CN1061079A - 涡旋压缩机的十字联轴节 - Google Patents

涡旋压缩机的十字联轴节 Download PDF

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CN1061079A
CN1061079A CN91105714A CN91105714A CN1061079A CN 1061079 A CN1061079 A CN 1061079A CN 91105714 A CN91105714 A CN 91105714A CN 91105714 A CN91105714 A CN 91105714A CN 1061079 A CN1061079 A CN 1061079A
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scroll
pair
type machine
supporting surface
oldham
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CN1028380C (zh
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詹姆斯·弗兰克林·福特
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Copeland LP
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/06Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents of other than internal-axis type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/02Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
    • F16D3/04Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow radial displacement, e.g. Oldham couplings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C17/00Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing
    • F01C17/06Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing using cranks, universal joints or similar elements
    • F01C17/066Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing using cranks, universal joints or similar elements with an intermediate piece sliding along perpendicular axes, e.g. Oldham coupling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008Hermetic pumps

Abstract

一种涡旋型机器带有一个独特的十字联轴节,用 来防止两涡旋件间的相对转动而允许其间进行公转 运动。十字联轴节设置在公转涡旋件端板的下面,并 具有和公转涡旋件中的槽滑动啮合的第一对键以及 和非公转涡旋件中的槽滑动啮合的第二对键。还可 以附加一个第三键,用以和非转动轴承箱中的槽滑动 啮合。

