CN104848927A - Vibration detection system based on chirped grating sensing and wavelength division multiplexing technology - Google Patents
Vibration detection system based on chirped grating sensing and wavelength division multiplexing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN104848927A CN104848927A CN201510264329.3A CN201510264329A CN104848927A CN 104848927 A CN104848927 A CN 104848927A CN 201510264329 A CN201510264329 A CN 201510264329A CN 104848927 A CN104848927 A CN 104848927A
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Abstract
The invention provides a vibration detection system based on chirped grating sensing and a wavelength division multiplexing technology. The vibration detection system comprises a broadband light source, an optical coupler, a fiber grating vibration sensor group, a wavelength division multiplexing device, a photoelectric detector array and a signal acquisition processor. Light emitted by the broadband light source penetrates into the fiber grating vibration sensor group via the optical coupler, returned optical signals penetrate into the wavelength division multiplexing device via the optical coupler, and the output ends of the wavelength division multiplexing device are input to the signal acquisition processor through the photoelectric detector array; the fiber grating vibration sensor group is composed of multiple groups of fiber gratings on one optical fiber, and each group of gratings comprises two chirped fiber gratings; and the wavelength division multiplexing device comprises one input end and the n output ends. The vibration detection system provided by the invention can enlarge the detection scope of a fiber grating vibration detection system and improves the detection capability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical fiber sensing detection technology field, be specifically related to a kind of vibration detecting system based on chirp grating sensing and wavelength-division multiplex technique.
Background technology
Vibration is the inherent characteristic of all moving objects, contains abundant object state information in vibration signal.Therefore, Vibration Signal Detection is one of the basis and gordian technique of understanding and holding object moving state.In the diagnosis and detection of mechanized equipment, vibration detection technology plays an important role, and development rapidly.Can say, vibration detection is one of method the most promising in mechanized equipment state-detection and fault diagnosis.
In the vibration detection field of mechanized equipment, use at present comparatively widely still based on the monitoring method of electromagnetism class sensor.As Harbin Institute of Technology develops representative mechanical condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system-MMMD system.The Gao Jinji academician team of Beijing University of Chemical Technology has monitored more than 5700 and has overlapped pump, establishes equipment telemonitoring net and based on the maintenance of SOA framework and the intelligent platform of secured informationization, but these systems are all developed based on electromagnetic sensing technology.The electric vortex type displacement vibration transducer of the Bentley company exploitation of the U.S. is widely applied in plant equipment monitoring field.But for particular surroundings, as the mechanized equipment under high temperature, high pressure, the dangerous situation such as inflammable, explosive detects, above-mentioned detecting instrument and method are then difficult to be competent at.
Because optical fiber sensing technology has non-electric detection, the feature of intrinsic safety, becomes a kind of important detection means newly in hazard detection field.For the detection of mechanized equipment vibration signal, sensor and detection method thereof are crucial.The method for detecting vibration of fiber grating mainly contains: wavelength detecting method, phase-detection method, light-intensity test method etc.For the detection of high-frequency vibration signal, the subject matter of wavelength detecting method is that demodulation speed is difficult to meet testing requirement.And there is the problem of accuracy of detection difference in phase-detection rule.Light-intensity test method becomes one of maximum method of use because having the advantages such as demodulation speed is fast, pick-up unit is simple, cost of manufacture is low.
Light-intensity test method is a kind of vibration signal method based on double grating coupling and edge filter demodulation demodulation.It is the feature utilizing optical grating reflection to compose edge approximately linear, the grating making two wavelength approximate forms coupling at border area, the wavelength variations caused by vibration signal approximately linearly converts light intensity to, measures frequency and the amplitude of vibration signal by detecting light intensity magnitude.Although the method has above-mentioned advantage, expose some shortcomings part in the application: the first, accuracy of detection is not high yet.Testing result affects comparatively large by light source fluctuation and line loss, accuracy of detection is not high.For this point, patent of invention CN201010104541.0 introduces with reference to grating, and have employed light intensity ratio algorithm and solve this problem dexterously.The second, dynamic detection range is little.When the vibration amplitude of tested mechanized equipment is larger, the dynamic detection range of system can be exceeded; 3rd, detectability is not enough.The single channel of systems axiol-ogy instrument only can demodulation vibrating sensing signal, when check point is more, can not synchronously detect.Up to now, the latter two problems for light-intensity test method does not still have effective solution.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of vibration detecting system based on chirp grating sensing and wavelength-division multiplex technique, can increase optical fiber raster vibration detection system sensing range, and promote detectability.
