CN106153192A - A kind of method utilizing multispectral camera virtual responsive value to obtain spectral reflectance - Google Patents

A kind of method utilizing multispectral camera virtual responsive value to obtain spectral reflectance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106153192A
CN106153192A CN201610584402.XA CN201610584402A CN106153192A CN 106153192 A CN106153192 A CN 106153192A CN 201610584402 A CN201610584402 A CN 201610584402A CN 106153192 A CN106153192 A CN 106153192A
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response value
spectral reflectance
value
odd
multispectral camera
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CN106153192B (en
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徐海松
徐鹏
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
    • G01J2003/2826—Multispectral imaging, e.g. filter imaging

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method utilizing multispectral camera virtual responsive value to obtain spectral reflectance, first all passages of multispectral camera are divided into odd chanel and even-numbered channels, training sample is utilized to set up the functional relationship between multispectral camera even number and odd chanel response value, camera response value by odd chanel collecting test target, according to the functional relationship between even number and the odd chanel response value set up, calculate the virtual camera response value of even-numbered channels.The response value utilizing test target all odd and even numbers passage calculates its spectral reflectance.The present invention has only to utilize the passage of multispectral camera half to go shooting just can obtain the multispectral camera response value of whole passage, the use significantly reducing number of channels and the information that can make full use of all passages are to obtain the spectral reflectance of object, thus are effectively improved acquisition efficiency while guaranteeing to obtain object spectra reflectivity in high precision.