Description

本发明一般涉及涡旋压缩机,特别是涉及用于这种涡旋型压缩机的独特的十字联轴节。
涡旋型机器通常采用一根曲轴,以驱动一对涡旋件之一相对于第二交插的涡旋件做轨道运动(即公转运动)。为了防止涡旋件间相对转动,一般采用十字联轴节。这些十字联轴节呈各种形式,但一般都带有两对或多对键,每对键沿相反的方向从一个环形件伸出,其中一对键与公转涡旋件中的键槽相啮合,其它对键啮合于非公转涡旋件中或者一个静止体或轴承箱中的键槽中。
尽管这些设置在各个涡旋件之间的十字联轴节能有效地防止各涡旋件间的相对转动,但由于要将联轴节设置在涡旋件之间而带来设计和装配问题。另外,在某些场合,还需要采用附加支承结构和(或)加大外壳的尺寸来径向向外地支承涡旋件的十字联轴节。
通过在静止体和一个涡旋件之间设置十字联轴节并将另一个涡旋件安装到静止件上,就可简化上述设计问题,但这样做要增加成本,其原因是必须要将两个涡旋件相对于一个第三部件精确地定位。为了确保这两个涡旋件能彼此精确地转动地定位,这个第三部件就必须为每个涡旋件提供精确的定位和对正表面。
然而,本发明提供这样一种十字联轴节,它能直接连接两个涡旋件,以有效地防止其间的相对转动,同时能避免先有技术中存在的设计问题,并能减少所需的安装和定位表面的数目。本发明提供的十字联轴节设置在公转涡旋件的下面,从其上向外伸出的第一和第二对键都与相应的涡旋件相啮合。键的位置和联轴节的形状能使两个涡旋件直接相连,以保证其间可靠的精确转动定位,并从而以一种有效的方式防止其间相对转动,而不必增设附加的支承结构,因而也就不必增大压缩机的总体尺寸。
从下面结合附图的详细说明中,将更清楚地理解本发明的其它优点和特征。
图1为根据本发明的一种涡旋型致冷压缩机的垂直剖面图;
图2是类似于图1的部分剖面图,但该剖面是沿着穿过非公转涡旋件安装结构的平面截取的;
图3是沿图1中致冷压缩机的3-3线截取的剖面图;
图4是用于图1-3所示的本发明的致冷压缩机中的十字联轴节的平面图;
图5是图4所示的十字联轴节的侧面图;
图6是类似于图5的视图,但它表示了根据本发明的十字联轴节的一个改进实施例;
图7是图6中十字联轴节的部分剖面图,表示了与涡旋型致冷压缩机的配合关系。
现在参见附图,特别是图1,一台压缩机10包括一个大体圆柱形的气密外壳12,外壳的上部焊有一个端盖14,下部焊有一个底座16,底座上整体成型有多个安装脚(未示出)。端盖14装有一个致冷剂排放接头18,该接头可带有普通的排放阀(未示出)。固定到外壳上的其它主要部件包括:一块横向延伸的隔板22,它的周边沿着端盖14与外壳12的焊线焊在外壳12上;一个主轴承箱24,它适当地固定在外壳12上;一个下部轴承箱26,它具有多条径向向外延伸的腿,每条腿也适当地固定到外壳12上。一个具有大体方形横截面且带有圆角的马达定子28压配在外壳12中。位于定子上圆角之间的平面构成了定子和外壳之间的通路,这有助于润滑剂从外壳的顶部流到底部。
一根其上部带有偏心曲轴销32的驱动轴或曲轴30,可转动地支承在主轴承箱24内的轴承34和下部轴承箱26内的第二轴承36中。曲轴30的下端有一个直径较大的同心孔38,它与一个向上延伸到曲轴顶部的径向向外倾斜的较小直径孔40连通。外壳12下部内装有润滑油,孔38作为一台泵,将润滑油向曲轴30的上部泵送,使润滑油进入通道40并最终到达压缩机中需要润滑的所有部件。
曲轴30由一台电动马达旋转驱动,该马达包括定子28,穿过定子的线圈44和压配在曲轴30上的转子46,转子带有上、下平衡重48和50。可以设置一个平衡重护挡件52,以降低由于平衡重50在油槽内的油中旋转而引起工作损耗。平衡重护挡件52在与本申请同一天提交的发明名称为“致冷压缩机的平衡重护挡装置”的中国专利申请中有详细的说明,该申请的公开内容结合在本申请中作为参考。
主轴承箱24的圆柱形上部51限定了一个平的止推轴承面53,其上支承着一个公转涡旋件54,涡旋件54具有一个普通的端板和从端板的上表面伸出的螺旋叶片或涡卷56。一个圆柱形轮毂从公转涡旋54的端板的下表面向下伸出,其内装有一个轴颈轴承58,轴承内转动地设置有一个驱动套筒60,套筒有一个内孔62,曲轴销32驱动安装在该内孔中。曲轴销32具有一平表面,它与成型在孔62一部分上的一个平表面(未示出)驱动啮合,以提供一种径向啮合的驱动结构,这种结构公开于美国专利第4,877,382号中,该专利作为参考引入本申请中。
