CN105030237A - Spinal cord injury localization device - Google Patents
Spinal cord injury localization device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105030237A CN105030237A CN201510424157.1A CN201510424157A CN105030237A CN 105030237 A CN105030237 A CN 105030237A CN 201510424157 A CN201510424157 A CN 201510424157A CN 105030237 A CN105030237 A CN 105030237A
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Abstract
A spinal cord injury localization device comprises a pair of current injection electrodes, a plurality of voltage measuring electrodes, a multi-path switch (5), a constant-current source circuit (3), a voltage amplifier (4) and a controller (6). The controller (6) comprises a multi-path switch control module (7), an injection current amplitude and frequency control module (8), an impedance analysis module (9) and an injury localization display module (10). The first current injection electrode (1a) and the second current injection electrode (1b) are connected with the output end of the constant-current source circuit (3). The input end of the constant-current source circuit (3) is connected with the injection current amplitude and frequency control module (8). The voltage measuring electrodes are connected with the input end of the multi-path switch (5). The output end of the multi-path switch (5) is connected with the input end of the voltage amplifier (4). The output end of the voltage amplifier (4) is connected with the input end of the impedance analysis module (9), and the output end of the impedance analysis module (9) is connected with the injury localization display module (10).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medical device, particularly a kind of spinal cord injury device of locating.
Background technology
Spinal cord injury (spinalcordinjury, SCI) is one of the most catastrophic damage of experiencing of human nervous system, can cause permanent neurological handicap.In the world because SCI causes the patient of paralysis to have nearly ten million, China patient SCI also exceedes more than 100 ten thousand.For the Wenchuan violent earthquake of 2008, according to the data estimation in Ministry of Civil Affairs's return of losses and each counties and cities' return of losses, there was the SCI patient of 5000 to 7000 in disaster area.Along with the development of emergency treatment technique and the development of rehabilitation maneuver, the life expectancy of SCI patient also can be close with normal person, but the recovery completely of SCI is also impossible clinically.In SCI patient, occur in 16 ~ 30 years old close to the initial damage of 50%, all one's life of patient all will be spent on wheelchair.
Ripe central nervous system only has limited regenerate after injury ability, cell transplantation, method such as increase neurotrophic factor and oscillating electric field stimulation etc. all can promote the axon regeneration after spinal cord injury, but these treatment meanss produce little effect, also be not enough to be widely used in clinical, this has just highlighted the importance of early treatment after damage more.Prevent the generation of secondary injury after acute spinal cord injury in early days, develop the effective means being all the time all regarded as spinal cord injury treatment.Means extensive uses such as the vertebrae plate resection spinal decompression after damage, heavy dose of radiosone and clinical, effectively remain the substantia alba medullae spinalis after damage, improve the prognosis of patient.The common recognition of current researcher and clinicist is more early adopted an effective measure, and the prognosis of patient is better.
Damage reason location after spinal cord injury is the prerequisite implementing operative treatment, large-scale imaging device such as current damage reason location many dependences CT and magnetic resonance etc., but due to main equipment limited amount and can not arbitrarily movement, the time of the conventional therapy such as cause that patient wait performs the operation is longer, the very first time after injury can not accept treatment, also just lose the chance obtaining better prognosis.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the shortcoming overcoming prior art, propose a kind of quick position, spinal cord injury positioner easy and simple to handle.
Spinal cord injury positioner of the present invention comprises a pair current injection electrode, multiple voltage measurement electrodes, constant-current source circuit, variable connector, voltage amplifier and controller.Controller comprises Multi-channel switch control module, injection current amplitude and frequency control module, impedance analysis module and damage reason location display module.The outfan of impedance analysis module is connected with damage reason location display module.Injection current amplitude in controller and frequency control module, impedance analysis module input and Multi-channel switch control module are connected with the first interface of controller, the second interface and the 3rd interface respectively.A pair described current injection electrode is connected with constant-current source circuit outfan; Multiple voltage measurement electrodes is connected with the input of variable connector respectively, and the outfan of variable connector is connected with the input of voltage amplifier; The outfan of constant-current source circuit input, voltage amplifier and the control port of variable connector are connected with the first interface of controller, the second interface and the 3rd interface respectively, so realize injection current amplitude and frequency control module, impedance analysis module input and Multi-channel switch control module respectively with the connection of the outfan of constant-current source circuit input, voltage amplifier and the control port of variable connector.
