DE102004011605A1 - Object`s e.g. seat and glass, damages signaling device for e.g. bus, has bridge set to zero if bridge is in equilibrium, where bridge equilibrium gets upset if damages occur in object and bridge outputs signal that is digitally coded - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a measuring bridge (1) built in a flexible/concrete object to be monitored. The bridge is set to zero in a normal condition by a potentiometer if the bridge is in equilibrium. The bridge equilibrium gets upset if thermal/mechanical damages occur in the object, where the bridge outputs a signal that is amplified and digitally coded. The bridge is installed via resistance wires (1a) whose resistance changes during heating.

Description

• – Brandmeldeanlagen (rauch-/temperaturabhängig)
• – Glasbruchmelder

The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim I.

• - Fire alarm systems (smoke- / temperature-dependent)
• - Glass breakage detector

Disadvantages of the state of the technique:

• - Fire alarm systems only found in rooms Application, in which case alarm is triggered when the fire alarm system flowing around Room air a preset smoke / mist or a preset temperature exceeds.
• - Glass breakage detector are only very limited use (see name: glass); no way are they for the one you want here Use in public Means of transport due to vibrations occurring in vehicles suitable.
• - it So far there is no system that thermal and mechanical damage recognize and display in flexible materials.

Task of my invention:

It increasingly happens to be publicly accessible Areas intentionally damaged by fire or cutting / tearing (eg seats in public Transport) and a determination of the perpetrator is often not possible.

My Invention should make it possible that at the moment of a thermal or mechanical damage flat, also flexible items Signal is given, including detection of a specific object within a group of objects, and thus a timely one Intervention (eg damage limitation or seizure of the offender) is possible.

Solution of the task:

These The object is achieved by a device having the features of the claim I solved.

Advantages of the invention:

• – die Messbrücke lässt sich bereits bei der Herstellung der Oberflächen einarbeiten. Auch die Verwendung in flexiblen Oberflächen und sogar in Geweben ist möglich. Dadurch lassen sich beispielsweise thermische Beschädigungen direkt auf der Oberfläche zu schützender Gegenstände erfassen und nicht mehr auf dem Umweg: – Entstehung des Feuers – Erwärmung und Verrauchung der Umgebungsluft – Verfrachtung der erhitzten Luft und des Rauchgases zur Brandmeldeanlage – dort Einwirkung auf Messinstrument und Signalgeber. Auch mechanische Beschädigungen (z. B.: Einreißen, Zerschneiden/Zerbrechen) lassen sich sogar bei Geweben/Stoffen und anderen flexiblen Gegenständen erfassen und melden.
• – Die gesamte Vorrichtung ist unempfindlich gegen Vibrationen: dadurch wird ein Einsatz z. B. auch in öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln ermöglicht.
• – Es gibt kaum Einschränkungen für die Einsetzbarkeit dieser Vorrichtung; lediglich bei Materialien, die während oder nach der Einarbeitung der Messbrücke produktions- oder betriebsbedingt extrem hohen Temperaturen (oberhalb des Schmelzpunktes der Messbrücke) ausgesetzt sind, sowie bei Gasen und Flüssigkeiten, sehe ich keine Einsatzmöglichkeiten.
• – es gibt bisher kein System, dass sowohl thermische als auch mechanische Beschädigungen in flexiblen Materialien erkennen und anzeigen kann.
• – durch die Konzeption der Messbrücke ist diese Vorrichtung unempfindlich gegen allgemeine und betriebsbedingte Temperaturschwankungen (Wechsel Sommer-/Winterbetrieb, Heizungsbetrieb, reguläre Nutzung beispielsweise von Sitzen (Erwärmung durch Körperwärme)).

Due to the applicability of the device in almost all imaginable flat (also flexible) objects accounts for almost all disadvantages in contrast to previous signalers:

• - The measuring bridge can already be incorporated during the production of the surfaces. The use in flexible surfaces and even in tissues is possible. Thus, for example, thermal damage can be detected directly on the surface of objects to be protected and not on the detour: - emergence of the fire - heating and smoke of the ambient air - transport of heated air and flue gas to the fire alarm system - there action on measuring instrument and signal generator. Even mechanical damage (eg: tearing, cutting / breaking) can even be recorded and reported on fabrics / fabrics and other flexible objects.
• - The entire device is insensitive to vibration: this is an insert z. B. also in public transport.
• There are hardly any restrictions on the applicability of this device; Only with materials which are exposed to extremely high temperatures (above the melting point of the measuring bridge) during or after the incorporation of the measuring bridge due to production or operation, as well as with gases and liquids, I see no application possibilities.
• - There is no system that can detect and display both thermal and mechanical damage in flexible materials.
• - Due to the design of the measuring bridge this device is insensitive to general and operational temperature fluctuations (change summer / winter operation, heating operation, regular use, for example, of seats (warming by body heat)).

