CN1284815A - 有线电视发送系统机顶终端 - Google Patents

有线电视发送系统机顶终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1284815A
CN1284815A CN00102719A CN00102719A CN1284815A CN 1284815 A CN1284815 A CN 1284815A CN 00102719 A CN00102719 A CN 00102719A CN 00102719 A CN00102719 A CN 00102719A CN 1284815 A CN1284815 A CN 1284815A
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China
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menu
program
video
screen
subscriber
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CN00102719A
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CN1189033C (zh
Inventor
约翰·S·亨德里克斯
艾尔弗雷德·E·邦纳
埃里克·C·伯科宾
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Warner Bros Discovery Inc
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发现通讯公司
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Abstract

本发明描述了电视节目传送系统的观众接口。本发明与观众选择电视节目的方法与设备有关。特别是,接口涉及观众家中的电视所用的软、硬件。这些软硬件用来创造具用户友好性的菜单方式进行电视节目存取,该设备对于拥有几百个节目和载有节目信息的数据信号的节目传送系统特别有用,本说明书描述了电视节目菜单生成及菜单选择。

Description

有线电视发送系统机顶终端
本申请是于1993年12月9日提出的申请号为93120186.1、发明名称为有线电视发送系统机顶终端的专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请案
本申请案对应的美国专利申请是申请流水号07/991.074申请案的后继部份申请案,申请案的名称是具有菜单驱动订户通道的电视节目编组及发送系统申请时间是1992年12月9日。以下的后继部份申请,也是以上述申请案为基础,并附列如下:申请流水号  Set No.________________,名称为:电视节目发送系统推荐节目的可重编程序终端。申请流水号  Set No.________________,名称为:具有菜单驱动订户通道的电视节目编组及发送系统。申请流水号  Set No.________________,名称为:有线电视发送系统先进的机顶终端。申请流水号  Set No.________________,名称为:有线电视发送系统数字电缆端头。申请流水号  Set No.________________,名称为:有线电视发送系统网络控制器。申请流水号:Set No.________________,名称为:电视节目编组及发送的操作中心。申请流水号  Set No._______________,名称为:节目发送系统。
技术范围
本发明涉及为消费者家庭提供电视节目编程能力的电视娱乐系统,特别是涉及一种为消费者提供节目选择的用户友好系统。
发明背景
电视娱乐的进展一直主要由技术上的突破带动。1939年,弗拉基米尔·佐里金(Vladimir Zworykin)在显像管的进展促进了NBC开始其正式定时播放。1975年,卫星技术的进步,能够为消费者家庭提供更多的节目。
这么多的技术突破,生产了一些对消费者并不便利的系统,常见的以三个遥控器,分别及单独遥控电视、有线电视盒及录像机就是其中一个例子。最近,美国的某些地区在技术上已能向电视用户提供100个频道的节目。增大的节目容量已超过了很多消费者的使用能力,而一直没有向消费者提供一种掌握节目选择的方法。
消费者期望电视娱乐方面的进步,尤其是在节目及节目选择上的进步,是一种对消费者便利的方式。消费者的喜好,而不是技术上的突破,将推动至少今后20年的电视娱乐市场。正如计算机供应商经历了推销计算机硬件新技术到推销其较优适用性、界面及服务的转变,电视娱乐产业也将经历由新技术带动市场到由对消费者适用性带动市场的转变。
消费者需要具有实用新技术的产品,并且不会由于技术新颖及地位象征而购买产品。复杂硬件技术的进步开始超越一般消费者使用新技术的能力。要使新技术娱乐产品有用,且为消费者所需,需要做细致的工程工作。
为了使新的电视娱乐产品成功,就必须使其满足消费者的要求。电视消费者希望由受限制选择观看进步到有多种观看选择,由不能控制节目编排到完全控制编排。消费者希望在保持低花费的情况下,电视由麻烦、不便进步到方便而易于使用。消费者绝不愿意在缺乏编排节目信息而难以看到这些频道节目的情况下,支付100个频道的费用。
互动电视概念、高清晰度电视、及消费者家中300个频道的有线系统,进行分组、发送,以及对消费者有用的方式出现,则难以推销。问题是,电视节目的编排不是以一种对消费者友好的方式出现。
消费者已经受到了节目选择、大量“免费”频道,预订有线频道和按观看场次收费的各种消费方式的轰击。若缺少对便利用户的考虑,则电视娱乐的增加,仍会令用户感到迷惑及不知所措。
电视工业在传统上一直以诸如连续馈送的广播和长期订购电影频道的大批量方式推销和出售它的节目,电视工业不能以诸如订购一个节目这样的以每个单元作为一个单位的方式大量出售它的节目。顾客更喜欢单元销售的方式,因为它能使费用低廉,并允许顾客对于他们观看节目更大的选择。
此外,已经开始的观众按节目分割播放方法将增加,而不易讨好用户的方式提供节目会使节目的观众和收入都降低。随着节目播放更加讨好用户,用户追求额外的特征和功能特征。
所需的是一个能通过一个容易地从许多经选中节目进行选择的具有友好界面递送和提供电视节目的系统。
所需的是一个允许订户容易地利用屏幕上菜单进行节目选择的机顶转换器。
所需的是一个允许订户在没有电视指南的情况下从几百个节目中进行选择的机顶转换器。
所需的是一个具有用户友好界面的机顶转换器使用户能取得电视节目。
所需的是一个有效取得几百个电视节目选择的方法。
所需的是提供一种升级功能的硬件,使现有的机顶转换器技术能用于先进的节目递送系统中。
所需的是使现有机顶转换器功能升级的技术。
所需的是一个和电缆端头之间提供上游通讯能力的机顶转换器。
所需的是一个具有产生显示菜单能力的机顶转换器。
所需的是一种可由简单方法选择菜单中的节目的机顶转换器。
所需的是一种机顶转换器,该转换器可以在专用频道系统和广播电视频道系统中提供节目按观看付费。
所需的是一种可让订户征订接在屏幕上的特定频道的机顶转换器。
所需的是一种可以监测订户观看选择以后其满意的机顶转换器。
所需的是一种为订户提供屏幕帐单信息的机顶转换器。
所需的是一种机顶转换器,它可结合静态或动态视频的高级屏幕电视项目单。
所需的是一种能够划分及重新分布视频项目表的机顶转换器。
所需的是一种可在分离屏幕的视频节目表上使用节目信号的机顶转换器。
本发明即据予满足以上要求。
发明概述
本发明为用于电视节目传送系统的机顶转换终端,具体讲,本发明为一高级机顶终端。该终端用于一般家庭。该机顶终端是电视节目传送系统的关键部件。该机终端可提供项目单生成及电视节目的项目单选择。
该机终端是电视节目传送系统的一部分,通常设置于订户的家中。该机顶终端具有输入及输出端口,以后其与本地或远地设备通讯,在优选实施方案中,该机顶终端具有一输入端口用于接收来自电缆端头的信息。此外,该终端有至少两个输出端以使与电视、录像机或其他电子设备进行通信。另外,该机顶终端还有一电话插座用来进行维护,发现故障原因,重新编程及其他用户特性,该终端可有立体声/声频输出端以及卫星输入端口。
从功能上而言,该机顶终端是传送系统中心最后环节,在优选实施方案中,该终端接收来自电缆端头(或有时在来自控制中心)的压缩节目和控制信号,之后这些信号被分离解压缩,转换成模拟信号(如果需要的话),再被存储在本地存储器(从该存储器可以生成项目单样板)或立即执行,或者在直接送到电视屏幕上。
在对来自电缆端头的某些信号完成处理之后,该机顶终端可以存储用于生成项目单的项目菜单样板陈列,菜单最终要在订户电视上显示。菜单样板生成后送到该终端存储起来。微处理器使用来自控制中心或电缆端头的控制信号以产生菜单样板存储起来。每个菜单样板存在该终端的非易失性存储器中,当该终端收到样板信息时,它可将来自电缆端头的节目控制信号分离为三个主要部分:视频、图形和文字内容,每个菜单样板表示一个完整项目单的不同部分,例如菜单背景、电视标志、光标加重重叠、或其他需要用于产生菜单的杂项。该菜单样板可由来自控制中心或电缆端头的控制信号消除或修改。
一旦菜单已存入存储器,该机顶终端可生成适当的菜单,在优选实施方案中,基本菜单格式的信息存储在机顶终端的存储器中,从而微处理器可在本地从该机顶终端而无需外来讯号存取这些信息。该微处理器接着从菜单样板和存在存储器中的其他菜单信息中生成适当的菜单。该机顶终端然后在对立于订户选择的输入的订户电视屏幕上显示特定的菜单。如果该订户从一个菜单中选择了一个特定的节目,则该终端将确定在哪个频道上播放该节目,并从电缆输入端分和抽取出该频道。
除了菜单信息,该机顶终端还可存储来自控制中心或电缆端头的文字内容。该文字内容可以通知订户有关发生事件、帐单或帐户状态、新订户的信息以及其他相关信息。根据文字内容信息的使用频率和时间,可将其存在适当的存储区。该机顶终端亦可支持联机数据库服务、互动式多媒体服务、进入数字收音频道以及其他服务。
在最简单实施方案中,采用的转换器盒箱(例如由通用仪器公司(General Instrument)或亚特兰大科技公司(ScientificAtlanta制造的终端)可被改型或优化以实现本发明机顶终端的功能,最佳的改良为一具有连至该终端的微处理器的电路卡片。
本发明的目的是提供用户友好性界面以便于订户进行电视节目。
本发明的目的是使用户可以轻易的使用屏幕菜单对数百个节目进行选择。
本发明的目的是使用户从几百个选择中选择一个节目而无需电视节目单。
本发明的目的是有效的进入数百个电视选择。
本发明的目的是提供改进的技术以使现有的机顶转换器可用于先进的节目传送系统。
本发明的目的是改进现有机顶转换器的功能。
本发明的目的是在机顶转换器和电缆端头之间提供逆向位移通讯能力。
本发明的目的是提供能够生成显示菜单的机顶终端。
本发明的目的是提供一种方式,该方式可只按一个按钮即项目单中选到一个节目。
本发明的目的是专用频道系统中提供付费观看节目通道及广播电视频道。
本发明的目的是允许用户在屏幕上征订专用频道。
本发明的目的是于监测订户的收视选择以使其满意。
本发明的目的是在屏幕上为订户提供收费信息。
本发明的目的是提供可以结合静态或动态视频的高级视屏幕菜单。
本发明的目的是提供一个机顶终端,它能划分或重新分布视频菜单。
本发明的目的是提供一个机顶终端,它能使用一个节目信号分离屏幕的视频菜单。
按照本发明所提供的一种在电视屏幕上显示具有视频的菜单的方法,包括步骤:
获取用于显示的视频;生成用于显示的菜单,其中所述菜单具有视频窗口;合并所述视频和所述菜单;和显示所述合并的视频和菜单,其中所述视频显示在所述菜单的视频窗口内。
按照本发明所提供的一种以图形方式访问电视节目的系统,包括:
用于在屏幕上显示节目播出选项的图形显示部分,其中该屏幕包括显示视频的观赏窗口;和
通过光标移动和按钮选择来选择节目播出选项的遥控单元。
本发明的上述这些及其他目的和优点本技术领域的专业人员在阅读过以下说明书、附图及权利要求后,将会明白了解。
附图说明
图1是电视传送系统的主要部件图。
图2是电视传送系统的工作原理图。
图3是该系统主要部件的工作原理图。
图4a是用于程式信息讯号的方框图。
图4b是机顶终端的应答进行检测的方框图。
图5a是机顶终端的方框图。
图5b是机顶终端的另一实施方案。
图6a为机顶终端的前视图。
图6b为机顶终端的后视图。
图7为加速卡基本部件图。
图8是为本发明的节目菜单系统的基本结构。
图9a是用于本发明的基本菜单,它包括了由代表的十个主要菜单。
图9b是除图9a之外用于优选实施方案的菜单。
图10是一流程图,用于表明微处理器为节目菜单定序所需的步骤。
图11a,11b和11c是对菜单定序的另一过程图。
图12a-12h为改良现有机顶转换器的加速卡的程序流程图。
图13展示了一个介绍性菜单。
图14表示为家用菜单显示屏幕。
图15表示了另一家用菜单显示屏幕。
图16显示了流行电影主要菜单。
图17显示了流行电影描述菜单。
图18显示了一个流行电影确认子菜单。
图19展示了一个流行电影通告子菜单。
图20a是一个避色在节目菜单期间出现的流行电影示意图。
图20b是在节目菜单期间流行电影示意图。
图20c是流行电影再进入菜单的示意图。
图21是电影为主要菜单的示意图。
图22a-22e为本发明的一个典型菜单顺序示意图。
图23和24为一个专用频道主菜单及相关子菜单的示意图。
图25是图片频道主菜单的示意图。
图26是文新闻子目录菜单的示意图。
图27a是用于存在机顶终端的图形存储器中的屏幕上菜单样板的存储示意图。
图27b示明了本发明的机顶终端的文字的分层存储。
图27c是一流程图,它示明微处理器检索,合成及显示一个菜单的步骤。
图28a-28g和29a-29g表明了如何由机顶终端产生菜单。
图30示明了本发明采用的屏幕分割技术。
优选实施方案的详细描述
A.电视节目供应系统描述
1.介绍
图1表示本发明做为扩展有线电视节目发送系统200的一部份,利用压缩电视节目信号传输十分显著地增加了节目的可编能力。数字带宽压缩技术的发展使其比现有的或稍加修正的传输媒体具有更大的电视节目通过能力。所示电视节目发送系统200提供给节目订户一种用户友好界面,以开发运作比现有情况高出6倍或更多的节目供应能力。
订户能够得到扩展的电视节目组,并由有单驱动通道方式看到订户所选节目,从而使每个订户可以由按顺序排好的菜单单个地选择节目。订户使用简单的字母数字及图形符号通道,或在电视屏幕上移动光标及图形或亮块来编排菜单,只要按一下单个的按钮可以得到所要的节目,而不必调用存储器,也不必按动用来选择节目的两个或两个以上的实际数字号码。这样,订户只要按单个钮就可以从一个菜单进入下一个菜单。以此方式,订户可以从任何给出的菜单按顺序编排菜单和选择节目。节目被按类别分组,因此可以在同一菜单上得到类似的节目。
2.主要系统元件
此系统最基本的型式是使用一个发送节目系统200连接一个常规的链接有线电视系统210。此节目发送系统200一般包括,(Ⅰ)至少一个操作中心202,节目分组及信息控制在此中心建立,而后以数字数据的形式组装成型。(Ⅱ)一个数字压缩系统,数字数据在此系统中压缩、组合多通道化、编码及变换成用于天线传输到电缆端头208的数字信号,以及(Ⅲ)一个内装压缩码解码器。节目发送系统200传输数字信号到电缆端头208,在此端头处,信号被传达到链接有线电视系统210。在电缆端头208内,接收到的信号可以被解码、解除多通道、由一局部中央分配及转换机制管理、组合,然后通过电缆系统210传输到位于每个节目订户家中的机上终端220。虽然连接有线电视系统210是最流行的家用传输媒体,但是电话线路、网络式网络、光导纤维、个人通讯网络、以及类似的家用传输技术都可以与此节目供应系统200互换使用。
此发送系统200有一个具有内装压缩解码能力的接收区域207。此能力由一装于机顶终端220内的压缩码解码器预先规定的,机上终端220装于每个节目订户家中。由节目订户的观点来看,此压缩码解码器是保持透明的,并且允许被压缩的信号解除多通道及个别地由混合数据流取出,然后按照节目订户的选择,个别地进行压缩码解码。压缩了视频信号被转换成用于电视显示的模拟信号。这样的模拟信号包括用于标准电视的NTSC格式化信号。控制信号被类似地取出和被压缩码解码,然后或是被立即执行,或是置于一局部存储器内,例如随机存储器(RAM)。压缩码解码硬件的多通道装置可以用来将压缩码的视频信号解码及控制信号。机顶终端220能复盖或组合不同的信号以便在节目订户的电视上形成所要求的显示。视频信号的图形或一幅接一幅的画面就是此显示的实例。
虽然单个数字压缩标准(例如,MPEG)可用于节目供应系统200和链接有线电视系统210,然而对两种系统所使用的压缩技术可能是不同的。当两种媒体间使用的压缩标准不同时,由电缆端头208接受到的信号,必须在由电缆端头208传输到机顶终端220之前施以压缩码解码。因此,电缆端头208必须再压缩及传输这些信号到机顶终端220,此终端可能使用一种特定的压缩码解码法算法对这些信号进行压缩解码。
