CN1253107A - 带有保持件的容器 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
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- B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
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Abstract
本发明涉及其内设置有一保持件的容器,该保持件基本封闭了容器的开口。在本发明的一个较佳实施例中,所述保持件可扩展开以接纳用于盖住该容器的一个分发工具。
Description
本发明涉及一种容器,尤其是,特别适于分发药物的一种容器。
有许多已知的用于分发药物配方的容器。这些容器通常是用合适的聚合物或玻璃材料制造。依据将要分发的药物的物理状态,即固态或液态,容器包含有防止乱弄的相应安全装置和防止小孩接触容器中内容物的防备小孩打开的机构。
在许多容器中还装有用以给小孩分发药物的诸如滴管等分发工具。该分发工具浸没在容器内的液体中,药物可以吸入分发工具内,然后分发给小孩。这些容器和分发工具的组合物常常包含防备小孩打开的装置,例如需要挤压盖子或需要箭头或键形物对齐才能打开的容器。其他还试图通过铰链机构来限制接触容器中的内容物,如在美国专利4,132,334中所公开的容器。但是有些药物组份具有粘性和粘滞度,多次使用后将使铰链部件不再起作用。但是如果不恰当地应用盖子或盖子没有连接在那儿,就会有小孩过量服用容器中内容物的潜在可能。此外,人们常常不阅读和遵循用药说明,以致不使用诸如滴管等合适的分发工具,而使用诸如茶匙、杯子等不适当的分发工具给病人提供药物,这就可能会导致用药过量的情况发生。
非常期望容器能够设计为可以防止病人的用药过量。而且该容器最好是通过把剂量装置合并且存放在该组件中,以便于利用适当的剂量装置。
在第一实施例中,本发明包括一个容器,所述容器具有一个开口和一个保持件,所述保持件基本封闭了所述容器的所述开口,所述保持件具有一个与其成为一体的受压开启通道,所述通道可以放大以接纳一分发工具,所述分发工具移开以后,所述通道可以关闭。
本发明的另一个实施例提供了一种组合物,它包括:容纳液体的一个容器;一个分发工具;一个保持件和包含有药物活性成份的液体,所述保持件基本封闭了所述容器的所述开口,所述保持件具有一个受压开启通道,所述通道可以放大以接纳所述分发工具,所述分发工具移开以后,所述通道可以关闭。
在参考附图和并阅读了详细说明以后,本发明的这些和其他实施例将会变得很清楚。
参照附图,对说明性实施例详尽描述的考察中,可最好地理解本发明及其上述和其他的目的。
图1是容器及设置在容器中的部件和分发工具的立体图;
图2是容器、设置在容器中的保持件和离开容器的分发工具的分解立体图;
图3是容器、设置在容器中的保持件和分发工具的局部剖视图;
图4是容器、设置在容器中的保持件和其上带有被压缩的球状物的分发工具的局部剖视图;
图5是离开容器的分发工具和设置在容器中且处在关闭位置的保持件的分解剖视图;
图6是展示容器和容器中的保持件处在倾斜位置的带有部分截面的侧视图;
图7是已有技术中处在倾斜位置的容器的侧视图;
图8是容器中的保持件的另一个实施例的立体图;
图9是图8所示的另一实施例的仰视平面图。
参见图1,本发明的一实施例设置有所述的容器10、分发工具20和保持件30。分发工具拧在容器的顶部以密闭该容器且能够防止液体的流出。从此图中可以看出,分发工具穿过该保持件且使该保持件的瓣状物呈放射状伸展。
图2所示的是相同诸部件的分解立体图。现在可以看到容器上的螺纹11。保持件30现处在关闭位置,瓣状物是倾斜的,所以在分发工具20移开之后,保持件会关闭,这就基本防止了液体从容器中流出。
图3所示的是作为消费者会首选购买的商品的一较佳实施例中各部件结合在一起的剖视图。不但容器中的最初液面40而且容器10、分发工具和保持件都是可视的。注意到保持件容纳在该容器的颈部45(基本是竖直区域)和肩部46(曲率半径)中,由此允许任何液体可通过该保持件流出。保持件的基部或较宽部分邻近容器的出口,同时保持件的较窄端接近容器的液面。容器最初的液面位于保持件30最低点之下。保持件的诸单个瓣状物33也是可视的。
