DE10121159A1 - Artificial thorax for housing an animal heart and lungs preparation for experimental development of X-ray and magnetic resonance diagnostic imaging methods has a vacuum pressure applied so that the lungs are not collapsed - Google Patents

Artificial thorax for housing an animal heart and lungs preparation for experimental development of X-ray and magnetic resonance diagnostic imaging methods has a vacuum pressure applied so that the lungs are not collapsed

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Publication number
DE10121159A1
DE10121159A1 DE10121159A DE10121159A DE10121159A1 DE 10121159 A1 DE10121159 A1 DE 10121159A1 DE 10121159 A DE10121159 A DE 10121159A DE 10121159 A DE10121159 A DE 10121159A DE 10121159 A1 DE10121159 A1 DE 10121159A1
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Prior art keywords
lungs
preparation
shells
artificial thorax
vacuum pressure
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DE10121159A
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German (de)
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DE10121159B4 (en
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Juergen Biederer
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves  involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging

Abstract

Artificial thorax for housing an animal heart and lung preparation with lower and upper shells (12) with at least one opening for generating a vacuum pressure within the gas-tight container formed by the two shells and an opening for introduction of a tracheal tube into the air pipe of the preparation. Application of a vacuum pressure allows the lungs to be seen in their normal state, a blood replacement can be circulated through the blood vessels and breathing can be simulated by application of a ventilator to the air pipe.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen künstlichen Thorax zur Auf­ nahme eines tierischen Herz-Lungen-Präparats.The invention relates to an artificial thorax taking an animal heart-lung preparation.

Röntgendiagnostische Verfahren und Magnetresonanztomogra­ phie (MRT) unterliegen der ständigen Weiterentwicklung. Besondere Vorteile der MRT sind hervorragender Weichteil­ kontrast und hohe Detailauflösung. Die Darstellung der Lunge mittels MRT stellt jedoch eine besondere Herausfor­ derung dar. Problematisch sind die geringe Dichte des Ge­ webes mit primär geringer Signalstärke und ein schneller Signalzerfall aufgrund von Suszeptibilitätsartefakten. Die bisher bekannten Untersuchungsmethoden der Lunge mit­ tels der MRT haben weitgehend experimentellen Charakter und konnten keinen breiten Eingang in die Routinediagno­ stik finden. Für die Weiterentwicklung von Untersuchungs­ sequenzen muß die Sensitivität für pathologische Verände­ rungen im Lungenparenchym ermittelt werden.X-ray diagnostic procedures and magnetic resonance imaging phie (MRT) are subject to constant further development. Special advantages of MRI are excellent soft tissue contrast and high detail resolution. The representation of the Lungs using MRI, however, are a particular challenge  The low density of the Ge is problematic webes with primarily low signal strength and a fast one Signal decay due to susceptibility artifacts. The previously known methods of examining the lungs MRI are largely experimental and could not get a wide entrance into the routine diagnosis find stik. For the further development of investigation Sequences must be sensitive to pathological changes stakes in the lung parenchyma can be determined.

Ein experimentelles Arbeiten an einem tierischen Herz- Lungen-Präparat wird dadurch behindert, daß die Lunge nach der Schlachtung kollabiert.An experimental work on an animal heart Lung preparation is hampered by the fact that the lungs collapsed after slaughter.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrich­ tung zu schaffen, die es ermöglicht, tierische Herz- Lungen-Präparate für experimentelle Zwecke einsetzbar zu machen.The invention has for its object a Vorrich creation that enables animal heart Lung preparations can be used for experimental purposes do.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Unterschale, eine Oberschale, einen ersten Durchlaß zum Erzeugen eines Unterdrucks in dem durch die beiden gas­ dicht miteinander verbindbaren Schalen gebildeten Raum und einem zweiten Durchlaß zum Durchführen eines in die Luftröhre des Präparats einzuführenden Trachealtubus.According to the invention, this object is achieved by Lower shell, an upper shell, a first passage to Generating a vacuum in the gas by the two tightly interconnectable shells formed space and a second passage for performing one in the Tracheal tube to be inserted into the specimen.

Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung zeichnet sich aus durch eine in dem durch die beiden Schalen gebildeten Raum verstellbar angeordnete, das Zwerchfell simulierende Bla­ se und einen mit der Blase gasdicht kommunizierenden dritten Durchlaß.A preferred embodiment is characterized by one in the space formed by the two shells Bla, adjustable to simulate the diaphragm se and one communicating gas-tight with the bladder third passage.

Weiter wird vorgeschlagen, daß weitere Durchlässe zum Versorgen des Präparats mit einer dieses perfundierenden Blutersatzflüssigkeit vorgesehen sind. It is also proposed that further passages to the Supply the preparation with a perfusing this Blood replacement fluid are provided.  

