CN1337653A - 电子识别标签 - Google Patents

电子识别标签 Download PDF

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CN1337653A
CN1337653A CN00121206A CN00121206A CN1337653A CN 1337653 A CN1337653 A CN 1337653A CN 00121206 A CN00121206 A CN 00121206A CN 00121206 A CN00121206 A CN 00121206A CN 1337653 A CN1337653 A CN 1337653A
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label
luggage
transponder
passenger
coil
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CN1217294C (zh
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卢卡斯·阿尔斯特伦
拉尔斯-约兰·约翰松
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Taimusitanpu Co., Ltd.
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KONPHIDERS INTELRNATIONAL CO Ltd
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Priority to US08/991,144 priority Critical patent/US6222452B1/en
Priority to CA002315343A priority patent/CA2315343A1/en
Priority to EP00306643A priority patent/EP1178432A1/en
Priority to JP2000236871A priority patent/JP2002053204A/ja
Priority to CN001212060A priority patent/CN1217294C/zh
Application filed by KONPHIDERS INTELRNATIONAL CO Ltd filed Critical KONPHIDERS INTELRNATIONAL CO Ltd
Priority to SG200004377A priority patent/SG106584A1/en
Priority claimed from AU51900/00A external-priority patent/AU784875B2/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428—Tag details
    • G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
    • G08B13/244—Tag manufacturing, e.g. continuous manufacturing processes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07758—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for adhering the record carrier to further objects or living beings, functioning as an identification tag
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
    • G08B13/2414—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
    • G08B13/2414—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
    • G08B13/2417—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags having a radio frequency identification chip
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428—Tag details
    • G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
