DE10034113A1 - Voluminous nonwoven - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a voluminous nonwoven fabric which is knitted with a textured yarn at least in one preferred direction, an endless filament and / or staple fiber nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 5 to 100 g / m 2 .with a textured multifilament yarn with a titer in the range of 10 to 400 dtex and the distance between the multifilament yarns is 1 to 10 / cm, the number of stitches is 0.5 to 8 / cm and the multifilament yarns have shrunk by 3 to 80% due to wet-thermal or wet-thermal treatment.

Description

The invention relates to a voluminous nonwoven that at least in a preferred direction is interwoven with a textured yarn.

From document US 4,623,576 non-woven cloths with a weight per unit area of about 25 to 50 g / m ^{2 are} known, which have good absorption properties and are particularly intended for wiping up oil, food residues or wiping electronic parts. Absorbent wipes made of nonwovens for single use (disposables) are used in the hygiene, cosmetics and medical sectors and consist either of so-called airlaid / readies or of water-jet needled nonwovens. They are often impregnated with liquids that contain skin-care substances.

Airlaid nonwovens are understood to mean those nonwovens whose fibers Components mixed and evenly mixed in an air stream placed in a sieve. The components of such an airlaid Nonwovens are comparatively short-fiber. This also comes with dusts and Components with a fibrid structure, such as cellulose and / or  Synthetic pulp (pulp) at least in part for use. The binding of the Airlaid nonwoven fabric for structural integrity that is useful for the application is carried out using the known methods of adhesive bonding Polymer dispersion and / or the use of melt or adhesive fibers. The disadvantage of these short fiber nonwovens is that a comparable use of binders as in carded nonwovens lower strengths are obtained. Airlaid nonwovens, which as Wipes in hygienic, cosmetic or medical applications are used - due to their procedural technical Proximity to paper and especially when using high proportions of Cellulose fibers, even when moist - when used on sensitive human skin significant disadvantages in terms of their softness and Conformability.

The second class of absorbent nonwovens for suction and wiping purposes are those whose fibers are usually completely binder-free and exclusive by high pressure water jet, d. H. have been hydrodynamically consolidated. Blends of hydrophilic fibers, such as Cellulose, lyocell, cotton, cellulose and fully synthetic fibers, such as Polyester or polypropylene used. These absorbent nonwoven Wipes have a very high structural integrity (strength), but only a small material thickness, i.e. a high material density and therefore combined a low absorbency per basis weight. For the It is described airlaid nonwovens and waterjet needled nonwovens known to provide their surface with a certain structure, nevertheless, these nonwovens have for use as wipes in hygienic or medical applications only a relatively flat, two-dimensional structure. Especially when wiping Removal of dirt particles, such as excrement from the  human skin, these are shifted to the surface of the skin and not absorbed by the wipe.

The object of the invention is to provide a voluminous nonwoven fabric give a very good feel and textile both in terms of softness and has drapability even in the non-fluid-absorbed state.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a voluminous nonwoven fabric which is knitted at least in one preferred direction with a textured yarn, an endless filament and / or staple fiber nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 5 to 100 g / m ² with a textured multifilament yarn with a titer in the range is worked through from 10 to 400 dtex, the distance of the multifilament yarn threads from each other being 1 / cm to 10 / cm and the number of stitches 0.5 / cm to 8 / cm and the multifilament yarn threads by 3 to 80 by means of wet-thermal or wet-thermal treatment % have shrunk. The textured multifilament yarn in the knitted nonwoven fabric is shortened by supersaturated water vapor or by hot air currents, whereby contactless or non-contact shrinking conditions are selected as far as possible. Furthermore, the basic nonwoven fabric can be knitted with yarns in both the machine direction (warp direction) and the transverse direction (weft direction). Textured multifilament yarns can be used in both directions. For reasons of cost, however, it is advantageous to use multifilament yarns textured only in one preferred direction and multifilament yarns which are not textured in the other preferred direction or to use the even more economical monofilaments. However, particularly voluminous structures can only be achieved with absorbent nonwovens warp knitted with textured multifilament yarns.

