CN1252703A - 实时采集生物数据的个人计算机卡 - Google Patents

实时采集生物数据的个人计算机卡 Download PDF

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CN1252703A
CN1252703A CN98804342A CN98804342A CN1252703A CN 1252703 A CN1252703 A CN 1252703A CN 98804342 A CN98804342 A CN 98804342A CN 98804342 A CN98804342 A CN 98804342A CN 1252703 A CN1252703 A CN 1252703A
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P·A·利希特
S·J·利恩
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Abstract

一种实时生物数据处理PC卡重量轻、廉价且便于携带。实时生物数据处理PC卡能够把主计算机系统转变成强大的诊断仪器。每种实时生物数据处理PC卡输入和处理来自一个或多个生物传感器的生物数据,并且与其它实时生物数据处理PC卡通用。具有三种不同实时生物数据处理PC卡的行医者,例如每种卡对应不同的生物数据采集装置,相当于携带了三种全功能的、强大的诊断仪器。通过插入实时生物数据处理PC卡,对于每一种生物数据采集装置,都可以充分利用主个人计算机的全部资源。并将其转变成强大的诊断仪器。

Description

实时采集生物数据的个人计算机卡
本发明通常涉及个人计算机(PC)卡，更特别地涉及与个人计算机一起用于实时采集生物数据的PC卡。
美国健康保健系统正处于从专用医学向更有意识的、面向初级保健的系统的转变过程中。具有诊断和监护病人的廉价装置的设备在市场中有希望获得成功。在医学工业中，存在许多现有数据采集装置，但是这些装置，如果有的话，很少是廉价的、重量极轻的、便于携带的、精确的、多功能的、并且能与其它生物数据采集装置互换的。
一种由本发明的受让人制造的现有技术装置，包括一个与个人计算机的串口相连的诊断盒。这种诊断盒具有较昂贵的外壳、近似于书的尺寸、交流(AC)CHORD和电源适配器、串口电缆、微处理器和其它硬件元件。
诊断盒允许用户执行实时肺活量测定操作，同时使用PC机的显示器、键盘、打印机和其它功能。PC机的显示器利用可选的病人刺激指导用户，并生产用户化的报告。个人计算机的显示器能显示体积-时间和流量-体积曲线。另外，可以计算例如最大呼出体积、最大吸入体积和最大流动速率等参数，并显示在个人计算机的显示器上。
现有技术的数据采集卡通过数据采集卡将来自数据传感器的电信号传送到个人计算机。这些数据采集卡设计成个人计算机存储卡国际协会(PCMCIA)卡。
现有技术数据采集卡经常测量0到10伏的电压信号，其精度设置为12位。典型的现有技术数据采集卡包括30针接头和电缆，用于连接连接板。连接板允许用户接入各种信号。除了相对较高的电压信号范围(0到10伏)、低精度(例如12位)、额外的硬件(30针接头、电缆、和接口板)和附加可选硬件之外，这些现有技术数据采集卡具有多个输入和输出端，还有，不适合把个人计算机转变成一个强大的采集、处理和监视生物数据信号的系统。
现有技术数据采集卡不适于进行肺活量采集和分析，因为这些卡没有配备将压力信号转变为电信号的压力变换器。即使这些现有技术数据采集卡配备了压力变换器，它们也没有配备高精度、低压信号采集和调节电路。另外，现有技术数据采集卡不适于采集和处理其它生物数据，例如心电图(ECG)生物数据采集，因为这些现有技术数据采集卡没有配备任何使病人与电压冲击隔离的隔离装置，这种电压冲击能够从数据采集卡传送到病人。