    • G08B13/2445—Tag integrated into item to be protected, e.g. source tagging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2451—Specific applications combined with EAS
    • G08B13/2462—Asset location systems combined with EAS

Abstract

一种电子识别标签,它由至少一个覆盖条和带有天线和安装在天线上的转发器的承载条组成,还含有将覆盖条和承载条粘贴在一起的装置,其中天线从它们之间伸出,对转发器预先编程,以产生带有不同编码的信号,该信号与标签上的记号对应,以识别旅客或行李。该标签还赋予其在运输设备上跟踪行李和旅客的新方法。

Description

电子识别标签
本发明涉及一种电子识别标签，尤其涉及一种非常薄并可用于行李上的电子识别标签。
传统的行李标识系统具有结构简单的缺点。安检人员需要手工检查打印的悬挂标签，浪费了很多时间。即使是光学条形码标识系统也需要机场或安检人员处理每一件行李上的标签，以使条形码标签以适当的方位经过光学读取器。结果，在旅客行程中只能对各个行李扫描一次。
用于行李上的转发器装置存在有一个或多个缺点，主要表现为体积大并且花费高。体积大是受接收器电子元件的尺寸影响，并且转发器还常需要配有自带的电源，如电池。另外，体积大的转发器不易于组合使用，如将发射器与传统可视的或多个目前所用的光电识别标签进行物理组合。另外，在生产电子识别标签时也会有很多困难，该识别标签带有可容纳在悬挂纸标签中的功能性天线。
从理论上说，电子识别标签具有充足的发射行程，以使它的信号能够在远距离被接收和处理。许多利用视频发射器的装置大大缩短了其有益射程，由此需要在标签附近，如小于0.30m处有接收“读取器”的人工通道。目前需要一种能够增加接收射程的、便宜的电子识别标签，并且非常薄或非常小，以便与现有可视的和/或光学标签装置成为整体。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种新型的经改进的行李识别标签和在运输设备上跟踪行李的方法，该标签能够在宽射程内扫描得到的行李卡和与行李相配的旅客卡上产生含有不同编码的信号，该标签价格便宜，并能够与现有的标签装置成为整体；而且该标签通用性强，并适于与现有的行李标识系统结合使用，以在运输设备上连续监控行李和旅客的行踪和移动情况；并且由于该标签具有用于产生连续RF信号的长射程的天线和转发器，该信号包含在各自预先编制好的数码中，它能够单独使用，也能够结合其它标签上的标记使用，以便识别旅客的行李和在起点与终点之间的其它相关信息。
本发明为包含有至少一个纸片形状的覆盖条，带有天线线圈和在线圈一端的转发器的承载条，及其将覆盖条粘贴在承载条上的物质，其中天线线圈从覆盖条和承载条之间伸出。该天线和转发器能够产生带有不同编码的信号，该信号与打印信息或其它可视的标记对应，以识别旅客和旅客的行李，及其符合旅客行程的其它显而易见的信息。
在最佳的组成形式中，天线由基片两侧的铜叠层组成，并蚀刻成一对超细的，螺旋缠绕成矩形线的形式，或平分成两半相互连接，并与普通转发器芯片连接的形式，并夹在一对纸片中，以形成整体的标签。多个标签位于连续的纸卷上，每个标签由分离的标签部分构成，一个标签部分粘贴在行李卡上，其它的部分发给旅客。
在本发明的方法中，通过在每个旅客行李卡上粘贴第一标签部分，在运输设备上可以跟踪行李，将第二标签部分发给每位旅客，该第二标签部分包含打印的信息或其它与第一标签部分上转发器的不同数码对应的标记，在行程点之间监控行李的行踪。发给旅客的登机证能够产生与第一标签部分的信号相对应的信号，由此每位旅客的行踪也同样得到监控。
以下，结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明：
图1为现有技术中与光学条形码扫描器结合使用的识别标签的平面图；
图2为示出了安装在纸标签条底部的发射部件的最佳实施例透视图；
图3为本发明呈现螺旋构形的天线线圈的发射部件的平面图；
图4为最佳实施例的分解侧视图；
图5为生产多个最佳识别标签的最佳模型的透视图；
图6为与本发明标识卡结合使用的数字处理系统的示意图表。
图1是对现有技术中组件10的描述，该组件为带有5.0-6.0cm宽，断面厚度为1mm的纸条的行李标识和目标跟踪装置。打印出的信息包含可用肉眼读取的普通打印信息12，如飞机编号和目的地，及其由光学扫描器读取的条形码14。该纸条10带有自粘部分以使纸条能够缠绕在行李的操作把手上，并且还能够作为行程表自行粘贴。
图2示出了本发明的识别标签20，它包括永久粘贴在上面的至少一层纸层30，及其RF发射部件40。该发射部件40足够薄并有足够的韧性以固定在类似于标签10的普通纸标签上或固定在其内，并且单个标签20可以具有双重的标识系统，如条形码14和RF发射部件40。如果需要，识别标签20还包括双面胶纸条22，由此整个标签20能够穿过行李的操作把手形成一圈而自行粘贴。
