CN104949983A - Line scanning camera imaging method for object with variable thickness - Google Patents

Line scanning camera imaging method for object with variable thickness Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104949983A
CN104949983A CN201410120138.5A CN201410120138A CN104949983A CN 104949983 A CN104949983 A CN 104949983A CN 201410120138 A CN201410120138 A CN 201410120138A CN 104949983 A CN104949983 A CN 104949983A
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level crossing
imaging
angle
camera
light
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CN104949983B (en
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王康健
杨水山
宗德祥
何永辉
彭铁根
石桂芬
梁爽
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Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the machine vision detection and measurement field and provides a line scanning camera imaging method for an object with variable thickness. A camera (2) and a light source (1) form an imaging light path of a detection system in a set angle, a plane mirror set is arranged on a reflection light path of light rays of an imaged object, light rays are emitted from a light source and then enter the camera to be imaged through the plane mirror set after being reflected by an imaging surface (3); the plane mirror set comprises a first plane mirror (4) and a second plane mirror (5), the reflection surfaces of the first plane mirror and the second plane mirror are opposite and parallel, the first plane mirror and the second plane mirror rotate around rotating shafts passing through the center points of the width in a length direction respectively, and a distance between two plane mirrors can be adjusted; when the surface height of the imaged object is changed, the distance and the angle between two plane mirrors are adjusted to maintain the positions of the original imaging light source and the camera to be unchanged, and imaging can be realized effectively; and the method can be applied to the surface detection system for steel and iron plate blanks, copper tapes and the like, which have great vibration in thickness.

Description

The line scan camera formation method of object thickness change
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Machine Vision Detection and fields of measurement, particularly relate to the line scan camera formation method of a kind of object thickness change.
Background technology
Be detect medium based on the Machine Vision Detection of CCD imaging and measuring technique with image, there is the advantages such as detection speed is fast, precision is high, examination criteria consistance is good, be widely used in socialization large-scale production process.Wherein, based on the surface quality of strips online measuring technique of line scan camera, preserve the visual image result of surface imperfection, the quality report of text and quantification can be generated, become the important supplementary means of quality control.
At band steel production industry, machine vision Surface Quality Inspection System is widely used equally, has fully demonstrated this technology and has adapted to that high speed detection, detection perform are stable, reliably advantage, operator can be replaced to work in the presence of a harsh environment.In band steel thick plate Surface testing process, the variation in thickness very large (50-450mm) of sheet material, this change is considerably beyond the depth of field of camera imaging, and surface effectively imaging needs image-forming block (light source 1, camera 2) integral position to change, to adapt to the change of thick Strip height, as shown in Figure 1.It is constant that the movement of image-forming block will guarantee to detect light path, then need the light source 1 and the camera 2 that move integrally imaging, and movement frequent and micro-in application process makes system become complicated, and equipment attrition also can reduce the imaging precision of system.
Through the Searches of Patent Literature, the patent relating to line scan camera imaging and camera calibration is more, but it is little to change specific to image-forming range the patent being adjusted to picture.Chinese patent 200710046375.1 discloses a kind of band steel tracking imaging vision detection method, the method is a kind of method of synchronous adjustment light source and camera imaging in the bent position of band coil of strip is with coil diameter increase process, the method needs to move camera and light source simultaneously, and need the diameter change monitoring the roll coil of strip, the method complex structure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the line scan camera formation method that a kind of object thickness changes, the method is under the condition of limited adjustment image-forming block, realize the image acquisition process to variable height object, through the adjustment of image-forming block, imaging optical path and the effective imaging of imaging resolution can not be changed.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of line scan camera formation method of object thickness change, camera and light source are formed detection system imaging optical path with the angle of setting, configuration of plane mirror group on the reflected light path of object to be imaged light, light sends from light source, after imaging surface reflection, then enter camera imaging after level crossing group; Described level crossing group comprises the first level crossing and the second level crossing, first level crossing is relative and parallel with the second flat mirror reflects face, first level crossing and the second level crossing rotate with the length direction turning axle crossing width mid point respectively, and the distance between the first level crossing and the second level crossing can regulate;
When object to be imaged surface elevation changes, by the Distance geometry angle between adjustment level crossing group, maintain former imaging source and the constant situation of camera position, still can effectively imaging.