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß die Schalen doppelwandig und mit Zugängen zu den durch die beiden Wandungen gebildeten Raum versehen sind.A preferred embodiment is characterized by this from that the shells are double-walled and with access to the are provided by the two walls formed space.

Die Schalen können wenigstens teilweise aus einem eine Punktion erlaubenden Material gefertigt sein. Die Schalen können weiter mit die Rippen simulierenden Elementen ver­ sehen sein.The shells can at least partially consist of one Material permitting puncture be made. The bowls can further ver with elements simulating the ribs to be seen.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung erläutert, die ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wiedergibt. Dabei zeigt:The invention is described below with reference to a drawing explained, which is a preferred embodiment of the Invention reproduces. It shows:

Fig. 1 eine Darstellung der Oberschale, Fig. 1 is an illustration of the upper shell,

Fig. 2 eine Darstellung eines Dichtungs- rings, Fig. 2 is an illustration of a sealing ring,

Fig. 3 eine Darstellung der Unterschale, Fig. 3 is an illustration of the lower shell,

Fig. 4 eine Darstellung des das Zwerchfell simulierenden Elements mit einer Teildarstellung der Unterschale, und Fig. 4 is a representation of the diaphragm simulating element with a partial representation of the lower shell, and

Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf die Unterschale mit einer Andeutung des in diese eingebrachten Herz-Lungen-Präparats. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the lower shell with an indication of the heart-lung preparation introduced into it.

Der künstliche Thorax, der zur Aufnahme eines tierischen, insbesondere eines vom Schwein stammenden Herz-Lungen- Präparats dient, besteht aus einer Unterschale 10 und einer Oberschale 12. Zwischen diesen ist ein Dichtungs­ ring 26 angeordnet. Die Unterschale 10 weist zwei erste Durchlässe 14 auf, die dazu dienen, einen Unterdruck in dem Raum, der durch die beiden gasdicht miteinander ver­ bindbaren Schalen 10, 12 gebildet wird, zu erzeugen. Bei Anschließen beispielsweise eines handelsüblichen Staub­ saugers an die ersten Durchlässe 14 wird in dem durch die beiden Schalen gebildeten Raum ein Unterdruck entstehen. Ein Dichtungsring 26, der beispielsweise aus einem Gummi besteht, kann zwischen den Schalen 10, 12 angeordnet sein.The artificial thorax, which is used to hold an animal, in particular a pig-heart-lung preparation, consists of a lower shell 10 and an upper shell 12 . Between these, a sealing ring 26 is arranged. The lower shell 10 has two first passages 14 which serve to generate a negative pressure in the space which is formed by the two gas-tight shells 10 , 12 which can be bonded to one another. When connecting, for example, a commercially available vacuum cleaner to the first passages 14 , a negative pressure will arise in the space formed by the two shells. A sealing ring 26 , which consists for example of a rubber, can be arranged between the shells 10 , 12 .

Ein zweiter Durchlaß 16 dient zum gasdichten Durchführen eines in die Luftröhre des Präparats einzuführenden Thra­ chealtubus.A second passage 16 is used for gastight passage of a throat tube to be inserted into the trachea of the preparation.

In der Unterschale 10 ist ein eine das Zwerchfell simu­ lierende Blase 18 so angeordnet, daß dessen Position in Abhängigkeit von der Größe des Präparats einstellbar ist. Die Blase 18 kommuniziert mit einem dritten Durchlaß 20.In the lower shell 10 , a diaphragm simulating the diaphragm 18 is arranged so that its position is adjustable depending on the size of the preparation. The bladder 18 communicates with a third passage 20 .

Durch die ersten Durchlässe 14 sind mit seitlichen Öff­ nungen versehene Schläuche geführt, die nach Art einer Lungen-Drainage Luft absaugen.Through the first passages 14 openings are provided with lateral openings that suck air in the manner of a lung drainage.

Weitere Durchlässe 22, 24 dienen zum Versorgen des Präpa­ rats mit einer durch dieses perfundierenden Blutersatz­ flüssigkeit.Further passages 22 , 24 are used to supply the preparation with a liquid that perfuses through this blood substitute.

Die Schalen 10, 12 sind doppelwandig ausgebildet und bil­ den so einen zwischen den Wandungen angeordnete Räume aus, die zum Einbringen einer Flüssigkeit zugänglich sind.The shells 10 , 12 are double-walled and bil the one arranged between the walls from spaces that are accessible for introducing a liquid.