The input channel quantity of variable connector input is equal to or greater than the number of voltage measurement electrodes; Multiple voltage measurement electrodes connects one to one with the input channel of variable connector respectively, and often pair of voltage measurement electrodes is connected with two input channels of variable connector input.The outfan of variable connector has two output channels, and two output channels of variable connector are connected with the input of voltage amplifier.
It is 0.1 ~ 10mA that described constant-current source circuit produces peak-to-peak value, and frequency is the sinusoidal current of 1kHz ~ 1MHz, is selected the frequency of injection current, by current injection electrode by pulse current injectingt human body by the injection current amplitude in controller and frequency control module.Multi-channel switch control module in controller controls variable connector by the 3rd interface (or variable connector control port) of controller, two input channels of selected variable connector input are communicated with two output channels of himself, two voltage measurement electrodes that the input channel of variable connector is therewith connected are communicated with voltage amplifier input, and then two of realizing in multiple voltage measurement electrodes are communicated with voltage amplifier input.Voltage between two measurement electrode after amplification is delivered to impedance analysis module by voltage amplifier.Impedance analysis module utilizes the voltage data and injection current parameter computing impedance measuring and obtain, and actual measurement impedance and human normal impedance are compared, find impedance out-of-the way position, determine damage position, and then show damage position in damage reason location display module.
Spinal cord injury positioner of the present invention is based on bio-electrical impedance measuring principle.The symptoms such as after acute spinal cord injury, injury region appearance is hemorrhage, edema, cause the resistivity of normal spinal cord to decline, namely impedance diminishes, and utilizes this change can determine whether to occur damage and degree of injury.The present invention is by being pasted onto two current injection electrode injection currents of human body surface, and the human body back between current injection electrode is pasted with multiple voltage measurement electrodes, and measures voltage between any two the voltage detecting electrodes in multiple voltage measurement electrodes.According to Ohm's law, can by the size of the ratio determination human body impedance between the voltage recorded and injection current and phase angle.
When applying of the present invention, first need to measure the electrical impedance of normal human's spinal cord, obtain the normal value at electrical impedance modulus and phase angle, and building database, then patient is detected.The present invention is by the detection to electrical impedance modulus and phase angle variations after human body spinal cord injury, the modulus of real-time monitored electrical impedance and the numerical value at phase angle, data are obtained according to observation, and the impedance contrast between normal human's segments of spinal cord, demarcate electrical impedance out-of-the way position, namely determine the segments of spinal cord of impedance exception, thus realize damage reason location.
The work process of spinal cord injury positioner is: first paste current injection electrode and voltage measurement electrodes at patient body-surface, two current injection electrode correspond respectively to C1 and the L5 sections of spinal column, then be close to current injection electrode place and paste a pair voltage measurement electrodes, this is evenly distributed multiple voltage measurement electrodes again between voltage measurement electrodes.After the good electrode of cloth, injection current amplitude in controller and frequency control module set injection current amplitude and frequency, Multi-channel switch control module controls variable connector, two input channels of selected variable connector input are communicated with two output channels of himself, two output channels of variable connector are connected with the input of voltage amplifier, two voltage measurement electrodes that the input channel of variable connector is therewith connected are communicated with voltage amplifier input, and then two in multiple measurement electrode are communicated with voltage amplifier input.Two current injection electrode are started working according to the injection current amplitude set and frequency, two voltage measurement electrodes be communicated with voltage amplifier are also started working, and the magnitude of voltage under each frequency recorded between two measurement electrode is delivered to impedance analysis module, so repeatedly, until all collected and impedance analysis module sent in controller of the voltage between any two electrodes in multiple voltage measurement electrodes.The voltage utilizing measurement to obtain in impedance analysis module just can obtain the impedance between two voltage measurement electrodes divided by injection current, by the impedance between two voltage measurement electrodes and normal human's impedance ratio pair, if impedance is less than normal human's impedance between two voltage measurement electrodes, then show that this place is damaged.Damage position is shown, i.e. impedance exception between two voltage measurement electrodes in injury potential display module.In order to accurately measure damage position, between oriented two voltage measurement electrodes, increase more voltage measurement electrodes, to reduce electrode spacing, the operating procedure before repetition, can obtain more accurate damage reason location information.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics:
(1) device of the present invention is based on the principle of the impedance bioelectrical measurement of low cost, has feature with low cost compared with the technology such as existing CT, magnetic resonance;
(2) device volume of the present invention is little, consumes energy low, easy to operate, can after patient damages the very first time test, for damage is saved time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 the present invention is used for the schematic diagram of spinal cord injury positioner;
Fig. 2 the present invention is used for the job step of spinal cord injury positioner.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Figure 1 shows that the schematic diagram of the present invention for spinal cord injury positioner.As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of spinal cord injury navigation system of the present invention comprises 2 current injection electrode, 6 voltage measurement electrodes, 1 variable connector 5, constant-current source circuit 3, voltage amplifier 4 and controller 6.Containing Multi-channel switch control module 7, injection current amplitude and frequency control module 8, impedance analysis module 9 and damage reason location display module 10 in described controller 6.The outfan of impedance analysis module 9 is connected with damage reason location display module 10.Injection current amplitude in controller 6 and frequency control module 8, impedance analysis module 9 input and Multi-channel switch control module 7 are connected with the first interface of controller, the second interface and the 3rd interface respectively.Current injection electrode comprises the first current injection electrode 1a and the second current injection electrode 1b.First current injection electrode 1a is connected with the outfan of constant-current source circuit 3 with the second current injection electrode 1b.The input of constant-current source circuit 3 is connected with frequency control module 8 with injection current amplitude.Voltage measurement electrodes comprises the first voltage measurement electrodes 2a, the second voltage measurement electrodes 2b, tertiary voltage measurement electrode 2c, the 4th voltage measurement electrodes 2d, the 5th voltage measurement electrodes 2e and the 6th voltage measurement electrodes 2f.Six voltage measurement electrodes connect one to one with six input channels of variable connector 5 input respectively, and often pair of voltage measurement electrodes is connected with two input channels of variable connector input.Two output channels of variable connector 5 outfan are connected with the input of voltage amplifier 4.The outfan of voltage amplifier 4 is connected with the input of impedance analysis module 9 by the second interface of controller 6.It is 1kHz ~ 1MHz that described constant-current source circuit 3 produces frequency, amplitude is the sinusoidal current of 0.1 ~ 10mA, by the first current injection electrode 1a and the second current injection electrode 1b by pulse current injectingt human body, the amplitude of injection current and frequency are set by the injection current amplitude in controller 6 and frequency control module 8;
Multi-channel switch control module 7 in controller 6 controls variable connector 5 by the 3rd interface (or variable connector control port) of controller 6 and selects two voltage measurement electrodes; Voltage signal is delivered to impedance analysis module 9 through voltage amplifier 4 by the voltage signal that two voltage measurement electrodes record, first impedance analysis module 9 calculates impedance between two measurement electrode and phase angle, then according to the position of the positional information determination resistivity anomaly of current injection electrode and voltage measurement electrodes, and then damage position is shown in damage reason location display module.
Utilize human spine's anatomical structure determination current injection electrode and voltage measurement electrodes position, described current injection electrode and voltage measurement electrodes are all pasted onto patient skin surface, and the first current injection electrode 1a, the second current injection electrode 1b are attached to directly over atlas bone C1, fifth lumbar vertebra bone L5 dorsal part respectively; First voltage measurement electrodes 2a, the second voltage measurement electrodes 2b, tertiary voltage measurement electrode 2c, the 4th voltage measurement electrodes 2d, the 5th voltage measurement electrodes 2e, the 6th voltage measurement electrodes 2f are attached to directly over [Dan bone C2, C7 bone C7, fourth dorsal vertebra bone T4, eighth dorsal vertebra bone T8, twelfth dorsal vertebra bone T12, fourth lumbar vertebra bone L4 dorsal part respectively.
6 voltage measurement electrodes 2a-2f are all connected with the input of variable connector 5.Every a pair voltage measurement electrodes is connected with two input channels of variable connector 5 input.The outfan of variable connector has two output channels, and two output channels of variable connector are connected with the input of voltage amplifier.Containing Multi-channel switch control module 7, impedance analysis module 9 and damage reason location display module 10 in controller 6.Multi-channel switch control module 7 makes two points in 6 voltage measurement electrodes to be connected with the input of voltage amplifier 6 for 15 times by the disconnection controlling variable connector 5 breaker in middle with closed, first time is voltage measurement electrodes 2a and 2b, second time is voltage measurement electrodes 2a and 2c, third time is voltage measurement electrodes 2a and 2d, 4th time is voltage measurement electrodes 2a and 2e, 5th time is voltage measurement electrodes 2a and 2f, 6th time is voltage measurement electrodes 2b and 2c, 7th time is voltage measurement electrodes 2b and 2d, 8th time is voltage measurement electrodes 2b and 2e, 9th time is voltage measurement electrodes 2b and 2f, tenth time is voltage measurement electrodes 2c and 2d, tenth is once voltage measurement electrodes 2c and 2e, 12 time is voltage measurement electrodes 2c and 2f, 13 time is voltage measurement electrodes 2d and 2e, 14 time is voltage measurement electrodes 2d and 2f, 15 time is voltage measurement electrodes 2e and 2f.15 voltage datas are recorded altogether when fixing injection current amplitude and frequency.
Constant-current source circuit output current generally gets peak-to-peak value 1mA, and output frequency adopts sweep method, and typical frequencies is 1kHz, 5kHz, 10kHz, 50kHz, 100kHz, 500kHz, 1MHz, measures 7 times altogether.Frequency and amplitude also can be set as other numerical value.
Figure 2 shows that the job step of apparatus of the present invention:
Step 201 pastes the first current injection electrode 1a, a second current injection electrode 1b and six voltage measurement electrodes 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f at patient body-surface;
After the good electrode of step 202 cloth, set injection current amplitude and frequency by the injection current amplitude in controller 6 and frequency control module 8;
Multi-channel switch control module 7 in step 203 controller 6 makes variable connector 5 first voltage measurement electrodes 2a, the second voltage measurement electrodes 2b are communicated with voltage amplifier 6 by controller the 3rd interface.
Step 204 is started working according to the injection current amplitude of setting in step 202 and frequency, records the magnitude of voltage between the first voltage measurement electrodes 2a, the 6th voltage measurement electrodes 2f under each frequency, 7 measurement data are delivered to impedance analysis module 9; Multi-channel switch control module 7 changes different voltage measurement electrodes measure all the other in order 14 times, and all the other 14 times is measured totally 98 data and deliver to impedance analysis module 9.
The voltage that step 205 utilizes measurement to obtain in impedance analysis module 9 obtains the impedance between two measurement electrode divided by injection current, and with normal human's impedance contrast, be less than normal human's impedance as crossed impedance between two voltage measurement electrodes, then show that this place is damaged;
Step 206 shows damage position in injury potential display module 10, i.e. impedance exception between two voltage measurement electrodes;
Step 207, in order to accurately measure damage position, increases more voltage measurement electrodes to reduce electrode spacing, the operating procedure before repetition between oriented two voltage measurement electrodes, can obtain more accurate damage reason location.
Claims (6)
1. a spinal cord injury positioner, is characterized in that: described spinal cord injury positioner comprises a pair current injection electrode, multiple voltage measurement electrodes, variable connector (5), constant-current source circuit (3), voltage amplifier (4) and controller (6); Described controller (6) comprises Multi-channel switch control module (7), injection current amplitude and frequency control module (8), impedance analysis module (9) and damage reason location display module (10); The outfan of impedance analysis module (9) is connected with damage reason location display module (10).Injection current amplitude in controller (6) and frequency control module (8), impedance analysis module (9) input Multi-channel switch control module (7), to be connected with the first interface of controller (6), the second interface and the 3rd interface respectively; Current injection electrode comprises the first current injection electrode (1a) and the second current injection electrode (1b); First current injection electrode (1a) is connected with the outfan of the second current injection electrode (1b) with constant-current source circuit (3), multiple voltage measurement electrodes is connected with the input of variable connector (5) respectively, and the outfan of variable connector (5) is connected with the input of voltage amplifier (4); The control port of constant-current source circuit (3) input, voltage amplifier (4) outfan and variable connector (5) is connected with the first interface of controller, the second interface and the 3rd interface respectively.
2. according to spinal cord injury positioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the input channel quantity of described variable connector (5) input is equal to or greater than the number of voltage measurement electrodes; Multiple voltage measurement electrodes connects one to one with the input channel of variable connector respectively, two expanding channels of often pair of voltage measurement electrodes and variable connector input; The outfan of variable connector (5) has two output channels; Two output channels of variable connector (5) are connected with the input of voltage amplifier (4).
3. according to spinal cord injury positioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is 1kHz ~ 1MHz that described constant-current source circuit (3) produces frequency, amplitude is the sinusoidal current of 0.1 ~ 10mA, inject human body by the first current injection electrode (1a) and the second current injection electrode (1b), the amplitude of injection current and frequency are set by the injection current amplitude in controller (6) and frequency control module (8); Multi-channel switch control module (7) in controller (6) controls variable connector by the 3rd interface (or variable connector control port) of controller (6), two input channels of selected variable connector (5) input are communicated with two output channels of himself, two voltage measurement electrodes that the input channel of variable connector (5) is therewith connected are communicated with voltage amplifier (4) input, and then two of realizing in multiple voltage measurement electrodes are communicated with voltage amplifier (4) input; Voltage between two measurement electrode after amplification is delivered to impedance analysis module (9) by voltage amplifier (4), impedance analysis module (9) utilizes the voltage data and injection current parameter computing impedance measuring and obtain, and actual measurement impedance and human normal impedance are compared, find impedance out-of-the way position, determine damage position, and then show damage position in damage reason location display module (10).
4. according to spinal cord injury positioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described current injection electrode and voltage measurement electrodes are all pasted onto patient skin surface, the first current injection electrode (1a), the second current injection electrode (1b) are pasted onto directly over atlas bone and fifth lumbar vertebra bone dorsal part respectively; First voltage measurement electrodes (2a), the second voltage measurement electrodes (2b), tertiary voltage measurement electrode (2c), the 4th voltage measurement electrodes (2d), the 5th voltage measurement electrodes (2e) and the 6th voltage measurement electrodes (2f) are pasted onto directly over [Dan bone, C7 bone, fourth dorsal vertebra bone, eighth dorsal vertebra bone, twelfth dorsal vertebra bone and fourth lumbar vertebra bone dorsal part respectively.
5. according to the spinal cord injury positioner described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: first paste current injection electrode (1a, 1b) and voltage measurement electrodes at patient body-surface; Injection current amplitude and frequency is set by the injection current amplitude in controller (6) and frequency control module (8) after the good current injection electrode of cloth; Variable connector (5) is controlled by Multi-channel switch control module (7), two input channels of selected variable connector input are communicated with two output channels of himself, and two voltage measurement electrodes that variable connector input channel connects therewith are communicated with the input of voltage amplifier (4); Two current injection electrode are started working according to the injection current amplitude set and frequency, two voltage measurement electrodes be communicated with voltage amplifier (4) input are also started working, and the magnitude of voltage under each frequency recorded between two measurement electrode is delivered to impedance analysis module (9), so repeatedly, until all collected and impedance analysis module (9) sent in controller (6) of the voltage between any two electrodes in multiple voltage measurement electrodes; In impedance analysis module (9), voltage measurement obtained just obtains the impedance between two voltage measurement electrodes divided by injection current, by the impedance between two voltage measurement electrodes and normal human's impedance ratio pair, if impedance is less than normal human's impedance between two voltage measurement electrodes, then show that this place is damaged, display damage position, i.e. impedance exception between two voltage measurement electrodes in injury potential display module (10).
6. according to spinal cord injury positioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between oriented two voltage measurement electrodes, increase more voltage measurement electrodes, to reduce voltage measurement electrodes spacing, obtain more accurate damage reason location information.
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| CN105769169A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-20 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Spinal cord intra-operative monitoring device |
| CN106139405A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-11-23 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of vagus nerve magnetic stimulating device |
| CN106805977A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-06-09 | 四川大学华西第二医院 | A kind of backbone interspace of lumbar vertebrae localization method |
| CN108635669A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-12 | 乐普医学电子仪器股份有限公司 | A kind of impedance measurement device and method based on brain depth stimulator electrode |
| CN111358427A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-07-03 | 梁华征 | Spinal cord injury testing device and method |
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Application publication date: 20151111 |