of most manufacturers by ver different sensors are identified and referenced by an electronic microprocessor system hung to the design-related load limits. The field of application is derived from this or the area of application of the aerial rescue vehicle. If this area of application is about the vehicle switches off automatically because the load limit has been reached and that There is a risk of the entire vehicle tipping over. A control device of this type is e.g. B. in the EP - 0 059 901.

To clarify the relationships between the parameters, these are described in the Operating instructions for aerial rescue vehicles in so-called field diagrams shown schematically.

In order to ensure the largest possible rescue area for the aerial rescue vehicle, emp For this reason, the tactics of the fire brigades do not position the Hubret vehicle immediately in front of the site. All other vehicles on the fire truck are placed in front of and behind the aerial ambulance.

3. Workflow for the use of an aerial rescue vehicle, problem

When the lifeboat has arrived at the site, the two are on Forces (machinist and squad leader) to rescue people by means of aerial rescue vehicle usually requires the following steps:

• 1) The vehicle is parked in front of the place of use and usually by means of a spring washer Safe brake secured against rolling away.
• 2) The operator leaves the cab and goes to the control center for the vehicle  support at the rear of the vehicle.
• 3) Here he extends the support for the left vehicle support, then he goes to the right side of the rear of the vehicle and there extends the right vehicle support. Due to safety locking devices, the ladder can only be supported after this process can be extended.
• 4) The operator leaves the rear of the vehicle and goes to the control station at the Basis of the circuit board, where the control panel for the circuit board or the like is installed.
• 5) If necessary, the operator actuates the release for the rescue basket and moves it to the vertical position.
• 6) The squad leader climbs into the rescue cage, where there is another helm to operate of the circuit park or the like.
• 7) The machinist or squad leader now moves the ladder tip to the desired position target, the distance of which can be up to 30 m due to the design.

This time for the work to prepare the lifeboat in front of the park The time it takes to reach the mission goal depends on the practice and experience The emergency services and the respective general conditions take about 2 to 5 minutes.

However, reaching the desired destination depends on the vehicle-related para meters (conductor length, support width etc.) in relation to the purpose of the application staff must be assessed. This requires a good estimation of the Ein set manager or vehicle personnel and the machinist as well as extensive practical experience of the emergency services.

Inevitably, these two requirements are not always met, so in practice there are misjudgments regarding the field of application of the aerial rescue vehicle. This may result in the end stop being reached shortly before the person seeking help is reached tion of the aerial rescue vehicle as an anti-tip protection, the ladder is extended further breaks. On the one hand, the operational success is no longer guaranteed at this moment, on the other on the other hand, this can also lead to panic-like reactions from the person seeking help, who believes no longer being able to be saved.  

Also by manually bridging the entire safety devices, the rest is associated with high risks (tipping of the entire vehicle!) in some cases len the goal can not be reached, so that a transfer of the vehicle is necessary becomes.

For this purpose, all of the above-mentioned work steps must first be carried out in reverse order 7 to 1 , since the vehicle cannot be moved otherwise because of the safety devices or the circuit board or the like cannot be extended. If the vehicle is repositioned, all work steps 1 to 7 must be carried out again.

Due to an "estimation error", the time between the arrival of the lifting rescue vehicle at the place of use and reaching the destination or the person seeking help can be 10 to 15 minutes. If the alarm time, the travel time and the time spent exploring the helpers are added at this time, the time between emergency and assistance is extended by another.

In addition to the obvious disadvantages of such delays, such delays also violate ge against existing law. The rescue law for the rescue service writes an Er usually reach the site after a maximum of 8 minutes, because after this time at consequential damages are expected. This time is due to the fire protection service for the evaluation of the operating times and the planning of guard locations via taken because the consequences on the health of those seeking help should be assessed immediately and the spread of fire is exponential with respect to the time factor.

This means that there are immense estimation errors in the positioning of the aerial rescue vehicle Consequences for the health and life of those seeking help and the limitation the damage situation.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device which while avoiding the disadvantages described above, an opti for the application positioning of an aerial ambulance safely and quickly.

4. Solution

This object is achieved by a device according to the invention solved.  

The fact that in a lifeboat vehicle according to the prior art a DF or Sighting device for aiming or sighting with the lifeboat appropriate target (rescue target), to measure the bearing angle and to issue a tax signals to the microprocessor, also a distance measuring device for direct measurement solution of the distance between a reference point of the lifeboat and the ret tion target and for outputting a control signal to the microprocessor, the micropro processor uses a calculation rule to calculate the accessibility of the rescue target the basis of the measured bearing angle and the measured distance, and finally a display device which indicates to the vehicle personnel whether the ret is achievable, it is possible to simulate the rescue process Ren and early to detect whether the turntable ladder or the like correct location is selected.

