DE102012201602A1 - Method for adjusting flowing current of strand of battery used in battery system mounted in vehicle, involves actuating two battery modules with different clock frequencies of direct current (DC)/DC transducer - Google Patents
Method for adjusting flowing current of strand of battery used in battery system mounted in vehicle, involves actuating two battery modules with different clock frequencies of direct current (DC)/DC transducer Download PDFInfo
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- DE102012201602A1 DE102012201602A1 DE201210201602 DE102012201602A DE102012201602A1 DE 102012201602 A1 DE102012201602 A1 DE 102012201602A1 DE 201210201602 DE201210201602 DE 201210201602 DE 102012201602 A DE102012201602 A DE 102012201602A DE 102012201602 A1 DE102012201602 A1 DE 102012201602A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032677 cell aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
- B60L2240/526—Operating parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine entsprechende Steuereinrichtung zum Einstellen eines durch einen Batteriestrang fließenden Stromes. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren und eine Steuereinrichtung zum Einstellen eines durch einen Batteriestrang fließenden Stromes, wobei der Batteriestrang mehrere in Reihe angeordnete Batteriemodule umfasst, wobei ein erstes Batteriemodul und zumindest ein zweites Batteriemodul der in Reihe angeordneten Batteriemodule derart ausgebildet sind, dass sie durch Ansteuerung dem Batteriestrang zugeschaltet oder von dem Batteriestrang entkoppelt werden können. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Batteriesystem mit einer Batterie, insbesondere einer Lithium-Ionen-Batterie, wobei das Batteriesystem ausgebildet ist, den Gesamtstrom der Batterie einzustellen. Auch betrifft die Erfindung ein Fahrzeug mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Batteriesystem.The present invention relates to a method and a corresponding control device for setting a current flowing through a battery string. In particular, the invention relates to a method and a control device for adjusting a current flowing through a battery string, wherein the battery string comprises a plurality of battery modules arranged in series, wherein a first battery module and at least a second battery module of the battery modules arranged in series are designed such that they by driving connected to the battery string or can be decoupled from the battery string. Furthermore, the invention relates to a battery system with a battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery, wherein the battery system is adapted to adjust the total current of the battery. The invention also relates to a vehicle with the battery system according to the invention.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Es zeichnet sich ab, dass in der Zukunft sowohl bei stationären Anwendungen, wie zum Beispiel bei Windkraftanlagen, in Fahrzeugen, wie zum Beispiel in Hybrid- und Elektrofahrzeugen, als auch im Verbraucherbereich (Consumer-Bereich), wie zum Beispiel bei Laptops und Mobiltelefonen, vermehrt neue Batteriesysteme zum Einsatz kommen werden, an die sehr hohe Anforderungen bezüglich der Zuverlässigkeit, Sicherheit, Leistungsfähigkeit und Lebensdauer gestellt werden. Für solche Aufgaben sind insbesondere Batterien mit Lithium-Ionen-Technologie geeignet. Sie zeichnet unter anderem eine hohe Energiedichte und eine äußerst geringe Selbstentladung aus. It is becoming apparent that in the future, both in stationary applications, such as in wind turbines, in vehicles, such as in hybrid and electric vehicles, as well as in the consumer sector, such as laptops and mobile phones, Increasingly, new battery systems will be used which are subject to very high requirements in terms of reliability, safety, performance and service life. For such tasks in particular batteries with lithium-ion technology are suitable. Amongst other things, it distinguishes a high energy density and an extremely low self-discharge.
Für Anwendungen mit hohem Energiebedarf, wie zum Beispiel stationäre Energiespeicher, ist die Parallelschaltung mehrerer Batteriestränge notwendig. Bei ungleicher Spannung zwischen den Batteriesträngen entstehen elektrische Ausgleichsströme, die die Spannung zwischen den Batteriesträngen aneinander angleichen. For applications with high energy requirements, such as stationary energy storage, the parallel connection of multiple battery strings is necessary. Unequal voltage between battery strings results in electrical equalizing currents that equalize the voltage between battery strings.