每个订户可以通过一个订户界面取得由机顶终端220接收的视频信号和控制信号所对应的特定的电视节目及菜单选择。订户界面是一种按钮位于机顶终端220或便携式遥控器900内的装置。在此优选系统实施例中,节目订户者界面是一种组合字符、数字、以及图形符号的遥控装置900,此装置直接地或以菜单驱动方式提供节目通道。优选的订户界面也含有光标移动和启动按钮以及字母的、数字的、以及图形符号的按钮。预户界面及菜单的安排使节目订户能够由几个在电视屏幕上显示的菜单中选择一些节目顺序编排。另外,使用者可以越过一些菜单屏幕,并以在订户者界面上选择合适的字符、数字或图形符号的组合立即选择节目。在此优选实施方案中,机顶终端220以建立特定菜单模板的陈列来产生在电视上显示的菜单,并且机顶终端220对每个可能的视频信号显示一特定的菜单或子菜单选择。
3.操作中心及数字压缩系统
操作中心202执行两种基本的服务,编组电视节目和控制节目控制信息信号。在此操作中心202,电视节目以模拟及数字的形式将节目从外部分接收进来。图2表示此操作中心从不同的外部来源212接收信号的一个实施例。外部节来源的例子有运动节目、儿童节目、专业频道、新闻或是任何可以提供音响及图像信号的节目来源。一旦操作中心202自外部来源收到任何模拟形式的信号,它将会使其数字化(并最好加以压缩)。此操作中心202也可具备节目内部存储器。内部存储的节目可以是模拟或数字形式,并存储于永久的或不易失的存储源,包括磁带或随机存储器。操作中心202在收到节目后,以最易向节目预订者销售为目标来将其分组及分类。例如:操作中心202可以将同样的节目对周日、最佳收看时间、星期六下午收看时间分成不同的类别和菜单。操作中心202所编组的电视节目,便于不同的菜单说明节目,也便于节目预订者通过菜单取得节目。
在操作中心202中,用计算机辅助组设备(CAP)来对数字信号编组是典型的执行方式。计算机辅助编组设备系统一般包括至少一个计算机监视器、键盘、鼠标器及标准的视频编辑设备。程序员输入一定的信息到计算机辅助编组设备来编组信号。此信息包括日期、时间段及各种节目的节目类别。程序员和计算机辅助编组设备利用人员统计数据及分级来执行编组任务。程序员在由可提供节目的库存中选取不同节目及输入必要的信息后,在计算机辅助编组设备的帮助下能够选择价格及对不同的节目分配应答器空间。处理过程完成后,计算机辅助编组设备显示出对应于程序员输入的菜单草案或节目日程表。计算机辅助编组设备也能够以图形方式显示应答器空间的分配。程序员可以多次编辑菜单和定位应答器直到满足节目时间表为止。当进行编辑时,程序员对计算机辅助编组设备发出简单的指令便可以对准菜单上任何节目的准确位置。
编组过程也可以用卫生应答器解决必要的分组。操作中心202可将不同的节目组送到不同的电缆端头208和/或机顶终端220。操作中心202可以完成此任务的一种方法是将不同的节目编组送到每个应答器。每个应答器,或是应答器组再将一特定的节目编组转发到特定的电缆端头208和/或机上终端220。应答器空间的定位是操作中心202所执行的一个重要任务。
操作中心202也可以为占用地方节目时间在编组信号中“插入”指示,使地方有线电视公司及电视公司以地方广告和/或地方节目来占据节目时间。因此,地方电缆端头208就不会被限制仅仅演播放从操作中心202传输来的节目。新型机顶转换器将使数字及模拟的两种频道结合。因此,电缆端头208能够在传送节目信号传送到机顶终端220之前将数字信号与模拟信号相结合。
计算机辅助编组设备将节目编组后,即产生一个节目控制信息信号,此信号与节目编组一同发送到电缆端头208和/或机顶终端220。此节目控制信号含有节目组内容的描述、送到电缆端头208和/或机顶终端220的指令,以及其他有关信号传输的信息。
除了将信号编组之外,操作中心202使用数字压缩技术来将已有的天线应答能力至少按4∶1的比率增加,从而使节目发送能力提高4倍。现有的一些数字压缩算法能够增加能力及按系统要求改进信号质量。此算法一般使用一个或多于3个的基本数字压缩技术:(1)帧内压缩,(2)帧对帧压缩,(3)载波内压缩。特别是,在优选实施例中,使用了MPEG2压缩方法。经过数字压缩,信号被混合(多通道化)和数码化。然后,混合的信号被传送到不同的上行路段204。
每个操作中心202可以有单个的上行线路段204或多个的上行线路段(在图1中,以204代表的假想图表示)。上行线路段204可以与操作中心202位于同一地理位置或是远离操作中心。一旦此复合信号被传送到上行线路204,此信号即可与其他信号复合、调制、向上变频和放大后经过卫星传输。多通道电缆端头208可以接收这类的传输。
除多重上行线路外,发送系统200也可以包含有多个操作中心。使用多个操作中心的优选方法是指定操作中心中的一个作为主要操作中心,并分配剩下的操作中心作为从属的操作中心。在此结构中,主要操作中心协调从属操作中心之间的各种功能,例如同时传输的同步化和有效地分散操作的工作负荷。
4.电缆端头
操作中心202将节目信号压缩及代码化并传送此信号到卫星后,电缆端头208接收并在将这些信号转送到每个机顶终端220之前将其进行进一步的处理。在每个电缆端头处,一般情况下装设有多重卫星接收盘。每个接收盘能够处理来自单个卫星及有时来自多个卫星的多路应答信号。
作为机顶终端220和操作中心220(或其他远处工作点)之间的媒介,电缆端头208具有两个主要的功能。首先,电缆端头208做为信号分配中心或信号处理器,可将节目信号转送到在每个节目订户家中的机顶终端220。此外,电缆端头208做为一个网络控制器214,可从每个机顶终端220接收信息,并将这样的信息传送到一个信息收集处,例如操作中心202。
图3表示一个实例。此例中,电缆端头208和节目订户的家由特定通讯媒体261连系起来。在此特定实例中,模拟信号,数字压缩信号、其他数字信号和逆向/互动信号经过媒体216发送和接收。电缆端头208可以做为有如信号处理器209和网络控制器214的双重角色,提供信号处理。
作为信号处理器209,电缆端头208将其接收到的节目信号布备传输到每个机顶终端220处。在此优选系统中,信号处理器209重定路经或是分离重新组合由操作中心202接收到的信号和数字信息,并将不同的信号区域剖署到不同的频率范围内。可向不同节目订户提供不同节目的电缆端头208,可以部署来自操作中心202的节目信号,以各种方式去适应不同的观众。信息处理器209也可以将地方节目和/或地方广告结合到节目信号中,并将此修改过的信号向前传到机顶终端220。为了适应地方节目编排的可用性,信号处理器209必须以数字或模拟形式地方信号与操作中心节目信号结合。假若地方有线系统使用的压缩标志不同于操作中心202所使用的,则信号处理中心209必须将进入的信号进行压缩解码和再压缩,以使其以合适的格式传送到机顶终端220。随着标志的发展(即MPEG2),此处理过程就变得不那么重要了。此外,信号处理器209执行任何必须的信号译码和/或编码。
作为网络控制器214,电缆端头208为该系统执行系统控制功能。网络控制器214的重要功能是管理机顶终端220的配置和处理机顶终端220接收到的信号。在此优选的实施例中,网络控制器214所监视的包括自动定时询问并返回来自远在每个节目订户家中的机户顶终端220的反应。定时询问及自动报回的循环频繁进行到可以满足网络控制器214保持准确记录帐单的程度,并监视规定的频道通路。举最简单的实例,被送到网络控制器214的信息将被存入随机存备器中,此随机存储器在每个节目订户的机顶终端220内,并且此信息仅仅按照网络控制器214的定时询问被修正。这种修正可以每天、每周或每个月进行。网络控制器214利用一个特定的机顶终端220,可使此系统对所有观看的节目保持完整的信息。
网络控制器214也能够调整操作中心202接收到的节目控制信息信号来响应机顶终端220的即时需要。因此,网络控制器214能够使发送系统适应个别机顶终端220的特殊要求,如若此特殊要求不能事先提供给操作中心202。换句话说,网络控制器214能够对正在进行的节目做出改变。以其所具有的此种能力,网络控制器214能够掌握复杂的地方编程需要,例如互动电视服务,分割式屏幕的录像技术,以及对同一个录像节目选择不同的外国语言。此外,网络控制器214控制并监视系统中所有的压缩码机及压缩码解码机。
发送系统200和优选实施方案的数字压缩提供了一条自操作中心202到电缆端头208的单方向通道。现状及记帐的信息从机顶终端220被送到在电缆端头208处的网络控制器214处不是直接送到操作中心202。因此,节目监测及选择控制只会在地方有有线电视公司和已分散的网络控制器214(即相对操作中心202而言已分散,操作中心202于节目发送系统200而言集中)之下在电缆端头208进行。然后地方有线电视公司将与操作中心202或区域控制中心(图上未表示)交流,操作中心累积从机顶终端220返回的数据以用于统计及记帐。在备用系统的实施例中,操作中心202和统计及记帐区布置在一起。此外,装有调制解调器的电话线路可以用来机顶终端220的信息传输到统计及记帐区。
5.机顶终端
机顶终端220是发送系统200置于节目订户家中的部份。机顶终端220一般放置在订户的电视机上面或下面,但是它也是可以放置于节目订户的家中任何地或方附近,只要它在节目预订者的遥控装置900的作用范围内即可。在某些方面,机顶终端220可能类似已被很多有线电视系统使用的转换盒。例如,每个机顶终端220可能包含一些错误检测、译码、和类似反利用编码的编码技术。不过,从下面的讨论将会明显地看出,机顶终端220是能够执行很多一般的转换器箱无法执行的功能。
机顶终端220有多个输入及输出口,使其能与其他的地方及远处的装置沟通。机顶终端220有一个从电缆端头208接收信息的输入口。此外,此单元至少有两个输出口,此输出口将机顶终端220的通讯提供给电视机及录像机。某些菜单选择可能引起机顶终端220直接发送控制信息到录放像机以便自动地对录像机进行编程及操作。还有,机顶终端220包括一个可用于维护设备、查找故障、重编程序和附加顾客的服务的电话插座。机顶终端220也可能包含立体声/音响输出端和一个卫星天线输入口。
从功能性来看,机顶终端220是此发送系统链上的最后一个元件。机顶终端220接收来自电缆端头208(或者,在某些情况下来自操作中心202)的被压缩的节目和控制信号。机顶终端220直接接收单个的被压缩的节目和控制信号之后。这些信号被分离、解除压缩、转换成模拟信号(假若必须的话),并且或是被放置于局部存储器中(菜单模板可以由此处产生),即时被扫许,或是直接被送到电视屏幕。
在处理了某些由电缆端头208接收的信号之后,机顶终端220能够存储菜单模板,用以产生菜单,这些菜单将使用一个菜单模板阵列将其显示在节目预订者的电视上。在菜单构成之前,必须做出菜单模板并将其送到机顶终端220存储。一个微处理器使用由操作中心202或电缆端头208接收到的控制信号来做出用于存储的菜单模板。每个菜单模板可以存在机顶终端220的易失性存储器内。当机顶终端接到模板信息时,它将由电缆端头208接收到的信号分解为四个主要的部份:视频、图象、程序逻辑和文字。每个菜单模板代表整个菜单上的一个不同部份,诸如菜单背景、电视标识、光标高亮覆盖,或是构成菜单所需要的各种各类的元件。菜单模板可以用由操作中心202或电缆端头208接收到的控制信号来取消或改换。
一旦菜单模板已经被存储于存储器中,机顶终端220就可以产生合适的菜单。在此优选实施例中,基本菜单格式信息被存于机顶终端220内的存储器中,从而使微处理器能局部地接通来自机顶终端的信息而不同接通来自输入信号的信息。微处理器由菜单模板和其他存于存储器内菜单信息产生合适的菜单。然后,机顶终端220接着在节目订户的电视屏幕上,对应节目预定者选择的输入显示出特定菜单。
若节目订户从菜单上选择一个特定的节目,机顶终端220将指明在哪个频道上该节目会被放演、分离信号和抽出由电缆端头208传输来的信号频道。机顶终端220然后将此频道解除压缩,并且如果有需要,转换节目信号为一模拟NTSC信号以使节目预订者能够看到所选节目。机顶终端220能够被装备成能使一个以上的节目信号解除压缩,但是这样做会毫无必要地将此装置的费用加上去,因为节目预订者一般在一个时间内仅仅会只看一个节目。不过,可能有必要使用两个或三个压缩码解码器来提供一个图面接换一个图面的能力、控制信号解除压缩、加强频道转换能力或类似功能。
除了菜单信息之外,机顶终端220也可以存付由电缆端头208或操作中心202传输来的文字。这些文字能够通知节目预订者即将到来的节目、收费和帐号情况,新的可预订的节目或其他有关的信息。文字将根据于使用文字信息持续时间和频率存储在合适的位置。
此外,选择升级的办法可以加强节目预订者的机顶终端220的性能。升级可以由盒卡或是计算机卡(机上未示出)构成,此盒卡或计算机卡被插入机顶终端220内的一个扩展口内;升级也可以由电缆端头208或操作中心202提供的性能来做到,使用者可以此电缆端头208或操作中心202预订节目。可能的升级可以包括在线数据基础服务、互动性多媒体服务、数字无线电广播频道通道,以及其他服务。
举一最简单的实例,由通用仪器公司General Instruments)或是亚特兰大科技公司(Scientific Atlanta)制造的转换器箱可以通过改善和升级来执行机顶终端220的功能。优选的升级办法是用一个具有微处理器的电路卡,此卡以电子方法连接于或是插入转换器箱。
6.遥控装置
节目和订户机顶终端220之间的重要通讯通道是节目订户界面,最好是遥控装置900。用户通过使用此界面,节目预订者可以通过系统的菜单驱动图表机制或用实际的频道号码直接进入特定的通道的方法来选择所要的节目。通过使用此界面,订户能够通过一系列提供信息的节目选择菜单来达到目的。使用菜单驱动、图形符号、或是字符通道,节目订户只须简单地按一个单个的按钮而不同从存储器中重新取出或按下实际的频道号码来做出选择。订户可用遥控器900上的数字键(按下相应的频道号),或是菜单图形符号选择,得到常规的广播和基本的有线电视站的信息。
除了使节目订户能够容易地与有线电视系统200交流配合之外,订户界面900的实质特点也增加系统的客户友好性。使用者应该可以轻易地将遥控器900掌握在手中。优选遥控器900的按钮含有绘成图形的符号,使订户容易地辨认。当然执行类似功能的按钮也可能以颜色配位和由有区别的文字组成以增加系统的用户友好性。
7.菜单驱动节目选择
菜单驱动机制提供给订户可以一步就进入所有主要菜单的方法,这些菜单可以从流行影片、体育运动节目,到特定节目来归类。订户可以从主菜单中的任何一个以光标或字符通道进入子菜单和次要菜单。
优选实施方案利用两种不同型式的菜单,即节目选择菜单和正在上演节目的菜单。第一系列的菜单,即节目选择菜单,由介绍基地、主菜单和子菜单构成。第二系列菜单,即正在上演节目的菜单,由两种主要型式构成,即隐式菜单和节目覆盖菜单。
当节目订户打开机顶终端220时,介绍菜单将立即欢迎节目订户进入此系统。介绍菜单也可能播放来自地方有线电视系统的重要通告,有线电视提供者的广播,或其他形式的信息。此外,假若电缆端头208发送了一个个人信息给节目预定者的特定的机顶终端220,那么介绍菜单能够通知节目订户。
演示了介绍菜单之后,节目订户可以进入下一级菜单,也就是基地菜单(Home Menu)。在优选实施方案中,一段时间之后,有线电视系统将引导订户自动进入基地菜单。订户可以从基地菜单进入所有的节目编排选择。订户既可以从遥控器900输入合适的频道号码来直接选择节目,也可以不断地由基地菜单开始来增加菜单选择的层次。对应于第一级菜单的基地菜单的类别称作主菜单。
假若节目订户一个接一个地通过相继的菜单来选择,则节目订户将进入对应由基地菜单来的选择类别的主菜单。主菜单进一步为节目预定者的要求进行搜寻,并帮助引导节目订户达到其所选择。
订户可以由主菜单进入几个子菜单。从每个子菜单,订户可以进入其他子菜单,直到节目预订者找到一个想要的电视节目。子菜单与主菜单相似,可以进一步按要求进行搜寻。此系统也可以使节目订户跳越过某些菜单或子菜单,只要输入一个合适的指令给遥控器900就可以直接进入特定的菜单或电视节目。
机顶终端220只有在节目订户已经选择了一个电视节目之后才演示正在上演的菜单(包括隐式菜单及节目覆盖菜单)。为避免打搅订户,机顶终端决不同演示隐式菜单,直到订户选择合适的情况来演式隐式菜单。隐式菜单包含与被观众选中的节目有关的选择。例如,隐式菜单可能含有一些选择,使订户进入一个互动模式或是从所选择的节目中退出。
节目覆盖菜单也隐式菜单近似,因为它们均发生在节目进行中并与正在观看的节目相关。然而,节目覆盖菜单是与节目预订者所选的菜单同时演示的。大部份的节目覆盖菜单在电视屏幕上所占位置小到足以使节目订户舒服地继续观看所选择的节目。
B.机顶终端说明
讯号最好是以压缩格式(MPEG)到达订户家中,然后播放之前解压缩。传送的节目信号包括可使订户家中的设备可以显示项目单以便选择将定节目的信息。根据特定的实施方案,电视节目信号可以通过一条或多条同轴电缆,光纤电缆、钮绞二股电缆移动电话连接,卫星或个人通信网络(PCN)而传送到订户家中。
图3示出了机顶终端220接收来自电缆输入208的信号并为订户对信号进行处理的情况。该机顶终端200配备有基地计算机存储器并能将数字压缩讯号进行解码以产生订户菜单。遥控器900将用户选择传送到机顶终端220。用户的选择通常基于菜单或其他显示在屏幕上的提示。
2.节目控制信息讯号
