CN105380635A - Heart rate data collection - Google Patents
Heart rate data collection Download PDFInfo
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- CN105380635A CN105380635A CN201510745382.5A CN201510745382A CN105380635A CN 105380635 A CN105380635 A CN 105380635A CN 201510745382 A CN201510745382 A CN 201510745382A CN 105380635 A CN105380635 A CN 105380635A
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- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02416—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
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- A61B5/02438—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
- A61B5/1118—Determining activity level
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4866—Evaluating metabolism
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
- A61B5/681—Wristwatch-type devices
Abstract
One innovative aspect is directed to heart rate data collection. In some implementations, a circuit includes a light detector for generating a first electrical signal based on received light. The circuit includes a switching circuit having a first configuration and a second configuration configured to receive a first voltage signal based on the first electrical signal and to switch between the first and the second configurations. The circuit includes a first sampling circuit and a second sampling circuit for sampling a value of the first voltage signal when the switching circuit is in the first configuration and the second configuration. The circuit includes a first component for generating a current signal to counter the first electrical signal when the first switching circuit is in the first configuration.
Description
division information
The application to be the applying date be June 3 in 2014 day, are called the divisional application of No. 201410243180.6 application for a patent for invention of " heart rate data collection ".
Technical field
Background technology
Recently the consumer of personal health is paid close attention to and has caused commercially providing multiple personal health monitoring arrangement.Until recently, this little device often uses complexity and usually through being designed for an activity, such as cycle touring computer.
The recent advances of sensor, electronic device and power supply miniaturization has allowed the size of personal health monitoring arrangement (being also called " biometric tracking " or " biometric supervision " device in this article) to provide with previous unpractical minimum size.For example, FitbitUltra is about 2 inches long, 0.75 inch wide and 0.5 inch of dark biometric monitoring arrangement; It has the pixellated display, battery, sensor, wireless communication ability, power supply and the interface button that are encapsulated in this little volume, and for the integrated intermediate plate of the other parts that described device are attached to pocket or clothes.
Discuss the various embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement and wherein spendable technology (and in some cases, biometric following function need not be provided in other device) herein.
Summary of the invention
In accompanying drawing and the details setting forth one or more embodiment of the subject matter described in this description in hereafter describing.Further feature, aspect and advantage will from described description, graphic and claims and becoming apparent.Note, the relative size of figure below may not be draw in proportion, is the graphic of bi-directional scaling unless specifically indicated.
A novel aspect of subject matter described in the present invention may be implemented in circuit, and in some embodiments, implements in the circuit in portable monitoring device.In some embodiments, described circuit comprises for receiving light and photodetector for producing first signal of telecommunication based on received light.Described circuit also comprises the first commutation circuit, and it has at least the first configuration and the second configuration.Described first commutation circuit is configured to receive the first voltage signal based on described first signal of telecommunication, and also receives one or more the first control signal.Described first commutation circuit is configured to switch between at least described first configuration and described second configure based on one or more first control signal described.Described circuit also comprises the first sample circuit, samples it is for being in described first configuration during in described first commutation circuit to the value of described first voltage signal.Described circuit also comprises the second sample circuit, samples it is for being in described second configuration during in described first commutation circuit to the value of described first voltage signal.Described circuit also comprises surround lighting and eliminates circuit, produces the first current signal to offset the first component of described first signal of telecommunication at least in part it is for being in described first configuration during in described first commutation circuit.Described first current signal is the described value based on one or more second control signal and described first voltage signal by described second sample circuit sampling.
In some embodiments, described circuit also comprises gain adjustable circuit, sets the second current signal with the gain relative to described first voltage signal of described first signal of telecommunication adjustment it is for being in described first configuration during in described first commutation circuit.Described second current signal is based on one or more the 3rd control signal and described first signal of telecommunication.In some embodiments, described first signal of telecommunication is current signal.In some these type of embodiments, described circuit comprises the current-to-voltage convertor for described first signal of telecommunication being transformed into the second voltage signal further.In this little embodiment, described first voltage signal is based on described second voltage signal.And, in this little embodiment, described gain adjustable circuit more particularly sets described second current signal with the gain relative to described second voltage signal of described first signal of telecommunication adjustment when described first commutation circuit is in described first configuration, and described second current signal is more particularly based on one or more the 3rd control signal and described second voltage signal.In addition, in some these type of embodiments, described surround lighting is eliminated circuit and is produced described first current signal when described first commutation circuit is in described first configuration, makes described first current signal have the polarity contrary with described first signal of telecommunication to offset described first component of described first signal of telecommunication at least in part.
In some embodiments, described current-to-voltage convertor and described gain adjustable circuit form transimpedance amplifier.In some these type of embodiments, described current-to-voltage convertor comprises first operational amplifier with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal.Described first input end can with the first terminal electric coupling of the first terminal of described photodetector and described gain adjustable circuit.Described second input terminal can with reference voltage electric coupling.And described lead-out terminal can with the second terminal electric coupling of described gain adjustable circuit.Described lead-out terminal exports described second voltage signal.
In some embodiments, described gain adjustable circuit comprises adjustable impedance level between the described the first terminal and described second terminal of described gain adjustable circuit of described gain adjustable circuit, and described adjustable impedance level is used for providing adjustable impedance to adjust described second current signal based on one or more the 3rd control signal described.In some these type of embodiments, described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network at least has the first impedance path having the first impedance and the second impedance path having the second impedance.Described gain adjustable circuit can comprise the second commutation circuit further, and described second commutation circuit is used for selecting in the middle of at least described first impedance path and described second impedance path based on one or more the 3rd control signal described.
In some embodiments, described circuit comprises further for cushioning described second voltage signal to produce the buffer of described first voltage signal.In some these type of embodiments, described buffer comprises second operational amplifier with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal.Described first input end of described second operational amplifier can with the described lead-out terminal electric coupling of described first operational amplifier, and the described lead-out terminal of described second operational amplifier can with the described second input terminal electric coupling of described second operational amplifier.In some embodiments, described first buffer comprises the resistor of in series electric coupling between the described lead-out terminal and described first commutation circuit of described second operational amplifier further.
In some embodiments, described surround lighting is eliminated circuit and comprise adjustable impedance level between described surround lighting is eliminated the second terminal that the first terminal of circuit and described surround lighting eliminate circuit, and described adjustable impedance level is used for providing adjustable impedance to adjust described first current signal based on one or more second control signal described.In some these type of embodiments, described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network at least has the first impedance path having the first impedance and the second impedance path having the second impedance.Described surround lighting eliminates circuit can comprise the second commutation circuit further, and described second commutation circuit is used for selecting in the middle of at least described first impedance path and described second impedance path based on one or more second control signal described.
In some embodiments, described first sample circuit comprises the first sampling and maintenance (S/H) road, and described first sampling and holding circuit are used for: receive described first voltage signal; The value of described first voltage signal is sampled; And store described through sampling value in interval between continuous sample.In some these type of embodiments, a described S/H circuit comprises first capacitor with the first terminal and the second terminal.Described the first terminal receives described first voltage signal, and described second terminal can with the reference voltage electric coupling such as such as ground connection.Described first capacitor stores described through sampling value.
Similarly, in some embodiments, described second sample circuit comprises the second sampling and maintenance (S/H) road, and described second sampling and holding circuit are used for: receive described first voltage signal; The value of described first voltage signal is sampled; And store described through sampling value in interval between continuous sample.In some these type of embodiments, described 2nd S/H circuit comprises second capacitor with the first terminal and the second terminal.Described the first terminal receives described first voltage signal, and described second terminal can with the reference voltage electric coupling such as such as ground connection.Described second capacitor stores described through sampling value.
In some embodiments, described circuit comprises A/D converter (ADC) further, and described first voltage signal that described A/D converter is used for based on being sampled by described first sample circuit produces digital voltage signal.In some these type of embodiments, described circuit comprises the buffer for cushioning described first voltage signal before described first voltage signal sampled by described first sample circuit is by described ADC reception further.In some these type of embodiments, described buffer comprises second operational amplifier with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal.Described first input end of described second operational amplifier can with the output electric coupling of described first sample circuit, and the described lead-out terminal of described second operational amplifier can with described second input terminal of described second operational amplifier and with described ADC electric coupling.In some embodiments, described digital voltage signal represents the heart beating of user.
In some embodiments, described circuit comprises further for being eliminated the buffer cushioning described first voltage signal before circuit receives by described surround lighting at described first voltage signal sampled by described second sample circuit.In some these type of embodiments, described buffer is configured to only just described first voltage signal sampled by described second sample circuit to be outputted to described surround lighting when receiving and enabling signal and eliminates circuit.In some these type of embodiments, described in enable signal be at least when described first commutation circuit be in described first configuration time be asserted.In some embodiments, described buffer comprises second operational amplifier with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal.Described first input end of described second operational amplifier can with the output electric coupling of described second sample circuit, the described lead-out terminal of described second operational amplifier and described second input terminal of described second operational amplifier and eliminate circuit electric coupling with described surround lighting.
In some embodiments, described circuit comprises the second commutation circuit be coupled with described photodetector further.In some embodiments, described photodetector described the first terminal can with described second commutation circuit electric coupling.In some these type of embodiments, the described the first terminal of described photodetector is electrically coupled to the Voltage References such as such as ground connection based on one or more second control signal by described second commutation circuit.
In some embodiments, the described circuit just described may be implemented in the devices such as such as portable monitoring device (such as, can wear wrist An Installed formula device).In this little embodiment, described device comprises optical transmitting set further, and it is for sending light towards the skin region of user.It is the drive circuit that described optical transmitting set is powered that described device also comprises based on one or more the second control signal.In some embodiments, described second control signal connects described optical transmitting set during causing the interval of described drive circuit when described first commutation circuit is in described first configuration.In some embodiments, described second control signal causes described drive circuit after described first sample circuit samples described first voltage signal and turned off described optical transmitting set before described first commutation circuit is switched to described second configuration.
In some these type of embodiments, described drive circuit comprises second operational amplifier with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal.Described drive circuit also comprises D/A converter (DAC), the sub-electric coupling of described first input end of described D/A converter and described second operational amplifier, for being provided to described first input end of described second operational amplifier by input signal.Electric power can be provided to the first terminal of described optical transmitting set by supply of electric power rail.In some embodiments, described drive circuit also comprises the transistor with gate terminal, drain terminal and source terminal.Described gate terminal can with the described lead-out terminal electric coupling of described second operational amplifier.Described drain terminal can with the second terminal electric coupling of described optical transmitting set.Described source terminal can with the reference voltage electric coupling such as such as ground connection.Described source terminal can further with the described second input terminal electric coupling of described second operational amplifier, for feedback signal being provided to described second operational amplifier.In some embodiments, described drive circuit comprises capacitor further, and described capacitor electrode is coupled between the described lead-out terminal of described second operational amplifier and described second input terminal of described second operational amplifier.Described drive circuit also can comprise the resistor be electrically coupled between described source terminal and described reference voltage.In this little embodiment, the described feedback signal during described second operational amplifier can be configured to the operation based on described circuit and cross over the voltage that described resistor remains less constant.
In another aspect, a kind of method is comprised and is turned off or optical transmitting set of stopping using by controller.Described method also comprises causes commutation circuit to be converted to second and to be configured to inactive first sample circuit from the first configuration and to enable the second sample circuit to sample the first detection signal by described controller.Described method also comprises by photodetector testing environment optical signal.Described method also comprises by described photodetector based on described first detection signal of described ambient light signal generation.Described method is also comprised and is sampled described first detection signal by described second sample circuit.Described method also comprises by described second sample circuit storage with described through sampling the proportional electric charge of the first detection signal.Described method also comprises connects or enables described optical transmitting set to send light emitted signal by described controller.Described method also comprises causes described commutation circuit to be converted to described first to be configured to enable described first sample circuit to sample the second detection signal from described second configuration by described controller.Described method also comprises and detects by described photodetector the incident optical signal comprised from the transmitting component of described light emitted signal and the context components from described ambient light signal.Described method also comprises by described photodetector based on described second detection signal of described incident optical signal generation.Described method also comprises causes described second sample circuit that described institute stored charge is sent to surround lighting elimination circuit by described controller.Described method also comprises eliminates circuit based on the described electric charge generation offseting signal received from described second sample circuit to offset the context components of described second detection signal at least partially by described surround lighting.Described method is also comprised and is sampled described second detection signal when described context components is cancelled by described second sample circuit.Described method also comprises based on described through sampling the second detection signal output signal output.
In some embodiments, described method comprises by described second sample circuit storage described through sampling the second detection signal further.In some embodiments, described method comprise further by described in A/D converter digitized through sampling the second detection signal to export described output signal.In some embodiments, described method comprises further causes gain adjustable the regulation of electrical circuit or selection impedance by described controller, and produces gain adjust signal to adjust the gain of described second detection signal.In some embodiments, described method comprises further and enables described photodetector produce described second detection signal from reference voltage decoupling to make described photodetector.In some embodiments, described method comprises further described photodetector is coupled to reference voltage, makes originally can be drained by the electric charge be accumulated in owing to surround lighting in described photodetector.
With reference to graphic and hereafter detailed description, these and other embodiment is described in further detail.
In some embodiments, a kind of circuit comprises: photodetector, and it is for receiving light and producing first signal of telecommunication based on described reception light; First commutation circuit, it has at least the first configuration and the second configuration, and described first commutation circuit is used for: receive the first voltage signal based on described first signal of telecommunication, receives one or more the first control signal; Switch between at least described first configuration and described second configure based on one or more first control signal described; First sample circuit, samples the value of described first voltage signal it is for being in described first configuration during in described first commutation circuit; Second sample circuit, samples the value of described first voltage signal it is for being in described second configuration during in described first commutation circuit; And surround lighting eliminates circuit, produce the first current signal to offset the first component of described first signal of telecommunication at least in part it is for being in described first configuration during in described first commutation circuit, described first current signal is the described value based on one or more second control signal and described first voltage signal by described second sample circuit sampling.
In some embodiments, described circuit comprises further: gain adjustable circuit, described gain adjustable circuit is used for setting the second current signal when described first commutation circuit is in described first configuration with the gain relative to described first voltage signal of described first signal of telecommunication adjustment, and described second current signal is based on one or more the 3rd control signal and described first signal of telecommunication.
In some embodiments, described first signal of telecommunication is current signal; Described circuit comprises the current-to-voltage convertor for described first signal of telecommunication being converted to the second voltage signal further; Described first voltage signal is based on described second voltage signal; Described gain adjustable circuit sets described second current signal with the gain relative to described second voltage signal of described first signal of telecommunication adjustment when described first commutation circuit is in described first configuration, described second current signal is based on one or more the 3rd control signal described and described second voltage signal; And described surround lighting elimination circuit produces described first current signal when described first commutation circuit is in described first configuration, makes described first current signal have the polarity contrary with described first signal of telecommunication to offset described first component of described first signal of telecommunication at least in part.
In some embodiments, described current-to-voltage convertor and described gain adjustable circuit form transimpedance amplifier.
In some embodiments, described current-to-voltage convertor comprises first operational amplifier with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal; Described first input end and the first terminal of described photodetector and the first terminal electric coupling of described gain adjustable circuit; Described second input terminal and reference voltage electric coupling, the second terminal electric coupling of described lead-out terminal and described gain adjustable circuit, described lead-out terminal is also for exporting described second voltage signal.
In some embodiments, described gain adjustable circuit comprises adjustable impedance level between the described the first terminal and described second terminal of described gain adjustable circuit of described gain adjustable circuit, and described adjustable impedance level is used for providing adjustable impedance to adjust described second current signal based on one or more the 3rd control signal described.
In some embodiments, described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network at least has the first impedance path having the first impedance and the second impedance path having the second impedance; And described gain adjustable circuit comprises the second commutation circuit further, described second commutation circuit is used for selecting between at least described first impedance path and described second impedance path based on one or more the 3rd control signal described.
In some embodiments, described circuit comprises further for cushioning described second voltage signal to produce the buffer of described first voltage signal.
In some embodiments, described buffer comprises second operational amplifier with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal; Described first input end of described second operational amplifier and described lead-out terminal electric coupling, the described lead-out terminal of described second operational amplifier and the described second input terminal electric coupling of described second operational amplifier of described first operational amplifier.
In some embodiments, described first buffer comprises the resistor of in series electric coupling between the described lead-out terminal and described first commutation circuit of described second operational amplifier further.
In some embodiments, described surround lighting is eliminated circuit and comprise adjustable impedance level between described surround lighting is eliminated the second terminal that the first terminal of circuit and described surround lighting eliminate circuit, and described adjustable impedance level is used for providing adjustable impedance to adjust described first current signal based on one or more second control signal described.
In some embodiments, described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network at least has the first impedance path having the first impedance and the second impedance path having the second impedance; And described surround lighting elimination circuit comprises the second commutation circuit further, described second commutation circuit is used for selecting between at least described first impedance path and described second impedance path based on one or more second control signal described.
In some embodiments, described first sample circuit comprises the first sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuit, and described first sampling and holding circuit are used for: receive described first voltage signal; The value of described first voltage signal is sampled; And store described through sampling value in interval between continuous sample.
In some embodiments, a described S/H circuit comprises: first capacitor with the first terminal and the second terminal, described the first terminal is for receiving described first voltage signal, and described second terminal and reference voltage electric coupling, described first capacitor is described through sampling value for storing.
In some embodiments, described second sample circuit comprises the second sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuit, and described second sampling and holding circuit are used for: receive described first voltage signal; The value of described first voltage signal is sampled; And store described through sampling value in interval between continuous sample.
In some embodiments, described 2nd S/H circuit comprises: second capacitor with the first terminal and the second terminal, described the first terminal is for receiving described first voltage signal, and described second terminal and reference voltage electric coupling, described second capacitor is described through sampling value for storing.
In some embodiments, described circuit comprises the A/D converter (ADC) for producing digital voltage signal based on described first voltage signal sampled by described first sample circuit further.
In some embodiments, described circuit comprises the buffer for cushioning described first voltage signal before described first voltage signal sampled by described first sample circuit is by described ADC reception further.
In some embodiments, described buffer comprises second operational amplifier with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal; Described first input end of described second operational amplifier and the output electric coupling of described first sample circuit, the described lead-out terminal of described second operational amplifier and described second input terminal of described second operational amplifier and with described ADC electric coupling.
In some embodiments, described digital voltage signal represents the heart beating of user.
In some embodiments, described circuit comprises further for being eliminated the buffer cushioning described first voltage signal before circuit receives by described surround lighting at described first voltage signal sampled by described second sample circuit.
In some embodiments, described buffer is configured to only just described first voltage signal sampled by described second sample circuit to be outputted to described surround lighting when receiving and enabling signal and eliminates circuit, described in enable signal be at least be asserted when described first commutation circuit is in described first configuration.
In some embodiments, described buffer comprises second operational amplifier with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal, described first input end of described second operational amplifier and the output electric coupling of described second sample circuit, the described lead-out terminal of described second operational amplifier and described second input terminal of described second operational amplifier and eliminate circuit electric coupling with described surround lighting.
In some embodiments, described circuit comprises the second commutation circuit further, the described the first terminal of described photodetector and described second commutation circuit electric coupling, described second commutation circuit is used for, based on one or more the 3rd control signal, the described the first terminal of described photodetector is coupled to Voltage Reference.
In some embodiments, described circuit comprises the microcontroller producing described first control signal and described second control signal further.
In some embodiments, a kind of device comprises: the circuit according to technical scheme 1, and optical transmitting set, and it is for sending light towards the skin region of user.
In some embodiments, described device comprises further: be the drive circuit that described optical transmitting set is powered based on one or more second control signal.
In some embodiments, described second control signal connects described optical transmitting set during causing the interval of described drive circuit when described first commutation circuit is in described first configuration.
In some embodiments, described second control signal causes described drive circuit after described first sample circuit samples described first voltage signal and turned off described optical transmitting set before described first commutation circuit is switched to described second configuration.
In some embodiments, described drive circuit comprises: the second operational amplifier, and it has first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal; D/A converter (DAC), the sub-electric coupling of described first input end of itself and described second operational amplifier, for being provided to described first input end of described second operational amplifier by input signal; Supply of electric power rail, it is for being provided to the first terminal of described optical transmitting set by electric power; Transistor, it has gate terminal, drain terminal and source terminal, the described lead-out terminal electric coupling of described gate terminal and described second operational amplifier, second terminal electric coupling of described drain terminal and described optical transmitting set, and described source terminal and reference voltage electric coupling, described source terminal further with the described second input terminal electric coupling of described second operational amplifier for feedback signal being provided to described second operational amplifier; Capacitor, it is electrically coupled between the described lead-out terminal of described second operational amplifier and described second input terminal of described second operational amplifier; And resistor, it is electrically coupled between described source terminal and described reference voltage, the described feedback signal during wherein said second operational amplifier is configured to based on the operation of described circuit and maintain and cross over the less constant voltage of described resistor.
In some embodiments, described optical transmitting set and the circuit according to technical scheme 1 are arranged in the shell that can be worn by user at least in part.
In some embodiments, a kind of method comprises: turned off by controller or optical transmitting set of stopping using; Commutation circuit is caused to be converted to the second configuration, with the first sample circuit and enable the second sample circuit to sample the first detection signal of stopping using from the first configuration by described controller; By photodetector testing environment optical signal; Described first detection signal is produced based on described ambient light signal by described photodetector; By described second sample circuit, described first detection signal is sampled; Store with described through sampling the proportional electric charge of the first detection signal by described second sample circuit; Connect or enable described optical transmitting set to send light emitted signal by described controller; Described commutation circuit is caused to be converted to described first configuration, to enable described first sample circuit to sample the second detection signal from described second configuration by described controller; The incident optical signal comprised from the transmitting component of described light emitted signal and the context components from described ambient light signal is detected by described photodetector; Described second detection signal is produced based on described incident optical signal by described photodetector; Cause described second sample circuit that described institute stored charge is sent to surround lighting by described controller and eliminate circuit; Eliminate circuit by described surround lighting and produce offseting signal, to offset the context components of described second detection signal at least partially based on the described electric charge received from described second sample circuit; Described second detection signal is sampled when described context components is cancelled by described second sample circuit; And based on described through sampling the second detection signal output signal output.
In some embodiments, described method comprises further: store described through sampling the second detection signal by described second sample circuit; By described in A/D converter digitized through sampling the second detection signal to export described output signal.
In some embodiments, described method comprises further: cause gain adjustable circuit by described controller: adjustment or selection impedance; And produce gain adjust signal to adjust the gain of described second detection signal.
In some embodiments, described method comprises further: enable described photodetector produce described second detection signal from reference voltage decoupling to make described photodetector.
In some embodiments, described method comprises further: described photodetector is coupled to reference voltage, makes originally can be drained by the electric charge be accumulated in owing to surround lighting in described photodetector.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Various embodiments disclosed herein to be unrestrictedly illustrated as an example in the figure of accompanying drawing, and in the accompanying drawings, identical reference numbers can refer to like.
Fig. 1 illustrates the example portable monitoring device realized via the user interactions of user interface.
Fig. 2 A illustrates the example portable monitoring device that can be fastened to user via using belt.
Fig. 2 B provides the view of the example portable monitoring device of Fig. 2 A, and it shows the part towards skin of described device.
Fig. 2 C provides the cross-sectional view of the portable monitoring device of Fig. 2 A.
Fig. 3 A provides the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of example portable monitoring device.
Fig. 3 B describes the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of example portable monitoring device; This projection is similar to the projection presented in Fig. 3 A, and just light source and photoelectric detector are placed on the PCB of smooth and/or hard.
Fig. 3 C provides another cross-sectional view of example PPG Sensor Implementation.
Fig. 4 A illustrates the example of a potential PPG light source and photoelectric detector geometry.
Fig. 4 B and 4C illustrates the example with the PPG sensor of photoelectric detector and two LED light sources.
Fig. 5 illustrates the bossed example through optimizing PPG detector of tool, and described projection has curved side in order to avoid make user not feel well.
Fig. 6 A illustrates the example with the portable monitoring device of belt; Optical pickocff and optical transmitting set can be placed on described belt.
Fig. 6 B illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement with display and wrist strap.In addition, optics PPG (such as, heart rate) detecting sensor and/or emitter can be positioned on the side of biometric monitoring arrangement.In one embodiment, these each can be arranged in Ce Mian An Installed formula button.
Fig. 7 describes the side that user presses portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement and carries out heart rate measurement with An Installed formula optics heart rate detection sensor from the side.The display of biometric monitoring arrangement can show heart rate heart rate and/or display user whether being detected.
Fig. 8 illustrated example biometric monitoring arrangement intelligent alarm feature functional.
Fig. 9 illustrates the mobile degree that experiences based on biometric monitoring arrangement and changes the example of portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement that it detects the mode of user's heart rate.
Figure 10 illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement it with bicycle application program, and described bicycle application program can show step and other tolerance of bicycle speed and/or pedal.
Figure 11 A illustrates the example block diagram of PPG sensor, and described PPG sensor has light source, photodetector, ADC, processor, DAC/GPIO, and the intensity of light source and ON/OFF control.
Figure 11 B illustrates the example block diagram being similar to the PPG sensor of the PPG sensor of Figure 11 A, and described PPG sensor additionally uses sampling and holding circuit and analogue signal to regulate.
Figure 11 C illustrates the example block diagram being similar to the PPG sensor of the PPG sensor of Figure 11 A, and described PPG sensor additionally uses sampling and holding circuit.
Figure 11 D illustrates the example block diagram with the PPG sensor of multiple switchable light source and detector, the intensity of light source/switch control and circuit for signal conditioning.
Figure 11 E illustrates the example block diagram of the PPG sensor using synchronous detecting.For the PPG performing this type detects, it has demodulator.
Figure 11 F illustrates the example block diagram of PPG sensor, and described PPG sensor also has difference amplifier except the feature of the sensor illustrated in Figure 11 A.
Figure 11 G illustrates the example block diagram of PPG sensor, and described PPG sensor has the feature of the PPG sensor shown in Figure 11 A to 11F.
Figure 12 A illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the telecommunication circuit having heart rate or PPG sensor, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor and be connected to processor.
Figure 12 B illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the telecommunication circuit having heart rate or PPG sensor, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor, position sensor, altitude sensor, skin electric conductivity/humidity sensor and be connected to processor.
Figure 12 C illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the position sensor having biosensor, environmental sensor and be connected to processor.
Figure 13 A illustrates the example using motor message and optics PPG signal to measure heart rate.
Figure 13 B illustrates another example using motor message and optics PPG signal to measure heart rate.
Figure 14 A illustrates the example with the sensor that the simulation to sensor processor connects.
Figure 14 B illustrates the example with the sensor that the simulation to sensor processor connects, and the numeral that described sensor processor has again to application processor connects.
Figure 14 C illustrates the example with the sensor device of the one or more sensors being connected to application processor.
Figure 14 D illustrates the example with the sensor device of the one or more sensors being connected to sensor processor, and described sensor processor is connected to application processor again.
Figure 15 A illustrates the example of the swimming detection algorithm using sequential algorithm flow process.
Figure 15 B illustrates the example of the swimming detection algorithm using parallel algorithm flow process.
Figure 15 C illustrates use order and the example of the swimming detection algorithm mixed of parallel algorithm flow process.
Figure 15 D illustrates use order and the example of the swimming detection algorithm mixed of parallel algorithm flow process.
Figure 16 A illustrates and can be used for the sampling of PPG sensing and the example schematic of holding circuit and difference/instrument amplifier.
Figure 16 B illustrates that the use controlled current source being used for PPG sensor " is biased " example schematic of the circuit of electric current in the precompensation of transimpedance amplifier.
Figure 16 C illustrates the example schematic being used for the use sampling of PPG sensor and holding circuit and being used for the circuit of the current feedback being applied to photodiode (before transimpedance amplifier).
Figure 16 D illustrates that the use being used for PPG sensor has the example schematic that surround lighting eliminates the circuit of functional difference/instrument amplifier.
Figure 16 E illustrates that the use photodiode being used for PPG sensor compensates the example schematic of the circuit of the electric current dynamically produced by DAC.