Description

A kind of method utilizing multispectral camera virtual responsive value to obtain spectral reflectance
Technical field
The present invention relates to imaging type and obtain object spectra and the method for chrominance information, especially with having multiple visible ray The multispectral camera of waveband channels obtains the reflectance spectrum information of object with the method obtaining object chrominance information further.
Background technology
Due to the existence of metamerism phenomenon, the chrominance information of object is difficult to reliably characterize this source information of object, and thing The spectral reflectance of body is the physical quantity that equipment is unrelated and unrelated with capture light source, can characterize this source information of object.Therefore, The spectral reflectance accurately obtaining object can realize high-precision color measuring, and loyal can reappear object in any light source Under color appearance.
Imaging type obtains object spectra reflectivity can overcome spectrophotometer lacking by point measurement and contact type measurement Fall into, it is possible to the spectral reflectance of all objects in quick obtaining areas imaging.General commercial camera may be used for imaging type and obtains Object spectra reflectivity, but spectral reflectance cannot be obtained in high precision due to only tri-passages of R, G, B.Multispectral camera is used When imaging type obtains object spectra reflectivity, carry out imaging owing to adding more passage, therefore spectrum can be increased substantially The precision that reflectivity obtains.
The increase of multispectral camera port number also extends the time of imaging, adds the complexity of operation, such as, needs Each passage being adjusted time of exposure, focuses on each passage, registration etc. between multichannel image, this sequence of operations is along with logical Increasing of number of channels and become more complicated and time-consuming.Meanwhile, the prolongation of imaging time is brought light source and photographed scene time Between unstability also can affect the acquisition precision of object spectra reflectivity further.
Summary of the invention
In order to reduce imaging time and the operation complexity of multispectral camera, guarantee the acquisition essence of spectral reflectance simultaneously Degree, the present invention proposes a kind of method utilizing multispectral camera virtual responsive value to obtain spectral reflectance.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions: one utilizes multispectral camera virtual responsive value to obtain The method taking spectral reflectance, comprises the following steps:
(1) training sample is utilized to set up the functional relationship between even-numbered channels response value and odd chanel camera response value. Specifically include following sub-step:
(1.1) training sample is shot with multispectral camera.Use the standard color card comprising shades of colour block as training sample This, the chosen spectrum power stable light source of distribution is as lighting source, by standard color card with 45/0 illumination and measure geometry condition It is positioned under lighting source, shoots standard color card with all passages of multispectral camera, extract the channel response value of standard color cardP is the matrix of n row q row, and wherein n is the color lump number on standard color card, and q is the quantity of multispectral camera passage, often A line represents the response value of q the passage that color lump is corresponding, and the response of n color lump of a passage output is shown in each list Value.
(1.2) set up each even-numbered channels response value and front and back functional relationship between adjacent odd channel response value false If p1, p2And p3It is respectively the 1st, 2 and 3 row of standard color card response value matrix P, the reference colour of each corresponding 1st, 2 and 3 passage The response value of n color lump on card.By the 2nd channel response value p of second order polynomial fit2With the 1st and the 3rd channel response Value p1And p3Between relation, i.e.
p2=a0+a1*p1+a2*p3+a3*p1 2+a4*p3 2+a5*p1*p3
Utilize p2And p1, p3, solve above-mentioned polynomial coefficient A=[a by method of least square0,a1,a2,a3,a4,a5], I.e.
A=(CTC)-1CTp2
Wherein,For containing n element being all the column vector of 1,Hadamard for matrix or vector amasss.
By above-mentioned same method, the even-numbered channels response value such as the 4th, 6,8 can be obtained similarly the most adjacent with before and after it logical Second order polynomial function between road response value.
(2) transition matrix between spectral reflectance and multichannel response value is calculated.Use spectrophotometer measurement reference colour The spectral reflectance of all color lumps of cardR is the matrix of n row m row, and wherein n is the color lump number on standard color card, m Dimension for spectral reflectance.The response value of all odd chanels isThe response value of all even-numbered channels isAccording to each even-numbered channels response value and the second order polynomial function of front and back adjacent odd channel response value, meter Calculate the virtual responsive value of all even-numbered channels in standard color cardThe then response value of all passages of standard color cardThen, method of least square the transition matrix M from multichannel response value to spectral reflectance is calculated, i.e.
M = R T P ^ ( P ^ T P ^ ) - 1
(3) with odd chanel photographic subjects sample, and the spectral reflectance of target sample is calculated.Under same light source, use All odd chanel photographic subjects samples of multispectral camera, obtain odd chanel response value P of target sampleto, according to step (1) functional relationship between even-numbered channels and odd chanel response value in, calculates the response of all even-numbered channels of target sample ValueThe then response value of all passages of target sampleAccording to multichannel response value in step (2) to light The transition matrix M of spectrum reflectivity, calculates the spectral reflectance of target sample
R ^ t = ( M P ^ t T ) T .
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention pre-builds between even-numbered channels response value and odd chanel response value Functional relationship, then merely with odd chanel to target imaging, according between even-numbered channels response value and odd chanel response value Functional relationship, utilize odd chanel response value to calculate even-numbered channels response value, thus utilize all odd chanels and even number The response value of passage obtains the spectral reflectance of object, it is ensured that the acquisition of spectral reflectance in high precision, substantially reduces simultaneously During actual photographed, the quantity of passage used, effectively reduces acquisition time and the operation complexity of multichannel image.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart utilizing multispectral camera virtual responsive value to obtain spectral reflectance；
Fig. 2 is multispectral camera structural representation in example；
Fig. 3 is to use the spectral reflectance obtained respectively before and after tunnel response value in example.