操作中心202生成节目控制信息讯号可为网络控制器214提供关于节目描述及节目排定的数据。在另一结构中,该数据可直接送往机顶终端220以供订户观看,在最优选实施方案中,网络控制器214存储节目控制信息讯号并将其以机顶终端信息流(STTCIS)的形式送往机顶终端220。该机顶终端220将节目控制信息讯号或STTCIS与存在其中的存储器内的数据相结合,从而生成有助于订户选择显示的屏幕上的菜单。
在整个说明中,所谓“节目控制信息”一讯号用于指出来自电缆输入而到机顶终端220的控制信息,而无论它是直接来自操作中心202,由网络控制器214所处理,然后传到机顶置箱盒(STTCIS),还是通过电话Y传输。
可以用节目控制讯号传送的信息包括:节目种类的数量,节目种类的名称,分配给一特定节目类别的频道(例如专用频道),频道的节目名称,每个频道上的节目的名称、节目开始时间、节目的长度、节目的描述、每个节目的菜单分配、价格、是否有该节目广告的样品视频剪辑,以及任何其他节目,菜目单或产品信息。
在最简实施例中,节目控制信息,包括送些项目单码,被连续从控制中心202送往网络控制器214,并最终送往机顶终端220,例如,四个小时的有偿节目信息可以通过节目控制信息信号连续交往,如表A所示。
表A中午十二时节目名称       节目长度   菜单码    节目种类  录像1.Cheers            .5    E24           C    N2.Terminator       2.0    A33           TX   S3.Prime Time       1.0   D14           N    N4.Football Specila  .5    B24           S    N中午十二时三十分节目名称          节目长度 菜单码    节目种类  录像1 Simpson            .5    E14和C13      C      S4 足球比赛          3.0    B13           S      N
表A示出了机顶终端220所需的基本信息。节目种类为编码缩写。例如:C表示“喜剧”,N表示“新闻”,代表“体育”,A代表“动画片”,TX代表内容片。若对一些节目,如电影,有文字描述,这种描述在该节目的编码种类后给出,或在该四小时播放节目信息后面给出。如在编码单中所示的,长于半小时,节目的节目描述无需(每隔半小时)重复一次。录像描述码告知机顶终端220,是否有静止或动态录像或供该节目的广告宣传用。
例如,一体育节目可能会被设计成这样一个编码:B35-010194-1600-3.25,密执安州对南加州大学。字母B将该节目指为B类,即体育。第二个字母数字混编码符号的数字3指定该节目为体育类别中的第三个菜单。该码的第三个符号,数字5表示该节目在第三个菜单上的第五项节目位置。下面六个符号,01/01/94,代表日期。接下去4个数字1600代表起始时间,然后是节目的长度和节目名称。该编码条目代表一体育节目,高校足球赛,于1994年元旦下午4时播放。
在表A中,中午十二时三十分第1频道的节目示出了两个菜单码,允许有两个菜单码时,可放入两个不同类别描述的节目,使能在两个菜单上显示给观众。当该最低限度量的信息可定期地传送至机顶终端220时,该终端便能确定各节目的合适的菜单位置,以及在用户完成菜单选择后,为订户确定合适的开始播放时间和频道。在优选的实施方案中,菜单码是在操作中心202产生的。
表B示出了一个示例性的事件表,它可通过包含有关事件和价格的信息的事件数据文件,装入机顶终端220。如表中所示。事件表中的三横列为字段号,字段本身和装入该事件数据文件的信息类型。第一栏包括了字段号1至11。中间栏包括相应的字段参数,包含有:事件类型、事件标号、全球频道标号、价格、起始时间、起始日期、结束日期、P-图符、名称和描述。第三栏播放相应的字段类型信息。如在该字段类型信息中所示的,它一般包括:一无符号的整数、小时、分钟和秒;月、日和年、以及ASCII(美国信息交换用标准带码)、符号识别符。表B字段号    字段           类型1        事件类型      无符号的整数1=YCTV2=按观看收费3=普通电视2        事件标号      无符号的整数3        全球频道标号  无符号的整数4        价格(按分记)  无符号的整数5        开始时间      小时:分钟:秒6        结束时间      小时:分钟:秒7        开始日期      月/日/年8        结束日期      月/日/年9        P-图像        ASCIIZ10        名称         ASCIIZ11        描述         ASCIIZ
表C示出一示例性的事件数据的数字文件。特别地,表C表示出了相应于两个事件类型的两个数据串。第一个数据串指明为第一字段中的YCTV事件。第二个字段指明事件标号,在示例中为1234。第三个字段包括全球性频道标号为2。第四个字段指明该事件的花费为50美分。第五和第六字段分别指明起始时间和结束时间分别是上午3:00和下午3:00。第七和第八段表示了相应起始和结束日期,分别指明为1993年8月25日和1993年8月27日。字段九指明P-图符为图形文件。最后,字段十和十一指明选出事件的名称和描述,在本例中为“Sesame Street”和“Bamey”。表C示出第二个有关事件数据示例的数据串包括了有关“Terminator 4”(商标)的类似信息,其第一字段指明为按观看收费的事件。
表C事件数据示例1’1234’2’50’03:00:00’15:00:00’08/25/93’08/27/93’pbs.pcx.2’1234’2’50’20:00:00’22:00:00’08/25/93’08/25/93’?4.pcx’Ter-minator 4摘要
该节目控制信息讯号(以及STTCIS)可以多种方式形成而且屏幕上的菜单和可由许多不同方式生成。例如,若节目控制信息讯号未载有菜目单格式的信息,则生成该菜单格式可以在机顶终端的存储器中完成。此方法使得节目控制信息讯号可以较少信息但却具有起码的灵活性,因为菜单格式不能没有实际的与只读存储器的交换而被改进。
为了限制需要传送节目控制信息信号的带宽,可以使用外视频压缩技术,例如分组编码,轮廓编码,且编码以及行程编码。进而,节目控制信息信号可包括分为本文和图形,或视频,文字内容和图形的数据,并将其在机顶终端200处用文字内容生成器,图形解压缩装置和视频解压缩装置进行再合成。
驱动节目选择系统的菜单最好能让订户通过用遥控器900控制光标移动的方法巡视一系列的项目单,从而选择一个节目。在这些项目单中心最后选择将识别一个特定的频道以及激发该频道的时间。有了频道及时间、机顶终端220便可在电视上为观众播放选定的节目。为达此目的,一个简单的实施方案将一个智能字母数字码分配给每个节目,该字目数字码识别出节目的类别,应该显示的节目菜单,其传输时间、以及应播放的节目的项目单上处的位置。
在最佳实施方案中,该菜单格式信息存在机顶终端220的暂存器中。这些暂时存储器可以是随机存取存储器(RAM),快速只读存储器(flash ROM),(电可擦可编程序只读存储器EEPROM)或电可编程序只读存储器。EPROM)。本结构提供了理想的项目单格式灵活性,但仍然只有有限量的信息通过节目控制信息信号传到机顶终端,只要每次改变菜单的话。
3.查询
除了菜单格式信息存储在图形存储器628中之外,机顶终端220可存储数据追综已选择播后的节目,通过数据搜集,机顶终端220可以保持有精确的进入/观看的节目,且这些数据存在EEPRM或RAM之中。然后,这些数据可以传送到电缆输入208,用于进行网络控制和监测。在机顶终端220和电缆输入208之间的这种数据传输可以通过例如在电缆网络上或在电话线上的电话调制解调器上的逆向转移完成。当在电缆网络上采用逆向转换传输时,机顶终端220可以按预定或要求完成任何数据传输。
节目进入信息识别观众收看的每个节目被存入每个机顶终端之中,直到网络控制器214在进行信息检索时进行轮询。该信息可由图4a所示的查询请求信息格式920实现。该帧格式924包括6个区段,即:(1)位于信息开始处的一先前标志922,(2)地址字段924,(3)订户区域标记926,(4)机顶终端识别928,它包括查询命令/回答(或P/F)位930,(5)信息段932,以及(6)位于信息结尾处的在后标志934,位于信息的结束之处。
出现在信息段开始处922的八位标志序列,用来建立和保持同步,这一顺序通常包括一个“01111110”的数位串。地址字段924指定一个千位地址给一指定的机顶终端220。订户区域标记926是个千位区段,用于指定安装订户机顶终端的地理位置。该机顶终端标志928则是个16住位字段,通过在15位之后的一个P/F位930,它唯一的识别每个机顶终端。区段的大小只是举例说明,各种尺寸区段均可用于本发明。
P/F位930用于命令对也进入的顶端220的应答进行查询,如以下所述,帧格式920也为其他数据传输(例如系统更新信息)提供可变长度信息区段932。帧格式920结束在一个8位标志(或在后标志934)处,该标志与先前标志922的格式相同,其他帧格式也可略作修改后用于本发明的系统。
采应任何这样的查询请求信息格式,网络控制器214对每一机顶终端220进行询问。机顶终端220由一个唯一的地址和机顶终端标志所识别。机顶终端最好只在网络控制器214给定位传输时才将信息和消息传给网络控制器214。
例如,由于先前查询而寻找到特定节目的情况下,机顶终端220被允许将一个具有状态报告(它包括存取信息)格式的查询响应进行发送。这些状态报告通常包括允许网络控制器214追踪一个订户的节目的信息。
图4b示明了一个帧格式920’的实例,该帧格式为一在查询周期间从一个机顶终端220接收到的状态报告。该帧格式与查轮询请求信息格式相同且有类似的标号。
信息段932为可变长度,从而将节目的未定号的状态(即,节目1-N通常在929中指出)可以包括在该帧之中。在由一给定的机顶终端220的查询响应之后,控制信息的长度随已进入节目的数量而增加。
传输过程中,P/F位930用来完成查询。具体讲,P/F位930设置为“1”位置以命令来自机顶终端220的轮询响应。机顶终端的地址则在该帧中识别,该响应包括进入一节目数量以及它们的相应事件标志号,如图4b和929所示,在机顶终端220由于先前的查询周期而未进入节目的情况下,机顶终端220将P/F位930置于“1”位而予响应,且节目进入块指示0节目进入。
在两个查询周期中,节目控制信息继续为机顶终端提供菜单信息。在最简单实施方案中,菜单保持不变而只要文本变化。如此,节目控制信息信号可限于主要文本及文本生成器可用在机顶终端220中。最简单实施方案使机顶终端的成本保持很低而限制节目控制信息的带宽在必要的范围之内,其他简单实施方案使用分离的频道时(大宽度)只是为了菜单信息。
4.传送推销的视频
如下所述,现视频讯号可用在某些菜单的窗口中,这些视频讯号可用控制信息或传送或从菜单显示同时传送的频道中取消。若该视频讯号从一频道中取消,更少的信息会由节目控制信息讯号传送,虽然采用这种技术需要使用分离的解压缩硬件以便让节目控制信息和频道载有该视频,但本实施方案提供给系统最大的灵活性,因此是最好的一个分离的解压缩器,还有助于保证从菜单到电视节目的转换很顺利地进行,并且没有任何明显的时延。
有关主菜单标志,或促销或示范的视频可以这几种格式送往机顶终端220,包括(1)在一定的频道,(2)在一常规节目频道和定标的尺寸,以及(3)与一节目控制信息讯号一起,但是在最佳实施方案中,一些标志及统计视频可由屏幕分割技术在一给定的频道上传送,如以下所述。
5.机顶终端
图5a示出了一个数字压缩机顶终端的硬件电路框图。机顶终端包括译码器600、调谐器603,数字解调器606,信号分离器609,以及音频设备612与614,图5a还包括一个用于接收和处理来自遥控器900的遥控接口626,调制解调器627用于在微处理器602和电缆端头201(图5a未示出)之间进行通讯。一个NTSC编码器625位于NTSC视频输出端。
微处理器602可以执行存在存储器中的指令。这些指令允许用户通过遥控器900进行选择而进入不同的菜单。这些存取菜单及进行其他功能指令如下所述。
视频压缩解码以及从节目控制讯号生成菜单的方法取决于具体的实施方案,但是最少要用一个可以视频信号进行解压缩的视频解压缩装置。基本的菜单格式信息可以存在图形存储器628(它可是ROM,NON-VOLATILE RAM,EPROM,或EEPROM 620)中。若压缩的图形被使用,则需用使用第二个解压缩装置622以生成图形菜单,在一个未示出的实施方案中,使用了一个分离的解压缩装置对节目控制信息讯号进行合成。该节目控制信息可分为三个主要部分进行发送,这三部分分别为压缩的视频供显示(或视频定位信息),压缩图形,以及文本。在节目信号被分离成为分量之后,视解压缩频装置618,图形解压缩装置622,文本生成器(在图5 b的623处)和视频合成器624用来帮助生成菜单。
图5b示出了机顶终端220的另一实施例图。在图5a中展示的同样部件在图5b中出现时采用了同样的标号(即调谐器603,调制解调器617,NTSC编码器625等等)图5b也展示了一个扩展卡接口617,用于使包含有其他特征的扩展卡(未示出)可插入其中,所示的误差检测电路607在对信号进行分离之前接收解调的信号。存储器610微处理器602相连,图5b也示出了信号分离器609,译码器600以及视频解压缩装置618。
改进模件500的部件(与基解压缩装置520)展示在图5B中,在该模件中包括一个视频、图形和文字信号分离器510,一个文件、图形和视频合成器515,一个图形解压缩装置525以及一个图形存储器530。该图形存在存储器530中且最好是可是长压缩的。但是,其他已知的压缩图形的方法亦可用于本发明。
生成的菜单和视频在视频合成器515中合成,其后输出到一个无抽头编码器619,任何先有技术的无抽头编码方法均可用于本发明。
图6a和图6b示出了机顶终端220的前视图及后视图。机顶终端220的前面板包括一个红外传感器630和若干发光二极管640可用一个标志或字符(例如A-K)指出机顶终端220出现在选择的主要项目单或由一用户直接选择的频道,或者项目频道选择(即从1到50)当订户观看(或倾听)主项目单中的节目时,该显示将一直保持。
发光二极管640最好可指示解压缩误差,或处理错误及其他错误。文件信息可由发光二极管640可由用户制定以显示时间,节目频道,启道、时间、音量大小、睡觉时间、锁定(安全性)帐户馀款、硬件改进的使用、录像记录的第二频道,在另一房间中使用的(1)由于音乐硬件改进,以及其他用于订户指出机顶终端220当前状态的显示。
发光二极管640还提供当前调谐的数字音频频道的指示。根据这显示特性,订户可以使用数字音频特性而无须启动电视。信号源及选定的输出(即订户的另一音频系统,录像机等)可被显示。当然发光二极管比较理想,但其他显示技术,例如阴极射线管或光电二极管亦可用本发明。
该机顶终端220包括一个档板开口635,它处于其前部以使磁带(或其他类的便携存储设备,包括光盘,ROM,ERPOM等)可以由此插入。该开口635使机顶终端220得以由磁性或光存储设备对其进行改进或重新编程。
机顶终端220的顶部是按钮控制645。按钮控制645最好与遥控器900一样。任何可以由遥控器900完成的功能也应该通过按钮控制645而予完成。
图6b示出了机顶终端220的后视图。它包括输入及输出端口。该输入/输出端口包括一对输出端子650,一对输入端子652,一对立体声/音频输出端子654,一个卫星接收天线输入端口656,一个电视插座658以及一个RS422端口660。输出端子650之一用于电视而另一个则用于录像机。机顶终端220采用输入端子652来处理电缆的输入讯号。电话插座658和RS-232或RS-422端6660来维护、故障索找、重编程及其他用户特性。在另一实施方案中,电话插座可作为电缆端头208和机顶终端220之进行通讯的主要模式。这一连接可由本地电报、移动电话或其他个人通信网络(PCN)完成。
每个机顶终端220的基本程序可置入其中的ROM里。RAM磁带以及扩展插卡635使得机顶终端220的升级及改变极为容易。
在最佳实施方案中,机顶终端220包括如图6B所示的硬件更新端口662以及扩展插卡665。每一扩展插卡665由一金属盖板664所覆盖。硬件更新端口662为(1)误差校正,将机顶终端220的输出译码,(2)控制接口,(3)机顶终端220的解压缩视频输出和(4)视频输出端口。提供一个四线(或更多)连接在最佳实施方案中,采用多线以实现以上四个功能,尤其是,四线连接由一个多针连接器合成为一根电缆。
在最佳实施方案中,多针连接可用于多线电缆。多针连接662可以涵盖DB9到DB25。可以提供多种小型计算机系统界面(SCST)。另一个可能是提供至少四个端口而代替一个单独端口662。端口662也可连接不同硬件升级装置到机顶终端220上。
最佳实施方案中有五种硬件升级装置可供机顶开关使用的,包括(1)A级互动单元,(2)B级互动单元,(3)C级互动单元,它具激光磁盘的能力,(4)D级数字音频调谐器,用于其他房间,以及(5)E级信息下载单元,所有这些单元均可通过升级端口662连到机顶终端220。
