CN1115136C - 一次性吸湿制品及一次性吸湿制品用弹性耳状件 - Google Patents
一次性吸湿制品及一次性吸湿制品用弹性耳状件 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
公开了一种适用于一次性吸湿制品(10)上的弹性耳状件(24)。此耳状件由弹性材料制成,此材料确定出近边缘(34)、远边缘(36)、第一连接边缘(38)与第二连接边缘(40)。第一与第二连接边缘连接所述近边缘与远边缘。第二连接边缘不与第一连接边缘平行,且近边缘与远边缘长。一扣接件(30)连接在上述弹性耳状件上。此外还说明了包括有这种弹性耳状件的一种一次性吸湿制品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一次性制品,具体地说,涉及到适用于一次性吸湿制品上的弹性耳状件。
背景技术
一次性吸湿制品,例如一次性尿布、锻炼用短裤、成年人失禁衣着等等,都属周知的。过去,特别是婴儿用尿布的情形,这类吸湿制品一般都取沙漏形构型。这种制品的较窄部分适合置放在穿用者的两腿之间,而制品的较宽部分则可用来环绕穿用者的腰部,使前部与后部搭接而易于相互固定。最近越来越需要生产出能更紧密地贴合到穿用者身体上的吸湿制品,例如婴儿尿布。为此,需要把这类制品制作得更小且在使用中较不引人注意,且仍能保持高度的吸湿保护性。具体地说,需要生产出这样的吸湿制品,它们与有代表性的一次性吸湿制品相比,具有较窄的裆部,且整个宽度也较窄。
传统的婴儿尿布上的腿部孔口是部分地由尿布的相搭接的前部与后部确定的。这种腿部孔口如一般所知能提供良好的吸湿保护。要是此尿布的前、后部不能完全围合穿用者的腰和不能相互搭叠,防漏泄的性能就会下降。不能完全围合穿用者腰部的吸湿制品的已知连接装置,一般包括较窄的矩形装置或带状装置,它们用来使吸湿制品环绕穿用者的腰部定位。这类已知的装置一般不能修正觉察到的吸湿性能的减弱。此外,已知的用来将这类制品围绕穿用者腰部连接的装置还会导致穿用者的皮肤发生不希望有的红色印记。
因此,希望能提供一种改进了的一次性吸湿制品,它能消除已知的一次性制品中已发现的缺陷和不希望有的状况。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面涉及一种一次性吸湿制品。这种制品确定有一个前部、一个后部以及一个连接此前、后部的裆部。此制品包括有外罩层、透液的贴身衬里、位于此外层与贴身衬里之间的吸湿材料、一对连接于制品后部的弹性耳状件,以及一个连在这对耳状件上用来将它们连接到制品前部上的扣接件。弹性耳状件具有与后部接合的近边缘,还具有远边缘、第一连接边缘与第二连接边缘。第一与第二连接边缘连接近与远边缘。第二连接边缘不与第一连接边缘平行,同时近边缘比远边缘长。
本发明的另一个方面涉及一种适合用在一次性吸湿制品上的弹性耳状件。这种耳状件包括一个弹性材料体。此弹性材料限定出近边缘、远边缘、第一连接边缘与第二连接边缘。第一与第二连接边缘连接近与远边缘、第二连接边缘不与第一连接边缘平行,同时近边缘较远边缘长。弹性耳状件还包括一个结合到弹性耳状件上的扣接件,用来使此弹性耳状件可摘卸地连接到一个衬底上。
附图说明
图1示明依据本发明的一次性吸湿制品。
图2示明依据本发明的一种弹性耳状件的一实施例。
图3示明依据本发明的第二实施例的一种弹性耳状件。
图4示明依据本发明的第三实施例的一种弹性耳状件。
图5示明依据本发明的第四实施例的一种弹性耳状件。
图6是图1所示的一次性吸湿制品为穿着者使用时的侧视图。
图7是图1所示的一次性吸湿制品为穿着者使用时的前视图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一次性吸湿制品。这里术语“一次性吸湿制品”是指吸收和容纳身体排出物的且在用过一段有限时间后予以抛弃的制品。这种制品不用来经洗涤或经其它方式恢复而供再次使用。它们可以贴抵或靠近穿用者的躯体安置,以吸收和容纳躯体排放的各种排出物。尽管本发明的描述是结合一种尿布制品进行,但应理解为本发明也可用于其它一次性的个人卫生用吸湿制品,例如成年人失禁用衣着,儿童锻炼用短裤,等等。
