CN1166159C - 一种电信交换系统及其方法 - Google Patents

一种电信交换系统及其方法 Download PDF

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CN1166159C
CN1166159C CNB971992010A CN97199201A CN1166159C CN 1166159 C CN1166159 C CN 1166159C CN B971992010 A CNB971992010 A CN B971992010A CN 97199201 A CN97199201 A CN 97199201A CN 1166159 C CN1166159 C CN 1166159C
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CN1235729A (zh
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艾伦D·康培伦
威廉F·麦卡锡
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/123—Evaluation of link metrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems 
    • H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
    • H04L12/5691—Access to open networks; Ingress point selection, e.g. ISP selection
    • H04L12/5692—Selection among different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852—Delays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/124—Shortest path evaluation using a combination of metrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/18—Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols

Abstract

电信交换系统(10)使用多协议路由选择优化，它根据一组用户优先权使用预定和测量的参数以确定选择一个用来传送数据文件到远方目的地的电信路径。交换系统(10)具有存储数据文件的第一存储器(30)，存储预定参数的第二存储器(22)，存储一组用户优先权的第三存储器(32)，测量关于每个电信路径的变参值的装置(24)和与第二和第三存储器(22和23)和变参操作性地相连的处理器装置(26)以确定应使用多个电信路径的哪一个。

Description

一种电信交换系统及其方法
本申请基于1996年10月31日在美国专利与商标局申请并分配序列号08/741,130的待审查的专利申请并要求该申请的优先权。
本发明涉及电信，特别涉及一种根据静态和动态地改变变量和用户优先权的分析从多个可用的路径中动态地选择最优电信路径的方法和设备。
电信工业近来从用于语音通信的电话简单模拟连接迅速改变为发送和接收数据、传真、电子邮件、视频、音频、和模拟与数字形式的语音(这里统称为数据)的目前系统。数据可以以各种不同的形式传输，例如数据文件、数据包、封装包、或数据流(这里统称为数据文件)。已经并继续建立了不同类型的电信系统，起着通过众多媒介传输数据的中坚系统的作用。例如，数据可以通过POTS(通常的旧电话系统)、租用线路、移动蜂窝网、数字链路、光纤、卫星链路以及专用和公用数据包交换网络例如因特网从一个用户传输给另一个。
另外，在使用不同类型的这些传输媒介的业务提供者中存在着多个的价格竞争。例如，所谓长途业务提供者例如AT&T和MCT彼此竞争提供价格以获得更大的消费者、商业、非赢利组织和政府用户的市场分额。作为可得到的众多类型的电信业务，和这些业务的提供者间竞争的结果，用户经常面临关于选择将为他们提供最优值的业务的困难抉择。
经常，在一定时刻用户可得到一个以上的电信业务提供者以选择作为将要传输的数据的载体。例如，用户可以预订两个或更多的长途业务提供者，并可以通过先拨业务提供者的电话号码，然后拨目的地电话号码而在一定时间访问其中之一。另外，用户可以有不同类型的媒介以供选择；例如，可以通过因特网、卫星等建立连接。这在商业环境下尤其正确，其中经济考虑允许可得到众多的电信资源以使用。