The voluminous nonwoven fabric according to the invention has a wave-like shape posed structure and a groove and trough-like created by it Forming the fabric on, which improves the wiping effect and improves the dirt storage capacity, especially between the waves become. It will be cuddly and at least in one direction stretchy absorbent disposable wipe produces that despite high Absorbability has a high structural integrity.

The voluminous nonwoven fabric is preferably one in which an endless filament and / or staple fiber nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 7 to 60 g / cm ^{2 is} interwoven with a textured multifilament yarn with a titer in the range from 30 to 300 dtex, the distance between the multifilament yarn threads from one another 3 / cm to 7 / cm and the number of stitches is 0.5 to 4 per cm and the multifilament yarn threads have shrunk by 5 to 60% due to wet-thermal or wet-thermal treatment. When textured yarns act in a preferred direction, this also means a surface shrinkage in the direction of this preferred direction. No shrinkage then occurs at a 90 ° angle to this preferred direction. However, if textured yarns are knitted in both directions, the shortening of the length in the warp and weft directions is determined by the number of yarns in the preferred direction per unit length or width, their total denier, their degree of texturing and their chemical composition.

The number of stitches is the number of stitches (needle stitches) in the warp direction Roger that. The warp knitted yarns are preferably linear. she can also be sewn in a zigzag shape in the warp direction.

The rustled absorbent nonwovens are then one Undergone shrinking process in such a way that the nonwoven fabric itself does not  Only the knitted textured yarns experience a reduction in area experience a reduction in their extent. This leads to a partial Reorientation of the absorbent nonwoven into the third dimension. The The preferred direction of the textured yarn determines the geometry of the three-dimensional structure and the fact whether the same in two Preferential directions are affected.

The textured multifilament yarns can consist of the same or two different homo filaments or bicomponent filaments consist. All of these come as polymer materials for the textured threads considered, which correspond to the prior art, such. B. polyamide 6, Polyamide 6.6, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, copolyester different composition, single or multi-component Polyolefins and / or metallocene catalyzed polyolefins. The same can biodegradable thermoplastics, such as polyester amides or Copolyester based on terephthalic acid and adipic acid with aliphatic and cycloaliphatic planks, as described, for example, in WO 96/255446, DE 44 40 858 and DE 195 185 are described as the basis for textured threads are used.

Such a nonwoven fabric has proven to be particularly cuddly, whereby a high absorbency and high structural integrity having wiping is obtained.

A voluminous non-woven fabric is particularly preferred in which an endless filament and / or staple fiber non-woven fabric with a basis weight of 10 to 40 g / cm ^{2 is provided} with a partial, pattern-like consolidation, which covers 2 to 35% of the area, and with a textured multifilament yarn, whereby the multifilament yarn threads have shrunk by 8 to 35%. Partial bonding can be done by heat and pressure, by ultrasonic welding or by adhesive bonding using gravure or stencil printing. In a special embodiment of the invention, needled nonwovens are used as the surface basis, hydrodynamic needling with high-pressure water jets being preferred over mechanical needling with the aid of a needle chair.

The voluminous nonwoven fabric is advantageously one in which the partial, pattern-like consolidation covers 4 to 25% of the area. This will make one achieved very good structural integrity.

