CN1178958A - 直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法 - Google Patents

直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法 Download PDF

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CN1178958A
CN1178958A CN97118223A CN97118223A CN1178958A CN 1178958 A CN1178958 A CN 1178958A CN 97118223 A CN97118223 A CN 97118223A CN 97118223 A CN97118223 A CN 97118223A CN 1178958 A CN1178958 A CN 1178958A
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posture
palette
input
screen
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CN1093951C (zh
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苏斯鲁格·努姆·皮苏萨-阿诺德
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Motorola Mobility LLC
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G06F3/04883Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures for inputting data by handwriting, e.g. gesture or text
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/0354Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72403User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
    • H04M1/7243User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality with interactive means for internal management of messages
    • H04M1/72436User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality with interactive means for internal management of messages for text messaging, e.g. SMS or e-mail
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/048Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/04807Pen manipulated menu
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M2250/00Details of telephonic subscriber devices
    • H04M2250/22Details of telephonic subscriber devices including a touch pad, a touch sensor or a touch detector

Abstract

用户在电子装置的屏幕上用指向装置执行屏幕目标的人工选择或姿势选择。人工选择之后,如单个轻击,电子装置自动地呈现有明确指出电子装置功能的调色板键的临时定向调色板。每个调色板键相对于原始的轻击有独有的罗盘方向。通过在希望的调色板键上作出第二轻击,新手用户学习可用的电子装置功能和它们对应的方向姿势。且在定向调色板出现在屏幕上之前,用户可执行屏幕目标和功能的姿势选择,如双击或在适当的方向画线。