In conventional microprocessor systems serve as the basis for the calculation of the standi Safety of the lifeboat from sensors supplied measurement signals u. a. of length the extended ladder and its angle of attack. Instead of these actual values occur in the device according to the invention from the distance measuring device ge delivered distance measuring signal and a signal supplied by the direction finder with respect of the angle. The other values included in the calculation (e.g. outrigger width or contact pressure resulting from the quality of the substrate) can either be in the Pro suitable pre-selected grams (e.g. worst possible values, optimal values, through average values) or selected by the operating personnel. The calculation itself takes place in the usual way.

The device thus provides the following answers in relation to the deployment given:

• - The location of the vehicle is correct, i. H. the entire intended rescue area is covered by the field of application.
• - Not all desired destinations can be reached by this location of the vehicle the. Rescue focal points must be formed by the emergency services, on Final relocation of the vehicle is necessary for the comprehensive accessibility of all destinations agile. If necessary, other ways and means of use such as. B. an additional aerial rescue vehicle can be selected.  
• - The mission target cannot be achieved with the aerial rescue vehicle, other on Record paths and / or resources must be chosen.

This information enables better deployment planning and it becomes unnecessary and, under certain circumstances, life-threatening loss of time when taking the Hubret Avoided vehicle.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

A preferred embodiment provides that an input device for entering the expected load of the aerial rescue vehicle is provided, which a control signal outputs the microprocessor, which has a calculation rule for calculating the reach saved the rescue destination based on the entered load.

This measure makes it possible within the framework of the design-related maximum load enter the desired load for the respective application. That means it finds a Vor selection instead of whether the maximum load is required or whether to fulfill the assignment is sufficient for a lower load.

Another preferred embodiment provides that an input device for the the possible support width and / or the expected contact pressure of the Hubret tion vehicle is provided, which outputs a control signal to the microprocessor, the one Calculation rule for calculating the accessibility of the rescue target on the ground location of the entered support width and / or the entered contact pressure Has.

This measure makes it possible within the framework of the maximum support required for the design the support width that is possible under the spatial conditions and that after the sub Enter the contact pressure to be expected for the respective application. So it takes place a pre-selection instead of which support widths such. B. "Internal support" or "wide From support "are possible under the respective local conditions, and whether, for example, an" opti painter "," moderate "or" poor "surface with appropriate contact pressure ben is.  

It is further preferred if the display device is additionally on the vehicle driver shows which alternative changes to the parameters can be made so that the goal becomes achievable.

This information gives the driver the freedom to choose alternative dimensions given to optimize the field of application. This gives the driver the Decision-making options for changing the parameters that are most effective or the quickest way to achieve the goal.

A preferred embodiment provides for direct measurement of the distance using a laser. In the case of measuring systems working with lasers, the measuring tolerances can be more difficult Influencing factors (visual impairment due to smoke, temperature differences due to fire etc.) compared to other measuring systems such. B. ultrasound, radar or infrared on a Mi. be limited.

It is further preferred if the direction finder or sighting device comprises a laser. Here The target can be sighted without optical aids even in poor visibility (smoke, darkness, etc.) can be clearly targeted by the visible laser beam.

It is further preferred to measure the distance by means of the laser of the bearing or Perform sighting device. On the one hand, this measure helps to reduce costs at (only one laser instead of two lasers) and on the other hand there is a comparison between the two Facilities or the distance and angle measurement signals supplied by them are avoided the.

Another preferred embodiment provides that the results of several individual measurements can be displayed in a common display.

In rescue operations, it is not only important to identify certain individual points (= rescue targets) approach, but it may also be necessary to have several points or one to be able to reach a certain area. This is e.g. B. the case when several people attend Different windows of a building need to be saved if obvious there are multiple sources of fire in a building or if one person is in Suicidal move on a roof. In these cases, the lifeboat must be positioned so that all destinations can be reached without moving the vehicle nen. For this purpose, the vehicle operator carries out several measuring processes with the different ones  NEN rescue targets one after the other, with the measurement results in a common Display so that it is not otherwise noted or retained have to.

So that the vehicle driver can quickly get an overview of the turntable ladder can provide rescue targets without manually pinging the different targets len, an embodiment in which the individual measurements are also preferred With the help of an automatic movement device can be obtained, the Peil- or Vi siereinrichtung and the distance measuring device covering the entire area sentence field moves and scans.