A voluminous nonwoven fabric in which the titer of the Fibers and / or filaments of the nonwoven used between 0.05 and 4.4 dtex, with up to 20 wt .-% fibers and / or filaments with a Coarser titers than 4.4 dtex can be provided that the arithmetically averaged average of the fiber and / or filament titre of all Fibers and / or filaments in the nonwoven fabric do not exceed 4.4 dtex. In case of Fiber and / or filament titers below 0.8 dtex are fibers or Filaments made using the meltblown process or so-called multi-component split fibers, which before the split a titer of more than 0.8 dtex and a fraction of the same after splitting exhibit. The splitting is preferably done with high pressure water jets. The splitting can also be done by mechanical softening or micro crepe process (Micrex) as described in document EP 0 624 676 or by treatment with hot steam or hot water accordingly the document US 5,759,926 for spunbonded nonwovens or in accordance with the Document EP 0 864 006 for microfiber meltblown filaments Methods are done. The hydrophilic dope or the more hydrophilic Both spinning masses can facilitate the splittability or increase  the incompatibilities of the two polymers used in the split phase an ethoxylated polysiloxane as a hydrophilizing agent in an amount of approx. 1-5 wt .-% added. All known fiber and / or filament Cross-sectional shapes come for the voluminous nonwoven fabric according to the invention into consideration. For example round, oval, square and / or trilobal. Furthermore, fibers and / or filaments with channel-shaped inserts are on their surface also included. The split microfibers and / or filaments normally have a cross section like pieces of cake on.

Preferably, the voluminous nonwoven is one in which the shrinkage temperature of the multifilament yarn approx. 25 ° C below the Softening temperature of those fibers and / or filaments in the nonwoven the lowest softening point. Normally the suffered suffer Nonwoven backing itself no surface shrinkage. According to the invention Length reduction of the textured multifilament yarn larger than that Reduction of the area of the nonwoven fabric by self-shrinking in the direction of knitted multifilament yarn. The fibrous web can also have a proportion Shrink fiber, such as physically modified polyester Medium shrink fibers or polyester high shrink fibers based on Polyethylene terephthalate can be added. The proportion of these shrink fibers is chosen so low that the Surface shrinkage of the nonwoven fabric in the preferred direction of the multifilament yarn Impact is lower than that of the multifilament yarn shortening. The The proportion of polyester shrink fiber in the nonwoven fabric is in the range from 3 to 40% by weight. %, preferably in the range from 5 to 25% by weight. With this addition, the Integrity of the multifilament yarn-penetrated nonwoven additionally increased be, which improves the abrasion resistance during wiping.  

A voluminous nonwoven in which the nonwoven is transverse is particularly preferred is stretched to the machine direction. The reorientation of the nonwoven base in the third dimension can be strengthened by stretching the through the nonwoven fabric is carried out transversely to the machine direction. You can do this the known methods for transverse stretching of fabrics are used be, however, the stretching by means of the acted through Nonwoven fabric is preferred over stretching rolls as opposed to this process is particularly gentle on the use of tenter frames and leads to an even distribution of the transverse forces over the width of the web. Furthermore, connections or mutual mechanical anchoring of the fibers and / or filaments of the Partially dissolve or loosen the nonwoven base with which an additional one considerable increase in the softness and conformability of the voluminous nonwoven fabric according to the invention is achieved. An additional one The effect of transverse stretching is proportional to the stretching factor enlarged area of the finished material and thus in an economical favorable increase in productivity of the overall process. The stretching factor is the quotient of the width of the web after the stretching process and the width of the web before the stretching process.

The voluminous nonwoven is preferably one in which about 20% by weight inherently hydrophilic fibers and / or filaments and the remaining 100% by weight are synthetic fibers and / or filaments. The output fibers and / or filaments for the nonwoven fabric can consist of one or more Components exist. A proportion of about 20% by weight of the fibers and / or filaments are used which are permanently hydrophilic. The Hydrophilicity of the fibers and / or filaments can be inherent in the polymer, as is the case for example in the case of fibers made of cellulose-based or polyamide-based Case is. But you can also by adding a hydrophilizing agent  Melt the fiber-forming polymer before it is spun become. According to the invention, the term “permanently hydrophilic” is a substance to understand from fibers and / or filaments, in which Hydrophilization components when stored from the inside of the fiber by migration get to the fiber surface. Serves as fibers with "inherent hydrophilicity" preferably viscose cellulose from, for example, in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide solution-spun cellulose fibers (lyocell, cotton or cellulose). The Lyocell fibers can be smooth or crimped. According to the invention shares of less than 20 wt .-% inherently hydrophilic fibers in the Nonwoven fabric is used, however there is a risk that in the event a folded and stacked wet wipe for skin care entered aqueous emulsion by storing itself in the lower layers accumulates. This would tend to dry out the upper layers lead and thus their wiping properties and the delivery of the Adversely affect skin care substances during the wiping process.