现参看附图,图中以相同标号代表相同元件,图1示明了例如尿布10这样一种吸湿制品,它包括外罩层12和与此外罩层12成面对面关系配置的透液贴身衬里14。在外罩层12与贴身衬里14之间设置有吸湿材料16。尿布10确定了前部18、后部20和连接此前、后部的裆部22。在尿布10的后部20上连接有一对弹性耳状件24。这对弹性耳状件在使用中可同尿布10的前部18相搭接。此尿布还包括连接在前部18上的前腰弹性件26,连接到后部20上的后腰弹性件28,以及连接到裆部22上的腿部弹性件29。上述弹性耳状件24包括与其相结合的扣接件30,用来使弹性耳状件可摘卸地与衬底例如尿布10的前部18相连接。在图1所示的实施例中,扣接件30包括一种机械式扣接件,例如搭扣件中的钩件。由此,在所示实施例中,尿布10还包括连接在尿布10的前部18上的密圈件32。
弹性耳状件24包括近边缘34、相对的远边缘36,第一连接边缘38与第二连接边缘40。
按照这里的用法,近边缘是指弹性耳状件24与尿布主体44的侧向边缘42相结合的边缘,在此实施例中侧向边缘42是由外罩层12与贴身衬里14确定的。远边缘36是与弹性耳状件24的近边缘34相对的边缘,且是从尿布10中央纵轴线向外偏移开的边缘。第一与第二连接边缘38与40则连接着近边缘42和远边缘36,由此确定出一个至少是部分地限定弹性耳状件24的弹性材料部。
按照这里的用法,涉及到两种材料或元件“结合”时,是指这两种材料或元件直接地相互结合或是间接地相互结合,例如两者都结合到一中间件上。类似地,结合两种材料或元件的方法可包括将它们整体成形,或例如通过采用粘合剂、声波粘合或热熔粘合、缝制等等将它们连接在一起。
从图1可以看到,在所示的实施例中,弹性耳状件24是通过将近边缘34夹层粘合到外罩层12与贴身衬里14之间而与尿布主体44相连接的。
正如下面将要更详细地说明的,包括尿布主体44与弹性耳状件24在内的尿布10可以取这样的结构:在使用中,尿布主体44的两个横向端46不会伸展到完全围绕住穿用者的腰部,即尿布主体44的尺寸使得它的各个部分在使用中不会绕穿用者的腰搭叠。相反,弹性耳状件24使前部与后部绕穿用者的腰部相结合。这样,在使用中,弹性耳状件24会直接接触穿用者的皮肤,同时第一连接边缘38可以形成部分环绕腰部的开口,而第二连接边缘40当尿布10被穿用时可以形成尿布10的腿部孔口的一部分。
当弹性耳状件24在前部与后部间起到结合作用而使弹性耳状件24的第二连接边缘40构成尿布的部分腿部孔口时,申请人发现此弹性耳状件24的某些设计特点至关重要。本发明的弹性耳状件的某些重要设计特点可从图2~4中看到。
参看图2,所示弹性耳状件24确定出了近边缘34、远边缘36,第一连接边缘38与第二连接边缘40。在图2所示实施例中,近边缘34与远边缘36大致平行,这两条边缘都是直线形式。由于近边缘34要结合到吸湿制品上,最好一般是近边缘34取直线形式。远边缘36则可取任意构型,例如可以是直线的、曲线的、波浪形的,带凹口形的,等等。
在图2中,第一连接边缘38一般垂直于近边缘34。尽管这种垂直关系据认为是最佳关系,但是使第一连接边缘38与近边缘34构成非垂直关系也是可取的。
第一连接边缘38与第二连接边缘40则是不平行的。申请人发现,最好是使第二连接边缘40呈凹弧形。更具体地说,申请人发现,最好是使第二连接边缘40由一段圆弧确定,这个圆的半径从约1英寸(2.54cm)至约6英寸(15.24cm),较好是从约1.5英寸(3.8cm)至约4英寸(10.2cm),而最好是从约2英寸(5.1cm)至约3.5英寸(8.9cm)。参看图2,字母“R”指确定第二连接边缘40的圆的半径。从图2可以看到,确定第二连接边缘40的弧限定出一个包含角α。当第二连接边缘40为单个圆的一段弧所确定时,上述包含角α较好的是从约50°至约130°,而最好是从约80至约100度。
本发明的耳状件的另一实施例表示于图3中。在图3内,第二连接边缘40是由沿着两个圆的圆周的一段弧所确定。同时,第一个圆的半径为R1且定出一个包含角α,第二个圆的半径为R2且定出一个包含角β。沿着由R1与R2确定的两个圆的圆周的弧段一起确定出第二连接边缘40。此外,R1与R2应在上述图2所示范围内。再有,包含角α与β的和则应在上面图2所示的角度α的范围以内。