In described detection system imaging optical path, if: light source incidence angle is β, light through reflections off objects angle is α, as subject variation in thickness H ', camera imaging change in optical path length l ' can be caused, position generation offset d ' according to given detection light path incident angle and reflection angle, its calculating formula is:
(1)
In formula: l '--camera imaging change in optical path length;
D '--position offsets;
β--light source incidence angle;
α--light reflection angle;
H '--subject variation in thickness;
For guaranteeing imaging effect and parameter constant, height change and transversal displacement that catoptron group comes compensating image position need be adjusted; If the second level crossing is closer to camera, the second level crossing widthwise central O point position is fixed, and the axis adjusting the length direction of O point rotates, and its anglec of rotation is θ, the definition anglec of rotation θfor the angle of minute surface and horizontal direction; The position of the first level crossing is determined by its width mid point O ', and locate especially by relative O point height H and lateral excursion D, the first level crossing anglec of rotation is also θ;
(2)
Wherein: (3)
In formula: l '--camera imaging change in optical path length;
D '--position offsets;
α--light reflection angle;
θ-the angle of first, second level crossing minute surface and horizontal direction;
H –-the first level crossing width mid point O ' and the second level crossing width mid point O vertical height;
D--the first level crossing width mid point O ' and the second level crossing width mid point O lateral separation;
Wherein: l ', d ' are obtained by formula (1), light reflection angle αfor known, thus by formula (2) and (3) calculate H, θand D.
The described second level crossing anglec of rotation θvalue: 90 °- α > θ>-(90 °+ α).
Described first level crossing and the second level crossing are strip.
Line scan camera formation method of the present invention, under the condition of limited adjustment image-forming block, realizes the image acquisition process to variable height object, through the adjustment of image-forming block, can not change imaging optical path and the effective imaging of imaging resolution.Thus overcome when subject image-forming range change greatly, exceed the camera lens depth of field time need the deficiency of accurate adjustment camera and light source position, increase the applicability of image capture module in detection system.
Formation method of the present invention be concrete propose a kind of by rotate and the mirror-reflection adjusting one group of level crossing group changes the method for light path, when realizing the change of object to be imaged surface elevation, do not changing light source position, by means of only adjustment units of variance realize detect light path constant, etc. resolution imaging.
Formation method of the present invention can be applicable in the surface detecting system that iron and steel slab equal thickness changes greatly.While slab surface defects detection system needs to consider temperature protection, need to consider that strip variation in thickness is on the impact of imaging effect, in order to the stability of the sharpness and resolution that ensure imaging effect, just need the height adjusting image-forming block.The present invention, by adjustment one group of light ray bending device, realizes, to the adjustment and the control that detect light path, reaching the imaging effect that image acquisition critical component (camera and light source) invariant position but can adapt to plank thickness change.Along with popularizing application based on machine vision strip surface quality online measuring technique, the present invention has market application foreground widely.
In the surface detecting system that formation method of the present invention can be applicable to iron and steel slab, copper strips equal thickness changes greatly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that image-forming module height changes schematic diagram with object thickness;
Fig. 2 is light path variable mirror group schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is catoptron group position relationship schematic diagram of the present invention;
Adjustment catoptron group Distance geometry angle schematic diagram when Fig. 4 is image height of the present invention change;
Catoptron group Distance geometry angle schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is camera imaging light of the present invention vertical subject surface.