另一个现有技术装置公布在授予Morgan等人的美国专利5,549,115中。MORGAN等人的专利一般地公布了一种PCMCIA格式卡，这种卡类似于软盘存储装置，适于用作数据存储装置。Morgan等人的PCMCIA格式卡配备了为主系统提供时间和日期数据的实时钟，用来同步主系统时间和数据的实际采集时间。Morgan等人的PCMCIA格式卡没有提供任何用于实时数据采集和处理的装置，因此，不适于把主PC机转变成实时采集、处理和监视生物数据信号的系统。Morgan等人的专利系统需要一台用于采集数据的独立专用计算机装置，和一台用于后续数据处理的独立个人计算机装置。
授予Thomson的美国专利5,546,432公布了一种肺活量计，它包括与手持外壳分离的电子控制装置。在包括模数(A/D)转换器和放大器的手持外壳之间的通讯是通过电缆进行的。Thomson装置具有包括专用于控制肺活量计操作的简化键盘的专用微处理器。Thomson专利的手持形外壳与PC卡截然不同。
在现有技术中需要极轻的、便于携带的实时采集、处理、和监视生物数据的系统。现有技术没有提出任何廉价的、适于把个人计算机转变成各种实时数据采集和处理系统的PC卡。
本发明的实时生物数据处理PC卡重量轻、廉价且便于携带。本发明的实时生物数据处理PC卡能把主个人计算机转变成一个强大的诊断仪器。每个实时生物数据处理PC卡都能够从一个或多个生物数据传感器输入和处理生物数据，并且与其它实时生物数据处理PC卡可互换。具有三种不同的实时生物数据处理PC卡的行医者，每一种PC卡对应一种生物数据采集装置，相当于携带三种完整的强大诊断仪器。对于每一种生物数据采集装置，通过插入实时生物数据处理PC卡中的一种，就可以利用主个人计算机的全部资源，并将其转化成强大的诊断仪器。
根据本发明，用于采集生物数据的便携式计算机卡包括一个通过空气管接收空气压力并将空气压力转变为电信号的压力变换器。便携式计算机卡包括接收和数字化电信号的模-数转换器，和在便携式计算机卡和主微处理器系统之间提供接口的便携式计算机卡。便携式计算机卡接口包括PCMCIA卡接口。一个用于接收和放大来自压力变换器的电信号的放大器安装在压力变换器和模-数转换器之间。放大的电信号与空气压力有关。便携式计算机卡还包括一个外壳，用于固定压力变换器、放大器、模-数转换器和便携式计算机卡接口。压力输入口安装在外壳上。这个压力输入口与压力变换器进行流动通讯，接收来自空气管的气压。便携式计算机卡还包括一个与外壳整体连接的柔性空气通路，为压力输入口提供气压。
根据本发明的另一个方面，便携式生物数据采集装置包括便携式计算机卡外壳、生物数据接收器、信号调整电路和便携式计算机接口。生物数据接收器接收生物数据和输出生物数据，信号调整电路接收来自生物数据接收器的生物数据并把生物数据转变成数字化的生物数据。便携式计算机卡接口安装在便携式计算机卡外壳内，并且在信号调整电路转变生物数据时，实时地与主计算机通讯，以便将数字化生物数据传送到主计算机。
生物数据接收器能接收来自脉搏血氧量测试传感器的生物数据，该传感器位于便携式生物数据采集装置的外部。生物数据接收器还接收来自ECG传感器的生物数据。生物数据传感器输出毫伏量级的低幅值信号。来自模-数转换器的数字化数据优选地具有高于12位的分辨率，最优有16位的分辨率。生物数据传感器还包括肺活量计空气管。