The present invention for solving the problems of the technologies described above taked technical scheme is: a kind of vibration detecting system based on chirp grating sensing and wavelength-division multiplex technique, it is characterized in that: it comprises wideband light source, photo-coupler, optical fiber raster vibration sensor group, wavelength division multiplexer, photodetector array and signal acquisition process device, the light that wherein wideband light source sends enters optical fiber raster vibration sensor group through photo-coupler, the light signal that optical fiber raster vibration sensor group returns enters wavelength division multiplexer through photo-coupler, light signal is converted to electric signal by photodetector array and inputs to signal acquisition process device again by the output terminal of wavelength division multiplexer,
Described optical fiber raster vibration sensor group is the many groups fiber grating on an optical fiber, often organizes grating and comprises 2 chirped fiber gratings;
Described wavelength division multiplexer comprises an input end and n output terminal, export the light that n is positioned at different-waveband, band of light is wider than the maximum bandwidth of optical fiber raster vibration sensor group reflectance spectrum, each output terminal connects a photodetector, the photodetector array described in n photodetector is formed.
By such scheme, described photo-coupler is 3dB photo-coupler, and described chirped fiber grating three dB bandwidth is all greater than 2nm, and central wavelength difference is less than 0.5nm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: adopt chirped fiber grating as sensing element, and the linear matched expanding sensing grating is interval, can significantly improve the dynamic detection range of optical fiber raster vibration sensor; Adopt wavelength division multiplexer, multiple optical fiber raster vibration sensor can be made to be multiplexed on an optical fiber, make the Signal separator of each sensor when detecting and carry out independent detection again, therefore after increasing wavelength division multiplexer in demodulation light path, the quantity of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator list passage carry sensors is significantly improved, and enhances the detectability of system; By adopting present system, reducing the manufacture difficulty of optical fiber raster vibration sensor and the comprehensive manufacturing cost of system, being adapted at applying in engineering reality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of optical fiber raster vibration sensor.
In figure: 1-wideband light source, 2-photo-coupler, 3-wavelength division multiplexer, 4-photodetector array, 5-optical fiber raster vibration sensor group, 6-signal acquisition process device.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with instantiation and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the invention, vibration detecting system based on chirp grating sensing and wavelength-division multiplex technique comprises wideband light source 1, photo-coupler 2, optical fiber raster vibration sensor group 5, wavelength division multiplexer 3, photodetector array 4 and signal acquisition process device 6, the light that wherein wideband light source 1 sends enters optical fiber raster vibration sensor group 5 through photo-coupler 2, the light signal that optical fiber raster vibration sensor group 5 returns enters wavelength division multiplexer 3 through photo-coupler 2, light signal is converted to electric signal by photodetector array 4 and inputs to signal acquisition process device 6 again by the output terminal of wavelength division multiplexer 3.
Described optical fiber raster vibration sensor group is the many groups fiber grating on an optical fiber, as shown in Figure 2, often organizes grating and comprises 2 chirped fiber gratings.
Described wavelength division multiplexer comprises an input end and n output terminal, export the light that n is positioned at different-waveband, band of light is wider than the maximum bandwidth of optical fiber raster vibration sensor group reflectance spectrum, each output terminal connects a photodetector, the photodetector array described in n photodetector is formed.
In the present embodiment, described photo-coupler is 3dB photo-coupler, and described chirped fiber grating three dB bandwidth is all greater than 2nm, and central wavelength difference is less than 0.5nm, and its reflectance spectrum is in most of overlap condition, namely mates.Adopt chirped fiber grating as sensing grating, make the dynamic detection range of optical fiber raster vibration sensor improve several times.The reflectance spectrum often organizing grating, all in wideband light source spectrum, keeps certain interval (wavelength interval is greater than 2nm) between the reflectance spectrum often organizing grating, avoids harassing between the signal of different sensors, improves the accuracy and reliability measured.Often organize the output terminal that grating corresponds to wavelength division multiplexer.
4 groups of gratings, for water pump, are arranged on 1 foot bolt of the upper and homonymy of the bearing seat (vertical, level installs 1 to axially each) of the non-shaft coupling side of water pump assembly by the present invention.The head and the tail of 4 groups of gratings are connected successively, is multiplexed on an optical fiber.Due to water pump assembly at the scene, and checkout equipment etc. are placed on operation room, also need the transmission cable of 200 meters, transfer signals to operation room.The bandwidth of the present embodiment middle width strip light source is 1280 ~ 1325nm, and luminous power is 18 μ w.Wavelength division multiplexer is 1 × 4 type structure, and have 4 available band, its centre wavelength is respectively 1290nm, 1300nm, 1310nm, 1320nm, and the wavelength coverage of every wave band is 5nm, wave band interval 5nm.The light that wideband light source sends is irradiated in optical fiber raster vibration sensor group after 3dB photo-coupler, enter in wavelength division multiplexer through 3dB photo-coupler again after the light satisfied condition is reflected, the light of different wave length exports from the corresponding output terminal of wavelength division multiplexer, export after light enters photodetector array and be converted into corresponding electric signal, then send in signal acquisition process device.
