CN1550293A - 燃烧工具的燃料含量显示器 - Google Patents

燃烧工具的燃料含量显示器 Download PDF

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CN1550293A
CN1550293A CNA2004100372778A CN200410037277A CN1550293A CN 1550293 A CN1550293 A CN 1550293A CN A2004100372778 A CNA2004100372778 A CN A2004100372778A CN 200410037277 A CN200410037277 A CN 200410037277A CN 1550293 A CN1550293 A CN 1550293A
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CN100348369C (zh
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克里斯特
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保罗A·里科特
约瑟夫E·费因
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Illinois Tool Works Inc
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25CHAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/08Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Abstract

采用可更换压缩燃料盒的燃烧工具包括可监测和显示燃料盒燃料状态的燃料状态监测系统。该燃料状态监测系统包括一个用于监测燃料盒压力和从燃料盒流出的燃料流量中至少一项的燃料状态监测器,一个与该监测器相连,用于接收监测器检测到的燃料状态数据,将检测到的数据与预置值进行比较,并根据判断确定燃料盒中燃料含量的控制单元,一个与该控制单元相连,根据燃料盒状态提供准确燃料量的计量阀,和一个与控制单元相连,用于提供燃料含量显示的显示器。监测和显示燃烧工具燃料盒状态的方法包括提供一系列燃料盒状态预置值,监测燃料盒状态,获取燃料盒状态数据,将监测到的数据与预置值进行比较,确定是否还有足够的燃料并提供信号至显示器。

Description

燃烧工具的燃料含量显示器
技术领域
本发明涉及对诸如应用于将紧固件驱入工件中这类的燃烧工具的改进。更具体说,本发明涉及利用可更换燃料盒,也称为燃料罐的这类燃烧工具。正如在Nikolich的美国专利4,403,722,4,483,474,4,522,162和5,115,944(均被列为参考文献)中所例证的,在燃气动力工具,例如,以燃气为动力紧固件驱动工具使用可配送压缩碳氢化合物燃料的可处置燃烧盒是公知的。这类紧固件驱动工具和这类燃料盒在美国可从Vernon Hill,Illinois的ITW-Paslode(Illinois Tool Works公司的一个分部)购得,其商标为IMPULSE,在欧洲则可从法国Bourg-les-Valence的ITW SPIT(Illinois Tool Works公司的另一个分部)购得。
背景技术
利用这种压缩燃料盒的传统燃烧工具的一个缺点是,当工具工作时,盒内的燃料会逐渐耗尽。随着这种情况的发生,燃料盒的内部压力会不断下降直至燃料耗尽,或至少是所剩燃料不足以继续维持驱动紧固件的燃烧过程。就目前情况,当工具无法继续起动时,使用者通常将燃料盒从工具中取出,以判断是否是因为燃料盒已耗尽所致。这种作法的缺点是工具不能起动常常与燃料盒无关,换句话说常常丢弃了还可以继续使用的燃料盒。
