CN104993694A - Input voltage sharing control method of modularized combined direct-current converter - Google Patents

Input voltage sharing control method of modularized combined direct-current converter Download PDF

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CN104993694A
CN104993694A CN201510400564.9A CN201510400564A CN104993694A CN 104993694 A CN104993694 A CN 104993694A CN 201510400564 A CN201510400564 A CN 201510400564A CN 104993694 A CN104993694 A CN 104993694A
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module
voltage
signal
output
input voltage
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杨威
杨世彦
张智杰
韩基业
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention, which belongs to the technical field of the high-frequency switching transformer direction, provides an input voltage sharing control method of a modularized combined direct-current converter. With the method, a problem of the unstable output characteristic of the modularized combined direct-current converter can be solved. The method is suitable for controlling the voltage-constant output or current-constant output of the input-series-output-parallel (ISOP) combined converter system. N modules are arranged in the system, wherein the N is a positive integer larger than 1; and the first module is set as a master module and the rest of modules are set as slave modules. Feedback control is carried out on the output voltage or output current of the master module to control the total output voltage or total output current of the system, thereby realizing the voltage-constant output or current-constant output of the system; and input voltages of all slave modules are controlled to guarantee input voltage sharing of the system.

Description

Modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method
Technical field
The invention belongs to high frequency switching converter device direction technical field.
Background technology
Electric energy is the most important energy form of current era, and the suitable electric energy supply through conversion is social production, smooth precondition of living.In the electric and electronic technical field of research transformation of electrical energy, switch converters is paid close attention to its high efficiency advantage, and be the emphasis of research, switch converters has penetrated into the every field of productive life, applies very extensive always.Along with the progress of technology, switch converters is just towards high frequency, modularization, intellectuality, digitized future development.
In middle high input voltage (being greater than 1kV) occasion, the subject matter that DC converter faces is that the voltage stress of switching device is higher, withstand voltage higher switching device must be selected, but selectable withstand voltage high switching device is less, and the performance of high tension apparatus is generally poor than conventional low pressure (600V ~ 1200V) device.Therefore, in middle high input voltage occasion, more employings be DC converter input series connection form, namely adopt identical modular DC converter, utilize the characteristic that it is identical, make it divide equally total input voltage, thus reduce the voltage stress of each module breaker in middle device, so just can select low tension switch device, transducer performance is improved, also comply with the modular development trend of switch converters.The input series connection of DC converter module, its output generally adopts parallel form, there is constant voltage output characteristic, each module divides equally total current (i.e. gross output), so-called input series and output parallel that Here it is (Input Series Out Parallel-ISOP) combined converter system.
In reality, due to the dispersiveness of device parameters, each converter module can not have identical characteristic, therefore each module is difficult to guarantee and divides equally total input voltage, module voltage is too high or too low all can cause adverse effect to each module and whole system, can cause damaging because of voltage time serious higher than switching device withstand voltage level.Therefore in ISOP system, Pressure and Control link must be added, to ensure that each module divides equally total input voltage.
ISOP system method for equalizing voltage mainly contains two kinds, the first improves the topology of converter module, the second adds Pressure and Control ring in the controller of converter, and comparatively speaking second method has higher all pressures precision and good dynamic voltage balancing effect, thus uses more extensive.The main feature of second method has a total controller in ISOP system, first by the difference of voltage control loop according to voltage given signal and output voltage sampled signal, provide an error signal, send into each module to control the duty ratio of pwm signal simultaneously, output voltage is made to keep stable, the ring of Pressure and Control is simultaneously according to each module input voltage situation, provide corrected signal, revise the error signal that each module obtains from voltage control loop respectively, the difference of the duty ratio of each module pwm signal is utilized to control to adjust the power output of each module like this, thus reach the effect of dividing equally input voltage.Visible, although each converter module is independently, also needs the controller that is total, therefore see from the strict sense, can't say it is modularization completely.