Detailed description of the invention
As a example by the multispectral camera that light filter is wheeled, illustrate and utilize tunnel response value to obtain spectral reflectance Method.The structural representation of multispectral camera such as Fig. 2, by camera lens, light filter wheel, light filter wheel control unit and monochromatic CCD Sensor is constituted.This multispectral camera utilizes 16 interference filters to form 16 passages, and light filter wheel once can install 8 filters Color chips, therefore 16 light filters need twice installation.The peak transmittance wavelength of 16 light filters is from 400nm to 700nm, FWHM (full widths at half maximum, Full Width of Half Maximum) is 20nm, and the peak value that therefore 8 odd chanels are corresponding is saturating The rate wavelength of mistake is respectively 400nm, 440nm, 480nm, 520nm, 560nm, 600nm, 640nm, 680nm；8 even-numbered channels correspondences Peak transmittance wavelength be respectively 420nm, 460nm, 500nm, 540nm, 580nm, 620nm, 660nm, 700nm.Need Bright, the present invention is not limited only to the multispectral camera that light filter is wheeled, for the multispectral camera of other forms, as based on The multispectral camera of LCTF (liquid crystal tunable light filter, Liquid Crystal Tuneable Filter) is also suitable；Meanwhile, originally Invention is also not limited to the multispectral camera that number of channels is 16, also fits fewer of more than the multispectral camera of this light filter quantity With.In addition it is also possible to the second order polynomial functional relationship pre-build between odd chanel and even-numbered channels, the most only use even number Passage, to target sample imaging, then utilizes the functional relationship between odd chanel and even-numbered channels to calculate the strange of target sample Number channel response value, the most then utilize whole channel response value to obtain object spectra reflectivity.
As it is shown in figure 1, the present invention utilizes the method that multispectral camera virtual responsive value obtains spectral reflectance, specifically include Following steps:
(1) training sample is utilized to set up the functional relationship between even-numbered channels response value and odd chanel camera response value. Specifically include following sub-step:
(1.1) training sample is shot with multispectral camera.Select GretagMacbeth ColorChecker DC colour atla (DC colour atla), as training sample, uses the D65 light source in GretagMacbeth SpectraLight III lamp box as illumination Light source, is positioned over DC colour atla under D65 lighting source with measure geometry condition with 45/0 illumination, and whole with multispectral camera are led to Road shooting DC colour atla, extracts whole channel response values of all color lumps on DC colour atlaP is the square of 240 row 16 row Battle array, 240 is the color lump number on DC colour atla, and 16 is the quantity of all passages.
(1.2) each even-numbered channels response value and front and back functional relationship between adjacent odd channel response value are set up. Extract response value p of 240 color lumps of the DC colour atla of the 1st (400nm passage) and the 3rd (440nm passage) passage1And p3, i.e. 1st row of the response value matrix P of DC colour atla and the 3rd row, extract 240 color lumps of DC colour atla of the 2nd (420nm passage) passage Response value p2, i.e. the 2nd row of the response value matrix P of DC colour atla.By the 2nd channel response value p of second order polynomial fit2With the 1st Individual and the 3rd channel response value p1And p3Between relation, i.e.
p2=a0+a1*p1+a2*p3+a3*p1 2+a4*p3 2+a5*p1*p3
Utilize p2And p1, p3, solve above-mentioned polynomial coefficient A=[a0, a by method of least square1,a2,a3,a4,a5], I.e.
A=(CTC)-1CTp2
Wherein,For containing 240 elements being all the column vector of 1, D is that the Hadamard of matrix or vector amasss.
By above-mentioned same method, the 4th (460nm), 6 (500nm), 8 (540nm), 10 can be obtained similarly (580nm), 12 (620nm), 14 (660nm) and 16 (700nm) individual even-numbered channels response value with its before and after adjacency channel response value Between second order polynomial function.Owing to the 16th passage is last passage, there is no thereafter passage, then matching front with it two The second order polynomial relation of individual odd chanel (640nm and 680nm).
(2) transition matrix between spectral reflectance and multichannel response value is calculated.DC is measured with spectrophotometer SP64 The spectral reflectance of all color lumps of colour atlaR is the matrix of 240 row 31 row, and wherein 240 is the color on DC colour atla Block number, 31 is the dimension of spectral reflectance.The response value of all odd chanels isThe response of all even-numbered channels Value isAccording to each even-numbered channels response value and the transfer function of front and back adjacent odd channel response value, calculate Go out the response value of all even-numbered channels of DC colour atlaThe then tunnel response value of all passages of DC colour atlaThen, method of least square the transition matrix from multichannel response value to spectral reflectance is calculated
M = R T P ^ ( P ^ T P ^ ) - 1
(3) with odd chanel photographic subjects sample, and the spectral reflectance of target sample is calculated.With X-Rite company ColorChecker Color Rendition Chart colour atla (CRC colour atla) makees target sample.At GretagMacbeth Under D65 light source in SpectraLight III lamp box, with the 8 of multispectral camera odd chanel shooting CRC colour atlas, obtain CRC The odd chanel response value of 24 color lumps of colour atlaAccording to even-numbered channels in step (1) and odd chanel response value Between polynomial function, calculate the response value of all 8 even-numbered channels of CRC colour atlaThe then institute of CRC colour atla The response value having a passage isTurning according to multichannel response value in step (2) to spectral reflectance Change matrix M, calculate the spectral reflectance of target sample
R ^ t = ( M P ^ t T ) T .
Experimental result: when being provided without CRC colour atla tunnel response value the most only by 8 odd chanel response values, obtained The average light spectral difference (RMSE, root-mean-square error) of 24 color lump spectral reflectances of CRC colour atla be 0.0137, average color difference (Δ E00, CIEDE2000 aberration) and it is 1.26.Tunnel response value is used i.e. to comprise 8 even-numbered channels virtual responsive values and 8 strange Number channel response value, the average light spectral difference (RMSE) of obtained 24 color lump spectral reflectances of CRC colour atla is 0.0116, average color Difference (Δ E00) it is 0.88.Obviously, spectral reflectance acquired during employing tunnel response value, its spectral differences and aberration all have It is decreased obviously.It is acquired before and after using tunnel response value that accompanying drawing 3 illustrates the first row the 3rd color lump from left to right in CRC colour atla The comparison of spectral reflectance and its actual reflection spectrum curve, it is seen that spectrum acquired when it uses tunnel response value Reflectivity is closer to actual value.