根据本发明的另一个方面，主计算机可以设置为多种生物数据采集装置模式中的一种。主计算机包括用于插入便携式计算机卡的便携式计算机卡槽、与插入便携式计算机卡槽的便携式计算机卡通讯的便携式计算机卡接口、微处理器、数据总线和接收来自便携式计算机卡槽内的便携计算机卡的目的数据的输入装置。便携式计算机卡接口接收来自便携式计算机卡槽内的便携式计算机卡的数字化生物数据，输入装置连接到微处理器。目的数据表示来自插入便携式计算机卡槽内的便携式计算机卡的数字化生物数据类型。目的数据或者包括指示微处理器把数字化生物数据解释成肺活量计压力数据的第一标志位，或者包括指示微处理器把数字化生物数据解释成脉搏血氧量测试电子数据的第二指示位。主计算机包括在接收第一标志位时将主计算机设置为实时肺活量计压力数据采集和分析装置、在接收第二标志位时将主计算机设置为实时脉搏血氧量测试电子数据接收和分析装置的设置装置。当从输入装置接收第三标志位时，主计算机设置成ECG数据采集装置模式。另外，当接收附加标志时，主计算机可以设置成其它生物数据采集装置模式。
依照本发明的另一个方面，多个可互换的生物数据便携计算机卡的组合包括肺活量计便携计算机卡和脉搏血氧量测量便携计算机卡。肺活量计便携计算机卡和脉搏血氧量测量便携计算机卡都可以插在个人计算机系统中，可以互换。肺活量计便携计算机卡把主计算机转变成肺活量计数据采集和分析装置，脉搏氧气测量便携计算机卡把主计算机转变成脉搏氧气测量数据采集和分析装置。可互换的生物数据便携计算机卡组合还包括ECG便携卡，以及其它计算机卡，每种卡都把主计算机转变成一种不同类型的生物数据采集和分析装置。
依照本发明的另一个方面，向主计算机传送生物数据的便携式计算机卡，包括便携式计算机卡外壳，至少一个与便携式计算机卡外壳相连的导体，与至少一个导体相连的放大器，与放大器相连的电源，和在电源和导体之间提供电绝缘的绝缘装置。导体收集来自病人的生物数据，放大器接收生物数据和输出放大的信号。绝缘装置包括光学译码器，并放置在导体和放大器之间。便携式计算机卡还包括用于数字化放大信号的模-数转换器，和在便携计算机卡和主个人计算机系统之间提供通讯连接的便携式计算机卡接口。当生物数据从病人收集到时，便携式计算机卡接口实时地将数字化的放大信号传递到主计算机。电源包括用于从主个人计算机接收功率的导体。
通过参考下面结合附图进行的描述，能够更好地理解本发明及其附加特性和优点。
附图简述
图1示例了依照本发明的实时生物数据处理PC卡；
图1a示例了图1的实时生物数据处理PC卡的端面视图，从1a-1a线方向上截取；
图1b示例了没有空气管连接的实时生物数据处理PC卡的顶面视图；
图2示例了依照本发明的实时生物数据处理PC卡和主个人计算机系统的电路的简单框图；
图3示例了依照本发明的主个人计算机系统；
图4示例了依照目前最优方案的实时生物数据处理PC卡；
图5示例了依照目前最优方案的实时生物数据处理PC卡电路的示意框图；
图6a示例了依照目前最优方案的实时生物数据处理PC卡的主电路板的简化透视图；
图6b示例了依照目前最优方案的脉搏血氧量测量计模块电路板；和
图7示例了依照目前最优方案的活结手指夹传感器。
转到图1，示例的实时生物数据处理PC卡10具有个人计算机存储卡国际协会(PCMCIA)格式的外壳12和压力变换器外壳14。压力变换器外壳14最优包括压力输入口16，用于可移动地容纳柔性空气通路18。一次性肺活量测量接口21连接在柔性空气通路18的一端，连接器连接在柔性空气通路18的另一端。根据目前方案所体现的，连接器呈平头圆锥形状，以便安装在压力输入口16内。在用户呼吸进入一次性肺活量测量接口21后，就可以从压力输入口16上去除并丢弃柔性空气通路18和一次性肺活量测量接口21
实时生物数据处理PC卡10的PCMCIA格式外壳12最优设计得与PCMCIA尺寸标准一致。依照目前最优的方案，PCMCIA格式外壳的宽度近似为2.95英寸。PCMCIA格式外壳12的长度最优近似为3.40英寸。依照目前最优的方案，压力变换器外壳14的尺寸大于PCMCIA规范的允许值。依照目前方案所体现的，压力变换器外壳14的高度大约为1英寸。这些加大的压力变换器尺寸有利于放置生物传感器电路，例如压力变换器。