燃烧动力工具中使用燃料盒的另一个因素是环境温度的变化会影响燃料盒的内部压力。当温度降低时,燃烧需要更多的燃料。反之,温度升高则所需燃料减少,因此可延长燃料盒的寿命。但是,传统工具的构造是,燃料计量阀向工具燃烧室喷出的燃料与燃料盒中的燃料量和作业环境状态无关。
因此,需要一种能提供燃料盒内燃料量显示的改进型燃烧工具。此外,需要一种改进的燃烧工具,其中,输送至工具燃料计量阀的燃料量可随燃料盒中的剩余燃料量和诸如温度之类的环境条件而变。
发明内容
用于燃烧工具的本发明的燃料状态监测系统可满足或超过前面所述各种要求。该系统通过监测燃料盒和工具之间的燃料压力和燃料流量中的至少一项来判断燃料盒中的燃料含量。检测到的燃料状态数据与预置值进行比较,以确定燃料盒中的剩余燃料量。在达到燃料含量的确定值时,显示器会提醒使用者注意燃料盒中的剩余燃料量。如需要,用来作出判断的控制单元还可以根据燃料盒含量来控制燃料计量阀的工作。也可以配备一个选定的温度传感器,以监测燃料盒的温度和为控制单元提供温度信息,以便根据温度信息来调整计量阀的工作。
更具体说,采用可更换压缩燃料盒的燃烧工具包括可用来监测燃料盒内的燃料状态和为使用者显示监测到的状态的燃料状态监测系统。该燃料状态监测系统包括一个可用于至少监测燃料盒压力和从燃料盒中流出的燃料流量中之一的燃料状态监测器,一个与监测器相连并用来接收监测器检测到的燃料状态数据从而将监测到的数据与预置值做比较并根据判断确定燃料盒内燃料含量的控制单元,和一个与控制单元相连并为使用者提供燃料盒内燃料含量显示的显示器。
在另一实施例中,监测并显示燃烧工具中燃料盒状态的方法包括提供一系列预置的燃料盒状态值,监测燃料盒状态和获取燃料盒的当前状态数据,将监测到的燃料盒状态数据与预置值做比较,从而确定燃料盒中的燃料量和为显示燃料盒中燃料量的显示器提供信号。
附图说明
图1是适合于与本燃料盒状态监测系统一起使用的燃烧工具的透视图;
图2是本燃料盒状态监测系统各组成件的相对布置和连接示意图;
图3是本显示器的示意图;
图4是图2监测系统的逻辑方框图。
具体实施方式
现在参见图1,适合于与本发明一起使用的以燃烧为动力的工具类型总体用10表示。工具10包括装有燃料计量阀12的外罩11和可拆卸地装有燃料盒14的燃料盒室13。如本领域内所公知,来自燃料盒14的燃料由阀12输送至燃烧室16(图中未示出)。工具10的结构和运行在前面提到并引用为参考资料的诸专利中有详细说明。虽然所述的为装修型工具,但预期本发明可与使用燃料盒,例如燃料盒14的任何类型的燃烧工具一起使用,这种盒最好是可更换和可处置的。
现在参见图2,适合于与工具10一起使用的燃料状态监测系统总体用30表示,它构造成可监测燃料盒14中的燃料状态和为使用者显示所监测到的状态。在本应用中,燃料的状态一般说与燃料盒14中的剩余燃料量或液位有关。燃料量或液位通常通过监测从盒中喷出的燃料的压力或从燃料盒14喷射至燃烧室16的燃料流量来确定。前面已经说明,当燃料含量降低时,压力和/或燃料流量也将降低。
燃料状态监测器32是本燃料监测系统30的主要特征。如前所述,燃料状态监测器32可以构造成监测燃料压力或燃料流量。但可以预期,本系统30也可监测燃料盒14中的燃料的其他可监测参数。具体地说,当燃料计量阀12发射出燃烧室16内燃烧过程中所需的一燃料脉冲时,就会测量到压力脉冲或流量脉冲。
本领域中公知,工具10每驱动一个紧固件都需要一次这种过程。因此,燃料状态监测器32位于燃料计量阀12的下游,并与在阀12和燃烧室16之间穿过的燃料管线34相连或者说与燃料相通,这在本领域中是公知的。在本优选实施例中,燃料状态监测器32用具有将T形接头连接至监测器的一短段管线38的“T”形接头36连接至燃料管线34,但也可以用其他形式的连接件,包括直接头和斜角接头。预期监测器32可以监测燃料压力或燃料流量。二种监测类型将在下面分别予以讨论,并首先讨论压力监测。当监测的是燃料压力时,基本概念是燃料压力是留在燃料盒14中的燃料总量的标志。随着燃料含量在工具使用期间的逐步下降,压力也将相应降低。