图4描述的是压缩分发工具上的球状物21以把容器中的液体吸入分发工具中的现象。图中清楚地显示出分发工具中的液面高于容器中的液面。位于保持件30上的夹子12将该保持件在容器的出入口中夹持定位。夹持定位保持件的另一实施例具有一凸肩和粘合剂,保持件放置在凸肩中,通过加热或其他能源用粘合剂将容器和保持件连接在一起。另一方法是,既然保持件是用弹性材料制造的,所以通过压缩力就可将该支承件固位。
在图5所示的是分发工具移出了容器的情况。该分发工具中包含有容器中的液体。施加在分发工具上的保持件的压缩力可去除粘附在分发工具外表面的残留液体。保持件由具有充分弹性和记忆效应(memory)的弹性材料组成,用以在分发工具插入或抽出时密闭在分发工具上。在分发工具抽出容器时这些压缩力将液体从分发工具的外表面上移开,以读出分发工具上测量体积的刻度。
位于分发工具径向边缘上的螺纹14也是可视的。位于容器上的相配啮合螺纹11是可视的。当保持件密闭时,任何多余的液体从保持件的开口流出。
图6描述的是本发明的基本优点,即能够限制液体从容器中流出。当不使用分发工具时,保持件基本能够防止液体从容器中流出。图7描述的是已有技术中的瓶子,该瓶子允许毫无限制地把容器中的内容物倒在一不合适的分发工具上。
使用不适当分发工具和对病入用药过量的问题不只限于无法防备可以触及容器中内容物的小孩,还有不阅读和遵循标签指示的成入。也有可能父母中的他或她知道正确的用量,但却不遵循标签的指示。本发明使得不使用适当的分发工具,如果不是不可能的话,也会很难去分发大量的液体。而且,不使用适当分发工具就难以从容器中分发液体会促使父母重新阅读标签指示以得知正确的用量。
图8和图9描述的是按照本发明保持件的另一实施例。保持件中的狭缝以比前些图中其他保持件中更为弯曲的方式设置,狭缝更为弯曲,但并没有环绕保持件沿轴向设置。
按照本发明的容器没有被制造材料所局限。合适的材料包括玻璃、聚合物诸如低密度、低线密度和高密度的聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、这些材料的共聚物、复合物(combinations)等等。容器最好使用聚乙烯和玻璃制造。
保持件用弹性材料制造,可选的弹性材料包括:低密度、高密度和低线密度的聚乙烯、聚丙烯、包括诸如硅氧橡胶等橡胶的弹性体型材料、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、这些材料的共聚物、复合物等诸如此类的材料。保持件最好使用低密度的聚乙烯制造。保持件可弹性地返回闭合位置这一点很重要,闭合位置即为在分发工具抽出后保持件基本能够防止液体流出的位置。弹性保持件的进一步优点是它可以作为分发工具的站立或停靠点。保持件较佳地具有足够的弹性把分发工具和竖直位置中的剂量支承在保持件中,而无须将分发工具延伸穿过保持件。换言之,保持件足够坚固可以作为支承分发工具的杯或盘。这使得父母可以抽取适当的剂量到分发工具中,然后把分发工具放置在保持件中,同时去准备小孩服药,此时仍能看得到分发工具中剂量。
分发工具的制造材料与容器类似。较佳的材料还是聚乙烯。分发工具较佳地是一伸长的中空装置,它是一个长度比宽度长的部件。分发工具的顶部具有一个球状物,该球状物较佳地使用弹性体型的材料制造,该球状物连接到分发工具上,所以当压力施加到该球状物时,它会变形,此变形产生了真空效应,真空效应把液体吸入中空的环形(annular)空间中。分发工具较佳地包含有刻度以助于确定容纳在环形腔体中的液体容量。分发工具是用来描述将液体从容器中转移到身体例如嘴、鼻、眼、耳等部位的任何装置的通用术语。该术语没有局限于尺寸,它还包括带有管子、桶、圆筒、吸移管的装置。它还包括把液体吸入分发工具中的所有方式,包括挤压球状物、真空抽吸和口吸的方式。它还包括把液体从分发工具中排出的所有方式,包括利用重力、挤压球状物、施压空气和口吹。
在本发明的一更佳的实施例中,分发工具一体地制造在容器的盖子中。分发工具包含有螺纹或其他与容器相配的合适装置,以把分发工具/盖子与容器连接在一起。本发明的另一实施例具有不包含在盖子中的一个分发工具,该分发工具单独设置,例如沿着容器的边侧设置。
在本发明的一更佳的实施例中,带有螺纹的分发装置具有防备小孩的安全特征。这些特征对于本技术领域中的技术人员而言是众所周知的。合适的例子公开在美国专利Nos.3,795,338和3,857,505中,其中的内容全部引述在此以供参考。本技术领域的技术人员所知的这些专利和其他类似实施例需要压力以啮合从容器的壁向上伸展的凸起。在缺乏充足压力的情况下,盖子会啮合住凸起,不能将盖子打开。其他防备小孩的盖子则需要压力施加到盖子的顶部或边侧以啮合凸起,从而打开盖子。