A voluminous nonwoven is particularly preferred, in which at least a part the synthetic fibers and / or filaments are made hydrophilic. The the 100% by weight fiber and / or filament content not inherent Hydrophilic fibers and / or filaments are preferably more synthetic Nature. In the case of continuous filaments, these are subsequently added to the nonwoven equipped with known surface-active substances hydrophilic. The Adhesion of the hydrophilizing agents applied from the outside and the duration The hydrophilic effect is largely determined by the chemistry of the used surfactant and the surface properties of the Determined fiber and / or filament material.

Preferably, the voluminous nonwoven is one that is at least partially superabsorbent fibers and / or filaments or fibers and / or  Contains filaments, the core of which is made with a superabsorbent polymer is covered. The use of superabsorbent fibers and / or Filaments or fibers coated with superabsorbent polymer and / or Filaments improve the absorbency of the invention Nonwoven.

Preferably, the voluminous nonwoven is also one that is crimped and contains colored fibers and / or filaments. The fibers or filaments of the Nonwoven fabric can be smooth or two- or three-dimensional crimped or crimped fibers or filaments can be blended with uncrimped ones become. However, crimped fibers or filaments are preferred used because these improve the absorbency. Depending on The fibers and / or filaments can be used colorless or in the application Textile dyed with dye and / or white pigment. It can some of the fibers before or after the formation of the fleece or after completion of the Multifilament yarn-interwoven and shrunk voluminous nonwoven textile dyed.

Preferably, the voluminous nonwoven is one that is coated with a lubricant such as Silicone oil is impregnated. Furthermore, the nonwoven fabric can also be used proportionately contain siliconized fibers or fibers with other lubricants. The However, lubricant can also be added to the nonwoven afterwards its pile or its consolidation to a textile fabric have been applied. By applying a lubricant like For example, silicone oil on the fibers and multifilaments of the nonwoven knitting with a multifilament yarn can be particularly high Basis weights of the nonwoven material the friction of the sewing needles with the Nonwovens can be reduced when exposed to the multifilament yarn.  

A voluminous nonwoven fabric is particularly preferred, the two in their Composition and / or structure has different sides. The For this purpose, nonwoven fabric consists of several different fibers and / or Filament layers that already exist before using the multifilament yarn With the help of known binding techniques to form a composite. Through the Use of different fiber or filament layers on the two Main pages of the voluminous nonwoven can do different things Liquid absorption and wiping properties achieved and accordingly be used. For example, by using a voluminous nonwoven fabric with different sides between one Pre-cleaning and post-cleaning can be differentiated. Furthermore can thus better for the user of the voluminous nonwoven and be haptically differentiated, which side of the invention Nonwoven for the absorption of dirt particles and thus for one optimal wiping success is provided.

A voluminous nonwoven fabric, one or more times, is particularly preferred is folded. The folded shape is used for wiping, cleaning and Body care purposes. Especially in folded form Volume stable disposable wipes with very high absorbency.

A voluminous nonwoven fabric that is cleaned with a cleaning agent is particularly preferred. or care emulsion is impregnated. For this purpose, for example, aqueous Emulsions applied to the voluminous fleece. Furthermore, after the Shrinkage on one or both sides by known binders Methods can be applied. For this purpose, aqueous plastic Dispersions used to improve the hydrophilic Properties wetting agents and / or hydrophilizing polymers are added. The binder can also be used as a carrier for color pigmentation such. Legs  White pigmentation of the product can be used. Furthermore, the Binders can also be added to abrasive, inorganic particles such as corundum, to have an abrasive effect at least on one side when wiping or To achieve cleaning process. In this case, such Polymer dispersions used, which result in a very hard film. there the polymeric binder can also be immersed in a full bath be applied.

