CN1457194A - 显示板上荧光体时滞现象的减少 - Google Patents

显示板上荧光体时滞现象的减少 Download PDF

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CN1457194A
CN1457194A CN03130690A CN03130690A CN1457194A CN 1457194 A CN1457194 A CN 1457194A CN 03130690 A CN03130690 A CN 03130690A CN 03130690 A CN03130690 A CN 03130690A CN 1457194 A CN1457194 A CN 1457194A
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CN100534162C (zh
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塞德里克·泰博
塞巴斯蒂安·魏特布吕克
赫伯特·赫尔茨曼
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Thomson Licensing SAS
International Digital Madison Patent Holding SAS
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    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/291Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels controlling the gas discharge to control a cell condition, e.g. by means of specific pulse shapes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2003Display of colours
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/296Driving circuits for producing the waveforms applied to the driving electrodes
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    • G09G2320/0242Compensation of deficiencies in the appearance of colours
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    • G09G2320/0261Improving the quality of display appearance in the context of movement of objects on the screen or movement of the observer relative to the screen
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    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G09G3/204Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames the sub-frames being organized in consecutive sub-frame groups
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels

Abstract

由于荧光体时滞效应由绿色和红色荧光体的迟钝产生,而且由于不可能使这些荧光体更快,为了减少彩色尾迹效应,必须使蓝色荧光体慢一些。因此,人工延迟部分蓝色分量。在实际帧期间只发射实际帧的蓝色分量的特定百分比,而将在下一帧期间发射蓝色分量的剩余部分。可以通过子场移位补偿由此视频处理引入的动态假轮廓效应。

