CN88101652A - 具有组合涂层的显像系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种感光材料，该材料带有支持体、含有不透明添加剂的涂层、含有微胶囊的涂层和显影材料层。采取适当的方式安置含有不透明添加剂的涂层、含有微胶囊的涂层和显影材料层，以便当微胶囊破裂时，成色剂扩散到显影材料层并在那里形成影象。对最终影象的观察是以不透明添加剂为背景的。
Description
本发明涉及一个具有组合涂层的显像系统。利用微胶囊封装对辐射敏感的成分的感光显像系统是普遍转让的美国专利4399209和4416966的主题。同样，1982年1月18日申请的美国专利申请号为320643的未决专利也是同一主题。上述显像系统的特征在于：一个显像片对光化辐射进行影象曝光。该显影片包含一个微胶囊层，在微胶囊的内相中贮有光固或光软性的感光成分。在大多数典型的实施例中，感光成分是一种包括不饱和聚乙稀化合物和光引发剂在内的光聚合成分，它与成色剂一起封装在胶囊中。影象曝光使胶囊的内相固化。曝光之后，显影片通过一对压力辊的辊隙并受到均匀的裂解力。
普遍转让的美国专利4440846揭示了一种自贮存显像系统。在该系统中，胶囊封装的成色剂和显影材料作为同一涂层或两个相连的涂层放置在同一表面。当这种自贮存拷贝片接触并通过压力辊时，受到影象曝光的微胶囊破裂并释放出内相，随后，成色剂流向显影材料并在那里与其作用形成彩色影象。
同美国专利4440846揭示的显像系统相同，本发明的显像系统包括一个支持体、一个含有微胶囊的涂层和一个显影材料涂层。与前述系统不同的是，本发明的显像系统还包括一个带有不透明添加剂的涂层，在这里，“不透明添加剂”这一术语指的是这样一种材料，它有效地掩盖了微胶囊，从而可以不受干挠地观察最终影象，同时它可以反射光以提供一个白背景。含有不透明添加剂的涂层可以是一个单独的涂层，也可以成为微胶囊涂层的一部分，或者两者兼有。
应当采取适当的方式安置含不透明添加剂的涂层、含微胶囊的涂层和显影材料涂层，以便当微胶囊破裂时，成色剂扩散到显影材料层并在那里形成影象。使用不透明添加剂的目的在于为最终的影象观察提供一个反射的白背景。在剥离和挤压显影之前，不透明添加剂还起着抗磨损涂层的作用。与美国专利4399209所描述的显影系统不同，在挤压显影后，对最终影象的观察是通过透明片基进行的，因此本发明的支持体并不需要剥离。这样，取消了一个处理步骤，也不会产生诸如用过的影象片那样的废弃物。本发明还提供了高质量的上光效应。
在一个优选的实施例中使用了两个外支持体，这样做的好处在于产生的感光材料是不透氧的。正如熟悉这一领域的人所知，当使用单体-光引发剂系统时，氧的抑制作用是常见的。因为光引发剂是由可见光或紫外辐射激活的，由此而产生的自由基与氧相互作用阻碍了单体的聚合。利用两个不透氧的外层支持体使感光材料与氧隔绝，自由基的作用更加有效。
按照本发明的另一个实施例，提供了一种显像方法，其中包括使上述的感光材料对光化辐射曝光。该感光材料有以下构成：一个支持体;含有不透明添加剂的涂层;含有微胶囊的涂层，微胶囊中贮有成色剂和光固或光软性感光成分;显影材料涂层。微胶囊被裂解以便使成色剂经过或者从不透明添加剂的涂层扩散到显影材料上并在那里形成影象。最终影象的观察背景是不透明添加剂涂层。
因而，本发明的目的在于提供一种具有不透明添加剂层的感光材料。该添加剂层对成色剂来说是可渗透的，并作为最终影象的观察背景。同时，在剥离和挤压显影之前，它还起着抗磨损涂层的作用。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种感光材料，在使用中不会产生诸如用过的影象片那样的废弃物。
本发明的另一个附加目的在于提供一种具有高度光滑的观察表面的感光材料。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种不透氧的感光材料。
本发明的其它目的和优点将在下面的描述、附图及权利要求中表明。
图1-图6是本发明的感光材料的不同实施例的剖面图。
图7代表了曝光和微胶囊破裂后的感光材料。
如图1-3所示，不透明添加剂12存在于涂层13中，而涂层13与微胶囊14的涂层15是分离。按照本发明的一个实施例，如图1所示，微胶囊14的涂层15介于支持体16和不透明添加剂12的涂层13之间。通过透明的支持体16，微胶囊14对光化辐射源曝光。另外，不透明添加剂12的涂层13位于微胶囊14的涂层15和显影材料18的涂层之间。当裂解微胶囊的时候，如美国专利4440846所描述的那样，成色剂在影象区被释放出来。成色剂通过涂层13扩散到显影层18并在那里形成影象。对影象的观察是以不透明添加剂12的涂层13作为背景的。
按照图2所示的另一个实施例，支持体位于图1摄影组件的反面。不透明添加剂12的涂层13介于微胶囊14的涂层15和显影材料18的涂层之间。含有微胶囊14的涂层15被靠近它的光化辐射源曝光。另外，显影材料18的涂层介于不透明添加剂12的涂层13和支持体20之间。成色体从微胶囊14中释放出来，穿过涂层13到达涂层18并在那里形成影象。对影象的观察是透过透明支持体20并以不透明添加剂12的涂层13为背景进行的。