Claims (1)

1. one kind utilizes the method that multispectral camera virtual responsive value obtains spectral reflectance, it is characterised in that include following step Rapid:
(1) training sample is utilized to set up the functional relationship between even-numbered channels response value and odd chanel camera response value.Specifically Including following sub-step:
(1.1) training sample is shot with multispectral camera.Use the standard color card comprising shades of colour block as training sample, choosing Take the stable light source of spectral power distribution as lighting source, standard color card is positioned over measure geometry condition with 45/0 illumination Under lighting source, shoot standard color card with all passages of multispectral camera, extract the channel response value of standard color cardP is the matrix of n row q row, and wherein n is the color lump number on standard color card, and q is the quantity of multispectral camera passage, often A line represents the response value of q the passage that color lump is corresponding, and the response of n color lump of a passage output is shown in each list Value.
(1.2) each even-numbered channels response value and front and back functional relationship between adjacent odd channel response value are set up.Assume p1, p2And p3It is respectively the 1st, 2 and 3 row of standard color card response value matrix P, the standard color card of each corresponding 1st, 2 and 3 passage The response value of upper n color lump.By the 2nd channel response value p of second order polynomial fit2With the 1st and the 3rd channel response value p1And p3Between relation, i.e.
p2=a0+a1*p1+a2*p3+a3*p1 2+a4*p3 2+a5*p1*p3
Utilize p2And p1, p3, solve above-mentioned polynomial coefficient A=[a by method of least square0,a1,a2,a3,a4,a5], i.e.
A=(CTC)-1CTp2
Wherein,For containing n element being all the column vector of 1,Hadamard for matrix or vector amasss.
By above-mentioned same method, can obtain similarly the even-numbered channels response value such as the 4th, 6,8 with its before and after adjacency channel ring Second order polynomial function between should being worth.
(2) transition matrix between spectral reflectance and multichannel response value is calculated.With in spectrophotometer measurement standard color card The spectral reflectance of all color lumpsR is the matrix of n row m row, and wherein n is the color lump number on standard color card, and m is light The dimension of spectrum reflectivity.The response value of all odd chanels isThe response value of all even-numbered channels isAccording to each even-numbered channels response value and the second order polynomial function of front and back adjacent odd channel response value, Calculate the virtual responsive value of all even-numbered channels of standard color cardThe then response of all passages of standard color card ValueThen, method of least square the transition matrix M from multichannel response value to spectral reflectance is calculated, i.e.
M = R T P ^ ( P ^ T P ^ ) - 1
(3) with odd chanel photographic subjects sample, and the spectral reflectance of target sample is calculated.Under same light source, the light with how All odd chanel photographic subjects samples of spectrum camera, obtain odd chanel response value P of target sampleto, according in step (1) Functional relationship between even-numbered channels and odd chanel response value, calculates the response value of all even-numbered channels of target sample The then response value of all passages of target sampleAccording to multichannel response value in step (2) to spectral reflectance The transition matrix M of ratio, calculates the spectral reflectance of target sample
R ^ t = ( M P ^ t T ) T .
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CN106841055A (en) * 2017-03-22 2017-06-13 浙江大学 A kind of training sample selection method for reconstructing art drawing spectrum picture
CN109738068A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-05-10 浙江农林大学暨阳学院 A kind of correction multispectral camera response non-linear method
CN109738067A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-05-10 浙江农林大学暨阳学院 A method of estimation narrow-band multispectral camera synthetic spectrum sensitivity
CN109839189A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-06-04 浙江农林大学暨阳学院 Utilize the method for multispectral camera self-adapting reconstruction spectral reflectance
CN110660112A (en) * 2019-09-29 2020-01-07 浙江大学 Drawing spectrum reconstruction method based on special color card and multispectral imaging

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CN106841055A (en) * 2017-03-22 2017-06-13 浙江大学 A kind of training sample selection method for reconstructing art drawing spectrum picture
CN106841055B (en) * 2017-03-22 2019-06-14 浙江大学 A kind of training sample selection method of reconstruct art drawing spectrum picture
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