For adapting to the requirement of converter module, researcher is had to propose control method voltage control and Pressure and Control are all distributed in the middle of modules.Its main feature is that each module has respective voltage controller, use identical voltage given signal and output voltage sampled signal, be used for controlling output voltage stabilization, simultaneously according to each module input voltage situation, revise the voltage given signal of each module, utilize the difference of each module voltage Setting signal to control to adjust the power output of each module, thus input voltage is divided equally.The method achieve modularization, but owing to have employed the mode revising voltage given signal, output voltage can not keep steady state value, and it all presses effect and output voltage stabilization to there is mutual restricting relation, consideration of must trading off.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the problem of the output characteristic instability in order to solve existing modularized dc converter, the invention provides a kind of modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method.
Modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method of the present invention, described method is applicable to control inputs series connection output-parallel (Input Series Out Parallel-ISOP) combined converter system constant voltage and exports or constant current output, N number of module in described system, N be greater than 1 positive integer, arranging the 1st module is primary module, and residue module is from module; Come the total output voltage of control system or total output current by carrying out FEEDBACK CONTROL to primary module output voltage or output current, realize system constant voltage and export or constant current output, by respectively carrying out control from module input voltage ensures that system input voltage is divided equally.
The method that control inputs series connection output-parallel (Input Series Out Parallel-ISOP) combined converter system constant voltage exports comprises:
Step one, the output voltage Setting signal u of the 1st module is set ref;
Step 2, output voltage u to the 1st module osample, voltage sample coefficient k is set m, by voltage sample coefficient k mwith output voltage u ooutput voltage feedback signal u is obtained after being multiplied oc1; Described u ofor total output voltage signal;
Step 3, by the output voltage Setting signal u of the 1st module refwith output voltage feedback signal u oc1difference send into Voltage loop controller G vo1, obtain the error signal u that Voltage loop controller exports ea1, for generation of pulse-width signal;
Step 4, acquisition benchmark triangular carrier u c1, u c2... u cN;
Step 5, by error signal u ea1with benchmark triangular signal u c1send into comparator, producing the signal for driving the 1st module breaker in middle pipe, making output voltage u okeep stable;
Step 6, to total input voltage signal u isample, arranging voltage sample coefficient is k s/ N, by voltage sample coefficient k s/ N and total input voltage signal u isignal is obtained as all input voltage Setting signal u from module after being multiplied iref;
Step 7, input voltage u to the 2nd module i2sample, voltage sample coefficient k is set s, by voltage sample coefficient k swith input voltage u i2input voltage feedback signal u is obtained after being multiplied oc2;
Step 8, by the input voltage Setting signal u of the 2nd module irefwith input voltage feedback signal u oc2difference send into grading ring controller G vi2, obtain the error signal u that grading ring controller exports ea2;
Step 9, by the error signal u of the 2nd module ea2with benchmark triangular signal u c2send into comparator, producing the signal for driving the 2nd module breaker in middle pipe, making the input voltage u of the 2nd module i2remain total input voltage u i1/N;
Step 10, other from module repeat step 7 to step 9, complete input and all press, constant voltage export control.
The method of control inputs series connection output-parallel (Input Series Out Parallel-ISOP) combined converter system constant current output comprises:
Step one, the output current Setting signal i of the 1st module is set ref1, i ref1=i ref/ N, i reffor total output current Setting signal;
Step 2, output current i to the 1st module o1sample, current sample coefficient k is set m, by current sample coefficient k mwith output current i o1output current feedback signal i is obtained after being multiplied oc1;
Step 3, by the output current Setting signal i of the 1st module ref1with output current feedback signal i oc1difference send into current loop controller G io1, obtain the error signal u that current loop controller exports ea1, for generation of pulse-width signal;
Step 4, acquisition benchmark triangular carrier u c1, u c2... u cN;
Step 5, by error signal u ea1with benchmark triangular signal u c1send into comparator, producing the signal for driving the 1st module breaker in middle pipe, making output current i o1keep stable;
Step 6, to total input voltage signal u isample, arranging voltage sample coefficient is k s/ N, by voltage sample coefficient k s/ N and total input voltage signal u isignal is obtained as all input voltage Setting signal u from module after being multiplied iref;
Step 7, input voltage u to the 2nd module i2sample, voltage sample coefficient k is set s, by voltage sample coefficient k swith input voltage u i2input voltage feedback signal u is obtained after being multiplied oc2;
Step 8, by the input voltage Setting signal u of the 2nd module irefwith input voltage feedback signal u oc2difference send into grading ring controller G vi2, obtain the error signal u that grading ring controller exports ea2;
Step 9, by the error signal u of the 2nd module ea2with benchmark triangular signal u c2send into comparator, producing the signal for driving the 2nd module breaker in middle pipe, making the input voltage u of the 2nd module i2remain total input voltage u i1/N;
Step 10, other from module repeat step 7 to step 9, complete input and all press, the control of output constant current.
