CN1717675A - 使用多个编码器对多媒体压缩进行优化的系统和方法 - Google Patents
使用多个编码器对多媒体压缩进行优化的系统和方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
用多个编码器(A、B、...、N)对一多媒体流并行地进行压缩,动态地评估所述多个编码器的压缩流输出的品质(14)。将最佳压缩流连同所使用的特定压缩算法的相关信息一起发射(16),以使接收机的解码器可以将该流解压缩以进行呈现(18,20)。
Description
发明领域
本发明一般涉及多媒体传输。
技术背景
为了节约带宽,在发射或存储通常包括视频帧的多媒体流之前对其进行压缩。压缩视频通常意味着用相对较小的比特组表示相对较大的比特组。所接收的压缩多媒体流被解压缩回它们(接近于)的原始格式,以用于显示。
很容易明白的是,可以采用多种压缩方案。更具体地说,可以采用多种使用算法和/或基函数(这里统称为“压缩算法”)的不同压缩方案。压缩通常有两个目标:第一个,当然是尽可能地压缩多媒体流;与第一个目标相矛盾的是,希望在压缩和展开过程期间不损失过多的信息。通常用于压缩的设备称为高质量编码器,该高质量编码器配置了固定的压缩算法,这些压缩算法力求优化这两个矛盾的目标。
本发明认识到,根据待压缩的特定多媒体流的特性,第一压缩方案对于第一流可能是最优的,而第二压缩方案对于第二流可能是最优的。实际上,使用多于一个的压缩方案来对相同流的不同部分进行压缩可能是最优的。
处理这种情况的一种办法是提供一种编码器,该编码器能够动态地改变其压缩算法以适合于当前正被压缩的多媒体流。然而,如同本发明所理解的那样,这需要通过连续测试候选算法,来改变压缩算法、测量所得压缩的质量、再次改变算法等。如同这里进一步理解的那样,虽然对于存储压缩内容而言,这可能可以接受,但在发射压缩多媒体的内容时就成为问题,在发射期间,可能不存在足够的时间来连续地测试候选压缩算法。基于已经做出这些关键意见,在下面提出了本发明。
发明内容
一种用于处理多媒体流的方法,包括:使用第一压缩算法,从该多媒体流产生第一压缩流。该方法还包括:使用第二压缩算法,与第一压缩流并行地从该多媒体流产生至少第二压缩流;然后,评估所述第一和第二压缩流。基于该评估动作,发射所述压缩流中的最佳一个。
在一个优选实施例中,所述第一压缩流是使用执行所述第一压缩算法的第一编码器来产生的。另一方面,第二压缩流是使用执行所述第二压缩算法的第二编码器来产生的。可以使用和评估两个以上的编码器。
为了有助于在发射和接收之后将该压缩流解压缩,将表示最佳压缩流的压缩算法的信息与该流一起发射。所述评估可以是基于压缩效率和/或流质量和/或集合传输信道要求和/或传输信道能力的。
在另一个方面,一种对原始多媒体流进行编码以用于发射的系统,包括:第一编码器,用于使用至少第一编码算法对该原始流进行编码,以产生第一编码流;第二编码器,用于使用至少第二编码算法对该原始流进行编码,以产生第二编码流。处理器选择第一和第二编码流中之一,来产生代表该原始流的选择流。
在又一方面,一种用于选择用于发射的压缩流的产品,包括:用于从多媒体流中获取第一压缩流的装置。该产品还包括:用于从该多媒体流中与第一压缩流并行地获取第二压缩流的装置。装置被提供来动态地选择所述压缩流中的一个最佳压缩流以用于发射。
参考以下附图,可以更好地理解本发明关于其结构和操作的细节,在所有附图中,相同的标号表示相同的部件,其中:
附图简述
图1是本系统的简化功能框图;以及
图2是由选择处理器执行的逻辑的流程图。
具体实施方式
首先参照图1,示出了一种用于对来自多媒体源12的、包括视频流的多媒体进行压缩和发射的系统,总体标记为10。源12可以是提供多媒体流的内容提供者、或本地数据存储设备或接收机。源12的具体特征与本发明并无密切关系。这里的多媒体流被假定为是数字化的。
如图所示,系统10包括多个压缩编码器A至N,所述多个压缩编码器A至N并行地接收待压缩的流,并使用各自的压缩方案相互并行地对该流进行压缩。编码器A至N的输出由选择处理器14接收,选择处理器14如下面进一步讨论那样来对这些输出的品质(merit)进行评估,然后将所选择的一个流或多个流发送到用于发射所述流的发射机16。如下进一步讨论,选择决策可以考虑诸如信噪比、可用通信层、传输信道特征、消费者偏好、节目流重要性、可用带宽以及其他的参数。接收机18接收所述流,并将该流发送到解码器20,解码器20将该流解压缩,以将其呈现在诸如视频监视器、打印机、扬声器之类的显示设备22上。
图1中所示的非限制性优选实施例示出了多媒体发射机16,该多媒体发射机16使用无线方法,更具体地说,使用码分多址(CDMA)原理。如果需要,可以将所述流广播到多个接收机;或者使用点到点无线传输原理来发送该流。也可以采用多播传输原理。应当理解的是,本原理适用于其他形式的无线通信,如GSM、TDMA、宽带CDMA、OFDM等,以及通过电缆系统、互联网等进行的多媒体传输。
现在参照图2,说明压缩方案选择逻辑。从方框24开始,来自源12的多媒体流由编码器A、B、…、N并行地接收。在方框26中,所述编码器使用各自的压缩算法,相互并行地压缩相同的流。将编码器和/或编码器输出多样化的方法的非限制性例子包括:在所述编码器中,使用不同数量和类型的层、分配到各层的不同的数据量/秒、不同的信噪比、不同的压缩技术、不同的总带宽等。应该注意的是,当前互联网多媒体流应用向用户提供多个固定编码选择,包括所需的带宽(如56Kbps、100Kbps、300Kbps)和大小(如视频QCIF、CIF、单声、立体声、5.1等)。