Description

直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法
本发明通常涉及用户接口,更具体地,涉及允许姿势(gesture)的图象用户接口。
通常地,图象用户接口用线性的菜单、屏幕键、和指向装置,如鼠标、操纵杆、或触摸盘,以控制电子机器,如计算机或计算机控制的装置。指向装置选择屏幕的区域,以指示希望的功能,然后,选择键,如鼠标键命令执行那个功能。为使用户知道什么功能是可用的,在连续的基底上,线性的菜单和屏幕键明确地描绘或以图标显示它们的功能,这减少可用于向用户显示其它信息的显示器空间量。为使线性的菜单和屏幕键占用的显示器空间最小,基于主菜单项目的选择,下拉或其它子菜单可列出次要的选择和显示另外的功能。
几个基于笔或针的电子产品采用了“姿势”用户接口作为执行常用功能的捷径。然而,姿势只可用为对传统的线性的菜单和屏幕键图象用户接口的补充,因此,减少显示器空间的问题保留在两种用户接口中。通过简单的、已知的动作,姿势用户接口允许迅速接入功能。例如,代替用指向装置选择要被删除的字母和按“删除”键,用户能用针简单地勾过字(从左到右),则它们将被删除。可惜,大多数可用的姿势不像这个删除例子这么直观。姿势捷径也根本不同于达到同样功能的线性的菜单和屏幕键方法。
因此,这些姿势用户接口意味着只能由专家用户使用。新手用户无法容易地弄清可用什么姿势。新手用户首先必须从用户手册或屏上“帮助”文件学习可用的姿势和它们的功能并记忆这些姿势。如果忘记姿势,用户必须以同样的努力返回文件以重新学习姿势和它的功能。
本发明的目的是提供直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,由微处理器控制,用于有屏幕的电子装置,它允许用户在电子机器上迅速接入常用的功能,且减少对消耗显示器空间的线性的菜单和屏幕键的需要。
本发明提供直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,由微处理器控制,用于有屏幕的电子装置,包括步骤:A)在屏幕上显示屏幕目标;B)接收对应于所述屏幕目标选择的用户输入,并评估所述用户输入为对应于人工选择或对应于姿势选择;C)如果所述用户输入对应于人工选择,执行步骤:
1)自动地在所述屏幕上呈现定向调色板,所述定向调色板有至少一个调色板键,每个所述至少一个调色板键有独有的罗盘方向和独有的功能标识符;和
2)接收对应于所述至少一个调色板键的选择的下一用户输入。
本发明的优点是:简单易学,允许用户在电子机器上迅速接入常用的功能,避免文件的不方便性,并减少对消耗显示器空间的线性的菜单和屏幕键的需要。
附图简要说明:
图1示出根据优选的实施方案在电子装置上实现的直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的示意图;
图2示出根据优选的实施方案在图1中示出的电子装置的屏幕的细节;
图3示出根据优选的实施方案,当用户执行屏幕目标的人工选择时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节;
图4示出根据优选的实施方案,当定向调色板(palette)出现时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节;
图5示出根据优选的实施方案,当用户在图4中示出的定向调色板上执行调色板键的人工选择时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节;
图6示出根据优选的实施方案,当用户执行屏幕目标和功能的姿势选择时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节;
图7示出根据另一优选的实施方案,当用户在图4中示出的定向调色板上执行调色板键的人工选择时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节;
图8示出根据另一优选的实施方案,当用户执行屏幕目标的姿势选择时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节;
图9示出根据优选的实施方案,直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的运行的流程图。
直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口允许用户迅速地学习姿势作为接入计算机或基于计算机的装置的常用的功能的方法。直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口也减少对屏幕键的需求,这些屏幕键减少可用的显示器空间。优选地,直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口用基于笔或针的装置实现,且用户通过在触敏屏幕上用针轻击、或画点执行屏幕项目的人工选择。单次轻击后,装置将呈现具有相对于定向调色板中心有不同的罗盘定向的调色板键的定向调色板。每个调色板键明确地显示代表功能或其它信息项目的独有的标识符。通过作出希望的调色板键的人工选择,如第二轻击,新手用户学习装置可用的功能和它们对应的姿势。随着用户变得较熟悉电子装置,用户可连续在屏幕目标上轻击两次或沿起始于选择的屏幕目标的合适的罗盘方向画线,且不出现定向调色板,装置将适当地处理这个姿势选择。
图1示出根据优选的实施方案在电子装置上实现的直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的框图。电子装置100优选计算机或其它基于微处理器的装置。在这个框图中,电子装置100被示为有无线电话、电子邮件、和传真功能的集成无线通信装置,然而,电子装置100能是有MODEM(调制器/解调器)的台式计算机或便携计算机、电视/VCR组合、传真机、复印机、个人数字助手或类似装置。电子装置100有触敏屏幕150和按键120。指向装置190,如笔或针与屏幕150相互作用以选择屏幕的区域。当然,其它指向装置,如鼠标、操纵杆、触摸盘、或甚至人手指能代替笔或针。
图2示出根据优选的实施方案在图1中示出的电子装置的屏幕的细节。这个屏幕显示一个或多个如由微处理器指令的屏幕目标210、220、230,如在电子信箱中接收的信息的表。屏幕目标是数据的图象化再现。虽然电子邮件软件程序被用在这个例子中,许多其它程序可用其它类屏幕目标代替,如有字母索引的地址簿程序作为屏幕目标、有日历日期的日程程序作为屏幕目标、列出项目的备忘录或要作的工作程序作为屏幕目标、有定向键的电子游戏作为屏幕目标、或适用于如复印或发传真功能的电子程序。
有两种选择屏幕目标和关联的功能方法。屏幕目标的人工选择,如轻击或画点,自动地产生具有有明确的、指示对应于人工选择屏幕目标功能的标识符的调色板键的定向调色板。调色板键的人工选择,如在希望的调色板键上的第二轻击,指令执行标识的功能。另一方面,姿势选择允许同时指定屏幕目标和功能。姿势选择,如画一条在屏幕目标上起始且沿一定方向的线,由线的起点指示希望的屏幕目标和由画线的方向指示希望的功能。
为了人工选择屏幕目标,新手用户将直观地在屏幕目标上轻击或画点,以选择电子邮件消息。图3示出根据优选的实施方案,当用户执行屏幕目标的人工选择时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节。电子装置优选通过高亮轻击的区域310对用户提供可视的反馈。可选择地提供给用户音频反馈。人工选择如单次轻击或画点后,电子装置将自动地呈现给用户优选中心在发生轻击或画点的屏幕的同一区域上的定向调色板。
