CN105319225A - Scanning method for achieving high-resolution large-view-field CL imaging of plate-shaped samples - Google Patents
Scanning method for achieving high-resolution large-view-field CL imaging of plate-shaped samples Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a scanning method for achieving high-resolution large-view-field CL imaging of plate-shaped samples. The method includes the steps that parameters are input, the number and the mode of spliced subimages are adjusted and determined, data are collected and spliced, and results are output. Projection data are collected through segmented scanning of the plate-shaped samples under the high-amplification-ratio condition, and high-resolution large-view-field faulted images of the large-area plate-shaped samples are finally obtained through the image splicing method in a square field-character-shaped or hexagonal honeycomb-shaped mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of X-ray computer demixing scan imaging (computedlaminography) technology, espespecially a kind of being used for carries out high resolving power, large visual field fault imaging to plaques, belongs to the scan method realizing the wild CL imaging of plaques high-resolution large-viewing of X ray CT image checking.
Background technology
Computed tomography technology (CT-computedtomography), through the development of over half a century, plays an important role in fields such as medical treatment, industry, safety inspections.Detected object due to Medical CT is human body or organ substantially, its morphological feature and density information have specific rule and scope, and accuracy of detection only need reach medical diagnosis accuracy requirement, but because ray is harmful, one of current Medical CT main direction of studying how under the prerequisite ensureing accuracy requirement, to improve scan efficiency, reduces the radiation dose of patient.Compared with Medical CT, the detected object of industry CT widely, from micron-sized integrated circuit to the large-scale workpiece more than a meter, from low-density sample to the heavy metal material etc. of high atomic number; In addition, to comprise defect detection, dimensional measurement, structure detection etc. different for testing goal.This just make the industrial CT system of different purposes radiographic source used, ray detector and system architecture even profile etc. have nothing in common with each other.
Conventional cone beam CT, by the restriction of scan vision, generally requires that the size detecting sample must within the scope of scan vision.If sample is excessive, need suitably to reduce amplification ratio, the resolution of sacrificing image completes scanning.In recent years, in order to solve the problem of conventional CT large visual field scanning imagery, publication number is CN101135655A, name is called in the Chinese invention patent application of " Cone-Beam CT is to the blocked scan rebuilding of large object image-forming and space assembly method ", propose one and blocked scan is carried out to large object, border extension is carried out to truncated data and fills up rear partial volumetric reconstruction, the more assembled method obtaining the fault imaging of large object.Publication number is CN1643371A, name is called in the Chinese invention patent application of " system and method for the large field-of-view objects of imaging ", propose a kind of imaging device, realize " many scan tracks " scanning object by the position of moving source and detector, final realization carries out imaging to the object being greater than vision detector.Publication number is, CN101427924A, the scanning of a kind of segmented taper bundle is proposed in the Chinese invention patent application that name is called " segmented taper bundle CT image obtains the method for complete anatomic image by splicing ", and the method for complete anatomic image is obtained by splicing, the method is applicable to the object that sweep object is long cylinder structure.Yan Bin etc. are in its " the wild imaging reconstruction Summarize of Algorithm of Cone-Beam CT ultraphotic " paper write, and describe evolution and the current situation of the wild reconstruction algorithm of ultraphotic in recent years, it is classified to super field-of-view objects: long materials, wide object and large object.Although method set forth above to some extent solves the large visual field imaging problem of some long materials and large object, for being long materials, be also wide object, the large object of the tabular that namely length and width yardstick is large, thickness is thin, does not propose solution.
In practical application, many tabular objects, as objects such as the honeycomb adhesive fishplate bar on multilayer board, aerospace vehicle, solar panel, tabular fossils, because its length and width yardstick is large, the feature that thickness is thin, cannot carry out tomoscan because X ray may cannot penetrate sample along long axis direction in regular industrial CT.X ray computer demixing scan imaging technique (CL-computedlaminography) is compared with X ray computer Tomography technology (CT-computedtomography), its feature is, X ray penetrates object at thickness direction, is conducive to detecting flat object.Fig. 1 is a kind of Scan Architecture of CL system, its advantage adopts non-coaxial mode to scan, ray passes along the direction angled with plaques normal, object and detector are synchronized with the movement, rotation sweep obtains a series of digital projection figure, the position that this scan mode allows sample to be placed on distance light source nearer obtains larger amplification ratio, and higher spatial resolution.Fig. 3 is the Scan Architecture of another kind of CL system, data acquisition in the process that Objects around A rotating shaft rotates, similar with the mode of Fig. 1.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: under CL scan pattern, the mode of application blocked scan, gather the data for projection of each subdivision of tabular large sample, utilize corresponding image reconstruction algorithm and image mosaic mode, obtain the wild faulted scanning pattern of high-resolution large-viewing of sample, thus realize the object such as structure, defects detection to tabular large sample.
For solving the problem, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of scan method realizing the wild CL imaging of plaques high-resolution large-viewing, is applied to a kind of scanister of CL system, described scanister comprises x-ray source, objective table, flat panel detector, pivoted arm, fixed mount;
Three-dimensional coordinate system xyz set up by described scanister, and initial point is x-ray source, i.e. o point; And set up rotating coordinate system x1y1z1, initial point is x-ray source, i.e. o point, wherein:
The plane at described flat panel detector place all the time with oy1 linear vertical, and the angle of x1 axle and x-axis is θ, 0 °≤θ < 360 °; The angle of y1 axle and y-axis is
transformational relation between rotating coordinate system x1y1z1 and three-dimensional coordinate system xyz is:
Described scanister measuring targets is utilized to carry out blocked scan, the translation motion of adjustment objective table in x, y-axis direction, described object under test is made to be that turning axle moves in a circle with z-axis, and flat panel detector is synchronized with the movement with pivoted arm and described object under test, make to scan the different piecemeal of object under test successively;
According to setting θ angle and
angle situation, to walk around arm 0 degree to 360 degree scope inward turning, utilizes described flat panel detector to gather the piecemeal data for projection of required angle, carries out splicing reconstruction to obtain the faultage image of described object under test to gathered data for projection.
According to above-mentioned design, multiple square or hexagon is divided into by described object under test to carry out blocked scan, obtain the data for projection of described each piecemeal of object under test, cross sectional reconstruction, image mosaic are carried out to these data for projection, finally obtains the wild faultage image of high-resolution large-viewing of described object under test.
According to above-mentioned design, when described flat panel detector gathers the piecemeal data for projection of required angle, take the mode of step motion, gather the data for projection of the sub-visual field of each piecemeal under different rotary angle respectively, and store.
According to above-mentioned design, when described flat panel detector gathers the piecemeal data for projection of required angle, blocked scan mode and specification can be selected according to the data for projection under low amplification ratio condition.
According to above-mentioned design, in described faultage image splicing reconstruction step, utilize FDK reconstruction algorithm or iterative reconstruction algorithm, rebuild the faultage image in each the sub-visual field;
According to above-mentioned design, concrete operation step comprises: A input system initial parameter; B selects image mosaic mode; C calculates movement locus; D data acquisition; E image mosaic.
According to above-mentioned design, describedly on objective table space three-dimensional direction, do translation motion, specifically comprise: described objective table utilizes the amplification ratio of the motion adjustment object under test in z-axis direction, and utilize x, the motion in y-axis direction carries out blocked scan, circuit orbit motion or other mode of motion are realized, to realize projecting to the blocked scan of described object under test by interpolation.
According to above-mentioned design, the plane of described flat panel detector is perpendicular in the central beam of described flat panel detector with described x-ray source all the time, and described flat panel detector keeps synchronous with the motion of described objective table.
The present invention can realize the fault imaging of large area plaques, adopt under high amplification ratio condition plaques blocked scan recording projection data, utilize square " matts " or hexagon " cellular " mode to carry out the method for image mosaic, finally obtain the wild faultage image of high-resolution large-viewing of plaques.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of scanister structural representation of CL system;
Fig. 2 is a kind of coordinate system schematic diagram of CL system;
Fig. 3 is the scanister structural representation of another kind of CL system;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of two kinds of piecemeal connecting methods in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the implementation step schematic diagram of matts connecting method in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the translation motion schematic diagram of matts connecting method in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is two kinds of situation schematic diagram of cellular connecting method in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the implementation step schematic diagram of cellular connecting method in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the translation motion schematic diagram of cellular connecting method in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is cellular in the embodiment of the present invention and matts piecemeal and the sub-visual field contrast schematic diagram;
Scan mode and joining method concrete operation step schematic diagram in Figure 11 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the sample of three leaf oar shapes;
Figure 13 is under low amplification ratio condition, and sample entirety is carried out to the result of imaging, wherein a gets middle layer faultage image; B gets data line display;
The result that Figure 14 obtains with blocked scan, cellular connecting method in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 15 analog chip sample structure schematic diagram;
The analog chip fault imaging result that Figure 16 obtains with existing scan mode;
The analog chip fault imaging result that Figure 17 obtains with piecemeal splicing scan mode of the present invention.
Embodiment
The exemplary embodiments embodying feature & benefits of the present invention will describe in detail in the following description.Be understood that the present invention can have various changes in different embodiments, it neither departs from the scope of the present invention, and explanation wherein and to be shown in be use when explain in essence, and be not used to limit the present invention.
The present invention proposes a kind of collecting method carrying out image mosaic scanning for tabular large sample, geometric parameter per sample and characteristic information etc., select square " matts " or hexagon " cellular " blocked scan, obtain the data for projection of object various piece, cross sectional reconstruction, image mosaic are carried out to data for projection, finally obtains the wild faultage image of high-resolution large-viewing of tabular large sample.The connecting method of square " matts " is simple and convenient, time few for splicing sub-visual field number, can select " matts " joining method." cellular " connecting method is flexible and changeable, and the faultage image utilization factor ratio " matts " in the antithetical phrase visual field splices high by 30% (shown in Figure 10), for to irregularly shaped sample or when needing the sub-visual field number of splicing more, be better than " matts " connecting method.
Described method is based on the system architecture shown in Fig. 1, or other all can complete in the system platform of the moving sweep track needed for the connecting method of the sub-visual field of the present invention, realize objective table and detector moves according to certain movement locus, data acquisition work.System architecture shown in Fig. 1 comprises x-ray source 1, objective table 2, flat panel detector 3, pivoted arm 4, fixed mount 5.Wherein x-ray source is positioned at the lowermost end of device, for upwards launching cone-beam X-ray; Objective table is arranged on the top of x-ray source, and translation motion is done in space three-dimensional direction; Be provided with fixed mount directly over objective table, fixed mount is connected with pivoted arm, for fixing pivoted arm, and makes pivoted arm do circumference rotary motion, forms the hemisphere face around objective table; Pivoted arm is provided with guide rail, and flat panel detector is positioned on this guide rail, utilizes this guide rail to slide on pivoted arm.
Existing cone-beam CL system, when plaques size is within the scope of scan vision, can obtain complete faultage image, but exceeds " the tabular large sample " of field range for sample, cannot obtain complete sample fault information.Therefore the present invention proposes to utilize the mode of image mosaic to realize the high-definition picture cross sectional reconstruction of large sample.Main image split-joint method comprises square " matts " splicing, as shown in fig. 4 a, or is hexagon " cellular " splicing two kinds of modes, as shown in Figure 4 b.Image mosaic needs the position by moving stage, scans each the sub-visual field respectively and obtains data for projection, by O in Fig. 2
2point is the particular location in each the sub-visual field, reference point location.
Square " matts " connecting method, length and width yardstick per sample and shape facility, select to carry out splicing by I*J the sub-visual field to sample and scan, and namely I little square that is capable, J row is spliced into the large visual field of rectangle, and the size in its neutron visual field is r*r.As shown in a, b in Fig. 5, be respectively I=2, J=2, I=2, J=3, wait several connecting method to illustrate.Due to " matts " splicing lattice model logically, make the location in its sub-visual field very easy.Concrete sub-visual field locator meams, is divided into two kinds of situations as shown in Figure 6.A, O in Fig. 6
2point is positioned at the center in the sub-visual field, then the sub-vectorial Γ in central region position of the i-th row j row
ij=(r* (i-1), r* (j-1)) represents.In like manner, in Fig. 6 shown in b, O
2point is positioned at sub-visual field position of intersecting point, then the sub-vectorial Γ in central region position of the i-th row j row
ij=(r* (i-0.5), r* (j-0.5)) represents.When the sub-visual field that scanning i-th row j arranges, as long as by objective table according to vector-Γ
ijafter movement.
Hexagon " cellular " connecting method, owing to being a kind of dislocation relation between " cellular " structure ranks, this makes its image mosaic mode slightly more complicated than " matts ".Each hexagon has 6 neighborhoods, and such as a schemes in the figure 7, is exactly left, right, upper to the left, upper to the right, lower to the left, lower to the right; On in b figure being, under, upper to the left, upper to the right, lower to the left, lower to the right.Certainly, when the cellular anglec of rotation is any, spliced shape also has the rotation of respective angles thereupon, but this rotation can be avoided by regulating the placed angle of sample, the image mosaic mode under therefore the embodiment of the present invention only discusses in Fig. 7 shown in a figure hexagon angle.Still with the position in each sub-visual field during ranks value positioning splicing, only splice different from square, due to the dislocation relation between ranks, embodiment of the present invention unification is according to the mode procession location shown in Fig. 8.Because of O
2the position of point is different, and the elements of a fix in the sub-visual field are also different, O
2the position of point be divided into three kinds of situations in Fig. 9 shown in a, b, c (hexagonal side length value is a):
The first situation, O
2point is positioned at the center in first sub-visual field.The now vectorial coordinate value of the sub-central region position of the i-th row j row
The second situation, O
2point is positioned at summit, the lower right corner place in first sub-visual field.The now vectorial coordinate value of the sub-central region position of the i-th row j row
The third situation, O
2point is positioned at summit, the upper right corner place in first sub-visual field.The now vectorial coordinate value of the sub-central region position of the i-th row j row
In actual applications, can size and dimension per sample, select corresponding sub-visual field connecting method.Select after needing the sub-visual field of recording projection data, its corresponding elements of a fix value input control system.Then system scans each the sub-visual field respectively according to set position, data acquisition work.
Specifically, described scan mode and joining method mainly comprise the following steps (shown in Figure 11):
A input parameter.With reference to the system coordinate system of figure 2, the geometric parameter of input system, comprises the useful area N*N of detector, radiographic source to the distance OD of detector, radiographic source to the distance OO of central beam through objective table present position
2, dip sweeping angle
deng; Sample parameters, comprises sample length, width, thickness etc.According to input parameter and sample detection object, estimation detection architecture, amplification ratio needed for defect
adjustment h and
meet required amplification ratio requirement.
B selects image mosaic mode.Sample is positioned on objective table, adjustment
namely flat panel detector is positioned at pivoted arm top, and adjustment amplification ratio, obtains the fluoroscopy images of sample under low amplification ratio condition, understands the size of sample, position and basic configuration by contours extract.The placement location of adjustment sample and angle, select optimum image mosaic mode, determines the position Γ in all F the sub-visual field
ij_f, f=1,2...F.
C calculates movement locus.For the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the collection of the sub-visual field data for projection needed for image mosaic be completed, need objective table and detector synchronously to move.During as gathered the data for projection in f the sub-visual field, need objective table to move-Γ
ij_f, make center and the O in the sub-visual field
2point overlaps.Objective table and detector synchronously move, and wherein objective table is starting point with current location, moves in a circle:
detector and objective table are synchronized with the movement:
D data acquisition.Take the mode of step motion, gather each sub-visual field f=1,2 respectively ... F, the data for projection under different rotary angle, and store.
E tomographic image reconstructing.Utilizing FDK reconstruction algorithm or iterative reconstruction algorithm, rebuild the faultage image in each the sub-visual field, in order to reduce the impact of Gibbs' effect on splicing result, when rebuilding, needing to do cosine Data extension to data for projection.
F image mosaic, according to blocked scan mode, according to the geometric position in set " matts " or " cellular " sub-visual field, completes image mosaic, obtains the large visual field tomograph of sample.
Specific embodiment 1: analog chip is welded on substrate, detects the die body of welding bubble.
According to the parameter of table 2, the die body that in design Figure 15, a front elevation, b side view reflect, analog chip is welded on substrate, the alveolate sample of weld layer.Wherein rectangular parallelepiped 1 represents substrate, and rectangular parallelepiped 2,3 represents chip, and rectangular parallelepiped 4,5 represents weld layer, and cylinder represents the bubble in weld layer.
Table 2
Under low amplification ratio condition, carry out fault imaging to whole sample, as shown in figure 16, the bubble in visible sample is fuzzyyer for result.Under high amplification ratio condition, sample is carried out to the blocked scan of 2*4, " square " splices, and as shown in figure 17, visible bubble in bubble imaging sharpness of border, can not cause defect to judge by accident to result.Prove that this method can realize the high-resolution imaging of large sample.
Specific embodiment 2: the sample of simulating three leaf oar shapes, carries out " cellular " splicing
According to the parameter of table 1, the die body of design " three leaf oars " shape shown in Figure 12.This die body is made up of cylinder and ellipsoid.Wherein ellipsoid 1,2,3 forms each major part of three leaf oar samples, the defects such as the bubble existed in ball 4,5,6 representative sample, the defects such as the crack existed in 7,8 representative samples.
Table 1
Under low amplification ratio condition, imaging is carried out to sample entirety, obtain the tomograph of sample.(Figure 13 a) observes, and as seen under low amplification ratio condition, although can carry out fault imaging to whole sample, the defect in sample can not show clearly to get middle layer faultage image.Get data line display (Figure 13 b), visual defects part contrast is less, is difficult to differentiate.Improve amplification ratio, carry out blocked scan to sample, " cellular " splices, and the result obtained as shown in figure 14.Defect is high-visible.
The beneficial effect of the technology of the present invention compared with conventional art is as follows:
1, the present invention is directed to the tabular large sample that length and width yardstick is large, thickness is thin and carry out tomographic image reconstructing, large field-of-view image in the past rebuild mainly for be the approximate large sample of three dimension scale, or unidimensional scale is large, as long column shape sample carries out image reconstruction.
2, the present invention carries out fault imaging to sample under can realizing the large visual field, high resolving power condition by the mode of image mosaic simultaneously.Conventional art is when the visual field is large, and amplification ratio will reduce relatively, causes the resolution of large sample imaging lower.
3, the present invention utilizes " matts " or " cellular " sub-visual field to carry out splicing and realizes the imaging of the large visual field, and image mosaic mode can be flexible and changeable for the length and width yardstick, morphological feature etc. of sample, high to the utilization factor of ray.
Although with reference to exemplary embodiment describing the present invention, should be appreciated that term used illustrates and exemplary and nonrestrictive term.Spirit or the essence of invention is not departed from because the present invention can specifically implement in a variety of forms, so be to be understood that, above-described embodiment is not limited to any aforesaid details, and explain widely in the spirit and scope that should limit in claim of enclosing, therefore fall into whole change in claim or its equivalent scope and remodeling and all should be claim of enclosing and contained.
Claims (8)
1. realize a scan method for the wild CL imaging of plaques high-resolution large-viewing, be applied to a kind of scanister of CL system, described scanister comprises x-ray source, objective table, flat panel detector, pivoted arm, fixed mount;
Three-dimensional coordinate system xyz set up by described scanister, and initial point is x-ray source, i.e. o point; And set up rotating coordinate system x1y1z1, initial point is x-ray source, i.e. o point, wherein:
The plane at described flat panel detector place all the time with oy1 linear vertical, and the angle of x1 axle and x-axis is θ, 0 °≤θ < 360 °; The angle of y1 axle and y-axis is
transformational relation between rotating coordinate system x1y1z1 and three-dimensional coordinate system xyz is:
Described scanister measuring targets is utilized to carry out blocked scan, the translation motion of adjustment objective table in x, y-axis direction, described object under test is made to be that turning axle moves in a circle with z-axis, and flat panel detector is synchronized with the movement with pivoted arm and described object under test, make to scan the different piecemeal of object under test successively;
According to setting θ angle and
angle situation, to walk around arm 0 degree to 360 degree scope inward turning, utilizes described flat panel detector to gather the piecemeal data for projection of required angle, carries out splicing reconstruction to obtain the faultage image of described object under test to gathered data for projection.
2. the scan method of CL imaging according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, multiple square or hexagon is divided into by described object under test to carry out blocked scan, obtain the data for projection of described each piecemeal of object under test, cross sectional reconstruction, image mosaic are carried out to these data for projection, finally obtains the wild faultage image of high-resolution large-viewing of described object under test.
3. the scan method of CL imaging according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when described flat panel detector gathers the piecemeal data for projection of required angle, take the mode of step motion, gather the data for projection of the sub-visual field of each piecemeal under different rotary angle respectively, and store.
4. the scan method of CL imaging according to claim 3, is characterized in that, when described flat panel detector gathers the piecemeal data for projection of required angle, can select blocked scan mode and specification according to the data for projection under low amplification ratio condition.
5. the scan method of CL imaging according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described faultage image splicing reconstruction step, utilizes FDK reconstruction algorithm or iterative reconstruction algorithm, rebuilds the faultage image in each the sub-visual field.
6. the scan method of the CL imaging according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, concrete operation step comprises: A input system initial parameter; B selects image mosaic mode; C calculates movement locus; D data acquisition; E image mosaic.
7. the scan method of CL imaging according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described objective table does translation motion on space three-dimensional direction, specifically comprises:
Described objective table utilizes the amplification ratio of the motion adjustment object under test in z-axis direction, and utilize x, the motion of circuit orbit that the motion in y-axis direction realizes interpolation or other mode of motion, complete and the blocked scan of described object under test projected.
8. the scan method of CL imaging according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the plane of described flat panel detector is perpendicular in the central beam of described flat panel detector with described x-ray source all the time, and described flat panel detector keeps synchronous with the motion of described objective table.
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