Bei der Verwendung wird das tierische Präparat in die Unterschale 10 der Vorrichtung eingelegt. Ein Tracheal­ tubus, der durch den zweiten Durchlaß 16 diesen gasdicht abschließend geführt ist, wird in die Luftröhre des Prä­ parats eingeführt. Er stellt eine Verbindung zu der die Vorrichtung umgebenden Raumluft her. Das Herz wird an Kreislaufschläuche angeschlossen, die durch die weiteren Durchlässe 22, 24 in der Unterschale 10 geführt sind und dazu dienen, das Präparat mit einer Blutersatzflüssigkeit zu versorgen.In use, the animal preparation is placed in the lower shell 10 of the device. A tracheal tube, which is guided gastightly through the second passage 16 , is inserted into the trachea of the preparation. It establishes a connection to the ambient air surrounding the device. The heart is connected to circulatory tubes which are guided through the further passages 22 , 24 in the lower shell 10 and serve to supply the preparation with a blood replacement fluid.

Nach dem Anlegen einer Unterdruckquelle an die ersten Durchlässe 14 wird sich in dem durch die Schalen 10, 12 gebildeten Raum ein Unterdruck ausbilden, die eingebrach­ te Lunge wird sich entfalten und die natürliche Form an­ nehmen. Die Blutersatzflüssigkeit perfundiert das Präpa­ rat.After applying a negative pressure source to the first passages 14 , a negative pressure will form in the space formed by the shells 10 , 12 , the introduced lung will develop and take on the natural shape. The blood substitute fluid perfuses the preparation.

Zur Simulation einer Atmung wird die Blase 18, die das Zwerchfell simuliert, rhythmisch mit einem Unterdruck beaufschlagt. Die Lunge wird dabei den durch die Blase 18 vorgegebenen Druckschwankungen entsprechende "atmen".To simulate breathing, the bladder 18 , which simulates the diaphragm, is rhythmically acted upon by a vacuum. The lungs will "breathe" corresponding to the pressure fluctuations given by the bladder 18 .

Claims (6)

1. Künstlicher Thorax zur Aufnahme eines tierischen Herz-Lungen-Präparats, gekennzeichnet durch eine Unter­ schale (10), eine Oberschale (12), wenigstens einen ersten Durchlaß (14) zum Erzeugen eines Unterdrucks in dem durch die beiden gasdicht miteinander verbindbaren Schalen (10, 12) und einem zweiten Durchlaß (16) zum Durchführen eines in die Luftröhre des Präparats einzu­ führenden Trachealtubus.1. Artificial thorax for receiving an animal heart-lung preparation, characterized by a lower shell ( 10 ), an upper shell ( 12 ), at least a first passage ( 14 ) for generating a negative pressure in the shells which can be connected to one another in a gastight manner ( 10 , 12 ) and a second passage ( 16 ) for passing a tracheal tube to be inserted into the trachea of the preparation. 2. Künstlicher Thorax nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch eine in dem durch die beiden Schalen (10, 12) ge­ bildeten Raum angeordnete, das Zwerchfell simulierende Blase (18) und einen mit der Blase (18) kommunizieren­ den dritten Durchlaß (20).2. Artificial thorax according to claim 1, characterized by a arranged in the ge through the two shells ( 10 , 12 ) formed space, the diaphragm simulating bladder ( 18 ) and one with the bladder ( 18 ) communicate the third passage ( 20 ). 3. Künstlicher Thorax nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekenn­ zeichnet durch weitere Durchlässe (22, 24) zum Versor­ gen des Präparats mit einer dieses perfundierenden Blutersatzflüssigkeit.3. Artificial thorax according to claim 1 or 2, characterized marked by further passages ( 22 , 24 ) for Versor gene of the preparation with a perfusing blood replacement fluid. 4. Künstlicher Thorax nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schalen (10, 12) doppelwandig und mit einem Zugang zu dem durch die beiden Wandungen gebildeten Raum ausgebildet ist. 4. Artificial thorax according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shells ( 10 , 12 ) are double-walled and with an access to the space formed by the two walls. 5. Künstlicher Thorax nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schalen (10, 12) wenigstens teilweise aus einem ein Punktieren erlaubenden Material gefertigt sind.5. Artificial thorax according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shells ( 10 , 12 ) are at least partially made of a material permitting puncturing. 6. Künstlicher Thorax nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schalen (12) mit die Rippen simulierenden Elementen versehen ist.6. Artificial thorax according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shells ( 12 ) is provided with the rib-simulating elements.
DE10121159A 2001-04-30 2001-04-30 Artificial thorax Expired - Fee Related DE10121159B4 (en)