机顶终端220中心存储器用来存储菜单的图形和文本分量。具体而言,背景、图标、菜单显示以及光标图形文件可长期、中期及短期存储起来。
由亚特兰大科技公司(Scientific-Atlanta)或通用仪器公司(General Instruments)创造的转换器现在还不能处理本发明的菜单选择系统。因此,必须进行硬件修改以便现有的机顶终端器技术可以使用本发明的菜单选择系统。
6.加速卡
图7示出了加到机顶终端中心加速卡。加速卡700提供了附加功能以便使现有的机顶终端可使用本发明的菜单系统。加速卡700加到了机顶终端中的主要功能是对节目控制信息讯号进行解释,生成菜单,为菜单定序,最终使观众可以通过菜单系统而无需输入任何频道认别信息的可选择一个频道。加速卡700还提供远地定位方法(例如电缆端头208),以便在观看的节目上接收信息并控制加速卡700及机顶终端转换器221的操作。观看的节目信息和控制命令可从电缆端头208通过电话线718传送到加速卡700。
加速卡700的主要部件是一个个人计算机中央处理器芯片,一个自动增益控制图形控制器704,一个视频合成器706,逻辑电路708,NTSC编码器710,接收机712,解调器714,以及一个拨号器716。这些部件最好位于一个电路卡之中。
加速卡700有两个来自室外的连接:(1)电话连接718,最好有一个RJ11C插座以便与电缆端头208通信,(2)一个标准的同轴电缆输入720,除此之外,加速卡必须电连接到机顶转换器221。该连接最好由具有至少四针的带状电缆连接。
机顶转换器221和加速卡700之间传送包括数据和红外线命令。视频的输入和到机顶转换器221的输出最好由75欧姆同轴电缆。在最终实施方案中,遥控器900的红外线命令通过了机顶转换器传送到加速卡700。在加速卡予以解释和修改之后,红外线命令通过编带电缆传送回机顶转换器221,加速卡从机顶转换器221接收视频信号。经处理后再由NTSC编码器710以NTSC格式返回到机顶转换器221。该加速卡亦可生成图形,该图形通过NTSC编码器710传送到机顶转换器201。
加速卡700尽可能的利用机顶转换器的能力并避免有相同的部件,例如加速卡700采用了机顶转换器的调谐器而避免再用另一个调谐器而增加的费用。
个人计算机中央处理机芯片702用来控制加速卡700的部件。该芯片702还用来进行数据库管理、收费记录及数据记录。该芯片702用的一个例子是IC PC/Chip F8680E,该芯片是由Chips & TechnologiesCorproation生产的,该公司位于Zanker Road,San Jose,CA 95134,电话为(408)434-0066该芯片702是一与IBM PCT相等同的单片,所有外围设备可通过工业标准结构(ISA)总线与该芯片接口。加速卡中的存储器可以是EPROM(包括BIOS有程序)用于本实施方案中。两个BIOS程序(PC芯片BIOS及自动增益控制器BIOS)是PROM中存储的主要内容。该EPROM还包括一个C硬盘驱动器。该硬盘驱动器与提供装置“引导”标准系统的个人计算器的硬盘驱动器类似。该DRAM可扩展到4兆位。该存储器的大部分在加速卡700被启动后用作为RAM驱动。
视频合成器706用来合成图形控制704产生的RGB(红绿蓝)视频和来自机顶转换器221的视频。用于本发明的视频合成器706可以是Integrated Circuit System,Inc.公司创造的IC GENLOCK。该公司位于2626Van Buren Avenue,P.O.Box 968 Valley Forge.PA19482,电话(215)666-1900。
NTSC编码器710用于将RGB和同步信号转换成可由电视722使用的NTSC格式讯号。在另一实施方案中,同步讯号被消除了。该NTSC编码器710可以采用Rohm公司制造的编码器,型号为BA723OLS。该公司位于3034 Owen Drive,Jackson Business Park,Antioch,TN37013,电话(615)641-2020。
加速卡可以是一块装在机顶转换器221中的板子,或使用插入机顶转换器221中。所示实施方案中采用的是一个双音多频(DTMF)拨号器716来启动电话传输。本发明采用的DTMF可以是由Cali-fornia Micro Devices生产的ICDTMF传输接收器CM888。该公司位于2000W.14th,Street,Tempe,AZ 85287电话(602)921-4541。这种接口使用DTMF音调或脉冲拨号,进行电话连接。相同的DTMF,音调用于起动电话,将芯片702的数据逆向传移到网络控制器214或操作中心。该逆向位移数据可包括订购,记录及观赏信息。图7所示的实施方案可加以修改以便将信息逆向位移通过同轴电缆720传到电缆端头208,而无需电话线。
从功能上讲,加速卡接收通过同轴电缆720从电缆端头208传来的节目控制信息讯号。在经过射频接收机712,正交相键控(QPSK)解调器714以及一个高分辨率电感电容(HDLC)接收机722处理之后PC芯片702使用该节目控制信息信号,接收机712对于108兆赫固定频率传送的数据进行解调。特别是,该加速卡接收108兆赫兹的移频键控(FSK)载波信号可进行解调。该载波信号的数据库为56千位。在优选实施方案中,采用的是1.5兆赫兹的移频键控信号。
一旦收到这些信号,便将其内容存在卡的数据库中。每个信号的内容通常按同步数据并控制(SDLC)格式分配。也可采用例如HDLC的其他格式。HDLC/SDLC接收机处理108兆赫移频键控解调信号或来自正相交键控解调器714的信号,在处理过程中,提供同步进入HDLC/SDLC接收机的时钟和日期。该HDLC/SDLC接收机722将数据流送出芯片702以供存储。存储的数据组成形成了数据文件和其他信息的基础,这些信息已经从电缆端头208装入加速卡700之中了。
自动增益放大(VGA)控制器704用于生成新图形。该控制器可采用Tseng Labs的产品ET4000-144。该控制器704是一个工业标准VGA控制器芯片,它用了附加的512千位动态存储器(即VRAM),由此可以形成一有256色象景(640×480的分辨率)的完整画面。该VGA控制器704接收来自GSP 500合成器706的点时钟。GSP 500合成器706接收来自任何NTSC视频信号的同步信号,而NTSC视频信号是由机顶转换器221提供的。特别是GSP 5090合成器706从每个NTSC中去除视频信号因这信息,用其生成每个由VGA控制器704使用的点时钟。由这一方法,GSP 500合成器706将VGA控制器704和进入的NTSC格式化电缆信号同步起来。这一同步使VGA图形在用户电视上单独显示或与NTSC视频一起显示。
在优选实施方案中,逻辑块被增强以便利用来自机顶转换器221的其他部分抽取出来同步信号。这种信号使VGA控制器704直接通过一些附加电路而与同步信号进入同步。在本实施例中,GSP500合成器706将VGA的点时钟相经锁定到NTSC时钟,以求实现同步。
加速卡700的逻辑电路从机顶转换器221接收数据,红外线命令以及同步指示。当加速卡完成处理且修改IR命令时,它将命令返回到机顶转换器221进行进一步处理。在适当时候,VGA控制器704生成菜单屏幕图形与视频合成器的视频合成。该项目单具有视频且为RGB格式,它被NTSC编码器710编码成为标志的NTSC格式。
RGB到NTSC编码器710提供了图形和视频的重叠。该编码器710利用了两个信号:(1)NTSC视频信号和(2)模拟RGB信号。RGB信号来自VGA控制器704。依象索列象素基准,编码器710可以选择以NTSC或RGB信号格式将其输出送至电视屏幕。这使得单独在屏幕上显示的图形或与NTSC视频一起显示的图形是以象素为基准的。
加速卡的逻辑被定制以便将芯片702接口到CFT 2000或亚特兰大科技公司(Scienti-fic-Atlanta8600)转换器。该逻辑包括扫描键座(未示出)的能力及从转换器的遥控器接收红外命令的能力。键座位于机顶转换器221中用于键入。任何键入及命令都产生送往芯片702要应用软件处理的信号与之类似,加速卡700能够模拟一系列的红外命令并将其送往其他机顶转换器。从而允许芯片702用其本身的软件来控制转换221。
菜单可由观众在遥控器900上生成。该菜单由转换器的红外辐射(IR)设备接收并传送到加速卡700。加速卡700的软件解释该红外信号并确定观众选择的节目(菜单)。节目选择信息由在对红外命令进行修改后加速卡的软件送到机顶转换器221。修改后的红外命令包括机顶转换器221所需的频道信息。
7.菜单编排以及定序
图8示出了节目菜单系统的基本结构。虽然以上采用了“菜单”一词,但其可被视作限定区域或编制的种类。第一系列的菜单为介绍菜单1000,家庭菜单1010,主菜单1020,子菜单1050。这些项目单执行订户的节目选择输入。节目期间菜单1300提供用户在节目选定并播演之后的其他特性。节目期间菜单,隐式菜单或节目重叠菜单。菜单顺序及每个单的结构已经被这样一种设计概念所确定,即订户无需将其视线挪离电视。电缆电视的控制人员可以吸引订户的全部注意力。
介绍菜单屏幕1000在供电并启动机顶终端220时自动出现。该屏幕1000提供重要信息或通告,此外,菜单1000亦可用于通知订户有个人或一组信息可供观看,然后订户可以用适当的键在观看介绍菜单时进入个人或成组信息。由于介绍菜单1000必须为每一订户收看,所以它也有机会让电缆电视的提供者播放广告。
在介绍菜单1000之后,订户通常会进到基地菜单屏幕1010,该屏幕1010是一个基本菜单。订户可以从中做出第一级的收看决定(订户也可以稍后回到这菜单)。从该菜单,订户可以进入所有的电视节目选择。有些电视节目选择可以通过移动屏幕上的光标而予完成。其他选择可以直接用遥控器900的按钮选择实现,或屏幕上的选择或遥控器900直接进入的共同完成。
在一般通过菜单选择的过程中,订户进入一个主菜单屏幕1020,该屏幕与直接遥控器900的选择或来自基地菜单屏幕1010的选择相关。基地菜单1010上的选择有大量节目选择种类,因此主菜单1020允许订户对电视节目进行更为详尽的检索。
在主菜单1020之后,订户将被导向至少一个子菜单屏幕1050。订户可从中选择一个特定节目收看,对大多数节目选择而言,用户将从基地菜单1010进入主菜单1020,然后进入至少一个菜单1050,但是,对于机顶终端220的功能或其种节目选择而言,用户完全可以跳过至少一个主菜单1020。在另一实施例中,介绍菜单将为用户提供在订户的有线电视帐户上直接存取信息而无需逐个菜单前进到该项目。
图8所示的菜单系列是标准格式,但其他顺序也是可以的。比如可以建立这样一个系列顺序:供电时是有包括重要信息的介绍菜单,然后是基地菜单1010(它有主要节目种类),介绍项目单则作为许多菜单驱动选择处理的实施方案的基础。
跳进菜单顺序不仅可能且有时是需要的。有一个简单的替换实施方案中,可以把基地菜单1010和介绍菜单1000结合成为一个可实现两者功能的菜单。本发明领域的技术人员很清楚家庭项目单和介绍项目单可以某些方法进行互换或分享。也可能使用户在直接从介绍菜单1000跳至子菜单1050。这可以轻易的用单独的直接进入遥控器900的按钮的方法而予实现。一般而言,用户可以通过执行子菜单1050进入电视节目。
节目期间菜单1300(图9a中作为隐菜单1380和节目重叠菜单1390)只是在订户选择了电视节目之后才由机顶置终端220制定。这些菜单为在观看一个选定节目的用户提供了附加功能和/或附加信息。
图9a示出了用户进行电视节目选择的一个实施方案。图9b示出了更多的主菜单1020包括1043,1044,1046和1048,它们可在本发明中使用。图9a和图9b示出了介绍菜单1000和其后的基地菜单1010是最佳的屏幕显示顺序,如图9a所示,基地菜单提供对于至少10个主菜单(1022,1024,1026,1028,1030,1032,1034,1036,1038和1040)的选择。当从基地菜单中选择主菜单1020这一类别时,它将提供进一步的节目以供选择。每个菜单为一特定的观众群体所制定。根据可供选择的节目数量,主菜单1020或者将主菜单分为多个子类别,或者为订户提供通路进入某特定节目的信息。
例如儿童节目的主菜单1024根据用户选择的而提供了一个子目录表1052。当选择了子目录之时,通常在方框1050处出现一个子菜单,列出节目选择,在这些节目选择中向观众展现子目录。当在子项目单1050中选择了一个特定节目时,观众可到一个第二子菜单1054,它用来描述用户自动控制的节目。从这个菜单中,用户可以确认其节目选择并从机顶终端220的软件中接收一个确认子菜单1056。
为避免打搅观众观赏节目,采用了隐式菜单1380,它没有出现在观众面前而是位于机顶终端220的微处理器中,隐式菜单1380并不影响选择的节目的音频。该微处理器在执行或显示任何隐式菜单选择之前等待按钮输入。该隐式菜单1380为订户提供附加的功能,例如输入互动式或退出选定的节目。
节目重叠菜单1390(与菜单1380类似)用节目播放时间。但是节目重叠菜单1390是叠加在部分电视屏幕上而非隐式。该节目重叠菜单1390使用户可以连续观赏选下的电视节目而可得到其他信息置于部分电视屏幕上(音频不受影响),大部分重叠只是变离很少部分屏幕,从而使观众可以仍然舒适的观赏其选下的节目。其他的节目更为重要的重叠可占用较大部分的屏幕。在最佳实施方案中,某些节目重叠菜单1390减少或按比例缩小整个节目的视频叠重新将该视频分配到屏幕的一部分。
再看图9a图9b,由于利用压缩格式的数字信号,高清晰度率电视节目1032也可通过菜单系统提供,此外由于机顶终端220有两个方式与电缆输入208通信,通过机顶终端220生成的返回信号有可能提供互动电视节目,与之类似,系统也可支持要求的电影1042和1048,并确认订购(如方框1060所示)。在1042和1048处,用户可以通过机顶终端220与一个自动设备通讯,以订购存在该设备中的电影。这些特征(高清晰度电视,互动电视和需求的电影)在专利申请用于有线电视发送系统的机顶终端中有详细叙述。该专利申请相的受理人在1993年11月__________________日提交。
使用这屏幕上和无需看着遥控器的菜单方式进行节目选择,可为订户显示传送的信息质量是几乎无限制可显示给观众使用,又易于通过遥控器900移动光标和为机顶终端220实现一个用户接口软件程序只会发现许多根据优选实施方案的改型或变化。
8.菜单定序软件
图10是一流程图,用来表明对菜单定序的程序。当机顶终端220启动时,执行一个启动程序890。然后在891处进行误差检测。892处完成介绍项目子程序。该子程序显示介绍菜单然后微处理器602等待输入893。
在程序的基地菜单部分897,用户可以选择一个主菜单,然后开始由程序898的显示顺序。订户亦可在遥控器900上菜单选择按钮而接去一个主菜单,而微处理器将接往所选择的菜单子程序896。
一旦订户选择了主菜单,微处理器将执行适当的子程序(如方框898所示)。每次显示后微处理器602等待订户的选择(如框899所示)。
在显示主菜单1020并由订户接收到选择节目之后,将为一个子目录的子菜单1050。微处理器602再次等待订户的输入。输入之后,执行一个显示节目表子菜单的程序,接收到另选择之后微处理器602执行下一程序以显示一个节目描述子菜单。此后,如果有重叠菜单或隐式菜单,微处理器执行适当的子程序并显示这些菜单。
继续参见图10,在主菜单898中选择菜单期间的任何时刻订户还可以接下另一菜单按钮以进入一个第二栏子项程序(由主菜单2,3等表示的栏目)。如此,一个订户可以从一个主菜单移到另一项菜单,此外一个用户可以随时在遥控器900上接一基地菜单按钮返回到基地菜单897。
微处理器602执行的各种子程序可使订户观看本发明的各种菜单。用户可以通过单按序返回,或在遥控器900按一下基地菜单按钮而返回到基地菜单897。所有这些功能有助于增加系统用户的友好性。
图11a,11b和11c为对菜单定序的另一实例图。该方式涉及分离的定序逻辑,它用于(1)菜单系统进入,(2)按观看收费电视系统和选择,以及(3)菜单和按观看收费电视导航和选择。
图11a示出了系统进入的定序。当进入系统时显示一个介绍屏幕1100只要在遥控器900或在机顶终端的袖珍键盘645上任意按键,该介绍屏幕即可消逝。介绍屏幕还有一个定时器从而在一特定时间区段之后该屏幕1100将消逝,而无论用户按按键与否。
显示节目的基地菜单1104随后出现,该屏幕显示一组节目目录。该目录可用光标加重条单独选中(如判定框1108)所示。订户有能力从一个目录移到下一个目录,只需使用上、下频道转换键。此外,观众或订户可选择退出菜单系统或选择目录。当选择一个特定的目录时,将显示一个主菜单(与图9a和9b所示的主菜单类似)。观众从这菜目单中进行目录选择。该选择涉及收费电视网络(即NBC、CBS、ESP-NTM等)或按观看收费电视节目1112。