在方框28中,将编码器输出的压缩流发送到选择处理器14进行评估。如果需要,在一个非限制示例性实施例中,首先将所述流发送到方框27,在方框27中,根据流特征或单独地确定集合流和可用传输信道的相关信息,如集合信道要求、当前信道状态和当前传输信道能力。在方框28中,处理器14评估这些流的品质,其包括:如果需要,考虑集合信道要求和传输信道的当前状态及传输信道的能力。应当明白的是,要尽可能地几乎同时对所述流进行评估。评估本身可以是基于各编码器提供的压缩效率的,即:在一个非限制性例子中,可以确定相对于从源12接收的原始多媒体流的大小,哪个编码器将其压缩流大小减少得最多。此外,评估也可基于压缩流的质量。可以使用任何合适的质量标准。在一个非限制性例子中,可以将各压缩流的部分解压缩,然后,将解压缩的部分与原始流的相应部分进行比较,其结果是,提供最接近匹配的编码器被指定为“高质量”编码器。当使用一个以上的评估标准时,例如,当评估压缩效率、层数、流优先权和流质量时,可以产生一个各自的加权平均测量,作为各编码器压缩正在处理的特定多媒体流的效率的总体指示符。在一个非限制性例子中,压缩效率可能占总分的80%,流质量可能占20%。在另一个非限制性例子中,将一个流的基本层压缩到如32Kbps和将该流的第二(增强)层压缩到小于24Kbps的能力可能占总分的50%,流质量可能占50%,但是,如果编码选择不能将基本层压缩到小于48Kbps,将完全排除该编码选择。也可以使用其他启发式方法,所述启发式方法包括那些与接收设备能力相适应的方法。
如方框28所示,一个品质显示为“最佳”的压缩流被输出来用于发射。决策菱形框30表明,如果需要,可以在连续循环内执行以上过程。具体而言,如果其中某一压缩流是“最佳”压缩流的改变被指出,则逻辑转到方框32,以输出该新的“最佳”压缩流,然后,转到方框34,通过环回到方框26,继续该过程,直到全部多媒体流已经被压缩、评估和发射。如果决策菱形框30的检测是否定的,如图所述,逻辑通过方框34环回到方框26。因此,如果需要,原始多媒体流可以进行连续地并行压缩;如果需要,“最佳”压缩流的选择可以是连续且是动态的,其中,基于对应于各部分的品质的各方案,可能将多个压缩方案用于原始流的各个部分。
作为“最佳”压缩流输出的部分,用于产生“最佳”输出的特定压缩方案的指示与该流一起发射,例如,在该流的视频帧的头部中或在一个独立的信道上。使用该指示,解码器20可以被合适地配置来对该流进行解压缩。
尽管这里示出和详细描述的具体的“SYSTEM AND METHODFOR OPTIMIZING MULTIMEDIA COMPRESSION USINGPLURALENCODERS(使用多个编码器优化多媒体压缩的系统和方法)”能够完全地实现本发明的上述目的,但应当理解的是,这只是本发明目前的优选实施例,因此只是本发明广义考虑的主题的一个代表,本发明的保护范围完全地包括对本领域技术人员来说显而易见的其他实施例,因此,除所附的权利要求之外,本发明的保护范围不受其他限定,其中,除非明确声明,否则对元件的单数说明并不表示“一个且仅一个”,而是表示“一个或多个”。与对于本领域普通技术人员来说都是已知的或者以后将成为已知的上述优选实施例的元件相等同的所有结构和功能等价物明确地并入此处,作为参考,并且趋向于被本发明的权利要求所覆盖。而且,对于本权利要求所覆盖的一种设备或方法,不必解决本发明欲解决的每个问题。此外,不管在权利要求中是否明确说明了该要素、部件或方法步骤,本发明公开中的任何要素、部件或方法步骤都趋向于不是专用于公众的。除非一个产品权利要求使用“用于……的装置”的措辞来明确表述,或者在一个方法权利要求情况下,该元件被表述为“步骤”而非“动作”,否则,这里任何的单项权利要求都不得按照美国法典第35条第112款第六段来进行解释。
Claims (36)
1、一种用于对多媒体流进行处理的方法,包括:
使用第一压缩算法,从所述多媒体流产生第一压缩流;
使用第二压缩算法,从所述多媒体流与此并行地产生至少第二压缩流;
评估至少所述第一和第二压缩流;以及
基于所述评估动作,发射所述压缩流中的选择压缩流。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述第一压缩流是使用执行所述第一压缩算法的第一编码器产生的,所述第二压缩流是使用执行所述第二压缩算法的第二编码器产生的。
3、如权利要求1所述的方法,包括:使用第三压缩算法,与产生所述第一和第二压缩流并行地从所述多媒体流产生至少第三压缩流。
4、如权利要求1所述的方法,还包括:发射表示所述选择压缩流的压缩算法的信息。
5、如权利要求4所述的方法,还包括:使用表示所述选择压缩流的压缩算法的信息来配置解码器,以便于对所述选择压缩流进行解压缩。
6、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述评估动作是至少部分地通过评估压缩质量来执行的。
7、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述评估动作至少部分地基于压缩效率。
8、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述评估动作至少部分地基于集合传输信道的要求。
9、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述评估动作至少部分地基于传输信道的能力。
10、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述发射动作是无线执行的。
11、如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述发射动作是使用CDMA原理执行的。
12、如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述发射动作是使用OFDM原理执行的。
13、如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述发射动作是使用数字广播原理执行的。