The Cleaning Principle of optical fiber raster vibration detection system: when optical fiber raster vibration sensor vibrates together along with water pump, the reflectance spectrum of sensing grating is moved, the envelope size generating period of reflectance spectrum sexually revises, namely the output intensity of sensor also produces cyclical variation, its change frequency equals the vibration frequency of water pump assembly, and amplitude of variation reflects the amplitude size of water pump assembly indirectly.Light intensity signal changes into electric signal by pick-up unit 6, and sends in computing machine and carry out acquisition and processing, directly shows the Vibration Parameter of water pump assembly.In the present embodiment, the rated speed of water pump assembly is 1200 turns/min, and turning frequently is 20Hz, and the frequency acquisition arranging system is 2560Hz.When water pump assembly works, 4 groups of gratings have response, and its time domain response is similar, but by finding after frequency-domain analysis, the amplitude of different frequency composition there are differences.Can find out, the vibration acceleration spectrum of bearing seat is the synthesis of the multistage harmonic component based on fundamental frequency, reflects the status flag under water pump assembly duty preferably.Peak acceleration effective value is 18.45ms
-2, to obtain result basically identical with hand-held meter device.This embodiment demonstrates feasibility of the present invention.
According to actual needs, space division multiplexing technological system is utilized to realize dilatation, the detection system of the passages such as formation 1,2,4,8,16, improve the detectability of system, the demand that multiple stage mechanized equipment (group) carries out detecting simultaneously can be met, long-range, the on-line monitoring of multiple stage big machinery equipment vibration signal can be realized.
Above embodiment is only for illustration of design philosophy of the present invention and feature, and its object is to enable those skilled in the art understand content of the present invention and implement according to this, protection scope of the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment.So all equivalent variations of doing according to disclosed principle, mentality of designing or modification, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the vibration detecting system based on chirp grating sensing and wavelength-division multiplex technique, it is characterized in that: it comprises wideband light source, photo-coupler, optical fiber raster vibration sensor group, wavelength division multiplexer, photodetector array and signal acquisition process device, the light that wherein wideband light source sends enters optical fiber raster vibration sensor group through photo-coupler, the light signal that optical fiber raster vibration sensor group returns enters wavelength division multiplexer through photo-coupler, light signal is converted to electric signal by photodetector array and inputs to signal acquisition process device again by the output terminal of wavelength division multiplexer,
Described optical fiber raster vibration sensor group is the many groups fiber grating on an optical fiber, often organizes grating and comprises 2 chirped fiber gratings;
Described wavelength division multiplexer comprises an input end and n output terminal, export the light that n is positioned at different-waveband, band of light is wider than the maximum bandwidth of optical fiber raster vibration sensor group reflectance spectrum, each output terminal connects a photodetector, the photodetector array described in n photodetector is formed.
2. the vibration detecting system based on chirp grating sensing and wavelength-division multiplex technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described photo-coupler is 3dB photo-coupler, described chirped fiber grating three dB bandwidth is all greater than 2nm, and central wavelength difference is less than 0.5nm.
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| CN104848980A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-08-19 | 武汉理工大学 | Bridge stay cable force online detection method and system based on fiber sensing |
| CN105806468A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-27 | 华中科技大学 | Fiber bragg grating vibration sensor and detection device thereof |
| CN106092304A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-09 | 武汉理工大学 | For monitoring the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor system of blasting vibration |
| CN108593622A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-09-28 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of intelligent integration optical fiber sensing system for petrochemical iy produced process and its real-time monitoring, diagnosing method |
| CN109001121A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-14 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of distributed fiber grating nutrient solution pH on-line detecting system and detection method |
| CN110940411A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-31 | 武汉理工大学 | Chirp grating vibration sensor and detection system thereof |
| GB2596257B (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2022-06-08 | Silixa Ltd | Method and apparatus for optical sensing |
| CN114777822A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-22 | 南京大学 | Fiber grating array synchronous sensing system based on multi-wavelength tunable laser |
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Cited By (11)
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| GB2596257B (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2022-06-08 | Silixa Ltd | Method and apparatus for optical sensing |
| US11719560B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2023-08-08 | Silixa Ltd. | Method and apparatus for optical sensing |
| CN104848980A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-08-19 | 武汉理工大学 | Bridge stay cable force online detection method and system based on fiber sensing |
| CN105806468A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-27 | 华中科技大学 | Fiber bragg grating vibration sensor and detection device thereof |
| CN106092304A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-09 | 武汉理工大学 | For monitoring the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor system of blasting vibration |
| CN106092304B (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2019-01-25 | 武汉理工大学 | For monitoring the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor system of blasting vibration |
| CN108593622A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-09-28 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of intelligent integration optical fiber sensing system for petrochemical iy produced process and its real-time monitoring, diagnosing method |
| CN109001121A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-14 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of distributed fiber grating nutrient solution pH on-line detecting system and detection method |
| CN110940411A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-31 | 武汉理工大学 | Chirp grating vibration sensor and detection system thereof |
| CN114777822A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-22 | 南京大学 | Fiber grating array synchronous sensing system based on multi-wavelength tunable laser |
| CN114777822B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2024-03-19 | 南京大学 | Fiber bragg grating array synchronous sensing system based on multi-wavelength tunable laser |
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