若订户选择一个不按观看收费的电视网1110,将显示网络子菜单1114,该子菜单1114包括一个不按观看收费电视风络标记的方格或陈列,订户可以用上、下频道转换键从一个标记联到另一图标(判别框1116所示)。订户也可以退出先前的网络子菜单1114或返回基地菜单。若选择了一个特定的网络,订户的机顶终端将调谐到该特定网络。网络标志或图标在屏幕上闪烁以反馈给正在进行选择的订户。从网络子菜单1114中,订户可用上、下频道转换键快速通过网络频道系统,在该处理过程中的任意时刻,订户可以退出1122而回到网络子菜单1114。
除了从特定主菜单中选择特定网络之处,订户也可选择按观看收费电视节目1112。若订户从主菜单选择一个收费电视节目,收费电视节目表将作为子菜单1122显示,订户可以从该子项目录1122中选择一个特定的按观看收费电视标题1124。菜单定序逻辑将根据选择而变化(如方框1126所示)。
图11b示出了按观看收费电视节目选择的菜单定序逻辑图。如图11b所示,一旦选定了收费电视节目标题(方框1126),项目单系统确定是否标题先前已被订购过(1128),若没有,则显示付费屏幕1130。该节目的描述及开始时间,该节目的费用及预演的时间将提供给观众,订户可选择订购该节目,若订户不订购该节目,则重新显示收费电视节目标题。
当按观看收费电视节目已为订购或已经选择了一个已付费的节目时,将显示一个“谢谢”标志1132。该标志1132提供选择的节目的名字以及该节目被实际标志为一个付费节目之前还有多少预演时间。该标志1132还有一个定时器以便在一预定时间(例如30秒)之后自动消除该标志。另一方面,订户可以按任意钮马上消除该标志1132。该标志1132去除后,系统检查是否在收费电视事件选择时播放间隙资料(方框134)。若节目正在进行,系统清除时间到事件标志,且机顶终端220将返回到节目频道(观赏节目1145)。此外,系统确定是否当展示间隙资料与有宣传频道1136的连接。
若该事件的宣传频道连接存在,则机顶终端将调到宣传频道(框1138)随后,将显示一具指示节目名称及还有多长时间开始的标志。在节目开始时,机顶终端220将调到节目频道1145。换言之,如没有指定宣传频道连接,机顶终端220将调至节目的频道1140显示到下一个标志1140的间隙时间。
在处理过程中,订户可选择在任意时刻退出节目(1142),只要按一个删除键即可完成此功能。在节目播放期间,系统将不断检测节目1144是否结束了。当节目还在播映时,机顶终端220将调至节目的频道1145且所有标志将消除。系统将继续观察该节目,通过间隙和宣传频道连接循环而予循环,直至节目结束或退出。一旦节目结束或用户退出节目,将显示退出通告和最终的“谢谢”标志。
图11c是按观看收费电视选择的另一序列。它开始于判别框1126当收费电视节目标题选定后菜单系统确定是否该节目以前已被订购,正如上述收费电视选择处理那样,当订购1151或以前的付款时,系统再次显示谢谢标志1152,并确定是否播放间隙资料(1154)。若间隙资料(即广告)在节目频道上播放,指出下一节目时间的标志将生成并置于电视屏幕1160上。当节目进行时,系统清除时间到事件标志1156且机顶终端200被调谐至适当的节目频道,另一指示节目名字及还有多长时间开始的以及该节目被播放标志将被显示1158。
系统软件将一直循环直到节目结束1162或订户退出节目1164。系统再次开始检测节目是否结束或进入结束。订户还可以在任何时候按一个删除键退出节目。当结束进入或退出节目时,退出通告及最终的谢谢标志1166将显示出来。
9.加速卡软件
图12a展示了加速卡软件流程图1600,它实现了菜卡序列(单实线为主程序流程而虚线为调用程序)。如图12a所示,加速卡用了七个软件程序,它们是:(1)进入有线电视模式1602,(2)菜单系统1604,(3)电程序引导1606,(4)预演型1608,(5)YCTV1610,(6)应用循环1612,以及(7)文件管理程序1614。图12b到12g图示了每个软件程序的详细说明。
图12b详细展示了加速卡软件1600的启动和正常运行模式。该图示出了用户选择任何功能或菜单选择之前的软件流程。该图的第一分框1616指示了启动程序,然后是非遥控900的手持键1618的程序部分。该非变换步骤使的遥控900上,以前输入的末键被禁止,然后该软件进入有线电视模式1620,随后便是击键循环1617。击键循环1617中的键入子程序1622自转直到击键进入(如方框1622所示)。
在输入击键之后,检查是否已输入菜单击键,若已进入菜单击键,则退出击键循环1617。系统调到频道1626,重新变换手持键到新选择(在1628),并将旧菜单作为当前菜单装入(1630)。然后,通过软件流程进入点G(图12c)启动文件管理程序软件。
若输入一个字母数字或数码键而非菜单键,则击键循环1617继续数字键进入序列1625。该程序将选定键送往机顶终端1634,它将程序再次放入键输入自转1622。在只有第一数字进入时(方框1636),一个数字定时器将被启动(方框1638)且该程序返回键输入自转1622。但是,若输入两个数字,则数字定时器被清零(1640)而且将处于暂停1642。然后,选择的频道号码将由软件汇编(框1644)并与可供选择的那些频道比较,以确定频道号码的有效性(方框1646)。一旦一个有效频道号码也被选择,该程序将频道送到机顶终端220(方框1648),从而将击键循环程序1617返回到键输入自转1622直到输入另一键入。与之相反,若频道号码无效,则机顶终端软件将回到循环而不把频道送到转换器220本身。
图12c展示了总菜单绘图程序1604(图12a的),它用于执行图形用户的接口。该程序1604开始于绘当前菜单子程序的启动(方框1650)。键入循环1651和键输入自转一直用到键输入进入(方框1652)。当选定菜单键时(1654),击键循环1615将顶置菜单1656作为当前菜单装入且绕绘制当前菜单子程序(1650)循环。若菜单键未选中,该击键循环1651确定是否已选择了光标上移键(判别框1658)。
若频道或光标上移键已选中,则击键循环1651将光标上移到选择1660并返回到键输入自转1652。但是,在没有选择频道或光标上移键时,击键循环1651检测是否选择了频道下移键(方框1662)。若下移频道键已选中,程序将屏幕1664上的光标向下移动并返回到键输入自转1652。但是,在频道下移键未被选择时,程序确定1666是否订户已进入另一键。若没有,程序返回键输入自转1652。换言之,若已进入击键,当前菜单将作为先前的菜单存起来(方框1668),且程序将计算一个新的当前菜单类型1670。
程序1604最后确定是否该当前菜单类型为电子程序引导型1672,预演型1674或是事件型菜单屏幕1676。若选择了电子程序引导型,则程序启动示于图12d中的绘图电程序引导(EPG)屏幕程序,若预演型菜单被选中,则程序启动图12e所示的预演屏幕程序。若事件型菜单屏幕被选中,图8f所示的购买屏幕软件将被启动。如果所有这些菜单类型屏幕都没选中,程序1604返回绘图当前菜单子程序1650。
图12d图示了电程序引导软件流程1606。该程序1604开始于绘图电程序引导屏幕子程序1680,程序1606执行键输入自转1682,以等待用户键入。当键入时,程序1606进入击键循环1683,其流程类似于上述的键入循环。
然而,与以上所述的键入循环1651不同,这一循环也检测是否选择了减弱音量键1696。若已选择,光标被移到屏幕(1698)的左边,而且程序又进入键输入自转1682。但是,当增加音量键进入时,若光标的上、下、左、右键均未选中,则系统软件确定是否有其他键入(1704)。若事实上已有另一键入,软件就汇编频道号码1706并检测是否选择的频道号码是一个有效的进入(1708)。
当选择了一个键时,程序依次进入数字键进入序列1711,其流程与上述数字键进入序列1625类似。最后,程序从软件流程进入点B处退出返回图12b所示的正常操作模式。
图12e展示了预演屏幕软件流程1608,该程序首先计算总菜单绘图程序流程1650(图12c)期间选择的预演型项目单屏幕中的当前预演屏幕1724。然后程序开始绘制屏幕1726并进入键输入循环1728,等待订户的击键输入。该循环一直检测是否屏幕仍然是当前的,如判别框1730所示。
一旦进入一个键(1732),程序进入击键循环1731,它与上述击键循环1651和1683类似。若订户已选择一特定键1744,该程序退出击键循环1731而进入图12c所示的总菜单绘图程序1650。程序1650可由软件流程进入点“1”进入。
图12f展示了生成购买屏幕1610的软件,该软件在图12c所示的程序1610的一个事件型节目选择之后开始启动。为了生成购买屏幕,程序先开始扫瞄用于授权的购买表1750,然后确定是否订户选择的事件已为订购(1752)。若该事件已售出,程序间显示“加入事件屏幕”1754,且程序进入输入循环1756。
一旦进入一个键(1758),程序确定是否与该键对应的事件可用(1760)。若该事件不可用,程序返回图12c所示的总菜单绘图程序。在那一程序的“H”处进入程序1650。但是,若该事件可用,软件寻找频道号码(1762)并将该号码送至机顶终端220,如框1674所示,该程序最后进入图12b所示的正常运行模式,它开始于框1616和1618之间。
若已选好了事件而尚未购置正如方框1752,则程序会设立一个购置屏幕,显示于1766。程序接着输入击键循环1769,该循环与上述的击键循环1651、1683及1731相似,程序1610然后会决定是否已选择菜单型1784。
若已选好了菜单型,程序就从软件流程进入点“H”处进入总项目单绘图软件1680(示于图12c)。如果没有选择项目单型(1784),程序确定是否由红外命令或键盘输入进入一个键(1826),若程序确定是否已选购了事件(17),若一事件已售出,谢谢屏幕将显示(1788),且软件重新进入键入循环程序1756,等待确定是否该事件可用于节目选择。
图12g图示了实用循环软件(示于图12a的1612处),该软件1612是一个连续执行的子程序,它监测频道改变并确定是否订户已在该频道上超过30秒(如判别框1800所示)。当订户已在该频道上超过30秒时,实行暂停且该程序打开标志进入1802。该程序最后指示订户已在该频道上超过30秒钟并关闭标志进入1804,程序然后设定第一出现1806。
当订户未在该频道上超过30秒,程序1612确定是否频道改变是第二出现1808。若频道改变确定是第二出现,标志进入被打开(1810)且指出该出现。但是,若频道改变不是第二出现,程序1612确定是否有时间将任何标志或购买数据送回到电缆端头208(方框1812)。若该时间存在,程序形成一个标志数据和未报告的售出的音调阵列(1841),然后调用电缆端头208(方框1816)。若将标志或购买数据送回电缆端头208的时间不够,程序调用电缆端头208(1818)并启动文件管理程序(如图12h所示)。
一旦电缆端头208被调用,程序1612确定是否传送成功(1820)。若传送不成功,调用文件管理程序1612(方框1818)。否则,清除标志并将标记的事件报告到电缆端头208(方框1822)。完成这一处理后,程序调用下述的文件管理程序并确定是否新的数据库可用(1824)。
若新的数据库可用,程序进入正常运行模式(图12b中开始于1616),不然,程序确定是否由红外命令或键盘输入进入一个键(1826)。若已输入一个键,程序在退出程序1612之前读出键(1828)。若未键入,程序1612退出。
图12h图示了文件管理程序的软件流程,该软件与订户是透明的,且在背景中运行,并利用电缆端头208装入的文件。这些文件通常包括查询信息,用于命令机顶终端220将售出信息报告给电缆端头208。
在装载处理过程中,程序1614确定是否直接存储存取(DMA)接收已完成(1830)。若其未完成,程序1614退出。否则,程序检测包错误。若在同步数据链路控制程序(SDLC)包中检测到错误,程序1614也退出。若没有检测到错误,程序1614在文件中汇编每个程序包(1834)。
最后,程序1614确定是否文件完整(1836)。若文件不完整,程序退出,若完整,检测文件名字确定是否其为Files.Dat文件(1838)。若不是,程序确定文件是否收到(1840)。若以前收到过,程序1614退出。若没有收到过,程序1614将生成一个新的数据库文件表。若程序发现有Files.Dat文件一致的文件,则确定该文件是否新的Files.Dat(1844)。若不是,程序退出。但如果是的话,程序1614生成一新的数据库文件表(由方框1842表示)。
程序1614然后确定是否所有文件已收到(1896),若确定,一个新的数据库将适用(1850)且程序1614退出。若没有收到所有文件,程序1614仍然退出。
10.项目单屏幕的详细说明
图13到26展示了特定菜单及菜单顺序的例子。图13展示了介绍菜单屏幕1000的例子,该菜单屏幕在订户电视222上显示。该屏幕1000为订户提供三种选择可能。用户可选择常规有线电视(频道2到40,1180)想要观看的节目(如电影)1182,或订户的账户检查1184,其他基本的节目选择也可以出现在介绍菜单屏幕1000中。例如,系统“协助”特性(未示出)也可提供在介绍菜单1000。
在屏幕1000的左上角,有一小窗口可由订户制定。在该窗口中,订户可选择显示当前时间,在右上角,有一个第二制定窗口为用户显示日期。这些窗口很容易制定以使订户显示军事时间、欧洲日期、月份,日期引用,或其他信息消息。该窗口可由订户用屏幕上的菜单显示(在介绍菜单1000之后)由订户制定。
在优选实施方案中,订户有能力进入象常规广播电视,标准有线电视和账户(收费信息)这样的基本频道通过输入频道号码。这些频道是直接来自介绍菜单1000。进而,在最佳实施例中,订户可以直接进入主菜单1020并越过基地菜单屏幕1010。若订户熟悉主菜单1020中的节目选择,可以选择遥控900的图符直接按钮或字母按钮(罗马字符键)直接访问想要的主菜单1020。若不是机顶终端220软件期待的键入,基地菜单1010被放在电视屏幕上。此外,若一段时间后没有从介绍菜单1000进行选择。节目将配在基地菜单屏幕1010中。
图14是一个基地菜单屏幕1010的可用例子,该例子采用了多窗口技术以使菜单用户舒适并提供大量选择。最好一个频道标准1190以及主菜单1020目录都出现在基地菜单1010图符上以供订户选择。可采用多级订购程序,包括“基本”电缆组合及“基本附加”组合。每一订购程序的选择最好给予不同颜色。这将增加本发明的用户友好性。
尤其是,屏幕的左半部用来列出频道号码及如1190所示的最热门现象网络的缩写。右半部则提供1020处显示目录名字列出的各个主菜单1020。
一些主菜单可结合基地菜单实现。按下字母键或图符键,(它们相对于用户希望的节目目录),可由遥控900访问主菜单1020。此外,订户可采用屏幕上的光标选择菜单所示的任意选择。
图14也示出了主菜单1020是如何在基地菜单屏幕1010上进行显示的。当没有空间提供给附加主菜单1020时,订户可以访问基地菜单1010的第二屏幕。例如,在图14中,若附加主菜单1020“J-Z”1191存在,则订户可访问那些菜单,只需通过加重和选择J-Z菜单选择即可(或在遥控900上按J-Z键)。选择J-Z后,将在订户电视上出现第二或扩展的基地菜单屏幕1010。这一项目单然后列出J-Z选择。该选择由名字分别列出。理论上讲,基地菜单1010可有多个扩展的基地菜单屏幕。但是,太多的基地菜单会使一般订户迷惑。
基地菜单1010可修改包括电视屏幕底部的附加特性。例如,选择1192可允许订户访问适用于广播电视的节目选择。很清楚地,基地菜单可有许多变型。
图15示出了基地菜单1010(或在介绍菜单1000之后的菜单)的另一实施方案1193,该例可以仅仅是标准电缆频道的排列。在单独菜单上提供标准电缆排列可使观众在小型电视屏幕上很容易进行选择。
图16是分别在图9a和9b中示出的1042和1048的电影目录的主菜单实例。流行电影目录1048是在观众中流行的新发行电影的目录表。该表每周改变一或两次以保持新发行电影的排名。多窗口技术(例如选择指令1194)用来尽可能增加菜单的用户友好性。
在流行电影菜单1048的优选实施方案中,显示流行电影项目录图符1196和流行电影目录字母A,当前日期和时间显示在项目录背景上的屏幕1197顶部。十个电影选择按照级别1199显示在屏幕1198中间,每一个电影在一个选择时被加重的方框中。在屏幕1194的下部,有图标窗口及其他选择,电影库及回到有线电视,如果订户需要任何特定电影的进一步信息,订户可用光标移动按钮并按“启动”钮选择一个电影。
在另一实施方案(未示出)中,“返回有线电视”选择可变成“返回基地菜单”1010(或返回到其他观众选择)。此外,左上角窗口显示当前时间而右上角窗口显示一个消息,但在上面角落的窗口从菜单到另一菜单基本保持同样位置。菜单和目录的名字通常也可以出现在菜单后幕的顶部和中部。为使菜单具美感,通常是在屏幕中心从左向右给出指令,并以大的可见形式提供选择。此外,在大部分菜单屏幕底部,用户可选择返回常规电视或返回家庭菜单1010。
很重要的是制造用户感觉亲切的接口,这些接口应与菜单一致,并按照一定格式,在不同菜单之间的一致性或格式使订户在遇到新菜单时不会陌生。