图4示出根据优选的实施方案,当定向调色板450出现时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节。定向调色板450呈现给用户许多调色板键。虽然示出的定向调色板450呈现给用户5个调色板键,按需要,定向调色板450可呈现给用户更多或更少调色板键。定向调色板450的形状、大小、和结构取决于选择哪个屏幕目标。每个调色板键相对于定向调色板450的中心有独有的方向,定向调色板450的中心也优选是约第一轻击的位置;这些方向可被认为像罗盘方向。每个调色板键也显示指出或示出什么功能能由激励调色板键接入的功能标识符。
在这个电子邮件例子中,屏幕目标代表接收的邮件消息。因此,当接收的邮件消息屏幕目标被人工选择时出现的定向调色板450有向北面的调色板键451,它接入取消功能。接入这个取消功能的另一方法是在调色板外的屏幕的部分上轻击。取消功能从屏幕移去目前的调色板或取消最近的操作。向东面,用户可选择调色板键452,以转发消息到另一个收件人。向南面,调色板键453指令删除消息,且向西面,调色板键454提醒用户给消息的发送者回复。最后,中心的调色板键455允许用户读消息,在任何调色板键上轻击调用在调色板键上标识的功能。
为了帮助用户学习和记忆可用的功能选项和它们相关的姿势,定向调色板450优选尽可能逻辑地呈现功能选项。在这个例子中,“回复”是向西面而“转发”是向东面。因此,用户能直觉“回复”有一些向后运动意义且“转发”有一些向前运动意义。
图5示出根据优选的实施方案,当用户在图4中示出的定向调色板上执行调色板键的人工选择时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节。用第二轻击实现调色板键的人工选择。轻击中心的调色板键455后,微处理器临时高亮调色板键455,就像它闪烁,如图2中示出的前一屏幕被选择的电子消息屏幕取代。因此,第二轻击允许用户读由第一轻击选择的消息。在这个方法中,定向调色板450教用户去“双击”以读选择的消息。
继续图5示出的定向调色板,在第一轻击的左面的在“回复”调色板键上的第二轻击,将产生回复屏幕。对应的姿势将是从右到左画的线,如图6所示。图6示出根据优选的实施方案,当用户执行屏幕目标和功能的姿势选择时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节。在屏幕目标220上,从右到左画线的姿势被用在屏幕上的线620跟踪。一旦回复姿势被微处理器识别出,回复调色板键454出现、闪烁以提供可视的反馈,且回复屏幕出现,就像如果用户从定向调色板人工选择了回复调色板键454,回复屏幕将出现。注意,接入功能的思维模式对新手用户和专家用户都是一样的。因此,对新手用户不再需要分开的、多余的屏幕键。
一旦用户学习了姿势,为接入可用的功能,用户不再需要等待定向调色板出现。因此,直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口教新手用户以姿势作为与装置相互作用的最初的方法。通过组合定向调色板和基于姿势的图象用户接口,直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口明确描绘程序功能,然而,因为在定向调色板出现之前,用户可能与装置相互作用,通过只在需要时才提供用户明确的功能选项,直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口使屏幕被更有效的使用。更进一步,通过对新手和专家用户都提供同样思维模式,新手能更容易升级为专家用户状态。
图7示出根据另一优选的实施方案,当用户在图4中示出的定向调色板上执行调色板键的人工选择时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节。定向调色板可被“堆积”,以产生任何数量的姿势和可接入功能。在标为“回复”的西面的调色板键454上的轻击产生子调色板750。子调色板750仅提供两个调色板键,西北面调色板键751向消息的发送者回复,和西南面调色板键753从可能的接收者的表中选择。子调色板750可被无穷地堆积和含有任意数量的调色板键。
图8示出根据另一优选的实施方案,当用户执行屏幕目标的姿势选择时,在图2中示出的屏幕的细节。在堆积的调色板实施方案中,姿势选择可带用户到子调色板或直接接入功能。在这个实施方案中,姿势线620由用户划出,且子调色板750出现。然而,如果姿势以西北弯道继续,回复调色板键454将第一次出现和闪烁,然后,调色板键751将出现和闪烁,且有信息发送者John的地址的回复屏幕将代替当前屏幕。因此,调色板450和子调色板750都可通过姿势的使用被旁路。
图9示出根据优选的实施方案,直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的运行的流程图。在启始步骤901之后,电子装置显示一个或多个目标,如步骤901中所示。然后,装置等待用户输入,如步骤920中所示。当用户输入被接收,屏幕的一部分被高亮以向用户提供可视的反馈。装置也能向用户提供音频反馈。装置评估接收的用户输入是屏幕目标的人工选择或是姿势选择,如步骤930所示。如果用户输入被判定为人工选择(例如,轻击),由分支933示出,装置显示定向调色板,如步骤940所示。再一次,装置等待用户输入并高亮用户输入,如步骤950所示,且评估接收的用户输入是轻击或是姿势,如步骤955所示。
如果下一个用户输入是轻击,微处理器评估用户输入是否是功能调用,如步骤960所示。如果下一个用户输入是姿势,选择的调色板键被显示为可视的反馈,如步骤970所示,且然后,微处理器评估用户输入是否是功能调用,如步骤960所示。再一次,音频反馈也能被用于确认姿势选择。
如果用户输入不是功能调用,如步骤960中所评估,装置返回步骤940,并显示下一个定向调色板(例如,子调色板)。环路963允许堆积的调色板作用,且可被执行所需要的次数直到用户输入是功能调用,如分支965所示。一旦功能调用被选择,装置闪烁选择的调色板键,且微处理器执行功能,如步骤980所示。
返回步骤930,如果初始用户输入被判定为姿势选择,如分支935所示,装置显示通过在步骤970中的姿势选择选择的调色板键以提供给用户可视的反馈。然后,装置直接进到步骤960以判定姿势是否是功能调用。一旦选择的功能被执行,结束步骤990发生,且装置可返回启始步骤901。
作为选项,定向调色板的出现的定时可改变,以激励新手用户用姿势选择而不是简单等待在作出第二轻击之前定向调色板出现。例如,当装置第一次被使用时,响应单次轻击,定向调色板迅速出现。在开始时,定向调色板的迅速出现允许用户学习可用的功能和它们对应的姿势。随着用户学习在特定的方向中作出第二轻击以激励特定的功能,在第一轻击发生了之后,定向调色板花越来越长时间出现。因此,无耐心的用户将趋于在定向调色板出现之前作出第二轻击。一旦用户在定向调色板出现之前轻击两下或画线,用户用了姿势选择但没有作出任何同样的努力以记忆姿势。如果用户忘记姿势,用户仅需要等待直到第一轻击之后定向调色板出现在屏幕上,以再学习姿势和相关功能。
因此,直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口迅速地和容易地教用户姿势,以与微处理器控制的电子装置相互作用。虽然上文描绘了直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的具体部件和功能,在本发明的真实精神和范围内,本领域的技术人员能用更少或附加的功能。本发明应仅由所附的权利要求限定。