Figure 16 F illustrates that the use photodiode being used for PPG sensor compensates the example schematic of the circuit of the electric current dynamically produced by controlled voltage source.
Figure 16 G illustrates that the surround lighting comprising use " switched capacitor " method being used for PPG sensor removes the example schematic of functional circuit.
Figure 16 H illustrates that the use photodiode being used for PPG sensor compensates the example schematic of the circuit of the electric current (this also can use constant voltage source and resistor) produced by constant current source.
Figure 16 I illustrate be used for PPG sensor comprise the example schematic that surround lighting removes the circuit of the differencing between functional and continuous sample.
Figure 16 J illustrates that being used for surround lighting removes and the example schematic of circuit of differencing between continuous sample.
Figure 17 show according to some embodiments for driving optical transmitting set to send optical signal L
edrive circuit is launched to the example light on the skin area of user.
Figure 18 show according to some embodiments for detecting scattered light signal L
sand for based on described scattered light signal L
sthe block diagram of the example light testing circuit of output signal output OUT.
Figure 19 shows the example circuit according to the optical detection circuit for implementing Figure 18 of some embodiments.
Detailed description of the invention
(it also can be described as " biometric tracking means ", " personal health monitoring arrangement ", " portable monitoring device ", " portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement ", " biometric monitoring arrangement " herein and in any reference case be incorporated to by reference to the present invention be directed to biometric monitoring arrangement, etc.), it can be described as wearable device usually, usually there is little size, through design to be worn relatively continuously by people.When wearing, the data of the physiological status about the activity performed by wearer or wearer collected by this little biometric monitoring arrangement.These data can comprise the mutual data representing surrounding around wearer or wearer and environment, such as, about exercise data, surround lighting, environment noise, the air quality of the movement of wearer, Deng, and by the various physiological property measuring wearer the physiological data that obtains, such as heart rate, level of perspiration, etc.
As mentioned above, biometric monitoring arrangement is generally little of to make wearer inconspicuous in size.Fitbit provides all very little and very light several biometric monitoring arrangement, and such as, FitbitFlex is a kind of wrist strap, and it has insertable biometric monitoring arrangement, takes advantage of 1.3 inches long to take advantage of 0.25 inch for its about 0.5 inch wide.Biometric monitoring arrangement usually through designing can wear long time period when not having sense of discomfort, and does not disturb normal daily routines.
In some cases, biometric monitoring arrangement can utilize other device in biometric monitoring arrangement outside, such as, the outside heart rate monitor in the EKG forms of sensor on pectoral girdle can in order to obtain heart rate data, or the gps receiver in smart phone can in order to obtain position data.In some cases, biometric monitoring arrangement can use wired or wireless communication to connect and these communication with external apparatus.Herein the concept that discloses and discuss can be applicable to independent biochemical metering monitoring arrangement and utilization be provided in sensor in external device (ED) or functional (such as, external sensor, the sensor provided by smart phone or functional, etc.) both biometric monitoring arrangements.
In general, the concept discussed herein may be implemented in independent biochemical metering monitoring arrangement and (in due course) utilizes in the biometric monitoring arrangement of external device (ED).
Although should be understood that comprised concept and discussion present in the context of biometric monitoring arrangement herein, if suitably hardware can be used, so these concepts also can be applied in other context equally.For example, many modern smart phones comprise the motion sensors such as the such as accelerometer be usually contained in biometric monitoring arrangement, and if suitably hardware can be used in device, the concept discussed so herein may be implemented in this device.In effect, this can regard the biometric monitoring arrangement (but for being greater than canonical biometric metering monitoring arrangement and the biometric monitoring arrangement that may not wear in the same manner) smart phone being changed into a certain form as.This little embodiment is also interpreted as being in scope of the present invention.
That discusses herein functionally uses several distinct methods to provide.For example, in some embodiments, processor can be controlled to provide functional as described herein by the computer executable instructions stored in memory.In other embodiments, this functionally can the form of circuit provide.In other embodiment again, this is functional can be provided by one or more processor controlled by the computer executable instructions be stored in the memorizer of custom-designed which couple with one or more.Can in order to implement the various examples of the hardware of concept summarized herein including but not limited to special IC (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), and with store the general purpose microprocessor be coupled for the memorizer of the executable instruction controlling general purpose microprocessor.
Independent biochemical metering monitoring arrangement can several form factor provide, and can wear in many ways through design.In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be worn in housing maybe can be inserted in multiple different housing worn can be inserted into one through design, such as, wrist strap housing, strap clamp housing (belt-clipcase), suspension member housing, be configured to be attached to the housing of exercise devices such as such as bicycle, etc.This little embodiment is described in greater detail in the 14/029th of such as JIUYUE in 2013 application on the 17th the, and in No. 764 U.S. patent application case, described U.S. patent application case is incorporated to for this purpose hereby by reference.In other embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can through design only to wear by a kind of mode, and such as, the biometric monitoring arrangement be integrated in wrist strap in non-removable mode can setly only be worn in the wrist (or possibility ankle) of people.
Can have and be suitable for being coupled to (such as, be fastened to, wear, supported, etc.) health of user or the shape of clothes and size according to the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of embodiment as herein described and embodiment.The examples show of portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement is in Fig. 1; Described example portable monitoring device can have user interface, processor, biometric sensors, memorizer, environmental sensor and/or can with the wireless transceiver of client and/or server communication.The examples show of weared on wrist type portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement is in Fig. 2 A to 2C.This device can have display, button, electron device package, and/or attachment strip.Attachment strip can be fastened to user via using shackle (such as, Velcro), buckle and/or have the belt (such as, via use spring metal band) of the memorizer for its shape.In fig. 2b, sensor projection and the recess for coordinating charger and/or data to launch cable can be seen.In fig. 2 c, the cross section through electron device package is shown.It should be noted that sensor projection, main PCB plate, and display.
Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can collect physiology and/or the environmental data of one or more type from embedded type sensor and/or external device (ED), and by this communicating information or be relayed to other device (comprising the device of the data source can serving as accessible the Internet), thus permit such as using web browser or network application program to inspect collected data.For example, when user adorns oneself with biometric monitoring arrangement, biometric monitoring arrangement can use one or more biometric sensors (such as, using one or more accelerometer, gyroscope and/or other motion sensor) calculate and store the step number of user.Biometric monitoring arrangement then can will represent that the data of step number of user be transmitted into account, computer, mobile phone on network service (such as, www.fitbit.com), or wherein can store, to process and by the health station of user's observed data.In fact, biometric monitoring arrangement is except the step number of user or replace the step number of user also can measure or calculate other physiological measurements multiple.These physiological measurements are including but not limited to energy expenditure, such as, caloric burn value, the number of floor levels climbed up and/or climb down, heart rate, changes in heart rate, heart rate recovers, position and/or trend are (such as via GPS, GLONASS or similar system), rise, speed of walking about and/or travel distance, swimming one way counting, stroke type and the counting detected, bicycle distance and/or speed, blood pressure, blood glucose, skin conductance, skin and/or body temp, via the muscular states that electromyography is measured, by the cerebral activity that electroencephalography is measured, body weight, body fat, calorie is taken in, from the nutrition intake of food, medicine is taken in, sleep cycle, such as clock time, Sleep stages, sleep quality and/or persistent period, pH value level, hydration level, breathing rate, and other physiological measurements.The tolerance relevant with the environment around user be measured or be calculated to biometric monitoring arrangement can also, such as atmospheric pressure, weather condition are (such as, temperature, humidity, pollen count, air quality, rain/ice-lolly part, wind speed), light expose (such as, surround lighting, UV light expose, time of spending in the dark and/or persistent period), post noise exposure, radioactive exposure, and magnetic field.In addition, collect from biometric monitoring arrangement the tolerance that the biometric monitoring arrangement of data flow or system can calculate from then on statistical conversion.For example, device or system can calculate anxiety and/or the relaxation level of user via the combination of changes in heart rate, skin conductance, noise pollution and sleep quality.In another example, device or system can be taken in via medicine, the combination of dormant data and/or activity data to be to determine effect of medical intervention (such as medicine).In a further example, biometric monitoring arrangement or system can be taken in via pollen data, medicine, the combination of sleep and/or activity data determines effect of allergic drug.There is provided these examples only in order to illustrate, and not wish for restrictive or detailed.The further embodiment of sensor device and embodiment are found in the U.S. patent application case 13/156 that the title applied on June 8th, 2011 is " portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement and operational approach (PortableBiometricMonitoringDevicesandMethodsofOperatingS ame) thereof ", the title of application on August 6th, 304 and 2012 is the U.S. patent application case 61/680 of " Fitbit tracker (FitbitTracker) ", in 230, the full text of described both U.S. patent application case is incorporated herein by reference hereby.
Biosensor
The biometric monitoring arrangement discussed herein can use one, some or all of with lower sensor to obtain physiological data, including but not limited to the physiological data summarized in following table.All combinations of biosensor and/or physiological data and arrange set falling within the scope of the present invention.Biometric monitoring arrangement can including but not limited to following appointment for obtaining one of corresponding physiological data, the type of some or all of sensor; In fact, also can or alternatively use the sensor of other type to obtain corresponding physiological data, and the sensor of this other type a little is also set falls within the scope of the present invention.In addition, biometric monitoring arrangement can export statistical conversion physiological data from respective sensor, the number of the physiological data can derived from described sensor including but not limited to it or type.
In an example embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical pickocff to detect, sensing, sampling and/or produce can in order to determine to represent the data of the information of the anxiety (or its level) of such as user, blood pressure and/or heart rate.(see, such as Fig. 2 A to 3C and 11A to 11G).In this little embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical pickocff, it has one or more light source (LED, laser, Deng) to send or to export the health of light to user, and photodetector (photodiode, optotransistor, Deng) provide to determine to represent the data of the data of the anxiety (or its level) of user, blood pressure and/or heart rate (such as, such as, by using photoelectricity volume diagram) to sample, to measure and/or to detect this light from the response of user's body or reflection.
In an example embodiment, the heart rate measurement of user can be triggered by the criterion determined by one or more sensor (or being connected to its treatment circuit).For example, when the data from motion sensor indicate static or cycle that is that have few motion, biometric monitoring arrangement can trigger, obtains and/or obtain heart rate measurement or data.(see, such as Fig. 9,12A and 12B).
Figure 12 A illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the telecommunication circuit having heart rate or PPG sensor, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor and be connected to processor.Figure 12 B illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the telecommunication circuit having heart rate or PPG sensor, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor, position sensor, altitude sensor, skin electric conductivity/humidity sensor and be connected to processor.
In one embodiment, when motion sensor indicating user is movable or move (such as, for triggering, obtain and/or obtain required heart rate measurement or data (such as, in order to determine the data of the resting heart rate of user) improper or and the motion of non-optimal) time, can be placed in order to the biometric monitoring arrangement and/or sensor obtaining and/or obtain required heart rate measurement or data or be held in low power state.Because the heart rate measurement during movement carried out may be not too reliable and may passive movement illusion destroy, thus when biometric monitoring arrangement at the volley time, the frequency (thus reducing power use) reducing to collect heart rate data sample may be needed.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use the data of indicating user activity or motion (such as, from one or more motion sensor) adjust or revise triggering, obtain and/or obtain the characteristic (such as, to improve the robustness to motion artifact) of required heart rate measurement or data.For example, if biometric monitoring arrangement receives the data that indicating user is movable or move, so biometric monitoring arrangement adjustable or amendment are in order to obtain the sampling rate of sensor of heart rate data and/or resolution model (such as, when user movement amount exceedes a certain threshold value, biometric monitoring arrangement can increase sampling rate and/or increase the sampling resolution pattern of the sensor in order to obtain heart rate measurement or data).In addition, biometric monitoring arrangement can at the sampling rate of period in this little cycle (such as, user movement amount exceedes the cycle of a certain threshold value) adjustment of User Activity or motion or amendment motion sensor and/or resolution model.In this way, when biometric monitoring arrangement is determined or this User Activity or motion detected, motion sensor can be placed in higher sampling rate and/or higher sampling resolution pattern such as to realize the adaptive-filtering more accurately of heart rate signal by biometric monitoring arrangement.(see, such as, Fig. 9).
Fig. 9 illustrates the mobile degree that experiences based on biometric monitoring arrangement and changes the example of portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement that it detects the mode of user's heart rate.When motion (such as, via use accelerometer) being detected wherein, user can be thought in " activity " by biometric monitoring arrangement, and the motion artifact that reduces in heart rate measurement can occur high sampling rate heart rate detection.Can preserve and/or show this data.When biometric monitoring arrangement determine that user does not move (or sitting relatively), low sampling rate heart rate detection (it does not consume so much power) can be suitable for measuring heart rate and thus can be used.
It should be noted that, when biometric monitoring arrangement uses optical technology to come such as by using photoelectricity volume diagram to obtain heart rate measurement or data, motor message can be used determine or set up ad hoc approach or the technology of being carried out data acquisition or measurement (such as, synchronous detecting instead of non-amplitude modulation method) and/or its analysis by heart rate sensor.(see, such as Figure 11 E).In this way, the data of indicating user motion or activity can cause biometric monitoring arrangement to be set up or adjust type or the technology of data acquisition or the measurement used by one or more optics heart rate sensor.
For example, in one embodiment, when motion detector circuit detect or determine the motion of biometric monitoring arrangement wearer lower than during threshold value (such as, if user's sitting or sleeping determined by biometric monitoring arrangement), the sampling rate of biometric monitoring arrangement (or heart rate measurement technology as herein disclosed) adjustable and/or the sampling of reduction optics heart rate.(see, such as, Fig. 9).In this way, biometric monitoring arrangement can control its power consumption.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement by reducing sensor sampling rate and reduce power consumption, such as, biometric monitoring arrangement can every 10 minutes once or every 1 minute 10 seconds Di heart rate is sampled (via heart rate sensor).It should be noted that additionally or alternati, biometric monitoring arrangement can control power consumption via according to the data processing circuit analysis of motion detection control and/or data analysis technique.Thus, the motion of user may affect heart rate data get parms and/or data analysis or its process.
Motion artifact in heart rate sensor suppresses
As discussed above, by using one or more algorithm to remove motion artifact to improve by the original signal of PPG sensor measurement.The movement of sensor measurement user (for determining motion artifact) can be used, described sensor including but not limited to accelerometer, gyroscope, proximity detector, magnetometer, etc.The target of this little algorithm uses from the movable signal of capturing as other sensor instructed to remove the component (mobile illusion) being attributable to movement of PPG signal.In one embodiment, sef-adapting filter can be used based on hybrid card Thalmann filter (Kalmanfilter) and least-mean-square filter or recursive least-squares wave filter to remove mobile illusion in PPG signal.Can then use peak counting algorithm or power spectral density algorithm for estimating from clean/extract heart rate through filtering signal.Or, Kalman filter or particle filter can be used to remove this little mobile illusion.
Can be Y=Y by heart rate signal model creation in order to calculate the other method of heart rate frequency
dc+ Σ a
k* cosk θ+b
k* sink θ, wherein k is the exponent number of harmonic component, and θ is the model parameter for heart rate.This model then can use extended Kalman filter or particle filter and be fitted to signal.This model utilizes following true: signal is also non-sinusoidal, therefore contains power at primary harmonic and multiple extra both harmonic waves place.
Or, can be Y=Y by signal modeling
dc+ Σ a
k* sin (k*w
motiont+ θ)+Σ b
k* sin (k*w
hRt+ φ), wherein w
motiondirectly estimate from accelerometer signal (or another motion sensor signal).
Surround lighting and the colour of skin
Surround lighting and the colour of skin may make to be difficult to the heart rate from PPG signal extraction user.During by opening from PPG light source receive sensed light signal the value institute deducted when PPG light source is closed receive the value of sensed light signal and reduce the impact (assuming that two signals are the time acquisitions at close proximity each other) of surround lighting.
By the intensity changing PPG light source, the wavelength of light sent from light source and/or the impact reducing the colour of skin by using the ratio of the received signal corresponding to two different wave lengths or difference.Image etc. by use user's input (such as, user keys in its colour of skin), human face determines the colour of skin, and can then use the colour of skin to come calibration algorithm, light-source brightness, optical source wavelength and receptor gain subsequently.Also by the signal with known amplitude being sent to light source and then measuring the signal that receives from photoelectric detector to measure the colour of skin (and compactness of user's wearable device) to the impact of original PPG signal.This type of signal can send time cycle (so that via multiple expection heart beating capture data) of reaching prolongation and then be averaging to produce the steady statue data set not depending on heart rate.Can then by this amplitude compared with the class value be stored in table to determine that algorithm is calibrated, emitter amplitude and receptor gain.
The heart rate of heuristic is used to estimate to improve
After the initial estimation (such as, the peak counting estimated by power spectral density) obtaining heart rate, it can be used for applying boundary to the allowed speed of heart rate.Can for these boundaries of each user optimization, because each user will have unique heart rate overview.For example, its sitting heart rate can be estimated when each user maintains static, and lower limit when this can be used as user's walking.Similarly, as calculated from podometer 1/2nd of walk frequency can serve as expecting the good lower limit of heart rate.
Algorithm of heart rate can for each customization, and can learn the heart rate overview of user and be suitable for the behavior of user and/or characteristic to pass better expressively in time.For example, described algorithm can based on the historical data from user to the heart rate between given body active stage or walking rate setting boundary.This can provide better result when heart rate data is destroyed by noise and/or motion artifact.
HR quality metric
In another example embodiment, the signal quality metrics of heart rate/PPG signal can in order to provide the quantification of the accuracy/degree of accuracy of produced signal.Depend on this value of measuring, determine that the algorithm of the heart rate (or other PPG such as such as breathing derives tolerance) of user can take some action, comprise and allow user strain watchband, ignore some part of collected heart rate data (such as, there is the data segment of low quality metric), and some part of heart rate data is weighted (data such as, with better quality tolerance can give larger weight when calculating heart rate).
In one embodiment, can sending out signals quality metric as follows: draw scatter diagram, wherein x-axis is the time, and y-axis is the frequency of the peak value in the PPG signal of that given time.This strategy problem to be overcome is used to be may there is multiple and/or zero peak value at given time.Line of best fit is capture line sexual relationship in this scatter diagram.High-quality signal should have the one group of peak value being fitted to line (in short time span) well, and bad signal will have one group of peak value that can not be described well by line.Therefore, the good measure of the quality of PPG signal self is provided to the fit quality of line.
Sitting, sleep and activity classification tolerance
In another example embodiment, when device is determined user's sitting or be sleeping, biometric monitoring arrangement can use sensor to calculate changes in heart rate.Herein, biometric monitoring arrangement can higher rate sampling mode (relative to non-sitting cycle or the User Activity cycle exceeding predetermined threshold) operation sensor to calculate changes in heart rate.Biometric monitoring arrangement (or external device (ED)) can use changes in heart rate as the designator of health of heart or anxiety.
In fact, in certain embodiments, tensional level and/or the health of heart of user can be measured when user's sitting and/or sleeping (such as, as detected by biometric monitoring arrangement and/or determining) and/or determine to biometric monitoring arrangement.Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use instruction changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, skin temperature, body temperature and/or heart rate sensing data to determine the tensional level of user, health status (such as, the risk of fever or flu, outbreak, or progress), and/or health of heart.In this way, the treatment circuit of biometric monitoring arrangement can be determined and/or " baseline " tensional level of following the tracks of the user passed in time and/or the heart " health " passed in time.In another embodiment, described device can wherein user without motion, (or the motion of user is lower than predetermined threshold, such as when user be just seated, lie down, sleeping or be in Sleep stages (such as, deep sleep) time) one or more cycle during measure the physiological parameter of user.These data also can by biometric monitoring arrangement be used as nervous relevant parameter, health-related parameter (such as, the risk of fever or flu or outbreak), the response of health of heart, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest, skin temperature, body temperature and/or heart rate " baseline ".
Sleep watchdog
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can automatically detect or determine that user is just attempting to fall asleep, fall asleep, sleeping and/or wake up from sleep cycle.In this little embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use biosensor to obtain data, and the data processing circuit of biometric monitoring arrangement can make the heart rate of the sensor collection from biometric monitoring arrangement, changes in heart rate, breathing rate, skin pricktest respond, motion, skin temperature and/or temperature data combination relevant to detect or to determine whether user is just attempting to fall asleep, fall asleep, fall asleep and/or wake up from sleep cycle.Responsively, biometric monitoring arrangement such as can obtain physiological data (type as described herein and in mode as described herein) and/or determine the physiological condition (type as described herein and in mode as described herein) of user.For example, the minimizing of user movement or stopping in conjunction with the change of user's heart rate and/or changes in heart rate reduction can indicating user sleeping.Changes in heart rate and skin pricktest response follow-up change can then by biometric monitoring arrangement in order to determine the transformation of the sleep state of user between two or more Sleep stages (such as, changing more shallow and/or darker Sleep stages into).The change of the motion of user and/or the heart rate of rising and/or changes in heart rate can by biometric monitoring arrangement in order to determine that user wakes up.
In real time, window or batch processing can in order to determining waking, sleep and transformation between Sleep stages.For example, can time window (heart rate the beginning of described window raise and centre (and/or terminate) at described window time reduce) in measure the reduction of heart rate.Awakening is with Sleep stages can use motor message (such as, the exercise intensity of reduction) by hidden Markov model, heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin temperature, skin pricktest respond and/or the change of ambient light level is classified.Transition point is determined by changing some algorithm (such as, Bayes changes point analysis).In predetermined lasting time, reduce at least a certain threshold value by observing the heart rate of wherein user but be in user resting heart rate (its be such as observed user sleep time minimum heart rate) predetermined margin in cycle determine awaken and sleep between transformation.Similarly, by observe the heart rate of user increase to higher than the resting heart rate of user predetermined threshold on and determine to sleep and transformation between awakening.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be an assembly of the system for monitoring sleep, wherein said system comprises and is configured to communicate with biometric monitoring arrangement and is suitable for the auxiliary device (such as, alarm clock) that is placed near sleeper.In some embodiments, described auxiliary device has in order to by receiving biometric monitoring arrangement to carry out safekeeping, the shape of communication and/or charging and machinery and/or magnetic interfaces.But described auxiliary device also can be common to biometric monitoring arrangement, such as without particular design to be physically situated between the smart phone connect with biometric monitoring arrangement.Can via wired communication interface or via wireless communication interface and such as the agreement such as bluetooth (comprising such as bluetooth 4.0 and the low-yield agreement of bluetooth), RFID, NFC or WLAN to provide the communication between biometric monitoring arrangement and auxiliary device.Auxiliary device can comprise the sensor in order to assisting sleep supervision or environmental surveillance, such as measure ambient light, noise and/or sound (such as, to detect snoring), temperature, humidity and air quality (pollen, dust, CO
2, etc.) sensor.In one embodiment, auxiliary device can communicate with the external service of such as www.fitbit.com etc. or server (such as, personal computer).Can via wired (such as, Ethernet, USB) or wireless (such as, WLAN, bluetooth, RFID, NFC, honeycomb fashion) circuit and realize the communication with auxiliary device in order to transfer data to auxiliary device and/or to transmit the agreement of data from auxiliary device.Auxiliary device also can serve as in order to by data from such as www.fitbit.com or other service (such as, the data such as such as news, social networks renewal, Email, calendar notification) etc. external service or server (such as, personal computer, mobile phone, tablet PC) be sent to biometric monitoring arrangement and/or data be sent to the repeater of described external service or server from biometric monitoring arrangement.Can use the data from one or two device on one or two device or external service (such as, Cloud Server), perform the calculating of user's dormant data.
Auxiliary device can be equipped with display to show the data obtained by auxiliary device or the combination being sent to its data or the data from biometric monitoring arrangement, auxiliary device and/or external service by biometric monitoring arrangement, external service.For example, auxiliary device can show the data of the heart rate of indicating user, the total step number on the same day, activity and/or sleep realization of goal, the weather on the same day (measured by auxiliary device or reported for a position by external service) etc.In another example, auxiliary device can show the data relevant relative to the rank of other users with user, such as total all step numbers.In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can be equipped with the data that display is obtained by the combination in biometric monitoring arrangement, auxiliary device, external service or described three sources with display.First device is equipped with in the embodiment waking warning (such as, vibrating motor, speaker) up wherein, and auxiliary device can serve as spare alarm (such as, using audio tweeter).Auxiliary device also can have interface (such as, display and button or touch screen) to create, to delete, to revise or to enable the alarm on first and/or auxiliary device.
Sensor-based ready mode
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can automatically detect or determine whether it is attached to user, be placed in user and wears with it and/or by user.In response to detection or determine that biometric monitoring arrangement is not attached to user, is placed in user and wears with it and/or by user, biometric monitoring arrangement (or its selected portion) can be implemented or be placed in low-power operating mode, such as, optics heart rate sensor and/or circuit can be placed in lower-wattage or sleep pattern.For example, in one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise one or more photodetector (photodiode, optotransistor, etc.).If in given light intensity setting (such as, light relative to the light source by the part for biometric monitoring arrangement sends) under, one or more photodetector provides low inverse signal, and so data interpretation can be that indicating device is not worn by biometric monitoring arrangement.After this type of is determined, device can reduce its power consumption at once, such as by going back the operating condition of " stopping using " or adjustment anxiety and/or heart rate detection sensor and/or circuit (such as except other device circuit or display, by reduce light source and/or detector cycle of operation or inactive light source and/or detector, turn off device, display, and/or stop using or decling phase associated circuit or its part).In addition, biometric monitoring arrangement can periodically be determined (such as, once per second) whether nervous and/or heart rate detection sensor and/or associated circuits operating condition should be returned to normal operating condition (such as, light source, detector and/or associated circuits should turn back to normal manipulation mode for carrying out heart rate detection).In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can detect can after trigger event (such as, the motion of device detected (such as, data based on from one or more motion sensor) and/or detect via user interface user and input (such as, with biometric monitoring arrangement touch by, collide or stir mutual) after) at once recovers the operating condition of anxiety and/or heart rate detection sensor and/or associated circuits.In some related embodiment, object is saved for power, the default rate that its heart rate measurement is collected can be reduced to such as one-shot measurement per minute when User Activity degree is not high by biometric monitoring arrangement, and user can have and such as by promoting button, device is placed in the demand of pressing or produces the operator scheme measured with more rapid rate (such as, once per second).
Optical pickocff
In one embodiment, optical pickocff (source and/or detector) can be placed in the inside of biometric monitoring arrangement or skin side (that is, the side (hereinafter referred to " skin side ") of the contact of biometric monitoring arrangement, touching and/or user oriented skin).(see, such as, Fig. 2 A to 3C).In another embodiment, optical pickocff can be placed on one or more side of device, comprise skin side and device towards or be exposed to one or more side (ambient side) of surrounding.(see, such as, Fig. 6 A is to 7).
Fig. 6 A illustrates the example with the portable monitoring device of belt; Optical pickocff and optical transmitting set can be placed on described belt.Fig. 6 B illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement with display and wrist strap.In addition, optics PPG (such as, heart rate) detecting sensor and/or emitter can be positioned on the side of biometric monitoring arrangement.In one embodiment, these each can be arranged in Ce Mian An Installed formula button.
Fig. 7 describes the side that user presses portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement and carries out heart rate measurement with An Installed formula optics heart rate detection sensor from the side.The display of biometric monitoring arrangement can show heart rate heart rate and/or display user whether being detected.
It should be noted that the data of a little optical pickocff since then can represent physiological data and/or environmental data.In fact, in one embodiment, optical pickocff provides, obtain and/or detect the information of the multiple sides from biometric monitoring arrangement, and whether tube sensor is not placed on one or many person in described multiple side.For example, optical pickocff can obtain the data relevant with the environment light condition of environment.