The voluminous nonwoven fabric according to the invention is preferably used as a wiping, Cleaning or personal care cloth used.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of three figures. It demonstrate:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an inventive voluminö sen nonwoven fabric,

Fig. 2 shows the cross section of a nonwoven fabric according to the invention along the line AA of FIG. 1 in an enlarged form and

Fig. 3 shows the cross section of a voluminous nonwoven fabric with an asymmetrical undulation.

In Fig. 1, a voluminous nonwoven fabric 1 according to the invention is shown schematically, the original nonwoven fabric 2 being thrown up in waves 3 , which consist of the elevations 4 and the valleys 5 . The direction AA represents the machine or warp direction. The multifilament yarns 6 oriented, textured and shrunk in the warp direction are knitted into the nonwoven fabric 2 at positions 7 and form the stitches 8 . The areas 9 of the multifilament yarn 6 oriented in the AA direction between the stitches 8 and the positions 7 are elastic.

The yarn regions 9 shown in FIG. 2 consist of by shrinking highly textured multifilament yarns 6 having a structure as elastic springs, giving the product excellent softness and elasticity. The nonwoven fabric 2 with its waves 3 , consisting of the elevations 4 and the valleys 5 , is preferably constructed from crimped fibers 10 , which are intensely intertwined by water jets. In FIG. 2, the case of a symmetrical corrugation 3 is shown, wherein the yarn regions of the shafts 3 each account for 12 and 13 right and left of the maximum height 11 half the length of Garnbereiches. 9 The maximum wave height 11 is defined as the distance of the yarn region 9 from the elevations 4 of the waves 3 .

Fig. 3 shows an asymmetrical corrugation 3 of the web 2, in which the maximum height is 11 shifted the waves 3 in the direction of the yarn regions 12 or 13. Such a case can occur if the voluminous nonwoven fabric is pressed or subjected to friction after the shrinking process.

The textured threads wound on warp beams are known Methods acted in the nonwoven, preferably only in the warp direction, whereby with regard to nonwoven parameters (weight, structure, pre-consolidation method etc.) and knitting parameters (type of textured yarn, total titer in dtex, Number of stitches / cm), the limits and gauges already described above must be observed.

After the effect of the textured multifilament yarns, this becomes Sheets of a moist treatment for shrinkage in the supersaturated Water vapor in boiling or near boiling water respectively  a hot water treatment in the pressure vessel (for example similar to one textile polyester dispersion dye) exposed. Temperatures over 100 ° C are suitable, but less preferred for reasons of cost.

The choice of the temperature for yarn shrinkage in the fabric directs the composition of the nonwoven and the textured Multifilament yarn. The temperature and its exposure time will be preferably chosen so that the nonwoven fabric itself does not have any surface shrinkage is subject to and only the textured yarn by shrinking Shortened length suffered. Therefore both the used textured multifilament yarns preferably consist of such filaments, which have a relatively high melting or softening point, such as for example polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide 6 or polyamide 6.6 or bicomponent yarns from two of these Fiber filaments as well as the fibers of the nonwoven made of thermally stable Fiber material exist. The wave-like structure necessary for the invention prohibits the use of the same polymer in both the nonwoven and in the textured yarn. Preferably also in the nonwoven fabric either not thermoplastic and at shrinking temperature of the yarn itself non-decomposing fibers or higher melting fibers, such as Polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide 6 or polyamide 6.6 or bicomponent fibers made from these polymers or blends from the fibers mentioned.