图1a示例了实时生物数据处理PC卡10的端面视图，沿着图1的1a-1a线方向上截取，图1b示例了实时生物数据处理PC卡10的顶面视图。主个人计算机27包括PCMCIA格式插槽30，为了便于插入PCMCIA格式外壳12，该插槽的大小遵从PCMCIA尺寸标准。
图2示例了与实时生物数据处理PC卡10和主个人计算机27相关的元件框图简图。实时生物数据处理PC卡10包括压力传感器32、放大器34、模-数转换器36，模-数定时电路38，存储缓冲器41和PCMCIA接口43。柔性空气通路18连接一次性肺活量测量接口21到压力传感器32，导线45连接压力传感器32到放大器34。放大器34通过导线47连接到模-数转换器36，模-数转换器36通过导线50连接到存储缓冲器41。导线52连接模-数转换器36到模数定时线路38，导线54连接模-数定时电路38到PCMCIA接口43。存储缓冲器41通过导线51连接到PCMCIA接口43。当实时生物数据处理PC卡10插入PCMCIA格式插槽30时，PCMCIA接口43通过总线61连接到PCMCIA总线接口58。
主个人计算机27包括微处理器61、存储器63、显示器65、键盘67、和PCMCIA接口70。当然，主个人计算机27可以包括其它未显示在图2上的元件。微处理器61通过总线72连到存储器63，通过总线74连到键盘67。总线76连接显示器65到总线74，总线78连接显示器65到键盘67。微处理器61通过总线81连接到PCMCIA接口70，PCMCIA接口70通过总线83连接到PCMCIA总线接口58。
当实时生物数据处理PC卡10和主个人计算机27如图2中设计时，在器件10和27之间的通讯能通过标准化的PCMCIA协议进行。PCMCIA开发指导-第二版，在1994年由Sycard Technology出版，该书的内容在此引用作为参考，公布了关于PCMCIA规范和协议的信息。
虽然图2示出的方案包括压力传感器32和一次性肺活量测量接口21，但是任何生物数据传感器和/或相关元件都可以合并到实时生物数据处理PC卡10中。依照目前最优的方案，每个具有不同生物数据格式的生物数据传感器可以设计成独立的实时生物数据处理PC卡。各种实时生物数据处理PC卡具有互换性，由此可以把主个人计算机设计成各种实时生物数据采集和处理模式。另外，单个实时生物数据处理PC卡10可以设计成包括一个或多个不同类型的生物数据传感器。根据本发明，各种通用实时生物数据处理PC卡能把主个人计算机27设计成各种采集、处理和监视模式，例如包括肺活量测试、心电图扫描(包括休息、24小时、紧张测试、信号平均，事件ECG，和心率变化)、血压、体温、脑电图扫描(EEG)，心电图扫描、DOPPLER、脉搏血氧量测试(SP02)、睡眠分析、TCP02、TCPC02、二氧化氮、CAPNOGRAPHY、呼吸速率、脉搏速率、多核糖扫描、一氧化氮、胃食管pH，氢、氮氧化物、身体成分、糖分测量、声音测量、体积描记器、体重、肌动电流测量、UROMETRY、和TYMPANOMETRY。在利用相应的实时生物数据处理PC卡配置之后，主个人计算机27还可以搜集和处理其它生物数据。
图2示出的、将主个人计算机27设置成肺活量测试仪的实时生物数据处理PC卡10从嘴接口21接收压力信号。优选地包括压力变换器的压力传感器32将压力信号转换为电信号，电信号又通过放大器34放大。由模-数定时电路38定时的模-数转换器36接收来自放大器34的放大的生物数据信号，并将其数字化。模-数定时电路38提供定时信号，这有利于在导线47上对放大生物数据的取样。这种数字化生物数据输出到导线50上。存储缓冲器41接收数字化生物数据，并输出这种数字化生物数据到导线51，其中数字化生物数据能到达PCMCIA接口43。存储缓冲器41最优包括先入先出(FIFO)缓冲器，在不需要缓冲能力的地方可以忽略该缓冲器以简化设计。实时生物数据处理PC卡10还包括控制电路，PCMCIA接口43最优包括输入输出(I/O)接口胶合逻辑和输入输出连接器。