Example

The It wants to work I take the example of a seat in a public transport represent. By way of illustration, I attached a wiring diagram (Appendix 1).

The upholstery fabric of each individual seat is equipped with 2 resistance wires parallel to each other at a distance of approx. 5-10 mm ( 1a ) like a net (woven into the fabric). The two resistance wires must not have electrical contact with each other at any point. Due to the parallel guide, the two resistance wires have approximately the same length, which is important for the insensitivity of the system to temperature fluctuations that usually occur.

Both ends of both wires are connected to a circuit board, the other components of the measuring bridge in a protected place in the lower part of the seat ( 1 ) including the potentiometer for adjusting the measuring bridge ( 1b ) as well as the amplifier ( 2 With 2a ), the full-wave rectifier ( 3 ), the transistor ( 4 ) and a diode network ( 5 ) contains. The whole is gem. Wiring diagram to the power supply and connected to the data bus, both of which are laid as a harness through the bus.

With the potentiometer P1 ( 1b ), an ohmic balance is set between the two wires being woven, so that at both inputs of the operational amplifier OPV1 (element off 2 ) in each case the same voltage is applied. The capacitor C1 used in the amplifier part is only for the suppression of external interference, as z. B. from nearby AC sources or lines can be generated.

In the event of a disturbance of the ohmic equilibrium within the measuring bridge ( 1 ) by heating or destroying one of the woven resistance wires ( 1a ) in a seat cover, the voltage at the two inputs of the operational amplifier OPV1 (element off 2 ) no longer the same size. This difference is amplified by the rectifier ( 3 ), from a transistor ( 4 ) to the operating voltage of the diode network ( 5 ), and finally via data bus ( 6 ) and flip flop ( 7 ) to the display ( 8th ) forwarded with upstream decoder. The flip-flop here has the task to get a signal once set until it is noted; without flip flop it would be z. B. possible that could be extinguished by additional damage to the second resistance wire, the display again, before the disturbance is noted.

The flip-flop, decoder and display ( 7 and 8th ) are located in / on the driver's dashboard. In the case of a bus, for example, the display could consist of a two-digit display showing the number of the damaged seat. In one go, the display could be expanded with the display of the car number. In other cases, a verbal naming of an object to be secured ("name") would also be conceivable. For certain applications, an additional acoustic signal could also be triggered.

Claims (11)

Device for signaling in the case of thermal or mechanical damage of flat objects, also in groups, characterized in that a measuring bridge ( 1 ) is installed in the object to be monitored, which is adjusted in the normal state to zero (equilibrium) (eg with a potentiometer ( 1b )) and in thermal / mechanical damage out of balance and the resulting signal is digitally encoded after appropriate amplification and allows identification of the damaged object within a group. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring bridge ( 1 ) by resistance wires ( 1a ), which are incorporated in the object to be monitored, is formed, which change their resistance when heated. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the zero balance of the measuring bridge by a control circuit automatically takes place. Device according to claim I and II, characterized in that the resistance wires ( 1a ) are distributed in the surface of the object so that the measuring bridge ( 1 ) is evenly loaded under normal operating conditions and therefore does not get out of balance. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the difference signal is amplified with a variable amplification factor ( 2 and 2a ) to adjust the sensitivity. Apparatus according to claim I, characterized in that the difference signal by a full-wave rectifier ( 3 ), which always provides a signal of the same polarity, irrespective of the polarity (ie independent of the affected branch of the bridge). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the amplified (and possibly rectified) differential signal through a diode network ( 5 ) is converted into a digital code that identifies the object causing the signal. Apparatus according to claim I and VII, characterized in that the for operating the diode network ( 5 ) required current through a transistor ( 4 ) is won. Device according to claim I and VII, characterized in that the digital code is stored on a common data bus ( 6 ), which can be evaluated centrally. Device according to claim I and VII and IX, characterized in that one on the data bus ( 6 ) a flip-flop ( 7 ) (= bistable multivibrator), so that the display of the fault condition is retained until it is acknowledged. Device according to claim I and VII and IX, characterized in that a designation of the damaged object on a display ( 8th ) is shown.