Aus dem Dokument
Die DC/DC-Wandler ermöglichen dabei, eingangsseitig eine Vielzahl von Batteriemodulen parallel und/oder in Reihe zu schalten. Ausgangsseitig werden die DC/DC-Wandler parallel oder in Reihe geschaltet und ermöglichen die Einstellung einer gewünschten Ausgangsspannung.The DC / DC converters make it possible on the input side to connect a multiplicity of battery modules in parallel and / or in series. On the output side, the DC / DC converters are connected in parallel or in series and allow the setting of a desired output voltage.
Bei ungleicher Spannung zwischen den Batteriemodulen fließen durch die elektrische Verbindung Ausgleichsströme, die die Spannung zwischen den Batteriemodulen aneinander angleichen. Bei gleicher Spannung aller Batteriemodule, das heißt im ausgeglichenen Ladungszustand, fließen hingegen keine Ausgleichsströme. Die elektrische Verbindung kann daher im Falle eines Ladungsaugleiches bestehen bleiben. With unequal voltage between the battery modules flow through the electrical connection equalizing currents that match the voltage between the battery modules together. At the same voltage of all battery modules, that is, in the balanced state of charge, on the other hand, no equalizing currents flow. The electrical connection can therefore remain in the case of a charge matching.
Die elektrische Verbindung zwischen den Batteriemodulen kann einen Widerstand umfassen oder als Kurzschluss ausgebildet sein. The electrical connection between the battery modules may comprise a resistor or be designed as a short circuit.
Da über die Lebensdauer eines Batteriesystems oder einer Batterie sich die Batteriezellen des Batteriesystems bzw. der Batterie unterschiedlich verhalten, kommt es bei solchen wie oben beschriebenen, insbesondere älteren, Batterien oder Batteriesystemen zu Ausgleichsströmen zwischen den einzelnen Batteriesträngen oder Batteriemodulen, die zusätzliche Verluste erzeugen und darüber hinaus die Batteriezellalterung noch zusätzlich beschleunigen.Since the battery cells of the battery system or of the battery behave differently over the life of a battery system or of a battery, compensation currents occur between the individual battery strings or battery modules as described above, in particular older batteries or battery systems, which generate additional losses and more In addition, accelerate the battery cell aging in addition.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind ferner Batterien bekannt, deren Batteriestränge jeweils in einzelne Batteriemodule unterteilt sind. Dabei kann jedes Batteriemodul dem zugeordneten Batteriestrang zugeschaltet oder beispielsweise im Falle eines Defektes überbrückt werden. From the prior art batteries are also known, the battery strings are each divided into individual battery modules. In this case, each battery module can be connected to the associated battery string or, for example, be bridged in the event of a defect.