图3和图4示出了本发明中RF发射部件40的主要组件。本发明的主要优点在于提供了超薄型的天线44，它仍然具有足够环成一圈的长度，从而当部件40到达距离感应天线44为1.60m时，会在其中产生工作电流以启动发射部件。最佳的发射部件40包括绝缘载波板42，该天线44包括位于载波板42两侧的两个螺旋形成环的部分45、45’，及其完整电路的转发器芯片48。该转发器芯片48与天线44串联，从而在天线44中感应的电流能够启动芯片48。
该载波板42包含玻璃纤维环氧树脂材料的超薄层。一部分是由于该载波板的厚度，载波板42具有弹性和柔韧性，并具有足够的强度使其具有不易断裂的特性。该载波板42作为绝缘体和部件40的导电元件的后挡板。
尽管在一些申请中具有单个的螺旋形环就足够了，但最佳发射部件40的特征在于天线线圈44包括两个相等的螺旋形“缠绕”部分。图3示出了本发明的天线44的一半45。该天线的另一半45’基本相同，并位于载波板42的相对一侧。为清楚起见，超常地放大了天线44所确定的物理图案。如图3所示，天线44的线圈的一半45大约有12个成直角的螺旋形转数。在最内侧的一圈中，天线线圈44的传导元件在点49处穿透绝缘载波板42，从而每一半45、45’一般从载波板42的中心开始以成直角的螺旋形向载波板42的边缘缠绕。单个线圈的两端50、  51与转发器48的端部电连接，该转发器48永久地固定在载波板42的一侧。如图4所示，一半天线线圈45的一端50位于载波板42的同一侧，以直接连接转发器芯片48，同时另一端51在转发器48附近的点52处穿透载波板以连接转发器48。
天线线圈44的每一半45、45’最好包括远远超过图3所示的12圈转数。最佳的发射部件40具有约400转数的线圈44，线圈44的每一半具有约200圈的转数。每一转数距相邻转数约50pm的绝缘距离，从而天线的导电元件和与其相邻的绝缘空间约距载波板42有0.10mm的横向距离。每个螺旋转数累计约0.20mm的横向长度和距离载波板42约0.20mm的横向长度。由此肉眼不会看到单个的天线线圈44的转数，只有用光学放大器才能够看到。天线线圈44的每一半45、45’包括约30延米的导线。另外，约200个转数螺旋地“缠绕”成约50mm-80mm厚的矩形，并且非常适合约54mm-86mm厚的具有韧性的载波板42，与目前使用的标签条10的尺寸相比非常小。而且由于导线的总的转数(约400)和总的长度(约60米)包含完整的天线线圈44，所以“读取”/接收装置启动发射部件40，从而有效地发射可穿越受益距离的信号。
在生产发射部件40时，需要采用排除普通铜丝的超细的导电元件的线。更确切地说，生产每一半线圈45、45’时，首先在载波板42的两侧粘贴薄的(小于0.05mm)铜叠片。采用现有技术中的工艺生产出每一半线圈45、45’所需的螺旋形缠绕图案的玻璃蜡纸。随后根据已知的层叠型FR40的处理，对在载波板42的每一侧上的铜叠片进行电子蚀刻。下面做简单的说明，即通过采用蜡纸，由计算机控制路径形成位于载波板42两侧的两半螺旋形缠绕的天线45、45’，由机器人操作激光柱，该激光柱“蚀刻”预先层叠好的铜叠片，以在铜叠片中灼烧出螺旋形图案，从而在相邻的转数之间形成绝缘空间。在载波板42上“未灼烧”的铜保持完整无缺，从而确定出含有完整天线线圈44的超细导线。
由于具有上述天线44，识别标签20克服了现有技术中的缺陷而具有小而薄的构形，不需要电池启动转发器芯片48，并具有足够的发射/接收距离。成矩形螺旋缠绕400转数的天线线圈比缠绕成圆形的线圈更能满足发射规范，并且标签20的天线适合现有技术中识别标签10的一般尺寸。具有总长约60米、螺旋缠绕约400转数的天线线圈44具有足够的感应度，当标准的读取器/扫描器天线产生的感应区到达一米见方时，该线圈产生电流启动转发器48。充分启动的转发器48顺次从相同距离发射可察觉的RF信号。根据最佳实施例，工作状态的识别标签20在173KHz，感应系数约为9.0mH，电容约为100.00pF的情况下进行有效操作。
当在铜叠片中蚀刻出螺旋形“环”以形成天线线圈44的每一半45、45’后，如图3和图4所示，通过采用标准的集成板安装工艺，将转发器芯片48永久地固定在载波板42上，并与天线线圈44的外端50、51电接触。
转发器芯片48是已知的只读装置，如由瑞士马林(Marin)的EM Microelectronic-Marin公司生产的型号为H4001的芯片。当将线圈放置在磁场中时，本发明中天线线圈44的转发器芯片48是与由外部线圈中感应电流形成的电路成整体的CMOS。感应电流为AC，但需由转发器芯片48中的格里恣桥(Graetz bridge)调整。
转发器芯片48为可激光编程的，至少有32位，最好为64位，按十六进制存储编制的数码。最佳的芯片48由于缓冲电容和电压限制器集成在一个单片上，所以具有较宽的动态射程，并且还具有满波调整的特征。芯片48经过芯片上的一个线圈端，在与启动芯片的相同区域中得到时钟脉冲。另一端由调节器控制，开、关调节电流以发射32位或64位预先设计好的存储编制中的特殊信息。在生产基地通过用激光熔化多硅链而进行芯片48的激光处理，从而在每一芯片上存储特殊的编码。连续输出的数据串包含9位的标头，40位的数据，14个奇偶检验位和一个终止位。数据位可以传递如各位旅客编码号的数据，随后直接将该数据与旅客的身份和路线联系。最佳芯片48在3MHz频率时有50,000波特的读取率，另外，还可在9600波特率和125KHz时(主要国际定期航线的最佳频率)，利用32位芯片通过RS232标准传递数据。