当把实时生物数据处理PC卡10插入主计算机27的PCMCIA格式插槽30时，微处理器61、主计算机27的PCMCIA接口70和实时生物数据处理PC卡10的PCMCIA接口43开始通过建立的PCMCIA格式规范进行通讯。微处理器61判断插入PCMCIA格式插槽30的实时生物数据处理PC卡的类型。在图2的示例中，来自PCMCIA接口43的目的数据指示微处理器61已经插入肺活量测试类型实时生物数据处理PC卡10。另外，来自PCMCIA接口43的目的数据可以把实时生物数据处理PC卡10鉴别为向主个人计算机27传送氧化测试、ECG、或其它生物数据。作为图2示例的方案的另一种方案或附加于其上，用户可以通过键盘67或显示器65输入目的数据，指示插入主个人计算机27的PCMCIA格式插槽30中的实时生物数据处理PC卡10的类型。
当主个人计算机27已经设置实时生物数据处理PC卡10后，主个人计算机27通过显示器65提示用户开始肺活量测试。依照目前方案所体现的，为了指导病人如何进行生物数据测试，在主个人计算机27上使用了例如有趣的显示和声音的多媒体装置。显示器65提示病人开始测试，并在测试期间利用有趣的提示指导病人。将这种多媒体指导系统设计成帮助病人，特别在家庭疾病管理环境中的病人，例如帮助哮喘和膀胱纤维化的病人遵守测试协议。另外，，本发明系统还降低了为了成功地进行生物数据测试而对熟练工作者的需要。
来自压力传感器32的生物数据，在经放大器34和模-数转换器36处理后，最优立即从实时生物数据处理PC卡10的PCMCIA接口43传送到主个人计算机27的PCMCIA接口70。当已经接收到指示实时生物数据处理PC卡10是肺活量测试实时生物数据处理PC卡的目的数据时，将主个人计算机27设置成具有全部的肺活量测试数据采集、处理、和监视装置。例如，体积-时间波形或流量-体积曲线显示在显示器65上，指示通过压力传感器32接收的实时生物数据。其它参数，例如最大呼出体积、最大吸入体积、和最大流动速率，可以显示在主个人计算机27的显示器65上。这些数据也可以按照各种分析和比较格式进行编辑和打印。
图3示例了依照目前最优方案的主个人计算机27。主个人计算机27最优包括个人数字助手(PDA)。主个人计算机27包括膝上型计算机的任何桌面。当主个人计算机27包括个人数字助手时，依照目前最优的方案，最优使用Window CE(神马)软件。这种软件最优在Window CE操作系统上运行。其它的商用软件包，或定制软件包，可用于本发明。由用户的手90拿着的点击设备87可通过触摸屏65输入数据到主个人计算机27。当已经插入图1所示的实时生物数据处理PC卡10时，把主个人计算机27设置成强大的肺活量测试数据采集和分析仪器。因为实时生物数据处理PC卡10使用主计算机系统27的键盘67、显示器65、存储器63、微处理器61、电源(未示出)、和数据传送和打印装置(未示出)，所以实时生物数据处理PC卡10本身在设计上是很便宜和基本的。然而，实时生物数据处理PC卡10是很强大的。在主个人计算机27中安装的软件最优设置成允许实时生物数据处理PC卡10通过PCMCIA格式与其它多种个人计算机，例如台式个人计算机或笔记本个人计算机，进行通讯。
主个人计算机27能通过任何传统装置传送数据，例如串口电缆或通过RJ11电话插头的调制解调器连接。例如，数据可以通过因特网传输。例如，在家庭疾病管理中，主个人计算机27能设置成采集、处理、和传输关于病人的药品、饮食、症状和其它参数的附加信息。因而，各种本发明元素的组合提供了十分便携的、重量轻的和廉价的用于诊断和监视病人的装置。