本发明可用来分发包括溶液、分散剂和悬浮剂的任何液体。可采纳的合适医药分散剂和悬浮剂在本技术领域中是众所周知的,例如参见第15版的《Remington Pharmaceutical Sciences》。制造此类悬浮剂和分散剂的技术对于本技术领域中的技术人员而言是已知的,例如参见美国专利Nos.5,272,137、5,374,659、5,409,907、5,621,005和5,658919,其中的内容引述在此以供参考。
在本发明的较佳实施例中,容纳在容器中的液体具有粘性。因为保持件的存在,较粘的液体基本不能从容器中流出。至多只有少部分的液体在无分发工具的情况下可以流出。这可以阻止某人在不使用合适分发工具的情况下试图从容器中取出液体。包含有医药活性剂的液体的粘度是从大约100至3000厘泊,较佳范围是从大约300至2000厘泊,最佳范围是从500至1600厘泊。尽管这些液体具有粘性,本发明仍然在分发工具抽出时允许容器中的液体通过保持件而取出。在此使用的是,在室温(大约23℃)下使用一个带有一小(10厘米3)样品杯和3号转轴的Brookfield粘度计在每分钟12转的速度转动4分钟后来测量粘度。
保持装置是特别地为粘性和粘滞的液体所设计。本发明中所使用的液体大多较佳地为婴儿和小孩的感冒药物。此类药物一般都是浓缩的,因此需要给病人喂服较少的剂量。因为液体具有粘性,所以保持装置设置有长度超过保持装置纵向轴线长度50%的狭缝,该狭缝的长度较佳地超过保持件(纵向轴线)长度的60%,最佳地超过保持件(纵向轴线)长度的75%,见图8。这使得与保持装置相接触的任何液体可容易地流回容器中。如果液体不能流回,保持件就有可能变得很难打开或留在了一打开位置,保持件留在打开位置,这将允许不使用适当的分发装置就可分发液体。
保持装置上设置有多个狭缝,该狭缝使得保持件的放射状开口达到相对于分发工具直径的一预定尺寸的直径。保持件最大的放射状开口比分发工具的直径大大约1%至10%,较佳地介于大约2%至8%之间,最佳地比分发工具的直径大大约4%至6%。受控的放射状开口充分地将分发工具上的过量液体除去且使保持件充分地重新关闭,同时也可以使残留的液体很容易地流回容器中。
带有狭缝的设计的另一个优点是能够减小瓣状物中的压力。瓣状物视为保持装置中的单个部件,该保持装置随着分发工具的插入和取出而打开和关闭。本发明应用了多个瓣状物,至少5瓣,最佳8瓣。瓣状物数目的增加提高了保持装置的记忆效应,即在重复使用后保持装置能够保持其理想形状的能力。多个瓣状物也提高了保持件从分发工具的边侧将液体除去的能力,由此使得更容易读出和分发给病人适当剂量的液体。
保持装置的另一个较佳实施例是长度对直径的比率。如上所述,本发明特别适合与用于婴儿和小孩的粘性和粘滞的药物制剂一起使用。长度对直径(L/D)的比率一般小于3.5,通常为大约0.6至3.0,较佳地为大约0.5至1.2。在一最佳实施例中L/D比率大约为1。直径是在保持件圆锥体形部分的顶部、最接近容器出口的位置测量的。因为保持件的厚度视为忽略不计,内外直径应理解为基本相等。较佳的直径是大约1至2厘米,较佳为大约1.5厘米。长度的测量应理解为是从圆锥体形至处在关闭状态的瓣状物的尖部。保持件的长度较佳地为大约1.25至3厘米,最佳是大约2厘米。作为在此使用的部件,处在关闭位置的保持件应理解为没有分发工具插入穿过时的保持件。从图8中可看出相对的长度和直径。较低的L/D比率是一重要的优点,因为保持件并不在持续的时间段内浸没在液体中。在一较佳实施例中,保持件位于容器的正常液面之上,较佳地位于容器的颈部区域,这可使过量的液体从保持件流回容器中,见图3中45指示的区域。
本发明可用来转移本技术领域中众所周知的许多活性药物。美国专利Nos.4,929,508列出了合适的此类药物,该专利相关的部分引述在此,以供参考。在该发明中对药物的形态要求不严格,只要它们能够溶进液体中就行。在溶进液体之前药物活性成份的最初形态可以是固体、液体、粉末、小球之类的形态。
本发明可以分发的药物特别较佳地包括:布洛芬、扑热息痛、阿斯匹林、假麻黄碱、盐酸假麻黄碱、扑尔敏、氢溴右甲吗喃(dextromethorphanhydrobromide)、苯海拉明、氯雷他定(loratadine)、苯丙醇胺和盐酸苯海拉明。
众所周知的例如甜味剂、色素、调味剂、缓冲剂之类可接受的药物添加剂可以包含在药物制剂中。合适的甜味剂包括:糖、山梨糖醇、糖精、甘露醇、葡萄糖、天冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯等。调味剂包括:薄荷、桂皮、泡泡糖、香精等。