现有技术通常将低费用认为是数据传输作出的路由判断的因素。同样的，所谓“最低费用路由”设备激增，允许呼叫由一定时间提供最低费用的业务提供者建立。PBX(专用小交换机)系统可以使用沿着所得到的最便宜的路由自动将呼叫方与目的地号码连接的这种最低费用路由设备。
本发明认识到在一定时间电信媒介的最优值并非一定是可用选择的最低费用，也就是说，路由选择的优化不仅包括低费用，还要考虑例如媒介的传输带宽、在用户需要使用它的特定时间的可用性，安全性和可靠性等其它因素。而且，用户的优先权可能有时改变，而且关于一个数据文件传输的需求可能与另一个文件的需求不同。也就是说，用户可能想以最快的速度传输处于紧急状态的文件，而不考虑它的费用。一些文件可能需要不能非法窃听的高安全性，而另一些文件可能仅需要在不久的将来的任何时间以最低费用传输，而并不关心速度。
因此，本发明认识到在一定时间数据传输最优路由的选择是必须实时进行的动态分析，并必须考虑关于可用的媒介以及用户和要传输文件的优先权的各种因数。
美国专利5,337,352公开了一种维护多个租户的PBX系统，其中每个租户可以指定应当选择多个路由的哪一个为最高优先权，然后是第二最高优先权等等。每个租户根据他们的需求和可用的资源预定路由选择，而且选择存于PBX的表中。一旦一个租户想建立呼叫，PBX就观察表以确定该特定租户的最高优先权路由，并因此连接呼叫。如果该路由不可用，那么根据预定的租户表，连接下一个优先权路由。因此，预定强弱顺序(pecking order)由每个租户建立并存入PBX。因为每个租户必须预定所使用的特定提供者的优先权，所以该系统是静态的而且在实时基础上是不可变的。尽管该专利的系统检测最高预定优先权路由的可用性并如果它不能得到就使用下一个最高优先权，但这种分析仅是一种离散的是/否调查而且并不考虑通过路由的目前通信量以在相对基础上分析路由的可用性。
因此本发明的一个目的是克服上述现有技术系统的缺点。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种通过在实时基础上分析多协议组选择将呼叫连接到远方位置的最优电信路径的系统和方法，通过该路径传送数据文件。
本发明进一步的目的是提供这样一种多协议路由优化的系统和方法，它分析关于特定数据文件传输的用户优先权以确定呼叫的最优路由。
本发明更进一步的目的是提供这样一种多协议路由优化的系统和方法，它分析关于实时基础上路由的各种因数以确定呼叫的最优路由。
本发明更进一步的目的是提供这样一种多协议路由优化的系统和方法，它允许用户不考虑预设的默认值并在一个文件接一个文件的基础上指定关键的传送参数。
根据这些和其它的目的，提供一种电信交换系统，包括保存传送到远方目的地的数据文件的第一存储器和多个与第一存储器连接的接口，其中每个接口与能将数据文件传送到远方目的地的相关电信路径互连。交换系统包括存储与每个电信路径相关的预定参数的第二存储器和测量与每个电信路径相关的变参值的装置。第三存储器存储一组关于数据文件传输的用户优先权。处理器装置与第二和第三存储器和变参测量装置操作性地相连，以根据一组用户优先权、预定电信路径参数和测量的变参确定应使用多个电信路径中的哪一个以传送数据文件。交换系统还包括允许用户在传输文件前改变第三存储器中的用户优先权的输入装置。
例如，变参测量装置进行对每个电信路径的数据传送速度的测量，例如通过所谓的声脉冲测试。在第二存储器存储的预定参数包括使用每个电信路径的每单位时间花费，它可能是每日的当前时间和/或每星期的当前日的函数。在第二存储器存储的预定参数还包括每个路径的数据传送可靠性的测量值和每个路径的数据传送带宽的测量值。交换系统可能还包括用于确定在特定时间是否有可用接口以传送数据文件的装置。
在利用本发明交换系统的方法方面，提供一种根据一组用户优先权确定应使用多个电信路径中的哪一个以传输数据文件的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：测量每个所述路径的变参、分析测量的变参和与用户优先权有关的预定参数；和根据用户优先权确定哪个路径可提供用户想要的特性以传输文件。
图1是使用多协议路由选择优化的本发明交换系统的功能方框图；
图2是由本发明实施的主要程序的流程图；和
图3是由本发明实施的接口分析子程序的流程图。