In figure: 1 light source, 2 cameras, 3 imaging surfaces, 4 first level crossings, 5 second level crossings, 11 first level crossing light directions and vertical direction angle, 12 first level crossing beam projecting directions and vertical direction angle, 13 first level crossings and the second level crossing and horizontal direction angle, the normal direction of 14 first level crossings and the second level crossing and vertical direction angle, 15 second level crossing beam projecting directions and vertical direction angle.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
A kind of line scan camera formation method of object thickness change, camera 2 and light source 1 are formed detection system imaging optical path with the angle of setting, configuration of plane mirror group on the reflected light path of object to be imaged light, light sends from light source 1, after imaging surface 3 reflects, then enter camera 2 imaging after level crossing group 4,5; Described level crossing group comprises the first level crossing 4 and the second level crossing 5, first level crossing 4 is relative and parallel with the second level crossing 5 reflecting surface, first level crossing 4 and the second level crossing 5 are strip, first level crossing 4 and the second level crossing 5 rotate with the length direction turning axle crossing width mid point respectively, and the distance between the first level crossing 4 and the second level crossing 5 can regulate.When object to be imaged surface elevation changes, by the Distance geometry angle between adjustment level crossing group, maintain former imaging source and the constant situation of camera position, still can effectively imaging, see Fig. 4.Specific as follows:
As shown in Figure 3, this group level crossing is the first level crossing 4 and the second level crossing 5, first level crossing 4 is relative and parallel with the second level crossing 5 reflecting surface, first level crossing 4 and the second level crossing 5 are strip, width is 20-100mm, length is determined according to concrete should being used for, suitable with the camera 2 imaging suite visual field, first level crossing 4 and the second level crossing 5 can rotate with the length direction turning axle crossing width mid point respectively, namely, turning axle is arranged on minute surface length direction, and turning axle rotates with width mid point, and the anglec of rotation is θ, the definition anglec of rotation θfor the angle of minute surface and horizontal direction, and the distance between the first level crossing 4 and the second level crossing 5 can regulate, and is specially the horizontal range between the first level crossing and the second level crossing dwith vertical distance hadjustment.
Camera 2(imageing sensor) accept the image formation by rays that reflects through level crossing group 4,5, when object to be imaged variation in thickness, by the angle and distance of adjustment level crossing group 4,5, realize the compensation to body surface image space height change and position skew.As shown in Figure 2, in detection system imaging optical path, if: light source incidence angle is β, light through reflections off objects angle is α, as subject variation in thickness H ', camera imaging change in optical path length l ' can be caused, position generation offset d ' according to given detection light path incident angle and reflection angle, its calculating formula is:
(1)
In formula: l '--camera imaging change in optical path length;
D '--position offsets;
β--light source incidence angle;
α--light reflection angle;
H '--subject variation in thickness;
For guaranteeing imaging effect and parameter constant, need the height change and the transversal displacement that are come compensating image position by adjustment catoptron group.As shown in Figure 3, if the second level crossing 5 is closer to camera 2, in position adjustment, the second level crossing 5 widthwise central O point position is fixed, and the axis adjusting the length direction of O point rotates, and its anglec of rotation is θ, the definition anglec of rotation θfor the angle of minute surface and horizontal direction.The position of the first level crossing 4 is determined by its width mid point O ', locates especially by relative O point height H and lateral excursion D, and first level crossing 4 anglec of rotation is also θ, ensure that the first level crossing 4 is parallel with the second level crossing 5 like this, and the light reflection face of the first level crossing 4 is relative with the second level crossing 5.Relative position thus between level crossing group and light is fixed, and can calculate.
As shown in Figure 3, the angle 15 of the first level crossing light direction and vertical direction angle 11, second level crossing beam projecting direction and vertical direction angle is α, level crossing and horizontal direction angle 13 are θ, level crossing normal direction and vertical direction angle 14 are θ, determine thus the angle of incidence of light of level crossing group and reflection angle be angle 14 with angle 15 and, namely α+ θ; First level crossing 4 and second level crossing 5 anglec of rotation θvalue: 90 °- α > θ>-(90 °+ α).Further, the first level crossing beam projecting direction can be calculated and vertical direction angle 12 is α+ 2 θ.Set up reflected light path difference, image space skew and the relational expression of reflector position thus:
(2)
Wherein: (3)
In formula: l '--camera imaging change in optical path length;
D '--position offsets;
α--light reflection angle;
θ-the angle of first, second level crossing minute surface and horizontal direction;
H –-the first level crossing width mid point O ' and the second level crossing width mid point O vertical height;
D--the first level crossing width mid point O ' and the second level crossing width mid point O lateral separation;
Wherein: l ', d ' are obtained by formula (1), light reflection angle αfor known, thus by formula (2) and (3) calculate H, θand D.According to calculating h, dwith θadjustment level crossing group 4,5, namely can effectively imaging to determining position.
See Fig. 4, the second level crossing 5 widthwise central O point position is fixed, an anglec of rotation θ, this angle increases along with the raising of body surface height, 90 ° as shown in Figure 3- α > θ>-(90 °+ α).First level crossing 4 needs carry out distance adjustment and angular setting simultaneously, and angle change to change with the second level crossing 5 and becomes, strict keeping parallelism.Change in location is calculated by above-mentioned.As shown in Figure 4, when object thickness by thin thickening time, namely change to B by A, the first level crossing 4 and the second level crossing 5 are apart from becoming large, the anglec of rotation θalso need to become large.