14、一种用于对原始多媒体流进行编码以用于发射的系统,包括:
第一编码器,用于使用至少第一编码算法对所述原始流进行编码,以产生第一编码流;
第二编码器,用于使用至少第二编码算法对所述原始流进行编码,以产生第二编码流;和
处理器,用于选择所述第一和第二编码流中之一,以产生代表所述原始流的选择流。
15、如权利要求14所述的系统,其中,所述处理器至少部分地基于各编码流的质量来执行所述选择动作。
16、如权利要求14所述的系统,其中,所述处理器至少部分地基于压缩效率来执行所述选择动作。
17、如权利要求14所述的系统,还包括用于发射编码流的无线发射机。
18、如权利要求14所述的系统,其中,所述处理器对所述原始流多次执行所述选择动作。
19、如权利要求14所述的系统,包括至少第三编码器。
20、如权利要求14所述的系统,其中,所述处理器将产生所述选择流的各个编码器的相应算法的相关信息连同所述选择流一起发送。
21、如权利要求14所述的系统,还包括一个使用所述信息来选择解码算法的解码器。
22、如权利要求14所述的系统,其中,所述处理器至少部分地基于集合信道的要求来执行所述选择动作。
23、如权利要求14所述的系统,其中,所述处理器至少部分地基于传输信道的能力来执行所述选择动作。
24、如权利要求14所述的系统,其中,所述处理器在一个独立于所述选择流的信道上发送产生所述选择流的各个编码器的相关信息。
25、如权利要求17所述的系统,其中,所述无线发射机是CDMA发射机。
26、如权利要求17所述的系统,其中,所述无线发射机是OFDM发射机。
27、如权利要求17所述的系统,其中,所述无线发射机是数字广播发射机。
28、一种用于选择压缩流以用于发射的产品,包括:
用于从多媒体流中获取第一压缩流的装置;
用于与所述第一压缩流并行地从所述多媒体流获取第二压缩流的装置;以及
用于动态地选择所述压缩流中的选择压缩流以用于发射的装置。
29、如权利要求28所述的产品,还包括发送装置,用于将用于产生所述压缩流中的选择压缩流的压缩方案的指示连同所述压缩流中的选择压缩流一起发送。
30、如权利要求29所述的产品,还包括:用于发射所述压缩流中的选择压缩流的装置。
31、如权利要求30所述的产品,还包括解压缩装置,用于当收到所述压缩流中的选择压缩流时,至少部分地使用压缩方案的所述指示对其进行解压缩。
32、如权利要求31所述的产品,还包括发送装置,用于在独立于所述选择流的信道上发送产生所述选择流的装置的相关信息。
33、如权利要求32所述的产品,还包括用于无线地发射所述选择流的无线发射装置。
34、如权利要求33所述的产品,其中,所述无线发射装置为CDMA发射机。
35、如权利要求33所述的产品,其中,所述无线发射装置为OFDM发射机。
36、如权利要求33所述的产品,其中,所述无线发射装置为数字广播发射机。
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US10/305,581 | 2002-11-26 | ||
US10/305,581 US7720999B2 (en) | 2002-11-26 | 2002-11-26 | System and method for optimizing multimedia compression using plural encoders |
PCT/US2003/038159 WO2004049581A2 (en) | 2002-11-26 | 2003-11-25 | System and method for optimizing multimedia compression using plural encoders |
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CN1717675A true CN1717675A (zh) | 2006-01-04 |
CN1717675B CN1717675B (zh) | 2010-04-28 |
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CN2003801041973A Expired - Fee Related CN1717675B (zh) | 2002-11-26 | 2003-11-25 | 使用多个编码器对多媒体压缩进行优化的系统和方法 |
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US (1) | US7720999B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1565993A4 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP2006508590A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20050084994A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1717675B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003298778A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0316555A (zh) |
IL (1) | IL168564A (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA05005593A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2004049581A2 (zh) |