Description

显示板上荧光体时滞现象的减少
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于处理在显示设备上显示的视频图像的方法,所述显示设备至少包括具有第一时间响应的第一类发光元件和具有第二时间响应的第二类发光元件,第二时间响应比用于一帧以预定能量驱动第一类发光元件得到的第一时间响应慢。此外,本发明涉及用于处理视频图像的对应设备。
背景技术
由于旧标准电视技术(CRT)已经几乎到达它的极限,一些新型显示板(LCD、PDP…)遇到了来自制造商越来越大的兴趣。实际上,这些技术现在使获得具有有限深度的平面彩色板成为可能。
参照欧洲电视的最新一代,已经做了很多工作来提升它的图像质量。因此,新科技必须提供与标准电视技术相当或更好的图像质量。一方面,这些新技术给出了有吸引力的厚度的平面显示屏的可能性,但另一方面,它们产生能够降低图像质量的新型的人工现象。这些人工现象中的大多数对电视图像来说是不同的以及更为明显,因为人们已经习惯于无意识地看到旧电视人工现象。
这些现象中的一个是由于在板中使用的三种颜色的不同响应时间引起的。这种不同产生了在主要为黑色背景上移动的明亮物体(或相反)后面或前面的彩色的尾迹。在等离子体显示板(PDP)的情况下,这种现象被认为是“荧光体时滞”。
图1示出以降速变换在自然场景上这种荧光体时滞效应的模拟。在骑手的裤子上边缘可以看见绿色的尾迹。
取等离子板的情况作为示例,在等离子体板上,因为荧光体化学上的不同,三种荧光体不具有相同的特性。此外寿命和亮度也根据行为一致性的费用而不同。
绿色荧光体G是最慢的,蓝色荧光体B是最快的,而红色荧光体R通常在中间。正如从图2中可以看到的那样,这样在运动的白色物体后面,存在黄绿色尾迹(图2的“显示图像”的白色块的右手侧),在前面是蓝色区域(图2的“显示图像”的白色块的左手侧)。
将来,新型化学荧光体粉末的发展通过使绿色和红色荧光体更快可以避免这样的问题。然而,今天不可能只通过信号处理来完全抑制这种效应,但是可以使其减少对用户的干扰。最麻烦的不是尾迹而是它的颜色。
一种已知的解决方案是当在时域上修正蓝色分量时补偿有颜色的尾迹来缩短尾迹的长度。
另外一种解决方案是在彩色尾迹上加上互补的尾迹来褪去颜色。
这两种解决方案与在本文件中展示的解决方案一样需要运动估计。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于改进和简化显示设备上的运动物体的彩色尾迹的减少的方法和设备。
根据本发明,借助于通过为一帧以预定能量驱动所述第一类发光元件、而且在一个帧周期中用所述预定能量的第一部分而在接下来的帧周期中用所述预定能量的第二部分来驱动所述第一类发光元件的、用于处理在显示设备上显示的视频图像的方法解决此目的,所述显示设备至少包括具有第一时间响应的第一类发光元件和具有比第一时间响应慢的第二时间响应的第二类发光元件。
此外,通过用于处理在显示设备上显示的视频图像的设备解决上述目的,所述显示设备至少包括具有第一时间响应的第一类发光元件和具有比第一时间响应慢的第二时间响应的第二类发光元件,以及通过用于为了一帧以预定能量驱动所述第一类发光元件的驱动装置来解决上述目的,其中所述驱动装置能够在一个帧周期中以所述预定能量的第一部分而在接下来的帧周期中以所述能量的第二部分来驱动所述第一类发光元件。
在附属权利要求中定义了本发明的设备和方法的进一步有利的发展。特别地,可以在一个帧周期和接下来的帧周期中以这样的能量数量来驱动如蓝色元件等的第一类的发光元件,使得第一类的发光元件发射能量的时间分布对应于第二类的发光元件(如红色或绿色元件)的时间响应。
因为荧光体时滞是由于绿色和红色荧光体的迟钝引起的,而且因为不可能使这些荧光体更快,不得不使蓝色分量慢一些。
可以按照能量来解释荧光体时滞现象:部分绿色和红色分量的能量在这个帧期间没有被发射,而在下一帧期间被发射。可以假设有一定百分比的被传输给下一帧的绿色和红色能量。所以使蓝色荧光体与其他的荧光体一样慢的基本思想是对蓝色分量做同样的事情:在实际帧期间,将只发射特定百分比的实际帧的蓝色分量,而在下一帧期间,将发射蓝色分量的剩余部分。
由于这种人工的延迟蓝色分量是以数字方式(子场编码)而不是以像真正的荧光体时滞效应(对于红和绿)那样的模拟方式实现的,将出现一些人工现象。在等离子体领域这些现象是为大家所熟知的“假轮廓效应”,而且为了获得蓝色与其他颜色相似的行为(对于人眼来说),可以通过子场移位来补偿。
附图说明
在附图中描述了本发明的典型实施例,而且在接下来的描述中将更详细地进行解释。在图中:
图1示出荧光体时滞效应的示例;
图2示出具有在物体后面的黄绿色尾迹和在物体前面的蓝色区域的运动物体;
图3示出红色、绿色和蓝色荧光体元件的时间响应;
图4示出用于处理视频信号的方框图;
图5示出按照产生动态假轮廓效应的图4的处理进行修正;
图6示出用于解释荧光体时滞效应的理论图;
图7示出用于解释荧光体时滞效应的褪色尾迹的理论图;
图8示出没有补偿的图像和具有补偿的图像;以及
图9示出用于处理视频图像的发明设备的方框图。
具体实施方式