在本优选实施例中,作为监测器32的压力传感器是市场上可购得的将模拟信号传送给控制单元的型式。有很多制造厂生产这种传感器,由Motorola公司,Schaumburg,Illinois生产的MPX4250A型号集成硅压力传感器是一种适用的型号。检测压力时,监测器32将发出有代表性的电压信号。压力越高,电压值越大。
当阀12开启时,燃料状态监测器32检测到一个压力脉冲。这个压力脉冲与燃料计量阀12和燃烧室16之间的通道的流动阻力有关,也与阀中的燃料压力有关。阀12中的压力是由燃料盒14产生的,因此,它直接指示燃料盒14中的燃料压力。
燃料盒14的压力与燃料盒14的充满度有关,还与盒的温度有关。通过设计,燃料盒14的制造厂掌握了燃料盒实际上已经用完并剩下只能维持有限次燃烧过程的燃料时的燃料盒压力。在此情况下,工具可能只能再起动10-25次,具体次数取决于工具的消耗量和温度。但是,根据燃料盒14的尺寸/容积,相应的工具技术规格,和温度,这个值可能有变化。例如,一种适合于与本系统30一起使用的工具10的设计者采用将0.6V的电压与实际上已用完的燃料盒阈值相联系。这样,为提醒使用者燃料盒14必须很快更换,系统30应设置在0.6伏阈值处提示使用者这个状态。监测到的压力脉冲将与这个预置值进行比较,或者,有时会提供用对应于给定温度下燃烧盒不同含量或燃料罐充满度的已知值编制的表格,以确定燃料罐的实际充满度。继续上述示例,5伏可表示盒或罐是满的,2.5伏表示半满,1.0伏表示几乎用完,0.6伏表示实际上已耗尽的盒。
充满度表也可以包含压力随温度的变化。对诸如“充满”,“部分充满”或“已耗尽”之类的基本读数而言,监测器32给出的压力读数通常已经足够,因为温度已经包含在压力中。如果需要更精确的读数,则可以在燃料盒14的附近配置一个用来测量燃料盒温度的可选择的温度传感器40。
如上所述,假定燃料状态监测器32是压力传感器,则该传感器通常构造成可输出正比于被检测压力值的电压。这个电压,以及由温度传感器40发出的任何信号被送至控制单元,最好是微处理器/微控制器42。微控制器42最好是已经布置在工具10中,执行其他控制和/或排序任务的,但也可以考虑为本系统30配置专用的微控制器。微控制器的这些功能究竟是由原本存在的控制器兼顾还是由独立的单元来完成,则取决于具体的应用。
微控制器42设置有若干预置电平(在上面的示例中为5.0伏,2.5伏,1.0伏和0.6伏)并将模拟信号转变为数字值(应该理解,这些电压预置值仅为示例之用,并可为适合具体应用而更改)。这些值有指定的数字标志,例如5.0伏=255,2.5伏=128,1.0伏=50和0.6伏=30。由于系统30的主要目标是为工具10的使用者提供燃料盒14是否需要更换的指示,所以“实际已耗尽”的基本阈值可能是使用者所需要的全部信息。因此,预期通过对每一种类型工具10和每一种燃料盒14的试验和误差处理会导出一组阈值。
作为示例,假定燃料盒14已经“实际耗尽”和监视器32提供了0.5伏的信号。因为它低于阈值,所以微控制器42将检测到小于30的数字并发送信号至用来显示残留在盒中的燃料总量的显示器44。在本优选实施例中,显示器44可显示出对应于燃料盒14中燃料含量的一系列指示。虽然在本优选实施例中的显示器44一般是可视显示,但也可以考虑将显示器构造成能为使用者提供燃料盒状态的视觉或声响提示之中的至少一种,这类显示器包括,但不限于,这类工具的熟练设计者所公知的发光二极管(LED)。