尽管如图2与3所示,第二连接边缘40分别是由一个和两个圆所确定,但应理解为此第二连接边缘40也可由三个、四个或更多个圆来确定。
一般的规则是,近边缘34的长度应从约2英寸(5.1cm)至约7英寸(17.8cm),更好是从约3英寸(7.6cm)至约6英寸(15.2cm),而最好是从约3.5英寸(8.9cm)至约5.5英寸(14.0cm)。类似地,远边缘36的长度则应为确定第二连接边缘40的圆的半径的约0.25至约1.0倍。于是,远边缘38的长度一般是从约0.2英寸(0.635cm)至约6英寸(15.24cm),而最好是从约1英寸(2.54cm)至约3英寸(7.6cm)。
此外,远边缘对近边缘的长度比宜从约1∶28至约3∶4,而最好是从约1∶4至约1∶2。
申请人发现,当使弹性耳状件24取上述结构时,可以获得某些好处。具体地说,当采用上述的弹性耳状件24时,申请人发现尿布合身性已得到改进。特别是这种弹性耳状件为腿与臀部提供了覆盖层,而这种覆盖层在过去是由传统的婴儿尿布的前部与后部重叠的部分提供的。此外还发现,这样的弹性耳状件与不具上述构型的弹性耳状件相比,能减少穿用者皮肤上发生红色印记的可能性。以上这两个特点应使有关的人认识到,本发明的弹性耳状件能给穿用者提供更好的合身性与舒适性。
要是前述圆的半径小于约1英寸(2.54cm),则穿用者的腿或臀部将露出太多。要是此圆的半径大于约6英寸(15.24cm),则第二连接边缘40的曲线就不够弯,而会给穿用者的皮肤造成红色印记。
一般地说,第二连接边缘40最好取凹弧形构型,但图4示明的第二连接边缘40则大致上是直线形的。图4所示的构型在某些情况下是可以接受的,但它一般是不被优先采用的。
图5示明了本发明的弹性耳状件的第三个不同的实施例。在图5所示的实施例中,弹性耳状件24的主体48是弹性的且具有前述那种构型。沿着接缝52有一延伸件50连接到主体48上,此延伸件50可以是弹性的或非弹性的。在某个优选实施例中,此延伸件50为非弹性的。扣接件30(例如钩件)如图所示连在延伸件50之上。当扣接件30连到延伸件50上且延伸件50又是非弹性件时,扣接件30将保持平直。相反,当扣接件30连在一个弹性衬底上时,扣接件30的边缘会向外卷,而使它较难同带密圈件32的扣接件30相啮合。延伸件50可取任意不同构型。接缝52可以通过粘合剂粘合、声波粘合或热熔粘合,或通过任何其它适当的方法形成。
图6与7示明了图1中给出的婴儿尿布在穿用者身上的情形,从图6与7可以看到,弹性耳状件24用来沿穿用者的身体两侧连接后部18与前部20。第一连接边缘38定出了一部分腰围边缘,而第二连接边缘40用来确定出一部分腿部孔口。第二连接边缘40的凹弧形特性确定出了一个跨过穿用者的腿部的平滑而又给人以美感的结合线。扣接件30连接到密圈件32上起锁合作用。
贴身衬里14提供了一面向躯体的表面,它舒适柔软而不刺激穿用者的皮肤。此外,贴身衬里14可比吸湿材料16的亲水性差,且有足够的孔隙透液,允许液体迅速地透过衬里厚度。合适的贴身衬里14可以由广泛选择的纤维网材料来制造,例如多孔泡沫材料,网状泡沫材料,有孔塑料膜,天然纤维(例如木质纤维或棉纤维),合成纤维(例如聚酯纤维或聚丙烯纤维),或是天然与合成纤维的混合物。这种贴身衬里14通常用来使穿用者的皮肤与吸湿材料16中保持的液体相隔离。
有多种多样的织造和非织造物可用作贴身衬里14。例如此种衬里可以由熔喷或纺粘的聚烯烃纤维网制成。贴身衬里也可以是天然纤维和合成纤维组成的经过粘合-梳理的纤维网。在本说明书中术语“非织造纤维网”是指不是用纺织的织造或是编织加工而形成的纤维网材料。
贴身衬里可以基本上由疏水性材料形成,这种疏水性材料可以有选择的用表面活化剂处理或以其它方式处理,使之具有所需的可湿润性与亲水性。在本发明的一个具体的实施例中,贴身衬里14采用纺粘的聚丙烯非织造布,它是由约2.8~3.2旦的纤维形成的纤维网,纤维网基重为22g/m2,而密度为约0.06g/cm3。此种织物的表面用重量百分比为0.28%的Triton X-102表面活化剂作了处理。