Eine solche aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Batterie
Eine solche Betriebsstrategie hat allerdings den Nachteil, dass dadurch das Problem der Ausgleichsströme beim Umschalten aufgrund des dann entstehenden Spannungssprungs innerhalb eines Batteriestranges
Daher wird gemäß einer anderen Anmeldung des Erfinders eine Entkopplung der einzelnen von einer Batterie umfassten Batteriestränge voneinander über Induktivitäten vorgeschlagen. Eine solche Batterie
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Verfahren zum Einstellen eines durch einen Batteriestrang einer Batterie fließenden Stroms bereitgestellt. Dabei umfasst der Batteriestrang mehrere in Reihe angeordnete Batteriemodule, wobei ein erstes Batteriemodul und zumindest ein zweites Batteriemodul der in Reihe angeordneten Batteriemodule derart ausgebildet sind, dass sie durch Ansteuerung wahlweise dem Batteriestrang zugeschaltet oder von dem Batteriestrang entkoppelt werden können. Ferner wird das erste Batteriemodul mittels eines DC/DC-Wandlers mit einer Taktfrequenz angesteuert, die größer ist als eine Frequenz, mit der das zumindest eine zweite Batteriemodul angesteuert wird. According to the invention, a method is provided for adjusting a current flowing through a battery string of a battery. In this case, the battery string comprises a plurality of battery modules arranged in series, wherein a first battery module and at least one second battery module of the battery modules arranged in series are designed such that they can be selectively connected to the battery string or decoupled from the battery string by driving. Further, the first battery module is driven by means of a DC / DC converter with a clock frequency which is greater than a frequency with which the at least one second battery module is driven.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ferner eine Steuereinrichtung zum Einstellen eines durch einen Batteriestrang eines Batteriesystems fließenden Stromes bereitgestellt. Dabei weist das Batteriesystem mindestens einen DC/DC-Wandler und mindestens einen schaltbaren Batteriestrang, der mehrere in Reihe angeordnete Batteriemodule umfasst, auf. Ein erstes Batteriemodul und zumindest ein zweites Batteriemodul der in Reihe angeordneten Batteriemodule sind derart ausgebildet, dass sie durch Ansteuerung dem Batteriestrang zugeschaltet oder von dem Batteriestrang entkoppelt werden können. Ferner sind das Batteriesystem und/oder die Steuereinrichtung dazu ausgebildet, das erste Batteriemodul mittels eines DC/DC-Wandlers mit einer Taktfrequenz anzusteuern, die größer ist als eine Frequenz, mit der das zumindest eine zweite Batteriemodul angesteuert wird. According to the invention, a control device is furthermore provided for adjusting a current flowing through a battery string of a battery system. In this case, the battery system has at least one DC / DC converter and at least one switchable battery string, which comprises a plurality of battery modules arranged in series. A first battery module and at least one second battery module of the battery modules arranged in series are designed such that they can be connected to the battery string by means of activation or decoupled from the battery string. Furthermore, the battery system and / or the control device are designed to control the first battery module by means of a DC / DC converter with a clock frequency which is greater than a frequency with which the at least one second battery module is driven.
Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann der Gesamtstrom einer Batterie, die mindestens zwei Batteriestränge aufweist, eingestellt werden. According to one embodiment of the invention, the total current of a battery having at least two battery strings can be adjusted.
So kann bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren der Gesamtstrom einer Batterie mit mindestens zwei Batteriesträngen, die jeweils mindestens zwei Batteriemodule umfassen, eingestellt werden. Dabei sind die mindestens zwei Batteriemodule in dem zugeordneten Batteriestrang in Reihe mit den anderen Batteriemodulen zuschaltbar und zum Entkoppeln aus dem zugeordneten Batteriestrang überbrückbar ausgebildet. Ein erstes Batteriemodul eines jeden Batteriestranges ist an einem Eingang eines dem entsprechenden Batteriestrang zugeordneten DC/DC-Wandlers angeschlossen, wobei die DC/DC-Wandler ausgangsseitig parallel geschaltet sind. Zum Einstellen des Gesamtstromes der Batterie werden die durch die Batteriestränge fließenden Ströme jeweils mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Einstellen des durch einen Batteriestrang fließenden Stromes eingestellt. Thus, in the method according to the invention, the total current of a battery having at least two battery strings, each comprising at least two battery modules, can be adjusted. In this case, the at least two battery modules in the associated battery string can be connected in series with the other battery modules and formed bridgeable for decoupling from the associated battery string. A first battery module of each battery string is connected to an input of a corresponding battery string associated DC / DC converter, the DC / DC converter are connected in parallel on the output side. For adjusting the total current of the battery, the currents flowing through the battery strings are respectively adjusted by means of the method according to the invention for adjusting the current flowing through a battery string.
Ferner kann die erfindungsgemäße Steuereinrichtung zum Einstellen des Gesamtstromes einer Batterie mit mindestens zwei Batteriesträngen ausgebildet sein. Furthermore, the control device according to the invention can be designed to set the total current of a battery with at least two battery strings.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Einstellen des durch einen Batteriestrang fließenden Stromes wird die Taktung des durch den Batteriestrang fließenden Stromes von nur einem einzigen Batteriemodul übernommen, welches über einen DC/DC-Wandler verfügt. In the method according to the invention for adjusting the current flowing through a battery string, the timing of the current flowing through the battery string is taken over by only a single battery module, which has a DC / DC converter.