图4示例了具有一次性肺活量测试接口21和脉搏血氧量测试手指夹98的实时生物数据处理PC卡10，。相同的元件分配了相同的参考号码。象图1的方案一样，一次性肺活量测试接口21通过柔性空气通路18和压力输入口16连接到压力变换器外壳14。脉搏血氧量测试手指夹98通过脉搏血氧量测试电缆101连接到压力变换器外壳14，其中电缆101过渡进入连接器103。
图5示例了图4中目前最优方案的示意性流程图。基本上，来自脉搏血氧量测试传感器105的数据，例如脉搏血氧量测试夹98(图4)，通过导线110输入到脉搏血氧量测试模块107。依照目前方案所体现的，在脉搏血氧量测试手指夹98和连接实时生物数据处理PC卡10的电源(未示出)之间放置一个光耦，以阻止病人从那里受到震动。来自脉搏血氧量测试模块107的数据通过导线112反馈到PCMCIA接口43。脉搏血氧量测试模块107最优包括相似于放大器34、模-数转换器36、模-数定时电路38和存储缓冲器41的元件。脉搏血氧量测试模块107可以与元件34、36、38、41组合在一起，或如目前方案所体现的，在脉搏血氧量测试模块107中保持各元件的独立性。
依照本发明方案，主个人计算机27实时接收、处理、和监视肺活量测试数据和脉搏血氧量测试数据，或者同步或者异步地进行。在目前最优的方案中，目的数据指示主个人计算机27实时生物数据处理PC卡10同时包括肺活量测试数据和脉搏血氧量测试数据传感器。压力传感器32还可以安装在一次性肺活量测试接口21上，如同放大器34、模-数转换器36、和模-数定时电路38，或其任意组合一样。这些元件中的任何一个或全部，以及存储缓冲器41，均可以放置在一次性肺活量测试接口上、脉搏血氧量测试传感器105上，或者放置在实时生物数据处理PC卡10上，或者放置在其中的任意组合上，或一起去掉。因为本发明不想限制于PCMCIA接口43，能够将模拟信号传送到主个人计算机27的任何电路都可以降低对实时生物数据处理PC卡10上的元件的需要。脉搏血氧量测试传感器105和脉搏血氧量测试模块107可以通过位于明尼苏达州，普利茅斯的NONIN制药公司制造。依照一个方案，脉搏血氧量测试传感器105包括一个由NONIN制药公司制造的8600便携式脉搏血氧量测试仪。
图6a示例了目前最优方案的的主电路板118，通常对应图5的32-54元件。主电路板118示例包括数个IC芯片121、压力输入口16和压力传感器32。脉搏血氧量测试模块连接器125容纳在图6b所示的脉搏血氧量测试模块连接器127。图6b的脉搏血氧量测试模块连接器127电连接到辅助电路板130。辅助电路板130通常对应图5的脉搏血氧量模块107。
图7示例了连接到用户手87的脉搏血氧量测试手指夹98的透视图。脉搏血氧量测试手指夹通过脉搏血氧量测试电缆101连接到辅助电路板130。
尽管已经示出和描述发明的典型方案，在不偏离本发明宗旨和范围的条件下，除了在上文所提及的以外，本领域的技术人员可以进行许多其它的改变、修订和替换。

Claims (27)

1.用于采集生物数据的便携式计算机卡，包括：
压力变换器，压力变换器接收来自空气管的空气压力并还将空气压力转变为电信号；
模-数转换器，接收并数字化电信号；和
便携式计算机卡接口，在便携式计算机卡和主微处理器系统之间提供接口。
2.权利要求1的便携式计算机卡，便携式计算机卡接口包括符合个人计算机存储卡国际协会(PCMCIA)的卡接口。
3.权利要求1的便携式计算机卡，还包括：
接收和放大来自压力变换器的电信号的放大器，放大的电信号与气压有关；和
外壳、压力变换器、放大器、模-数转换器，和安装在外壳内的便携式计算机卡接口。