外罩层12可以由可透液材料构成,但最好是包括一种构造成基本上不透液的材料。例如,典型的外罩层可以由薄塑料膜或其它软性的不透液材料构成。外罩层12一般能防止吸湿材料16中所含渗出体液对接触尿布10的例如床单与罩袍的润湿。在本发明的一个具体的实施例中,外罩层12是厚约0.012mm(0.5mil)至约0.051mm(2.0mils)的聚乙烯膜。在一个优选实施例中,此外罩层采用厚约1.25mil的薄膜。
在本发明的另一个优选实施例中,外罩层12是一种弹力热层压件,它包括0.6mil(0.015mm)的聚丙烯吹塑膜和0.7盎司/码2(23.6g/m2)的聚丙烯纺粘材料。纺粘材料是由约2旦的纤维组成。此种弹力热层压件是由聚丙烯膜沿一个方向拉伸25%所形成。然后将纺粘的聚丙烯与拉伸的聚丙烯膜作面对面的接触,再把此聚丙烯膜与纺粘材料按一定的间隔相互热熔粘合在一起。所制得的层压件有许多间隔开的明显的粘合处,每单位面积上总的粘合面积约为13%。在上述薄膜与纺粘材料相互层压后,可以将此层压件放松,这时薄膜层回缩约10%,这样就使得这层薄膜永久变形为具有比其原始长度长约15%的长度。形成上述弹力热层压件的过程更详细地描述于1992年12月29日由Mc Cromach等人申请的共同所有未决的系列号为07/997800的美国专利申请中,其内容已包括在本申请中。
外罩层12的尺寸通常取决于所选择的吸湿材料16的尺寸与尿布的确切设计。外罩层12例如可以是大致的T字形、I字形,或是经修正后的砂漏形,也可延伸到吸湿材料16终边外一段选定的距离,例如范围从约1.3到约2.5cm(约0.5到约1.0英寸)的一段距离。
贴身衬里14与外罩层12是以可操作的方式结合到一起的。如上所述,术语“结合”一词包括通过将贴身衬里14直接固定到外罩层12上使它们直接结合形成的结构,还包括将衬里14固定到一中间件上而后再固定到外罩层12上使此衬里与外罩层相结合形成的结构。衬里14与外罩层12可以通过各种连接方式(未示明),例如通过粘合剂粘合、声波粘合、热熔粘合或任何其它在技术上已经知道的连接方式直接地相互固定到尿布的周边上。例如可以采用均匀连续的粘合剂层,图案形式的粘合剂层,喷涂成的粘合剂图案,或是粘合剂以间隔开的线条、漩涡形或斑点形等所形成的阵列结构来将贴身衬里14固定到外罩层12之上。上述的连接方式还可用来将吸湿制品的其它部件互连和组装到一起。
前腰弹性性26与后腰弹性件28由可延伸至少约10%而最好是至少约50%的任何弹性材料制成。这种腰部弹性件可由任何适当的弹性材料构成,例如弹性薄膜,弹性泡沫材料,多根弹性带,弹性织物,等等。适合的弹性腰部结构描述于例如授予Lippert等人的美国专利4916005中,此专利中所公开的内容就其有一致性(无抵触)的部分已包括于此作为参考。前与后腰部弹性件是以一种可弹性收缩的方式固定到尿布10上,使得在正常的不受约束的构型下弹性件能有效地抵着尿布10收缩。此种前与后腰部弹性件至少可用两种方式连接。例如这种弹性件可在尿布10处于不收缩的条件下经拉伸而固定到尿布10上。或者,例如通过打褶使尿布10收缩,而将弹性件在其处于未拉伸状态下时固定并连接到尿布10上。还可以采用其它方式,例如可采用热皱缩的弹性材料制成此前与后腰部弹性件。
腿部弹性件29可以包括一承载片(未表示出),上面装有成组的由多根分离弹性丝组成的弹性件。这些弹性丝可以交叉、互联或完全相互分离。所述的承载片例如可以包括0.002cm厚的平整的聚丙烯的薄膜。所述的弹性丝例如可由Lycra弹性材料构成,这种材料可从杜邦公司购到,该公司在特拉华州Wilmington市设有办事处。各弹性丝的细度通常为约470~1500dtx,但也可为约940~1050dtx。在本发明的具体实施例中,可把例如三或四根弹性丝用于每一个弹性的腿部带。