图3所示是一个不透氧的摄影组件。按照这一实施例，感光材料依如下顺序构成：支持体16，含有微胶囊14的涂层15，含有不透明添加剂12的涂层13，显影材料18的涂层和第二支持体20。通过透明支持体16，带有微胶囊14的涂层15被靠近它的光化辐射源曝光。透过透明支持体20并以不透明添加剂12的涂层13为背景，可以观察在显影材料18中形成的影象。
图7中更加详细地描述了图3所示的摄影组件的作用机理。图3中摄影组件的影象曝光使微胶囊层15中产生了曝光微胶囊30和未曝光微胶囊32。当时摄影组件施加均匀的裂解力时，未曝光微胶囊破裂并释放出成色剂。成色剂沿箭头方向通过不透明添加剂12的涂层13流到显影层18。成色剂与涂层18的显影剂作用产生彩色影象34。透过透明支持体20，可以观察影象。
图4-6代表本发明的另外的实施例。其中不透明添加剂12散布在含有微胶囊14的涂层中构成扩散层22。按照图4所示的一个实施例，扩散层22介于支持体16和显影材料18的涂层之间。根据所用材料的不同，微胶囊14可以通过透明支持体16或者显影材料18的涂层曝光。以扩散层22作为背景，观察显影材料18的涂层中形成的影象。
如图5、6所示，支持体可以位于摄影组件的两面或者两面中的任一面。在图5中，显影材料18的涂层介于扩散层22和支持体20之间。微胶囊14被靠近扩散层22的光化辐射源曝光，或者通过透明支持体20对靠近支持体的光化辐射源曝光。通过透明支持体20并以扩散层22为背景，可以观察在显影材料18的涂层中形成的影像。
如图6所示的另一个实施例，感光材料依如下顺序构成：支持体16，不透明添加剂12和微胶囊14组成的扩散层22，显影材料18的涂层和第二支持体20。通过透明支持体16或透明支持体20，微胶囊14被靠近支持体16或靠近支持体20的光化辐射源曝光。透过透明支持体20并以扩散层22为背景，观察形成于显影材料18的涂层中的影象。正如前面所提到的，由于具有两个支持体，感光材料具备了不透氧性，这是图6所示的实施例的一个很大的优点。
对于某些特定的应用，图4-6所示的实施例是十分有利的。但由于不透明添加剂12具有散射效应，更多地还是选择图1-3的实施例。
还可以把显影系统做成两个组件，在挤压显影阶段再把它们合在一起。这种二元系统的价格可能便宜一些，制造起来也简单。从附图中可以看到，图3和图6描述的实施例就可以采用这种方式。例如图3中的涂层13和15可以被涂覆在支持体16上作为一个组件，而涂层18被分开地涂覆在支持体20上。这样做具有很大的优越性，因为一次涂一层比一次涂多层容易得多。当两个组件被挤压显影时，它们将组成一个整体组件，这种组件分别与图3和图6描述的相同。
不透明添加剂12是一种无活性的、可反射光线的添加剂。它存在于对微胶囊14释放出的成色剂具有可渗透性的涂层中。着色的影象形成于显影材料18的涂层中。对影象的观察是以不透明添加剂作为白背景的。可用作不透明添加剂的材料包括惰性的、散射光线的白颜料。例如二氧化钛、碳化镁或硫酸钡。在一个较好的实施例中，不透明添加剂是二氧化钛。
美国专利4399209揭示了可利用的光固性和光软性化合物、光引发剂、成色剂、载体油以及微胶囊14涂层的封装技术，在这里引用该专利作为参考。1986年10月10日申请的、美国专利申请号为917873的专利描述了一种比较好的感光成分，该专利已普遍转让。
在图4-6所示的实施例中，微胶囊14中包含有一种无色的或光漂白的增光剂。在感光成分对可见光并不敏感的场合，例如感光成分对远紫外区敏感时，增光剂是无色的。当采用对可见光敏感、或对近紫外和兰光区域敏感的感光成分时，用于图4-6中的增光剂是有色的，因此最好具有光漂白性。不然的话，增光剂将使背景着色。例如，在可见光340nm到500nm区域敏感的微胶囊成分是黄色的，这是由内相、特别是光引发剂系统的光谱灵敏度造成的。由于在挤压显影后支持体并不被剥离，黄色的微胶囊给观察背景带来了黄色调并有损于影象的艺术性。因此，微胶囊14最好含有光漂白增光剂。该增光剂在光谱区390nm-500nm敏感并使显影片具有黄色调。但在显影过程之后，通过对萤光（紫外）曝光，增光剂被漂白。
在某些应用中，增光剂的用量相对来说较少，其颜色对影象质量的损害也许不太严重，因此并不要求使用光漂白增光剂。1986年12月10日申请的、美国专利申请号939270的专利揭示了一些有效的光漂白增光剂。
图1-3所示的实施例并不需要光漂白增光剂。因为对影象的观察是以不透明添加剂12的涂层13为白背景的，该涂层覆盖了微胶囊14。作为对比，在图4中，对形成于显影材料18的涂层中的影象的观察是以扩散层22作为背景的。而在图5-6中，对形成于显影材料18的涂层中的影象的观察是通过透明支持体20并以扩散层22作为背景，因此，微胶囊14的颜色将出现在形成在显影材料18中的影象的背景中。如果使用一种在进行加热、对增光剂进行光漂白的同时被清除的显影树脂18时，清除显影树脂18的工作可以在一次处置中完成。例如使用卤钨灯那样明亮的热流体光源对增光剂进行漂白并凝聚显影剂。
如图1和图3所示，支持体16必须是透明或半透明的，以便于光化辐射通过透明支持体16对微胶囊14的涂层15曝光。在这一行业中，包括聚乙稀对苯二甲酸脂在内的透明片基是人所熟知的。在图4和图6所示的实施例中，支持体可以是不透明的或者是透明的。根据所用显影剂的透过特性，可以通过支持体20和显影剂涂层18对微胶囊14曝光。例如，某些苯酚显影树脂具有足够的透明度，因而允许通过支持体20曝光。另一些显影剂则不能。可以用作支持体16的不透明片基包括一般的商业用纸材或者类似于铸涂纸（cast-coated）和铜版纸那样的特殊牌号纸。