The flat goods are then either folded dry and / or with provided with an aqueous care lotion impregnation, then folded into shape and as a stack in hard, dimensionally stable and reclosable Plastic container ("dispenser box") placed or a stack of several folded Wraps wrapped in flexible foil bags ("refill packs").  

example 1

A carded staple fiber pile consisting of 60% cellulose dtex 1.5 / 40 mm and 40% polyester dtex 1.5 / 38 mm based on polyethylene terephthalate is placed on a conveyor belt and fed to the dewatering screen of a high-pressure water jet needling device. The metal sieve is fine-meshed and has a mesh number of 100. After pre-wetting with water, the fibrous web is first treated with directed high-pressure water jets on one side, then turned over and solidified with high-pressure water jets on the other side. Excess water is then suctioned off through a vacuum slot to a residual moisture of 98%. It is then dried in a so-called belt dryer. The basis weight of the water jet needled nonwoven fabric on the reel is 49 g / m ² .

The water jet needled nonwoven is on a Raschel machine in Warp direction interwoven with textured polyester multifilament yarns. This Yarns consist of 36 individual filaments with a single titer of 1.39 dtex, which results in a total titer of 50 dtex for the yarn.

The yarns knitted in the warp direction have a number of stitches in the warp direction (= machine direction) of 2 / cm. The number of yarns knitted in parallel to each other is 18 / inch (7.11 / cm). The weight per unit area after the warp penetration is 61.8 g / m ² .

In a third process step, the warp-knit nonwoven is subjected to a thermal shrinking treatment at 140 ° C. over a period of 20 seconds. Under these conditions, the textured yarns in the warp-knitted nonwoven fabric were shortened by 16% and the structure was corrugated. The result is a basis weight of 73.6 g / m ² .

Example 2

The composition of the hydroentangled nonwoven and the Conditions of exposure to the textured polyester yarns, as well as their The number of stitches and number of threads per unit length are identical. It was just instead of a dry thermal with a wet thermal treatment superheated steam at 125 ° C and a dwell time of 20 seconds carried out.

The result was a significantly higher shrinkage in the machine direction than in Example 1. It was 24.5% with an even more pronounced wave structure than in Example 1. The width of the goods remained unchanged, so that a total area shrinkage of 24.5% and a basis weight of 81.8 g / m ² resulted.

Example 3

The fiber mixture of the water jet needled nonwoven fabric produced in Example 1 was exchanged for one made of 100% cellulose dtex 1.5 / 38 mm and the dry weight after the water jet consolidation was reduced from 49 to 20 g / m ² . After yarn penetration, as described in Example 1, steam shrinking is carried out according to Example 2. The weight per unit area after the warp penetration is 32.2 g / m ² .

There was a shrinkage or a reduction in length of the flat goods in the machine direction of 50.3%. The result was a finished material weight of 64.8 g / m ² .

Example 4

Continuous filaments are extruded from the melt by cooling Air flows quenched, then directed air streams to a titer stretched by 1.7 dtex and on a storage belt to an unconsolidated Continuous filament nonwoven are deposited.

The continuous filaments have a cake structure with an overall cross section 16 pieces of cake, with larger ones in regular order and alternate smaller pieces of cake. The larger pieces of cake exist made of polyamide 6.6 and the smaller ones made of polyethylene terephthalate, so that the total of 16 cake pieces on 8 large ones made of polyamide 6.6 and Divide 8 smaller ones made of polyethylene terephthalate. The The proportions by weight of the so-called PIE fiber are distributed over 65% of polyamide 6.6 and 35% polyethylene terephthalate.

The spinning mass of the polyamide 6.6 portion became an antistatic or hydrophilizing agent added.

The unconsolidated continuous filament nonwoven fabric became one as in Example 1 Water jet needling unit supplied.

The high-pressure water jet treatment not only led to intensive intertwining of the fibers, but also to a splitting of the fibers up to a degree of splitting of approx. 93%. The degree of splitting was roughly determined by counting the resulting microfibers under the scanning electron microscope. The titer of microfibers based on polyamide 6.6 and polyethylene terephthalate is calculated at 0.138 dtex for polyamide 6.6 and 0.074 dtex for polyethylene terephthalate of the pie configuration (16er pie) and the total titer of the unsplit continuous filaments. The spec. The density of polyamide 6.6 is 1.14 and the polyethylene terephthalate is 1.37 g / cm ³ , from which the fiber fineness is calculated for polyamide 6.6 microfiber of 3.92 μm and for polyethylene terephthalate microfiber of 2.62 μm.