When optical pickocff is settled or be arranged in the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement, in operation, light source in biometric monitoring arrangement can be luminous on the skin of user, and responsively, the photodetector sampling in biometric monitoring arrangement, acquisition and/or the correspondence reflection detected from skin (and from body interior) and/or the light that sends.One or more light source and photodetector can by strengthening or optimize signal to noise ratio and/or in order to reduce or to minimize the array of power consumption of described light source and photodetector or pattern is arranged.These optical pickocff samplings, acquisition and/or detection physiological data, described physiological data can then treated or analyze (such as, by resident treatment circuit) with obtain represent such as user heart rate, breathing, changes in heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO
2), the data of blood volume, blood glucose, skin moisture and/or cutaneous pigmentation level.
Light source can send the light of one or more wavelength of the type specific to or be directed to physiological data to be collected.Similarly, fluorescence detector sampling, measurement and/or detect also specific to or be directed to the type of physiological data to be collected and/or one or more wavelength of (user's) physiological parameter that is to be assessed or that determine.For example, in one embodiment, send the light source (such as, sending the LED of the light of the wavelength had corresponding to green light spectrum) of the light of the wavelength had in green light spectrum and can provide with sampling, the photodiode of measuring and/or detect light is corresponding therewith response or reflection through location can in order to determine or to detect the data of heart rate.By contrast, send the light source of the light of the wavelength had in red spectral (such as, send the LED of the light of the wavelength had corresponding to red spectral) and send the wavelength had in infrared spectrum light light source (such as, sending the LED of the light of the wavelength had corresponding to IR spectrum) and can provide with sampling, the photodiode of response or reflection of measuring and/or detect this light through location can in order to determine or to detect SpO
2data.
In fact, in certain embodiments, color or the wavelength of the light sent by light source (such as LED (or one group of LED)) can correct, adjustment and/or controls according to the predefined type of obtained physiological data or operating condition.Herein, the wavelength of light that sent by light source of adjustable and/or control is to optimize and/or to strengthen " quality " of the physiological data being obtained by detector and/or sample.For example, when the skin temperature of user or ambient temperature lower time, the color of the light sent by LED can be switched to green from infrared ray to strengthen the signal corresponding to cardiomotility.(see, such as Figure 11 D).
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise in shell window (such as, in order to temporarily examine, opaque window) to promote the light emission between optical pickocff and user.Herein, described window can be permitted on skin that light (such as, having selected wavelength) is issued to user by such as one or more LED and to be permitted the response of light or reflection via described window to back through to be undertaken sampling, measure and/or detecting by such as one or more photodiode.In one embodiment, the circuit relevant with sending and receive light can be placed in crust of the device inside and plastics or glassy layer (such as, being coated with infrared ray ink) or infrared lenses or wave filter (its permit infrared light by but the light disapproved in people's vision spectrum pass through) below or rear.In this way, the Transmission light of described window can not by human eye finding.
Biometric monitoring arrangement can use light pipe or other translucent construction to promote that light is transmitted into health and the skin of user from light source.(see, such as, Fig. 4 A is to 5).Thus, in certain embodiments, light can through a little light pipe thus or other translucent construction skin from light source oriented users.Scattered light from user's body can via identical or similar structures to the optical circuit returned in guiding biometric monitoring arrangement.In fact, the material that described translucent construction can use promotion low light to lose and/or optical design are (such as, translucent construction can comprise the lens promoting that light is collected, and the part usable reflectance material of translucent construction is coated with or is adjacent to reflecting material to promote the internal reflection of light in translucent construction), improve the signal to noise ratio of photodetector thus and/or promote to reduce the power consumption of light source and/or photodetector.In certain embodiments, light pipe or other translucent construction can comprise the material optionally launching the light (emission effciency is higher than the emission effciency of the light with other wavelength) with one or more specific or predetermined wavelength, serve as band filter thus.This quasi-belt ventilating filter can through tuning with the signal improving specific physiological data type.For example, in one embodiment, in-mold label or " IML " translucent construction can be implemented, wherein said translucent construction uses the material with predetermined or required optical characteristics to create specific bandpass characteristic, so that such as make infrared light by efficiency higher than the light (such as, there is the light of the wavelength in people's visible spectrum) with other wavelength.In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use the translucent construction with optics opaque section (comprising some optical characteristics) and optical clear part (comprising the optical characteristics being different from optics opaque section).This type of translucent construction can provide via double injection or two step molding process, wherein optics opaque material and optically transparent material is injected into individually in mould.The biometric monitoring arrangement implementing this type of translucent construction can be depending on through the light direct of travel of translucent construction and comprises different optical transmission characteristics for different wave length.For example, in one embodiment, optics opaque material can reflect particular range of wavelengths more efficiently light is got back to photodetector (it can have the different wave length of the wavelength relative to sent light) from the health transmitting of user.
In another embodiment, catoptric arrangement can be placed in the visual field of optical transmitting set and/or photodetector.For example, the side with the skin that light is directed to user from optical transmitting set and/or the hole (or via perform this by way of the translucent construction of advancing) being directed to photodetector from the skin of user can cover in reflecting material (such as, chromium plating) to promote Transmission light.Reflecting material can increase then gets back to the efficiency of detector by light from light sources transmit to skin from skin transport.Available optical epoxy resin or other transparent material are filled reflexive coating hole and are still allowed with low transmission loss transillumination to prevent liquid access to plant main body simultaneously.
At enforcement translucent construction (such as, via IML create or formed structure) another embodiment in, this a little translucent construction can comprise the mask be made up of opaque material, and described opaque material limits one, the aperture of some or all of light source and/or detector.In this way, translucent construction optionally " define " by light emission to or detect the preferred volume of user's body of light from it.It should be noted that and can use in conjunction with the concept described herein and/or illustrate or implement other mask configuration; Set falling within the scope of the present invention is configured in order to such as to improve photoelectricity volume diagram signal and to cover in conjunction with all this that concept that is described herein and/or that illustrate is implemented.
In another embodiment, optical transmitting set and/or detector can be configured to via the hole in device outside or a series of holes utilizing emitted light.Available light transmitting epoxy resin (such as optical resin) fills this hole or this series of apertures.Epoxy resin can form light-guiding pillar, and it allows light to be transmitted into skin from optical transmitting set and to launch from skin and gets back to photodetector.This technology also has the following advantages: epoxy resin can form waterproof sealing, thus anti-sealing, perspiration or other liquid are by the hole access to plant main body on device outside, described hole allows optical transmitting set and detector that light emission is received light to biometric monitoring arrangement body exterior and from biometric monitoring arrangement body exterior.The epoxy resin with high heat conductance can in order to help prevent light source (such as, LED) overheated.
In any one in translucent construction as herein described, the exposed surface of optics (translucent construction) or apparatus main body can comprise hard japanning, hard dip-coating thing or optical coating (such as antireflection, anti-scratch, antifog and/or wavelength band stop (such as ultraviolet light stop) coating).This little characteristic or material can improve the operation of biometric monitoring arrangement, accuracy and/or durability.
Fig. 4 A illustrates the example of a potential PPG light source and photoelectric detector geometry.In this embodiment, two light sources are placed on arbitrary side of photoelectric detector.These three devices are arranged in the projection on the back side of wristband type biometric monitoring arrangement (the user oriented skin in its side).
Fig. 4 B and 4C illustrates the example with the PPG sensor of photoelectric detector and two LED light sources.These assemblies are positioned in the bossed biometric monitoring arrangement of tool on dorsal part.Light-pipe optics connects the surface of LED and photoelectric detector and user's skin.Side under the skin, from the light of light source from the blood scattering health, wherein some can scattering or reflect back in photoelectric detector.
Fig. 5 illustrates the example having and gather around the bossed biometric monitoring arrangement through optimizing PPG detector, and described projection has curved side in order to avoid make user not feel well.In addition, the surface of photoelectric detector and LED light being coupled to the light pipe of the skin of wearer is wavy to maximize LED and the luminous flux between photoelectric detector with light pipe is coupled.The end of the user oriented skin of light pipe is also wavy.This profile can make light focus on or defocus to optimize PPG signal.For example, described profile can make light emittedly to focus on a certain degree of depth and position that meet the region that blood flow may occur.The summit of these focuses can overlap or very close to make photoelectric detector receive the scattered light of maximum possible.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise concave surface or convex shape (such as lens) in the skin side of device, focuses on to make light and increases efficiency light being collected photoelectric detector from described point towards the designated volume at the certain depth place in skin.(see, such as, Fig. 4 A is to 5).When this type of biometric monitoring arrangement also uses light pipe with optionally and controllably route light, carry out moulding to the end of light-guiding pillar and make it have cylindricity to a certain degree (such as, nominally the end of light-guiding pillar can be the cylindrical surface (or its part) defined by the cylinder axis being parallel to skin side) can be favourable (such as, substituting the lens using axially symmetry).For example, in wrist carried biometric monitoring arrangement, nominally this type of cylindrical lens can make cylinder axis be parallel to the forearm of wearer through orientation, this measure can have restriction and to enter the amount of this lens-like light from the direction of the forearm being parallel to people and increase the effect of the amount entering this lens-like light from the direction of the forearm perpendicular to people, because with the direction of being covered by bandage (namely, forearm perpendicular to user) compare, surround lighting more never may be arrived sensor surveyed area by the direction (namely along the forearm axis of user) that the bandage of biometric monitoring arrangement covers, light is reduced from the emitter efficiency be sent to user's skin or wherein " spuious " light that to be detected by photoelectric detector or collect simultaneously by increasing and improves signal to noise ratio by this type of configuration.In this way, the signal being sampled by photoelectric detector, measure and/or detect is made up of less veiling glare and more user's skin/health response (representing the signal to light emitted response or data) light emitted to this.
In another embodiment, light transmitting epoxy resin can be molded as concave surface or convex shape so that also for sensor provides useful optical characteristics.For example, during coating light transmitting epoxy resin, translucent construction more effectively can be coupled to through being shaped as concave surface to make light in the top of the translucent construction formed by described epoxy resin.
In one embodiment, the assembly of optical pickocff can be positioned in the skin side of device, and through arranging or locating with the distance reduced or minimize (i) light source and/or be associated between detector and (ii) user skin.See such as Fig. 3 A, it provides the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of example portable monitoring device.In figure 3 a, two light sources (such as, LED) be placed on photoelectric detector arbitrary side on to realize PPG sensing.Light-locking material is placed between light source and photoelectric detector and does not first exit the main body of biometric monitoring arrangement to prevent any light from light source from arriving photoelectric detector.To form sealing in the lower surface that flexible transparent layer can be placed on sensor projection.This clear layer can serve other function, such as, prevent liquid at the position access to plant placing light source or photoelectric detector.This clear layer can be formed via in-mold label or " IML ".Light source and photoelectric detector can be placed on flexible PCB.
This type of configuration can improve the luminous flux coupling efficiency between the assembly of optical pickocff and user's body.For example, in one embodiment, light source and/or the detector that is associated can be placed in flexibility or flexible substrate, described flexibility or flexible substrate deflection, thus allow the skin side (it can be made up of conforming materials) of biometric monitoring arrangement to meet (such as, without the need to extra process) or can through moulding (or compliance) with the body part meeting biometric monitoring arrangement and be coupled in the normal operation period or be attached to (such as, the hands wrist of user, hands arm, ankle and/or lower limb) shape, with make light source and/or be associated detector close to user skin (namely, almost gapless between the skin side and the neighbouring surface of user's skin of device).See such as Fig. 6 A.In one embodiment, light source and/or the detector that is associated can be placed on flat flexible cable (FlatFlexCable) or " FFC " or flexible PCB.In this embodiment, flexible or flexible substrate (such as, FFC or flexible PCB) can be connected in device on it to be mounted with second substrate (such as, PCB) of other assembly (such as, data processing circuit).The optical module Ke An Installed of differing heights to flexible substrate difference " finger " and through pressing or be fastened to case surface, optical module is flushed with case surface.In one embodiment, the second substrate can be relatively without flexible or inflexibility substrate, is fixed in device, it is mounted with other circuit and assembly (passive and/or active).
Fig. 3 B describes the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of example portable monitoring device; This projection is similar to the projection presented in Fig. 3 A, and just light source and photoelectric detector are placed on the PCB of smooth and/or hard.Fig. 3 C provides another cross-sectional view of example PPG Sensor Implementation.It should be noted that in this PPG sensor there is no projection.In addition, liquid gasket and/or used in pressure sensitive adhesive enter biometric monitoring arrangement main body to prevent liquid.
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can be suitable for wearing or being carried on user's body.In some embodiments comprising optics heart rate monitor, device can be the such as wrist wearing type such as wrist-watch or bracelet or arm installing type ornament.(see, such as, Fig. 2 A is to 7).In one embodiment, in the inside that the optical element of optics heart rate monitor can be positioned at biometric monitoring arrangement or skin side, such as when biometric monitoring arrangement is worn in wrist towards the top (that is, optics heart rate monitor can be adjacent to and towards wrist) of wrist.(see, such as, Fig. 2 A to 3C).
In another embodiment, optics heart rate monitor can be positioned at the outside or ambient side of one or more of biometric monitoring arrangement on the surface.(see, such as, Fig. 6 B and 7).In this little embodiment, user can touch optical window (optical element of optics heart rate monitor is positioned at its rear) with the finger of phase backhand such as, with initial heart rate measurement (and/or other relevant with heart rate is measured, changes in heart rate) and/or collection can in order to determine the data of the heart rate (and/or other tolerance relevant with heart rate) of user.(see, such as, Fig. 6 B).In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement declines and triggering or initial measurement, such as, when the finger of user is placed on optical window by (suddenly) of the incident illumination in sense photodiode.Additionally or alternati, can by triggering heart rate measurement (or other this type of measure) based on ultrared proximity detector and/or capacitor-type touch/proximity detector (it can separate with other detector).This kind to can be placed in optical window based on ultrared proximity detector and/or capacitor-type touch/proximity detector or on it and/or functionally, electricity and/or be physically coupled to optical window to detect or to determine the existence of such as user's finger.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise button, and described button triggers when being pressed or initial heart rate measurement (and/or other tolerance relevant with heart rate).Described button can be placed in extremely to sentence close to optical window and facilitates user to press button when finger is placed on optical window.(see, such as, Fig. 7).In one embodiment, optical window can be embedded in and promote in button.Thus, when a user presses a button, it can trigger the measurement to the finger pressed the button.In fact, can give certain shape of button and/or press pressure resistance, its pressure distribution strengthening or optimize button opposing finger to provide high s/n ratio during measurement or data acquisition.In other embodiments (undeclared), biometric monitoring arrangement can be intermediate plate, smooth object, suspension member, ankletbangle, band etc. be suitable for being worn on health, clip to Huo An Installed to dress, to leave in clothes (such as, in pocket) or the form that leaves in ornament (such as, handbag).
In a particular embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise projection in the skin side of device or inner side.(see, Fig. 2 A to 6A).When being coupled to user, the comparable peripheral devices main body of described projection is with engaging skin more energetically.In this embodiment, optical window or translucent construction (all discussing in detail above both it) can form a part for projection or be incorporated in projection.The optical transmitting set of optical pickocff and/or detector can be settled or be arranged in projection near window or translucent construction.(see, such as, Fig. 2 B and 6A).Thus, when being attached to the health of user, the comparable peripheral devices main body of window part of the projection of biometric monitoring arrangement uses the skin of engaging user more energetically, is coupled thus at the skin of user with providing more firmly physics (and optics) between optical window.Namely, described projection can cause durable contact between biometric monitoring arrangement and the skin of user, it can reduce the amount of the veiling glare measured by photoelectric detector, the relative motion between reduction biometric monitoring arrangement and user, and/or provides the local pressure of the improvement to user's skin; All these can improve the quality of paid close attention to heart signal.It should be noted that described projection can containing other sensor benefited from the close proximity of user's skin and/or rigid contact.These sensors can except heart rate sensor or alternative heart rate sensor and being included, and comprise such as skin temperature transducer (such as, utilize join the optical window of the outer surface of projection or the contactless thermoelectric pile of thermal resistor to by hot epoxy resin), pulse oximeter, pressure transducer, EMG or skin pricktest response (GSR) sensor sensor.
Additionally or alternati, a part for the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise friction enhancing mechanism or material.For example, the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise multiple raised or sunken district or part (such as, small lugs, oncus, groove and/or pit).In addition, friction enhancing material (such as, such as siloxanes isogel sample material or other elastomeric material) can be placed in skin side.In fact, the device back side of being made up of gel also can provide friction, also improves users'comfort and prevents veiling glare from entering simultaneously.As noted above, friction strengthens mechanism or material can use individually or in conjunction with the bossed biometric monitoring arrangement of tool as described herein.Thus, biometric monitoring arrangement can in the jut of device or on comprise multiple raised or sunken district or part (such as, small lugs, oncus, groove and/or pit).In fact, this district raised or sunken a bit or part can be incorporated to/to be embedded in the window part of projection or on.Additionally or alternati, jut can such as, be made up of friction enhancing material (such as, siloxanes isogel sample material) or be coated with by described friction enhancing material.It should be noted that, the use of projection and/or friction by reduce biometric monitoring arrangement (and thus sensor) in operation (when especially user moves) relative to the skin of user motion and improve the accuracy of measurement of the data acquisition corresponding to some parameter (such as, heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, skin temperature, dye, heat flux, blood pressure, blood glucose etc.).
Some or all of the inside of biometric monitoring arrangement or skin side shell also can be made up of metal material (such as, steel, rustless steel, aluminum, magnesium or titanium).This type of configuration can provide structural rigidity.(see, such as, Fig. 2 B).In this type of embodiment, apparatus main body can through design to be low irritability by using low irritability " without nickel " rustless steel.It should be noted that use (at least in some position) at least slightly can be favourable containing the metal (such as, being ferrous rustless steel grade) of certain type ferrous.In this little embodiment, (wherein it comprises rechargeable energy source (such as to biometric monitoring arrangement, rechargeable battery)) can interconnect via adapter and charger, described adapter uses the magnet that is coupled to ferrous iron material and by itself tight to biometric monitoring arrangement.In addition, biometric monitoring arrangement also can use this magnetic properties engaged with base or docking station to promote data transmission.In addition, this type of shell can provide reinforced electric magnetic shield, and it will strengthen integrity and the reliability of optics heart rate sensor and heart rate data acquisition process/operation.In addition, skin temperature transducer such as can be thermally coupled to metal master with the temperature of sensing user by hot epoxy resin physical coupling.In the embodiment comprising projection, sensor can be positioned near projection or in projection with the thermal coupling of the rigid contact and localization that are provided to user's skin.
In a preferred embodiment, one or more assembly of optical pickocff (in one embodiment, it can be arranged in projection, and/or in another embodiment, it can flush with the surface of biometric monitoring arrangement with settling or place) seal (that is, preventing liquid from entering method/mechanism in the main body of biometric monitoring arrangement) via no leakage and be attached, fix, comprise and/or be fastened to biometric monitoring arrangement.Such as, in one embodiment, the device back side of being made up of metal (such as but not limited to rustless steel, aluminum, magnesium or titanium) or rigid plastics can provide enough hard with the structure of the water-tight sealing of the structural intergrity simultaneous adaptation sensor package of holdout device.(see, such as, Fig. 2 B to 3C).
In a preferred embodiment, the encapsulation of optical pickocff or module are connected to device by pressure sensitive adhesive and liquid gasket.See such as Fig. 3 C, it provides another cross-sectional view of PPG Sensor Implementation.It should be noted that in this PPG sensor there is no projection.In addition, liquid gasket and/or used in pressure sensitive adhesive are to prevent liquid access to plant main body.For example, if in optical sensor package/need firmer or more durable connection between module and apparatus main body, so also screw, rivet etc. can be used.It should be noted that the present embodiment also can use the marine glues such as such as GORE-TEX (Gore-Tex), o ring, sealant, oils and fats or epoxy resin, hydrophobic diaphragm by fastening for optical sensor package/module or be attached to biometric monitoring arrangement main body.
As discussed above, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise the material comprising high reflectance characteristic be placed on skin side or inner side, such as through polishing stainless steel, reflexive paint and through polishing plastic.In this way, skin can be reflected back into such as to improve the signal to noise ratio of optics heart rate sensor from the light of the skin side scattering of device.In fact, compared with the apparatus main body back side of nonreflective (or less reflexive), this increases input optical signal effectively.It should be noted that, in one embodiment, the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement or the color of inner side can through selecting to provide some optical characteristics (such as, reflecting light that is specific or predetermined wavelength), to improve the signal about some physiological data type.For example, when the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement or inner side are green, are attributable to the preferred emission of the light of the wavelength corresponding to green light spectrum and strengthen the measurement of heart rate.When the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement or inner side are red, are attributable to the preferred emission of the light of the wavelength corresponding to red spectral and strengthen SpO
2measurement.In one embodiment, can revise, adjust and/or control the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement or the color of inner side according to the predefined type of obtained physiological data.
Figure 11 A describes the example schematic block diagram of optics heart rate sensor, wherein light sends from light source towards the skin of user, and this light is sensed from the reflection of the skin/body interior of user by photodetector, the signal from photodetector passes through A/D converter (ADC) digitized subsequently.The intensity (such as, via intensity of light source control module) of light source can be revised to maintain desirable reflected signal strength.For example, the intensity of light source can be reduced to avoid the output signal from photodetector saturated.As another example, the intensity of light source can be increased the output signal from photodetector to be maintained within the scope of required output valve.It should be noted that, the ACTIVE CONTROL of system can via linear or nonlinear control method (such as, proportional-integral-differential (PID) control, fixed step size control, predictability control, neutral net, delayed, etc.) realize, and also can use from device other sensor derive information (such as move, skin pricktest response, etc.).There is provided Figure 11 A for illustration of but not the embodiment of this little system be limited to the ADC that is such as integrated in MCU or use MCU in this respect.Other embodiment may comprise use one or more inner or outside ADC, FPGA, ASIC, etc.
In another embodiment, the use that the system with optics heart rate sensor can be incorporated to sampling and holding circuit (or equivalent) with turn off or decay light source to save power time maintenance photodetector output.In the vital embodiment of relative changes (such as, heart rate measurement) that photodetector exports wherein, sampling and holding circuit can maintain accurately copying of the output of photodetector.In some cases, sampling and maintenance can be simplified as such as diode (such as, Schottky diode) and capacitor.The output of sampling and holding circuit can present to analogue signal regulating circuit (such as, sarin-Ji (Sallen-Key) band filter, level shifter, and/or gain circuitry) with regulate and amplify the signal in concern frequency band (such as, for heart or respiratory function, 0.1Hz to 10Hz), it can then by ADC digital.See such as Figure 11 B.
In operation, such as those have removed DC and the low frequency component of signal at the circuit topology of circuit topology as herein described (such as sampling and holding circuit), and help resolve with heart rate and/or breathe relevant AC component.Embodiment also can comprise the analogue signal regulating circuit for variable gain setting, and it can through controlling to provide suitable signal (such as, unsaturated).The Performance Characteristics (such as, the climb rate and/or gain band width product) of light source, photodetector and/or sampling and maintenance and power consumption can be significantly higher than analogue signal regulating circuit to realize the rapid operation circulation of light source.In certain embodiments, the power being supplied to light source and photodetector can control with the power being supplied to analogue signal regulating circuit to provide excess power to save individually.Alternatively or in addition, circuit can use and such as enable, to stop using and/or the functional power that realizes such as shutdown is saved.In another embodiment, the output of photodetector and/or sampling and holding circuit can except analogue signal regulating circuit or alternative analogue signal regulating circuit and carry out sampling to control the physiological parameter (such as, when analogue signal regulating circuit is not yet stablized after changing light intensity and setting) that the light intensity of light source or measurement pay close attention to by ADC.It should be noted that therefore in certain embodiments, the reference voltage of adjustable ADC and/or gain are with enhancing signal quality and/or can carry out sampling to ADC because the physiological signal paid close attention to is usually little relative to the intrinsic resolution of ADC.In another embodiment, device is by such as crossing the reference voltage and/or gain that sample, adjust ADC or the output using high resolution A/D C and numeric only sampling and holding circuit.See such as Figure 11 C.
PPGDC removes technology
In another embodiment, sensor device can be incorporated to difference amplifier to amplify the relative changes of the output of photodetector.See such as Figure 11 F.In certain embodiments, digital averaging or digital low-pass filtering signal can be deducted from the output of photodetector.This can then be exaggerated through amendment signal, and it is by ADC digital subsequently.In another embodiment, the average or analogue low pass filtering signal of simulation can be deducted via such as using sampling and holding circuit and analogue signal regulating circuit from the output of photodetector.The power being supplied to light source, photodetector and difference amplifier can control to improve power individually and save with the power being supplied to analogue signal regulating circuit.
In another embodiment, a signal (voltage or electric current can be deducted from original PPG signal, depend on particular sensor embodiment) any biased with what remove in original PPG signal, and therefore increase the gain of such as, PPG signal containing heart rate (or other loop parameter, changes in heart rate) information or amplify described PPG signal.This signal can be set to default value in the factory, is set to a value based on the particular skin reflexive of user, absorption and/or color, and/or can be depending on from ambient light sensor feedback or depend on the analysis of PPG signal self and change.For example, if determine that PPG signal has large DC and offsets, so can deduct constant voltage to remove DC skew and to realize larger gain from PPG signal, therefore improve PPG signal quality.In this example, DC skew can result from from PPG light source and arrive the surround lighting (such as, from the sun or from room lighting) of photoelectric detector or the light from PPG source reflection.
In another embodiment, difference amplifier can in order to measure difference between current and previous sample but not the value of each signal.Because the value of each sample is usually much bigger than the difference between each sample, measures so larger gain can be applied to each, therefore improve PPG signal quality.Then described signal can be integrated to obtain original time domain signal.
In another embodiment, optical detector module can be incorporated to the transimpedance amplifier level with variable gain.This type of configuration can be avoided or minimize because of bright surround lighting and/or the bright light of launching from light source saturated.For example, the gain of transimpedance amplifier automatically reduces by the rheostat in the negative feedback paths of transimpedance amplifier and/or one group of multiplexed resistor.In certain embodiments, device is by carrying out Modulation and Amplitude Modulation to the intensity of light source and the few optics shielding then carrying out demodulation (such as, synchronous detecting) to the output of photodetector and be incorporated to from surround lighting.See such as Figure 11 E.In other side, if surround lighting has enough brightness to obtain heart rate signal, so light source can reduce brightness and/or turn off completely.
In another embodiment, use aforementioned processing technology with the physiological parameter of optical measurement user capable of being combinedly.See such as Figure 11 G.This topology can allow system with low-power measurement state and circuit topology (at where applicable) operation and optionally be suitable for higher-wattage measuring state and circuit topology.For example, system can user maintain static or sitting time the physiological parameter that uses analogue signal regulating circuit to measure to pay close attention to (such as, heart rate) to reduce power consumption, but the sampling type of crossing be directly switch to when User Activity photodetector exports samples.
Biometric monitoring arrangement comprises in the embodiment of heart rate monitor wherein, and processing signals can comprise filtering and/or Signal Regulation to obtain heart rate measurement, such as bandpass filtering (such as, Butterworth (Butterworth) filtering).For large transition contingent in offseting signal and/or the convergence improving described filtering, the such as nonlinear method such as neutral net or climb rate restriction can be used.Data (such as motion, skin pricktest response, skin temperature etc.) from the sensor on device can in order to adjust the Signal Regulation method used.Under specified operating conditions, by count the number of the signal peak in time window or by utilizing the fundamental frequency of signal or second harmonic (such as, via fast fourier transform (FFT)) and measuring the heart rate of user.In other cases, the heart rate data such as obtained when user movement, can perform FFT to extracted signal and spectrum peak, it can then be processed by multiple target tracking device (it, continue, merge and delete the tracking to described frequency spectrum) subsequently.In certain embodiments, one group of similar operations can be performed to motor message, and export and can differentiate in order to carry out activity (such as, sitting, walking, running, sleep, lie down, be seated, by bike, typewriting, elliptical exercise, body weight train), it is in order to auxiliary multiple target tracking device.For example, may determine that user maintains static and started mobile.This Information Availability is partial to increase frequency preferentially to make tracking continuation part.Similarly, movable descriminator can determine that user has stopped running or just more slowly running, and this Information Availability is partial to reduce frequency preferentially to make tracking continuation part.Available single sweep or many scanning multiple target tracking device topological realization are followed the tracks of, such as JPDA tracker, multiple hypotheis tracking, immediate neighbor, etc.Estimation in tracker and prediction can be completed via Kalman filter, spline regression, particle filter, Interacting Multiple Model Algorithm etc.Follow the tracks of selector module can use from the output trajectory of multiple spectra tracker and the heart rate of estimating user.Described estimation can be taken as maximum likelihood track, track contrast its be the weighted sum etc. of the probability of heart rate.In addition, movable descriminator can affect the selection and/or fusion that obtain heart rate estimation.For example, if user sleeps, is seated, lies down or sitting, so prior probability may be partial to the heart rate in 40 to 80bpm scopes; And if user runs, jogs or carry out other strenuous exercise, so prior probability may be partial to the heart rate of the rising in 90 to 180bpm scopes.The impact of movable descriminator can based on the speed of user.When user does not move, estimate the fundamental frequency (or being obtained by it completely) can shifting to signal.The criterion that can change based on indicative of active selects the track corresponding to user's heart rate; For example, if user walks from maintaining static, so can illustrate towards the track of the skew of upper frequency by prioritizing selection.