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CN104410861A (zh) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | 视频编码方法及装置 |
CN109510985A (zh) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-22 | 西安科锐盛创新科技有限公司 | 视频编码方法及其装置 |
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-
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-
2003
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- 2003-11-25 KR KR1020057008730A patent/KR20050084994A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2003-11-25 JP JP2004555826A patent/JP2006508590A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-11-25 BR BR0316555-8A patent/BR0316555A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-11-25 MX MXPA05005593A patent/MXPA05005593A/es unknown
- 2003-11-25 CN CN2003801041973A patent/CN1717675B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-25 AU AU2003298778A patent/AU2003298778A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-11-25 WO PCT/US2003/038159 patent/WO2004049581A2/en active Application Filing
-
2005
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2010
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102236543A (zh) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-09 | 百度在线网络技术(北京)有限公司 | 数据解压装置及方法 |
CN102236543B (zh) * | 2010-05-07 | 2015-07-22 | 百度在线网络技术(北京)有限公司 | 数据解压装置及方法 |
CN103069797A (zh) * | 2010-08-26 | 2013-04-24 | 飞思卡尔半导体公司 | 视频处理系统以及用于视频数据的并行处理的方法 |
CN104410861A (zh) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | 视频编码方法及装置 |
WO2016082529A1 (zh) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-02 | 华为技术有限公司 | 视频编码方法及装置 |
CN109510985A (zh) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-22 | 西安科锐盛创新科技有限公司 | 视频编码方法及其装置 |
CN109510985B (zh) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-01-15 | 杭州联海网络科技有限公司 | 视频编码方法及其装置 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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MXPA05005593A (es) | 2005-07-26 |
KR20050084994A (ko) | 2005-08-29 |
WO2004049581A2 (en) | 2004-06-10 |
JP2010213297A (ja) | 2010-09-24 |
IL168564A (en) | 2010-11-30 |
WO2004049581A3 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
JP2006508590A (ja) | 2006-03-09 |
US20040103216A1 (en) | 2004-05-27 |
CN1717675B (zh) | 2010-04-28 |
EP1565993A2 (en) | 2005-08-24 |
US7720999B2 (en) | 2010-05-18 |
BR0316555A (pt) | 2005-10-04 |
AU2003298778A1 (en) | 2004-06-18 |
EP1565993A4 (en) | 2010-01-20 |
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