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WO2007124044A2 (en) * 2006-04-19 2007-11-01 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex vivo organ care
WO2011037512A1 (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Vivoline Medical Ab Container and supporting structure for housing an organ
US8420380B2 (en) 2008-01-31 2013-04-16 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex vivo lung care
US9055740B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2015-06-16 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care
US9078428B2 (en) 2005-06-28 2015-07-14 Transmedics, Inc. Systems, methods, compositions and solutions for perfusing an organ
US9301519B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2016-04-05 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care
US9457179B2 (en) 2007-03-20 2016-10-04 Transmedics, Inc. Systems for monitoring and applying electrical currents in an organ perfusion system
EP2285211A4 (en) * 2008-05-06 2017-08-30 Vivoline Medical AB Apparatus for housing an organ during evaluation and preservation
US9756849B2 (en) 1997-09-23 2017-09-12 The Department Of Veteran Affairs Compositions, methods and devices for maintaining an organ
US9894894B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2018-02-20 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care and for using lactate as an indication of donor organ status
US10076112B2 (en) 2014-06-02 2018-09-18 Transmedic, Inc. Ex vivo organ care system
US10194655B2 (en) 2015-09-09 2019-02-05 Transmedics, Inc. Aortic cannula for ex vivo organ care system
US11856944B2 (en) 2011-04-14 2024-01-02 Transmedics, Inc. Organ care solution for ex-vivo machine perfusion of donor lungs
US11963526B2 (en) 2021-07-09 2024-04-23 Transmedics, Inc. Apparatus and method for organ perfusion

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US9756849B2 (en) 1997-09-23 2017-09-12 The Department Of Veteran Affairs Compositions, methods and devices for maintaining an organ
US9756850B2 (en) 1997-09-23 2017-09-12 The Department Of Veteran Affairs Compositions, methods and devices for maintaining an organ
US9756851B2 (en) 1997-09-23 2017-09-12 The Department Of Veteran Affairs Compositions, methods and devices for maintaining an organ
US9301519B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2016-04-05 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care
US11191263B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2021-12-07 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care
US9055740B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2015-06-16 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care
US9894894B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2018-02-20 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care and for using lactate as an indication of donor organ status
US11723357B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2023-08-15 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care
US9215867B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2015-12-22 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care
US11570985B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2023-02-07 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care and for using lactate as an indication of donor organ status
US10314303B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2019-06-11 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care
US10321676B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2019-06-18 Transmedics, Inc. System and methods for ex-vivo organ care and for using lactate as an indication of donor organ status
US10736314B2 (en) 2004-10-07 2020-08-11 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex-vivo organ care and for using lactate as an indication of donor organ status
US11844345B2 (en) 2005-06-28 2023-12-19 Transmedics, Inc. Systems, methods, compositions and solutions for perfusing an organ
US9078428B2 (en) 2005-06-28 2015-07-14 Transmedics, Inc. Systems, methods, compositions and solutions for perfusing an organ
US10039276B2 (en) 2005-06-28 2018-08-07 Transmedics, Inc. Systems, methods, compositions and solutions for perfusing an organ
US8822203B2 (en) 2006-04-19 2014-09-02 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex vivo organ care
EP3178319A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2017-06-14 Transmedics, Inc. Systems for ex vivo organ care
WO2007124044A3 (en) * 2006-04-19 2008-06-19 Transmedics Inc Systems and methods for ex vivo organ care
WO2007124044A2 (en) * 2006-04-19 2007-11-01 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex vivo organ care
US10327443B2 (en) 2007-03-20 2019-06-25 Transmedics, Inc. Systems for monitoring and applying electrical currents in an organ perfusion system
US9457179B2 (en) 2007-03-20 2016-10-04 Transmedics, Inc. Systems for monitoring and applying electrical currents in an organ perfusion system
US11917991B2 (en) 2007-03-20 2024-03-05 Transmedics, Inc. Systems for monitoring and applying electrical currents in an organ perfusion system
US9814230B2 (en) 2008-01-31 2017-11-14 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex vivo lung care
US9462802B2 (en) 2008-01-31 2016-10-11 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex vivo lung care
US8420380B2 (en) 2008-01-31 2013-04-16 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex vivo lung care
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US10750738B2 (en) 2008-01-31 2020-08-25 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex vivo lung care
US9516875B2 (en) 2008-01-31 2016-12-13 Transmedics, Inc. Systems and methods for ex vivo lung care
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US9596842B2 (en) 2009-09-25 2017-03-21 Vivoline Medical Ab Container and supporting structure for housing an organ
US9084416B2 (en) 2009-09-25 2015-07-21 Vivoline Medical Ab Container and supporting structure for housing an organ
WO2011037512A1 (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Vivoline Medical Ab Container and supporting structure for housing an organ
US11856944B2 (en) 2011-04-14 2024-01-02 Transmedics, Inc. Organ care solution for ex-vivo machine perfusion of donor lungs
US11154050B2 (en) 2014-06-02 2021-10-26 Transmedics, Inc. Ex vivo organ care system
US10076112B2 (en) 2014-06-02 2018-09-18 Transmedic, Inc. Ex vivo organ care system
US11903381B2 (en) 2014-06-02 2024-02-20 Transmedics, Inc. Ex vivo organ care system
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US10194655B2 (en) 2015-09-09 2019-02-05 Transmedics, Inc. Aortic cannula for ex vivo organ care system
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