The acquisition of good heart rate signal can be indicated to user via biometric monitoring arrangement or with the display that biometric monitoring arrangement carries out on another device (such as, being equipped with the low-energy mobile phone of bluetooth) of wired or wireless communication.In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise S meter, and it is represented by the pulse of the LED that can be inspected by user.Pulse can through timing or relevant with consistent with the heart beating of user.The intensity of LED, pulse rates and/or color can through amendment or adjustment to imply signal intensity.For example, comparatively bright LED intensity can represent stronger signal or be in RGBLED configuration, and green LED can represent stronger signal.
In certain embodiments, the intensity of heart rate signal is determined by the energy (such as, quadratic sum) of signal in the frequency band of such as 0.5Hz to 4Hz.In other embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can have can be incorporated to or construction to the strain gauge in shell and/or belt, pressure transducer, force transducer, or other contact indication sensor (be attached to belt (as wrist-watch, bracelet and/or arm straps) at biometric monitoring arrangement or pacify in those embodiments of Installed with belt (it then can be fastened to user)).Can individually based on from these touch sensors data or combine carry out compute signal quality metrics (such as, heart rate signal quality) from the data of heart rate signal.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can monitor heart rate to be optically via photodetector array (grid of such as photodiode or CCD camera).Can via to the signature tracking of skin and/or use acceleration to take into account gyrostatic adaptive motion to correct and follow the tracks of the motion of Optical devices relative to skin.Detector array can offset little distance with contact skin or from skin.(such as, passing through motor) detector array and associated optics thereof can be controlled on one's own initiative to maintain the stabilized image of target and to obtain heart rate signal.Can use and realize this optical-mechanical stabilisation from the information of motion sensor (such as, gyroscope) or characteristics of image.In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use and illuminate the relevant of skin or incoherent light source and photodetector array (wherein each photoelectric detector (thus obtains so-called spot pattern with for comparing intensity between adjacent detector, it can use multiple image trace technology to be followed the tracks of, such as light stream, template matching, Edge track etc.) comparator be associated) implement relative motion eliminate.In this embodiment, the light source for optics heart rate monitor can be different from for the light source of motion tracking.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can be made up of multiple photoelectric detectors of the surface distributed along device (being also called " photodetector ") and luminous organ (photoemitter) (being also called " optical transmitting set "), the skin (that is, the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement) of described device touching user.(see, such as, Fig. 2 A to 6A).For example, in the example of bracelet, the multiple photoelectric detector and luminous organ that are placed on along each site of belt internal circumference can be there is.(see, such as, Fig. 6 A).The heart rate signal quality metric be associated with each site can as calculated with the best site of the best or a group determining estimating user heart rate.Subsequently, some in described site can be stopped using or turn off such as to reduce power consumption.Device periodically can check that the heart rate signal quality at some or all places in described site is to strengthen, to monitor and/or to optimize signal and/or power efficiency.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise heart rate monitor system, it comprises such as optics, acoustics, pressure, electricity (such as, ECG or EKG) and multiple sensor such as motion, and merge from both or both the above information in these sensors to provide the estimation of heart rate and/or to alleviate by the noise of exercise induced.
Except heart rate monitor (or other biometric monitor) or alternative heart rate monitor (or other biometric monitors), in certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical pickocff expose to follow the tracks of or to detect ultraviolet light based on optical condition, all time of exposing of outdoor optical and persistent period, the type of light source and the persistent period of light source and intensity (fluorescent light exposes, incandescent light exposes, halogen, etc.), to the exposure (based on light type and blink speed) of TV, user in indoor still in outdoor, time of day and position.In one embodiment, the reverse bias LED emitter that ultraviolet light detecting sensor can be photodetector by driving forms.For example, the electric capacity (or alternatively, parallel capacitance) that the feature of photoelectric current that detector produces thus can be to measure LED discharges the time spent.
The all optical pickocffs discussed herein can use in conjunction with other sensor with the detection improving data as described above or the detection in order to the physiology or environmental data of strengthening other type.
When biometric monitoring arrangement comprises audio frequency or passive acoustic sensor, device can contain one or more passive acoustic sensor, and it detects sound and pressure and can including but not limited to mike, piezoelectric film etc.Acoustic sensor can be placed on one or more side of device, comprise touching or towards the side (skin side) of skin and the side (ambient side) of Environment Oriented.
Skin side acoustics or audio sensor can detect the sound of any type sent via health, and this little sensor can by the noise optimizing this little sensor when array of both power consumptions or pattern and arrange.These sensors can detect breathing (such as, by listening attentively to lung), Breathiness (such as, breathe, snore) and problem is (such as, sleep apnea, etc.), heart rate (listening attentively to heart beating), user voice (sound via sending from vocal cords through health).
Biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also can comprise skin pricktest response (GSR) circuit with the response of the skin measuring user to emotion and physical stimulation or physiological change (such as, the transformation of Sleep stages).In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be wrist or hands Bei An Installed formula device, and it is incorporated to the belt be made up of conductive rubber or fabric and can be hidden in belt to make skin pricktest respond electrode.Because skin pricktest response circuit may stand changing temperature and environmental condition, so it also can comprise the circuit realizing automatic calibration, such as or two or more changeable reference resistor of connect in parallel with application on human skin/electrode path, its permission to the real-time measurement of known resistance device to characterize the response of skin pricktest response circuit.Reference resistor can connect and disconnect to make side by side to measure it independently and/or with the resistance of application on human skin in measuring route.
For performing the circuit of PPG
Can be desirable as such as this little monitoring arrangement as described above has the ability measuring user's heart rate.For example, this little monitoring arrangement can comprise the heart rate detection sensor package comprising one or more optical transmitting set and one or more photodetector.But, in portable monitoring device, comprise the encapsulation of this type of heart rate sensor propose some challenges.For example, the light detected by photodetector can comprise undesirable ambient light component.In addition, environment light condition can move or change orientation (such as, hands or health) or passes change in time along with outside illumination condition (such as, daylight or interior lighting) and change along with user.This context components can cause the undesirable saturated of the various assemblies in device or cause inaccurate or insecure heart rate data.
Various embodiment relates to can sense and follow the tracks of the heart rate of user and the portable monitoring device of related data.In some embodiments, described portable monitoring device can also monitor or pursuit movement, movement or activity, and related data.Thus, portable monitoring device can comprise one or more sensor for following the tracks of heart rate data (being also commonly referred to " biometric data ") herein, for following the tracks of one or more sensor and in some embodiments of mobile or movable (being also commonly referred to " mobile data ") herein, for detecting one or more other sensor of other biometric data, physiological data, environmental data or related data (being also referred to as " activity data ") herein.In addition, term " detection ", " sensing ", " supervision ", " tracking ", " record " and " storage " use in this article in appropriate circumstances interchangeably, except as otherwise noted.
In specific embodiments, portable monitoring device comprises sensor package (as such as with reference to described by figure 2B to 3C), described sensor package comprises one or more optical sensor (be also called " optical pickocff ", " photodetector ", " fluorescence detector " in this article, or " photoelectric detector ").As described below, one or more optical sensor can in order to detect the heart rate of user.For example, sensor package also can comprise one or more optical transmitting set (such as, photodiode) be issued to by incident optical signal on user's skin surface.Some in this incident optical signal can by skin (and in some embodiments, more particularly, one or more tremulous pulse by user's skin surtace) reflection, refraction or otherwise scattering.Scattered light signal can then by one or more light sensors of sensor package.In some these type of embodiments, sensor package serves as photoelectricity volume diagram (PPG), and thus, scattered light signal also can be described as PPG signal in this article.Institute's sensed light signal or otherwise can process to obtain heart rate data through sampling, filtering, analysis, comprises the heart rate of user, changes in heart rate, or heart rate recovers.For example, Figure 17 shows the example of light emission drive circuit 1740, and Figure 18 and 19 shows the example of the optical detection circuit 1860 and 1960 that can be combined with the photodetector of portable monitoring device and optical transmitting set.In some embodiments, processing unit as described above can perform the scattered signal being sampled by the optical detection circuit 1860 and 1960 such as shown with reference to Figure 18 and 19 and describe and processed and process in addition.In addition, in some embodiments, these or other optical sensor in sensor package or another sensor package also can be configured to detect can in order to determine blood pressure, blood sugar level, the blood oxygen saturation (SpO of such as user
2), breathe, the biometric data of skin moisture and cutaneous pigmentation level.
As shown in figs. 2 b and 2 c, in some embodiments, sensor package is positioned in the inside of portable monitoring device or skin side (such as, the side (hereinafter claiming " skin side ") of the surface contact of device, touching or user oriented skin).In some these type of embodiments, portable monitoring device comprises projection in the skin side or inner side of device, as described above and represent in Fig. 2 B and 2C.
As described above, in some embodiments, optical transmitting set comprises one or more light emitting diode (LED) of the light that can send one or more wavelength specific to or be directed to physiological data type to be collected, laser or other light generating device.Similarly, photodetector can comprise can be configured to detect also specific to or be directed to the type of physiological data to be collected and/or one or more photodiode of the light of one or more wavelength of (user's) physiological parameter that is to be assessed or that determine.For example, in some embodiments, optical transmitting set and photodetector can be configured to send respectively and the light of determined wavelength in the green portion of visible spectrum to determine the heart rate of user.In addition, optical transmitting set and photodetector can be configured to send respectively and the light of determined wavelength in the redness and infrared ray (IR) part of spectrum to determine the SpO of user
2.In addition, in some in these or other embodiment, photodetector specifically can be configured to rejection (not detecting) surround lighting wavelength, except those wavelength of the light sent by optical transmitting set.
As described above, in some of the other embodiments, described sensor package and be associated optical transmitting set and photodetector can be positioned on the outside or side surface of one or more of portable monitoring device.In some these type of embodiments, user can touch optical window (optical transmitting set and photodetector are positioned at its rear) with the finger of phase backhand such as, with initial heart rate measurement (or other relevant with heart rate is measured, changes in heart rate) or collection can in order to determine the data of the heart rate (or other tolerance relevant with heart rate) of user.Also as described above, in some embodiments, portable monitoring device declines and triggers or initial heart rate measurement by (such as, unexpected) detecting the incident illumination on photodetector, such as, when the finger of user is placed on optical window.Additionally or alternati, in some embodiments, can by triggering heart rate measurement (or other this type of measure) based on ultrared proximity detector or capacitor-type touch/proximity detector (it can separate with other detector).This type of can be such as placed in optical window based on ultrared proximity detector or capacitor-type touch/proximity detector or on it or functionally, electricity or be physically coupled to detect with optical window or determine that such as user points described existence.
PPG circuit can through optimizing to obtain best quality signal, and have nothing to do in multiple environmental condition, including but not limited to motion, surround lighting and the colour of skin.Following circuit and technology can optimize (see Figure 16 A to 16J and Figure 17 to 19) in order to perform this;
-can be used for sampling and holding circuit and the difference/instrument amplifier of PPG sensing.Output signal for reference between the current of given voltage and previous sample through amplifying difference.
-in order to " to be biased " controlled current source of electric current in the precompensation of transimpedance amplifier.This allows in the larger gain of transimpedance amplifier level place application.
-for being applied to sampling and the holding circuit of the current feedback of photodiode (before transimpedance amplifier).This can be used for surround lighting and removes, or " being biased " electric current removes, or is used as pseudo-differential amplifier (may need double track).
-have surround lighting eliminate difference/instrument amplifier.
-compensate the photodiode of the electric current dynamically produced by DAC.
-compensate the photodiode of the electric current dynamically produced by controlled voltage source.
-use the surround lighting of " switched capacitor " method to remove.
-compensate the photodiode of the electric current (also having come by constant voltage source and resistor) produced by constant current source.
-surround lighting removes and differencing between continuous sample.
-surround lighting removes and differencing between continuous sample.
Figure 16 A illustrates and can be used for the sampling of PPG sensing and the example schematic of holding circuit and difference/instrument amplifier.Output signal in this type of circuit can be with reference to the current sample of given voltage and previously between sample through amplifying difference.
Figure 16 B illustrates the example schematic using controlled current source " to be biased " circuit of the PPG sensor of electric current in the precompensation of transimpedance amplifier.This allows in the larger gain of transimpedance amplifier level place application.
Figure 16 C illustrates the example schematic being used for the use sampling of PPG sensor and holding circuit and being used for the circuit of the current feedback being applied to photodiode (before transimpedance amplifier).This circuit can be used for surround lighting and removes, or " being biased " electric current removes, or is used as pseudo-differential amplifier.
Figure 16 D illustrates that the use being used for PPG sensor has the example schematic that surround lighting eliminates the circuit of functional difference/instrument amplifier.
Figure 16 E illustrates that the use photodiode being used for PPG sensor compensates the example schematic of the circuit of the electric current dynamically produced by DAC.
Figure 16 F illustrates that the use photodiode being used for PPG sensor compensates the example schematic of the circuit of the electric current dynamically produced by controlled voltage source.
Figure 16 G illustrates that the surround lighting comprising use " switched capacitor " method being used for PPG sensor removes the example schematic of functional circuit.
Figure 16 H illustrates that the use photodiode being used for PPG sensor compensates the example schematic of the circuit of the electric current (this also can use constant voltage source and resistor) produced by constant current source.
Figure 16 I illustrate be used for PPG sensor comprise the example schematic that surround lighting removes the circuit of the differencing between functional and continuous sample.
Figure 16 J illustrates that being used for surround lighting removes and the example schematic of circuit of differencing between continuous sample.
Hereinafter with reference Figure 17 to 19 describe light emission and optical detection circuit more specifically or particular.Figure 17 show according to embodiments more of the present invention for driving optical transmitting set by incident optical signal L
ebe transmitted into the exemplary light emission drive circuit 1740 on a region of the skin of user.For example, light emission drive circuit 1740 can be combined with the optical transmitting set of Fig. 3 A to 3C.As described above, incident optical signal L
ea part by the skin of user, and more particularly, by the reflection,arterial below the skin of user, refraction or otherwise scattering." scattered light signal " L is also called in this article by the described part of the incident illumination of the skin scattering of user
s.Figure 18 show according to some embodiments for detecting scattered light signal L
sand for based on scattered light signal L
scarry out the block diagram of the exemplary optical detection circuit 1860 of output signal output OUT.For example, optical detection circuit 1860 can be combined with the photodetector of Fig. 3 A to 3C.Figure 19 shows the example circuit 1960 according to the optical detection circuit 1860 for implementing Figure 18 of some embodiments.
Light emission drive circuit 1740 comprises the voltage-controlled current source being in high level, and it drives through arranging with by incident optical signal L
ebe transmitted into the optical transmitting set 1742 on a region of the skin of user.For example, optical transmitting set 1742 can comprise one or more LED, laser instrument or other light source.In illustrated embodiment, described voltage-controlled current source is implemented by drive circuit 1744, and described drive circuit is based on one or more the control signal Cntrl received from (such as) processor as described above or processing unit
dand power to optical transmitting set 1742.In some embodiments, drive circuit 1740 is configured to based on control signal Cntrl
d(such as, when being enabled by control signal) drive (or " power supply ") optical transmitting set 1742 and continue some interval, make optical transmitting set 1742 during described interval with the form utilizing emitted light signal L of a succession of (or " row ") pulse
e.For example, in some cases, optical transmitting set 1742 is the one in assembly most economical in power consumption in portable computing.Therefore, can need to power only shorter time quantum to optical transmitting set 1742, therefore the use of a succession of short pulse also continues only shorter time quantum.
When other embodiment (comprising other embodiment of voltage-controlled current source) of drive circuit 1744 is in scope of the present invention, in illustrated embodiment, drive circuit 1744 comprises the operational amplifier 1746 with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal.Drive circuit 1744 also comprises and the D/A converter of the sub-electric coupling of the first input end of operational amplifier 1746 (DAC) 1748.DAC1748 is based on reference signal V
rEFwith control signal Cntrl
dand by input signal V
iNbe supplied to first input end of operational amplifier 1746.Power supply is supplied to the first terminal of optical transmitting set 1742 by supply of electric power rail.
Drive circuit 1740 also comprises switch, and more particularly, comprises transistor 1750.In illustrated embodiment, transistor 1750 is mos field effect transistor (MOSFET), and more particularly, is n channel mosfet (" nmos pass transistor ").In some of the other embodiments, transistor 1750 can be implemented by the switch of any type or transistor (such as, bipolar junction transistor).Transistor 1750 comprises gate terminal, drain terminal D and source terminal S.The lead-out terminal electric coupling of described gate terminal and operational amplifier 1746.Second terminal electric coupling of described drain terminal D and optical transmitting set 1742.Source terminal S is via having resistance R
sresistor 1752 and be electrically coupled to reference voltage, such as ground connection.Source terminal S is supplied to described operational amplifier with the second input terminal electric coupling of operational amplifier 1746 for by feedback signal further.In illustrated embodiment, drive circuit 1744 comprise further be electrically coupled to operational amplifier 1746 between lead-out terminal and the second input terminal of described operational amplifier, there is electric capacity C
pcapacitor 1754.Drive circuit 1744 also can be included in has resistance R between the lead-out terminal of operational amplifier 1746 and the gate terminal of transistor 1750
p1resistor 1756.Drive circuit 1744 also can be included in has resistance R between the source terminal S of transistor 1750 and the second input terminal of operational amplifier 1746
p2resistor 1758.Resistance R
p1with resistance R
p2and electric capacity C
pcan be configured to tune driver circuit 1744 to obtain fast settling time, it, because can operate within the less time and can save electric power, maintains stability simultaneously.During operation, the feedback signal that operational amplifier 1746 is configured to receive based on the second input terminal place of operational amplifier maintains the less constant voltage across resistor 1752.In this way, drive circuit 1744 serves as constant current source, and it has the electric current I through optical transmitting set 1742 and resistor 1752
e=V
iN/ R
s.This is desirable, because be supplied to the electric current I of optical transmitting set 1752
ein any change or ripple will cause incident optical signal L
ein unacceptable false shadow, this will at scattered light signal L
smiddle displaying.
Referring now to Figure 18, optical detection circuit 1860 is configured to: detect scattered light signal L
s(such as, by the incident optical signal L of the skin scattering of user
ea part); The signal of telecommunication I detected is produced based on described scattered light signal
d; Sample to produce through sampled signal S to the described signal of telecommunication
1; And carry out digitized to produce the output signal OUT representing (such as, heart rate data) to described through sampled signal.As described above, environment light condition, skin color (pigmentation) and user movement all can make to be difficult to the heart rate from data signal extraction user.In some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 is configured to correct the low frequency that caused by surround lighting or " DC " skew.For example, environment light condition can move or change orientation (such as, hands or health) or changes along with the time along with outer blaze condition (such as, sunlight or internal illumination) and change along with user.In some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 be configured to by from light source open and the signal detected when sampling signal is deducted effectively the signal I detected obtained when light source is closed
dambient light component correct environment light condition.
In some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 is also configured to adjust the signal I detected
dgain to prevent the saturated of the various electric assembly of optical detection circuit 1860 (such as, operational amplifier), or to make through sampled signal S
1value enter be suitable for carry out through sampled signal digitized with produce output signal OUT ADC scope in.For example, because scattered light signal L
sthe heart owing to user export and cause time become " AC " component can be relatively little compared with the low frequency caused owing to surround lighting or " DC " component, and because need to use high frequency short pulse to bring the power consumption reducing optical transmitting set 1842, so need to deduct larger DC ambient light component before arriving ADC through sampled signal.More particularly, if do not deduct DC context components, so ADC may not with the speed of the light needing pulsation to launch to obtain measured value/reception data, make because the signal detected is too large ADC cannot within the required short time with desired bit depth to resolve desired AC component (such as, high accuracy/high bit depth ADC is tending towards slower due to processing requirements).In addition, can be advantageously, the optical signal I that optical detection circuit 1860 adjustment detects
dgain take into account the difference of the skin color (pigmentation) of user.For example, different skin colors will differently absorb and scattered light.For example, because the darker more light of skin color Absorbable rod and the less light of scattering, so can need to increase the optical signal I detected
dgain.
Optical detection circuit 1860 comprises photodetector 1862, and described photodetector is through locating and being configured to receive (or " sensing " or " detection ") scattered light signal L
sat least partially and produce based on received light the signal of telecommunication I detected
d.In some embodiments, photodetector 1862 is configured to the first signal of telecommunication I of the form produced in changing currents with time signal
d.In this little embodiment, the first signal of telecommunication I
din the value of electric current and the current scattered light signal L just received in its detectable wave-length coverage by photodetector 1862
sthe intensity of (and surround lighting) is proportional.In some of the other embodiments, photodetector 1862 can be configured to the first signal of telecommunication I of the form producing time variant voltage signal when being
d.In this little embodiment, the first signal of telecommunication I
din voltage value by with the current scattered light signal L just received in its detectable wave-length coverage by photodetector
sthe intensity of (and surround lighting) is proportional.
Optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises commutation circuit 1864.Described commutation circuit 1864 can use the multiple suitable handoff technique comprising one or more analog or digital switching device to implement.For example, in some embodiments, commutation circuit 1864 comprises Analogous Integrated Electronic Circuits.In some embodiments, the first commutation circuit 1864 comprises one or more transistor, such as a pair or more right MOSFET (such as, wherein every comprise a NMOS device and P channel mosfet (PMOS) device for a pair).In various embodiments, commutation circuit 1864 comprise at least the first configuration a and second configuration b (in some embodiments, commutation circuit 1864 also comprise the 3rd configuration c).Commutation circuit 1864 is configured to receive based on the signal I detected
dvoltage signal V
s, as described in greater detail below.Commutation circuit 1864 is also configured to receive one or more the first control signal Cntrl received from (such as) processor as described above or processing unit
1.Commutation circuit 1864 is based on one or more the first control signal Cntrl
1and configure between b switch at least the first configuration a and second.
Optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises the first sample circuit 1866, and it is configured to when commutation circuit 1864 is in the first configuration a voltage signal V
svalue sample.Optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises the second sample circuit 1868, and it is configured to when the first commutation circuit 1864 is in the second configuration b voltage signal V
svalue sample.
Optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises gain adjustable circuit 1870, and it is configured to provide (or " output " or " setting ") signal I when the first commutation circuit 1864 is in the first configuration
1(such as, current signal), thus relative to the signal I detected
dadjust voltage signal V
sgain.As described above, described gain can be needed to adjust to make optical detection circuit 1860 can exactly and reliably detect scattered light signal L
s, make (such as) A/D converter (ADC) 1876 can resolve the sampled signal S that hangs oneself
1digital signal.Can need to adjust described gain in addition to make the assembly of optical detection circuit 1860 (such as, operational amplifier) can not be saturated or otherwise inappropriate or undesirably work.Gain adjustable circuit 1870 is based on one or more the second control signal Cntrl
2(such as from processing unit receive) and the signal I detected based on (directly or indirectly)
dvalue set current signal I
1value and polarity, as described in greater detail below.
Optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises surround lighting and eliminates circuit 1872, and it is configured to provide cancellation current signal I when the first commutation circuit 1864 is in the first configuration
2with at least in part to the signal I detected
dnon-desired component offset.Surround lighting eliminates circuit 1872 based on one or more the 3rd control signal Cntrl
3(such as from processing unit receive) and based on the signal S sampled by the second sample circuit 1868
2the value of (such as, voltage signal) sets current signal I
2value and polarity, as described in greater detail below.For example, as described above, the signal I detected
dcomponent to be canceled can be the result of surround lighting.That is, photodetector 1862 can except time become scattered light signal L
soutside go back reception environment light, and therefore, the signal I detected
dcan except by scattered light signal L
scause time variation amount outside also comprise context components (although it should be noted that ambient light component also can change in time, this type of surround lighting time variations respectively with time become incident optical signal L
efrequency and the first sample circuit 1866 be there is much lower frequency and be actually " DC " or " static " when comparing with the sampling rate of the second sample circuit 1868).In some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 is also configured to adjust the signal I detected
dgain to prevent the saturated of the various electric assembly of optical detection circuit 1860 (such as, operational amplifier), or to make through sampled signal S
1value enter and be suitable in the scope of ADC1876.
As described above, in some embodiments, photodetector 1862 is configured to the signal I that will detect
dexport as changing currents with time signal.In this little embodiment, optical detection circuit 1860 can comprise current-voltage converter 1874 further, and it is configured to the signal I that will detect
dbe converted to voltage signal V
g.In this little embodiment, gain adjustable circuit 1870 more specifically sets current signal I when the first commutation circuit 1864 is in the first configuration
1with relative to the first signal of telecommunication I
dadjust voltage signal V
ggain.In addition, in this little embodiment, current signal I
1value and polarity be more specifically based on the second control signal Cntrl
2with voltage signal V
g.
In some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises buffer 1878, its buffer voltagc signal V
gand export buffering signals V
s.Optical detection circuit 1860 also can comprise buffer 1880, and it is through sampled signal S
1before being input to ADC1876, it is cushioned.Optical detection circuit 1860 also can comprise buffer 1882, and it is through sampled signal S
2be input to before surround lighting eliminates circuit 1872 and it is cushioned.
In some embodiments, the assembly of current-voltage converter 1874 and gain adjustable circuit 1870 is formed or serves as the trsanscondutance amplifier 1884 with variable gain.As described above, this configuration can be avoided or minimized from bright surround lighting or bright incident illumination saturated from optical transmitting set.For example, as described in greater detail below, the gain of trsanscondutance amplifier 1884 can automatically increase by the rheostat in the negative feedback paths of trsanscondutance amplifier or resistor multiplexed group or network or reduce.
Figure 19 shows the example circuit 1960 according to the optical detection circuit 1960 for implementing Figure 18 of some embodiments.For example, current-to-voltage convertor 1874 can comprise the first operational amplifier 1974.First input end of operational amplifier 1974 can with the first terminal T of the first terminal of photodetector 1952 (such as, photodiode) and adjustable impedance level 1970
1electric coupling.Second input terminal of operational amplifier 1974 can with the reference voltage electric coupling such as such as ground connection.In circuit 1960, gain adjustable circuit 1870 comprises the adjustable impedance level 1970 being configured to provide adjustable impedance.The lead-out terminal of operational amplifier 1974 can with the second terminal T of adjustable impedance level 1970
2electric coupling.The lead-out terminal also output voltage signal V of operational amplifier 1974
g.As described above, operational amplifier 1974 and adjustable impedance level 1970 are formed or serve as transimpedance amplifier 1984.
In example implementations, adjustable impedance level 1970 comprises impedance network, and described impedance network has to comprise and has resistance R
1resistor and there is electric capacity C
1the first impedance path 1973a of capacitor, it provides the first impedance.Described impedance network also comprises to comprise and has different resistance R
2resistor and there is electric capacity C
2the second impedance path 1973b of capacitor, it provides the second impedance.Adjustable impedance level 1970 comprises the second commutation circuit 1971 further, and it is configured to based on one or more the second control signal Cntrl
2configure between e at the first configuration d and second and change to select in the middle of the first impedance path 1973a and the second impedance path 1973b respectively.Should be appreciated that, although circuit 1960 only comprises two impedance path, in some of the other embodiments, more than three or three impedance path can be comprised, and the second commutation circuit 1971 can be selected in the middle of described more than three or three impedance path.In addition, in some of the other embodiments, not make impedance network have to have multiple paths of different impedance, adjustable impedance level can comprise variableimpedance, such as, be configured to change impedance thus the analogue component changing gain.
In circuit 1960, surround lighting eliminates circuit 1872 eliminates circuit 1872 the first terminal T at surround lighting
3the second terminal T of circuit 1872 is eliminated with surround lighting
4between comprise the second adjustable impedance level 1972.Second adjustable impedance level 1972 is configured to provide adjustable impedance to adjust current signal I
2.In example implementations, adjustable impedance level 1972 comprises the impedance network with the first impedance path 1977a, and described first impedance path 1977a comprises and has resistance R
1resistor.Described impedance network also comprises and has the second impedance path 1977b, and described second impedance path 1977b comprises and has resistance R
2resistor.Adjustable impedance level 1972 comprises the 3rd commutation circuit 1975 further, and it is configured to based on one or more the 3rd control signal Cntrl
3configure between e at the first configuration d and second and change to select in the middle of the first impedance path 1977a and the second impedance path 1977b.
It should be noted that in some embodiments, the identical (R of the resistance in impedance path 1973a and 1977a
1), and the identical (R of resistance in impedance path 1973b and 1977b
2).That is, in some embodiments, for each impedance path in the adjustable impedance level 1970 of gain adjustable circuit 1870, the counterpart impedance path existing in the adjustable impedance level 1972 of circuit 1872 and there is same resistance is eliminated at surround lighting.Thus, in some embodiments, when the second commutation circuit 1971 is in configuration d, the 3rd commutation circuit 1975 is also in configuration d, and similarly, when the second commutation circuit 1971 is in configuration e, the 3rd commutation circuit 1975 is also in configuration e.In some embodiments, the second commutation circuit 1971 and the 3rd commutation circuit 1975 can comprise the part of identical switching device or the single switch (such as, single analog switch) for both control group level 1970 and impedance level 1972.In this little embodiment, the 3rd control signal Cntrl
3can be the second control signal Cntrl
2.
In addition, as above with reference to gain adjustable circuit 1870 adjustable impedance level 1970 described by, in some of the other embodiments, not make impedance network have to have multiple paths of different impedance, the adjustable impedance level 1972 that surround lighting eliminates circuit 1872 can comprise variableimpedance, such as, be configured to the analogue component changing impedance.
In circuit 1960, buffer 1878 comprises the second operational amplifier 1978.First input end of the second operational amplifier 1978 and the lead-out terminal electric coupling of operational amplifier 1974.The lead-out terminal of the second operational amplifier 1978 and the second input terminal electric coupling of the second operational amplifier.In some embodiments, described circuit comprises isolation resistor 1986 further, and it has resistance R
iSO, between the lead-out terminal being in series electrically coupled to the second operational amplifier 1978 and commutation circuit 1864.For example, isolation resistor 1986 can serve as the damping mechanism minimizing into toroidal effect (ringing).
First sample circuit 1966 comprises the first sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuit, and described first sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuit are configured to receiver voltage signal V
s, to voltage signal V
svalue sample, and in interval between continuous sample, keep (or " maintenance ", " capturing " or " storage ") through sampling value S
1.In circuit 1960, a S/H circuit is by commutation circuit 1864 and has electric capacity C
s1capacitor 1966 implement.For example, the first terminal of capacitor 1966 can be electrically coupled to commutation circuit 1864 with the receiver voltage signal V when commutation circuit 1864 is in the first configuration a
s.Second terminal of capacitor 1966 can with the reference voltage electric coupling such as such as ground connection.When commutation circuit 1864 is converted to such as the second configuration b or the 3rd configuration c from the first configuration a, capacitor 1966 keeps through sampling value S
1.In some embodiments, need that there is bulky capacitor C
s1insignificantly leak electricity to make capacitor 1966 can store many electric charges.
In some embodiments, because need that there is bulky capacitor C
s1(and bulky capacitor C as described below
s2), therefore need to comprise the first buffer 1878 (and specifically, operational amplifier 1978) to drive the bulky capacitor of capacitor 1966 (and capacitor described below 1968).In this way, the first operational amplifier 1974 need not drive any capacitor, and thus improves the performance of operational amplifier 1978, operational amplifier 1978 potentially unstable originally when needs drive bulky capacitor.ADC1876 is configured to based on through sampled signal S
1produce and export digital voltage signal OUT.As described above, in some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 comprises for buffering through sampled signal S
1the second buffer 1880.For example, the second buffer 1880 unstability that can reduce or prevent ADC1876 from may cause or electric leakage.In some these type of embodiments, the second buffer 1880 comprises the 3rd operational amplifier 1980.For example, first input end of the 3rd operational amplifier 1980 can be electrically coupled to the output (the first terminal of capacitor 1966) of the first sample circuit 1866.The lead-out terminal of the 3rd operational amplifier 1980 can with the second input terminal of the 3rd operational amplifier and with ADC1876 electric coupling.
Second sample circuit 1868 comprises the second sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuit, and described second sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuit are configured to receiver voltage signal V
s, to voltage signal V
svalue sample, and to keep through sampling value S in interval between continuous sample
2.In circuit 1960, the 2nd S/H circuit is by commutation circuit 1864 and has electric capacity C
s2capacitor 1968 implement.For example, the first terminal of capacitor 1968 can be electrically coupled to commutation circuit 1864 with the receiver voltage signal V when commutation circuit 1864 is in the second configuration b
s.Second terminal of capacitor 1968 can with the reference voltage electric coupling such as such as ground connection.When commutation circuit 1864 is converted to such as the first configuration a or the 3rd configuration c from the second configuration b, capacitor 1968 keeps through sampling value S
2.Be similar to the first sample circuit 1866, in some embodiments, need that there is bulky capacitor C
s2insignificantly leak electricity to make capacitor 1968 can store many electric charges.
As described above, in some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 comprises for through sampled signal S
2by surround lighting eliminate cushion before circuit 1872 (and in the embodiment of Figure 19, by adjustable impedance level 1972) receives described through sampled signal S
2the 3rd buffer 1882.In some these type of embodiments, the 3rd buffer 1882 comprises four-operational amplifier 1982.For example, first input end of four-operational amplifier 1982 can be electrically coupled to the output (the first terminal of capacitor 1968) of the second sample circuit 1868.The lead-out terminal of four-operational amplifier 1982 can with the second input terminal electric coupling of four-operational amplifier.The lead-out terminal of four-operational amplifier 1982 also eliminates circuit 1872 (and more particularly, adjustable impedance level 1972) electric coupling with surround lighting.In some embodiments, the 3rd buffer 1882 (and more particularly, four-operational amplifier 1982) being configured to only just will through sampled signal S when asserting or receive and enable signal EN
2(and more particularly, be stored on capacitor 1968 with through sampled signal S
2the electric charge that is associated of value) output to adjustable impedance level 1972.For example, in some embodiments, at least assert during commutation circuit 1864 is in the interval of the first configuration a and enable signal EN.In this way, when commutation circuit 1864 is in the first configuration a, the electric charge be stored on capacitor 1968 is sent to the adjustable impedance level 1972 that surround lighting eliminates circuit 1872 as an electrical current, and described electric charge passes the one in the impedance path 1977a or 1977b selected by the 3rd commutation circuit 1975 herein and causes electric current I as described above
2.
In some embodiments, circuit 1960 comprises the 4th commutation circuit 1988 be coupled with the first terminal of photodetector 1862 further.4th commutation circuit 1988 can be configured to based on one or more the 4th control signal Cntrl
4the first terminal of photodetector 1862 is electrically coupled to the Voltage References such as such as ground connection by (from such as processing unit reception as described above).In this way, for example, at optical detection circuit 1860/1960 not to institute sensed light signal I
dwhen sampling, such as, when commutation circuit 1864 is in the second configuration b or the 3rd configuration c, due to reception environment light, the electric charge be accumulated in photodetector 1862 can be drained.In some of the other embodiments, photodetector 1862 is electrically coupled to ungrounded reference voltage and can be useful by the 4th commutation circuit 1988, such as, for example, need wherein in the embodiment of reverse bias photodetector 1862 (such as, with reverse bias photodiode).
The example three stages operating circulation of light emission drive circuit 1740 and optical detection circuit 1860 (and 1960) now will be described.Should be appreciated that, the stage of example circulation can contain the interval (contrary with discrete time point) relating to multiple operation or reshuffle, and can overlap each other in some embodiments.In the first operational phase, one or more control signal Cntrl
ddrive circuit 1744 is caused to drive optical transmitting set 1742 to send incident optical signal L
e.Also in the first phase, one or more first control signal Cntrl
1commutation circuit 1864 is caused to be converted to the first configuration a to make the first sample circuit 1866 can to institute detection signal I
d(or more particularly, from such as signal V
gor V
sdeng institute detection signal I
dderive signal) carry out sample, and make subsequently ADC1876 can digitized through sampled signal S
1and output signal output OUT (comprise, such as, heart rate data).Also in the first phase, one or more second control signal Cntrl
2cause gain adjustable circuit 1970 to adjust or select impedance and produce signal I
1with relative to institute detection signal I
dadjustment voltage signal V
sgain.Also in the first phase, assert and enable signal EN, thus cause the electric charge stored by the second sample circuit 1882 to be sent to surround lighting elimination circuit 1872 via electric current.In response to one or more the 3rd control signal Cntrl
3, surround lighting is eliminated circuit 1872 and is adjusted based on the electric charge received from the second sample circuit 1882 or select impedance and produce erasure signal I
2to eliminate (or counteracting) institute detection signal I
dcontext components.Also in the first phase, one or more the 4th control signal Cntrl
4cause the 4th commutation circuit 1988 to make photodetector 1862 from reference voltage decoupling zero, make photodetector 1862 can produce institute detection signal I
d.
In some embodiments, in the second operational phase, one or more first control signal Cntrl
1commutation circuit 1864 is caused to be converted to the second configuration b to stop using the first sample circuit 1866 and enable the second sample circuit 1868 with to institute detection signal I
dsample, turn off such as to store and institute detection signal I with light emitters 1742
dthe proportional electric charge of context components.Also in second stage, cancel assert enable signal EN with make the second sample circuit 1882 can store with through sampled signal S
2the electric charge (such as, on capacitor 1968) be associated.As described above, its be with through sampled signal S
2the electric charge be associated, after a while in order to provide signal I
2with eliminate during the first operational phase the context components of detection light.
In some embodiments, in the 3rd operational phase, one or more the 4th control signal Cntrl
4cause the 4th commutation circuit 1988 photodetector 1862 to be coupled to reference voltage (such as, ground connection), make originally the electric charge be accumulated in owing to surround lighting in photodetector 1862 can be drained.In some embodiments, light emission drive circuit 1740 and optical detection circuit 1860 then repeated for first, second and third operational phase, by that analogy.
Biometric feeds back
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can provide feedback based on one or more biometric signal to user.In one embodiment, PPG signal can be used as in real time or close to real-time waveform on the display of biometric monitoring arrangement (or on the display of the auxiliary device communicated with described biometric monitoring arrangement) present to user.This waveform can provide the feedback similar with the waveform be presented on ECG or EKG machine.Except provide to user can in order to estimate the PPG signal of various cardiac measure (such as, heart rate) instruction outside, described waveform also can provide feedback, and described feedback can make user can optimize its position of wearing biometric monitoring arrangement and pressure.For example, user can see that waveform has short arc.In response to this, user can attempt the position of biometric monitoring arrangement to move to the diverse location providing higher amplitudes signal.In some embodiments, indicate based on this, biometric monitoring arrangement can provide instruction to user to move or to adjust the fit of biometric monitoring arrangement to improve signal quality.
In another embodiment, the feedback of the quality about PPG signal can be provided to user via the method being different from display waveform.If signal quality (such as signal to noise ratio) exceedes a certain threshold value, so biometric monitoring arrangement can send audio alarm (such as buzzer).Biometric monitoring arrangement can by visual cues (such as, via using display) be supplied to user to change the position of sensor and/or to increase the pressure (such as, passing through tension wrist strap when device is worn in wrist) of wearable device.
Can biometric be provided to feed back for the sensor being different from PPG sensor.For example, if device uses ECG, EMG or is connected to the device of any one performed in these, so it can provide feedback about the waveform from those sensors to user.If the signal to noise ratio of these sensors is low or signal quality is impaired because of other reason, so can indicating user its how can improve described signal.For example, if heart rate can not be detected from ECG sensor, so device can provide visual message to user, indicate its moistening or ECG electrode of getting wet to improve signal.
Environmental sensor
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use in following environmental sensor one, some or all such as obtain environmental data, comprise the environmental data summarized in the following table.This little biometric monitoring arrangement is not limited to number or the type of the sensor of hereafter specifying, and can use other sensor obtaining the environmental data summarized in following table.All combinations of environmental sensor and/or environmental data and arrange set falling within the scope of the present invention.In addition, device can export statistical conversion environmental data from respective sensor, but is not limited to its environmental data type that can derive from described sensor.
It should be noted that the embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use one or many person in one or many person in environmental sensor as herein described or biosensor whole and as herein described or whole.In fact, biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use any sensor that is known or that develop after a while now to obtain any one in environmental data as herein described and physiological data or all, it is all set falls within the scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise the altimeter sensor being such as placed in or being positioned at crust of the device inside.(see, such as, Figure 12 B and 12C; Figure 12 C illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the position sensor having biosensor, environmental sensor and be connected to processor).In the case, crust of the device can have vent, its any change allowing device internal measurement, detection, sampling and/or experience external pressure.In one embodiment, vent can anti-sealing access to plant, promotes the change via altimeter sensor measurement, detection and/or sampling pressure simultaneously.For example, the outer surface of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise vent type configuration or framework (such as, Gore
tMvent), it allows surrounding air to move into and the shell (it allows the change of altimeter sensor measurement, detection and/or sampling pressure) of moving-out device, but reduces, prevents and/or minimize in the shell of water and other liquid flow auto levelizer.
In one embodiment, altimeter sensor gel available is filled, and described gel allows the pressure change of sensor experience outside gel.Gel can serve as relatively impermeable, incompressible and flexible barrier film, and external pressure change is transmitted into altimeter simultaneously physically transport disengaging height meter (and other intraware) and external environment condition by it.Use gel-filled altimeter can when use or not environment for use sealing vent to provide the environmental conservation of higher level to device.Device can be at gel-filled altimeter has comparatively high viability (survivabilityrate) including but not limited in the position of upper/lower positions: have the position of high humility, washing machine, dish-washing machine, dryer, vaporium or sauna chamber, shower, pond, bathtub and device and may be exposed to dampness, be exposed to liquid or be immersed in any position in liquid.
Sensor integration/signal processing
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use data from two or more sensors to be calculated as follows corresponding physiology seen in table or environmental data (such as, capable of being combined use the data from two or more sensors to determine the tolerance of the tolerance such as hereafter listed).Biometric monitoring arrangement can including but not limited to the number of the sensor of hereafter specifying, type or combination.In addition, this little biometric monitoring arrangement can derive from respective sensor combination the data comprised, but is not limited to number or the type of the data that can go out from respective sensor combination calculation.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement also can comprise near-field communication (NFC) receiver/transmitter the proximity of another devices such as such as mobile phone to be detected.When making biometric monitoring arrangement close to the second device or reaching with the second device detected nearness, it can trigger and start on the second device new functionalized (such as, start " application program " on mobile phone and make physiological data radio synchronization from described device to the second device).(see, such as, Figure 10).In fact, biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can implement the U.S. Provisional Patent Application case 61/606 of application on March 5th, 2012,559 (" near field communication system and operational approach (NearFieldCommunicationSystem; andMethodofOperatingSame) thereof ", inventor: James Parker (JamesPark), its content is incorporated herein by reference for this this object) described in and/or any one in the circuit that illustrates and technology.
Figure 10 illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement it with bicycle application program, and described bicycle application program can show step and other tolerance of bicycle speed and/or pedal.When biometric monitoring arrangement is close to passive or active NFC labelling, described application program can be started.This NFC labelling can be attached to the handlebar of user.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise position sensor (such as, GPS circuit) and heart rate sensor (such as, photoelectricity volume diagram circuit) to produce GPS or location dependent data and heart rate related data respectively.(see, such as, Figure 12 B and 12C).Biometric monitoring arrangement then can merge, process and/or combine data from these two sensor/circuit such as to determine according to physiological data (such as, heart rate, anxiety, level of activation, amount of sleep and/or calorie take in), relevant and/or " mapping " geographic region.In this way, biometric monitoring arrangement identifiable design increases or reduces to measure the geographic region of user metric (taking in including but not limited to heart rate, anxiety, level of activation, amount of sleep and/or calorie).
Additionally or alternati, some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can use GPS related data and photoelectricity volume diagram related data (to it should be noted that, each wherein can think data flow) come determine the heart rate of user according to level of activation (such as, as determined by the acceleration of user, speed, position and/or travel distance (as measured by GPS and/or determining from GPS related data)) or make it be correlated with.(see, such as, Figure 12 B and 12C).Herein, in one embodiment, the heart rate that can become with speed for user " plotting ", or described data can be analyzed to varying level, including but not limited to sleep, tranquillization, sitting, moderately active, activity, and high activity.
In fact, some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement also can make GPS related data relevant to the data base of predetermined geographic locality (having the activity associated with it for one group of predetermined condition).For example, activity is determined and corresponding physiological classification (such as, heart rate classification) can comprise and makes the GPS coordinate of user (position corresponding to exercise device, health club and/or gymnasium) relevant to physiological data.In these cases, automatically can measure and be presented at the user's heart rate during such as gymnasium body-building.It should be noted that many physiological classifications based on GPS related data, can comprise position, acceleration, height above sea level, distance and/or speed.This type of data base comprises geodata, and can compile, physiology data and/or be stored on biometric monitoring arrangement and/or external computing device.In fact, in one embodiment, user creatable himself location database or interpolation or location revision data base to classify better, it is movable.
In another embodiment, user can wear multiple biometric monitoring arrangement (having any one in feature as herein described) simultaneously.The biometric monitoring arrangement of this embodiment can use wired or wireless circuit to communicate with one another or communicate with remote-control device, calculates or calculate inaccurate biometric or physiology quality or amount, such as pulsation conduction time with calculated example as being otherwise difficult to.The use of multiple sensor also can improve accuracy that biometric measures and/or degree of accuracy makes its accuracy being better than single-sensor and/or degree of accuracy.For example, waist, wrist and ankle have biometric tracking means and can improve the detection (situation than the single assembly in the one only in those positions) that user is taken a step.Can in a distributed manner or the centralized approach measurement that executive signal process makes moderate progress with situation about providing than single assembly on biometric tracking means.Also can this signal processing of long-distance support and after the treatment pass on get back to biometric tracking means.
In another embodiment, heart rate or other biometric data can be made to be related to the food daily record (daily record of the food that user absorbs, its nutritional contents and part thereof) of user.Food journal entries can automatically key in food daily record or can by user itself via with biometric monitoring arrangement (or the auxiliary or remote-control device communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement, such as smart phone, or some other device, the such as servers to communicate with biometric monitoring arrangement) mutual and key in.User can be presented to about the information of user's body to the biometric reaction that one or more food inputs.For example, if user drinks coffee, so thus its heart rate may rise due to coffee.In another example, the major part of food if user takes food at dead of night, so it may spend the longer time to fall asleep than usual.Food input in biometric can be incorporated in this type of feedback system with any combination of corresponding result.
The fusion of food intake data and biometric data also can make some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can estimate the glucose level of user.This may be particularly useful for the user suffering from diabetes.By the algorithm of the activity (such as walking, running, caloric burn) and nutrition intake that relate to glucose level and user, biometric monitoring arrangement can advise when it may have abnormal blood sugar level to user.
Processing tasks is entrusted
The embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise one or more processor.For example, stand-alone utility processor can be obtained by one or more sensor processor (processing the processor of the data from physiology, environment and/or activity sensor) and the application program of sensing data of process in order to store and to perform to utilize.When there is multiple sensor wherein, also may there is multiple sensor processor.Application processor also can have the sensor being directly connected to it.Sensor and application processor can be used as independent discrete chip to be existed or is present in identical in packaged chip (multi-core).Device can have single application processor, or application processor and sensor processor, or multiple application processor and sensor processor.
In one embodiment, sensor processor can be placed on the daughter board (daughterboard) that is made up of all simulated assemblies.This plate can have some in the electronic device usually seen on main PCB, such as but not limited to transimpedance amplifier, filter circuit, horizontal shift device, sampling and holding circuit and micro controller unit.This type of configuration can allow daughter board, and via using numeral to connect, non-analog connects (except the electric power of any necessity or grounding connection) and is connected to main PCB.Numeral connects can have the multiple advantage being better than analog submodule card and connecting to main PCB, including but not limited to noise reduction and the reduction of necessary cable number.Daughter board can be connected to mainboard via use flexible cable or one group of wire.
Multiple application program can be stored in application processor.Application program can form by for the executable code of described application program and data, but is not limited to these.Data can be made up of the figure performed needed for described application program or out of Memory, and it can export for the information produced by application program.All can reside in application processor (or the memorizer be incorporated to wherein) for both the executable code of application program and data, or can store and retrieval from external memory storage for the data of application program.External memory storage can including but not limited to the flash memory on nand flash memory, NOR flash memory, another processor, other solid-state storage device, machinery or optical disc, RAM, etc.
Executable code for application program also can be stored in external memory storage.When application processor receives the request of executive utility, described application processor can be retrieved executable code and/or data from external memory and perform described executable code and/or data.On the memorizer that described executable code temporarily or for good and all can be stored in application processor or storage device.This allows application program next should perform request and perform more quickly, because eliminate searching step.When asking executive utility, application processor can all executable codes of retrieve application or the part of executable code.In the case of the latter, the executable code part needed at that time is only retrieved.This allows to perform than the memorizer of application processor or the large application program of storage device.
Application processor also can have memory protection feature to prevent application program from overriding, to destroy, interrupt, block or otherwise disturb other assembly of other application program, sensing system, application processor or system.
Application program can be loaded on application processor and/or any external memory via multiple wired, wireless, optics or electric capacity mechanism (low-yield including but not limited to USB, Wi-Fi, bluetooth, bluetooth, NFC, RFID, purple honeybee).
Application program is the signature of available electron encrypted signature ground also.The execution of application program can be limited to those people with correct signature by application processor.
The system integration in biometric monitoring arrangement
In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, in biometric monitoring arrangement or some sensors or electronic system can be integrated or can shared unit or resource each other.For example, for optics heart rate sensor photoelectric detector (such as can be used on February 28th, 2014 application and the be previously incorporated herein by reference the 61/946th, in the heart rate sensor discussed in No. 439 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases), also can serve as the photoelectric detector for determining ambient light level, such as can in order to corrector loop border light on the impact of heart rate sensor reading.For example, if turned off for the light source of this type of heart rate detector, the light so measured by described photoelectric detector can indicate the amount of existing surround lighting.
In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, biometric monitoring arrangement can use the vehicle-mounted optical pickocffs such as the assembly in such as optics heart rate monitor configured or communicate with it.For example, the photoelectric detector of optics heart rate sensor (or, if existed, ambient light sensor) also can serve as receptor for optical emitting channel (such as infrared communication).
In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, hybrid antenna can be comprised, its combined radio frequency antenna (such as Bluetooth antenna or gps antenna) and inductive loop (such as can be used in near-field communication (NFC) labelling or inductive charging system).In this little embodiment, the functional of two different systems is provided in an integrated system, thus saves encapsulation volume.In this type of hybrid antenna, inductive loop can be placed to close proximity in the irradiator of inverted-F antenna.Described inductive loop can inductance mode be coupled with irradiator, thus allows described inductive loop to serve as the flat elements of antenna for radio frequency object, thus forms such as smooth inverted-F antenna.Meanwhile, inductive loop also can serve its normal function, such as, via the inductive with the electromagnetic field produced by NFC reader, electric current is provided to NFC chip.The example of this little hybrid antenna system is discussed in the 61/948th of application on March 5th, 2014 the in more detail, in No. 470 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case had previously been incorporated herein by reference and had again hereby been incorporated to by reference about the content pointed out at hybrid antenna structure place in " cross reference to related application " part.Certainly, this little hybrid antenna also can be used for being different from other electronic installation of biometric monitoring arrangement, and this type of non-biometric monitoring arrangement of hybrid antenna use is contained within the scope of the invention.
The method of wearable device
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise shell, its size and shape promote that wherein said device affects the activity of user immeasurably or significantly when being coupled to user by biometric monitoring arrangement at the health being fixed to user during normal operation.Described biometric monitoring arrangement can be depending on be integrated in biometric monitoring arrangement particular sensor encapsulation and user will want obtain data and wear by different way.
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention are worn on by using belt (its be flexibility and be easily fitted to user thus) on its wrist or ankle (or arm or lower limb) by user.Described belt can have adjustable circumference, therefore allows it to be fitted to user.Described belt can be formed by the material construction of shrinking when being exposed to heat, therefore allows user to set up the adaptation of customization.Described belt can be replaceable if desired from " electronic device " partial dismantling of biometric monitoring arrangement.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be made up of two primary clusterings: main body (containing " electronic device ") and belt (promoting device to be attached to user).The extension protuberance (being such as made up of metal or metal-like material) that described main body can comprise shell (being such as made up of plastics or plastic-like material) and give prominence to from main body.(see, such as, Fig. 2 C to 3C).Described belt (being such as made up of thermoplasticity amido formate) can such as mechanically or adherent fashion be attached to health.Described belt can go out a part from the circumferential extension of user's wrist.The far-end of amido formate belt can be connected with Velcro or shackle elastic fabric belt (encompass D shape ring and be then attached on side and get back to self).In this embodiment, closing means can allow user ad infinitum to carry out belt length adjustment (be different from index hole and mechanical snap close).Velcro or elastic fabric can allow its mode being replaced (such as, if it wore or otherwise undesirably wore before the useful end of life of device) to be attached to belt.In one embodiment, Velcro or fabric are attached to belt by screw or rivet and/or glue, binding agent and/or buckle.
The embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also accessible site to and be worn in necklace, pectoral girdle, medicated bra, cohesiveness sticking patch, glass, earing or toestraps of yacht (toeband).This little biometric monitoring arrangement can be built-in as follows: the part of sensor package/biometric monitoring arrangement is removable and can wears including but not limited to the mode of any number of those listed above modes.
In another embodiment, the embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can through wearing to clip to dress or leave in clothes (such as, pocket) or ornament (such as, handbag, knapsack, wallet).Because a little biometric monitoring arrangement can not near the skin of user for this reason, so in the embodiment comprising heart rate measurement, manually device is placed in AD HOC (such as by user, capacitive touch sensor is covered by pressing the button, with finger tip, Deng, the heart rate sensor be embedded in button/sensor may be had) and in discrete, " pressing demand " context or automatically (once device is placed on skin by user (such as, finger is applied to optics heart rate sensor)) obtain and measure.
With the user interface of device
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise functional for what allow in one or more locally or remotely mutual with device method.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can pass on data via character display with visual manner.The physical embodiments of this display can use any one or more Display Techniques, one or the many person including but not limited in following each: LED, LCD, AMOLED, electric ink, clear Display Technique, pictorial displays, and other Display Technique, such as TN, HTN, STN, FSTN, TFT, IPS and OLET.This display can be illustrated in data device obtaining in this locality or stores maybe can show data from other device or Internet service Remote Acquisitioning.Biometric monitoring arrangement can use sensor (such as, ambient light sensor " ALS ") to control or adjust the amount (if using backlight) of screen backlight.For example, in dark lighting context, display adjustable dark is to save battery life, and in bright lighting context, display brightness can increase to make it easilier to be read by user.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use monochromatic or multi-colored led come the state of indicating device.The state that biometric monitoring arrangement can use LED to indicate or such as can be imported message into or reach the Application Status of target etc. including but not limited to biometric states such as such as hearts rate.These states can be opened or closed by the color of LED, LED (or the intensity that mediates), LED pulse (and/or its speed) and/or indicate from closing the light intensity pattern dropping to maximum brightness completely.In one embodiment, stage of LED available subscribers heart rate and frequency modulate its intensity and/or color.
In certain embodiments, use electronic ink display that display can be allowed to keep connecting and the battery drain of reflective display nothing but.This " often opens " and functionally can provide pleasant Consumer's Experience when such as wrist-watch application program (wherein user can sweep biometric monitoring arrangement simply to see the time).Electronic ink display displaying contents and do not damage the battery life of device all the time, thus allow user to see the time (as it on conventional wristwatch).
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can use the light such as such as LED to show the heart rate (amplitude of the light sent with the frequency of user's heart rate by modulation) of user.Described device can describe heart rate district (such as, aerobic, anaerobism, etc.) via the color of LED (such as, green, red) or a succession of LED (such as, progress bar) lighted according to the change of heart rate.In biometric monitoring arrangement accessible site or another device being incorporated into such as glass or protective eye lens or structure, or communicate with glass or protective eye lens with by this information displaying to user.
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement also can via the physical motion of device by communicating information to user.Physically this type of embodiment of the method for mobile device brings out motor for using vibration.Device can use the method individually or in conjunction with other exercise induced technology multiple.
In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can via audible feedback by communicating information to user.For example, the speaker in biometric monitoring arrangement can convey a message via use audio tones, voice, song or other sound.
In the various embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, these three information communicating methods (vision, motion and audition) can individually or with each other or pass on any combination of another method for conveying of any one or more following information to use:
● user needs to wake up at special time
● wake up when user Ying Qi is in a certain Sleep stages
● user should fall asleep sometime
● wake up when user Ying Qi is in a certain Sleep stages and is in the preselected time window that the earliest and the latest time of being wanted to wake up by user delimits.
● receive Email
● user inertia reaches the cycle sometime.It should be noted that this can with such as calendar of conference or other application program of following the tracks of application program of sleeping integrated to plan, to simplify or to adjust the behavior that inertia is reminded.
● user activity reaches the cycle sometime
● user has appointment or calendar event
● user has reached a certain activity metric
● user has walked about a certain distance
● user has reached a certain mileage
● user has reached a certain speed
● user has accumulated and has reached a certain height above sea level
● user has walked a certain step number
● user carries out heart rate measurement recently
● user's heart rate reaches certain level
● user has for particular value or normal, the movable or resting heart rate in particular range
● the heart rate of user has entered or has exited a certain target zone or training center
● user has new heart rate " district " target for reaching, be in said case for running, by bike, the heart rate district of the Exercises such as swimming
● user has swum an one way or complete the one way of a certain number in pond
● external device (ED) has the information needing to convey to user, such as, import any one in call or more prompting into
● user has reached a certain tired target or the limit.In one embodiment, fatigue can be determined via the combination of heart rate, skin pricktest response, motion sensor and/or breath data
These examples are provided to be to illustrate and not wishing to limit the scope can being passed on the information of (such as, to user) by this little embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement.Note, in order to determine whether that the data meeting alert condition can obtain from first device and/or one or more auxiliary device.Biometric monitoring arrangement self can determine whether to have met the criterion for reminding or condition.Or the accountant (such as, server and/or mobile phone) communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement can determine when to remind.In view of the present invention, those skilled in the art can imagine the out of Memory that biometric monitoring arrangement can convey to user.For example, when meeting target, biometric monitoring arrangement can with telex network.The criterion meeting this target can based on the environmental sensor on physiology, context and first device and/or other sensing data from one or more auxiliary device.Can to be set by the user or can by biometric monitoring arrangement self and/or another accountant (such as, the server) target setting communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement.In an example embodiment, when meeting biometric target, biometric monitoring arrangement can vibrate.
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can be equipped with wireless and/or wire communication circuit with video data on auxiliary device in real time.For example, this little biometric monitoring arrangement can via bluetooth low-yield with mobile phone communications to provide the Real-time Feedback of heart rate, changes in heart rate and/or anxiety to user.This little biometric monitoring arrangement can be trained or grant user is breathed with the ad hoc fashion of keeping tensions down (such as by carrying out deep and slow respiration) " moment ".Anxiety can through quantizing or being assessed via the change that heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin temperature, motor activity data and/or skin pricktest respond.
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can receive input via one or more Local or Remote input method from user.This kind of embodiment for local user's input can use a sensor or one group of sensor the movement of user to be translated the order of twin installation.This bit motion can comprise but can be not limited to touch by, rotate wrist, one or more muscle bending, and swing arm.Another user input method can be via use button, such as but not limited to capacitive touch button, capacitive screen button and mechanical button.In one embodiment, user interface buttons can be made of metal.In the embodiment that screen uses capacitance touch to detect wherein, it can sample all the time and be ready to respond to any posture or input and without the need to getting involved event, such as, promote physical button.This little biometric monitoring arrangement also can input via use voice command.All these input methods can be integrated in biometric monitoring arrangement in this locality or be integrated into can via in the wired or wireless connection remote-control device that a little biometric monitoring arrangement communicates therewith.In addition, user also may can handle biometric monitoring arrangement via remote-control device.In one embodiment, this remote-control device can have Internet Connectivity.
Alarm
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can serve as wrist An Installed formula vibration alarm undisturbedly user to be waken up from sleep.This little biometric monitoring arrangement can via heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, motion sensing (such as, accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer) and skin temperature in one or combination and follow the tracks of the sleep quality of user, wake-up period, sleep delay, Sleep efficiency, Sleep stages (such as, deep sleep and REM), and/or other sleep calculation of correlation.User can specify required time of fire alarming or time window (such as, setting alarm to sound at 7 in the morning and 8 a.m.).This little embodiment can use one or many person in sleep tolerance to determine that Best Times in window annunciator is to wake user up.In one embodiment, when vibration alarm is movable, user causes it retire or turn off by bouncing or touching by device (it such as detects via the motion sensor in device, pressure/force transducer and/or capacitive touch sensor).In one embodiment, by starting small vibration at specific user's Sleep stages place or the time before alarm settings, the best time of attempting in sleep cycle wakes user to device.It can along with user be towards awakening or the intensity or the explicitly that increase vibration towards alarm settings progress gradually.(see, such as, Fig. 8).
Fig. 8 illustrated example portable biometric measures the functional of monitoring arrangement intelligent alarm feature.Biometric monitoring arrangement can detect the Sleep stages that can detect user or the state (device of (such as, shallow or deep sleep) or can communicate with described device.User can set its time window of hope being waken up (such as, the morning, 6:15 was to 6:45 in the morning).Intelligent alarm can enter sleeping state by user and trigger during window annunciator.
The warning vibration mode that biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to allow user to select or create it to be selected.User can " doze off " or delayed alarm event.In one embodiment, user can set the retardation for " dozing off " feature: described delay is reporting to the police the time quantum before again sounding.It also may can set the number of times that every alarm cycle can activate feature of dozing off.For example, user can select 5 minutes doze off postpone and be 3 maximum number of dozing off continuously.Therefore, its can press doze off 3 times with its at every turn pressing doze off with during delayed alarm by presignal delay 5 minutes.In this little embodiment, doze off the 4th time if user attempts pressing, function of dozing off can not turn off warning.
Some biometric monitoring arrangements can have the information of calendar about user and/or scheduling.The calendar information of user directly can key in biometric monitoring arrangement or it can be downloaded from different device (such as smart phone).This Information Availability is automatically to set warning or warning characteristic.For example, if user in the morning 9 to have a meeting, so biometric monitoring arrangement can automatically the morning 7:30 wake up user with allow user have enough time prepare and/or arrive meeting.The time quantum that the time quantum of cost can be determined needed for user's preliminary conference based on the position of the current location of user, meeting and the position arriving meeting from the current location of user by biometric monitoring arrangement.Or, can use and arrive conference location about user and/or the historical data of the time (such as, it is waken up in the morning, has a shower, the time spent such as to have breakfast) of going to meeting to spend of getting redy to start off determines when to wake user up.Similar functionality can be used for the calendar event being different from meeting, such as eating time, the length of one's sleep, nap time and exercise time.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can use and want the information of when falling asleep to determine when warning should sound to wake user up about user.This information can supplement calendar information as herein described.User can have its target at every night or weekly desired hourage of roughly sleeping.Alarm settings in morning can be met these sleep targets in appropriate time to make user by biometric monitoring arrangement.Except user is except measuring the length of one's sleep desired every night, other sleep target that user also can set can including but not limited to the deep sleep of user's experience when sleeping, REM sleep and hypohyphnotic amount, and all these can by biometric monitoring arrangement in order to determine when set warning in the morning.In addition, it when should be able to go to bed to meet its sleep target night prompting user.In addition, it when should be able to take a nap to meet its sleep target at reminding user in the daytime.Its time that should take a nap of reminding user by the sleep quality of optimizing user during nap, follow-up nap or nighttime sleep because usually determining.For example, if user takes a nap in the morning, so user may have rigid time of sleep at night.Also can advise that user eats some food or beverage or avoids some food or beverage to optimize its sleep quality.For example, user may not be encouraged drinking close to during its bedtime, because ethanol may reduce its sleep quality.Also can advise that user performs some activity or avoids some activity to optimize its sleep quality.For example, user may be encouraged to perform physical exercise to improve its sleep quality in the afternoon.User may not be encouraged close to performing physical exercise during its bedtime or seeing that TV is to improve its sleep quality.
With the user interface of auxiliary device
In certain embodiments, data and/or order can be transmitted into auxiliary electronic device and/or receive data and/or order from auxiliary electronic device by biometric monitoring arrangement.Auxiliary electronic device can communicate with biometric monitoring arrangement directly or indirectly.Direct communication in this article refers to data and to launch between first device and auxiliary device and without any middle device.For example, two devices can communicate with one another via wireless connections (such as bluetooth) or wired connection (such as USB).Indirect communication refers to data transmitting by means of one or more centre the 3rd device (described in its relaying data) between first device and auxiliary device.3rd device can including but not limited to wireless repeater (such as, WiFi transponder), accountant, such as smart phone, laptop computer, desktop or tablet PC, mobile phone tower, computer server and other electronic device of networking.For example, data can be sent to smart phone by biometric device, and described smart phone forwards said data to via the server of Internet connection to described cellular network via cellular network data connection.
In certain embodiments, the auxiliary device serving as the user interface of biometric monitoring arrangement can be made up of smart phone.Application program on smart phone can promote and/or make smart phone can serve as the user interface of biometric monitoring arrangement.Biometric and other data can be sent to smart phone by biometric monitoring arrangement in real time or when having some and postponing.One or more order in real time or can be sent to biometric monitoring arrangement when having some and postponing, such as to indicate it, biometric and other data be sent to smart phone by smart phone.For example, if user enters the pattern of following the tracks of and running in the application, so order can be sent to biometric device and send data in real time to indicate it by smart phone.Therefore, user lingeringly can follow the tracks of its running when it advances without any on its application program.
This type of smart phone can have one or more application program to make user can from its biometric device Dataview.Described application program can start user or be opened to " instrument board " page when opening described application program acquiescently.On this page, can show such as total step number, climb number of floor levels, the summary of the data amount such as the water of mileage of advancing, the calory count of burning, the calory count of consumption and consumption.Also other coherence messages can be shown, the final time of such as application program from biometric monitoring arrangement reception data, the tolerance about the sleep at last night are (such as, when user falls asleep, wake up and the length of one's sleep), and user can take food how many calories to maintain its calorie of target (such as, realizing the calorie deficit target of fat-reducing) on the same day.User can select by these and other measure in which be illustrated on Dashboard screen.User can see these and other tolerance a few days ago on the dash panel.It can be accessed a few days ago by the button on pressing touch screen or icon.Or, such as, the posture such as to stir to the left or to the right and can make user can the current and prior metric of guide to visitors.
Smart phone application program also can have another page of the summary providing User Activity.Activity can including but not limited to walking, running, by bike, cook, be seated, work, swim, go on business, weight lifting, on and off duty and Yoga.Can be presented on this page with these movable relevant tolerance.For example, bar diagram can show the step number (such as, having walked how many steps in every 5 minutes or every 1 hour) that user walks in the different piece on the same day.In another example, can show user perform time quantum that a certain activity spends and at this moment between to have burnt in the cycle how many calories.Be similar to the instrument board page, application program can provide guide to visitors functional with these and other tolerance allowing user to check days past.When also can select such as little by user, minute, week, the moon or year etc. At All Other Times the cycle so that tendency and the tolerance of its activity in shorter or larger time span can be inspected.
Smart phone application program also can have in order to user have been eaten the interface maybe food eaten being charged to daily record.This interface can have keyword search feature wishes to key in the food in its daily record to allow user to find out it fast.As search food replacement scheme or in addition, user can find out by guide to visitors menu or a series of menu the food will charging to daily record.For example, user can select following serial classification: breakfast/frumentum/health/oatmeal is to arrive the food (such as, the oatmeal of apple taste) that it wishes to charge to daily record.Any one place in these menus, user can perform keyword search.For example, user can search for " oatmeal " with search key " oatmeal " in the classification of breakfast food after selecting classification " breakfast ".Selecting after hope to be charged to the food of daily record by it, user can revise or key in component size and nutrient content.After at least one food being charged to daily record, application program can the cycle be (such as sometime, my god) display charges to the nutrient content (indivedual and whole calorie content, vitamin content, sugared content, etc.) of the summary of the food of daily record and described food.
Smart phone application program also can have the page of display about the tolerance (such as, the body weight of user, body fat percentage, BMI, and waistline size) of user's body.It can show one or more curve of one or more trend within the cycle (such as, two weeks) sometime of showing in these tolerance.User can select the value of this time cycle and inspect preceding time period (such as, last month).
Smart phone application program also can have permission user and key in the page that user has consumed how much water.When user drinks some water, its unit can selected by it (such as, ounce, cup, etc.) key in described amount.Application program can show the total amount that user has charged to all water of daily record within the cycle (such as, one day) sometime.Application program can allow user to check previously to charge to the water entry and a few days ago and the daily amount on the same day of daily record.
Smart phone application program also can have the page of the online friend of display user.This " friend " page can make user can add or ask new friend (such as, by search for its name or by its e-mail address).This page also can show the ranking list (leaderboard) of user and friend thereof.User and friend thereof can carry out rank based on one or more tolerance.For example, the total step number that user and friend thereof can be used over seven days carries out rank.
Smart phone application program also can have the page of the tolerance of the sleep shown about user's eve and/or former night.This page also can make user when to go to bed by specifying it and when to wake up and pass by when to sleep and charge to daily record.User also can about the subjective measure (such as, bad night's rest, good night's rest, fabulous night's rest, etc.) of its sleep.User can these tolerance of the today of inspecting over or time cycle (such as, two weeks).For example, the page of sleeping can give tacit consent to the bar diagram showing that user measured in the length of one's sleep at each night of nearest two weeks.User also can inspect the bar diagram that user measured in the length of one's sleep at each night in nearest January.
User also can via to substitute or additional interface accesses the full capacity (such as, can key in food daily record, viewing instrument dash board, etc.) of smart phone application program as herein described.In one embodiment, this alternative interfaces can be made up of webpage, and described webpage is by the trust server with biometric monitoring arrangement indirect communication.Described webpage can use such as web browser supervisor access via any internet connection device.
Wireless connectivity and data are launched
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can comprise in order to the radio communication component from the Internet and/or the transmitting of other device and the information of reception.Radio communication can be made up of one or more interfaces such as such as bluetooth, ANT, WLAN, electric lines of force networking and cell phone networks.These are provided as example, and should not be construed as and get rid of other existing wireless communications method or agreement or the wireless communication technology of not yet inventing or agreement.
Wireless connections can be two-way.Other device be launched, passes on and/or be pushed to its data can by biometric monitoring arrangement, such as smart phone, computer, waits and/or the Internet, such as the webserver etc.Biometric monitoring arrangement also can from other device and/or Internet reception, ask and/or pull (pull) data.
Biometric monitoring arrangement can serve as and the communication being used for other device to be provided to each other or to be provided to the repeater of the Internet.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be connected to the Internet via WLAN and be equipped with ANT radio.ANT device can communicate with biometric monitoring arrangement, with the WLAN via biometric monitoring arrangement, its data is transmitted into the Internet (and vice versa).As another example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be equipped with bluetooth.If the smart phone with Bluetooth function enters in the scope of biometric monitoring arrangement, so biometric monitoring arrangement can transmit data to the Internet via the cell phone network of smart phone or from Internet reception data.Data from another device also can be transmitted into biometric monitoring arrangement and store (or vice versa) or launch in time after a while.
The embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also can comprise for transmit as a stream or transmit network content functional for what show on biometric monitoring arrangement.Below the representative instance of content for this reason:
1. by measurement device but the history curve of the heart rate of remote storage and/or other data
2. by other measurement device and/or remote storage (such as, such as, at the website place as fitbit.com) User Activity and/or consume the history curve of food and/or dormant data
3. the history curve of other usertracking data of remote storage.Example comprises heart rate, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, blood sugar level, cholesterol, the persistent period of seeing TV, the persistent period of playing video game, emotion, etc.
4. based on training and/or the data of going on a diet of one or many person in the heart rate of user, Current body mass, weight targets, food intake, activity, sleep and other data.
5. towards user's progress of heart rate, body weight, activity, sleep and/or other target.
6. the summary statistics of aforementioned data, figure, badge and/or tolerance (such as, " grade ") are described
7. user aforementioned data with have similar device and/or tracking its " friend " class likelihood data between compare
8. social content, such as, push away spy (Twitter) feeding, instant message and/or face book (Facebook) and upgrade
9. other online content, such as newspaper article, constellation, weather report, RSS feeding, comic strip (comic), crossword puzzle, classified advertisement, stock report, and website
10. email message and calendar plan table
Biometric monitoring arrangement can be delivered the content to according to different context.For example, in the morning, can together with the dormant data display news in user eve and weather report.At night, general introduction every day of day's activities can be shown.
The various embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement as herein disclosed also can comprise can in order to functional NFC, the RFID in other device initial or other short-distance wireless communication circuit.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be equipped with NFC antenna to make when user makes itself and mobile phone close proximity, and application program automatically starts on described mobile phone.
There is provided these examples for illustration of and do not wish to limit the scope of data can launched by device, receive or show or any intermediate treatment that can transmit at this and occur during display.In view of the present invention/application program, those skilled in the art can imagine other examples many of the data can transmitted as a stream or via the transmission of biometric monitoring arrangement.
Charging and data are launched
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can use wired connection for internal rechargeable batteries charging and/or transfer data to the such as host apparatus such as laptop computer or mobile phone.In the embodiment being similar to the embodiment comparatively early discussed in the present invention, biometric monitoring arrangement can use magnet to help user and biometric monitoring arrangement is registered to base or cable.The magnetic field of magnet in base or cable and the magnet in device self can be strategically directed to force biometric monitoring arrangement and base or cable (or more particularly, adapter on cable) autoregistration, and provide and biometric monitoring arrangement kept in the base or remains to the power of cable.Magnet also can be used as charge or data launch the conductive junction point of object.In another embodiment, permanent magnet only can be not used in biometric monitoring arrangement self for base or cable side.This can use at biometric monitoring arrangement the performance improving biometric monitoring arrangement when magnetometer.If there is magnet in biometric monitoring arrangement, so, the high-intensity magnetic field of permanent magnet may make the more difficult magnetic field making the magnetometer Measurement accuracy earth significantly.In this little embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can utilize ferrous iron material to replace magnet, and the magnet on base or cable side can be attached to ferrous iron material.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can contain one or more electromagnet in biometric monitoring arrangement main body.For charge and data launch charger or base also can contain electromagnet and/or permanent magnet.Biometric monitoring arrangement is only when it just can connect its electromagnet close to when charger or base.Sign and the nearness of detection and base or charger in the magnetic field that biometric monitoring arrangement searches the permanent magnet in charger or base by use magnetometer.Or biometric monitoring arrangement detects the nearness of charger from the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the wireless signal of charger or base or the NFC be associated with described charger or base by identification in certain embodiments or RFID marker by measuring.When device do not need charging, synchronous or but it has completed synchronous or charging time, can electromagnet be put upside down, thus produce the power repelling described device from charging cables or base.In certain embodiments, charger or base can comprise electromagnet, and can be configured (such as, processor in charger or base can be configured via programmed instruction) to connect electromagnet when connecting biometric monitoring arrangement for charging, (electromagnet can keep connecting to make the biometric monitoring arrangement be placed on charger be attracted against charger because of electromagnet usually, or electromagnet can keep turning off until charger is determined to be placed on charger by biometric monitoring arrangement, such as via completing charging circuit, pick out the NFC labelling etc. in biometric monitoring arrangement, and then connect to attract biometric monitoring arrangement against charger.In charging complete, (or data transmission completes, if charger/data that the data that are actually charger transmit bracket or combination transmit bracket) after, at once can turn off electromagnet (temporarily or until again detect be placed on charger by biometric monitoring arrangement), and biometric monitoring arrangement can stop being attracted against charger.In this little embodiment, the interface between directed biometric monitoring arrangement and charger may be needed, make when there is not the magnetic force produced by electromagnet, biometric monitoring arrangement will drop from charger or otherwise be displaced to visibly different position (visually to indicate charging or data transmission to complete to user) from charge position.
Sensor during data transmit uses
In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise the communication interface that can switch between two or more agreements with different pieces of information emission rate and different capacity wear rate.The data-driven that this switching can be obtained by the various sensors from biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, if use bluetooth, the so determination that can make in response to the data based on the sensor from biometric monitoring arrangement of communication interface and switching between use bluetooth basic rate/enhancing data rate (BR/EDR) and bluetooth low-yield (BLE) agreement.For example, when sleeping from the sensing data instruction wearer of the accelerometer in biometric monitoring arrangement or otherwise sitting time, lower-wattage, slower BLE agreement can be used.By contrast, when the sensing data instruction wearer from the accelerometer in biometric monitoring arrangement just gets around, higher-wattage, faster BR/EDR agreement can be used.This self-adapting data lift-off technology and functional be discussed further on March 5th, 2014 application the 61/948th, in No. 468 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case had previously been incorporated herein by reference and the content again hereby pointed out about the self-adapting data transfer rate place in biometric monitoring arrangement and being incorporated to by reference in " cross reference to related application " part.
This little communication interface also can serve as the sensor of a kind of form for biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, wireless communication interface can allow biometric monitoring arrangement to determine number and the type of the device in the scope of wireless communication interface.These data can in order to determine biometric monitoring arrangement whether in specific context, such as, indoor, in the car, etc., and determine in response to this and change its behavior in every way.For example, discussing as in the 61/948th, No. 468 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case (being above incorporated to by reference), this little context can in order to drive the selection of the particular wireless communication protocols being used for radio communication.
Configurable function of application
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can comprise wrist-watch sample form factor and/or bracelet, arm decorations or ankletbangle form factor, and able to programmely has " application program " that provide particular functionality and/or display customizing messages.By various ways (including but not limited to pressing button, use capacitive touch sensor, perform detected by accelerometer posture, move to and measured monitoring arrangement main body (producing the pressure signal that can be detected by the altimeter of biometric monitoring arrangement inside in device inside thus) by the ad-hoc location of GPS or motion sensor senses or region, compression biological, or biometric monitoring arrangement is placed close to the NFC labelling be associated with an application program or one group of application program) start or close application program.Also (including but not limited to high heart rate being detected, use that humidity sensor detects water (such as to start swimming application program), certain time of day (such as to start the change of application program is followed the tracks of in sleep, plane is left or land pressure and kinetic characteristic to start and to close " aircraft " model application program at night) automatically triggers and starts or close application program by some environment or physiological condition.Also by meeting multiple condition to start or close application program simultaneously.For example, if accelerometer detects that user is just running and user presses button, so biometric monitoring arrangement can start podometer application program, altimeter data collects application program and/or display.Accelerometer detects swimming and under user presses another situation of same button, it can start swimming one way counting application program wherein.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can have by start swimming application program and start swimming tracing mode.In this mode, the motion sensor of biometric monitoring arrangement and/or magnetometer can in order to detect stroke, classification stroke type, to detect swimming one way, and other calculation of correlation, such as paddling efficiency, one-way time, speed, distance and caloric burn.Changed can be turned round method in order to detect multiple one way by magnetometer indicated direction.In a preferred embodiment, the data from motion sensor and/or pressure transducer can in order to detect paddling.
In another embodiment, by biometric monitoring arrangement being moved close to being arranged on bicycle, be positioned on the bearing of bicycle or start application program by bike at the NFC of the position be associated with bicycle (including but not limited to cycle frame or bicycle storing facility) or RFID marker.(see, such as, Figure 10).The application program started can use the algorithm different from the algorithm of the usual tolerance in order to determine the height above sea level including but not limited to the calorie burnt, travel distance and acquisition.Also can start application program when wireless bicycle sensor (including but not limited to wheel detector, GPS, step sensor, or energy meter) being detected.Biometric monitoring arrangement can then show and/or record the data from wireless bicycle sensor or bicycle sensor.
Additional application is including but not limited to able to programme or customizable watch face, stop viewing, music player controller (such as, MP3 player, remote controller), text message and/or Email display or notifying device, navigation guide pin, bicycle computer display is (when communicating with independent or integrated form GPS device, when wheel detector or energy meter), weight lifting tracker, abdominal crunch tracker, chin-up tracker, resistance exercise form/body-building tracker, golf amplitude of oscillation analyzer, tennis (or other racket sports) amplitude of oscillation/service analyser, tennis game amplitude of oscillation detector, baseball amplitude of oscillation analyzer, delivery analyzer (such as, football, baseball), physical activity intensity tracker (such as, football in a organized way, baseball, basketball, tennis, rugby), throw dish analyzer, sting food detector, typewriting analyzer, inclination sensor, sleep quality tracker, alarm clock, piezometer, nervous/to loosen biofeedback game (such as, combination provides audition and/or visual cues with the mobile phone of training user to breathe in relaxation training potentially), to brush teeth tracker, feed rate tracker (such as, counting or tracking utensil enter the mouth speed and the persistent period of carrying out absorption in kind), drunk or the fitness indicator of operating motor vehicles is (such as, via heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest responds, gait analysis, riddle, etc.), irritated tracker (such as, uses skin pricktest response, heart rate, skin temperature, pollen sensing etc. (may in conjunction with from such as the Internet the former tracking of outside seasonal allergic and may determine that user to the anaphylactogen of particular form (such as, pollen) response, and the existence of this little anaphylactogen of reminding user, such as, from seasonal information, pollen track database, or in biometric monitoring arrangement or the home environment sensor that used by user), fever tracker (such as, measures fever, the risk of flu or Other diseases, outbreak or progress, may in conjunction with Seasonal Data, disease database, the feedback that customer location and/or user provide assesses the diffusion of specified disease (such as, influenza) about user, and may responsively point out or the restraining of suggestion work or activity), electronic game, caffeine affects tracker and (such as, monitors such as heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest responds, skin temperature, blood pressure, nervous, sleep and/or to coffee, tea, energy drink and/or other containing the activity in the absorption of beverage of caffeine or the short-term of restraining or long-term response), (such as, be similar to previously mentioned caffeine tracker but intervene about other, whether it is medical treatment or lifestyle drug, such as ethanol to drug influence tracker, Nicotiana tabacum L. etc.), endurance exercise training (such as, is recommended or points out intensity, the overview of persistent period or running/by bike/swimming body-building, or restraining or the delay of advising body-building, such as, according to the target that user specifies, marathon, iron-man triathlon or utilization are from such as history exercise activity (such as, running distance, stride), heart rate, changes in heart rate, the target of the data customization of health/disease/anxiety/fever condition), body weight and/or health composition, blood glucose, food intake or calorie balance tracker (such as, inform the user it and can consume how many calories to maintain or to realize certain body weight), podometer, and fingernail biting detector.In some cases, application program can only depend on processing power of the present invention and sensor.In other cases, application program can merge or only show the information from an external device (ED) or one group of external device (ED) (including but not limited to heart rate bandage, GPS range tracking element, body body composition meter (bodycompositionscale), blood pressure monitor, blood glucose monitor, wrist-watch, intelligent watch, the such as mobile communications device such as smart phone or tablet PC, or server).
In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can control the music player on auxiliary device.The aspect of controllable music player including but not limited to the selection of volume, song and/or playlist, F.F. or retrogressing (skippingforwardorbackward), song fast forward or rewinding, song speed, and music player equalizer.Via user's input or automatically can control music player based on physiology, environment or context data.For example, user can select by selecting song via the user interface on biometric monitoring arrangement and play the song on its smart phone.In another example, biometric monitoring arrangement can automatically select suitable song based on the level of activation of user (calculating described level of activation from biometric monitoring arrangement sensing data).This can in order to help to excite user to maintain a certain level of activation.For example, if user continues run and want to be remained on by its heart rate in a certain scope, so biometric monitoring arrangement can play song (if the heart rate of user is lower than its target zone) that is cheerful and light-hearted or fair speed.
By the automatic function of the activity-triggered of user
Sleep stages trigger functionality
Sleep stages, such as heart rate, changes in heart rate, body temperature, body kinematics, ambient light intensity, ambient noise level etc. can be monitored via various biometric signal disclosed herein and method.Other sensor that optical pickocff, motion sensor (accelerometer, gyro sensor, etc.), mike and thermometer and (such as) are discussed can be used herein to measure this little biometric.
Biometric monitoring arrangement also can have communication module, including but not limited to Wi-Fi (802.xx), bluetooth (classical, low-power) or NFC.Once estimate Sleep stages, Sleep stages can be transmitted into the cloud system, home server or the main control unit that are wirelessly connected to the electrical equipment (by Wi-Fi, bluetooth or NFC) with communication function.Or biometric monitoring arrangement directly can communicate with the electrical equipment with communication function.This electrical equipment a bit with communication function can comprise such as kitchen electrical equipment, such as microwave oven, coffee grinder/maker, baking box etc.
Once Sleep stages indicates the time of waking up close to user, biometric monitoring arrangement just can send triggering item and indicate the electrical equipment of answering automatic operation to user.For example, coffee grinder and maker can be caused to start to make coffee, and baking box can be made to start to heat bread.Microwave oven also can be caused to start to cook oatmeal or egg, and electric kettle start to heat up water.As long as prepare each several part rightly, this automatic signal can trigger breakfast cooking.
Remind and detect
Prompting (such as low prompting) can be made drowsy relevant to people, also can detect described prompting from listed biometric above, and described prompting can start automatically to infuse coffee in order to trigger the electrical equipments such as such as coffee maker.
Hydration
The level of activation of user can be directly submitted to cloud system, home server, main control unit or electrical equipment by portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement combining movement horizon tracker.These can some actions of activating electrical equipment, and especially relevant with hydration action, the ice cube such as starting refrigerator makes, or reduces the operative temperature of water purifier.
Power is saved
Many electrical equipments operate with the low-power power idle of consumed power usually.Use the aggregation information of the biometric signal of user, the electrical equipment with communication function can be caused to enter ultra low power pattern.For example, user sleeping or go out work time, but the water dispenser self in family is closed to ultra low power pattern, and once prospective users activity at home, just can begin to cool down/heating water.
The restaurant recommendation system of position-based and activity
The polymerization of real-time biological metering signal and positional information can in order to produce about the valid supposition (such as ion beverage) of one or more user at the needs of preset time.Combine these needs inferred and the historic user data of food intake data charging to daily record about User Activity level, Activity Type, activity time and active duration and user, the application program on smart phone and/or intelligent watch can be recommended the restaurant of the life style and current needs meeting user.
For example, the user just having completed six miles of touring races can start this application program.Application program can be known this person and maintain high level of activation in one hour in the past, and thus determines that described people may dewater.From historic user data, application program also can be known in the meals of such as user has too much vegetable but sugar is low.By considering the optimized algorithm of the current location of user, Price Range and other factors referred to above, application program can recommend the restaurant such as providing Sorbet (smoothie).
Swimming is followed the tracks of
In some embodiments of biometric tracking means, biometric is followed the tracks of can comprise swimming algorithm, it can utilize from one or more motion sensor, altitude sensor (such as, barometric pressure sensor), orientation sensor (such as, magnetometer), the data of location-based service sensor (such as, GPS, radio triangulation) and/or temperature sensor.Described sensor can Qian Ru An Installed in the single assembly of such as wrist.In other embodiments, additional sensor apparatus can be attached to the forehead of swimmer, the rear portion of head, protective eye lens, the back of the body, hip, shoulder, thigh, lower limb and/or foot.
Three potential function components that swimming exercise is analyzed are as follows:
● paddling count detection---provide the paddling of every one way to count, wherein one way is defined as and passes through to the unidirectional of end opposite from the one end in pond.
● paddling classification of type---the stroke type of user is described (such as, crawl, breaststroke, backstroke, butterfly stroke, breathing arm, tread (kickingwithoutstroke), straight draw (bodystreamline), Deng), and any one or the combination that can be in following each:
A. the classification of each paddling of user's employing
B. the classification of the main paddling type of each complete one way use.
C. the classification of paddling type that uses of each mark one way (freestyle swimming of such as 1/2nd one way, the breaststroke of 1/2nd one way)
● one way counts---the one way that user passes counted.Determine a method of one way when is turned round in pond by detecting user.
Turn round the 180 degree of changes being defined as direction of advance.Detect turn round time, the beginning of deducibility one way and end.Some place before again starting to swim in pond (usually at one end or other place) suspends (without motion within the cycle sometime) and also thinks to turn round, as long as direction of advance is subsequently contrary with the direction of advance before time-out.
In certain embodiments, numerous mode these function components can be combined.
Algorithm structure
Can successively, parallel or mix described three function components that order (combinations of some sequential block and some parallel frames) performs swimming exercise analysis.
Sequential grammar (see Figure 15 A)
In one embodiment, first original and/or pretreated sensor signal can be analyzed by paddling detector algorithm.Paddling detector algorithm can use time peak value (local maximum and/or local minimum) in motion sensor (such as, accelerometer, gyroscope) as the instruction taking paddling.Then, one or more heuristic rules can also be applied to remove the peak value not representing paddling.For example, the value of peak value, the time gap of two contiguous peak values, peak value can indicate some peak value not represent paddling to the morphological character (such as, definition) of peak amplitude and/or peak value.When sensor provides data (such as 3 axis accelerometers of more than one dimension, or 3 axis movement sensors+altimeter (amounting to 4 number of axle certificates)) time, can consider that the sequential of the peak value on all axles and sizes related are to determine whether the peak value on one or many person in described axle is produced by paddling.
If observe a group peak value of the single peak value of expression paddling or the multiple data axles from expression paddling, so feature can be extracted from data segments previous peak being detected and the time between present peak value that detects obtains.Feature including but not limited to the ripple number in maximum and minima, section, the power (such as, L1 power and L2 power, standard deviation, average) measured in various tolerance, etc.The feature extracted then can stand machine learning system, wherein calculated off line coefficient of combination (supervised learning) or when user uses biometric monitoring arrangement adaption systems coefficient (unsupervised learning).The paddling that machine learning system can then detect for each returns paddling classification.
Turn round detector algorithm by calculating derivative, rolling average and/or using the flip-flop come the high-pass filtering of the signal of sensor (described sensor is including but not limited to those sensors listed in the present invention) in searching moving.Also and/or alternatively Principal Component Analysis (PCA) can be performed to signal.If a fundamental component is different from the next one, so can determine to turn round generation.Such as the coefficient all or in part of the conversion such as fast fourier transform (FFT) also can be used as feature.Such as oneself also can be used to return the parameter models such as (AR) model.Then linear prediction analysis (LPA), least means square (LMS), recursive least-squares filtering (RLS) and/or Kalman Filter Estimation time-varying model parameter can be used.Then the model parameter of estimation is compared to determine whether there is flip-flop in its value.
In one embodiment, the skill level of swimmer and/or swimming pattern (such as, speed) can be inferred from sensing data, and are then used in and turn round detection.For example, senior swimmer has stronger paddling (that is, large accelerometer peak magnitudes) usually, and adopts less paddling to carry out an one way.Therefore, estimate that the skill level of swimmer or the tolerance of characteristic can be used for turning round detection algorithm.These tolerance can including but not limited to mean motion signal or integrated motor message in motor message, and in particular, the arm of senior swimmer moves, estimate pace and detecting pattern.Skill level or other characteristic of swimmer also can be determined via user's input.For example, user can input it for senior, intermediate or abecedarian swimmer.
Can whether have and turn round characteristic in order to detect data-oriented sample and/or adjacent data sample from these of analyzing perhaps many (combination) features.For obtaining the best of breed of feature and decision boundary, can machine learning techniques be utilized, such as logistic regression, decision tree, nerve net, etc.
In certain embodiments, turn round if detected, data of so swimming naturally increase from can summarizing and previously having turned round, the number of such as paddling, for each paddling and paddling type, split time for one way, etc.If do not detect and turn round, so renewable paddling enumerator and type.Except non-user stops swimming, otherwise algorithm can get back to paddling count detection.
Parallel method (see Figure 15 B)
In parallel method, some or all in three functional units can be performed concurrently.For example, can jointly perform paddling type detection and turn round detection, and run paddling count detection independently.
In this little embodiment, can detect at the same time in paddling type and the single algorithm turned round and implement two functional units: paddling type and turn round detection.For example, stroke type (such as, detect freestyle swimming, breaststroke, backstroke, the mobile of butterfly stroke analyze) and the grader of turning round type (such as, flip turn (tumbleturn), flip crawl turn (flipturn), two handss touch) can return detected paddling type or detected turn round type.Between detection period, can extraction time and spectrum signature.First moving window can be applied to multiple data axle.Then the statistic of this window section can be calculated, that is, the number of the ripple in maximum and minima, section, the power (such as, L1 power and L2 power, standard deviation, average) measured in various tolerance.Independent component analysis (ICA) and/or Principal Component Analysis (PCA) can be applied equally to find to represent better any hiding signal turning round type and paddling similar properties.Then signal from then on (can be improved) potentially and represent feature computation time.For temporal characteristics, various nonparametric filters solutions, low-pass filtering, bandpass filtering, high-pass filtering can be applied to strengthen desired signal characteristic.
Also the spectrum analyses such as such as FFT, wavelet transformation, Hilbert (Hilbert) conversion can be applied to this through section of windowing.Conversion coefficient may be selected to be feature all or in part.The parameter model of such as AR, rolling average (MA) or ARMA (oneself returns and rolling average) model can be used, and the parameter of this class model can be found via auto-correlation and/or partial auto correlation or LPA, LMS, RLS or Kalman filter.Estimated all or part of of coefficient can be used as feature.
The rolling average window of different length can parallel running, and provides listed feature above, and also all or part of of described feature can be used as feature.
Then machine acquistion coefficient (supervised learning) can be applied to these and extract feature.Can train and then use one or more machine learning techniques, be i.e. multiple layers (such as, logistic regression) of binomial linear discriminant analysis, multinomial logistic regression, nerve net, decision tree/forest or support vector machine.
Along with paid close attention to window moves, feature can be extracted, and the feature of these new extractions will return paddling type or turning round of detecting via machine learning system.
Paddling detector algorithm independent of paddling type and can turn round detection and parallel running.Detect by heuristic rules and select original or through the time peak value of pre-filtering sensor signal.
In the summary stage (in the described stage, can determine, show and/or store the tolerance about swimming) of algorithm, can by after-treatment applications in described sequence paddling type and turn round detection.If confirm to turn round with a certain confidence level, so can summarize from the swimming metric data previously turned round together with detected paddling counting.If turn round unconfirmed, so rolling average window can proceed.Until user stops swimming, algorithm can continue to upgrade to be measured about the swimming of the exercise of user, including but not limited to the change of the paddling number in the average paddling number of the sum of the sum of the sum turned round, one way, paddling, every one way, last one way, every one way paddling number, etc.
Mixed method (see Figure 15 C and 15D)
In mixed method, can run paddling type and paddling count detection concurrently, be turn round detection subsequently.
Paddling type detection can return paddling type via the coefficient of machine learning.The fragment of the sensor signal that the first moving window is desirable.Can feature be extracted subsequently, or the whole feature of moving window feature cited herein or subset.The off-line of machine learning coefficient, training can be applied to described feature subsequently to determine which paddling type produces the given fragment of sensor signal.
Paddling count detection side by side can be run together with paddling type detection.
Once paddling type and counting be detected, can perform by the subset of cited whole feature or feature and turn round detection.
If detect and turn round, the swimming being recorded in user that completes so can enclosed one is summed up in tolerance.Rear process can be applied to the paddling type that detects to determine the most outstanding paddling type of completed circle.Algorithm is movable to paddling type and count detection stage subsequently, except non-user stops swimming.If do not detect and turn round, so described algorithm can continue the paddling type and the counting that upgrade current circle, until detect and turn round.
Blood sugar level and heart rate
The biometric monitoring arrangement measuring biometric signal continuously can provide the meaningful information of situation before the disease about disease, progress and recovery.This little biometric monitoring arrangement can have sensor and correspondingly executing arithmetic to measure and to calculate biometric signal, such as heart rate, heart rate variability, the step number of carrying out, the calorie burnt, the distance of advancing, body weight and body fat, activity intensity, active duration and frequency etc.Except measured biometric signal, customer-furnished food intake record can be used.
In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement Observable heart rate and the change along with the time thereof, especially before food intake event and afterwards.Known heart rate affects by blood sugar level, and it is well known that, elevated blood glucose levels is prediabetes situation.Therefore, the mathematical model of the relation between time (after food intake) and blood sugar level that description passes can be found out via statistical regression, wherein collect data to provide corresponding mathematical model from normal condition, prediabetes and diabetic individual.By described mathematical model, individuality whether healthy, the prediabetes or suffer from diabetes with specific heart can be predicted.
Be realised that the many heart failure be associated with prediabetes or diabetic conditions, likely inform the possible heart failure of this little risk further to the user of biometric monitoring arrangement based on the biometric data of user, such as coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease etc.
Can also use when forming mathematical model recommended exercise policy (policy that such as, provided by American Heart Association (
http:// www.heart.org/)) consider the activity intensity of user, type, persistent period and frequency, using as the independent variable of " probability " of outbreak controlling disease.Many policies about nutrition and Weight management also can be used for science and for general public with angiocardiopathy preventing and diabetes.Can this little policy be incorporated in mathematical model together with the user data along with time integral, the composition of food that described user data such as consumes for user and body weight and body obesity trend.
If user to store and its kinsfolk is set as its friend by the social network sites showing biometric data, so also can analyze kinsfolk and obtaining the probability of disease and inform result to user.
Except inform the latency development of disease to user except, the life style of recommending of the menu comprising exercise regime and have more healthy composition and transmission method can be supplied to user.
Grocery store's shopping, culinary art and the unification of food record
Grocery store's tissue and menu identification system
Receipt from grocery store's shopping can contain abundant information, especially about the dietary habit of individuality.For example, the innovative system of will carry out combining from the information of grocery store's receipt and the biometric data as the individuality collected by biometric monitoring arrangement is presented herein.Described system can be collected and be analyzed the data (information) about individuality, and can recommend subsequently can change individual life style to improve the option of their health status.The enforcement of this system can relate to cloud computing, for sensing and the hardware platform exploitation of interface and movement/Website development.
In one embodiment, when user checks out in grocery store, grocery store's list (as obtained from receipt or (such as) from email receipt or invoice) automatically can be transmitted into remote data base (such as, Cloud Server), described remote data base also can store the biometric data of user.When user to family and when organizing project in their refrigerator and/or pantry, application on their smart phone/wrist-watch can recommend which project (such as, maybe may go bad if food item is expired) abandoned in pantry or refrigerator based on the historical data about food item.Instruction food is out of date or should consume in a short time to avoid corrupt prompting can be automatically transmitted to user independent of this type of interaction.For example, whenever meeting a certain threshold value (such as, at milk by expired two days), just these promptings can be issued to user.Also by except prompting being sent to user by the means except smart phone/wrist-watch.For example, by network interface, by Email, by laptop computer, tablet PC, desktop PC, or with to maintain and/or described prompting is presented to user by prompting on other electronic installation any that the computer of analyzing food database directly or indirectly communicates.
By use food item through upgrading list and based on the history food consumption data of user, menu can be recommended user by described application.In one embodiment, can to use first eat project (such as, expired at it, rotten or become more stale than other composition before) menu give priority.In order to recommend nutrition balances, correct to distribute and the best menu decided according to the activity of user, described application still can analyze the activity data of user.For example, if user's weight lifting in the morning, so high-protein diet can be recommended.In another example, if user is not very movable, the caloric number that the size that so can reduce menu contains to reduce final meals.
It should be noted that can by these application of policies in the multiple users sharing identical food and/or meals.For example, can be the food database that one family creates combination, if make in family member obtain egg from grocery store and another member family obtains milk, so both egg and milk will represent in food database.Similarly, nutrition preference (such as, vegetarian, to some food allergy etc.), movable, basal metabolic rate and total caloric burn can be used for forming the recommendation to preparing and/or buy what food/menu.
Biometric signal including (but not limited to) heart rate and heart rate variability can provide the instruction of the precondition to disease.This Information Availability is bought in recommendation user, consume and/or prepare certain food, to reduce it the suffering from risk that it has the disease of precondition.For example, if user has the precondition of cardiac problems, so it can be recommended them to buy more vegetable, consume less fat-containing food, and to need the method for less oil (such as, not deep-fried) to prepare food.
Control " intelligent appliance "
In another embodiment, various household electrical appliances can all possess Wi-Fi function, and can with server communication.Because application (it can be connected to described household electrical appliances via (such as) cloud or the Internet) may be known refrigerator and contains which food item, to reduce with based food project so described application can communicate with refrigerator or to raise the temperature of refrigerator.For example, if numerous food product project is more responsive to cold, such as vegetable, so can instruction refrigerator raised temperature.Described application also can also directly communicate with refrigerator via bluetooth, BTLE or NFC.
Food record
The food menu that described application also can be recommended based on grocery store's Shopping List (its can (such as) list for maintaining in described application) and described application and the project of the food being recorded as user is provided.At the meals of cooking in advance (such as, freezing meal) or before eating without any need for the agricultural product of further process, user can input their food size (or when user when eating whole meals, user may not need input food size) simply and will complete food record subsequently.Because grocery store's list or menu provide definite brand and the labelling of some food, so nutritional information more accurately can be recorded in the account of user.
When user record passes through the food item of cooking in accordance with applying the menu of advising, described application can calculate nutritional information from composition and cooking process.This can provide than end product/meals simple tissue more accurately to calorie take in estimation, because many menus exist with the food preparing particular type, such as, the meat ball of Italian noodle made by useful medicated beer, turkey, Carnis Sus domestica etc., and described meat ball can comprise carbohydrate in various degree.
The sports metering of sensor device is used to obtain
In certain embodiments, sensor can be arranged on the rackets such as such as tennis racket, thus contribute to the different paddlings measuring player.This is applicable to great majority (if not all) racket motion, including (but not limited to) tennis, racquetball, squash, table tennis, shuttlecock, lacrosse etc., and the motion played with bat as baseball, softball, cricket etc.Similar technology also can be used to measure the different aspect of golf.Such device can be arranged on the bottom of racket, on handle or usually be arranged on the shock absorber on cord.This device can have various sensor, such as accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, strain transducer and/or mike.The host computer system that can store in this locality from the data of these sensors or wirelessly be transmitted on smart phone or other wireless receiver.
In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, the wrist installing type biometric monitoring arrangement comprising accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, mike etc. can perform the similar analysis of game to user or motion.This biometric monitoring arrangement can take to be worn on the form of wrist-watch in the wrist of user or other belt.Can use and measure or detect bat or the shock moment between racket and ball and this data wireless is transmitted into the racket of wrist installing type biometric monitoring arrangement or bat installing type sensor can be used for by measuring the accuracy improving this little algorithm with the collision time of ball exactly.
Wrist and racket/bat installing type device can contribute to the different aspect of game measuring user, including (but not limited to) the number of the number of paddling type (forehand, counterattack, service, tiltedly to hit), forehand, counterattack, ball direction of rotation, on revolve, the angular velocity, recoil, hit energy, impact concordance etc. of percentage ratio of serving a ball, racket head.Mike or strain transducer can be used as the supplementary moment identifying ball impact racket/bat of accelerometer.In cricket and baseball, such device can measure recoil, the angular velocity, offside to the impact number on lower limb side (baseball) of bat when clashing into.The number and the number of defence to attack paddling that swing and lose ball can also be measured.Such device can also have wireless transmitter this statistical data be transmitted in real time scoreboard or be transmitted into the individual device of being held by spectators.
Wrist or racket installing type device can have a small amount of button (such as, two), and it can be used indicate tennis when to win or when the error of unforced occurs by player.This will allow algorithm to calculate winner and as the mark of error of forehand to the unforced of counterattack.Described algorithm also can follow the tracks of the number of the ace in tennis to double fault.If two players use this type systematic, so described system also automatically can follow the tracks of score.
Based on the ECG of handle grip for bicycle bar
In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, the electrode contacted with left hand and the electrode contacted with the right hand (such as, ECG heart rate measurement) can be used to monitor the heart rate of user.Because need user to catch the either side of contact handle bar by bike, so this specific activities is suitable for using ECG technology to follow the tracks of user's heart rate well.By being embedded in by electrode in handlebar or handlebar handle or tape, when user holds handlebar, just can measure the heart rate of user.For the bicycle (contrary with use handlebar tape) with handle, electrode can be incorporated in the special handle that can be used for replacing existing handle (such as, being generally the handle that nonconducting factory installs).Left handle and right handle can be electrically connected to (such as) and use electric wire to measure the electronic device of ECG signal.When handlebar self-conductive, handlebar can be used for the one in handle being electrically connected to the electronic device measuring ECG signal.The electronic device measuring ECG signal can be incorporated in the one or both in handle.Or the electronic device measuring ECG signal can be arranged in independent shell.In one embodiment, this independent shell can be arranged on handle grip for bicycle bar or handle.It can have function and sensor (such as, velocity sensor, step sensor, GPS sensor) that typical bicycle computer has.It also can have atypical sensor, such as air velocity transducer, GSR sensor and acceierometer sensor (being also incorporated into potentially in handlebar).This embodiment can use technology described in the present invention to carry out computational activity tolerance, including (but not limited to) caloric burn, and these tolerance is transmitted into secondary and three stage arrangements (such as, smart phone and server).
In the part that the electrode of ECG can be incorporated into bicycle or adnexa, instead of be incorporated in handle tape and handlebar handle, such as, be incorporated into glove, brake cover, brake lever, or in handlebar self.These electrodes or extra electrode can be used to measure GSR, body fat and hydration using supplementing or substituting as heart rate.In an example, the conductive filament in the handle tape being sewn on and handlebar is installed (as ECG electrode) can be used to measure the heart rate of user.Handle tape electrode can be connected to central bicycle computer unit, and described central bicycle computer unit contains electronic device to measure GSR, hydration and/or heart rate.Biometric monitoring arrangement can show this information over the display.If the hydration of user or heart rate exceed a certain threshold value, so can reminding user drink more, drink less, gain in strength or reduce intensity.When bicycle computer only measures the one or both in GSR, hydration or heart rate, algorithm can be used estimate the tolerance that cannot directly measure.For example, if biometric monitoring arrangement only can measure heart rate and duration of exercise, so can use the combination of heart rate and duration of exercise to estimate hydration and when user should drink water reminding user.Similarly, reminding user when can use heart rate and duration of exercise should eat or drink thing (such as, sports drink) in addition to water user.
Indirect measurement is estimated
Bicycle computer measures multiple tolerance usually, including (but not limited to) speed, step, power and wind speed.When portable monitoring device do not measure these tolerance or not with can supply these devices measure communicate, the sensor that has of described portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can be used to infer that these and other is measured.In one embodiment, described portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can measure heart rate.It can use this measured value to infer/amount of power of estimating user positive output.Age, other tolerance such as height and body weight of such as user can contribute to informing dynamometry value.The speed that such as GPS measures, height above sea level increase/reduce, bicycle posture (measuring inclination or the gradient on slope), and the extra sensing data such as accelerometer signal can be used for informing that power is estimated further.In one embodiment, the relation of the approximately linear between heart rate and Power output can be used to calculate the Power output of user.
In one embodiment, when user from portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement and when can be used as baseline between alignment epoch but obtain data at the secondary device that time does not after a while use, calibration phase (such as, energy meter) can be there is.This can allow the relation between the sensing data determining to be measured by portable monitoring device and the sensing data measured by secondary device.Subsequently when there is not secondary device to calculate by secondary device but the estimated value of the data clearly do not provided by biometric monitoring arrangement time, this relation can be used.
The Automatic dispatching of based upon activities
In one embodiment; requirement of the advancing (working that can be user scheduling every day based on the information in the calendar of user (or Email or text message); come off duty, between meeting), target meets daily routines target or long term activity of earthquake target.The historical data of user can be used to help plan meet target and also have required both transit times.This feature can combine with friend or work together.Described scheduling can so complete, and friend is met with on the road that user can be gone to work in its walking, or on Na Tiaolu, meets with colleague carry out meeting (but user may need set meeting point).If there is real-time Communication for Power between the biometric monitoring arrangement and the friend of user of user, if indicate their friend to run more late from the data of the biometric monitoring arrangement of friend, the route that so bootable user's walking is longer.
In another embodiment, (all or part of) walking/running/healthy route can be advised based on the nearness of user and user to user.For these data of recommending a bit also can or extraly based on the GPS information from other users.If there is real-time Communication for Power, so user can be directed to the busy route of preference or quiet route.Be realised that and system recommendations route can be allowed to come the health level of match user and desired exercise/effort level about the heart rate of other users and basic health and fitness information.This information can again for planning to user/guide the activity/health objectives of longer-term.
Position/background sensing and application
By one or more method, the embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement disclosed herein has the sensor of position or the background (such as, in bus, in the car) can determining or estimate biometric monitoring arrangement at home.Dedicated location sensor can be used, such as GPS, GLONASS or other GNSS (GLONASS) sensor.Or cocoa uses the sensor of lower accuracy to infer, estimate or guess position.Be difficult in some embodiments of the position knowing user wherein, user's input can assist the position and/or background of determining user.For example, if sensing data makes to be difficult to determine that user is in the car or in bus, so biometric monitoring arrangement or the portable electron device communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement or the Cloud Server that communicates with biometric monitoring arrangement can present inquiry to user, thus ask user that they ride in a bus or by bus today.Similar inquiry can be carried out for the position except vehicle background.For example, if sensing data indicating user completes strenuous exercise, but there is not the position data that indicating user goes to body-building shop, so can ask user whether they have gone to body-building shop today.
Vehicle transport detects
In certain embodiments, the portable electron device that can use the sensor of biometric monitoring arrangement and/or communicate with biometric monitoring arrangement and/or the Cloud Server that communicates with biometric monitoring arrangement are to determine that user is or once in the vehicle (if there is) of what type.It should be noted that in the examples below, the sensor in one or more biometric monitoring arrangement communication and/or portable electron device can be used for sensing coherent signal.It shall yet further be noted that and can use the such as specific network protocols such as WiFi or bluetooth in the following description, also can use one or more alternative protocols such as such as RFID, NFC or cellular phone etc.
In one embodiment, can use the detection of the blue-tooth device be associated with vehicle to infer that user is in vehicle.For example, user can have the automobile having bluetooth multimedia system.When user and their automobile touch obtain enough near and long enough cycle, sensor device can the bluetooth recognition of identification multimedia system and hypothesis user in the car.Data from other sensor can be used to confirm the hypothesis of user in vehicle.Can use from the data of other sensor or signal to confirm that user's example in the car comprises higher than the GPS velocity measurement of 30mph and the accelerometer signal as characteristic in the car.The intrinsic Information Availability of bluetooth ID is in the Wi-Fi router or the type of vehicle that determine that it is vehicle.For example, the bluetooth ID of the router in automobile can be " Audi's car inner multimedia ".Keyword " Audi " or " car " can be used for conjecture router and are associated with type of vehicle " automobile ".Or, the data base of vehicle that can use bluetooth ID and be associated.
In one embodiment, by the user of biometric monitoring arrangement or the data base of vehicle that created by portable communication appts data or upgrade bluetooth ID and be associated.This can the auxiliary lower of user's input and/or do not have user to input auxiliary under complete.In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement can determine its whether in vehicle, type of vehicle or particular vehicle and do not use bluetooth ID and it runs into the bluetooth ID of movement together with vehicle, so it can be sent to central database being the bluetooth ID corresponding with vehicle by catalog classification by bluetooth ID with about the information of vehicle.Or, if user the input of previous time point about they or once vehicle wherein information and there is the time durations that indicates them once in described vehicle user or close to the bluetooth ID run into during the described time, so bluetooth ID and information of vehicles can be sent to central database and be associated with each other.
In another embodiment, can use the detection of the Wi-Fi device be associated with vehicle to infer that user is in that vehicle or type of vehicle.Some trains, bus, aircraft, automobile and other vehicle have Wi-Fi router wherein.Can detect and use the SSID of router to infer or assist deduction user in particular vehicle or type of vehicle.
In one embodiment, the user of applicable biological metering monitoring arrangement or the data base of vehicle that created by portable communication appts data or upgrade SSID and be associated.This can the auxiliary lower of user's input and/or do not have user to input auxiliary under complete.In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement can determine its whether in vehicle, type of vehicle or particular vehicle and do not use SSID and it runs into the SSID of movement together with vehicle, so biometric monitoring arrangement can be sent to central database being the SSID corresponding with vehicle by catalog classification by SSID with about the information of vehicle.Or, if user the input of previous time point about they or once vehicle wherein information and there is the time durations that indicates them once in described vehicle user or close to the SSID run into during the described time, so SSID and information of vehicles can be sent to central database and be associated with each other.
In another embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement, the track of user can be determined by use location sensor.The data base of this track from the route being used for different passage mode can be compared subsequently.Passage mode can including (but not limited to) walking, running, by bike, drive, ride in a bus, by train, take advantage of tramcar, take the subway, and/or by motorcycle.If the track of user is well corresponding with the route of special pass pattern, so can suppose that user once used described passage mode during passing through the time cycle that described route spends.It should be noted that the speed of the section of route or route can improve the conjecture to passage mode.For example, bus and automobile both can adopt same routes, but bus can allow device to determine in the extra stop that bus station locates, and user once rode in a bus instead of automobile.Similarly, by bike and the differentiation between a route of driving assist by the typical differences of described speed between the two.When this speed difference also can be depending on day.For example, some routes can be slower due to automobile during peak period.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can detect user in vehicle or at du vehicule based on the measurement in the magnetic field of vehicle.In certain embodiments, also can use the magnetic field of the position (such as, railway station, subway station, bus stop, garage) be usually associated with vehicle sign to infer user current, will or in vehicle.Magnetic field signature can be non-time-varying or time become.
If determine user once in fact within cycle a period of time in vehicle, so can revise about user other tolerance with reflection state.Such as carried out step number can be measured at biometric monitoring arrangement and/or portable electron device, the activity metric such as distance, the height above sea level climbed and/or the calorie that burns that institute walk or runs, can be revised these based on the information of advancing about vehicle and measure.If user in vehicle period any carried out step number or the height above sea level climbed by record improperly, so can be removed from the record of the tolerance about user.Also can remove from the record of the tolerance about user the tolerance derived from the step number of the carrying out of recording improperly or the height above sea level climbed, the calorie that such as advanced Distance geometry burns.When determining that user is whether in vehicle in real time or quasi real time, can close detection not should in vehicle time measure tolerance (such as, the step number carried out or the stair climbed) sensor, or the algorithm can closed for measuring these tolerance, thus the tolerance preventing from recording improperly (and saving electric power).Should note, can record about vehicle use tolerance (such as, which bar route is the type of the vehicle taken advantage of, the time of taking advantage of, take, and route cost is how long) and after a while for presenting these data to user and/or correcting other the movable and physiological measurements about user.
Use the location sensing of bluetooth
Biometric monitoring arrangement also can use the method being similar to method as described above to determine that when user is close to static position.In one embodiment, the bluetooth ID from the computer (such as, tablet PC) at restaurant or shop place can be used for the position determining user.In another embodiment, the semifixed bluetooth ID from portable communication appts (such as, smart phone) can be used to determine the position of user.When semifixed bluetooth ID source, multiple bluetooth ID can be needed to reach the acceptable level of confidence of the position of user.For example, the data base of the bluetooth ID of the colleague of user can be created.If user is arranged in the scope of some persons of these bluetooth ID during the typical working time, so can suppose that user is in work.Also can use and two users are recorded to the detection of other bluetooth ID when meet by chance.For example, determine that user goes out to go jogging together with another user by analyzing pedometer data and bluetooth ID.This similar a little concept on March 5th, 2014 apply for the 61/948th, discuss in further detail in No. 468 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases, and be previously incorporated to by reference about this little concept.
The uncertain tolerance of location-based GPS
When sensor signal and gps signal being merged with estimated information biometric (such as, step number, pace of life, speed, or the path of route), the quality of gps signal usually has an informedness very much.But, become when known gps signal quality is, and the one affected in the factor of signal quality is surrounding.
Use location information can carry out estimating GPS signal quality.Server can the map of memory area type, and number and kind wherein by worsening the object of gps signal carry out predefined area type.Described type can be such as: heavy construction object area, small building object area, open area, by aqua region and wood land.When GPS sensor is opened, several location estimation (its expection is more rough and incorrect) these area types can be inquired before it.Estimated by the coarse GPS of position, possible area type can be returned, and these area types can be considered when calculating gps signal q&r subsequently.
For example, if user urban canyons (by high constructure around region) in (such as, urban district, San Francisco) or near, so low definitiveness may be associated with any GNSS position measurement.This definitiveness can after a while by attempting at least partly determining that the algorithm of the track of user, speed and/or elevation uses based on gps data.
In one embodiment, the data from one or more GNSS sensor can be used automatically to create the data base of position and gps signal quality.By GNSS track and street map being compared and checking when GNSS sensor shows that user advances along street (such as, having the speed of 10mph or higher) but its track is not positioned at the characteristic on road, and automatically perform this and compare.Also can wherein there is high constructure from showing, the deterministic data base of GPS based on apparent position inferred by the map of valley or intensive forest.
Use the location sensing of vehicle GNSS and/or dead reckoning
Many vehicles have integrated form GNSS.The user without the vehicle of integrated form GNSS is usually their automobile purchase GNSS, and described GNSS is arranged in the visual field of driver usually non-permanently.In one embodiment, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can communicate with the GNSS system of vehicle.When the monitoring arrangement of portable biometric metering is wherein also for tracing positional, it can from vehicle GNSS receiving position information.It can enable biometric monitoring arrangement close the GNSS sensor (when it has described sensor) of himself, therefore reduces its power consumption.
Except GNSS position is detected, vehicle can launch and/or its data relative to the orientation in magnetic field of the earth directed about its steering wheel, using supplementing of its speed measured as such as using tire size and tire rotation speed.This Information Availability performs dead reckoning to determine track and/or position in the GNSS system at vehicle without GNSS system or vehicle cannot obtain reliable position measurement.The positional information that boat position is inferred can supplement the GNSS sensing data from biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can reduce its frequency to GNSS data sampling, and fills the position determined by dead reckoning in gap between GNSS position data.
The step counter data fusion determined with satellite-based position
In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, can by the data fusion from various different sensors together to provide newly seeing clearly of the activity of the wearer about biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, data from the altimeter in biometric monitoring arrangement can with by performing peak detection analysis to the accelerometer data of the accelerometer from biometric monitoring arrangement, the step enumeration data that obtains combines, with the wearer determining biometric monitoring arrangement when (such as) stair climbing or walk to go up a slope (with sit elevator or escalator or smooth ground of passing by relative).
In another example of Data Fusion of Sensor, the data from such as discussed above step counter can carry out the fine estimation combining to be provided in given window total distance of advancing with the distance measure derived from gps data.For example, Kalman filter can be used to combine based on the distance of GPS or speed data and based on the distance of step counter or speed (using the step number of carrying out to be multiplied by span), to obtain meticulous distance estimations, described meticulous distance estimations comparable separately based on the distance of GPS or velocity measurement or based on the distance of step counter or velocity measurement more accurate.In another embodiment, the smoothing constant as the function of the leg speed rate by (such as) accelerometer measures can be used as to carry out filtering to the distance measure based on GPS.This little embodiment is discussed further in the 61/973rd of application on April 1st, 2014 the, in No. 614 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases, described application case had previously been incorporated in " cross reference to related application " joint in this article by reference, and described application case is incorporated to about aiming at the content that uses the distance of data or velocity estimation from satellite-based navigation system and step sensor for countering to become more meticulous by reference at this again.
Biometric and environment/exercise performance correlation
Some embodiments of portable monitoring device described herein can detect several data, comprise biometric data, environmental data and activity data.To this data analysis all or user can be presented to the analysis of promotion to the degree of association between the data of two or more type.In one embodiment, the heart rate of user can be relevant to car speed, by bike speed, velocity, swimming rate or walking speed.For example, can be presented on to user and X-axis draws speed by bike and the chart drawing heart rate in Y-axis.In another example, the music that can listen to user of the heart rate of user is relevant.Biometric monitoring arrangement receives the data of once listening to what music about user by the wireless connections (such as, bluetooth) to auto radio.In another embodiment, but biometric monitoring arrangement also self serves as music player, and therefore can record when play which song.
Weight lifting is assisted
When there is no personal coach or partner auxiliary, may be difficult to suitably complete weight lifting routine.Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement by transmit to user they should go up lift each weight how long, they should how soon lifting heavy, how soon they should reduce weight and will perform the number of times of the repetition that each lifts, and can complete weight lifting routine by assisted user.Biometric monitoring arrangement can use one or more EMG sensor or strain transducer to measure the muscle contraction of user.Also by measuring the vibration of one or more body part (such as, use accelerometer), the antiperspirant of one or more body part (such as, use GSR sensor), rotate (such as, use gyroscope), and/or the temperature sensor on one or more body part, infer the muscle contraction of user.Or sensor can be placed in weight lifting equipment from when lifting to determine to use with it, and they lift or reduce speed, they lift the lasting time, and the number of repetition that their executed is lifted.
In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement or weight lifting equipment detect user just close to their failed limit (when user no longer can support weight), so weight lifting equipment can automatically lifting heavy or prevent weight from reducing.In another embodiment, the mechanical hand communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement or weight lifting equipment can automatically lifting heavy or prevent weight from reducing.This can allow user self pushed to their limit and do not need partner/witness (be used for lifting heavy in the event of a failure) and not from the injured risk falling weight.
Blood sugar level monitors auxiliary
In certain embodiments, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can be configured to the auxiliary user's (such as, diabetics) needing to monitor its blood sugar level.In one embodiment, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can infer the blood sugar level of user or the tolerance relevant to the blood sugar level of user indirectly.Can use except being generally used for sensor the supplementing or substituting or assisting as it as typical blood glucose supervision method monitored except the sensor of blood glucose supervision (using continuous print or discrete finger to puncture the sensor of type).For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can to user reminding, they should check its blood sugar level based on the data from the sensor measurement on biometric monitoring arrangement.If user has performed the activity of certain type in certain hour amount, so their blood sugar level may reduce, and therefore, biometric monitoring arrangement can display alarm, produce audible prompts, or vibration, thus their blood glucose of reminding user may be lower and they should use typical blood glucose measuring device (such as, finger punctures the blood glucose monitor of type) to check blood glucose.Biometric monitoring arrangement can allow user to input the blood sugar level measured from blood-glucose meter.Or, can by blood sugar measured the 3rd device (such as, smart phone or server) being automatically transmitted into biometric monitoring arrangement and/or directly or indirectly communicating with biometric monitoring arrangement.This blood sugar measured can be used for, informs the algorithm used by biometric monitoring arrangement is to determine when the prompting of next blood sugar level should be delivered to user.They also can eat by user, eating or planning to eat the device what food is input to biometric monitoring arrangement or directly or indirectly communicates with biometric monitoring arrangement.This information also can be used for determining when to check their blood sugar level by reminding user.Other tolerance described herein and sensing data (such as, heart rate data) also can be used either individually or in combination to determine when to check their blood glucose by reminding user.
Except reminding when checking blood sugar level, biometric monitoring arrangement also can show the estimation of current blood glucose level.In another embodiment, can by secondary device (such as, smart phone or server) use and present to user (such as from the data of biometric monitoring arrangement with the blood sugar level of estimating user and/or by these data, by showing described data on smart phone, on webpage, and/or pass through via data described in radio transmitting).
Biometric monitoring arrangement also can be used for making exercise, diet relevant to blood sugar level with other factors.This can understand these factors to the front of their blood sugar level or counter productive by assisted user.Different devices can be used (such as by user, finger punch through style monitor or continuous blood sugar monitor), by biometric monitoring arrangement self, and/or by deduction blood sugar level or the tolerance relevant to blood sugar level using other sensor, measure the blood sugar level relevant to activity.In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, user can wear continuous blood sugar monitoring arrangement and biometric monitoring arrangement.Data about movable and blood sugar level can automatically be uploaded to the 3rd accountant (such as, server) by these two devices.Server can present to user with data described in post analysis and/or by described data, makes the relation of user clearly between their activity and blood sugar level.Described server also can receive the input (such as, user can input them and eat what food) of the diet about user and make described diet relevant to blood sugar level.Understand by helping user the blood sugar level how diet, exercise and other factors (such as, nervous) affect them, biometric monitoring arrangement can assist the user suffering from diabetes.
UV exposes detection
In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can monitor the individual exposure to UV radiation.By one or more sensor measurement UVA and UVB.For example, the photodiode with the band filter only making UVA pass through can detect UVA and expose, and the photodiode with the band filter only making UVB pass through can detect UVB exposure.Camera or reflexometer (determining that luminous reflectance leaves optical transmitting set and the photodetector of the efficiency of skin) also can be used to measure the cutaneous pigmentation of user.Use UVA, UVB and cutaneous pigmentation data, biometric monitoring arrangement can provide the information of the UV exposed amount be subject to about it to user.Biometric monitoring arrangement also can provide about to the over-exposure of UV, sunburn probability and increase the estimation of probability or the warning of its risk of skin cancer.
The screen power using user to there is sensor is saved
Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can have one or more display so that information is presented to user.In one embodiment, the sensor on biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that user is just using biometric monitoring arrangement and/or wearing biometric monitoring arrangement to determine the state of display.For example, the biometric monitoring arrangement with PPG sensor can use PPG sensor as proximity sensor to determine when user wears biometric monitoring arrangement.If user adorns oneself with biometric monitoring arrangement, the typicalness that so state (such as, color LCD screen) of screen can be turned off from it changes to " connection " or " stand-by ".
Save relative to the power of satellite-based position determination system
In some embodiments, be included in some system in biometric monitoring arrangement may with the power of the relatively large amount of other system phase specific consumption in biometric monitoring arrangement.Owing to the little space constraint of many biometric monitoring arrangements, this can have a strong impact on the overall cell charge life of biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, in some biometric monitoring arrangements, satellite-based position determination system can be comprised.Whenever the data acquisition location using satellite-based position determination system to use from gps satellite group, it uses the power drawn from biometric monitoring arrangement battery.Biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to change the frequency that satellite-based position determination system is located based on the data acquisition of one or more sensor from biometric monitoring arrangement.This adaptive location frequency functionalities can help power saving still to allow satellite-based position determination system to provide location with useful interval (in due course) simultaneously.
For example, if biometric monitoring arrangement has ambient light sensor, eucoen metering monitoring arrangement may indoor but not in outdoor to determine illumination condition for the data that so can use from ambient light sensor.If in indoor, so biometric monitoring arrangement can cause location frequency to be set to level lower than seeming eucoen metering monitoring arrangement spendable location frequency when outdoor at illumination condition.This has the effect reducing the location number of times that biometric monitoring arrangement is attempted when indoor, and therefore unlikely uses satellite-based position determination system to obtain good location.
In another example, if the wearer of the motion sensor eucoen metering monitoring arrangement of biometric monitoring arrangement maintains static in fact, such as sleep or cardinal principle are not moved and are greater than several feet per minute, the location frequency of so satellite-based position determination system can be set to and measure the wearer of monitoring arrangement at the volley (such as than motion sensor eucoen, from a position walking or run to another location, such as, be mobilely greater than several feet) the low level of situation.
In a further example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to determine in fact whether biometric monitoring arrangement worn by people, if not, so location frequency can be set to than biometric monitoring arrangement in fact by level that situation about wearing is low by biometric monitoring arrangement.Can such as the exercise data eucoen metering monitoring arrangement collected from the motion sensor of biometric monitoring arrangement maintain static in fact (such as, even show wearer sleep or sitting time biometric monitoring arrangement experience little mobile time also not maintain static) time or carry out whether being determined by this wearing about biometric monitoring arrangement when the data instruction such as from heart rate sensor does not detect heart rate.For optics heart rate sensor, if there is few change in the light quantity detected in light detecting sensors at light source switches and when turning off, so this can indicate the following fact: heart rate sensor does not compress the skin of people, and infers that biometric monitoring arrangement is not worn.This self adaptation satellite-based position determination system location frequency concept is discussed in the 61/955th of application on March 18th, 2014 the in more detail, in No. 045 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case had previously been incorporated herein by reference and the content again hereby pointed out about power saving place in the context of satellite-based position determination system and being incorporated to by reference in " cross reference to related application " part.
There is the many concepts and embodiment that describe and illustrate herein.Although describe in this article and some embodiment, feature, attribute and advantage are described, should be understood that from describing and obviously many other and different and/or similar embodiment, feature, attribute and advantage being described.Thus, above embodiment only provides as an example.It is not intended to detailed or limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, technology, material and/or configuration.According to the present invention, many amendments and change are possible.Should be understood that and can utilize other embodiment, and operation change can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.Thus, scope of the present invention is not limited in above description, because present the description of above embodiment for the object illustrated and describe.
Importantly, the present invention had both been not limited to any single aspect or embodiment, was also not limited thereto any combination and/or the arrangement of a little aspect and/or embodiment.In addition, each in aspect of the present invention and/or embodiment can be used individually or in conjunction with one or many person in other side and/or embodiments of the invention.For for purpose of brevity, will not discuss individually in this article and/or the many persons in those arrangements and combination are described.
Claims (30)
1. a circuit, it comprises:
Photodetector, it is for receiving light and producing first signal of telecommunication based on the described light received;
Controller, it is for generation of one or more first control signal and one or more second control signal;
First commutation circuit, it has at least the first configuration and the second configuration, and described first commutation circuit is used for:
Second signal of telecommunication is received based on described first signal of telecommunication,
Receive one or more first control signal; With
Switch in the middle of at least described first configuration configures with described second based on described one or more first control signal;
First sample circuit, samples the value of described second signal of telecommunication it is for being in described first configuration during in described first commutation circuit; And
Surround lighting eliminates circuit, it is for generation of the 3rd signal of telecommunication to offset the first component of described first signal of telecommunication at least in part, and described 3rd signal of telecommunication is the value based on described one or more second control signal and described second signal of telecommunication by described first sample circuit sampling.
2. circuit according to claim 1, wherein said surround lighting is eliminated circuit and is included in described surround lighting and eliminates adjustable impedance level between the second terminal that the first terminal of circuit and described surround lighting eliminate circuit, and described adjustable impedance level is used for providing adjustable impedance to adjust described 3rd signal of telecommunication based on described one or more second control signal.
3. circuit according to claim 2, wherein:
Described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network has at least the first impedance path having the first impedance and the second impedance path having the second impedance; And
Described surround lighting is eliminated circuit and is comprised the second commutation circuit further, and described second commutation circuit is used for switching in the middle of at least described first impedance path and described second impedance path based on described one or more second control signal.
4. circuit according to claim 1, comprises the second sample circuit further, samples it is for being in described second configuration during in described first commutation circuit to the value of described second signal of telecommunication.
5. circuit according to claim 4, comprises the A/D converter ADC for producing digital voltage signal based on described second signal of telecommunication sampled by described second sample circuit further.
6. a device, it comprises:
Circuit according to claim 5; And
Optical transmitting set, it is for sending light towards the skin region of user.
7. device according to claim 6, one or more 3rd control signals comprised further based on being produced by described controller are the drive circuit that described optical transmitting set is powered, wherein said 3rd control signal drives described optical transmitting set during causing the interval of described drive circuit when described first commutation circuit is in described second configuration, and wherein said 3rd control signal causes described drive circuit after described second sample circuit samples described second signal of telecommunication and turned off described optical transmitting set before described first commutation circuit is switched to described first configuration.
8. device according to claim 6, wherein said optical transmitting set and described circuit are arranged in the shell worn by described user at least in part.
9. a circuit, it comprises:
Photodetector, it is for receiving light and producing first signal of telecommunication based on the described light received;
Controller, it is for generation of one or more first control signal and one or more second control signal;
First commutation circuit, it has at least the first configuration and the second configuration, and described first commutation circuit is used for:
Second signal of telecommunication is received based on described first signal of telecommunication,
Receive one or more first control signal; With
Switch in the middle of at least described first configuration configures with described second based on described one or more first control signal;
Gain adjustable circuit, adjust described 3rd signal of telecommunication it is for being in described first configuration during in described first commutation circuit with the gain relative to described second signal of telecommunication of described first signal of telecommunication adjustment, described 3rd signal of telecommunication is based on described first signal of telecommunication and described one or more second control signal; And
First sample circuit, samples the value of described second signal of telecommunication it is for being in described first configuration during in described first commutation circuit.
10. circuit according to claim 9, comprises the A/D converter ADC for producing digital voltage signal based on described second signal of telecommunication sampled by described first sample circuit further.
11. circuit according to claim 10, wherein said digital voltage signal represents the heart beating of user.
12. circuit according to claim 9, wherein said gain adjustable circuit comprises:
The first terminal;
Second terminal; And
Adjustable impedance level, its between described the first terminal and described second terminal for providing adjustable impedance to adjust described 3rd signal of telecommunication based on described one or more 3rd control signal.
13. circuit according to claim 12, wherein:
Described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network has at least the first impedance path having the first impedance and the second impedance path having the second impedance; And
Described gain adjustable circuit comprises the second commutation circuit further, and it is for switching in the middle of at least described first impedance path and described second impedance path based on described one or more second control signal.
14. circuit according to claim 9, comprise the second sample circuit further, sample it is for being in described second configuration during in described first commutation circuit to the value of described second signal of telecommunication.
15. circuit according to claim 14, comprise surround lighting further and eliminate circuit, its for generation of the 4th signal of telecommunication to be positioned at described first configuration in described first commutation circuit time offset the first component of described first signal of telecommunication at least in part, described 4th signal of telecommunication is based on one or more 3rd control signal and the described value of described second signal of telecommunication that sampled by described second sample circuit.
16. circuit according to claim 15, wherein said surround lighting is eliminated circuit and is included in described surround lighting and eliminates adjustable impedance level between the second terminal that the first terminal of circuit and described surround lighting eliminate circuit, and described adjustable impedance level is used for providing adjustable impedance to adjust described 4th signal of telecommunication based on described one or more second control signal.
17. circuit according to claim 16, wherein:
Described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network has at least the first impedance path having the first impedance and the second impedance path having the second impedance; And
Described surround lighting is eliminated circuit and is comprised the second commutation circuit further, and described second commutation circuit is used for switching in the middle of at least described first impedance path and described second impedance path based on described one or more 3rd control signal.
18. circuit according to claim 9, wherein:
Described first signal of telecommunication is current signal;
Described second signal of telecommunication is voltage signal; And
Described circuit comprises current-to-voltage convertor further, is converted to described second signal of telecommunication for by described first signal of telecommunication.
19. 1 kinds of devices, it comprises:
Circuit according to claim 9; And
Optical transmitting set, it is for sending light towards the skin region of user.
20. devices according to claim 19, one or more 3rd control signals comprised further based on being produced by described controller are the drive circuit that described optical transmitting set is powered, wherein said 3rd control signal drives described optical transmitting set during causing the interval of described drive circuit when described first commutation circuit is in described first configuration, and wherein said 3rd control signal causes described drive circuit after described first sample circuit samples described second signal of telecommunication and turned off described optical transmitting set before described first commutation circuit is switched to described second configuration.
21. devices according to claim 19, wherein said optical transmitting set and described circuit are arranged in the shell worn by described user at least in part.
22. 1 kinds of methods, comprising:
Cause commutation circuit to be converted to second from the first configuration by controller to be configured to enable the first sample circuit;
By photodetector testing environment optical signal;
The first detection signal is produced based on described ambient light signal by described photodetector;
By described first sample circuit, described first detection signal is sampled;
Light emitted signal is sent by optical transmitting set;
Cause described commutation circuit to be converted to described first from described second configuration by described controller to be configured to enable the second sample circuit;
The incident optical signal comprised from the transmitting component of described light emitted signal and the context components from described ambient light signal is detected by described photodetector;
The second detection signal is produced based on described incident optical signal by described photodetector;
Eliminate the described first detection signal generation offseting signal of circuit based on sampling by surround lighting, described offseting signal is in order to offset the context components of described second detection signal at least partially;
Described second detection signal is sampled when the described context components of described second detection signal is cancelled by described second sample circuit; And
Output signal is provided based on described second detection signal through sampling.
23. methods according to claim 22, comprise further:
Enforcement of rights requires that the method described in 22 reaches and repeatedly circulates; And
The described output signal provided by A/D converter digitized is to provide digitized voltage signal.
24. methods according to claim 23, wherein said digital voltage signal represents the heart beating of user.
25. methods according to claim 22, comprise further and produce at least one physiological measurements based on described output signal.
26. methods according to claim 22, comprise further:
By the impedance of described controller setting gain adjustable circuit; And
There is provided gain adjust signal to adjust the gain of described second detection signal by described gain adjustable circuit based on set described impedance.
27. 1 kinds of methods, comprising:
By optical transmitting set to send light emitted signal;
By the impedance of controller setting gain adjustable circuit;
Cause commutation circuit to be converted to second from the first configuration by described controller to be configured to enable the first sample circuit;
The incident optical signal of the transmitting component comprised from described light emitted signal is detected by described photodetector;
The first detection signal is produced based on described incident optical signal by described photodetector;
The gain of described first detection signal is adjusted when providing gain adjust signal in order to be in described second configuration in described first commutation circuit by described gain adjustable circuit based on set described impedance;
Described first detection signal is sampled when described first commutation circuit is in described second configuration and when adjusting the described gain of described first detection signal by described gain adjust signal by described first sample circuit; And
Output signal is provided based on described first detection signal through sampling.
28. methods according to claim 27, comprise further:
Enforcement of rights requires that the method described in 27 reaches and repeatedly circulates; And
The described output signal provided by A/D converter digitized is to provide digital voltage signal.
29. methods according to claim 28, wherein said digital voltage signal represents the heart beating of user.
30. methods according to claim 27, comprise further and produce at least one physiological measurements based on described output signal.
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| US14/290,884 | 2014-05-29 | ||
| US14/290,884 US9044149B2 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2014-05-29 | Heart rate data collection |
| CN201410243180.6A CN104207761B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Heart rate data is collected |
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| CN201610284612.7A Active CN105852841B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Heart rate data is collected |
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| CN105852841B (en) | 2019-06-18 |
| CN104207761A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
| CN104207761B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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