现在参见图3,显示器44构造成可通过,例如,沿度盘48点燃的LED46的数目指示燃料盒14中的燃料含量或在50处提示盒是否需要更换中的至少一项内容。对于后一种情况,可以采用一个双色(红/绿)LED52,燃料充足时它是绿色。一旦到达“实际已耗尽”的阈值,LED52将变成红色。如图中所示,外罩11也可配置能辨别双色LED52的构造54。指示器44最好可透过工具10的外罩11观看。当然,也可考虑将显示器44安排在外罩上对使用者方便和易读的任何地方。
如果燃料状态显示器32是构造成可检测燃料流量的,则与监测器32测量压力的情况一样,通常将它安排在燃料计量阀12和燃烧室16之间的燃料管线34中。但是,也可考虑将测量燃料流量的监测器不用管线段38而直接安排在管线34中。如本领域所公知,这类流量监测器包括,但不限于,压力开关,闭合或断开光学开关的机构杠杆,和诸如利用LED光源和光电晶体管器件的光电器件。在本应用中,燃料流量是指在燃料管线34中有足以触发监测器32的燃料流量。
构造成用来监测燃料盒14和工具10之间,具体说,在计量阀12和燃烧室16之间的燃料流量的燃料状态监测器32将代表性的电压信号发送至微控制器42。随后,微控制器42将检测到的信号与预置电压进行比较。对于压力传感检测型监测器32来说,与燃料流量相关的具体电压值可为适应燃料盒14的容量,工具10的技术规格和外界温度的应用而改变。如前所述,这种预置值将编置成表格。如果检测到的值低于预置值,微控制器42将给显示器44发送信号。于是,使用者会收到燃料盒14中燃料含量的可视(闪烁或稳定)和/或音响提示。
现在参见图4,图中给出本系统30的逻辑图。如前面所述,微控制器42最好是在工具10中已为协调燃烧而使用的,这在前面已提到的一些本领域专利中是公知的。当使用者开始启动程序时,其中的一件事情是微控制器42用信号通知燃料计量阀12将燃料脉冲注入燃料管线34,并在T=0处起动内设时钟,图中用框58表示。在此情况下,计量阀12的开启时间足以射出所需的燃料量。
如框60所示,微控制器42读取并存储传感器值,即图中所示压力或燃料流量。随后,在框62处,检测到的值与预置值或表格比较,并通过分析检测到的值是大于还是小于预置值来计算出燃料盒或燃料罐的充满程度。在配置有可选的温度检测器件40的应用中,在框64处,测量盒温度并将该温度发送至微控制器42,以便根据温度对压力的影响来计算充满程度。
与此同时,计量阀12被激励并保持开启。如菱形框68处所示,只要T小于阀门开启时间(VOC),阀12就保持开启。这个VOT是从燃料盒14中射出准确数量的燃料至燃烧室16所需的时间。在方框70处,一旦T=VOT,阀12就关闭了。当充满度值在框66处发送到显示器44和阀门钟提示阀12应关闭后,整个程序在72处结束。
如图2中虚线74所示,微控制器42还可用来保持阀12开启较长的或较短的时间,该时间的长短由编制在微控制器42中的表格确定。在图4中,阀的定时修改用虚线框76表示。VOT可根据由压力传感器或流量传感器检测到的燃料盒状态而改变。当燃料盒状态因燃料盒的充满程度而改变时,可以调整VOT以提供正确的燃料量。燃料监控器32和微控制器42可在不使用温度传感器件40的情况下控制燃料计量阀12的工作,因为由压力传感器或流量传感器所检测到的燃料盒状态已经是燃料盒温度的函数了。然而,在存在温度传感器件40的情况下,VOT的调整和燃料盒的充满程度会因为温度已知而更为精确。
于是,可以看到,本系统30为使用者提供了一种很容易监测燃料盒中燃料量状态的方法。这样,可以更容易地诊断工具的故障,因为在燃料盒的燃料含量不是造成故障的情况下,不再会在检查燃料盒的燃料含量上浪费时间。此外,使用者也不再会因错误地认为燃料盒已耗尽而被迫丢弃还可使用的燃料盒。此外,由于使用者可准确知道何时需要更换燃料盒,所以紧固件驱动生产率也会更为有效。
虽然图中给出的和文中描述的是本燃料盒含量监测和显示系统的若干具体实施例,但本领域的技术人员均会理解,在不离开本发明更广泛的方面和下面权利要求书中所列出的要求的情况下可对它做一些变更和修改。

Claims (20)