4.权利要求2的便携式计算机卡，还包括安装在外壳内的压力输入口，压力输入口与压力变换器进行液体通讯，接收来自空气管的气压。
5.权利要求4的便携式计算机卡，还包括完整地连接到外壳的柔性空气通路，压力输入口通过柔性空气通路接收来自空气管的气压。
6.便携式生物数据采集装置，包括：
便携式计算机卡外壳；
生物数据接收器，用于接收生物数据和输出生物数据；
信号调节电路，用于接收来自生物数据接收器的生物数据，并将其转变为数字化生物数据；和
安装在便携式计算机卡外壳内的便携式计算机卡接口，当生物数据由信号调节电路转变时，便携式计算机卡接口与主计算机实时通讯并向主计算机传送数字化的生物数据。
7.权利要求6的便携式生物数据采集装置，生物数据接收器接收来自脉搏血氧量测试传感器的生物数据，其中传感器安装在便携式生物数据采集装置的外部。
8.权利要求7的便携式生物数据采集装置，生物数据接收器还接收来自心电图扫描(ECG)传感器的生物数据。
9.权利要求6的便携式生物数据采集装置，生物数据接收器接收来自ECG传感器的生物数据。
10.权利要求6的便携式生物数据采集装置，便携式计算机卡外壳具有外表面，和
包括生物数据传感器的生物数据接收器，其中传感器连接到便携式计算机卡外壳的外表面。
11.权利要求10的便携式生物数据采集装置，生物数据传感器输出毫伏量级的低幅值信号，和
信号调节电路输出精度高于12位的数字化生物数据。
12.权利要求11的便携式生物数据采集装置，信号调节电路输出16位精度的数字化生物数据。
13.权利要求12的便携式生物数据采集装置，信号调节电路包括：
连接到生物数据传感器上的压力变换器；
连接到压力变换器上的放大器；和
连接到放大器上的模-数转换器。
14.权利要求10的便携式生物数据采集装置，生物数据传感器整体形成在便携式计算机卡外壳的外表面上。
15.权利要求14的便携式生物数据采集装置，生物数据传感器包括肺活量计空气管。
16.权利要求6的便携式生物数据采集装置，便携式计算机卡接口包括PCMCIA接口。
17.可设置成多种生物数据采集装置模式的主计算机，包括
便携式计算机卡槽，用于插入便携式计算机卡；
便携式计算机卡接口，与插入便携式计算机卡槽的便携式计算机卡进行通讯，接收来自插入便携式计算机卡槽的便携式计算机卡的数字化生物数据；
微处理器；
数据总线，连接在微处理器和便携式计算机卡接口之间；
输入装置，接收来自便携式计算机卡槽内的便携式计算机卡的目的数据，输入装置有效地连接到微处理器，目的数据指示来自插入便携式计算机卡槽的便携式计算机卡的数字化生物数据的类型，目的数据包括第一标志符和第二标志符中的一个，第一标志符指示微处理器将数字化生物数据解释成肺活量计-压力数据，第二标志符指示微处理器将数字化生物数据解释成脉搏血氧量测试电子数据；和
设置装置，当接收到第一标志符时，把主计算机设置成实时肺活量计-压力数据采集和分析装置，当接收到第二标志符时，把主计算机设置成实时脉搏血氧量测试电气数据，设置装置连接到微处理器。
18.权利要求17的主计算机，主计算机也可设置成ECG数据采集装置模式。
19.权利要求18的主计算机，除了肺活量计生物数据采集装置模式和脉搏血氧量测试生物数据采集装置模式，主计算机还可设置成其它的数据采集装置模式。
20.权利要求17的主计算机，输入装置接收来自键盘或触摸屏的目的数据。
21.权利要求17的主计算机，输入装置接收来自便携计算机卡的目的数据。
22.权利要求17的主计算机，便携式计算机卡槽包括PCMCIA卡槽。
23.多种可互换的生物-数据便携式计算机卡的组合，包括：
a) 肺活量计便携式计算机卡，包括：
1) 具有外表面的肺活量计便携式计算机卡外壳；
2) 安装在肺活量计便携式计算机卡外壳内的压力输入口，压力输入口接收来自空气管的气压；