Vorteilhafterweise ist es erfindungsgemäß nicht mehr notwendig, dass jedes der Batteriemodule auf eine relativ hohe Schaltfrequenz ausgelegt sein muss. Daher können Maßnahmen zur Schaltungsauslegung (Snubber) entfallen, bei denen eine ansonsten erforderliche Entwärmung durchgeführt wird. Dadurch können Kosten gespart werden. Advantageously, it is no longer necessary according to the invention for each of the battery modules to be designed for a relatively high switching frequency. Therefore, circuit design measures (snubbers) can be dispensed with where otherwise required cooling is performed. This can save costs.
Insbesondere für die anderen Batteriemodule des Batteriestranges hat das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren den Vorteil, dass sie nur noch in zeitlich großen Abständen voneinander geschaltet werden müssen, wodurch sich die Schaltverluste in diesen Batteriemodulen erheblich reduzieren. Es kann somit ein wesentlicher Teil des Schaltungsaufwandes und des Aufwandes für die erforderliche Entwärmung eingespart werden.In particular, for the other battery modules of the battery string, the inventive method has the advantage that they only need to be switched from one another at time intervals, thereby significantly reducing the switching losses in these battery modules. It can thus be saved a significant part of the circuit complexity and the cost of the required heat dissipation.
Bevorzugterweise ist der erfindungsgemäße DC/DC-Wandler zumindest teilweise in dem erfindungsgemäßen ersten Batteriemodul implementiert oder ganz in dem ersten Batteriemodul angeordnet.Preferably, the DC / DC converter according to the invention is at least partially implemented in the first battery module according to the invention or arranged completely in the first battery module.
Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Einstellen des durch einen Batteriestrang fließenden Stromes wird der mit dem ersten Batteriemodul eingangsseitig angeschlossene DC/DC-Wandler mittels einer ersten Taktung mit einer ersten Taktfrequenz, die einen vorbestimmten Schwellwert überschreitet, getaktet.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention for adjusting the current flowing through a battery string, the DC / DC converter which is connected on the input side to the first battery module is clocked by means of a first clocking with a first clock frequency which exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
Mit anderen Worten, erfindungsgemäß werden die Batteriestränge jeweils durch einen DC/DC-Wandler entkoppelt, der vorzugsweise hochgetaktet wird und auf geringe Verluste optimiert ist. Aufgrund der kostenmäßig sehr sinnvollen Optimierung des DC/DC-Wandlers kann auf höhere den ersten Taktfrequenzen entsprechende Schaltfrequenzen übergegangen werden. Damit kann auch eine von dem DC/DC-Wandler umfasste Induktivität entsprechend klein ausgelegt werden.In other words, according to the invention, the battery strings are each decoupled by a DC / DC converter, which is preferably clocked up and optimized for low losses. Due to the cost-wise very meaningful optimization of the DC / DC converter can be higher on the first Clock frequencies corresponding switching frequencies are transferred. In this way, an inductance encompassed by the DC / DC converter can be designed to be correspondingly small.