其他主菜单可转移到适用的订购服务类型(即,基本服务、基本附加、经济组合,以及单选和精选频道)。这类菜单也可提供推销或广告信息,例如,某一特定订购服务的花费。这些菜单用类似颜色或颜色的浓淡进行分配。例如,基本订购服务是淡粉色。由于订购服务的增加是由可用频道的数量决定的,颜色的浓淡便可相应地增加强度。因此,精选订购服务(单选服务)可是深红色,相对于基本订购服务的淡粉色。
在图17中,显示了电影“Terminator Four”的电影描述子菜单。表明订户可以从流行电影菜单1042中选择一这节目。图17至19展示了在由流行电影主菜单1058中选择了“Terminator Four”之后的子菜单。在图17中,框格1197穿过屏幕顶部并与主菜单1020到节目描述子菜单1058保持一致,为使订户感觉舒适,在另一实施例中,左上窗口可保持不变且显示当前时间,右上角包括指示下一个选中电影的开始时间信息。
为让订户方便地观赏流行电影,提供了同一电影的多个开始时间。为提供多开始时间服务,同一电影必须在多个频道上以交替的开始时间进行播放。例如,若“Terminator Four”长达两小时,它可连续在8个频道上播放,且每个频道的播放时间较前一播放时间延迟15分钟。如此可使订户以15分钟的时间间隔观赏该电影。由于订户不须找到正好开始播放的频道,订户并没有意识到该电影正在8个不同的频道上播放。事实上,用户用子菜单可以几乎轻易地选择正确的频道及播放时间以观赏想像的电影,这个频道选择对用户视不可见的。
机顶终端220可自动确定哪个频道是下一个要开始播放的电影,这可由许多技术实现。例如:机顶装端220有一个内部时钟表示当前时间。机顶终端220将当前时间与多个频道上电影的开始时间做比较。另一方案则是将一个信号和电影一起选到所有频道。该信号将设定,或重新设定一个计数器以提示下一个开演电影的特定频道,本技术领域的专业人员,可认识到其他方法来确定下一个启始时间及可用的选中电影的频道。
图17的电影描述子项目单1058在通常在屏幕顶部中间的窗口1204的标题。多窗口技术用于该菜单中部以显示电子电影的描述;以及帮助订户选择电影的一个或多个视频帧1208。菜单提供的视频窗口1208包括一个静止图像,一个短而重叠的视频剪编,或当前正在任一子菜单显示时间处载有该电影的频道上播放的部分电影。
就在视频窗口1208下面,子项菜单供观看该电影的花费以及电影长度1212(以小时和分钟计)。在视频和描述窗口1208下面是一个附加削除窗口1214,通告订户该电影的发行日。
移到项目单底部,订户具有至少四个选择:(1)订购电影1216;(2)观看该电影预告;(3)返回流行电影菜单1218;和(4)按“启动”键可返回常规电视1220。
图18显示出了由选择“Terminator Four”而衍生来的流行电影菜单序列中的子菜单1060。它显示了确认订户订购该流行电影“Ter-minator Four”。该菜单显示保留了穿过屏幕顶部和底部的方框。菜单1060的另一格式保留了左上方窗口中的当前时间,顶部中间窗口的标题,以及右窗口中的下一电影开始时间。
在子菜单1060中间是用于静止或移动视频的视窗1228。如1230处所示,子菜单为订户提供了两个屏幕上的选择:返回一般电视或加入已在播映的电影“Terminator Four”。子菜单1060的另一实例中,用户可以直接返回基地菜单屏幕1010。
当电影开始时间到了时,机顶终端200自动转入正确频道播放电影“Terminator Four”但是图19展示了一个通告子菜单1061,通知用户节目选择开始(即向下计时到起始时间)。利用子菜单1061,机顶终端220在从一个观看的频道转到一个先前选择的节目频道之前,提醒订户,通告子菜单1061在机顶终端220改变观赏频道之前为用户提供大约至少一分钟时间。
该通告子菜单1061还允许订户取消电影订购。图19中,订户在屏幕中间被通知(1234)可以在头5分钟内取消订购。另一个规则是由订户按退出的取消订购的电影而无须付费。通告子菜单1061则在屏幕的右上部分通知订户的起始时间(1236)。
通告子菜单的另一实例(未示出)还使用一个简单的3窗口菜单,在屏幕顶部处的消除窗口通知订户选定的电影以及还有多长时间电影开演。中心窗口显示电影的场景,底部屏幕则由子菜单展示另一消除菜单,用于通告订户如何退出节目选择而无需付费。
采用通告子菜单使订户可以在电影开始之前观赏其他节目。订户可以知道节目的开始时间,并轻易地转换到正确的频道观赏选中的节目通告型子菜单(图19所示)可用来从当前频道转换到任何先前选择的频道(在早些时候订购的节目频道),以供订户观赏节目。在最佳实施方案中,通告子菜单1061以及类似的子菜单提供的时间量可由订户制定为一最佳长度。若订户取消或退出,机顶终端220将返回当前正观赏的频道。
如图20a所示,在最佳实施方案中,给予订户一个节目期间菜单1300,尤其是一个避免重叠菜单1392以通知订户过期的电影退出时间。一旦时间过期,订户将为选择的电影付费。
图20b显示出了为一重叠菜单1240(节目期间菜单1300组的一部分),用于提示订户在为订购的节目付费之后退出节目。该提示重叠菜单1240(图20b)很顺序出现,并由隐式项目单1393激发。隐式该菜单(未示出)订户的某些键入。若退出键在流行电影播放期间按下,图20a和20b的重菜单将出现。图20b的下部时间框1244中的消除项目单1242使订户可以恢复全屏幕以观赏该流行电影。
图20b示一个重叠菜单1390的例子。尤其是该菜单1390有一个深色的背景时间框1244以及一个淡色的信息时间框1246。屏幕上方1248继续显示选定节目的视频。
图20c图示了再次进行流行电影的订购选择子菜单1250。再次进入订购选择子菜单1250出现于订户选择节目(节目、事件或订购频道)时,该节目也经此订户买下来了。该菜单有一个节目标题窗口252,它有一文本标题输入及一个已经订购了该频道(节目1)的描述。在最佳实施方案中,子菜单1250允许再次进入已订购的选择并在15分钟时间间隔内为用户提供可加入该节目的一半处加入观看该节目。以此方法,节目传递系统模拟一个录像磁带中的节目。例如,若一个观众已经租了一盘“Terminator Four”的录像带观看了30分钟,他可离开而磁带停在30分钟处。有了图20c的菜单1250,看了30分钟“Terminator Four”电影的订户可在31到45分钟的间隔处重新进入该电影。菜单显示的15分钟的9个方框1254是用于两小时流行电影的选择的代表。其他组合也可能,这取决于电影长度和所定的定时间隔。
图21显示出了电影库目录1058(显示图9b)的主菜单。该电影库目录提供订户通路到大量电影。利用几个传输频道,电影库里的每个电影至少在一个月中出现一次。利用电影库,订户可以访问一个特定电影的信息并确认该电影的几个开始时间。
图21所示的电影库主菜单1058是一个扩展菜单,它有许多对于所示主菜单屏幕的改进扩展。该扩展的菜单继续以特定数顺序展示该电影表。在另一实施方案中,电影库被分为不同种类电影的子目录(未示出)。例如:神秘一谋杀、记录片、西部片以及科幻片,它们出现在电影库主项目单1058上,通过选择这些电影库子目录之一,订户会找到一个特定电影库子目录的子菜单。每个子菜单(未示出)会列出电影标题,其内容则在特定的子目录中。
参见图21b,在电影标题选择之后,为订户显示一个电影描述子菜单1058。为了在整个菜单保持类似的帧面,这种电影描述子菜单1058按图18类似的方式设计(图18图示了流行电影菜单1042的电影描述子菜单)并可包括像标题号之类的其它信息。利用子菜单1058,订户可以选购1260所述的电影,返回电影库主菜单1262,或返回一般电视1264。
图22a-22d示出了一个典型的菜单顺序,它包括主菜单1043(图22a),子目录子菜单1052(图22b),节目描述子菜单1054(图22c),以及确认子菜单1056(图22d)。这一简单的菜单过程被概要的示出,并由图9a和9b的菜单联网自行重叠。
在优选实施方案中,图22a-22d归类到记录片和新闻主目录中的项目单序列。图22a的记录片和新闻主菜单1043示出了(在中间部位1266)12个为用户提供的不同的子目录服务。在从该主项目单1043中选择了一个目录之后,机顶终端220将订户移至一个子菜单,它描述了在选订子目录中可用的节目。例如:图22b是一个用于子目录Discovery Chennel(TM)选择1268的子项目单1052。图22b超显示用于该子目录和六个节目选择。通过选择Discovery Channel(TM)选择子菜单上的一个节目选择,订户可以获得关于一个特定频道的更多信息。在图22d中,订户已经加重叠选择了节目“War Birds”1274供进一步描述。
图22c是描述一个节目“War Birds”的节目描述子项目单1054,图22c使用右上角的窗口通知订户该特定节目“War Birds”的下一次开演时间。在组合特定的节目选择中,程序员可以选择展示在几个频道上的同一节目,以便使订户有对于开始时间有较多的灵活性。图22c示出了使用横过屏幕下半部的消除菜单1278,该字幕显示了节目消息和价格。与其他子菜单类似,订户可选购节目返回主项目单1043,或返回一般电视,只按在屏幕的下部进行选择节目。图22c展示了订户选购的节目“War Birds”。
图22d表示一个确认子菜单1065,它基本与其他主菜单目录中的确认子菜单相同。它用于确认订户对节目“War Birds”的订购。该确认子菜单保持从先前子目录单中的视频窗口1276,并显示节目播放时间。另一子菜单的实施方案可以示出一个消除窗口(未示出),该窗口在屏幕下部,用于显示“800”号码及对Discovery (TM)的广告目录。类似窗口可在整个子菜单中使用,以选某特定节目,频道或一组节目广告,该确认子菜单1056可有其他变形,包括使用户加入已在播映的选定节目或返回一般电视。此外,按一下退出键,订户可取消其从该屏幕订购的“War Birds”。
图22e是用户在节目选择退出时出现的重叠菜单1392(用户可以稍后再加入该节目选择)。只按当用户可以返回一个节目或频道而无附加费用时,退出订购节目重叠菜单(如图9a的1392所示)都是适当的。由于许多节目选择被授权以日、周或月为基础进行收看。退出已订购节目重叠1392在许多情况是有用的。
该重叠菜单1392与其他有深色下部时间框和有文本信息的浅色第二时间框的格式相似,这些时间推由订户重叠在正播放的节目视频上。
此外,可为观众不能返回的一次性观赏节日选择提供退出订购的节目重菜单1392。这些退出订购的节目重叠菜单1392将感谢观众订购这一特定节目或频道,并诱使观众从同样网络订购一个类似的节目。例如一个现场直播体育事件(如拳击)的退出节目重叠菜单1392会感谢观众并提醒他该网络每周都有拳击节目定期播出。
图23和24涉及由菜单驱动系统选购专用频道。图23是一个列有15个可供描述和观看的专用频道1280的主项目单1044。在该特定的主菜单1044中,用于提供各种节目选择的屏幕1282的下半部分被分为三个纵向而为15个选择提供空间。该主菜单目录1044与其他目录不同。其中,各个节目可被订购而替代的频道,似每月或每年的方式进行订购。为使用这一子菜单,订户只需在其选择的频道上进行选择并按“启动”键。
在订户选择了一个频道之后,如图22c所示,一个频道描述子项目单1054在订户电视屏幕上取代该主菜单。该子菜单1054具有与整个菜单驱动系统使用的其他描述子菜单相似。在描述子菜单1054中,右上角用于显示频道的订购费用而左上角用于显示向订户收费的方法。在这一特定的方案中,当前时间与用户决定订购显示频道的决定几乎无关,因此不将其显示在电视屏幕上。
另一与上述确认菜单相似的是,菜单1056用于确认用户的订购并感谢订户订购该专用频道。若订户已为选定的频道付了款,订户将被供给一个分割菜单1056(图22d)而非确定订购。该菜单1056通知订户有关科幻频道的当前订购情况。在图22d的屏幕中,订户可以加入到正播放的频道中。在用户阅读屏幕子菜单一段时间之后,子菜单1056从屏幕中消除且订户有一个正在播放的节目完整图像。
图25示出了用于杂志频道的主菜单1030。该主菜单位于字母F主菜单之下,并有一个字符1288显示三个杂志。该杂志频道主菜单有一菜单显示框1290,它有15个选择栏。每栏5个选择。杂志频道是以月订购的。图25示出了高亮度显示的科幻杂志。
当选择科幻杂志时,与节目描述(示于图26)菜单相似的频道描述子菜单被显示。这类子菜单有一个在屏幕右上方,从标志图形文件820生成的网络标志。频道名字在顶部显著地显示出来。在优选实施方案中,频道文本或网络名字存在长期文本存储器中。视频窗口和视频描述窗口也被提供。
若订户选购了科幻频道,订户将接收一个与图22d所示的菜单相似的确认菜单1056。这是一个表示确认菜单,用于订购任一网络频道。一个与背景菜单上部时间扩大后等宽的下部时间框以一种最好不同于上部时间的颜色显示。在确认时间框中,一个感谢订户的标准文字内容和网络标志将出现在屏幕上。在该菜单屏幕期间的任意时刻,订户可以取消订购频道。这一取消行为只须接遥控器900上的取消键即可完成。
在确认子菜单的优选实施方案中,在两个时间框下面的屏幕区域为来自订购频道的视频而非文字内容所充满。
通过另一个菜单1055可再进入已订购的征订,尤其是在屏幕顶部提供浅色的第二时间框以及网络标志和文字内容,该文字内容通告订户已订购了该频道。再进入子菜单1055通常允许订户立即进入正播放的节目。在选择频道上的当前节目展示在屏幕的大部分区域,特别是一个特殊标题时间框中为重叠而包括在屏幕的下部。该时间框由文字内容描述识别在频道上显示的当前节目。机顶终端220可从STTCIS,VBI,或其他数字信号中得到该文字内容描述。
参见图26显示了一个从CBS网络选择新闻记录节目(“60Minutes”)的另一类菜单序列。虽然这是一个定期播出的每周节目,订户可不在规定的时间内观看。如图22a所示的新闻和记录该节目的主菜单1208开始播放。
图26示出了一个用于显示5个记录片和新闻选择的子目录子菜单1050。该子目录菜单1050显示了可用的专门节目。光标加重重叠在其原配位置中的屏幕顶部。从该光标位置,订户可选购节目“60 Minutes”。
另一节目描述了菜单1292显示了网络标志、节目标题、节目描述、视频窗口,以及下一节目起始时间。在优选实施方案中,下一节目开始时间显示在字前时间下面。节目标题和节目描述文字内容也可存在终其文字内容存储之中。在优选实施方案中,视频描述窗口将显示运行时间和节目价格,若订户从节目描述菜单中订购了节目,在另一实施方案中,却认文字内容是由长期文字内容存储生成的一个标准文字内容。确认子菜单可设计为用户显示更多视频和更少的该节目图形及文字内容。
1 1.菜单生成
a.菜单存储
在优选实施方案中,基本构件或屏幕菜单显示的模式将存储于由非易失性的RAM、ROM、ERPOM或EEPROM所组成的图形存储器中,正如图27a中的620所示。根据从这个图形存储器620所得到的信息,微处理器602,图形压缩码解码器622,文字内容生成器(如果必要的话),以及视频合成器624将生成一个项目单屏幕。图形存储器或EEPROM 620的存储器文件最好分为三类:背景图形文件800,图标图形文件820,以及菜单显示及光标图形文件850。
背景图形文件800存储菜单背景。例如:通用之菜单背景804,通用子菜单背景808,促销背景812,及特制菜单格式816。图标图形文件820存储任何图标,例如Your Choice TV图标824,网络图标文件828,电缆系统图标文件832,演播室图标文件836,以及图形元素文件840。菜单显示及光标图形文件850存储菜单显示块854和光标加重重叠文件858,以及任何其它生成菜单所需要的各类文件。
利用这种方法存储菜单,可将机顶终端220的图形存储器620再编程,以变换这些项目单。用程序控制信息信号传送图片文件。这些图片文件包括图形存储器中的图形信息。为了修改所显示菜单的整个设计,网络控制器214或操作中心202将指示擦除EEPROM 620,并用新的菜单名字单元(新的图片文件)将其再编程。显然,这种项目单再编程可在机顶终端220上完成。再编程的详细描述可在未决专利申请流水号_________中找到。其题目为“电视节目发送系统推荐节目的所重编程序终端”。该专利申请于1993年11月由同一受让人提交,并被本专利所采用。
继续参照图27a,每个被识别的存储器子文件进一步被分入各种不同的存储器块中。例如,背景图形文件800存有通用主菜单背景804,其中包括存储器单元UM1 860,UM2 862和UM3 863。同样地,标志图形文件820以及菜单显示及光标图形文件850在其子文件内进而包括各个存储器块(例如,演播室图标文件836具有存储器块SL1 864;项目单子块854具有存储器菜单显示块MD 1861)。
图27b展示了从STTSCIS电缆端头208传输的分级文字内容存储系统。虽然利用视频信号可将文字内容连续传输到机顶终端220。最好利用已知技术以压缩形式传输并存储文字内容。此外,文字内容最好存储于机顶终端220中的图形存储器620中。
根据用途,文字内容将存储于存储器的三个部位之一。随文字内容传送的信息要么将文字内容指定到存储器的一个特定部位,或带有关于文字内容优先权的信息。然后,微处理器602可将文字内容指定到适当的存储器单元进行存储。