In described step 5 and step 9, producing the signal being used for driver module breaker in middle pipe is pwm signal or the pwm signal with phase shift.
Described module topology is all kinds of isolated converter.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, the present invention compared with prior art, in system, primary module this module output voltage (or electric current) that only needs to sample forms Voltage loop (or electric current loop) controller, only need from module this module input voltage formation grading ring controller of sampling, input can be realized and all press.The present invention is without the need to total Centralized Controller, and each module also without the need to the transmission of control signal, achieves and completely independently controls.The present invention can not affect the output characteristic of ISOP system; Can meet modularized design needs, the control of each module can CONTROLLER DESIGN parameter separately, and Controller gain variations is simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of input series and output parallel (Input Series Out Parallel-ISOP) combined converter system (being called for short ISOP system);
Fig. 2 is the control principle schematic diagram of the input of modular combination DC converter described in embodiment one pressure equalizing control method;
Fig. 3 is the control principle schematic diagram of modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method middle described in embodiment two.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: composition graphs 1 and Fig. 2 illustrate present embodiment, the modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method described in present embodiment, for input series and output parallel DC converter system as shown in Figure 1, u i, i itotal input voltage and total input current respectively, i o, u obe respectively system output voltage and output current, u i1~ u iN, i i1~ i iN, i o1~ i oNbe respectively each module input voltage, input current and output current, i c1~ i cNbe respectively each module input derided capacitors electric current.
Present embodiment is applicable to control inputs series connection output-parallel (Input Series Out Parallel-ISOP) combined converter system constant voltage and exports, for the ISOP system that constant voltage exports, N number of module in described system, arranging the 1st module is primary module, residue module is from module, as shown in Figure 2, correspondingly in each module a separate controller is comprised; Primary module i.e. the 1st module adopts voltage controller, and be namely feedback with output voltage, ensure output voltage stabilization by control action, specific implementation is:
To output voltage u osample, with the voltage sample coefficient k arranged moutput voltage feedback signal u is obtained after being multiplied oc1, by u oc1the output voltage Setting signal u of signal and setting refdifference send into Voltage loop controller G vo1, obtain the error signal u that controller exports ea1, for generation of pulse-width signal (Pulse Width Modulation-PWM); Utilize u ea1signal and benchmark triangular carrier u c1relatively, producing the pwm signal as driving, sending in the switching device of module 1 main circuit, finally maintaining output voltage stabilization.
Respectively adopt even pressure controller from module, namely using respective input voltage as feedback, be given with the 1/N of total input voltage, ensure that each module divides equally total input voltage, specific implementation is:
To respective input voltage u in(n=2,3 ... N, lower same) sample, with the voltage sample coefficient k arranged sinput voltage feedback signal u is obtained after being multiplied ocn, by u ocnsignal and input voltage Setting signal u iref=u ik sthe difference of/N sends into grading ring controller G vin, obtain the error signal u that controller exports ean, utilize u eansignal and benchmark triangular carrier u cnrelatively, generation, as the pwm signal driven or the pwm signal (in the topologys such as phase-shifting full-bridge) with phase shift, is sent into each from the switching device of module main circuit respectively, and final maintenance input voltage is the 1/N of total input voltage.