In particular cases, when camera imaging angle αwhen=0, see Fig. 5, namely during the vertical subject surface of camera imaging light, during subject variation in thickness, only adjust relative position height and the angle of level crossing.
Although it is pointed out that and to be fixed the second level crossing 5 widthwise central O point position in the embodiment of this case, adjust its anglec of rotation here θ, and then adjusting the Distance geometry anglec of rotation of the first level crossing 4 again, this embodiment is relatively simple and preferred.Other as: the first level crossing 4 widthwise central point position is fixed, and adjusts its anglec of rotation θ, and then adjust the Distance geometry anglec of rotation of the second level crossing 5 again; And the Distance geometry anglec of rotation of adjustment the first level crossing 4 and the second level crossing 5, be also invention thinking according to the invention.
These are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the protection domain of invention, therefore, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a line scan camera formation method for object thickness change, is characterized in that:
Camera and light source are formed detection system imaging optical path, configuration of plane mirror group on the reflected light path of object to be imaged light with the angle of setting, and light sends from light source, after imaging surface reflection, then enters camera imaging after level crossing group; Described level crossing group comprises the first level crossing and the second level crossing, first level crossing is relative and parallel with the second flat mirror reflects face, first level crossing and the second level crossing rotate with the length direction turning axle crossing width mid point respectively, and the distance between the first level crossing and the second level crossing can regulate;
When object to be imaged surface elevation changes, by the Distance geometry angle between adjustment level crossing group, maintain former imaging source and the constant situation of camera position, still can effectively imaging.
2. the line scan camera formation method of object thickness change according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described detection system imaging optical path, if: light source incidence angle is β, light through reflections off objects angle is α, as subject variation in thickness H ', camera imaging change in optical path length l ' can be caused, position generation offset d ' according to given detection light path incident angle and reflection angle, its calculating formula is:
(1)
In formula: l '--camera imaging change in optical path length;
D '--position offsets;
β--light source incidence angle;
α--light reflection angle;
H '--subject variation in thickness;
For guaranteeing imaging effect and parameter constant, height change and transversal displacement that catoptron group comes compensating image position need be adjusted; If the second level crossing is closer to camera, the second level crossing widthwise central O point position is fixed, and the axis adjusting the length direction of O point rotates, and its anglec of rotation is θ, the definition anglec of rotation θfor the angle of minute surface and horizontal direction; The position of the first level crossing is determined by its width mid point O ', and locate especially by relative O point height H and lateral excursion D, the first level crossing anglec of rotation is also θ;
(2)
Wherein: (3)
In formula: l '--camera imaging change in optical path length;
D '--position offsets;
α--light reflection angle;
θ-the angle of first, second level crossing minute surface and horizontal direction;
H –-the first level crossing width mid point O ' and the second level crossing width mid point O vertical height;
D--the first level crossing width mid point O ' and the second level crossing width mid point O lateral separation;
Wherein: l ', d ' are obtained by formula (1), light reflection angle αfor known, thus by formula (2) and (3) calculate H, θand D.
3. the line scan camera formation method of object thickness change according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the described second level crossing anglec of rotation θvalue: 90 °- α > θ>-(90 °+ α).
4. the line scan camera formation method of object thickness change according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described first level crossing and the second level crossing are strip.
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CN107292931A (en) * 2016-03-30 2017-10-24 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 The line scan camera detected for strip surface, which is turned back, is imaged calibration system and method
EP3400113A4 (en) * 2016-01-08 2019-05-29 4D Space Genius Inc. Robot for automated image acquisition
CN110974263A (en) * 2018-10-02 2020-04-10 通用电气公司 Method and system for mobile imaging system
CN111521618A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-08-11 衢州职业技术学院 Rapid bearing defect detection device for industrial robot and detection method thereof
CN111709261A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-09-25 江西景旺精密电路有限公司 PCB bar code reading device and adjusting method thereof
CN112485272A (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-03-12 紫创(南京)科技有限公司 Semiconductor detection device and detection method

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CN111709261A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-09-25 江西景旺精密电路有限公司 PCB bar code reading device and adjusting method thereof
CN112485272A (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-03-12 紫创(南京)科技有限公司 Semiconductor detection device and detection method
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