如果某个文字内容被频繁使用时间长,则将利用长期存储器875。如果文字内容作为中期使用(例如一个月),则该文本被指定到中期存储区877。如果文字内容几乎被立即使用或短期使用(例如几天),则该文字内容被指定到短期存储区879。微处理器602将特定项目单所需的相应文字内容定位(通常见表1),并将它从存储器620的相应部位检索出来。文字内容从图形存储器620中传至文本生成器623。从文本生成器的文字内容此时被指定到文字内容/图形视频合成器624。
图27c展示了微处理器602建立一个系列重叠屏幕的菜单所需执行的步骤。这些指令存储于机顶终端220的存储器中的一个屏幕信息文件中。该屏幕信息文件指示微处理器将每个图形文件在屏幕上定位。屏幕信息文件的例子在表1中展示。如表1所示,屏幕信息文件根据X、Y的像素位置,高和宽,颜色代码和字型来指定菜单数据定位。另一方面,从操作中心202传输的指令或程序被存储于各个机顶终端220的存储器中。
表1以下是主菜单的数据行屏幕类型       名字单元文件        说明屏幕    @主单         主菜单PCX         主菜单调整  X   Y   高   宽    F色  B色    字型STR POS 左  165 85  30   300   27   55    FUTUR14.GFT主菜单流调整   X   Y  高  宽PCX POS  左    190 75  200 200PCX举例PCS调整  X    Y  高  宽  F色  B色  字型        X   Y  高  宽ITEM POS 左   120 10  20  400  15  25  FUTUR14.GFT 110 90  30  420项目@YCTV观众选择TV调整  X   Y  高  宽 F色 B色 字型         X   Y  高 宽ITEM POS  左  120 200 20 400 15  25 FUTUR14.GFT  110 190 30 420项目@PP按观看V收费流行电影
如方框878所示,开始时,微处理器602指示调谐装置603选择频道。必要时,该频道则被解压缩、误差校正,并被译码。如果该视频尺寸被减少,以便置入视窗1556(稍后加以描述),或该视频是一个必须增大的分屏幕视窗,则视频将被定标至合适的尺寸。此外,该视频可能被要求再指定到电视屏幕的某一部分。这是由一系列视频像素位置的移动来完成。
在多数情况下,图形也必须用来生成菜单。如方框882所示,微处理器602必须取出一个背景文件,一个图标文件和一个菜单显示及光标文件(该文件用于大多数情况。上述每一文件必须为解压缩后的文件883。解压缩后,成为合成文件886。
同样,微处理器602取出文字内容(如方框664所示)。如上所述,根据文字内容存储器位置、微处理器602从长期、中期或短期存储装置875,877和879中分别取出文字内容。(另一方面,文字内容可存储于屏幕数据文件)。基于这一存储器检索,该文字内容生成并合并为886。在合成步骤886中,视频(如果存在的话)与所需数目的解压缩图形屏幕以及文字内容进行合成。图像或每一图像的各个部份被存储,直至全部重复被检索出。此后,在另一程序的指导下,整个图像被送出并显示在电视屏幕上(见显示方框888)。
b.菜单图形
图28a至28g以及图29a至29g说明了机顶终端220如何生成菜单。图28a至28g展示了用于流行电影目录的主菜单屏幕的生成。图28a说明了流行电影主菜单的背景图形。背景图形1500包括横过屏幕顶部的上部可移时间框1502和横过屏幕底部的下部可移时间框1504。背景图形是由图形存储器(最好是EEPROM)620的存储器文件中的背景图形文件800中产生。尤其是,流行电影主菜单背景图形是位于背景图形文件800的通用主菜单背景子文件804中。该通用主菜单背景图形1500一贯被所有主菜单使用。图28b显示了用于流行电影主菜单的图标图形。该主菜单的图标图形1508包括了一个图符窗1510,一个位于屏幕左下角的有线电视公司图标1512,一个位于屏幕右上角的频道电视公司图标1514,以及两个“启动”按键1516。图符图形1510始终如一地显示于每一主菜单上。有线电视公司标志1512几乎一贯显示于每一主菜单的屏幕的左下角部分。这些标志图形1508从EEPROM620中的图标图形文件820中产生。尤其是,屏幕左下角的有线电视公司标志1512是位于图形文件的Your Choice TV图标824部分。屏幕右上角的网络图标1514是从图标图形文件820的网络图标文件828中生成的。“消失”按键1516是从图标图形文件820的图形元素文件840中产生。
图28c展示了菜单显示1520加到流行电影主菜单上,图28c尤其展示了屏幕下部的十块主菜单显示1520和消除菜单1522。图28c的十个显示方框1520是从菜单显示及光标图形文件850(如图27a所示)的菜单显示块子文件854中产生。位于屏幕下部的消除菜单1522也是从该菜单显示块的子文件854生成的。
图28d显示了光标加重重叠1526加到流行电影主菜单上。光标加重重叠1526是从图27a所示的菜单显示及光标图形文件850的光标加重重叠菜单858中产生的。在优选实施方案中,每一主菜单的左上角菜单显示方框所示是原配光标加重重叠1526。该光标加重重叠1526可由用户在屏幕上移动。
图28e展示了为流行电影主菜单所生成的文字内容1530。在优选实施方案中,文字内容1530由机顶终端220中的文字内容生成器分别生成。文字内容“流行电影”从1531始终如一地显示在每一流行电影的主菜单上。这个文字内容可存在长期存储器中。另一文字内容,例如出现于屏幕中下部的“按此键即可返回到有线电视”1532也在整个菜单序列期间出现多次。按规则变换的文字内容,例如电影名(或其它节目选择),将被传输到机顶终端220。用这样的方式,电缆端头208可以用修改控制中心202传送的节目控制信息的方式来改变任何主菜单1020上的可用节目选择并将该改变通过STTCIS传送。
在另一实施方案中,文字内容的某些部分,尤其是那些保持常数的部分,可被加入到屏幕数据文件或图形文件,并存储在背景图形文件800或图标图形文件820中。
图28f显示了日1534,日期1536,和时间1538信息1540与流行电影主菜单的相加。这一信息可以用各种不同方式取得。日、日期及时间信息1540可以从操作中心202,电缆端头(信息处理器或网络控制器214)。上行线路区段204传出,或由机顶终端220内部生成。每种生成日、日期及时间信息1540的方法各有优缺点,它们将改变所给定的实施文字及花费,在优选实施方案中,日、日期及时间1540在中央位置,即控制中心生成,并在电缆端头208及时进行局部改变的调整。
图28g展示出图28a至28f中的信息被并入视频合成器624,并在电视屏幕222上显示的结果。看见流行电影主菜表1040的观众觉察不到该菜单有几个不同的部分。
图29a至29g展示了流行电影程序说明子菜单的生成及显示。与主菜单相同,子菜单由不同部分生成,并在传至电视屏幕之前合并。图29a所示为用于程序说明子菜单的背景图形1550。在优选实施方案中,背景图形1550的上可移时间框1552及下可移时间框1554存储在EEPROM620的同一位置上。视频1556和半消除窗1558也定位存储于EEPROM 620。视频窗下面的半消除窗1558作为1556的解释视频装置在视频窗1556上显示。图形信息1550和可移时间框1552、1554组,以及视频窗1556及其说明1558组都定位于背景图形文件800的通用子项目单背景子文件808中。两组背景都出现于许多菜单上,并在一个菜单序列到期间被多次使用。
图29b所示为用于建立程序说明子菜单的外加图标图形信息1508。在优选实施方案中,“启动”标志1516可一次存入存储器620,并被指定到屏幕的适当部位,该屏幕中的某一特定项目单将需要该标志。与图28b相同,生成“观众选择”标志1512所需的信息与“启动”按键1516存储于图标图形文件820。
图29c展示了程序说明子菜单的菜单显示信息1520的补充。与图28c相同,图29c的菜单显示块所需要的信息存储于菜单显示及光标图形850的菜单显示块的子文件854中。在该特定子菜单中,有三个三角形菜单显示块。
图29d展示了用于程序说明图形的光标加重重叠图形1526的补充。该信息从重叠图形之一的光标加重重叠子项目单中可得。对于大多数主菜单1020及子菜单1050,只有一个光标加重重叠1526在某一给定时间出现在屏幕上。更多的光标加重重叠1526将在向观众提出更多问题时出现。光标加重重叠1526的数目一般与菜单上向观众提出的问题数目相同。一般情况下,光标加重重叠1526在每一菜单屏幕上有一原配位置,该位置可由观众用远程控制器900移动。
图29e展示了流行电影程序说明子菜单所需的文字内容生成1530。程序说明子菜单的某些文字内容始终如一地显示在每一程序说明子菜单上,例如“按此键即可返回到有线电视”。这一文字内容信息可本地存储,并在送至视频合成器624之前由文字内容生成器621处理。
C.促销视频的使用
图29f展示了视频1560与视频窗1556的相加。在另一实施方案中,程序说明子菜单上出现的视频是一个静止的图片。该静止图片可以压缩格式(例如JPEG)存储于机顶终端220。这种程序说明子菜单及其它菜单所使用的静态视频1560可由控制中心202通过程序控制信息信号一次又一次地传送。
在优选实施方案中,视频窗1556显示了一个移动视频图片。就流行电影类别来说,移动视频图片可直接从一个说明的电影的现行馈送中得到。例如,可以直接从正在放映电影“Terminator”的频道解压缩,并处理该视频信号,以将其置于视频窗1556中。对视频信号的处理包括按比例缩小视频屏幕的尺寸,并将视频再指定到菜单的视频窗中的菜单屏幕的一部位上。另一种将移动视频(“Terminator”视频片)置于子菜单的视频窗部份的方法,即从一个分离的屏幕频道中取得视频的方法,将稍后说明。
图29g展示了从图29a至29f的最后综合结果。视频合成器624将这些信息的每部分并入一个单一菜单屏幕1058。
在电视屏幕上显示菜单的视频合成器624主要从三个地方获得信息:图形生成器622,文字内容生成器621,和视频解压缩器618(如必要的话,还有其它视频操作设备)。图形生成器622主要从图形存储器装置620取得信息,但可以取得STTCIS中的信息。文字内容生成器621主要从存储文字内容的分离存储器接收其信息。然而,在某些实施方案中,文字内容信息可存入图形存储器620或直接从STTCIS取出。送至视频合成器624的视频信号可直接从一个或多个视频解压缩器或辅助视频处理设备中传出。
将视频信号消波或促销视频传送至机顶终端220的方法一是使用分离屏幕视频技术。利用分离屏幕技术,任何数量的不同的视频信号消波可在一个单频道上传送(例如,2、4、6或8视频信号消波)。图30展示了一个利用分离屏幕视频技术将频道分为四部分的单频道的通过量。以这种方法,四种不同的视频信号消波可同时在一个单频道上传送。程序说明子菜单可在任何指定时间取得在分离频道上的视频信号消波之一。一般情况下,要求机顶终端220将整个频道解压缩,取得视频信息的四分之一,标定视频(如必要),并再指定该视频(如必要)。利用这一分离屏幕技术1602,许多视频消波将在有限数量的频道上传送。例如,四十八个不同的视频信号消波可同时在一个使用分离屏幕视频技术的单频道上传送。在此实施方案中,视频信号可能需要向上定标,以增大视频窗中或全屏幕上的图片。利用像素位移进行再指定,可将视频置于视频窗中。
终端使用已知的标定及定位技术,这些技术与当前在消费者电器中所用的图片中产生图片的技术相似。机顶终端220可能需要外加的电路,以进行所需的标定及再定位。
在另一避免将视频再指定到有视频窗1556的屏幕的某一部位的实施方案中,屏幕及项目单图形被用于覆盖频道视频的某些不必要部位。该屏蔽技术允许分离屏幕视频保留在由操作中传输的同一部位上。进而,该屏蔽进行调整,以覆盖该屏幕的非所需部分。这些屏蔽将存储于与其它菜单所用背景文件相同的背景图形文件800中。该系统的优点是节省再指定视频所需的费用。而其缺点是,从一个菜单到另一菜单,说明子菜单上的视频窗将不在同一位置上。视频窗位置的不一致性将损害菜单格式的美观。
如果该屏蔽技术与图30中所示的分离屏幕视频结合利用,每一子菜单大致具有四分之一屏幕的视频及四分之三屏幕的图形及文字内容信息。例如,一个篮球比赛的子菜单或促销菜单将屏幕除屏幕右上角之外的全部其它部分。屏蔽之后,其它背景图形1550,图标图形1508,菜单显示1520,光标图形1526,及文字内容信息1530将重叠于上述屏蔽的四分之三部分。以相同方法,一个冰球赛的子菜单或促销菜单也将具有四分之三的屏蔽。这四分之三的屏蔽将屏蔽除屏幕右下角之处的全体部分。剩下的菜单图形、标志、及文字内容信息将重叠于四分之三屏蔽。从此例中可知,四个不同的四分之三屏蔽存储于背景图形文件800中,以便用于四个可能的视频窗位置。
分离屏幕视频技术可用于促销电视编程。由于大量短视频信号消波可连续传送,全部或部份屏幕促销(或信息)将可提供给观众。利用该大量促销视频,用户将有机会“掠过”新电影或电视节目选择。观众可简单地从一个促销视频掠过到另一促销视频,直至找到(或挑到)所需电视节目。
在此所用的及描述是以概述的形式提出的,不应造成限制,一般技术人员可根据本发明的权利要求及精神提出其他变型。
此处所用的术语和描述的提出只用作解释而不作限制。本领域的技术人员将会认识到,在本发明加权利要求书所限定的精神和范围内,多种变化是可能的。

Claims (33)

1、一种在电视屏幕上显示具有视频的菜单的方法,包括步骤:
获取用于显示的视频;
生成用于显示的菜单,其中所述菜单具有视频窗口;
合并所述视频和所述菜单;和
显示所述合并的视频和菜单,其中所述视频显示在所述菜单的视频窗口内。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中合并步骤包括:
对所述视频进行定标,并针对所述菜单的视频窗口将定标后的视频进行重新定向。
3、如权利要求1所述的方法,还包括步骤:
检索用于显示的图形;
生成用于显示的文本;
将所述视频、图形和文本合并,其中所述图形和文本提供节目播出的选项;和
显示所述合并的视频、图形和文本,其中所述图形和文本在所述视频上是重叠的。
4、如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中所述菜单是节目期间菜单,并且所述节目期间菜单提供订户节目播出的选项。
5、如权利要求1或2所述的方法,还包括步骤:
在电视上显示节目;和
生成一个或多个同菜单一起显示的图标,从而该显示的节目和菜单被同时显示,其中所述图标提供节目播出的选项。
6、如权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述节目包含节目视频,所述方法还包括步骤:
对所述节目视频进行定标以改变其大小;
设定所述定标的节目视频的位置;和
将所述菜单置于与所述定标的和设定位置的节目视频的相邻位置。
7、如权利要求1所述的方法,还包括步骤:
显示观赏的节目;
响应于来自遥控单元的信号,显示所述包括多个选项的菜单;和
用遥控单元选择所显示的选项。
8、如权利要求7所述的方法,还包括步骤:
生成运行背景的隐式菜单,其中所述隐式菜单包含当其选项被来自所述遥控单元的信号选择时触发菜单显示步骤的选项。
9、如权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述被显示的菜单是重叠菜单。
10、如权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述选项包括输入交互模式。
11、如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中所述菜单是重叠菜单,并且其中生成菜单的步骤包括生成包含在重叠菜单信号中的图形的步骤。
12、如权利要求1、2或3所述的方法,其中所述菜单是重叠菜单,并且其中所述生成菜单的步骤包括生成显示的图标的步骤。
13、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述菜单是重叠菜单,并且其中重叠菜单提供在观赏视频时可以访问的节目播出的选项。
14、如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述节目播出的选项可通过按钮选择进行访问。
15、如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述节目播出的选项可通过光标移动进行访问。
16、如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述节目播出的选项可通过遥控进行访问。
17、如权利要求9或13-16中一个权利要求所述的方法,其中所述重叠菜单提供关于所显示的视频的信息。
18、如权利要求13-15或16中一个权利要求所述的方法,其中所述节目播出选项可以提供访问其他菜单。
19、如权利要求9、13-16中一个权利要求所述的方法,其中所述重叠菜单是利用节目控制信息信号生成的。
20、如权利要求9或13-16中一个权利要求所述的方法,还包括步骤:
降低所述视频的大小,使得所述视频填充所述屏幕的第一部分,所述重叠菜单填充所述屏幕的第二部分。
21、如权利要求9或13-16中一个权利要求所述的方法,还包括步骤:
调整所述重叠菜单的大小,其中所述重叠菜单调整的大小决定了重叠菜单覆盖了屏幕和视频的多少。
22、如权利要求1-3,7-10或13-16中一个权利要求所述的方法,还包括:
接收数字节目信号;和
在其中所述获取步骤获取来自数字节目信号的视频信号。
23、如权利要求22所述的方法,其中所述数字节目信号是MPEG格式。
24、如权利要求1-2,7-10或13-16中一个权利要求所述的方法,其中所述生成菜单的步骤包括生成包含在菜单中的图形的步骤,从而被显示的菜单包括所述图形。
25、如权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述图形包括图标。
26、如权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述图形包括光标和使用该光标进行访问的节目播出选项。
27、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述菜单是重叠菜单,所述方法还包括步骤:
对所述视频进行定标,使得所述视频填充所述屏幕的第一部分;和
显示所述合并的视频和重叠菜单,其中所述重叠菜单填充所述屏幕的第二部分,并且其中所述第一部分大于第二部分,从而所述视频在屏幕上的填充量大于重叠菜单。
28、如权利要求27所述的方法,其中所述定标步骤包括:
确定所述重叠菜单和所述视频的比较的重要性,其中所述重叠菜单的比较的重要性决定了定标的视频的大小。
29、如权利要求1-27或28中一个权利要求所述的方法,还包括步骤:
从节目信号中选择一个分割的屏幕视频频道;
对所述节目信号的分割的屏幕频道进行解压缩;
在所述分割的屏幕频道上选择所需的视频部分;
对所有未被选择的分割的屏幕频道的部分生成屏蔽;
在所述分割的屏幕视频频道上重叠所述屏蔽;
在所述屏蔽上重叠菜单图形信息;
在所述图形和屏蔽上重叠文本信息;和
将所述重叠显示为一菜单。
30、如权利要求29所述的方法,还包括在显示之前将所述图形与所述视频、屏蔽和文本合并的步骤。
31、一种以图形方式访问电视节目的系统,包括:
用于在屏幕上显示节目播出选项的图形显示部分,其中该屏幕包括显示视频的观赏窗口;和
通过光标移动和按钮选择来选择节目播出选项的遥控单元。
32、如权利要求31所述的系统,其中所述图形显示部分是一菜单。
33、如权利要求31或32所述的系统,还包括接收数字节目信号的接收机。
CNB001027190A 1992-12-09 2000-02-21 在电视屏幕上显示具有视频的菜单的方法及使用其的系统 Expired - Fee Related CN1189033C (zh)

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CNB00100204XA Expired - Fee Related CN1184812C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 有线电视发送系统先进机顶终端及方法
CNB931201861A Expired - Fee Related CN1137582C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 机顶终端以及相应的菜单生成和定序方法
CNA200510114107XA Pending CN1805540A (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 电视节目发送系统推荐节目的可重编程序终端
CNB931201853A Expired - Fee Related CN1137581C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 用于增强有线电视递送系统中解压缩箱的升级模块和方法、机顶转换器和遥控单元及接口系统
CNB00100087XA Expired - Fee Related CN1181680C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 应用允许订户交互使用的机顶终端的装置以及方法
CNB001054090A Expired - Fee Related CN1181683C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 提供节目播放与节目选择的方法与设备
CNB001000888A Expired - Fee Related CN1181681C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 用于显示画中画的方法以及装置
CN93120183A Expired - Fee Related CN1121788C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 有线电视发送系统网络控制器及方法
CNB931201764A Expired - Fee Related CN1137578C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 电视节目组装及发送系统操作中心及节目分配方法
CNB001002058A Expired - Fee Related CN1181682C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 用于机顶终端的遥控器及选择节目分类子菜单的方法
CNB931201845A Expired - Fee Related CN1137579C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 电视节目发送系统推荐节目的可重编程序终端及其方法
CN93120182A Expired - Fee Related CN1118197C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 一种用于选择和合并数字化节目的方法、合并器和数字电缆端头
CN97121877A Expired - Fee Related CN1112808C (zh) 1992-12-09 1997-12-16 预订广告的装置及方法
CN00100206A Pending CN1276685A (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-01-05 有线电视发送系统先进机顶终端
CNB001002031A Expired - Fee Related CN1179563C (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-01-05 能接收音频/视频节目和音频节目的装置和方法
CNB001027190A Expired - Fee Related CN1189033C (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-02-21 在电视屏幕上显示具有视频的菜单的方法及使用其的系统
CNB001027182A Expired - Fee Related CN100369482C (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-02-21 增加机顶转换器的功能性的卡和利用节目传送系统的方法
CNB00102714XA Expired - Fee Related CN1192617C (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-02-21 用于从多路传输信号中选取实况数字节目的系统和方法
CN001080121A Expired - Fee Related CN1217286C (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-06-07 电视节目发送系统推荐节目的可重编程序终端
CNB00108013XA Expired - Fee Related CN100417217C (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-06-07 有线电视发送系统网络控制器
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CNB00100204XA Expired - Fee Related CN1184812C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 有线电视发送系统先进机顶终端及方法
CNB931201861A Expired - Fee Related CN1137582C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 机顶终端以及相应的菜单生成和定序方法
CNA200510114107XA Pending CN1805540A (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 电视节目发送系统推荐节目的可重编程序终端
CNB931201853A Expired - Fee Related CN1137581C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 用于增强有线电视递送系统中解压缩箱的升级模块和方法、机顶转换器和遥控单元及接口系统
CNB00100087XA Expired - Fee Related CN1181680C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 应用允许订户交互使用的机顶终端的装置以及方法
CNB001054090A Expired - Fee Related CN1181683C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 提供节目播放与节目选择的方法与设备
CNB001000888A Expired - Fee Related CN1181681C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 用于显示画中画的方法以及装置
CN93120183A Expired - Fee Related CN1121788C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 有线电视发送系统网络控制器及方法
CNB931201764A Expired - Fee Related CN1137578C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 电视节目组装及发送系统操作中心及节目分配方法
CNB001002058A Expired - Fee Related CN1181682C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 用于机顶终端的遥控器及选择节目分类子菜单的方法
CNB931201845A Expired - Fee Related CN1137579C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 电视节目发送系统推荐节目的可重编程序终端及其方法
CN93120182A Expired - Fee Related CN1118197C (zh) 1992-12-09 1993-12-09 一种用于选择和合并数字化节目的方法、合并器和数字电缆端头
CN97121877A Expired - Fee Related CN1112808C (zh) 1992-12-09 1997-12-16 预订广告的装置及方法
CN00100206A Pending CN1276685A (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-01-05 有线电视发送系统先进机顶终端
CNB001002031A Expired - Fee Related CN1179563C (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-01-05 能接收音频/视频节目和音频节目的装置和方法

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CNB00102714XA Expired - Fee Related CN1192617C (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-02-21 用于从多路传输信号中选取实况数字节目的系统和方法
CN001080121A Expired - Fee Related CN1217286C (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-06-07 电视节目发送系统推荐节目的可重编程序终端
CNB00108013XA Expired - Fee Related CN100417217C (zh) 1992-12-09 2000-06-07 有线电视发送系统网络控制器
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EP0912059A2 (en) 1999-04-28
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JPH08506942A (ja) 1996-07-23
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ES2138656T3 (es) 2000-01-16
BR9307623A (pt) 2000-05-16
WO1994013107A1 (en) 1994-06-09
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ATE176840T1 (de) 1999-03-15
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IL107909A0 (en) 1994-04-12
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IL107912A0 (en) 1994-04-12
JP2005020785A (ja) 2005-01-20
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JP2005057793A (ja) 2005-03-03
DE69332177D1 (de) 2002-09-05
IL127601A (en) 2002-12-01
EP0946060A1 (en) 1999-09-29
CA2151458C (en) 2004-02-24
CN1121788C (zh) 2003-09-17
KR100348113B1 (ko) 2002-09-18
CN1181681C (zh) 2004-12-22
KR100329135B1 (ko) 2002-05-09
EP1432248B1 (en) 2006-03-29
CA2460634A1 (en) 1994-06-23
CN1137581C (zh) 2004-02-04
BR9307621A (pt) 1999-06-15
IL107910A (en) 1997-06-10
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MY110138A (en) 1998-02-28
DE69332895D1 (de) 2003-05-22
DE69328441T3 (de) 2010-03-11
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EP1164797A1 (en) 2001-12-19
ATE352170T1 (de) 2007-02-15
ATE484151T1 (de) 2010-10-15
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CN100369482C (zh) 2008-02-13
CA2151460A1 (en) 1994-06-23
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