在本发明中采用的显影材料是能够与呈色剂发生反应并产生彩色影象的化合物或材料。在最典型的情况下，显影材料是一种电子接受化合物或被称为彩色显影剂的物质。然而，在最广泛的意义上，这里所用的“显影材料”这一字眼指的是那一半没有和感光组分一起封装在胶囊中的成色组分。因此，如上所述，在本发明中可以把传统上被认为是彩色显影剂的化合物作为呈色剂封装起来，而传统上被认为是成色剂的化合物可以在胶囊外面使用。
应用于本发明中的显影材料与那些应用于无碳纸技术中的、众所周知的材料相同。作为说明性的例子如：耐酸粘土、活性粘土、（attapulgite）等粘土矿物;诸如镓酸、 
酸、丙镓酸等有机酸;聚合酸;如酚醛树脂，苯酚乙炔缩合树脂，甲醛与带有至少一个羟基的有机羧酸的缩合物等等;金属盐或芳香羧酸，如水杨酸锌、水杨酸锡、2-羟基萘（甲）酸锌、3，5二-特丁基水杨酸锌、酚醛清漆树脂油溶金属盐（例如，见美国专利3672935;3732120和3737410）诸如美国专利3732120揭示的锌改性的油溶酚醛树脂、碳酸锌等等以及它们的混合物，对本发明十分有用的另一类苯酚树脂是取代或不取代的苯酚或双酚的氧化偶联的产物，1985年11月13日提出并于最近通过的、美国专利申请号797585的专利描述了这类树脂，该项专利已普遍转让。1986年9月9日提出的、已普遍转让的、美国专利申请号905727的专利揭示了比较好的显影树脂。
在示于图2，3，5，6的实施例中，对显影剂18的涂层中的影象的观察是透过透明支持体20进行的，因此可以在不移开支持体20的情况下对影象进行观察。用作支持体20的透明基片包括聚乙稀对苯二酸酯。
为了减少形象褪色，可以把一种紫外吸收染料掺到支持体20中，其作用机理是本行业所熟知的。为了便于观察和减小表面反射，可以在支持体上使用减反涂层。
这里所用的术语“光化辐射”包含了电磁辐射的全波段范围，它包括紫外、红外、整个可见光谱以及伽玛辐射和离子束辐射。比较好的光化辐射类型是波长从190nm到900nm的紫外辐射和可见光。
使含有微胶囊14的涂层破裂的典型方法是让感光材料通过两个压力辊的辊隙。已普遍转让的美国专利4448516;4533615;4578340;4592986和1987年2月5日提出、美国专利申请号010922的那些专利揭示了另外一些使微胶囊破裂的有效方法。那些单纯依靠剪切的方法只在微胶囊位于摄影组件的表面时才有效。
在详尽地描述了本发明和参考了比较好的实施例之后，可以看出，在附属的权利要求所限制的本发明的范围内，改型和变型都是可能的。
Claims (12)
1、一种具有下述构成的感光材料：
支持体，
含有不透明添加剂的涂层，
含有微胶囊的涂层，在微胶囊中装有成色剂和光固或光软性感光组分。
显影材料涂层；上述的不透明添加剂涂层、微胶囊涂层和显影材料涂层应当采取适当的方式安置，以便当微胶囊破裂时，成色剂扩散到显影材料层并在那里形成影象，对影象的观察是以不透明添加剂层为背景的。
2、按照权利要求1的感光材料，其构成顺序如下：
透明的支持体，上述的含有微胶囊的涂层，上述的含有不透明添加剂的涂层和上述的显影材料涂层。
3、按照权利要求1的感光材料，其构成顺序如下：
透明支持体，上述的显影材料层，上述的含有不透明添加剂的涂层和上述的含有微胶囊的涂层。
4、按照权利要求2的感光材料，其构成顺序如下：
第一透明支持体，上述的含有微胶囊的涂层，上述的含有不透明添加剂的涂层，上述的显影材料涂层和第二透明支持体。
5、按照权利要求4的感光材料，其中的不透明添加剂是从二氧化钛、碳化镁和硫酸钡这一材料组中选出来的。
6、按照权利要求1的感光材料，其中上述的含有微胶囊的涂层和上述的含有不透明添加剂的涂层合并成为一个涂层。
7、按照权利要求6的感光材料，其中上述的复合层介于上述的支持体和上述的显影材料层之间。
8、按照权利要求6的感光材料，其中上述的显影材料层介于上述的复合层与上述的支持体之间。
9、按照权利要求6的感光材料以如下顺序构成：第一支持体，上述的复合层，上述的显影材料层和第二支持体。
10、按照权利要求9的感光材料，其中的第一和第二支持体中至少有一个是透明的，以便使微胶囊层能够通过该支持体对光化辐射曝光。
11、按照权利要求6的感光材料，其中微胶囊附加地含有光漂白增光剂。
12、一种具有如下步骤的显像方法包括：
感光材料对光化辐射曝光，该感光材料带有支持体、含有不透明添加剂的涂层、显影材料层和含有微胶囊的涂层，在微胶囊中装有成色剂和光固或光软性的感光组分。然后，使上述的微胶囊破裂以便成色剂扩散到显影材料层并在那里产生影象，对影象的观察是以不透明添加剂为背景的。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/032,144 US4766050A (en) | 1987-03-27 | 1987-03-27 | Imaging system with integral cover sheet |