As a result of this e.g. B. the driver receives line-by-line scanning on his Display device Information about which area or which room is reached can, which area can only be reached under certain specifications and which goals can be.

To make the display as realistic as possible, this can be done according to another option form of a video image of the field of application.

5. Description based on preferred embodiments

The present invention is described below based on currently preferred embodiments Forms described with reference to the accompanying drawing figures, the following demonstrate:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a turntable ladder with an embodiment of the device according to the invention in front of the place of use;

FIG. 2a shows a schematic rear view of the turntable ladder from FIG. 1;

FIG. 2b shows a schematic plan view of the turntable ladder of Fig. 1:

Fig. 3 shows schematically the calculation process in the operating and simulation modes;

Fig. 4 shows the resulting through use of the inventive apparatus decision paths of the vehicle driver;

FIG. 5a shows details of the inventive device in side view;

Fig. 5b shows detail of the device according to the invention in plan view;

Fig. 6 shows schematically the guiding of the measurement laser during the automatic scanning of the application field in a further embodiment; and

FIG. 7 schematically shows the display of the measurement results provided by the embodiment from FIG. 6.

A turntable ladder 1 is shown schematically in FIG. 1. This is parallel to the site, a house front 2 with at different heights and different lateral positions angeord Neten windows 3 a to 3 d, where 4 a to 4 d are to be rescued people. In Fig. 2 it can be seen that the turntable ladder 1 is with a projection 5 from the front 2 .

The ladder 6 is neither raised nor turned nor extended. The supports 7 are also still in the retracted position.

With the reference numeral 8 , a combined bearing or sighting and distance measuring device is designated. This is attached to the turntable ladder 1 at a location that enables an unobstructed view of the place of use, regardless of whether the turntable ladder 1 is located to the right or left or a little to the front or back of the place of use. This point should be as high as possible, e.g. B. above the ladder 6 and preferably in the longitudinal axis of the aerial ladder 1 lie. In the present embodiment, a location in the middle at the front end of the roof of the driver's cab 9 is selected. However, it is also possible to arrange the direction finder or sighting and distance measuring device on the steering position of the ladder, on the front of the driver's cab or within the same.

The skilled person can assemble the combined direction finder or sighting and distance measuring device 8 from the following commercially available components (cf. FIGS. 5a and 5b):

A laser distance measuring device 9 , a servomotor-operated movement device 10 , which enables rotation about a vertical axis V, a servomotor-operated movement device 11 , which enables rotation about a horizontal axis H, and also angle sensors for determining the current rotational position of the two servomotor-operated movement devices 10 and 11 .

The measured values supplied by the laser distance measuring device 9 and the angle sensors are input to a microprocessor, as will be described below.

For the manual actuation of the servo motors there is a control not shown here installation in the driver's cabin. This control device can be via electrical lines, Data lines, radio, infrared or the like are connected to the servo motors and is near the usage field display or other monitoring equipment for the Turntable ladder operation arranged.

In contrast to the rescue procedure shown above, the invention is designed with the device according to the rescue procedure as follows:

The driver first switches the on-board electronics when they arrive at the site instead of "normal" real operation, in which all variables relevant to safety (from support width, angle and extension length of the ladder etc.) can be measured during operation "Simulation", in which certain values are entered or simulated, and thus the DF or sighting and distance measuring device. The one from the other sensors Lower values are blocked or not queried.

After a corresponding request in a display, the vehicle operator enters whether and how far it is possible to extend the supports 7 (not, half, completely) and how well he assesses the quality of the surface (optimal, moderate, poor). These inputs are available to the microprocessor for the calculations and replace the values for the support width and the contact pressure measured in real operation, as can be seen from FIG. 3.

After a further request, he enters the desired load (e.g. two people, one person with a rescue basket and stretcher, bridge load or the like) according to his intended tactic. This input is also available to the microprocessor for the calculations and replaces the values for the load measured in real operation, as can also be seen from FIG. 3.

The entries described should be easy to use even in stressful situations ment. For the choice of the load z. B. a toggle switch can be used which controls the pictograms for the load, which are usually present anyway. Will the When the toggle switch is depressed at one end, the pictograms appear one after the other however, in the order of increasing load, the toggle switch turns on the other  Depressed at the end, the pictograms appear one after the other in the order decreasing reducing load.

After these two inputs, the driver moves the control device, not shown, for the servo motors, the visible measuring laser beam 12 to the desired target, for. B. the window 3 a. The distance 13 is measured continuously or at a high repetition rate, so that immediately after the target is aimed, the corresponding value is available for further processing by the microprocessor (cf. FIG. 3).

The same applies to the signals supplied by the angle sensors. These firstly provide information about the angle at which the conductors 6 are set in real operation and secondly about the angle at which the conductor park would have to be rotated in real operation. It must be emphasized at this point that the angles α and β shown in FIGS . 2a and 2b represent the position of the measuring device 8 . If the position of the measuring device 8 and the pivot points of the conductors 6 do not coincide as in the case shown (height distance h and distance a), these distances must be taken into account and the corresponding angles calculated using the trigonometric sets.

The microprocessor now uses these values to calculate whether the operation of the aerial ladder 1 is safe, using the programmed calculation rule, the specific vehicle data and the load limits. As can be seen from FIG. 3, it does not make the (usual) decision as to whether or not movement of the ladder 6 is interrupted, but instead indicates whether the destination could be reached or not.

If the goal can be reached, the process can be used for other goals such as: B. the window 3 b can be retrieved again. The vehicle driver can thus get an overview of which goals he can still achieve from the position he has taken and can accordingly adapt his tactics and / or the vehicle location. This means that the operator can find out whether he can reach the destination before the first jack is extended!

After the simulation process is completed, the driver switches the on-board electronics from "simulation" to "real operation", whereupon the usual operation with extension the supports and the ladder etc. as is possible in the prior art. It will be the Calculation then again based on the real measured values, and the Safety shutdowns in the event of overload as before. Even if the  Vehicle drivers, for example, should have been wrong about the quality of the surface, there are no risks as the safety shutdown as in the prior art continues to work.

If the destination cannot be reached, there are various options, as shown in FIG. 4.

It must first be decided whether the preselected or preset load can be reduced, whether little instead of the simultaneous burden of two people at least the burden of individual people is possible. The debit pre-selection can do this can be changed by pressing the corresponding button.

The same applies to the preselected or preset support width. So occurs in action often the situation occurs that a parked vehicle further extends the stay tongues hindered. Can the target z. B. not with half support, but with full Ab support width can be reached according to the simulation, the driver can decide that the parked vehicle must be removed to fully extend the outriggers enable.

The same applies to the preselected or preset expected contact pressure pressure. If the simulation is promising, this can e.g. B. on soft ground can be improved by placing planks under it.

The decision order shown in FIG. 4 is only exemplary and not compelling. It is also possible to vary the support width first, then the contact pressure and finally the load. In this case, e.g. B. in contrast to the foregoing order that the desired load would be possible by a simultaneous improvement of the contact pressure and an increase in the support width.

In the first order, this possibility would not have been discovered. It is basic In addition, it makes sense to use the other before the parameters that should not be changed if possible to vary their parameters.

However, if the goal cannot be reached even under the most favorable conditions, i. H. with least possible load with the widest support and optimal subsoil, there is an ent speaking display, so as not to waste time on new entries.

In this case, the display shows (e.g. 7 m forward, 3 m left),  how the vehicle would have to be moved to reach the destination. The driver must then assess whether this is possible or choose a different tactic.

These statements clearly define the current operational value of the aerial rescue vehicle kidney. They provide the driver with clear information about the operational concept, i.e. H. the extent to which the aerial rescue vehicle can perform all of the desired tasks , relocating the vehicle or even changing the overall tactics is agile.

Another preferred embodiment is described below, the same or parts with the same effect are designated identically.

This embodiment has a combined direction finder or sight and range finder direction as described above.

However, it differs from this on the one hand in that the bearing or sighting and Distance measuring device via the remote control or the servo motors does not work Finally, it is set up manually on one target at a time, but by an automatic one Scan control is moved over a large target area, and on the other hand by the art the presentation of the simulation results obtained in this way.

The functionality can best be explained by a typical operational sequence:
After the turntable ladder has been brought into position, the driver switches the on-board electronics to "simulation" and thus the direction-finding or sighting and distance measuring device.

An input of parameters (possible width of coverage, desired load, quality of the Background or contact pressure) as in the embodiment described above is unnecessary yourself.

With the control device for the servo motors, he moves the visible measuring laser beam to a reference point, preferably in the center of the field of application. However, it is also possible to start near the upper and left end of the desired area of use (point "Start" in FIG. 6). This setting is the only manual setting required. The automatic scan control now causes the servo motors, the DF or sighting and Ent distance measuring device with sufficient resolution, for. B. at a distance of 10 cm, lines to move down. The direction finder or sighting and distance measuring device is guided for reasons of speed preferably in the odd lines from left to right and in the even lines from right to left (see FIG. 6).