还设置了一个非公转涡旋件64,它具有一个端板和一个从此向下伸出的涡卷66,涡卷66定位成与涡旋件54上的涡卷56相啮合。非公转涡旋64具有一条同轴设置的排放通道75,通道75与一个朝上开口的凹槽77连通,而凹槽77又与由端盖14和隔板22限定的一个排气消音室79流体连通。在非公转涡旋件64中还形成有一个凹槽81,其内装有一个密封组件83。凹槽77和81以及密封组件83共同限定轴向压力偏压室,该偏压室接受由涡卷56和66压缩的加压流体,以便向非公转涡旋件64施加一个轴向偏压力,由此迫使相应的涡卷56和66的顶端与相对的端板表面构成密封啮合。密封组件83最好是采用和本申请同时递交的,发明名称为“带有浮动密封的涡旋机器”的中国专利申请所公开的那种型式(该申请也引入本申请作为参考)。
从图2清楚可见,非公转涡旋件64设计成利用多个沿周边间隔设置的螺栓68安装在主轴承箱24上。螺栓68穿过相应的套筒70,套筒70滑配在孔72中,孔72设置在整体成型在非公转涡旋件64上的径向外伸法兰部分74中。套筒70的长度最好设计成使螺栓69头部下表面和法兰部分74的上表面之间稍留有间隙,以便允许涡旋件64可沿离开涡旋件54的方向做轻微的轴向运动。这种安装结构以及其它可选择的安装结构,都详细公开于与本申请同时递交的发明名称为“涡旋机器的非公转涡旋件的安装结构”的中国专利申请中(此申请也作为参考引入本申请中)。其它可选用的安装结构公开于前述的美国专利第4,877,382中。
为了防止涡旋件54和64之间相对转动,设置了一个独特的十字联轴节76,它环绕着主轴承箱24的圆柱部分51并位于涡旋件54的端板的紧下面。
由图4和图5清楚可见,十字联轴节76具有一个环形部分78,其内表面是非圆形的,该内表面由两圆弧段80和82限定,两圆弧段具有恒定的半径R,它们的相对端通过长度为L的基本直的线段84和86相连。圆弧段80和82的半径R最好近似地等于主轴承箱24上的圆柱部分51的半径加上一个小的余隙。直线段84和86的长度L最好近似地等于公转涡旋件54的运行轨道半径的两倍加上一个小余隙。
在环78上设置有一对键88和90,这对键沿直径方向对正并从表面92轴向向外伸出。第二对键94和96也设置在环78上,它们也从表面92轴向向外伸出。键94和96沿着一条平行于圆弧段82的这样一条半径线的直线对正,该半径线垂直于键88和90的对正直径连线,并且该直线朝着键90径向偏移。另外,键94和96位于外伸凸缘部分上。键94和96的径向偏移和向外设置使得十字联轴节76的尺寸对于给定尺寸的压缩机和相关的外壳直径能保持为最小,同时能使止推面53的尺寸对于同样的压缩机被减到最小,还能防止与公转涡旋件54的涡卷56的安装位置和伸展空间发生干涉。
如图3所示,公转涡旋件54的端板带有一对向外伸出的凸缘部分98和100,每个凸缘部分上带有一个朝外开口的槽102。槽102的尺寸加工成能滑动地装纳相应的键94和96。当然,键94和96具有一适当的轴向长度或高度,以防止它伸出公转涡旋件54端板的上表面。
再参照图1,非公转涡旋件64上类似地设置有一对径向延伸对正的槽104和106,用于接纳相应的键88和90。当然键88和90明显地长于键94和96,并且它们具有足够的长度,以便伸到涡旋件54端板的上方并保持与槽104和106啮合,同时还能允许非公转涡旋件64进行有限的轴向运动(如前所述)。然而应该知道,当涡旋件64完全坐靠在涡旋件54上时,在相应键88和90的端部与相应槽104和106的覆盖表面之间最好稍留有间隙,由此防止存在干扰涡旋件之间的顶部密封的可能性。
现在可以理解,十字联轴节76通过由相应槽102、104和106以及相连的键94、96、98和90提供的支承面的共同作用,能将涡旋件54和64直接相连,并防止其间发生相对转动。类似地,将涡旋件64安装到主轴承箱24上的安装结构也能有效地防止涡旋件64相对于主轴承箱24发生相对转动,进而也就防止了涡旋件54相对于主轴承箱24的相对转动。
在图6和图7中表示了十字联轴节的另一个可选择的实施例。其中所示的十字联轴节108基本上与前述的十字联轴节76相同,不同之处仅在一于设置了第五个键110,此键从表面112朝着键88′、90′、94′和96′伸出的相反方向轴向伸出。键110最好与键90′轴向对正,并设计成能装在设置于主轴承箱24′上的槽114中,如此这样,键110将与由槽114限定的支承面相配合,来防止两涡旋件54和64相对于主轴承箱24′发生相对转动,而不必依靠非公转涡旋件的安装结构。如上所述,尽管仅用一个键110来与主轴承箱24′中的槽相啮合,但如果需要还可以增设与键110沿直径方向对正的第六个键,该键可装在主轴承箱24′上同样对正的第二个槽中。
虽然上面公开的本发明的最佳实施例能提供前述的优点和特性,但应该理解,还可对本发明进行修改,变型和变化,而不会超出本发明的范围。