Ein wichtiger Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Batteriesystem mit einer Batterie mit mindestens zwei Batteriesträngen, die jeweils mindestens zwei Batteriemodule umfassen, die zu dem zugeordneten Batteriestrang in Reihe mit den anderen Batteriemodulen zuschaltbar und zum Entkoppeln aus dem zugeordneten Batteriestrang überbrückbar ausgebildet sind. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Batteriesystem ist ein erstes Batteriemodul eines jeden Batteriestranges an einem dem entsprechenden Batteriestrang zugeordneten DC/DC-Wandler eingangsseitig angeschlossen. Dabei sind die Batteriestränge mittels der zugeordneten miteinander ausgangsseitig gekoppelten DC/DC-Wandler parallel zueinander geschaltet. Ferner umfasst das Batteriesystem eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung bzw. Steuereinrichtung zum Einstellen des Gesamtstromes der Batterie.An important aspect of the invention relates to a battery system with a battery having at least two battery strings, each comprising at least two battery modules which are connected to the associated battery string in series with the other battery modules and bridged for decoupling from the associated battery string. In the battery system according to the invention, a first battery module of each battery string is connected on the input side to a DC / DC converter assigned to the corresponding battery string. In this case, the battery strings are connected in parallel to one another by means of the associated DC / DC converters coupled together on the output side. Furthermore, the battery system comprises a device or control device according to the invention for adjusting the total current of the battery.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Batterie eine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie sein.According to the invention, the battery may be a lithium-ion battery.
Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfasst das Batteriesystem mindestens einen Batteriestrang, der ein erstes Batteriemodul mit einer ersten Batteriezellenzahl und zumindest ein zweites Batteriemodul mit einer gegenüber der ersten Batteriezellenzahl kleineren zweiten Batteriezellenzahl aufweist.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the battery system comprises at least one battery string, which has a first battery module with a first battery cell number and at least one second battery module with a second battery cell number smaller than the first battery cell number.
Mit anderen Worten wird erfindungsgemäß insbesondere vorgeschlagen, dass das Batteriemodul mit dem angeschlossenen DC/DC-Wandler über eine Batteriezellenzahl verfügt, die größer als die Batteriezellenzahl in den übrigen geschalteten Batteriemodulen eines Batteriestranges ist. In other words, it is particularly proposed according to the invention that the battery module with the connected DC / DC converter has a battery cell number that is greater than the number of battery cells in the remaining connected battery modules of a battery string.
Bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist mindestens einer der den Batteriesträngen zugeordneten DC/DC-Wandler als synchroner Abwärtswandler (Tiefsetzsteller) ausgebildet.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one of the battery strings assigned DC / DC converter is designed as a synchronous buck converter (step-down converter).
Anders ausgedrückt, es wird erfindungsgemäß des Weiteren vorgeschlagen, dass mindestens ein einem Batteriestrang zugeordneter DC/DC-Wandler als Tiefsetzsteller, der in umgekehrter Richtung (Laden) als Hochsetzsteller arbeitet, ausgebildet ist.In other words, it is further proposed according to the invention that at least one DC / DC converter assigned to a battery string is designed as a step-down converter which operates in the reverse direction (charging) as a step-up converter.
Damit werden die Batteriezellen, die zu dem Batteriemodul mit dem DC/DC-Wandler gehören, entsprechend weniger belastet als die Batteriezellen, die zu den Batteriemodulen ohne angeschlossenen DC/DC-Wandler gehören. Diese Tatsache führt zu einer langsameren Alterung der Batteriezellen in dem Batteriemodul mit dem angeschlossenen DC/DC-Wandler.Thus, the battery cells that belong to the battery module with the DC / DC converter, correspondingly less load than the battery cells that belong to the battery modules without DC / DC converter connected. This fact leads to a slower aging of the battery cells in the battery module with the connected DC / DC converter.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ferner auch ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein Elektro- oder ein Hybridfahrzeug, mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Batteriesystem bereitgestellt.According to the invention, a vehicle, in particular an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, is also provided with a battery system according to the invention.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben und in der Beschreibung beschrieben.Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims and described in the description.
Zeichnungendrawings
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnungen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings and the description below. Show it:
Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention
In der
Der Batteriestrang
Erfindungsgemäß wird zum Einstellen des durch den Batteriestrang
Das an dem DC/DC-Wandler
Dabei umfasst der DC/DC-Wandler
Erfindungsgemäß wird ferner zum Einstellen des durch den Batteriestrang
Der zur Entkopplung des Batteriestranges
Zumindest ein weiteres Batteriemodul
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
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