By numeral or analog circuit, produce benchmark triangular carrier u c1, u c2... u cN;
After the system electrification of present embodiment, each controller is started working, the duty ratio of the pwm signal that each controller exports, under voltage controller effect, and output voltage u okeep stable, each from the even pressure controller effect of module, respectively remain total input voltage u from the input voltage of module i1/N, namely achieve input and all press.In essence, each module is the power output by adjusting oneself, makes it identical with the 1st module power output, thus maintenance is all pressed, and therefore modules all bears the 1/N exporting gross power.
The following describes the pressure equalizing control method that present embodiment proposes and be applied to the validity that constant voltage exports ISOP system.To simplify the analysis, be that the Buck race isolated form topological circuit of 1:1 is example with transformer voltage ratio, for Buck race topology, have U o=DU i, I i=DI o.Suppose that ISOP system each module main circuit is identical with control circuit parameter, conversion efficiency is also identical, then have u to the modules in the ISOP system of constant voltage output o=D nu in, i in=D ni on, D nfor the duty ratio of each module pwm signal.System be in input voltage divide equally state time, have u i1=u i2=...=u iNand i i1=i i2=...=i iN, therefore have D 1=D 2=...=D nand i o1=i o2=...=i oN, namely each module output current is identical, and power output is also identical.
Because each module output voltage is identical, the output current of each module will determine its power output, and then affect each module input voltage.Respectively its respective output current is not controlled from module, but using the input voltage affected by output current as control object, when departing from the u of requirement from module input voltage i/ N, the duty ratio of meeting adjusting module, in fact also just have adjusted output current and the power output of module, when each module power output reaches unanimity, the input voltage of each module also will reach unanimity.
Here make a concrete analysis of for two kinds of situations.(1) ISOP system be in input all press export the stable state of current-sharing time, as caused module input voltage to occur deviation because of certain reason, such as, have two modules to occur deviation, u i2>u i/ N, u i3<u i/ N, then, under the effect of Pressure and Control ring, the 2nd module can increase oneself duty ratio D 2, be equivalent to add from input power and electric capacity C 2place extracts the time of electric current, and input current increases, power output increases, electric capacity C 2need to provide more big current, thus can reduce its voltage u i2.In like manner, the 3rd module can reduce the duty ratio D of oneself 3, make u i3raise, final u i2, u i2be restored to u i/ N.(2) if improve u refmake output voltage u oraise, primary module can increase duty ratio D at once 1, then primary module is from input power and electric capacity C 1the time that place extracts electric current increases, u i1can decline, cause and respectively rise from module voltage input voltage, be i.e. u iN>u i/ N, respectively from module under the effect of respective Pressure and Control ring, increase respective duty ratio, respectively improve from the power output of module, final identical with primary module power output, input voltage is also equal.
Embodiment two: composition graphs 1 and Fig. 3 illustrate present embodiment, a kind of modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method described in present embodiment, present embodiment is applicable to control inputs series connection output-parallel (Input SeriesOut Parallel-ISOP) combined converter system constant current output, for the ISOP system of constant current output, N number of module in described system, arranging the 1st module is primary module, residue module is from module, as shown in Figure 3, each module is corresponding comprises a controller; Primary module i.e. the 1st module adopts current controller, with the output current i of the 1st module o1as feedback, using the 1/N of total output current as given, ensured that by control action the output current of the 1st module is the 1/N of total current, specific implementation is:
To the 1st module output current i o1sample, with the current sample coefficient k arranged moutput current feedback signal i is obtained after being multiplied oc1, by i oc1the output current Setting signal i of signal and setting ref1=i refthe difference of/N sends into current loop controller G io1, obtain the error signal u that controller exports ea1, for generation of pulse-width signal (Pulse Width Modulation-PWM); Utilize u ea1signal and benchmark triangular carrier u c1relatively, producing the pwm signal as driving, sending in the switching device of the 1st module, finally maintain the 1/N that output current is total output current.
For constant current output ISOP system, respectively identical with the control method exported in ISOP system in constant voltage embodiment one from the control method of module.