1、采用可更换压缩燃料盒的燃烧工具,包括:
用来监测所述燃料盒中的燃料状态和为使用者显示监测到的状态的燃料状态监测系统。
2、如权利要求1的工具还包括一个燃烧室,其中,所述燃料状态监测系统包括构造和布置成可监测所述燃料盒和所述燃烧室之间的所述燃料盒状态的燃料状态监测器。
3、如权利要求1的工具,其中,所述燃料状态监测系统包括构造成可监测所述燃料盒内的燃料压力的压力监测器。
4、如权利要求1的工具,其中,所述燃料状态监测系统包括构造成可监测所述燃料盒和所述工具之间的燃料流量的燃料流量监测器。
5、如权利要求4的工具,其中,所述燃料流量监测器取自包括压力开关,机械致动的光学开关和诸如LED光源和光电晶体管接收器的光电器件所构成的集合。
6、如权利要求3的工具还包括一个燃料盒计量阀和一个燃烧室,其中,所述燃料状态监测器构造和布置成可监测所述阀和所述燃烧室之间的燃料盒的状态。
7、如权利要求4的工具还包括一个燃料盒计量阀和一个燃烧室,其中,所述燃料状态监测器构造和布置成可监测所述阀和所述燃烧室之间的燃料盒的状态。
8、如权利要求1的工具还包括一个燃料状态监测器,一个与所述燃料状态监测器相连的控制单元,和一个与所述控制单元相连,用来为使用者提供所述燃料盒状态的显示器。
9、如权利要求8的工具,其中,所述显示器构造成可提示还有仅够有限次燃烧过程所需的燃料。
10、如权利要求1的工具还包括一个燃料状态监测器和一个控制单元,其中,所述燃料状态监测器和所述控制单元与工具的燃料计量阀相连,所述燃料状态监测系统构造成可按监测到的燃料状态来控制阀的工作。
11、如权利要求10的工具还包括一个与所述燃料盒可操作相连,用来监测燃料盒温度的温度传感器件,所述温度传感器件与所述控制单元相连,为所述控制单元提供信号,以便按所述燃料盒的燃料状态来影响所述阀的工作。
12、如权利要求10的工具还包括与所述控制单元相连,以显示监测到的燃料盒状态的显示器。
13、如权利要求10的工具,其中,所述控制单元构造成可将检测到的燃料状态数据与预置值进行比较并提供与预置值偏离程度的视觉显示。
14、用来监测燃烧工具的燃料盒中燃料状态和将所监测到的状态显示给使用者的燃料状态监测系统,所述系统包括:
用来监测燃料盒压力和从所述燃料盒流出的燃料流量中至少一项的燃料状态监测器;
与所述监测器相连,用来接收所述监测器检测到的燃料状态数据,将所述检测到的数据与预置值比较并根据所述判断确定所述燃料盒中的燃料含量的控制单元;
与所述控制单元相连,为使用者提供所述燃料盒中所述燃料含量的显示的显示器。
15、如权利要求14的系统,其中,工具包括一个燃料计量阀并且所述控制单元是和所述燃料计量阀相连的,该系统还包括一个构造成可检测所述燃料盒的温度和将检测到的温度数据提供给所述控制单元以相应调整所述阀的温度传感器。
16、监测和显示燃烧工具中燃料盒的燃料盒状态的方法,包括:
提供一组燃料盒状态的预置值;
监测燃料盒状态和获取当前燃料盒状态数据;
将所述检测到的燃料盒状态数据与所述预置值进行比较;
确定所述燃料盒中的燃料量;
为显示器提供信号,以显示燃料盒中的燃料量。
17、如权利要求16的方法,其中,所述工具包括一个燃料计量阀,而所述方法还包括:
按所确定的所述燃料盒中的燃料量控制计量阀的工作。
18、如权利要求16的方法还包括:
提供与所述燃料盒相关的温度传感器;
监测所述燃料盒的温度;
在所述监测到的燃料盒状态数据和所述预置值的所述过程中提供温度数据;
确定所述燃料盒中的燃料量与温度的关系;
根据所述判断调节所述工具中的燃料计量阀。
19、如权利要求16的方法,其中,所述监测包括读取所述燃料盒中的液压值。
20、如权利要求16的方法,其中,所述监测包括读取与所述燃料盒相连的燃料计量阀和燃烧室之间的液流的燃料流量值。
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