After drying the water jet needled nonwoven fabric, which has been split into microfibers and has a weight of 34 g / m ² , textured multifilament polyester yarns are knitted in the machine direction, as described in Examples 1-3. The goods are then subjected to a contact-free, airborne hot air treatment at 210 ° C over a period of 10 seconds.

There was a longitudinal shrinkage / longitudinal shortening of 32.2% under corrugation. The weight per unit area of the finished material was 69.3 g / m ² .

Comparative Example A

As comparative example A, example 1 becomes after the water jet needling used.

Comparative Example B

Comparative example B corresponds to example 1 after the water jet needling, with the difference that instead of the fine 100 mesh sieve, a coarse 20 mesh was used in the water jet needling device. This creates a nonwoven fabric with a perforated structure.

Claims (16)

1. Voluminous nonwoven fabric which is knitted with a textured yarn at least in one preferred direction, characterized in that an endless filament and / or staple fiber nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 5 to 100 g / cm ² with a textured multifilament yarn with a titer in the range of 10 up to 400 dtex, the distance of the multifilament yarns from each other is 1 / cm to 10 / cm, the number of stitches is 0.5 / cm to 8 / cm and the multifilament yarns have shrunk by 3 to 80% due to wet thermal or wet-thermal treatment , 2. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that an endless filament and / or staple fiber nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 7 to 60 g / cm ^{2 is} knitted with a textured multifilament yarn with a titer in the range from 30 to 300 dtex, the distance the multifilament yarn threads are 3 / cm to 7 / cm from each other and the number of stitches is 0.5 / cm to 4 / cm and the multifilament yarn threads have shrunk by 5 to 60% due to wet thermal or wet-thermal treatment. 3. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an endless filament and / or staple fiber nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 10 to 40 g / cm ² with a partial, pattern-like consolidation, which covers 2 to 35% of the area, provided with and is knitted through a textured multifilament yarn, the multifilament yarn threads having shrunk by 8 to 35%. 4. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized shows that the partial, pattern-like hardening 4 to 25% of the Area covered. 5. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the titer of the fibers and / or filaments of the nonwoven used is between 0.05 and 4.4 dtex, with up to 20 wt .-% Fibers and / or filaments with a coarser titer than 4.4 dtex can be on the condition that the arithmetically averaged Average of the fiber and / or filament titer of all fibers and / or Filaments in the nonwoven fabric do not exceed 4.4 dtex. 6. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized indicates that the temperature causing the shrinkage of the multifilament yarn temperature at least 2500 below the softening temperature of those fibers and / or filaments in the nonwoven fabric with the lowest softening range lies. 7. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized indicates that the nonwoven is stretched across the machine direction. 8. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized records that at least 20 wt .-% inherently hydrophilic fibers and / or Filaments and the remaining 100% by weight synthetic fibers and / or filaments. 9. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to claim 8, characterized in that at least some of the synthetic fibers and / or filaments are hydrophilic is equipped.   10. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized records that it is at least partially superabsorbent fibers and / or Contains filaments or fibers and / or filaments, the core of which is coated with a superabsorbent polymer. 11. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized records that it has crimped and dyed fibers and / or filaments contains. 12. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized indicates that it is impregnated with a lubricant such as silicone oil. 13. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized signs that he has two in their composition and / or structure has different sides. 14. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized shows that it is folded one or more times. 15. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized characterized that he with a cleaning or care emulsion is impregnated. 16. Voluminous nonwoven fabric according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized records that it is used as a wipe, cleaning or personal care wipe becomes.