此外,腿部弹性件29可以是大致的直线形或也可以选择弯曲形。例如,弯曲的弹性件可以向内弯向尿布的纵向中心线,而使这组弯曲弹性丝的最内点(或是顶点,相对于制品的横剖面而言)位于从这组弹性丝最外边缘向内约0.75~1.5英寸处。在某些特殊的布置形式下,此种弹性件的曲率可不必相对于尿布的横向中心线对称的构造或定位。这种弯曲弹性件可以有一种内弯的和外弯的反射型的曲率,同时此弹性件的长度方向中心可以有选择的偏移一个选定的距离,这一距离是在朝向尿布的前部或后部约0~8cm的范围内,以提供所需要的合身性与外观。在本发明的具体实施例中,这组弯曲弹性丝最内点(顶点)可以朝尿布的前部与后部偏移0~12cm,而向外弯曲的反射部分可以定位为朝向尿布的前部。
吸湿材料16可用来吸收人体排出物。任何能起到这种作用的材料都可适用于本发明。这种吸湿材料可以是一单一的整体材料,或可以包括许多可操作地组装到一起的单个和分散的材料件。吸湿材料16可取种种尺寸与形状(例如矩形、梯形、T字形、I字形、沙漏形,等等),且可由多种材料构成。此吸湿材料16的尺寸与吸湿能力应该同拟穿用者的尺寸和拟使用此吸湿材料来承载的液体量相匹配。吸湿材料16的尺寸与吸湿能力可以变动以适应从婴儿到成年人范围的不同穿用者。
可以采用各种类型的可润湿性亲水纤维材料来制造吸湿材料16。适用的纤维例如包括由本质上可湿润材料构成的天然存在的有机纤维,如纤维素纤维;由纤维素或纤维素衍生物构成的合成纤维,如人造丝纤维;由本质上可湿润的材料构成的无机纤维,例如玻璃纤维;由本质上可湿润的热塑聚合物构成的合成纤维,例如特殊的聚酯或聚酰胺纤维;以及由不可湿润的热塑聚合物构成的合成纤维,例如聚丙烯纤维,它们经适当方式处理成亲水性的。这样的纤维可以处理成亲水性的,例如由二氧化硅处理,由具有适当的部分亲水性且不能容易地从纤维上除去的材料处理,或是在纤维形成期间或之后用亲水性聚合物对不可湿润的疏水性纤维表层作包复。为实现本发明的目的,也可以考虑采用上述各种纤维的选择混合物。术语“亲水性”一词在这里是用来描述这样的纤维或纤维的表面,它们在与含水液体接触时能被湿润。材料的润湿程度则可以用有关液体与材料的接触角和表面张力来描述。适用来测量具体纤维材料或纤维材料混合物可湿润性的设备与技术,可由Cahn SFA-222表面力分析仪系统提供。当用这种系统进行测量时,接触角小于90°的纤维定为“可湿润的”,而接触角大于90°的纤维定为“不可湿润的”。
除上述纤维材料外,吸湿材料16还可包括那些在技术上已经知道为“超级吸湿体”的高吸湿性材料。高吸湿性材料可以是天然的,合成的以及改性的天然聚合物与材料。此外,这类高吸湿性材料还可以是例如硅胶之类的无机材料或例如交联聚合物之类的有机化合物。这里所用的术语“交联”一词是指能有效地将通常的水溶材料变换为基本上是非水溶但可溶胀的材料的任何方法。这类方法例如可以包括物理交络、利用结晶区域、共价键、离子配合与离子缔合、亲水性缔合例如氢键,以及疏水性缔合或范德瓦尔斯力。
合成的高吸湿性材料的例子包括聚合物材料,例如聚丙烯酸和聚甲基丙烯酸的碱金属与铵盐,聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯基醚、马来酐与乙烯基醚和α-烯烃的共聚物、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯吗啉酮、聚乙烯醇以及它们的混合物与共聚物。其它的适用于这种吸湿材料的聚合物包括天然的聚合物和改性的天然聚合物,例如水解的丙烯腈接枝的淀粉、丙烯酸接枝淀粉、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羧甲基淀粉,以及天然胶例如海藻酸盐、合成生物聚合胶、刺槐豆胶,等等。在本发明中也可采用天然的和全部或部分合成吸湿性聚合物的混合物。其它适用的高吸湿性材料公开于1975年8月26日授予Assarson等人的美国专利3902236号中。用来制备合成高吸湿性材料的工艺则公开于下述美国专利中:1978年2月28日授予Masuda等人的4076663号;1981年8月25日授予Tsubakimoto等人的4286082号。