3) 安装在肺活量计便携式计算机卡外壳内的压力变换器，压力变换器通过压力输入口接收来自空气管的气压，并产生电信号，所产生的电信号的强度与接收到气压成比例；
4) 连接到压力变换器的放大器，放大器接收所产生的电信号，并输出放大信号；
5) 连接到放大器的模-数转换器，模-数转换器数字化放大的信号；
6) 安装在肺活量计便携式计算机卡外壳内的便携式计算机卡接口，便携式计算机卡接口与主计算机通讯，当电信号由气压产生时，实时地向主计算机传递数字化放大信号；和
b) 脉搏血氧量测试便携式计算机卡，包括：
1) 具有外表面的脉搏血氧量测试便携式计算机卡；
2) 至少一个连接到脉搏血氧量测试便携式计算机卡外壳的导体，至少一个采集来自病人的血氧量测试数据的导体；
3) 连接到至少一个导体的模-数转换器，模-数转换器数字化放大的信号；和
4) 安装在脉搏血氧量测试便携式计算机卡外壳内的便携式计算机卡接口，便携式计算机卡接口与主计算机通讯，并当脉搏血氧量测试数据从病人处采集时，实时地向主计算机传递数字化的放大的信号。
24.权利要求23的可互换的生物数据便携式计算机卡的多种组合，肺活量计便携式计算机卡把主计算机转变成肺活量计数据接收和分析装置，和
脉搏血氧量测试便携式计算机卡把主计算机转变成脉搏血氧量测试数据采集和分析装置。
25.权利要求23的可互换的生物数据便携式计算机卡的多种组合，还包括ECG便携式计算机卡，它包括：
1) 具有外表面的ECG便携式计算机卡外壳；
2) 至少一个连接到ECG便携式计算机卡外壳的导体，该至少一个导体采集来自病人的ECG数据；
3) 连接到该至少一个导体的放大器，放大器接收电信号和输出放大信号；
4) 连接到放大器的模-数转换器，模-数转换器数字化放大的信号；和
5) 安装在ECG便携式计算机卡外壳内的便携式计算机卡接口，便携式计算机卡接口与主计算机通讯，并当ECG数据从病人处采集时，实时地向主计算机传递数字化的放大的信号。
26.用于传送生物数据到主计算机的便携式计算机卡，包括：
具有外表面的便携式计算机卡外壳；
至少一个连接到便携式计算机卡外壳的导体，该至少一个导体采集来自病人的数据；
连接到所述至少一个导体的放大器，放大器接收电信号和输出放大信号；
连接到放大器的电源；
在电源和所述至少一个导体之间提供电绝缘的绝缘装置，绝缘装置位于至少一个导体和放大器之间；
连接到放大器的模-数转换器，模-数转换器数字化放大的信号；和
安装在便携式计算机卡外壳内的便携式计算机卡接口，便携式计算机卡接口与主计算机通讯，并当生物数据从病人处采集时，实时地向主计算机传送数字化的放大的信号。
27.权利要求26的传送生物数据到主计算机的便携式计算机卡，绝缘装置包括光学译码器，和
电源包括接收来自主计算机的功率的导体。
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DE69831954D1 (de) 2006-03-02
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CA2281497A1 (en) 1998-09-03
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US5827179A (en) 1998-10-27
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AU6182498A (en) 1998-09-18
EP1003413A1 (en) 2000-05-31
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