During this process takes place with sufficient resolution, e.g. B. every 10 cm, one measurement process takes place, the distance and angle measured values of the microprocessor as above wrote used to calculate the reachability of the destination. However, the Calculation not only for certain (preset or preselected) parameters, but also for all possible combinations of parameters, e.g. B. "bad underground, maxi male support, one person load "," good ground, half support, one person son with stretcher "etc. The results are stored temporarily.

As soon as the calculation shows that even with the cheapest combination of parameters (best subsoil, maximum support, lowest load) several neighboring and currently targeted targets cannot be reached, a line end to the right or left is reached, so that the bearing or sight - And distance measuring device can be returned. If no targets can be reached at all, the bottom line is reached so that the scan control is switched off (point "Stop" in Fig. 6).

The information now available regarding the under certain conditions targets that can be reached in the scanned area (grid 10 cm × 10 cm) must now be suitably prepared and visualized. This is done in the present version preferred form in the following way:

From the scanned area, a video image ( FIG. 7) is recorded and displayed on a screen 14 by means of a video camera integrated in the bearing or sighting and distance measuring device. A black and white video image is sufficient. This picture is then the z. B. results with different colors overlaid, z. B. a blue cross for each target point that can be reached with the parameter combination "bad ground, maximum support, one person load". Other symbols or colors are assigned to their parameter combinations. A corresponding legend is shown for better understanding.

Because e.g. B. all goals with the parameter combination "bad surface, maximum support, one person load" also with the parameter combination "medium surface, maximum support, one person load" or the parameter combination "good surface, maximum support, one person load""are achievable, the individual areas overlap. The clarity of the representation can suffer from this. It is therefore particularly advantageous if the display is limited to the boundary lines of the individual areas, as is shown schematically in FIG. 7. For example, B. the area within line 18 with the parameter combination "good underground, maximum support, one person load" can be reached. The area within line 17 , on the other hand, could still be accessible even when loaded with another person (parameter combination "good surface, maximum support, two persons load"). The area within line 15 could e.g. B. can also be reached with half a support (parameter combination "good surface, half support, one person load").

The area outside line 18 , on the other hand, cannot be reached even with the most favorable parameter combination. For this area, the display indicated at 19 shows how the vehicle would have to be moved in order to still reach this area.

6. Final remark

Even if the use of the devices described for a vehicle driver superfluous because of his performance in simple cases, she supports him in complex cases, cases of doubt or in limit areas of application. On Due to the quickly available and comprehensible information, the vehicle driver receives one important decision-making basis that helps him, based on his experience, the right one to choose sentence tactics, to optimally exploit the potential of the aerial rescue vehicle and to provide help as quickly as possible. In addition, use of the device is too Training purposes make sense.

Claims (10)

1. Control device for an aerial rescue vehicle such. B. aerial ladder, telescopic mast, Ge steering mast or similar lifting arm, characterized by

• - A direction finder or sighting device for aiming or aiming at the target to be reached with the lifeboat (rescue target), for measuring the bearing angle and for outputting a control signal to a microprocessor;
• - A distance measuring device for directly measuring the distance between a reference point of the lifeboat and the rescue target and for outputting a control signal to the microprocessor;
• the microprocessor has stored a calculation rule for calculating the accessibility of the rescue target on the basis of the measured bearing angle and the measured distance,
• - A display device that indicates to the vehicle manager whether the rescue target is reachable.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that an input device is provided for entering the expected load of the lifeboat, the outputs a control signal to the microprocessor, which a calculation rule for loading calculation of the accessibility of the rescue target based on the entered Be has saved the load.   3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an input Direction for entering the possible outrigger width and / or the expected load Preßdrucks the lifting rescue vehicle is provided which a control signal to the Mi kroprocessor outputs a calculation rule for calculating the reachable rescue target based on the entered support width and / or the entered contact pressure. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the An if necessary, the device also shows the vehicle manager which parameters ter can be changed so that the destination can be reached. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the di correct measurement of the distance by laser. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the DF or Sighting device comprises a laser. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the measurement of the distance voltage by means of the laser of the direction finder or sighting device. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the Er Results of several individual measurements can be displayed in a common display. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the individual measurements with With the help of an automatic movement device can be obtained, the bearing or Sighting device and the distance measuring device covering the entire area Field of application moves. 10. The device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the display one Video image of the field of application can be overlaid.