一旦将转发器芯片48固定在载波板42的一侧，最好将完整的发射部件40包裹在两层纸30，32之间，这两层纸不仅保护发射部件40，还印有普通的打印数据，如条形码14和作为说明的胶纸22。可以将发射部件40放在记载打印信息的纸标签20中，该信息原来标在已知的识别标签10上。航班工作人员只需处理单个的本发明的识别标签20，并将其系在每个行李上，这样可以节省时间和费用。更为重要的是本发明的标签20能够使RF发射机的识别标签工艺逐步进行，而不需引人注目地更换使用标识装置和系统。目前使用的光学扫描器的基本装置和方法还可继续用于班机上，放在本发明的旁边或与本发明同时使用。只有当靠近观察或拆开后，才可发现本发明的标签20与目前所用的标签10确实有明显的区别。
图5示出本发明的最佳生产模式为连续生产，从而可以成批地生产出大量识别标签20。非常有韧性的玻璃纤维环氧树脂载波板42的延伸条带沿其长度带有多个由激光蚀刻的天线的铜线圈44，44’，44”，每个天线线圈44与对应的转发器芯片48，48’，48”(在生产基地与数据串预先编制)电连接。随后将载波板42卷在两层纸条卷30，32之间，该纸条卷由普通胶粘在一起。其结果是三层识别标签条卷成便于运输和使用的单个纸卷35。在机场处，将纸卷35放入打印机(未示出)，以在上面打印条形码14和其它与每个发射部件40对应的数据。
由于该装置可以由少量并相当便宜的器械批量生产，所以可以生产出其价格允许标签真正随意使用的识别标签20。在旅程结束时，机组人员只需简单地拆下并扔掉识别标签20即可，就如处理掉现有技术中的标签10一样。
另一个优点是识别标签20可以穿过标准的带式打印机，而不会损坏打印头或实际影响打印质量。完成的标签20只有约0.20mm厚，并能够穿过打印机，印下所有在现有技术中的标签10的可视数据和条形码，同时能够与RF转发器工艺相配合。
图6示意地示出了处理单个标签20上所记载数据的系统。在高速计算机中央处理系统(CPU)中进行数字数据的处理。CPU与初始的扫描器，一个或更多个远程扫描器以信号方式联系。CPU处理由初始的和远程扫描器返回的数据，如果需要，由视频监控器显示出来。另外还配有声频警报，从而当出现在预先编制的程序之外的情况时，如个别行李从一个远程扫描器到另一个远程扫描器之间耗费相当长的时间，声频警报将向终端处的机组人员发出警报。
该扫描器包括两个基本部件，磁场发生器和RF接收器。与本发明的识别标签20配合使用的RF读取器/扫描器装置是由德国汉诺威(Hanover)的Deister Electronics生产的PRX-20型号。每个扫描器，如初始的和远程的都产生磁场。当识别标签20进入该磁场中时，在天线44中感应出能够启动转发器芯片48的电流。该转发器芯片48立即传递较小的数据串，并由扫描器接收。随后扫描器向CPU传递数据，以便处理和存储。
每个扫描器的配置包括初始的扫描器配置，最好能够从发射部件40处接收RF的传送，还能够读取打印在固定有发射部件40的纸层30上的光学条形码。在使用初始扫描器的情况下，在标签20上打印可视数据时，能够实际“读取”RF传送信号，因为RF接收器/扫描器可以与打印机成为整体。
由此，当旅客登记时，本发明的识别标签20已放在标准的机场ID标签打印机内。机组人员得到旅客的标识确认，将该信息和旅客的路线信息输入CPU。CPU随后向打印机发出指令，打印出记载有适当的常见条形码14等的识别标签20。在打印的同时，初始扫描器在各个识别标签20中发射部件40上感应出电流，转发器芯片48向初始读取器发射各自的数码，以将该数码和旅客的身份和路线输入CPU。从打印机中取出识别标签20，用粘结条22或类似物粘在旅客的行李上。如果需要，也可以同样制作“登机证”字样的纸片，各个转发器将旅客的编码输入到CPU，便将“通行”字样的纸片发给旅客。
按常规将旅客和其行李送至装载门。在沿运送行李和旅客“流”的途中设置有一个或多个图6所示的远程扫描器，以从识别标签20处接收信号。设置远程扫描器的一般位置是在行李运送带上，旅客安全检查处等。行李上带有旅客的“登机证”或识别标签20的任何时刻，从距离远程扫描器约1米范围内通过，天线44受远程扫描器产生的磁场的影响而感应出电流，识别标签中的转发器芯片48接收到该感应电流。芯片48向远程扫描器发射各自的标识信号，随后该信号传送至CPU以进行进一步的处理。
对CPU编制程序，以对从远程扫描器接收到的数据进行各种评估和比较。例如，系统的操作器在旅客或行李流中确定各自合理的体系，相对各自的物理系统标识出合理的体系。操作器能够说明哪一个远程扫描器位置在系统中某一特定时间段作为控制位置，如果需要，还可调节系统以中断或处理反常情况。最重要的是可以对CPU编程以便在系统中已存在事件的基础上预先确定处理措施。例如，如果识别标签20经过本班机的远程扫描器，对应于该行李的主人没带机票，CPU于是向视频监控器发出可视的暗示，或发出声频警报以警告该行李走错了方向，必需取回。同样，当识别标签20经过第一个远程扫描器，它向CPU发出信号以识别并记录与该行李对应的标签到达行李流中的某一位置。如果同一识别标签超过了预先设定好的时间才到达下一个远程扫描器位置，CPU便认为是迟到，并根据旅客的姓名、航线、航班号等确认行李延迟或丢失，以便采取补救措施。