By numeral or analog circuit, produce benchmark triangular carrier u c1, u c2... u cN;
After the system electrification of present embodiment, each controller is started working, the duty ratio of the pwm signal that each controller exports, under voltage controller effect, and output current i o1keep stable, each from the even pressure controller effect of module, respectively remain total input voltage u from the input voltage of module i1/N, namely achieve input and all press.In essence, each module is the power output by adjusting oneself, makes it identical with the 1st module power output, thus maintenance is all pressed, and therefore modules all bears the 1/N exporting gross power.
The following describes the validity that pressure equalizing control method that present embodiment proposes is applied to constant current output ISOP system.To simplify the analysis, be that the Buck race isolated form topological circuit of 1:1 is example with transformer voltage ratio, for Buck race topology, have U o=DU i, I i=DI o.Suppose that ISOP system each module main circuit is identical with control circuit parameter, conversion efficiency is also identical, then have i to the modules in constant current output ISOP system o=i o1+ i o2+ ... + i oN, u o=D nu iN, i iN=D ni oN, D nfor the duty ratio of each module pwm signal.System be in input voltage divide equally state time, have u i1=u i2=...=u iNand i i1=i i2=...=i iN, therefore have D 1=D 2=...=D nand i o1=i o2=...=i oN, namely each module output current is identical, and power output is also identical.Because each module output current is identical, primary module only bears total output current of 1/N, and therefore the given value of current signal setting of primary module is i ref1=i ref/ N.
Because each module provides output current jointly, act on after in load and form total output voltage, therefore the output current of each module will determine its power output, and then affect each module input voltage.Respectively its respective output current is not controlled from module, but using the input voltage affected by output current as control object, when departing from the u of requirement from module input voltage i/ N, the duty ratio of meeting adjusting module, in fact also just have adjusted output current and the power output of module, when each module power output reaches unanimity, the input voltage of each module also will reach unanimity.
Here make a concrete analysis of for two kinds of situations.(1) ISOP system be in input all press export the stable state of current-sharing time, as caused module input voltage to occur deviation because of certain reason, such as, have two modules to occur deviation, u i2>u i/ N, u i3<u i/ N, then, under the effect of Pressure and Control ring, the 2nd module can increase oneself duty ratio D 2, be equivalent to add from input power and electric capacity C 2place extracts the time of electric current, and input current increases, power output increases, electric capacity C 2need to provide more big current, thus can reduce its voltage u i2.In like manner, the 3rd module can reduce the duty ratio D of oneself 3, make u i3raise, final u i2, u i2be restored to u i/ N.(2) if improve i refmake output current i oraise, primary module can due to i ref1increase and increase duty ratio D at once 1, then primary module is from input power and electric capacity C 1the time that place extracts electric current increases, u i1can decline, cause and respectively rise from module voltage input voltage, be i.e. u iN>u i/ N, respectively from module under the effect of respective Pressure and Control ring, increase respective duty ratio, respectively improve from the power output of module, final identical with primary module power output, input voltage is also equal.
To sum up, present embodiment proposes a kind of modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method, is applicable to the ISOP system of constant voltage output or constant current output.Use the method, primary module only needs to sample the output voltage of this module or output current, forms Voltage loop or current loop controller, and from module only need to sample this module input voltage and coordinate total input voltage, form grading ring controller, each module input voltage can be realized and divide equally.The outstanding advantages of the method is: the output characteristic of (1) ISOP system is not subject to Pressure and Control impact; (2) each module has respective controller, and module works alone completely, without the need to the control signal transmission of total Centralized Controller or intermodule, meets modular requirement.
In the present invention, module topology can be all kinds of isolated converters of normal shock, flyback, half-bridge, full-bridge etc.

Claims (5)

1. a modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method, it is characterized in that, described method is applicable to control inputs series connection output-parallel (Input Series Out Parallel-ISOP) combined converter system constant voltage and exports or constant current output, N number of module in described system, N be greater than 1 integer, arranging the 1st module is primary module, and residue module is from module; Come the total output voltage of control system or total output current by carrying out FEEDBACK CONTROL to primary module output voltage or output current, realize system constant voltage and export or constant current output, by respectively carrying out control from module input voltage ensures that system input voltage is divided equally.
2. modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method that control inputs series connection output-parallel (Input Series Out Parallel-ISOP) combined converter system constant voltage exports comprises:
Step one, the output voltage Setting signal u of the 1st module is set ref;
Step 2, output voltage u to the 1st module osample, voltage sample coefficient k is set m, by voltage sample coefficient k mwith output voltage u ooutput voltage feedback signal u is obtained after being multiplied oc1; Described u ofor total output voltage signal;
Step 3, by the output voltage Setting signal u of the 1st module refwith output voltage feedback signal u oc1difference send into Voltage loop controller G vo1, obtain the error signal u that Voltage loop controller exports ea1, for generation of pulse-width signal;
Step 4, acquisition benchmark triangular carrier u c1, u c2... u cN;
Step 5, by error signal u ea1with benchmark triangular signal u c1send into comparator, producing the signal for driving the 1st module breaker in middle pipe, making output voltage u okeep stable;
Step 6, to total input voltage signal u isample, arranging voltage sample coefficient is k s/ N, by voltage sample coefficient k s/ N and total input voltage signal u isignal is obtained as all input voltage Setting signal u from module after being multiplied iref;
Step 7, input voltage u to the 2nd module i2sample, voltage sample coefficient k is set s, by voltage sample coefficient k swith input voltage u i2input voltage feedback signal u is obtained after being multiplied oc2;
Step 8, by the input voltage Setting signal u of the 2nd module irefwith input voltage feedback signal u oc2difference send into grading ring controller G vi2, obtain the error signal u that grading ring controller exports ea2;
Step 9, by the error signal u of the 2nd module ea2with benchmark triangular signal u c2send into comparator, producing the signal for driving the 2nd module breaker in middle pipe, making the input voltage u of the 2nd module i2remain total input voltage u i1/N;
Step 10, other from module repeat step 7 to step 9, complete input and all press, constant voltage export control.
3. modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method for control inputs series connection output-parallel (Input Series Out Parallel-ISOP) combined converter system constant current output comprises:
Step one, the output current Setting signal i of the 1st module is set ref1, i ref1=i ref/ N, i reffor total output current Setting signal;
Step 2, output current i to the 1st module o1sample, current sample coefficient k is set m, by current sample coefficient k mwith output current i o1output current feedback signal i is obtained after being multiplied oc1;
Step 3, by the output current Setting signal i of the 1st module ref1with output current feedback signal i oc1difference send into current loop controller G io1, obtain the error signal u that current loop controller exports ea1, for generation of pulse-width signal;
Step 4, acquisition benchmark triangular carrier u c1, u c2... u cN;
Step 5, by error signal u ea1with benchmark triangular signal u c1send into comparator, producing the signal for driving the 1st module breaker in middle pipe, making output current i o1keep stable;
Step 6, to total input voltage signal u isample, arranging voltage sample coefficient is k s/ N, by voltage sample coefficient k s/ N and total input voltage signal u isignal is obtained as all input voltage Setting signal u from module after being multiplied iref;
Step 7, input voltage u to the 2nd module i2sample, voltage sample coefficient k is set s, by voltage sample coefficient k swith input voltage u i2input voltage feedback signal u is obtained after being multiplied oc2;
Step 8, by the input voltage Setting signal u of the 2nd module irefwith input voltage feedback signal u oc2difference send into grading ring controller G vi2, obtain the error signal u that grading ring controller exports ea2;
Step 9, by the error signal u of the 2nd module ea2with benchmark triangular signal u c2send into comparator, producing the signal for driving the 2nd module breaker in middle pipe, making the input voltage u of the 2nd module i2remain total input voltage u i1/N;
Step 10, other from module repeat step 7 to step 9, complete input and all press, the control of output constant current.
4. the modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, in described step 5 and step 9, producing the signal being used for driver module breaker in middle pipe is pwm signal or the pwm signal with phase shift.
5. modular combination DC converter input pressure equalizing control method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described module topology is all kinds of isolated converter.
CN201510400564.9A 2015-07-09 2015-07-09 Input voltage sharing control method of modularized combined direct-current converter Pending CN104993694A (en)

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