Claims (10)

1、直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,由微处理器控制,用于有屏幕的电子装置,包括步骤:A)在屏幕上显示屏幕目标;B)接收对应于所述屏幕目标选择的用户输入,并评估所述用户输入为对应于人工选择或对应于姿势选择;C)如果所述用户输入对应于人工选择,执行步骤:
1)自动地在所述屏幕上呈现定向调色板,所述定向调色板有至少一个调色板键,每个所述至少一个调色板键有独有的罗盘方向和独有的功能标识符;和
2)接收对应于所述至少一个调色板键的选择的下一用户输入。
2、如权利要求1所述的直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,进一步包括步骤:D)如果用户输入对应于姿势选择,执行步骤:
1)提供确认所述姿势选择的用户反馈;
2)判定所述用户输入是否为功能调用;
3)如果所述用户输入是功能调用,执行功能;和
4)如果所述用户输入不是功能调用,返回所述自动地在所述屏幕上呈现定向调色板的步骤(步骤C)1))。
3、如权利要求2所述的直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,其中所述用户反馈是可视反馈。
4、如权利要求2所述的直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,其中所述用户反馈是音频反馈。
5、如权利要求1所述的直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,进一步包括步骤:
在所述自动地在所述屏幕上呈现定向调色板的步骤(步骤C)1))之前,等待可变的时间周期。
6、如权利要求1所述的直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,其中对应于人工选择的所述用户输入是画点。
7、如权利要求1所述的直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,其中对应于姿势选择的所述用户输入是画线。
8、如权利要求1所述的直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,进一步包括步骤:
在接收用户输入的步骤(步骤B))之后,提供可视的反馈。
9、如权利要求1所述的直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,进一步包括步骤:C)  3)评估所述下一用户输入为对应于人工选择或对应于姿势选择;
4)如果所述下一用户输入对应于人工选择;执行步骤:
5)判定所述下一用户输入是否是功能调用;
6)如果所述下一用户输入是功能调用,执行功能;和
7)如果所述下一用户输入不是功能调用,返回所述自动地在所述屏幕上呈现定向调色板的步骤(步骤C)1))
10、如权利要求9所述的直观的基于姿势的图象用户接口的方法,进一步包括步骤:D)如果所述用户输入对应于姿势选择,执行步骤:
1)提供确认所述姿势选择的用户反馈;
2)判定所述用户输入是否为功能调用;
3)如果所述用户输入是功能调用,执行功能;和
4)如果所述用户输入不是功能调用,返回所述自动地在所述屏幕上呈现定向调色板的步骤(步骤C)1))。
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BR9704601B1 (pt) 2013-11-05
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