通过参考相关的图,已经对本发明作了描述和阐明。对于本技术领域中的技术人员而言不超出本发明范围的其他实施例都是显而易见的。
Claims (10)
1.一种用来容纳液体的容器,其特征在于,所述容器具有一个开口和一个保持件,所述保持件基本封闭了所述容器的所述开口,所述保持件具有一个与其成为一体的受压开启通道,所述通道可以放大以接纳一分发工具,所述分发工具移开以后,所述通道可以关闭,所述保持件位于所述容器中液面的上面。
2.如权利要求1所述的容器,其特征在于,所述保持件具有弹性,所述保持件具有一个设置有狭缝的保持壁。
3.如权利要求2所述的容器,其特征在于,所述保持件的所述通道可放射状地扩展以接纳所述分发工具。
4.如权利要求2所述的容器,其特征在于,所述设置有狭缝的保持壁是圆锥体形。
5.如权利要求2所述的容器,其特征在于,所述设置有狭缝的保持壁包括多个瓣状物。
6.如权利要求4所述的容器,其特征在于,所述瓣状物中的狭缝是纵向定位的。
7.如权利要求2所述的容器,其特征在于,它还包括一个分发装置。
8.一种组合物,其特征在于,它包括:容纳液体的一个容器;一个分发工具;一个保持件和包含有药物活性成份的液体,所述保持件基本封闭了所述容器的所述开口,所述保持件具有一个受压开启通道,所述通道可以放大以接纳所述分发工具,所述分发工具移开以后,所述通道可以关闭。
9.如权利要求7所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述液体具有从100至大约3000厘泊的粘度。
10.如权利要求8所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述药物活性成份可以从以下范围中选择:布洛芬、扑热息痛和假麻黄碱。
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- 1999-10-28 CA CA002287764A patent/CA2287764A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-10-29 BR BR9905339-0A patent/BR9905339A/pt unknown
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101932263B (zh) * | 2008-02-04 | 2012-07-18 | 钟宇实业 | 手动滴瓶 |
CN105346812A (zh) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-24 | 双峰格雷斯海姆医药玻璃(丹阳)有限公司 | 易取液螺纹口管制瓶 |
CN105346812B (zh) * | 2015-11-13 | 2018-02-23 | 双峰格雷斯海姆医药玻璃(丹阳)有限公司 | 易取液螺纹口管制瓶 |
CN113682639A (zh) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-11-23 | 有淳包装科技(上海)有限公司 | 环保可回收滴管及滴管瓶 |
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ZA996847B (en) | 2001-05-02 |
EP1000870A1 (en) | 2000-05-17 |
AU5608799A (en) | 2000-05-04 |
USH2044H1 (en) | 2002-09-03 |
JP2000177761A (ja) | 2000-06-27 |
US20010042572A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
CA2287764A1 (en) | 2000-05-02 |
USH2101H1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
BR9905339A (pt) | 2000-09-05 |
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