适用于本发明的尿布构型还可包括其它一些部件例如封闭用护翼,这些已在下述的美国专利与专利申请中有较详细的说明,其中所公开的与本发明有一致性的内容,已包括在本申请中,这些专利与专利申请是:1991年9月11日由Hanson等人提出的美国专利申请系列号07/757760;1992年9月22日授予Kellenberger等人的美国专利4149335号;1989年1月17日授予Meyer等人的美国专利4798603号;1987年11月3日授予Enloe的美国专利4704116号;1992年9月15日授予Kellenberger的美国专利5147343号;1992年12月29日由Mc Cormack等人提出的美国专利申请系列号07/997800;以及1993年11月5日由Dilnik等人提出的美国专利申请系列号08/148130号。
从上面对构成尿布10的元件材料所作的描述可知,这种吸湿制品的主体例如尿布主体44一般不用弹性材料。按照这里所说,“弹性的”、“弹性体的”以及意义与此类似的词,乃是指一种材料或复合物的性能,这种材料至少能延伸其原始长度的约50%,而在松驰时又能返回其原始长度至少50%以内。这样,当耳状件24是弹性的时,拟安装上此耳状件的吸湿制品的主体不用弹性材料是合适的。当然,这并不妨碍吸湿制品的主体包括有弹性元件,例如腿部的和腰部的弹性件。
扣接件30可以采用任何形式,只要其适合于将弹性耳状件固定到吸湿制品的前部从而将制品围绕穿用者的腰部固定即可。在图示的实施例中,扣接件30是搭扣固定件的钩件。其它适用的扣接件包括胶粘剂、粘合带、粘着剂、钮、钮扣、挂钩、钩子,等等。在多数情形下扣接件30要求吸湿制品的前部要有相配套的固定件或连接面,例如密圈件32。
本发明的弹性耳状件可以由任何一种能起到上述作用的弹性材料形成。一般,这种弹性材料应能在至少一个方向拉伸。最好,这种弹性材料能沿两个方向拉伸。当这种弹性材料可在一个方向上拉伸时,可将此弹性材料的拉伸方向定为能提供使制品的前部与后部相互拉近的弹力,从而将制品保持在穿用者的腰部。
一般地说,用来形成上述耳状件的材料应能伸长至少约50%,更好是至少约100%,而最好是至少约130%。在伸长到50%(假定此弹性材料不能伸长到100%以上)或100%(假定此弹性材料能伸长到100%以上)后,这种弹性材料应能恢复其原有长度的至少约50%,或至少恢复其原有长度的约80%。此种弹性材料可以是一种具有固有弹性的材料,即是一种在弹性态时形成的材料,或是一种通过在成形后加工使之具有弹性的材料。例如这样的弹性材料可以是通过加热或加压而使它具有弹性。
在本发明的各具体实施例中,这种弹性耳状件所包括的弹性材料例如有拉伸粘合层压(SBL)材料、颈粘层压(NBL)材料、弹性膜、弹性泡沫材料,等等。例如,用来形成弹性耳状件的合适的熔喷弹性纤维纤维网已在1987年5月5日授予T.Wisneski等人的美国专利4663220号中有说明,其中公开的内容已包括于此作为参考。复合织物的例子,其包括至少一层固定到纤维质弹性层上的非织造纺织物,已描述于1987年4月8日公布的、发明人为J.Taylor等的欧洲专利申请EP.0110010号中,其中公开的内容已包括于此作为参考。NBL材料的例子描述于1993年7月13日授予Mormon的美国专利No.5226992中,其中公开的内容已包括于此作为参考。
尽管本发明业已相对它的一些具体实施例作了详细说明,但应认识到,内行的人在了解到以上所述内容后,能够很快设想出上述实施例的更改与变动形式以及它们的等价形式。
Claims (29)
1.一种一次性吸湿制品,此种制品确定出一个前部,一个后部,以及一个连接此前部与后部的裆部;所述制品包括:
一个外罩层;
一透液的贴身衬里;
一位于此外罩层与贴身衬里之间的吸湿材料;
一对连接到所述后部上的弹性耳状件,这对耳状件具有与所述后部结合的近边缘,还具有远边缘、第一连接边缘与第二连接边缘,所述第一与第二连接边缘连接上述近边缘与远边缘,所述第二连接边缘不与第一连接边缘平行,所述近边缘较所述远边缘长;
一个扣接件,它连接在所述弹性耳状件上,用来使弹性耳状件以搭接关系连接到所述前部上;其特征在于,在使用时,所述第二连接边缘确定出至少一部分腿部孔口。
2.如权利要求1所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述近边缘与第一连接边缘垂直。