如上所述,荧光体时滞问题主要出现在运动物体的高度饱和边上,特别在亮到暗过渡处或相反。在PDP的情况下,结果是一种在每个亮到暗过渡后面的带黄色的尾迹和在前面的蓝色区域。这是在荧光体的时间响应中的不同结果。本发明的思想是通过抑制尾迹的不自然的颜色来减少这种现象对用户的打扰。如图3所示,由于不可能只通过信号处理使绿色荧光体G(最慢的)更快,不得不使红色荧光体R和蓝色荧光体G慢一些。
如上所述,可以按照能量来解释荧光体时滞:部分绿色和红色分量的能量在这个帧期间没有被发射,而在下一帧期间被发射。可以假设在下一帧上发射的绿色G(红色R)的特定百分比为α(β)。α高于β因为绿色荧光体比红色荧光体滞后更多。思想是为蓝色分量做同样的事情。所以在实际帧期间,只发射实际帧的蓝色分量的大概百分之(100-α)(只发射红色分量的大概百分之(100-α+β)来完全褪去尾迹的颜色)。而在下一帧期间,发射实际帧的蓝色分量的百分之α(如前所述,为了完全褪去尾迹的颜色,可以也发射百分之(α-β)的实际帧的红色分量)。由于只影响视频数值,可以在视频电平上进行这些修正。
如图4所示,必须使用一个和两个如blue_lag和red_lag等单色图像(取决与红色是否产生时滞)来存储时滞图像(上一帧n-1的蓝色分量的百分之α和上一帧n-1的红色分量的百分之(α-β))。
对每一帧n,在原始蓝色(红色)图像的百分之(100-α)(百分之(100-α+β))上加上从前一帧n-1获得的蓝色时滞图像,blue_lag,(红色时滞图像,red_lag)。合成的图像是将要在等离子体显示器上显示的图像。然后,在时滞图像blue_lag(red_lag)中存储原始蓝色(红色)图像的百分之α(百分之(α-β))。
采用前面提到的在黑色背景上的每帧5象素移位的白色框(比较图6)作为示例。当接通象素电源时,图像的白色象素在原始视频信号中具有相同的数值,但是为了在屏幕上也具有相同的视频电平(获得理想的白色),必须向板发送下面的数值:
255×(1-(α-β)/100)给红色
255给绿色
255×(1-α/100)给蓝色;
当象素已经点亮时,白色象素取新数值:
255×(1-(α-β)/100)+255×(α-β)/100=255给红色
255给绿色
255×(1-α/100)+255×α/100=255给蓝色;
最后,当切断象素电源时,表面上的白色象素的数值是:
255×(α-β)/100给红色
0给绿色
255×α/100给蓝色。
根据图5中的第一帧,所有黑色象素是真正的黑色(0给三个分量)。在图5的第二帧中,示出从时滞图像的减法得到的带黄色的方块。在第三帧中,在中央的白色方框从当前图像和第二帧的时滞图像得到。由于方块在运动,它具有在左侧的带黄色的前边缘和在右侧的带暗蓝色的边缘。在第四帧中,有要显示的黑色图像,但是显示了得到带蓝色的方块的存储的时滞图像。眼睛将看到图5的底部图像,即,具有以带黄色的部分开始并以带蓝色的部分结束的彩色尾迹的白色方块。
用图6解释了人眼的特性。问题是眼睛不直接看到视频电平,而是跟随着运动并积分(integrate)沿着图6的积分线通过帧的子场SF的光。因此,在这种情况下,眼睛察觉到亮度的缺失,所以眼睛看到由于荧光体时滞引起的尾迹为在帧的明亮和黑暗部分过渡处的蓝色区域。
实际上,问题是通过数字装置(子场编码)而不是以像真实的荧光体时滞(红和绿)那样的模拟方式来实现用于时滞图像的人工剩余蓝色分量,所以出现了PDP的典型人工现象。在等离子体领域,此现象是为大家所熟知的“假轮廓效应”。
正如在专利申请PD980054中提出的那样,通过利用子场移位可以减少这种现象。图7示出在前一示例上应用子场移位的结果。
正如所看到的那样,只在眼睛将察觉亮度缺失的过渡处,即,沿着中间积分线增加蓝色。
由于此处理,对人眼来说蓝色的特性与绿色和红色荧光体的时滞是等价的。
所以用此处理,对于眼睛蓝色分量的特性与绿色和红色分量的特性是相同的。
图8描述了在白色物体在黑色背景上移动的情况下这种算法的实现。所显示的没有补偿的图像示出彩色的尾迹,而所显示的具有补偿的图像示出灰色的尾迹。位于运动物体后面和前面的荧光体尾迹就长度而言没有改变,但是它不自然的彩色部分消失了,即,褪去了尾迹的颜色。用这样的处理,对于用户的眼睛运动的物体看起来更自然些。
子场移位主要用于补偿动态假轮廓效应,而且同样用于提高清晰度。所以,如果已经使用了子场移位,只需增加视频处理。
在图9中示出算法方框图。与在已知的应用中一样,向帧存储器1和运动估计器2输入红色、绿色和蓝色信号R、G、B。运动估计器2也接收帧存储器1的输出信号。此外,输入信号R、G、B被用于子场编码3。为此,它们必须经过伽马函数4和随后的有创造性的荧光体时滞补偿5。为了提供分别的时滞图像,帧存储器6与荧光体时滞补偿单元5相连接。把荧光体时滞补偿单元5的输出输入给子场编码单元3。子场移位单元7从运动估计器2和子场编码单元3得到的信号中形成输出信号。
总之,上述发明具有以下优势:
—它褪去了由于荧光体时滞现象、以及更普遍地由于在矩阵板中采用的三种颜色的不同时间响应引起的尾迹的颜色。
—非常简单的实现是可能的。
—它是非常灵活的,因为可以使它适应于任意类型的荧光体或板,绿色和红色时滞的百分比完全是可变的。
此外,本发明可应用于基于表现出用于三种颜色的不同时间响应并采用类似方式的灰度级再现(脉冲宽度调制)的所有矩阵显示器。特别地,可应用于PDP、LCOS等。