Claims (13)

1、一种涡旋型机器,包括:
一个第一涡旋件,它具有从一个端板向外伸出的第一螺旋涡卷,
一个第二涡旋件,它具有从一个端板向外伸出的第二螺旋涡卷,第二螺旋涡卷与第一螺旋涡卷相交插,以便在其间限定多个运动的流体腔,
一个轴承箱,它具有一个轴向止推面,用于支承所述第二涡旋件,
一根由所述轴承箱转动支承的驱动轴,它驱动连接到所述第二涡旋件,以驱动第二涡旋件相对于所述第一涡旋件作公转运动,
用于防止所述第一和第二涡旋件之间转动的十字联轴节装置,它包括一个环,第一对设置在所述环上沿直径方向对正的支承面,和第二对设置在所述环上并与第一对支承面成直角布置的对正的支承面,所述第一对支承面与所述第一涡旋件相结合,以防止所述十字联轴节和所述第一涡旋件之间的相对转动,所述第二对支承面与所述第二涡旋件相结合,以防止所述十字联轴节和所述第二涡旋件之间的相对转动,所述环位于其中一个端板的伸出有所述螺旋涡卷的相反侧。
2、根据权利要求1的涡旋型机器,其特征是所述十字联轴节环绕着所述轴向止推面设置。
3、根据权利要求1的涡旋型机器,其特征是所述第一对支承面包括位于所述环的一个端面上的第一对键,所述端面面朝所述端板的相反侧。
4、根据权利要求3的涡旋型机器,其特征是所述第二对支承面包括位于所述端面上的第二对键。
5、根据权利要求4的涡旋型机器,其特征是所述第一对键轴向伸过所述一个端板,这对键位于该端板的径向外侧并与该端板保持径向间隔。
6、根据权利要求1的涡旋型机器,其特征是还包括用于防止所述第一涡旋件和所述轴承箱之间发生相对转动的防转装置。
7、根据权利要求6的涡旋型机器,其特征是所述防转装置包括用于将所述第一涡旋件安装到所述轴承箱上的轴向啮合安装装置,该安装装置允许所述第一涡旋件做有限的轴向运动。
8、根据权利要求1的涡旋型机器,其特征是所述环的内周表面是非圆形的,它包括两段半径相同的圆弧和在两段圆弧的相对端之间连接所述两段圆弧的两段圆弧较直的部分。
9、根据权利要求8的涡旋型机器,其特征是所述圆弧的半径等于所述轴承箱的半径加上一个预定的小余隙。
10、根据权利要求8的涡旋型机器,其特征是所述第一对对正的支承面是一对位于所述非公转涡旋件中的径向槽,它们沿直径方向设置在所述机器中心轴的相对侧。
11、根据权利要求8的涡旋型机器,其特征是所述第二对对正的支承面是一对位于所述公转涡旋件中的径向槽,它们沿直径方向设置在所述机器中心轴的相对侧。
12、根据权利要求8的涡旋型机器,其特征是还包括位于所述轴承箱上的第三支承面和位于所述环的另一相反端面上的第三键,第三键与第三支承面滑动线啮合,由此防止所述十字联轴节相对于所述轴承箱发生相对转动。
13、根据权利要求12的涡旋型机器,其特征是所述第三支承面和第三键沿轴向与所述第一对键对正。
CN91105714A 1990-10-01 1991-08-16 涡旋压缩机的十字联轴节 Expired - Lifetime CN1028380C (zh)

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CN103883523A (zh) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 丹佛斯商用压缩机有限公司 具有第一和第二欧丹联结件的涡旋式压缩机
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AU7946491A (en) 1992-04-02
KR100187946B1 (ko) 1999-06-01
CN1028380C (zh) 1995-05-10
ES2050645T3 (es) 1994-11-01
BR9103458A (pt) 1992-06-16
EP0479412A1 (en) 1992-04-08
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