3.如权利要求1所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘呈凹弧形。
4.如权利要求3所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘是由半径从2.54cm至15.24cm的一个圆上的弧所确定。
5.如权利要求4所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘是由半径从3.8cm至10.2cm的一个圆上的弧所确定。
6.如权利要求5所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘是由半径从5.1cm至8.9cm的一个圆上的弧所确定。
7.如权利要求3所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘是由半径从2.54cm至15.24cm的两个或多个圆上的圆弧所确定。
8.如权利要求4所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘的长度由一个从50°至130°的包含角α所确定。
9.如权利要求8所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘的长度由一个从80°至100°的包含角α所确定。
10.如权利要求1所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述近边缘是直线形式的。
11.如权利要求10所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述远边缘平行于所述近边缘。
12.如权利要求1所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述远边缘的长度从0.635cm至15.24cm。
13.如权利要求1所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述近边缘的长度从5.1cm至17.8cm。
14.如权利要求1所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述远边缘的长度对所述近边缘的长度比是1∶28至3∶4。
15.如权利要求1所述一次性吸湿制品,其特征在于:所述弹性耳状件还包括一个连接在所述远边缘上的非弹性延伸件。
16.适用于一次性吸湿制品上的一种弹性耳状件,此耳状件包括:
一种弹性材料的主体,此种材料确定出近边缘、远边缘、第一连接边缘与第二连接边缘,此第一与第二连接边缘连接此近边缘与远边缘,近边缘与第一连接边缘垂直,第二连接边缘不与第一连接边缘平行,同时此近边缘比远边缘长;以及
一种固定件,它结合在所述弹性耳状件上,用来使此弹性耳状件可摘卸地与一衬底相连,其中在使用时,此第二连接边缘确定出至少一部分腿部孔口。
17.如权利要求16所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘呈凹弧形。
18.如权利要求17所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘是由半径从2.54cm至15.24cm的一个圆上的弧所确定。
19.如权利要求18所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘是由半径从3.8cm至10.2cm的一个圆上的弧所确定。
20.如权利要求19所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘是由半径从5.1cm至8.9cm的一个圆上的弧所确定。
21.如权利要求17所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘是由半径从2.54cm至15.24cm的两个或多个圆周上的弧所确定。
22.如权利要求18所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘的长度由一个从50°至130°的包含角α所确定。