Claims (15)

1、一种通过为一帧以预定能量驱动所述第一类发光元件的、用于处理在显示设备上显示的视频图像的方法,所述显示设备至少包括具有第一时间响应的第一类发光元件和具有比第一时间响应慢的第二时间响应的第二类发光元件,,其特征为
在一个帧周期中用所述预定能量的第一部分而在接下来的帧周期中用所述预定能量的第二部分来驱动所述第一类发光元件。
2、按照权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于第一和第二部分的和对应于总的预定能量。
3、按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于在所述一个帧周期以预定能量的相同数量驱动所述第二类发光元件,使得在所述一个帧周期中从所述第一和第二类发光元件发射相同的能量。
4、按照权利要求1到3之一所述的方法,其特征在于显示设备还包括具有比第二时间响应慢的第三时间响应的第三类发光元件。
5、按照权利要求1到4之一所述的方法,其特征在于显示设备包括等离子体显示板。
6、按照权利要求4或5所述的方法,其特征在于第一类发光元件包括蓝色荧光体元件,第二类红色荧光体元件,以及第三类绿色荧光体元件。
7、按照权利要求1到6之一所述的方法,其特征在于事先确定在所述预定能量的第一和第二部分之间的因数,并使用所述因数用于为每个所述第一类发光元件计算驱动能量。
8、按照权利要求1到7之一所述的方法,其特征在于包括在帧存储器(6)中为一帧的全部所述第一类发光元件至少存储用于在后面的帧周期中显示的预定能量的第二部分的步骤。
9、一种用于处理在显示设备上显示的视频图像的设备,所述显示设备至少包括具有第一时间响应的第一类发光元件和具有比第一时间响应慢的第二时间响应的第二类发光元件,以及
一种用于为了一帧以预定能量驱动所述第一类发光元件的驱动装置,其特征在于
所述驱动装置能够在一个帧周期中以所述预定能量的第一部分而在接下来的帧周期中以所述能量的第二部分来驱动所述第一类发光元件。
10、按照权利要求9所述的设备,其特征在于预定能量的第一和第二部分的和对应于总预定能量。
11、按照权利要求9或10所述的设备,其特征在于包括控制装置(3到6),用于在所述一个帧周期以预定能量的相同数量驱动所述第二类发光元件,使得在所述一个帧周期中从所述第一和第二类发光元件发射相同的能量。
12、按照权利要求9到11之一所述的设备,其特征在于所述显示设备还包括具有比所述第二时间响应慢的第三时间响应的第三类发光元件。
13、按照权利要求9到12之一所述的设备,其特征在于所述显示设备包括等离子体显示板。
14、按照权利要求12或13所述的设备,其特征在于所述第一类发光元件包括蓝色荧光体元件,所述第二类包括红色荧光体元件,以及第三类包括绿色荧光体元件。
15、按照权利要求9到14之一所述的设备,其特征在于还包括帧存储器(6),用于为一帧的全部所述第一类发光元件至少存储用于在后面的帧周期中显示的预定能量的第二部分。
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