另外，本发明形成了用于标识并跟踪行李的完整体系的整体组件。记载有不同数码的标签20在旅客登记时分配在旅客的行李卡上，从登记处到装载处跟踪该行李，印有“登机证”的第二个标签20也随机地直接分配给旅客，同样也电子跟踪旅客到班机处的行程。
目前全世界机场的登记程序本质上不受使用标签20的影响。已预约的旅客到达机场，得到机票、登机证和/或入口通行证。同时，旅客核实输入计算机系统中的身份、地址和路线，或确认已经存入数据库的数据。
当因不注意而将行李运往错误的飞机时，错误航线的行李流中的接收读取器将扫描该标签20，计算机确认标签与旅客的身份不匹配。机组人员马上得到警报，通报行李处理员将行李拿到正确的飞机处，或至少将行李从错误飞机处“推”出。
如果使用“登机证”识别标签跟踪旅客位置，将进一步防止行李的丢失。将行李标签和登机证结合使用，在行李与主人分开的情况下，能够用数据处理器替代机组人员的工作。在班机入口处或入口附近的读取接收器将装载的旅客行李注册。当在检测标识时扫描到旅客没有登机证时，数据处理系统确认“丢失”的行李已经在飞机上。将飞机上没有主人的行李取回，并立即返回到迟到的旅客手中，或在处理过程中以其它方式存放起来。
本发明通过在终端监控旅客和/或行李的行踪，对恐怖分子对旅客的行动起到很强的威慑作用。例如，个别旅客或其行李经过机场中两个已设定好的接收读取器位置之间时，耗费了非常长的时间，数据处理系统便警告两个位置之间的终端工作人员，对恐怖分子采取强硬措施以检查他的未被发现的行李。如果检查过行李的旅客没有登机，用于行李上和登机证中的标签也能够警告机长。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于在运输终端跟踪每一件行李行踪的系统，适于放置在每个行李上的行李识别标签包括：
至少一个纸片状的覆盖条；
带有天线线圈，并在所述线圈的一端带有转发器装置的承载条，该线圈用于产生带有不同数码的信号，以便跟踪每个行李上的所述标签；
将所述覆盖条粘贴在所述承载条上的装置，所述天线线圈从覆盖条和承载条之间伸出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于所述线圈螺旋地缠绕在所述承载条上，并且由超细的导电材料组成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于所述天线线圈包括位于承载条的相对表面上的两半线圈，所述两半线圈的第一端连接在一起，第二端都连接在所述转发器上，所述天线线圈具有在相对表面上的铜叠层，该铜叠层蚀刻成所示的两半的线圈。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于所述转发器是与电路芯片成整体的CMOS，该芯片由在所述天线中感应的电流启动，并由所述芯片中的格里恣桥调整。
5.一种行李标识系统，它包括下列组合：
含有天线和转发器的第一标签部分，该转发器用于产生带不同数码的信号；
发给每位旅客的带有标记的第二标签部分，该标记带有与第一标签部分对应的数码。
6.根据权利要求5所述的行李标识系统，其特征在于所述第一标签部分记载有与第二标签部分上标记相对应的标记，其中所述标记是打印在上面的，并且所述数码与每位旅客的身份和行程路线对应。
7.根据权利要求5所述的行李标识系统，其特征在于所述第一和第二标签部分彼此本质分开。
8.根据权利要求5所述的行李标识系统，其特征在于所述多个第一和第二标签部分以连续的方式生产，并分成独立的标签，每个标签都含有一对第一和第二标签部分。
9.根据权利要求5所述的行李标识系统，其特征在于向每位旅客分发登机证，登机证上含有天线和用于产生信号的转发器，该信号与第一标签部分产生的信号对应。
10.一种在运输设备上跟踪行李的方法，它包括：
将第一标签部分粘贴在每位旅客的每件行李卡上，其中所述第一标签部分含有天线和转发器，该转发器用于产生带有不同数码的连续RF信号；
向每位旅客分发带有标记的第二标签部分，该标记与所述第一标签部分的数码对应；
通过在起点和终点之间感应有周期间隔的信号，监控每件位于起点和终点之间的行李卡。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于该方法还包括将第一和第二标签部分串联，当将第一标签部分粘贴在行李卡上时，分开第一和第二标签部分。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于该方法还包括提供一种登机证，它能够产生与第一标签部分产生的信号相对应的信号。
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