23.如权利要求22所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述第二连接边缘的长度由一个从80°至100°的包含角α所确定。
24.如权利要求16所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述近边缘是直线形式的。
25.如权利要求24所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述远边缘平行于所述近边缘。
26.如权利要求16所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述远边缘的长度是从0.635cm至15.24cm。
27.如权利要求16所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述近边缘的长度是从5.1cm至17.8cm。
28.如权利要求16所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述远边缘对近边缘的长度比是从1∶28至3∶4。
29.如权利要求16所述弹性耳状件,其特征在于:所述耳状件还包括一个连接在所述远边缘上的非弹性延伸件。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US08/174,565 US5496298A (en) | 1993-12-28 | 1993-12-28 | Elastomeric ears for disposable absorbent article |
US08/174,565 | 1993-12-28 |
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CN1142759A CN1142759A (zh) | 1997-02-12 |
CN1115136C true CN1115136C (zh) | 2003-07-23 |
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US (1) | US5496298A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0737057B2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH09507409A (zh) |
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CN (1) | CN1115136C (zh) |
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CZ (1) | CZ284277B6 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69423652T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2143042T5 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2714288B1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2285208B (zh) |
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RU (1) | RU2127572C1 (zh) |
SK (1) | SK281164B6 (zh) |
SV (1) | SV1994000085A (zh) |
TR (1) | TR28717A (zh) |
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