图1说明本发明电信交换系统10的方框图，它可以例如在个人电脑平台、个人数字助理(PDA)、例如PBX，或类似的专门系统上实现。交换系统10根据用户资源连接到各种电信媒介。尤其是，交换系统10可以配置为经由T1接口12连接高速数字链路、经由LAN接口14连接局域网(LAN)、经由WAN接口16连接广域网(WAN)、经由POTS接口18连接通常旧电话系统(POTS)中的本地回路、和经由无线接口20连接无线通信网。接口12、14、16、18和20是示范性的并为了说明本发明的最优实施例而提供。因此，实际上，可以按用户需要单独或以各种结合使用任何数目的上述接口。例如，一些传统载体例如MCI、AT&T和SPRINT可以配置连接交换系统10以使用户可以通过这里将要描述的多协议路由选择优化利用每个载体的相对益处。而且，可以配置无线接口20以通过例如红外线、射频和类似物的不同类型的电磁装置的任何一种通信。
每个连到图1的各种接口的电信媒介具有与由本发明路由选择方法实现有关的特定参数。路由选择方法将这些参数分为预定的(固定的)或可测量的(变化的)。关于预定参数的数据存入交换系统10的存储器22，而关于可测参数的数据必须由路径分析模块24在数据文件传送的时间或附近从每个接口实时地收集以使路由选择方法作出正确分析。
存储器22存储的预定参数包括，但不仅限于此，如下所示：
    表A
$最大带宽(i)：接口(i)可用的带宽最大值。例如，28.8kbs的
              的调制解调器具有置为28.8的$最大带宽变量。
$可靠性(i)：接口(i)根据下面的标度的可靠性的指示：
                   10＝非可靠传送(无线)
                   50＝中度可靠(例如调制解调器)
                   75＝非常可靠(例如T1、WAN)
                   100＝最可靠(例如以太网LAN)
$经济性(i)：一段时间内接口(i)的花费，其被归一化以
            使高费用接口产生经济性的低测量值：
                   $经济性(i)＝100-费用/分钟
$可用性(i)：一个特定用户的接口(i)的可用性。不是系统的
            所有用户都能访问每个接口；例如在共享的PBX
            环境中仅有一定的用户可以访问T1接口。
                   $可用性＝0    不可用
                         $可用性＝1  可用
$安全性(i)        路径相对数据安全性的指示，它例如可以是
                  加密键比特数(例如1024)的函数
可测参数包括，但不局限于：
表B
$当前状态(i)       接口(i)的当前状态，指示电信路径现在是
                   否可操作。
                   $当前状态＝0不可操作
                   $当前状态＝1可操作
$平均状态(i)       前5分钟窗口的$当前状态(i)的平均值。
$数据大小(i)       将要传输的数据文件以KB表示的大小。
$等待时间(i)       通过路径(i)的延时以毫秒表示的测量值。这
                   是基于诸如通过所谓的到远方主机的声脉冲在
                   接口处的实时测试。
$时间              每天的时间/每星期的天；这对于所有接口都相
                   同。
$可用带宽(i)       接口(i)在文件传送的给定时间的可用带宽
本发明不是仅依赖预先编程的“最低费用”路由选择标准，而是使用上面表A和B中出现的所有或一逻辑子集的变量以达到要传输数据文件的路由选择判断。也就是说，通过使用本发明的多协议路由选择优化，所选择的用于传输数据文件的路径考虑到参数的实时变化，因此不像现有技术中那样依赖于简单的预先编程好的低费用提供者的检查表。而且，用户可以关于传输特定文件中的重要的参数，例如低费用、高速度、可靠性、安全性等指定他的优先权，以确定路由选择。
本发明所使用的方法由路由选择优化模块26(它可以在微处理器中实现)处理，并使用两个主要成份，其包括上面表A和B列出的参数的可变结合。第一个成份是一个特定电信路径的固有效率和期望性的测量值，并由如下等式给出：
(1)$前一值(i)＝$最大带宽(i)+$可靠性(i)+$经济性(i)
               +$安全性(i)
变量$前一值是随着特定路径的高带宽、高可靠性、经济性的高测量值(低费用)和/或高度的安全性而增加的线形值。该变量对于给定路径来说基本不变，除了$经济性参数部分地基于从实时时钟28导出的$时间变量(路径的费用是每天的时间/每星期的天的函数)。
本发明的路由选择方法使用的第二成份部分地基于由于很多原因可能显现较宽偏差的实时参数，它们中的一些可能不受用户控制：
(2)$当前值(i)＝$经济性(i)×$速度(i)+$平均状态(i)
               ×10
其中$速度(i)＝10,000-($数据大小(i)×$等待时间(i)×
              100)
结果：
$当前值(i)＝$经济性(i)×(10,000-($数据大小(i)×$
            等待时间(i)×100))+$平均状态(i)×10
因此，给定路径(i)的$当前值(i)因为路径具有更大经济性(低费用)、小的数据文件大小和/或通过路径少的等待时间(高速度)而将变高。
接着所用的最优路由的选择是上面在等式(1)和(2)中计算出的值的结合：
(3)$最终值(i)＝$前一值(i)+$当前值(i)
             ＝$最大带宽(i)+$可靠性(i)+$经济性(i)
                   +$安全性(i)+($经济性(i)×
                   (10,000-($数据大小(i)×$等待时间
                   (i)×100))+$平均状态(i)×10)
接着如下面流程图将要描述的那样，路径优化方法模块26为在可用的、可操作的系统中的每个路径采用最高$最终值(i)，并与25或更高的门限($平均状态×10)值相遇。本方法因此允许在本系统所使用的多协议分析的基础上的优化选择，而不是简单的最低费用路由选择判断。
路径分析功能模块24通过现有技术所熟知的用于得到IP可寻址路径的等待时间的任何方法，例如通过最著名的叫做“声脉冲(ping)”的实用软件得到每个路径(i)的值$等待时间(i)。声脉冲程序发送包到网上并得到该包到达目的地并返回所经历的平均延时值。允许系统得到路径等待时间测量值的其它技术也包含在本发明中。
用户可以根据在用户优先权存储器32中存储的他的特定需求定制为表A和B中所出现的每个变量所给出的相对加权。这些固定加权值将存入交换系统的存储器中，并结合根据本发明传送所有文件的路由选择方法使用。加权值作为算法中变量的乘数使用以允许用户按需地定制算法。例如用户可能想在分析中强调$安全性(i)参数，而且可能指定(例如)2为加权乘数，以使$安全性(i)参数两倍于处于默认状态的$安全性(i)参数加权。
另外，用户可以通过输入用户接口34而对任何给定文件的传输以临时值取代存储器中预先编程的固定参数加权。用户接口可以是允许用户输入数据的任何类型的设备，例如键盘、鼠标等。
参数加权的另一种形式中，用户也可以迫使程序忽略一定参数而只集中在一个参数以达到路由选择判断。例如，如果用户想通过最快的路径将数据文件30传输到远方位置，不考虑费用或其它因素，那么用户通过接口34给路由选择优化模块26指定这一需求。路由选择优化模块26接着将除$等待时间外的所有变量置为预定因数，以使路由选择优化模块26选择具有$等待时间最小值(例如最小路由延时)的路径作为最快路由。
本领域技术人员可以很容易得到上述例子的其它置换和改变，以在时间的任何给定点关于文件的数据传送允许用户指定他的优先权，例如可以强制分析考虑任两个变量，等。
另外，用户可以存储在不同情况下使用的几组参数加权，接着在想要时选择一组。接着这组加权按上述应用。而且，程序可以配置成自动应用作为数据类型的函数的特定加权组。例如，用户可以指定给所有的传真消息高经济性因数，而给所有的视频文件低安全性因数，等。
图2和3说明本发明所使用方法在多个可用的路径中达到为数据文件选择路由的最优选择的流程图。首先，如图2所示，取出固定用户优先权以使分析中所用的参数可以因此加权。接着允许用户输入他的用于文件传输的暂时优先权取代值。假定本例没有输入固定加权或暂时取代值，那么$最终值参数在交换系统10中对每个路径(i)以下述方式确定。
首先，根据图3，路由选择优化模块26检测存储器22以通过观察变量$可用性(i)确定接口(i)是否已经被编程为可由用户使用。例如，如果交换系统10在PBX系统中实现，那么因为他们的经济资源并不是所有的用户能访问所有的路径(i)。该信息存储在存储器22中并在图3过程中的第一步检测。
如果$可用性(i)＝0，那么$最终值(i)置0并退出程序。但是，如果接口(i)可用，那么$可用性(i)置1且过程继续。接着程序检查路径(i)此时是否可操作，而且$当前状态变量是否因此从$接口(i)返回。如果$当前状态(i)＝0(路径不可操作或出故障)，那么$最终值(i)置0并退出程序。如果$当前状态(i)＝1(路径可操作或恢复)，那么过程继续。
接着检验变量$平均状态以确定它是否大于预定门限值，例如是不是$平均状态×10＞25。如果是，则认为接口(i)在可操作状态。如果否，则认为接口(i)肯定在非操作状态，即使$当前状态在该特定时刻指示了可操作性。
程序接着通过路径分析模块24得到$等待时间(i)值。使用$等待时间(i)，变量$速度(i)按流程图中所示的和上面所解释的计算。作为$时间变量的函数的变量$经济性(i)从存储器22得到。接着，变量$当前值(i)作为$经济性(i)、$速度(i)和$平均状态(i)的函数计算出来。
接着变量$前一值(i)作为从存储器26得到的变量$最大带宽(i)、$可靠性(i)和$安全性(i)，还有预先确定的$经济性(i)的函数计算出来。最后，如程序所示得到变量$最终值，而且将其存入寄存器中等待图2所示的剩余接口的$最终值(i)的计算。
以上述方式已经分析了所有的接口之后，接着路由选择优化模块26根据$最终值(i)的最大值确定应当选择哪个接口(i)。接着数据文件从存储器30路由到所选择的接口以传输。
图2和3所示的程序可以用上述的用户优先权代用特征补充，它允许用户指定最快的路由、最低费用的路由、最可靠的路由等。
可测参数$可用带宽(i)也可以在这里提到的算法中使用以提供在一定时间选择特定接口(i)期望性的实时指示。尽管固定参数$最大带宽(i)提供一个给定接口的可用最大带宽的测量值，如果需要的话可测试接口以确定带宽的哪个部分为真正可用。现有技术中熟知的用于完成这种测量的一项测试是所谓的“表示接口连续的零(show interface serialzero)”测试，它可以通过测量最后n秒接收的包的数量以及在该时间在接口已经传输了多少个包来执行。因此，这里参数$可用带宽可以代替，或结合已测量的参数$等待时间使用以在此进行分析。
另外，当本发明的系统和方法已经结合一个数据文件(这里所定义的)的传输表示，通过适当地改进算法和程序它也可以应用于多个数据文件基于或者串行或者并行(交错)的传输。
这里使用的特定变量和参数的选择是优选实施例；可以预计结合本发明使用其它变量以达到在给定条件下的最优路由。另外，为提供固定和可测变量的必要的相对加权而确定的特定算法也可以根据用户的需求补充以达到最优路由选择。

Claims (27)

1.在包括多个接口的电信交换系统中，每个所述接口与能从第一存储器传送数据文件到远方目的地的相关电信路径互连，每个所述电信路径具有与在所述交换系统的第二存储器存储的相关的预定参数以及相关的变参，一种确定应当使用所述多个电信路径中的哪一个以从所述第一存储器传送数据文件的方法，所述方法包括的步骤有：
a)分析将要传送的数据文件的属性；
b)测量每个所述路径的所述变参；
c)分析所述测量的变参和所述预定参数；和
d)根据所述分析的变参和预定参数和所述分析的数据文件属性确定哪个所述路径提供最优的一组特性以传送文件到远方目的地。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述确定步骤分析一组已编程的用户优先权以确定哪个所述路径提供最优的一组特性以传送文件到远方目的地。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其中用户优先权被预先定义并存入所述交换系统存储器。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法其中所述预先定义用户优先权可以在所述分析步骤前由一个用户改变。
5.如权利要求2所述的方法，其中电信路径变参包括所述路径在时间的给定点的数据传送速度。
6.如权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述电信路径预定参数包括使用所述路径的每单位时间花费。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其中所述每单位时间花费是每天的当前时间的函数。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法，其中所述每单位时间花费是每星期的当前天的函数。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述电信路径预定参数包括所述路径的数据传送可靠性的测量值。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述电信路径预定参数包括所述路径的数据传送带宽的测量值。
11.如权利要求2所述的方法，进一步包括关于所述用户优先权分析要发送文件大小的步骤。
12.如权利要求1所述的方法，包括在执行所述分析前首先确定接口是否可用的附加步骤。
13.如权利要求3所述的方法，其中每个所述预定和测量的参数在执行所述分析步骤中关于所述用户优先权加权。
14.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中分析的数据文件属性是数据文件类型。
15.一种电信交换系统，包括：
a)保存要发送到远方目的地的数据文件的第一存储器，所述数据文件具有至少一个相关属性；
b)多个与所述第一存储器相连的接口，每个所述接口与能将数据文件传送到远方目的地的相关电信路径互连；
c)存储与每个所述电信路径相关的预定参数的第二存储器；
d)测量与每个所述电信路径相关的变参值的装置；和
e)与所述第一和第二存储器和所述变参测量装置操作性地相连以根据所述数据文件属性、所述预定电信路径参数、和所述测量的变参确定应使用所述多个电信路径的哪一个以传送数据文件的处理器装置。
16.如权利要求15所述的系统，进一步包括存储一组关于数据文件传输的用户优先权的第三存储器，并且其中所述处理器装置根据所述用户优先权确定应使用所述多个电信路径中的哪一个以传送数据文件。
17.如权利要求16所述的交换系统，进一步包括允许用户改变所述第三存储器中的所述用户优先权的输入装置。
18.如权利要求16所述的交换系统，其中所述变参测量装置执行每个所述电信路径的数据传送速度的测量。
19.如权利要求17所述的交换系统，其中所述数据传送速度测量由声脉冲测试来完成。
20.如权利要求16所述的交换系统，其中在所述第二存储器存储的预定参数包括使用电信路径的每单位时间花费。
21.如权利要求20所述的交换系统，其中每单位时间花费是每天的当前时间的函数。
22.如权利要求20所述的交换系统，其中每单位时间花费是每星期的当前天的函数。
23.如权利要求16所述的交换系统，其中在所述第二存储器存储的预定参数包括每个所述路径的数据传送可靠性的测量值。
24.如权利要求16所述的交换系统，其中在所述第二存储器存储的预定参数包括每个所述路径的数据传送带宽的测量值。
25.如权利要求16所述的交换系统，进一步包括确定接口是否可用以传送数据文件的装置。
26.如权利要求15所述的系统，其中所述数据文件属性是数据文件类型。
27.如权利要求15所述的系统，其中所述数据文件属性是数据文件大小。
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CA2263099C (en) 2002-11-05
BR9712399A (pt) 1999-08-31
US6456594B1 (en) 2002-09-24
YU49151B (sh) 2004-03-12
US20080225832A1 (en) 2008-09-18
EP0931408A1 (en) 1999-07-28
US9806988B2 (en) 2017-10-31
IL129537A0 (en) 2000-02-29
US8400926B2 (en) 2013-03-19
WO1998019439A1 (en) 1998-05-07
JP2001503578A (ja) 2001-03-13
KR20000052946A (ko) 2000-08-25
IL129537A (en) 2003-02-12
ATE426995T1 (de) 2009-04-15
CN1235729A (zh) 1999-11-17
US6144641A (en) 2000-11-07
US6016307A (en) 2000-01-18
US20130272299A1 (en) 2013-10-17
US20150256444A1 (en) 2015-09-10
EP0931408A4 (en) 2002-06-26
EA001507B1 (ru) 2001-04-23
CA2263099A1 (en) 1998-05-07
DE69739324D1 (de) 2009-05-07
YU21299A (sh) 2000-03-21
KR100506244B1 (ko) 2005-08-08
EP0931408B1 (en) 2009-03-25
EA199900396A1 (ru) 1999-10-28
US9036499B2 (en) 2015-05-19
JP2006157939A (ja) 2006-06-15

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