| US032,144 | 1987-03-27 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN88101652A true CN88101652A (zh) | 1988-12-07 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN198888101652A Pending CN88101652A (zh) | 1987-03-27 | 1988-03-26 | 具有组合涂层的显像系统 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US4766050A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0284446A3 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPS63259551A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR880011613A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN88101652A (zh) |
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| US20050084790A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Color developer composition and imaging element containing same |
| US20070116910A1 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2007-05-24 | Polykarpov Alexander Y | Multilayer laminated structures |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE545678A (zh) * | ||||
| US4397483A (en) * | 1980-10-17 | 1983-08-09 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. | Pressure sensitive recording paper |
| US4440846A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-04-03 | Mead Corporation | Photocopy sheet employing encapsulated radiation sensitive composition and imaging process |
| US4399209A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1983-08-16 | The Mead Corporation | Transfer imaging system |
| US4532200A (en) * | 1983-11-16 | 1985-07-30 | The Mead Corporation | Photosensitive imaging material employing encapsulated radiation sensitive composition having improved toe speed |
-
1987
- 1987-03-27 US US07/032,144 patent/US4766050A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-03-17 JP JP63064678A patent/JPS63259551A/ja active Pending
- 1988-03-26 CN CN198888101652A patent/CN88101652A/zh active Pending
- 1988-03-26 KR KR1019880003277A patent/KR880011613A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-03-28 EP EP88302758A patent/EP0284446A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR880011613A (ko) | 1988-10-29 |
| EP0284446A3 (en) | 1990-04-18 |
| EP0284446A2 (en) | 1988-09-28 |
| US4766050A (en) | 1988-08-23 |
| JPS63259551A (ja) | 1988-10-26 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |