CN104584096A - 由智能数字助理进行的中断的上下文相关处理 - Google Patents

由智能数字助理进行的中断的上下文相关处理 Download PDF

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CN104584096A
CN104584096A CN201380045211.0A CN201380045211A CN104584096A CN 104584096 A CN104584096 A CN 104584096A CN 201380045211 A CN201380045211 A CN 201380045211A CN 104584096 A CN104584096 A CN 104584096A
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CN104584096B (zh
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M·范奥斯
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Apple Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10LSPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L15/00Speech recognition
    • G10L15/22Procedures used during a speech recognition process, e.g. man-machine dialogue
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/16Sound input; Sound output
    • G06F3/167Audio in a user interface, e.g. using voice commands for navigating, audio feedback
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/26Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
    • G01C21/34Route searching; Route guidance
    • G01C21/36Input/output arrangements for on-board computers
    • G01C21/3626Details of the output of route guidance instructions
    • G01C21/3629Guidance using speech or audio output, e.g. text-to-speech

Abstract

本发明公开了与由数字助理进行的智能中断处理相关的方法和系统。在一些实施例中,响应于接收到第一语音输入而发起第一信息提供过程。该第一信息提供过程包括准备对第一语音输入的第一响应和第二响应。在将第一响应提供至用户之后或同时,但在将第二响应提供至用户之前,检测到用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件。响应于检测到该事件而发起第二信息提供过程。该第二信息提供过程包括准备对事件的第三响应。确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序将第二响应和第三响应中的一者提供至用户。

Description

由智能数字助理进行的中断的上下文相关处理
技术领域
本发明所公开的实施例整体涉及数字助理,并且更具体地涉及基于当前的上下文来智能地处理用户发起和/或系统发起的中断的数字助理。
背景技术
正如人类个人助理一样,数字助理或虚拟助理可执行所请求的任务并提供所请求的建议、信息或服务。助理的满足用户请求的能力取决于助理对请求或指令的正确理解。自然语言处理的新进展已使得用户能够使用口语或文本形式的自然语言而不是采用常规的用户界面(例如,菜单或经编程的命令)来与数字助理进行交互。此类数字助理可解释用户的输入以推断用户的意图;将所推断出的意图转化成可执行的任务和参数;执行操作或部署服务以执行任务;以及产生可被用户理解的输出。理想的是,由数字助理产生的输出应满足在用户和数字助理之间的自然语言交互期间所表达的用户的意图。
数字助理系统对用户请求产生令人满意的响应的能力取决于由该系统实施的自然语言处理、知识库和人工智能。经良好设计的响应过程可改善在与系统进行交互的过程中的用户体验并提升对系统的服务和能力的用户的信心。
发明内容
本文所公开的实施例提供了数字助理用于智能地并且动态地确定如何基于当前的上下文来处理用户发起和/或系统发起的对当前进行的现有任务的中断的方法、系统、计算机可读存储介质以及用户界面。在一些实施例中,数字助理评估递送与现有任务相关联的输出和递送与中断相关联的输出之间的相对紧迫性,并基于所确定的相对紧迫性来确定如何排定输出的递送的优先级。在一些实施例中,基于形成当前的上下文的多个相关因素(例如,还被称为“优先级参数”)来评估该相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,仅当数字助理检测到默认递送时间和两个输出的输出通道之间的冲突时,该相对紧迫性才被评估并用于排定与现有任务和中断相关联的相应输出的递送的优先级。在一些实施例中,基于动态地确定的相对紧迫性,数字助理排定两个输出的递送的优先级并根据优先级实时地执行递送。在一些实施例中,除了该相对紧迫性之外,数字助理还评估在该输出的相应默认递送时间递送该输出的重要程度,即,在输出的递送时间方面的相对灵活性。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于两个输出之间的所确定的相对紧迫性以及所确定的相对灵活性两者来调节输出中一者或两者的递送时间。
因此,一些实施例提供了用于操作数字助理的方法,该方法包括,在包括存储一个或多个程序的存储器以及一个或多个处理器的设备处:从用户接收第一语音输入;响应于接收到第一语音输入而发起第一信息提供过程,该第一信息提供过程包括准备对第一语音输入的至少第一响应和第二响应;将第一响应提供至用户;在将第一响应提供至用户之后或同时,但在将第二响应提供至用户之前,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件;响应于检测到该事件而发起第二信息提供过程,该第二信息提供过程包括准备对该事件的至少第三响应;确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性;并且基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序将第二响应和第三响应中的一者提供至用户。
在一些实施例中,第一响应和第二响应是对第一语音输入的一系列离散子响应中的两个连续子响应。在一些实施例中,第一信息提供过程还包括在延长的时间段内一次一个地将该一系列离散子响应提供至用户,而无需来自用户的另外的提示。
在一些实施例中,提供该一系列离散子响应中的全部离散子响应使第一信息提供过程终止。
在一些实施例中,第一语音输入为导航请求,并且第一响应和第二响应为响应于导航请求而准备的与沿着路线的两个不同路点相关联的两个导航指令。
在一些实施例中,第一语音输入为搜索请求,并且第一响应和第二响应为用于读出响应于该搜索请求而检索到的两个不同搜索结果的语音输出。
在一些实施例中,第一语音输入为列表读出请求,并且第一响应为对信息项列表或信息项子集进行汇总的语音输出,或者为用于读出信息项列表中的至少一个信息项的内容的语音输出。在一些实施例中,列表读出请求为对读出以下中的一者的请求:烹饪菜谱、电子邮件消息列表、搜索结果列表、指令列表、诊断过程列表、常规锻炼项目列表、日历条目列表、提醒列表、导航指令列表、语音邮件消息列表以及SMS消息列表。
在一些实施例中,第一语音输入为对建立将在稍后的时间由指定的触发事件的发生来触发的提醒的请求,第一响应为对第一语音输入的确认,并且第二响应为将在稍后的时间被递送至用户的警示项。
在一些实施例中,事件为从用户接收到第二语音输入。在一些实施例中,第三响应为对第二语音输入的完整响应。在一些实施例中,第三响应为对将在延长的时间段内提供至用户的第二语音输入的一系列子响应中的初始子响应。
在一些实施例中,事件为针对先前建立的提醒的触发事件的发生。在一些实施例中,第三响应为用于提供提醒的内容的语音输出。
在一些实施例中,事件为推送通知的到达。在一些实施例中,第三响应为用于提供推送通知的内容的语音输出。
在一些实施例中,事件为接收到不改变第二响应的有效性的第二语音输入。
在一些实施例中,事件包括接收到定向至数字助理的语音输入以及通过当前由数字助理控制的应用程序或过程来生成警示或提醒。
在一些实施例中,第一语音输入为第一信息请求,事件为接收到第二信息请求,并且第二响应和第三响应为用于提供由第一信息请求和第二信息请求所请求的相应信息的两个语音输出。
在一些实施例中,第一语音输入为对建立将在稍后的时间被递送的提醒的请求,事件为接收到信息请求,第二响应为用于提供所建立的提醒的内容的警示项,并且第三响应为用于提供响应于信息请求而检索到的信息的语音输出。
在一些实施例中,第一语音输入为信息请求,事件为针对先前建立的提醒的触发事件的发生或推送通知的到达,第二响应为用于提供响应于信息请求而检索到的信息的语音输出,并且第三响应为用于提供先前建立的提醒或推送通知的内容的警示项。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:确定数字助理当前是否正在免提模式或免视模式下工作;并且当确定数字助理当前正在免提模式或免视模式下工作时,确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:检测到用户当前正在运动;并且当检测到用户当前正在运动时,调用数字助理的免提模式或免视模式。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:检测到用户当前正在执行以下动作中的一个动作:对车辆进行导航、行走、慢跑、锻炼以及操作当前不由数字助理控制的设备或应用程序;并且根据所述检测,调用免提模式或免视模式。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:确定第二响应和第三响应是否适合在设备的不同输出通道上并行地被提供;并且当确定第二响应和第三响应不适合在设备的不同输出通道上并行地被提供时,确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:检测到数字助理正在免提或免视模式下工作;并且当检测到数字助理正在免提或免视模式下工作时,确定第二响应和第三响应不适合在不同输出通道上并行地被提供。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:检测到数字助理正在免提或免视模式下工作;并且提供第二响应和第三响应作为经由设备的音频输出通道的相应语音输出。
在一些实施例中,第一信息提供过程还包括:处理第一语音输入以识别第一语音输入中所表达的信息请求;识别多个信息项以满足该信息请求;并且准备对第一语音输入的一系列离散子响应,该一系列离散子响应至少包括各自描述所述多个信息项中的相应的一个或多个信息项的第一响应和第二响应,并且该一系列子响应共同构成对第一语音输入的完整响应。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:确定用于递送对第一语音输入的该一系列子响应中的每个子响应的相应默认时间。在一些实施例中,该方法还包括基于第二响应和第三响应之间的所确定的相对紧迫性来动态地覆写用于递送第二响应的相应默认时间。在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:确定用于将第三响应递送至用户的相应默认时间;并且基于第二响应和第三响应之间的所确定的相对紧迫性来动态地覆写用于递送第三响应的相应默认时间。
在一些实施例中,信息请求为导航请求,第二响应为沿预先确定的路线的导航指令,并且其中第一信息提供过程还包括确定用于在车辆导航期间提供导航指令的相应默认时间。在一些实施例中,确定用于提供导航指令的相应默认时间还包括:基于用户的当前位置和沿预先确定的路线与第二响应相关联的相应路点之间的预先确定的接近度来确定该相应默认时间。在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:确定用于递送第三响应的相应默认时间;并且动态地覆写用于递送第二响应和第三响应的相应默认递送时间中的至少一个相应默认递送时间。在一些实施例中,用于递送第三响应的相应默认时间为紧接在第三响应变得可用之后的时间。在一些实施例中,用于递送第三响应的相应默认时间为紧接在发生针对第三响应的预先确定的触发事件之后的时间。在一些实施例中,预先确定的触发事件为到达基于系统时钟的预先确定的触发时间。在一些实施例中,预先确定的触发事件为预先确定的触发消息到达设备处。
在一些实施例中,确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性还包括:确定与用户相关联的目前的上下文;并且基于与用户相关联的目前的上下文来确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,与用户相关联的目前的上下文由以下中的一者或多者形成:用户的当前位置、用户的当前速度、用户的当前行进方向、当前时间、一个或多个预先确定的用户偏好、与第二响应相关联的位置、与第三响应相关联的位置、将第二响应递送至用户所需的时间段、将第三响应递送至用户所需的时间段、用于将第二响应递送至用户的默认时间、用于将第三响应递送至用户的默认时间、第二响应和第三响应之间的冲突程度、第二响应的内容、第三响应的内容、第二响应将可能保持相关的时间窗口、第三响应将可能保持相关的时间窗口、在第三响应之前递送第二响应的可能结果、以及在第二响应之前递送第三响应的可能结果。
在一些实施例中,确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性还包括确定第二响应是否与在距用户的当前位置预先确定的距离内的位置相关联。在一些实施例中,预先确定的距离基于用户的当前速度。
在一些实施例中,确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性还包括确定用户是否可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二响应相关联的位置。
在一些实施例中,预先确定的时间窗口基于将第三响应递送至用户所需的相应时间段。
在一些实施例中,确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性还包括:当确定用户可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二响应相关联的位置时,向第二响应分配比第三响应更高的紧迫性级别。
在一些实施例中,确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性还包括:当确定用户不可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二响应相关联的位置时,向第三响应分配比第二响应更高的紧迫性级别。
在一些实施例中,确定与用户相关联的目前的上下文还包括:监测用户的当前位置、当前方向和当前速度;并且基于该监测来确定目前的上下文。
在一些实施例中,第二响应响应于第一语音输入而提供信息项,并且第三响应为针对先前建立的提醒或推送通知的到达所生成的警示项,并且其中该方法还包括:基于目前的上下文,确定在第二响应的相应默认递送时间递送第二响应是否可能不利地影响对用户的提醒或推送通知的实用性。在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:当确定在相应默认递送时间递送第二响应可能影响提醒或通知的实用性时,向第二响应分配比第三响应更低的相对紧迫性;并且延迟递送第二响应,直到将提醒或推送通知递送至用户之后。在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:当确定在相应默认递送时间递送第二响应不可能影响提醒或通知的实用性时,向第二响应分配比第三响应更高的相对紧迫性;并且延迟递送提醒或推送通知的警示项,直到将第二响应递送至用户之后。
在一些实施例中,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件还包括在提供对第一语音输入的任何响应之前接收第二语音输入,并且接收第二语音输入用于发起第二信息过程。
在一些实施例中,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件还包括在提供对第一语音输入的一系列响应中的至少一个响应之后并且在将该一系列响应中的全部响应提供至用户之前接收第二语音输入。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:基于第二响应和第三响应的相应默认递送时间来检测在第二响应和第三响应的递送之间是否存在定时冲突;当检测到该定时冲突时,确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性;并且基于所确定的相对紧迫性来覆写第二响应和第三响应中的一者的相应默认递送时间。
在一些实施例中,第二响应的相应默认递送时间为第二响应的预计递送时间,如同第二响应是等待被递送至用户的唯一响应那样。
在一些实施例中,第三响应的相应默认递送时间为第三响应的预计递送时间,如同第三响应是等待被递送至用户的唯一响应那样。
在一些实施例中,检测是否存在定时冲突还基于当被递送至用户时第二响应和第三响应的相应持续时间。
在一些实施例中,一种方法包括上述方法的任何组合的特征。在一些实施例中,一种非暂态计算机可读介质,所述非暂态计算机可读介质上存储有指令,该指令当由一个或多个处理器执行时使得处理器执行上述方法中的任一方法。在一些实施例中,一种系统包括一个或多个处理器;以及存储器,所述存储器上存储有指令,该指令当由一个或多个处理器执行时使得处理器执行上述方法中的任一方法。
在一些实施例中,一种操作数字助理的方法,包括:在具有存储器和一个或多个处理器的设备处:从用户接收导航请求;响应于该导航请求而发起第一信息提供过程,该第一信息提供过程包括准备至少第一导航指令和第二导航指令;在与第一导航指令相关联的相应默认递送时间处将第一导航指令递送至用户;在递送第一导航指令之后或同时,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件;响应于检测到事件而发起第二信息提供过程,该第二信息提供过程包括准备将被递送至用户的关于该事件的相应输出;确定第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性;并且基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供第二导航指令以及关于该事件的输出。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:确定第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出的相应默认递送时间;并且根据第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出的相应默认递送时间来确定在两者的递送之间是否存在定时冲突。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:当检测到定时冲突时,确定第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:基于所确定的相对紧迫性来覆写第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出的相应默认递送时间中的至少一个相应默认递送时间。
在一些实施例中,检测该事件还包括从用户接收信息请求,其中该信息请求不修改方向请求。
在一些实施例中,关于该事件的输出至少包括语音输出,该语音输出包含响应于信息请求而检索到的信息。
在一些实施例中,检测该事件还包括检测针对先前建立的提醒的触发事件的发生。在一些实施例中,关于该事件的输出至少包括提供先前建立的提醒的内容的警示项。在一些实施例中,用于递送关于该事件的输出的相应默认时间为在先前建立的提醒中指定的提醒时间。
在一些实施例中,检测该事件还包括:检测到来自当前不由数字助理控制的应用程序或过程的推送通知的到达;并且在向用户呈现推送通知之前拦截推送通知。在一些实施例中,关于该事件的输出为由数字助理准备的关于推送通知的到达的语音输出。在一些实施例中,用于递送关于该事件的输出的相应默认时间紧接在推送通知的到达之后。
在一些实施例中,基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出还包括:确定第二导航指令具有比关于该事件的输出更高的相对紧迫性;并且在关于该事件的输出之前递送第二导航指令。
在一些实施例中,基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出还包括:确定第二导航指令具有比关于该事件的输出更低的相对紧迫性;并且在关于该事件的输出之后递送第二导航指令。
在一些实施例中,用于提供第二导航指令的相应默认时间基于用户的当前位置和与第二导航指令相关联的相应路点之间的预先确定的接近度。
在一些实施例中,确定第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性还包括:确定与用户相关联的目前的上下文;并且基于与用户相关联的目前的上下文来确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。
在一些实施例中,确定第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性还包括:确定第二导航指令是否与在距用户的当前位置预先确定的距离内的路点相关联。
在一些实施例中,确定第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性还包括:确定用户是否可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二导航指令相关联的路点。在一些实施例中,预先确定的时间窗口基于将第三响应递送至用户所需的相应时间缓冲。
在一些实施例中,确定第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性还包括:当确定用户可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二导航指令相关联的路点时,向第二导航指令分配比关于该事件的输出更高的紧迫性级别。
在一些实施例中,确定第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性还包括:当确定用户不可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二导航指令相关联的路点时,向第二导航指令分配比关于该事件的输出更高的紧迫性级别。
在一些实施例中,确定与用户相关联的目前的上下文还包括:监测用户的当前位置、当前方向和当前速度;并且基于该监测来确定目前的上下文。
在一些实施例中,关于该事件的输出是针对先前建立的提醒或第三方通知的到达而生成的警示项,并且确定相对紧迫性还包括:基于目前的上下文,确定在第二导航指令的相应默认递送时间递送第二导航指令是否可能不利地影响对用户的提醒或通知的实用性。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:当确定在第二导航指令的相应默认递送时间递送第二导航指令可能影响提醒或通知的实用性时,向第二导航指令分配比警示项更低的相对紧迫性;并且延迟递送第二导航指令,直到将针对提醒或通知的警示项递送至用户之后。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:当确定在第二导航指令的相应默认递送时间递送第二导航指令不可能影响提醒或通知的实用性时,向第二导航指令分配比针对提醒或通知的警示项更高的相对紧迫性;并且延迟递送针对提醒或通知的警示项,直到将第二导航指令递送至用户之后。
在一些实施例中,在先前建立的提醒中指定的提醒时间和在先前建立的提醒中指定的事件时间之前所需的阈值量的准备时间之间的周期期间,提醒或通知的实用性不可能受到影响。
根据一些实施例,电子设备包括存储器、一个或多个处理器和一个或多个程序;该一个或多个程序被存储在存储器中并被配置为由一个或多个处理器执行,并且该一个或多个程序包括用于执行上述方法中的任一方法的操作的指令。根据一些实施例,计算机可读存储介质已将指令存储在其中,当该指令由电子设备执行时使得该设备执行上述方法中的任一方法的操作。根据一些实施例,电子设备包括用于执行上述方法中的任一方法的操作的装置。根据一些实施例,在电子设备中使用的信息处理装置包括用于执行上述方法中的任一方法的操作的装置。
根据一些实施例,电子设备包括:语音接收单元,该语音接收单元被配置为从用户接收第一语音输入;第一信息提供单元,该第一信息提供单元被配置为响应于接收到第一语音输入而发起第一信息提供过程,该第一信息提供过程包括准备对第一语音输入的至少第一响应和第二响应;第一响应提供单元,该第一响应提供单元被配置为将第一响应提供至用户;检测单元,该检测单元被配置为在将第一响应提供至用户之后或同时,但在将第二响应提供至用户之前,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件;第二信息提供单元,该第二信息提供单元被配置为响应于检测到事件而发起第二信息提供过程,该第二信息提供过程包括准备对事件的至少第三响应;紧迫性确定单元,该紧迫性确定单元被配置为确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性;以及第二响应提供单元,该第二响应提供单元被配置为基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序将第二响应和第三响应中的一者提供至用户。
根据一些实施例,电子设备包括:请求接收单元,该请求接收单元被配置为从用户接收导航请求;第一信息提供单元,该第一信息提供单元被配置为响应于导航请求而发起第一信息提供过程,该第一信息提供过程包括准备至少第一导航指令和第二导航指令;递送单元,该递送单元被配置为在与第一导航指令相关联的相应默认递送时间处将第一导航指令递送至用户;检测单元,该检测单元被配置为在递送第一导航指令之后或同时,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件;第二信息提供单元,该第二信息提供单元被配置为响应于检测到事件而发起第二信息提供过程,该第二信息提供过程包括准备将被递送至用户的关于该事件的相应输出;紧迫性确定单元,该紧迫性确定单元被配置为确定第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性;以及指令提供单元,该指令提供单元被配置为基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供第二导航指令以及关于该事件的输出。
在附图和以下说明书中阐述了本说明书中所述的主题的一个或多个实施例的细节。根据说明书、附图及权利要求,该主题的其他特征、方面和优点将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1为示出根据一些实施例的数字助理在其中工作的环境的框图。
图2为示出根据一些实施例的数字助理客户端系统的框图。
图3A为示出根据一些实施例的数字助理系统或其服务器部分的框图。
图3B为示出根据一些实施例的图3A所示的数字助理的功能的框图。
图3C为根据一些实施例的知识本体的一部分的图示。
图4为根据一些实施例的用于智能地处理用户发起和/或系统发起的对现有任务的中断的示例性过程的流程图。
图5A为示出根据一些实施例的示例性场景的图示,其中当数字助理正于车辆导航期间递送导航指令时智能地处理用户发起和/或系统发起的中断。
图5B为根据一些实施例的示例性过程的流程图,该示例性过程用于当数字助理正于导航期间递送导航指令时智能地处理用户发起或系统发起的中断。
图6示出根据一些实施例的电子设备的功能框图。
图7示出根据一些实施例的电子设备的功能框图。
在整个附图中,类似的附图标号是指对应的部件。
具体实施方式
图1为根据一些实施例的数字助理的工作环境100的框图。术语“数字助理”、“虚拟助理”、“智能自动化助理”或“自动数字助理”是指解释口头和/或文字形式的自然语言输入以推断用户意图并基于所推断出的用户意图来执行动作的任何信息处理系统。例如,为遵照所推断出的用户意图来执行动作,系统可执行以下操作中的一个或多个操作:识别具有被设计来实现所推断出的用户意图的步骤和参数的任务流,将来自所推断出的用户意图的特定要求输入到该任务流中;通过调用程序、方法、服务、API等来执行该任务流;以及以可听(例如,语音)和/或可视形式来生成对用户的输出响应。
具体地,数字助理能够接受至少部分地为自然语言命令、请求、声明、讲述和/或查询的形式的用户请求。通常,用户请求或者寻求信息性回答,或者寻求由数字助理来执行任务。对用户请求的令人满意的响应是提供所请求的信息性回答、执行所请求的任务、或这两者的组合。例如,用户可向数字助理提出一个问题,例如“我现在在哪里?”基于用户的当前位置,数字助理可回答“您在西门附近的中央公园。”用户还可请求执行某个任务,例如“请邀请我的朋友下周参加我女朋友的生日派对。”作为响应,数字助理可通过说出“是的,马上,”来确认该请求,然后代表用户向用户的电子通讯录中所列出的用户的朋友中的每个朋友发送合适的日历邀请。在执行所请求的任务期间,数字助理有时以连续对话的形式来与用户进行交互,该连续对话涉及在延长的时间段内的多次信息交换。存在与数字助理进行交互以请求信息或执行各种任务的许多其他方法。除提供语音响应和采取经编程的动作之外,数字助理还提供其他视觉或音频形式的响应,例如作为文本、警示、音乐、视频、动画等。
在于2011年1月10日提交的标题为“Intelligent Automated Assistant”的美国实用新型专利申请序列号12/987,982中描述了虚拟助理的一个实例,该专利申请的全部公开内容以引用的方式并入本文。
如图1所示,在一些实施例中,根据客户端-服务器模型来实施数字助理。该数字助理包括在用户设备104a,104b上执行的客户端侧部分102a,102b(下文称为“DA客户端102”),以及在服务器系统108上执行的服务器侧部分106(下文称为“DA服务器106”)。DA客户端102通过一个或多个网络110来与DA服务器106通信。DA客户端102提供客户端侧功能诸如面向用户的输入和输出处理以及与DA服务器106的通信。DA服务器106为任意数量的DA客户端102提供服务器侧功能,所述任意数量的DA客户端102各自驻留在相应的用户设备104上。
在一些实施例中,DA服务器106包括面向客户端的I/O接口112、一个或多个处理模块114、数据与模型116、以及至外部服务的I/O接口118。面向客户端的I/O接口促进数字助理服务器106的面向客户端的输入和输出处理。该一个或多个处理模块114基于自然语言输入利用数据和模型116来确定用户的意图,并基于所推断出的用户意图来进行任务执行。在一些实施例中,DA服务器106通过一个或多个网络110来与外部服务120通信以用于任务完成或信息采集。至外部服务的I/O接口118促进此类通信。
用户设备104的实例包括但不限于手持式计算机、个人数字助理(PDA)、平板电脑、膝上型计算机、台式计算机、蜂窝电话、智能电话、增强型通用分组无线电服务(EGPRS)移动电话、媒体播放器、导航设备、游戏机、电视机、遥控器、或这些数据处理设备中任意两者或更多者的组合或其他数据处理设备。参考图2所示的示例性用户设备104提供了有关用户设备104的更多细节。
一个或多个通信网络110的实例包括局域网(“LAN”)和广域网(“WAN”),例如互联网。可使用任何已知的网络协议来实现一个或多个通信网络110,该任何已知的网络协议包括各种有线或无线协议诸如例如以太网、通用串行总线(USB)、火线、全球移动通信系统(GSM)、增强数据GSM环境(EDGE)、码分多址(CDMA)、时分多址(TDMA)、蓝牙、Wi-Fi、互联网协议语音技术(VoIP)、Wi-MAX、或任何其他合适的通信协议。
服务器系统108可在一个或多个独立式数据处理装置和/或计算机的分布式网络上实施。在一些实施例中,服务器系统108还采用第三方服务提供方(例如,第三方云服务提供方)的各种虚拟设备和/或服务来提供服务器系统108的底层计算资源和/或基础结构资源。
尽管图1所示的数字助理包括客户端侧部分(例如,DA客户端102)和服务器侧部分(例如,DA服务器106)两者,但在一些实施例中,数字助理的功能作为安装在用户设备上的独立式应用程序来实施。此外,数字助理的客户端部分和服务器部分之间的功能划分在不同的实施例中可能变化。例如,在一些实施例中,DA客户端为仅提供面向用户的输入和输出处理功能的瘦客户端,并且将数字助理的所有其他功能委托给后端服务器。
图2为根据一些实施例的用户设备104的框图。用户设备104包括存储器接口202、外围设备接口206以及一个或多个处理器204。用户设备104中的各种部件通过一条或多条通信总线或信号线进行耦接。用户设备104包括耦接至外围设备接口206的各种传感器、子系统以及外围设备。所述传感器、子系统以及外围设备采集信息和/或促进用户设备104的各种功能。
例如,可将运动传感器210、光传感器212以及接近传感器214耦接至外围设备接口206以促进取向、照明和接近感测功能。也可将一个或多个其他传感器216,诸如定位系统(例如,GPS接收器)、温度传感器、生物识别传感器、陀螺仪、罗盘、加速计等连接至外围设备接口206以促进相关功能。
在一些实施例中,利用相机子系统220和光学传感器222来促进相机功能,诸如拍摄照片及记录视频片段。可通过一个或多个有线和/或无线通信子系统224来促进通信功能,该一个或多个有线和/或无线通信子系统224可包括各种通信端口、射频接收器和发射器、和/或光学(例如,红外)接收器和发射器。可将音频子系统226耦接至扬声器228和麦克风230以促进支持语音的功能,诸如语音识别、语音复制、数字记录和电话功能。
在一些实施例中,I/O子系统240还耦接至外围设备接口206。I/O子系统240包括触摸屏控制器242和/或一个或多个其他输入控制器244。触摸屏控制器242耦接至触摸屏246。触摸屏246和触摸屏控制器242可例如使用多种触敏技术中的任一种触敏技术来检测接触以及移动或移动的中断,所述多种触敏技术诸如电容技术、电阻技术、红外技术、表面声波技术、接近传感器阵列等。可将一个或多个其他输入控制器244耦接到其他输入/控制设备248,诸如一个或多个按钮、摇臂开关、拇指滚轮、红外线端口、USB端口和/或指针设备诸如触笔。
在一些实施例中,存储器接口202耦接至存储器250。存储器250可包括高速随机存取存储器和/或非易失性存储器,诸如一个或多个磁盘存储设备、一个或多个光学存储设备、和/或闪存存储器(例如,NAND、NOR)。
在一些实施例中,存储器250存储操作系统252、通信模块254、用户界面模块256、传感器处理模块258、电话模块260和应用程序262。操作系统252包括用于处理基础系统服务并用于执行硬件相关任务的指令。通信模块254促进与一个或多个附加装置、一个或多个计算机和/或一个或多个服务器的通信。用户界面模块256使用其他输出通道(例如,扬声器)来促进图形用户界面处理和输出处理。传感器处理模块258促进与传感器有关的处理和功能。电话模块260促进与电话有关的过程和功能。应用程序模块262促进用户应用程序的各种功能,诸如电子消息递送、网页浏览、媒体处理、导航、成像和/或其他过程和功能。
如在本说明书中所述的,存储器250还存储客户端侧数字助理指令(例如,在数字助理客户端模块264中)以及各种用户数据266(例如,偏好数据、特定于用户的词汇数据,和/或其他数据诸如用户的电子通讯录、待办事项、购物清单等)以提供数字助理的客户端侧功能。
在各种实施例中,数字助理客户端模块264能够通过用户设备104的各种用户界面(例如,I/O子系统240)接受语音输入(例如,声音输入)、文本输入、触摸输入和/或手势输入。数字助理客户端模块264还能够提供音频(例如,语音输出)、视觉和/或触觉形式的输出。例如,可将输出提供为语音、声音、警报、文本消息、菜单、图形、视频、动画、振动、和/或以上两者或更多者的组合。在操作期间,数字助理客户端模块264使用通信子系统224来与数字助理服务器通信。
在一些实施例中,数字助理客户端模块264利用各种传感器、子系统和外围设备来从用户设备104的周围环境采集附加信息以建立与用户、当前用户交互和/或当前用户输入相关联的上下文。在一些实施例中,数字助理客户端模块264将上下文信息或信息项子集与用户输入一起提供至数字助理服务器以帮助推断用户的意图。在一些实施例中,数字助理还使用上下文信息来确定如何准备输出并将输出递送至用户。
在一些实施例中,伴随用户输入的上下文信息包括传感器信息,例如照明、环境噪声、环境温度、周围环境的图像或视频等。在一些实施例中,上下文信息还包括设备的物理状态,例如设备取向、设备位置、设备温度、功率水平、速度、加速度、运动模式、蜂窝信号强度等。在一些实施例中,将与用户设备104的软件状态相关的信息例如用户设备104的运行过程、已安装程序、过去和目前的网络活动、后台服务、错误日志、资源使用等作为与用户输入相关联的上下文信息提供至数字助理服务器。
在一些实施例中,DA客户端模块264响应于来自数字助理服务器的请求而选择性地提供存储在用户设备104上的信息(例如,用户数据266)。在一些实施例中,数字助理客户端模块264还根据数字助理服务器106的请求经由自然语言对话或其他用户界面引出来自用户的附加输入。数字助理客户端模块264将该附加输入传送至数字助理服务器106,以帮助数字助理服务器106进行意图推断和/或满足在用户请求中所表达的用户意图。
在各种实施例中,存储器250包括附加的指令或更少的指令。此外,可在硬件和/或固件中,包括在一个或多个信号处理电路和/或专用集成电路中,实现用户设备104的各种功能。
图3A为根据一些实施例的示例性数字助理系统300的框图。在一些实施例中,数字助理系统300在独立式计算机系统上实施。在一些实施例中,数字助理系统300跨多个计算机分布。在一些实施例中,数字助理的一些模块和功能划分成服务器部分和客户端部分,其中客户端部分驻留在用户设备(例如,用户设备104)上,并且通过一个或多个网络与服务器部分(例如,服务器系统108)通信,例如如图1所示。在一些实施例中,数字助理系统300为图1所示的服务器系统108(和/或数字助理服务器106)的实施例。应当指出,数字助理系统300仅为数字助理系统的一个实例,并且数字助理系统300可具有比所示更多或更少的部件,可组合两个或更多个部件,或可具有部件的不同配置或布置。图3A所示的各种部件可在硬件、固件(包括一个或多个信号处理电路和/或专用集成电路)、用于由一个或多个处理器执行的软件指令、或它们的组合。
数字助理系统300包括存储器302、输入/输出(I/O)接口306、网络通信接口308以及一个或多个处理器304。这些部件通过一条或多条通信总线或信号线310彼此通信。
在一些实施例中,存储器302包括非暂态计算机可读介质,诸如高速随机存取存储器和/或非易失性计算机可读介质(例如,一个或多个磁盘存储设备、闪存存储器设备或其他非易失性固态存储器设备)。
在一些实施例中,I/O接口306将数字助理系统300的输入/输出设备316诸如显示器、键盘、触摸屏和麦克风耦接至用户界面模块322。I/O接口306与用户界面模块322结合用于接收用户输入(例如,语音输入、键盘输入、触摸输入等)并相应地对这些输入进行处理。在一些实施例中,例如,当数字助理在独立式用户设备上实施时,数字助理系统300包括相对于图2中的用户设备104所描述的部件和I/O接口及通信接口中的任一者。在一些实施例中,数字助理系统300表示数字助理具体实施的服务器部分,并且通过驻留在用户设备(例如,图2所示的用户设备104)上的客户端侧部分与用户交互。
在一些实施例中,网络通信接口308包括无线发送和接收电路314和/或一个或多个有线通信端口312。一个或多个有线通信端口经由一个或多个有线接口,例如,以太网、通用串行总线(USB)、火线等来接收和发送通信信号。无线电路314从通信网络及其他通信设备接收RF信号和/或光学信号并将RF信号和/或光学信号发送至通信网络及其他通信设备。无线通信可使用多种通信标准、协议和技术中的任一种通信标准、协议和技术,诸如GSM、EDGE、CDMA、TDMA、蓝牙、Wi-Fi、VoIP、Wi-MAX、或任何其他合适的通信协议。网络通信接口308实现数字助理系统300与网络(诸如互联网、内联网和/或无线网络,该无线网络诸如蜂窝电话网络、无线局域网(LAN)和/或城域网(MAN))以及其他设备之间的通信。
在一些实施例中,存储器302或存储器302的计算机可读介质存储程序、模块、指令和数据结构,这些程序、模块、指令和数据结构包括下列中的全部或子集:操作系统318、通信模块320、用户界面模块322、数字助理模块326、以及一个或多个应用程序324。一个或多个处理器304执行这些程序、模块和指令,并从数据结构读取数据或将数据写到数据结构。
操作系统318(例如,Darwin、RTXC、LINUX、UNIX、OS X、WINDOWS、或嵌入式操作系统诸如VxWorks)包括用于控制和管理一般系统任务(例如,存储器管理、存储设备控制、电源管理等)的各种软件部件和/或驱动器,并促进和各种硬件、固件和软件部件之间的通信。
通信模块320促进通过网络通信接口308在数字助理系统300和其他设备之间的通信。例如,通信模块320可与图2所示的设备104的通信接口254通信。通信模块320还可包括用于处理由无线电路314和/或有线通信端口312接收的数据的各种部件。
用户界面模块322经由I/O接口306(例如,来自键盘、触摸屏、指向设备、控制器和/或麦克风)从用户接收命令和/或输入,并在显示器上生成用户界面对象。用户界面模块322还经由I/O接口306(例如,通过显示器、音频通道、扬声器和触摸板等)来准备输出(例如,语音、声音、动画、文本、图标、振动、触觉反馈以及光等)并将该输出递送至用户。
应用程序324包括被配置为由所述一个或多个处理器304执行的程序和/或模块。例如,如果数字助理系统在独立式用户设备上实施,则应用程序324可包括用户应用程序,诸如游戏、日历应用程序、导航应用程序或邮件应用程序。如果数字助理系统300在服务器场上实施,则应用程序324可包括例如资源管理应用程序、诊断应用程序、或调度应用程序。
存储器302还存储数字助理模块(或数字助理的服务器部分)326。在一些实施例中,数字助理模块326包括以下子模块、或者它们的子集或超集:输入/输出处理模块328、语音至文本(STT)处理模块330、自然语言处理模块332、对话流处理模块334、任务流处理模块336、服务处理模块338以及中断处理模块340。这些模块中的每个模块均具有对数字助理326的以下数据和模型中的一者或多者,或者它们的子集或超集的访问权限:知识本体360、词汇索引344、用户数据348、任务流模型354、服务模型356以及优先级参数数据库358。
在一些实施例中,使用在数字助理模块326中实施的处理模块、数据和模型,数字助理执行以下操作中的至少一些操作:识别在从用户所接收的自然语言输入中所表达的用户的意图;主动引出并获取完全推断出用户的意图所需的信息(例如,通过对词、名称、意图等进行消歧);确定用于满足所推断出的意图的任务流;以及执行该任务流以满足所推断出的意图。在本说明书中,稍后在图4至图5B以及随附描述中提供与中断处理模块及其对优先级参数的使用有关的更多的细节。
在一些实施例中,如图3B所示,I/O处理模块328通过图3A中的I/O设备316来与用户进行交互,或者通过图3A中的网络通信接口308来与用户设备(例如,图1中的用户设备104)进行交互,以获取用户输入(例如,语音输入)并提供对用户输入的响应(例如,作为语音输出)。I/O处理模块328随同接收到用户输入或在接收到用户输入之后不久任选地获取与来自用户设备的用户输入相关联的上下文信息。上下文信息包括词汇、特定于用户的数据、和/或与用户输入有关的偏好。在一些实施例中,上下文信息还包括当接收到用户请求时设备(例如,图1中的用户设备104)的软件和硬件状态,和/或当接收到用户请求时与用户的周围环境相关的信息。在一些实施例中,I/O处理模块328还向用户发送与用户请求有关的跟进问题,并从用户接收回答。当I/O处理模块328接收到用户请求并且用户请求包含语音输入时,I/O处理模块328将语音输入转发至语音至文本(STT)处理模块330以用于进行语音至文本转换。
语音至文本处理模块330通过I/O处理模块328来接收语音输入(例如,在语音记录中捕获的用户话语)。在一些实施例中,语音至文本处理模块330使用各种声音和语言模型来将语音输入识别为音素的序列,并最终将其识别为使用一种或多种语言书写的词或符号的序列。语音至文本处理模块330可使用任何合适的语音识别技术、声音模型及语言模型,诸如隐马尔可夫模型、基于动态时间规整(DTW)的语音识别以及其他统计和/或分析技术,来加以实施。在一些实施例中,语音至文本处理可至少部分地由第三方服务执行或在用户的设备上执行。一旦语音至文本处理模块330获取语音至文本处理的结果,例如,词或符号的序列,其便将结果传送至自然语言处理模块332以用于意图推断。
关于语音至文本处理的更多细节在于2011年9月20日提交的标题为“Consolidating Speech Recognition Results”的美国实用新型专利申请序列号13/236,942中有所描述,该专利申请的全部公开内容以引用的方式并入本文。
数字助理的自然语言处理模块332(“自然语言处理器”)取得由语音至文本处理模块330生成的词或符号的序列(“符号序列”),并尝试将该符号序列与由数字助理所识别的一个或多个“可执行意图”相关联。“可执行意图”表示可由数字助理执行并且具有在任务流模型354中实施的相关联的任务流的任务。相关联的任务流是数字助理为了执行任务而采取的一系列经编程的动作和步骤。数字助理的能力范围取决于已在任务流模型354中实施并存储的任务流的数量和种类,或者换句话讲,取决于数字助理识别的“可执行意图”的数量和种类。然而,数字助理的有效性还取决于助理从使用自然语言所表达的用户请求推断出正确的“一个或多个可执行意图”的能力。
在一些实施例中,除从语音至文本处理模块330获取的词或符号的序列之外,自然语言处理器332还例如从I/O处理模块328接收与用户请求相关联的上下文信息。自然语言处理器332任选地使用上下文信息来明确、补充和/或进一步限定在从语音至文本处理模块330所接收的符号序列中所包含的信息。上下文信息包括例如用户偏好、用户设备的硬件和/或软件状态、在用户请求之前、期间或之后不久所采集的传感器信息、数字助理和用户之间的先前交互(例如,对话),等等。如本说明书中所描述的,上下文信息是动态的,可随着时间、位置、对话的内容以及其他因素而改变。
在一些实施例中,自然语言处理的基于知识本体360的。知识本体360为包含许多节点的分级结构,每个节点表示“可执行意图”或与“可执行意图”或其他“属性”中的一者或多者相关的“属性”。如上所述,“可执行意图”表示数字助理能够执行的任务,即,它是“可执行”或可进行的任务。“属性”表示与可执行意图或另一属性的子方面相关联的参数。知识本体360中的可执行意图节点和属性节点之间的连接定义由属性节点表示的参数如何从属于由可执行意图节点表示的任务。
在一些实施例中,知识本体360由可执行意图节点和属性节点组成。在知识本体360内,每个可执行意图节点直接链接至或通过一个或多个中间属性节点连接至一个或多个属性节点。类似地,每个属性节点直接链接至或通过一个或多个中间属性节点连接至一个或多个可执行意图节点。例如,如图3C所示,知识本体360可包括“餐厅预订”节点(即,可执行意图节点)。属性节点“餐厅”、“日期/时间”(针对预订)和“同行人数”各自直接连接至可执行意图节点(即,“餐厅预订”节点)。此外,属性节点“菜系”、“价格范围”、“电话号码”和“位置”为属性节点“餐厅”的子节点,并且每个子节点通过中间属性节点“餐厅”链接至“餐厅预订”节点(即,可执行意图节点)。又如,如图3C所示,知识本体360还可包括“设定提醒”节点(即,另一可执行意图节点)。属性节点“日期/时间”(针对设定提醒)和“主题”(针对提醒)各自链接至“设定提醒”节点。由于属性“日期/时间”与进行餐厅预订的任务和设定提醒的任务两者相关,因此属性节点“日期/时间”同时链接至知识本体360中的“餐厅预订”节点和“设定提醒”节点。
可执行意图节点连同其所链接的概念节点一起可被描述为“域”。在本讨论中,每个域与相应的可执行意图相关联,并涉及与特定可执行意图相关联的一组节点(以及其间的关系)。例如,图3C所示的知识本体360包括在知识本体360内的餐厅预订域362的实例以及提醒域364的实例。餐厅预订域包括可执行意图节点“餐厅预订”、属性节点“餐厅”、“日期/时间”和“同行人数”、以及子属性节点“菜系”、“价格范围”、“电话号码”和“位置”。提醒域364包括可执行意图节点“设定提醒”和属性节点“主题”和“日期/时间”。在一些实施例中,知识本体360由许多域组成。每个域可与一个或多个其他域共享一个或多个属性节点。例如,除了餐厅预订域362和提醒域364之外,“日期/时间”属性节点还可与许多不同的域(例如,行程安排域、旅行预订域、电影票域等)相关联。
虽然图3C示出了知识本体360内的两个示例性域,但其他域(或可执行意图)包括例如“发起电话呼叫”、“寻找方向”、“安排会议”、“发送消息”以及“提供对问题的回答”、“读出列表”、“提供导航指令”、“提供任务的指令”等。“发送消息”域与“发送消息”可执行意图节点相关联,并且可还包括属性节点,诸如“一个或多个接收人”、“消息类型”和“消息主体”。属性节点“接收人”还可例如由子属性节点诸如“接收人姓名”和“消息地址”来限定。
在一些实施例中,知识本体360包括数字助理能够理解并对其起作用的所有域(并且因此可执行意图)。在一些实施例中,可诸如通过添加或移除整个域或节点或者通过修改知识本体360内的节点之间的关系来修改知识本体360。
在一些实施例中,可将与多个相关的可执行意图相关联的节点群集在知识本体360中的“超级域”下。例如,“旅行”超级域可包括与旅行相关的属性节点和可执行意图节点的群集。与旅行相关的可执行意图节点可包括“机票预订”、“酒店预订”、“汽车租赁”、“获取方向”、“寻找兴趣点”等。同一超级域(例如,“旅行”超级域)下的可执行意图节点可具有多个共用的属性节点。例如,针对“机位预订”、“酒店预订”、“汽车租赁”、“获取方向”、“寻找兴趣点”的可执行意图节点可共享属性节点“起始位置”、“目的地”、“出发日期/时间”、“到达日期/时间”及“同行人数”中的一者或多者。
在一些实施例中,知识本体360中的每个节点和与由节点所代表的属性或可执行意图有关的一组词和/或短语相关联。与每个节点相关联的相应的一组的词和/或短语是与节点相关联的所谓的“词汇”。与每个节点相关联的相应的一组词和/或短语可存储在与由节点所表示的属性或可执行意图相关联的词汇索引344中。例如,返回图3B,与“餐厅”属性的节点相关联的词汇可包括词诸如“美食”、“酒水”、“菜系”、“饥饿”、“吃”、“披萨”、“快餐”、“膳食”等。又如,与“发起电话呼叫”的可执行意图的节点相关联的词汇可包括词和短语诸如“呼叫”、“打电话”、“拨号”、“响铃”、“呼叫该号码”、“给……打电话”等。词汇索引344任选地包括使用不同语言的词和短语。
自然语言处理器332从语音至文本处理模块330接收符号序列(例如,文本串),并且确定哪些节点由符号序列中的词所牵连。在一些实施例中,如果发现符号序列中的词或短语与知识本体360中的一个或多个节点相关联(经由词汇索引344),则所述词或短语将“触发”或“激活”这些节点。基于已激活节点的数量和/或相对重要性,自然语言处理器332将选择可执行意图中的一个可执行意图作为用户意图使数字助理去执行的任务。在一些实施例中,选择具有最多“已触发”节点的域。在一些实施例中,选择具有最高置信度(例如,基于其各个已触发节点的相对重要性)的域。在一些实施例中,基于已触发节点的数量和重要性的组合来选择域。在一些实施例中,在选择节点的过程中还考虑附加因素,诸如数字助理系统先前是否已正确解释来自用户的类似请求。
在一些实施例中,数字助理还将特定实体的名称存储在词汇索引344中,使得当在用户请求中检测到这些名称中的一个名称时,自然语言处理器332将能够识别涉及知识主体中的属性或子属性的特定实例的该名称。在一些实施例中,特定实体的名称是企业、餐厅、人、电影等的名称。在一些实施例中,数字助理可从其他数据源搜索并识别特定实体名称,所述其他数据源诸如用户的通讯录、电影数据库、音乐家数据库和/或餐厅数据库。在一些实施例中,当自然语言处理器332识别出符号序列中的词是特定实体的名称(诸如用户通讯录中的名称)时,在于用户请求的知识主体内选择可执行意图的过程中,为该词赋予附加重要性。
例如,在从用户请求中识别出词“Santo先生”并且在词汇索引344中发现姓“Santo”是用户的联系人列表中的联系人之一时,则用户请求可能对应于“发送消息”或“发起电话呼叫”域。又如,当在用户请求中发现词“ABC咖啡馆”并且在词汇索引344中发现术语“ABC咖啡馆”是用户所在城市中的特定餐厅的名称时,则用户请求可能对应于“餐厅预订”域。
用户数据348包括特定于用户的信息,诸如特定于用户的词汇、用户偏好、用户地址、用户的默认语言和第二语言、用户的联系人列表,以及每个用户的其他短期或长期信息。在一些实施例中,自然语言处理器332使用特定于用户的信息来补充用户输入中所包含的信息以进一步限定用户意图。例如,针对用户请求“邀请我的朋友参加我的生日派对”,自然语言处理器332能够访问用户数据348以确定“朋友”是哪些人以及“生日派对”将于何时何地举行,而不需要用户在他/她的请求中明确地提供此类信息。
基于符号串来搜索知识本体的其他细节在于2008年12月22日提交的标题为“Method and Apparatus for Searching Using An Active Ontology”的美国实用新型专利申请序列号12/341,743中有所描述,该专利申请的全部公开内容以引用的方式并入本文。
在一些实施例中,一旦自然语言处理器332基于用户请求识别出可执行意图(或域),自然语言处理器332便生成结构化查询以表示所识别的可执行意图。在一些实施例中,结构化查询包括针对可执行意图的域内的一个或多个节点的参数,并且所述参数中的至少一些参数填充有在用户请求中指定的特定信息和要求。例如,用户可以说“于晚上7点在寿司店为我预定晚餐”。在这种情况下,自然语言处理器332可以能够基于用户输入来将可执行意图正确地识别为“餐厅预订”。根据知识主体,“餐厅预订”域的结构化查询可包括参数诸如{菜系}、{时间}、{日期}、{同行人数}等在一些实施例中,基于包含在用户话语中的信息,自然语言处理器332针对餐厅预订域生成部分结构化的查询,其中部分结构化的查询包括参数{菜系=“寿司”}和{时间=“晚上7点”}。然而,在该实例中,用户的话语包含不足以完成与域相关联的结构化查询的信息{}。因此,其他必要参数诸如{同行人数}和{日期}未基于当前可用的信息在结构化查询中被指定。在一些实施例中,自然语言处理器332利用所接收的上下文信息来填充结构化查询的一些参数。例如,在一些实施例中,如果用户请求了“我附近”的寿司餐厅,则自然语言处理器332{}可利用来自用户设备104的GPS坐标来填充结构化查询中的{位置}参数。
在一些实施例中,自然语言处理器332将结构化查询(包括任何已完成的参数)传送至任务流处理模块336(“任务流处理器”)。任务流处理器336被配置为从自然语言处理器332接收结构化查询,完成结构化查询(如果需要),以及执行“完成”用户的最终请求所需的动作。在一些实施例中,完成这些任务所必需的各种过程在任务流模型354中被提供。在一些实施例中,任务流模型包括用于从用户获取附加信息的过程,以及用于执行与可执行意图相关联的动作的任务流。
如上所述,为了完成结构化查询,任务流处理器336可能需要发起与用户的附加对话,以便获取附加信息和/或弄清可能有歧义的话语。当必须进行此类交互时,任务流处理器336调用对话处理模块334(“对话处理器334”)来参与和用户的对话。在一些实施例中,对话处理器334确定如何(和/或何时)向用户询问附加信息,并接收和处理用户响应。通过I/O处理模块328将问题提供给用户并从用户接收回答。在一些实施例中,对话处理器334经由音频和/或视觉输出向用户呈现对话输出,并经由话语或物理(例如,点击)响应从用户接收输入。继续上文的实例,当任务流处理器336调用对话流处理器334以针对与域“餐厅预订”相关联的结构化查询来确定“同行人数”和“日期”信息时,对话流处理器334生成问题诸如“共有多少人用餐?”和“具体哪天用餐?”以传送至用户。一旦从用户接收到回答,对话流处理器334可随后利用缺失信息填充结构化查询,或将信息传送至任务流处理器336以完成来自结构化查询的缺失信息。
在一些情况下,任务流处理器336可能接收到具有一个或多个模糊属性的结构化查询。例如,针对“发送消息”域的结构化查询可能指示预期接收人为“Bob”,并且用户可能有多个名为“Bob”的联系人。任务流处理器336将请求对话处理器334对结构化查询的该属性进行消歧。继而,对话处理器334可能向用户询问“哪个Bob?”,并且显示(或读出)用户可从中进行选择的名为“Bob”的联系人列表。
一旦任务流处理器336已针对可执行意图完成结构化查询,任务流处理器336便继续执行与可执行意图相关联的最终任务。因此,任务流处理器336根据结构化查询中包含的特定参数来执行任务流模型中的步骤和指令。例如,针对“餐厅预订”的可执行意图的任务流模型可包括用于联系餐厅并实际上请求在特定时间针对特定同行人数的预订的步骤和指令。例如,通过使用结构化查询诸如:{餐厅预订,餐厅=ABC咖啡馆,日期=2012年3月12日,时间=晚上7点,同行人数=5人},任务流处理器336可执行以下步骤:(1)登录到餐厅预订系统诸如或ABC咖啡馆的服务器,(2)在网站上的表格中输入日期、时间和同行人数信息,(3)提交表格,以及(4)在用户日历中制作该预订的日历条目。
在一些实施例中,任务流处理器336使用服务处理模块338(“服务处理器”)的辅助来完成用户输入中所请求的任务或者提供用户输入中所请求的信息性回答。例如,服务处理器338可代表任务流处理器336来发起电话呼叫、设置日历条目、调用地图搜索、调用用户设备上安装的其他用户应用程序或与所述其他用户应用程序进行交互,以及调用第三方服务(例如,餐厅预订门户网站、社交网络网站、银行门户网站等)或与第三方服务进行交互。在一些实施例中,可通过服务模型356中的相应服务模型来指定每项服务所需的协议和应用程序编程接口(API)。服务处理器338针对服务来访问适当的服务模型,并依据服务模型根据该服务所需的协议和API来生成对该服务的请求。
例如,如果餐厅已启用在线预订服务,则餐厅可提交服务模型,该服务模型指定进行预订的必要参数以及用于将必要参数的值传送至在线预订服务的API。当被任务流处理器336请求时,服务处理器338可使用存储在服务模型中的网址来建立与在线预订服务的网络连接,并将预订的必要参数(例如,时间、日期、同行人数)以根据在线预订服务的API的格式发送至在线预订接口。
在一些实施例中,自然语言处理器332、对话处理器334以及任务流处理器336共同且反复地使用以推断并限定用户的意图,获取信息以进一步明确并细化用户意图,并最终生成响应(即,至用户的输出,或任务的完成)以满足用户的意图。
在一些实施例中,在已执行满足用户请求所需的所有任务之后,数字助理326制定确认响应,并通过I/O处理模块328将该响应发送回到用户。如果用户请求寻求信息性回答,则确认响应向用户呈现所请求的信息。在一些实施例中,数字助理还请求用户来指示用户是否对由数字助理326所产生的响应满意。
关于数字助理的更多细节可见于2010年1月18日提交的标题为“Intelligent Automated Assistant”的美国实用新型专利申请12/987,982、2011年6月3日提交的标题为“Generating and Processing Data Items ThatRepresent Tasks to Perform”的美国实用新型专利申请61/493,201,这些专利申请的全部公开内容以引用的方式并入本文。
在大多数情况下,当数字助理从用户接收到用户输入时,数字助理尝试以尽可能小的延迟来将适当的响应提供至用户输入。例如,假设用户通过提供语音输入(例如,“现在的交通情况如何?”)来请求特定信息(例如,当前交通信息)。就在数字助理接收到并处理该语音输入之后,数字助理任选地提供语音输出(例如,“查找交通信息……”),从而确认接收到该用户请求。在数字助理响应于用户请求而获取所请求的信息之后,数字助理将所请求的信息继续提供至用户而无另外的延迟。例如,响应于用户的交通信息请求,紧接在生成语音输出之后,数字助理可提供由短停顿分开的一系列一个或多个离散语音输出(例如,“路上有2起事故。<停顿>一起事故发生在韦柏大道附近的101北上线上。<停顿>而另一起事故发生在280附近的85北向路段上。”)。
出于本说明书的目的,用户请求的初始确认以及响应于用户请求的该一系列一个或多个离散语音输出均被视为对用户请求的完整响应的子响应。换句话讲,当接收到用户请求时,数字助理发起针对用户请求的信息提供过程,并且在信息提供过程期间,数字助理准备并提供对用户请求的完整响应的每个子响应,而无需来自用户的另外的警示。
有时,在可获取所请求的信息之前,需要附加信息或说明(例如,路线信息)。在此类场景中,数字助理将问题(例如,“您要去哪里?”)输出至用户,从而询问附加信息或说明。在一些实施例中,由数字助理提供的问题被视为对用户请求的完整响应,因为数字助理将不会采取另外的动作或提供对用户请求的任何附加响应,直到从用户接收到新的输入。在一些实施例中,一旦用户提供附加信息或说明,数字助理便针对基于初始用户请求和附加用户输入而建立的“新”的用户请求来发起新的信息提供过程。
在一些实施例中,当接收到每个新的用户输入时,数字助理发起新的信息提供过程,并且(1)当对用户请求的完整响应的所有子响应已被提供至用户时或者(2)当数字助理向用户提供对关于启动现有信息提供过程的先前用户请求的附加信息或说明的请求时,每个现有信息提供过程终止。
通常,在由数字助理接收到对任务的信息或执行的用户请求之后,期望数字助理尽可能迅速地提供响应(例如,包含所请求的信息的输出、对所请求的任务的确认、或者用于请求说明的输出)。数字助理的实时响应能力是评估数字助理的性能的关键因素之一。在此类情况下,尽可能快地准备响应,并且响应的默认递送时间为紧接在准备好响应之后的时间。
然而,有时在紧接在接收到用户输入之后而提供的初始子响应之后,数字助理在延长的时间段内一次一个地提供剩余一个或多个子响应。在一些实施例中,在比单独提供每个子响应所需的时间的总和更长的延长时间段内展开针对用户请求的信息提供过程。例如,在一些实施例中,当通过音频输出通道将相邻的一对子响应(例如,一对连续的语音输出)递送至用户时,在它们之间插入短停顿(例如,短的沉默周期)。
在一些实施例中,在准备好子响应之后将其暂时搁置并仅在已满足预先确定的条件时才将其递送。在一些实施例中,当根据系统时钟而已达到了预先确定的触发时间时和/或当发生了预先确定的触发事件时,预先确定的条件得到满足。例如,如果用户对数字助理说“为我设定一个5分钟的定时器”,则当接收到用户请求时,数字助理发起信息提供过程。在信息提供过程期间,数字助理立即提供第一子响应(例如,“好的,定时器已启动”),并且直到5分钟之后才提供第二子响应及最终子响应(例如,“好的,五分钟到了”)。在此类情况下,第一子响应的默认递送时间为紧接在准备好第一子响应之后的时间,并且第二最终子响应的默认递送时间为紧接在发生触发事件之后(例如,从定时器启动起经过5分钟)的时间。当数字助理结束将最终子响应提供至用户时,信息提供过程终止。在各种实施例中,在第二子响应的默认递送时间之前的任何时候(例如,就在准备好第一页子响应之后,或者直到第二子响应的默认递送时间之前不久)准备第二子响应。
在一些实施例中,当针对先前所接收的用户请求的信息提供过程仍在进行时,数字助理允许用户提交附加用户请求。因此,在数字助理和用户之间保持着多个并发信息提供过程。在一些实施例中,同一数字助理对在同一位置处(例如,在同一房间或同一车辆内)存在或共享同组I/O设备(例如,扬声器、显示器、麦克风、键盘等)的多个用户进行服务。因此,在数字助理和使用共享同组I/O设备的多个用户之间保持着多个并发信息提供过程。
通常,当在数字助理和共享同组I/O设备的用户或多个用户之间保持着多个并发信息提供过程时,多个响应可变得同时可用于被递送至用户或多个用户。例如,有时共享同组I/O设备的用户或多个用户可经由短时间段内的若干离散语音输入将多个请求发给数字助理。有时,数字助理能够并行处理来自同一用户的多个用户请求并针对所述多个用户请求中的每个用户请求而并行地准备适当的响应。如果在数字助理已完成由从用户接收到的早先语音输入所发起的信息提供过程之前数字助理接收到一个或多个后续语音输入,则数字助理将累积递送管道中的多个响应。在一些实施例中,当已将制定输出对象(例如,UI对象、语音输出、声音等)所需的所有数据从用户设备的一个或多个内部部件和/或从一个或多个远程服务器递送至I/O模块时,响应或子响应被视为可用于进行递送。在一些实施例中,当响应或子响应的对应输出对象(例如,UI对象、语音输出、声音等)实际上已被完全制定并准备好通过一个或多个输出设备(例如,扬声器、显示器等)来呈现给用户时,响应或子响应被视为可用于进行递送。
有时,由于响应耗费不同的时间量来生成,因此对在不同时间所接收的多个用户请求的响应变得同时可用。有时,由早先用户请求所发起的信息提供过程包括将在延长的时间段内一次一个地提供至用户的多个离散子响应。因此,在将所有子响应提供至用户之前,对一个或多个随后所接收的用户请求的响应可变得同时可提供至用户。多个同时可用的响应包括对第一用户请求(例如,早先所接收的用户请求)的响应或子响应,以及对第二用户请求(例如,随后所接收的用户请求中的至少一个用户请求)的响应或子响应。
在一些实施例中,后续用户请求被称为对由早先所接收的用户请求所发起的信息提供过程的“用户发起的中断”。在一些实施例中,仅当不能或不应将先前和后续用户请求的同时可用的响应及子响应(例如,在同一显示器上或经由同一音频通道)同时递送至用户时,后续用户请求才被视为对由早先所接收的用户请求所发起的信息提供过程的“用户发起的中断”。在一些实施例中,仅当需要使用同一音频通道来将先前和后续用户请求的同时可用的响应及子响应作为语音输出来递送时,后续用户请求才被视为对由早先所接收的用户请求所发起的信息提供过程的“用户发起的中断”。
在一些常规系统中,数字助理实施默认排序规则以输出由针对两个或更多个用户请求的并发信息提供过程所准备的响应。在一些实施例中,数字助理实施先进先出(FIFO)法以用于处理请求级别的用户发起的中断。根据请求级别的FIFO法,不会提供对后续所接收的用户请求的响应,直到已将对先前所接收的所有用户请求的所有响应提供至用户。在一些实施例中,默认规则采用请求级别的后进先出(LIFO)法。当使用请求级别的LIFO法时,数字助理始终先对最后接收的用户请求作出响应,并且或者放弃针对先前用户请求的不完整的信息提供过程,或者在已针对最后一个用户请求提供完整响应之后返回至该不完整的信息提供过程。
除上文所述的用户发起的中断之外,有时中断可由用户、数字助理和/或在用户设备上执行或与用户设备通信的第三方应用程序或系统先前建立的经编程的动作来发起。这些中断被称为“系统发起的中断”。例如,有时用户可能需要或允许数字助理基于发生某些触发事件来生成提醒或通知。当数字助理检测到一个或多个预先确定的触发事件已发生时,数字助理或用户设备生成并递送警示项(例如,语音输出、警示音、警示消息、弹出横幅、徽章或消息),该警示项提供了至用户的提醒或通知的内容。例如,当已达到会议提醒中指定的提醒时间时,会将先前建立的会议提醒的警示项提供至用户。又如,当接收到即时消息或电话呼叫时,在没有任何延迟的情况下将即时消息或电话呼叫的通知或警示提供至用户。
在常规系统中,默认规则允许当发生了提醒或通知的触发事件时立即将针对提醒或通知的警示项提供至用户。在一些常规系统中,无论用户是否正在参与任何其他活动还是如果数字助理和用户正在参与现有会话,则使用默认规则。在一些常规系统中,允许用户事先改变用户偏好中的默认规则以始终完全阻止提供提醒或通知(或其子类)(例如,通过关闭针对特定应用程序或事件的提醒或通知),直到用户再次手动改变用户偏好为止。
尽管用于处理对提醒、推送通知和由并发信息提供过程所生成的输出的递送的默认规则适用于许多场景,但默认规则不是在所有上下文中均工作良好。即使用户有时可通过事先改变偏好设置来修改默认规则,但事先选择的偏好设置仅仅是代替早先默认规则的新的默认规则。这些默认规则仍然不是始终工作良好的,因为它们不在不同的上下文中智能地作出响应。因此,将有利的是,以个例以及上下文有关的方式来实施对由用户、数字助理、操作系统和/或不由数字助理控制的第三方应用程序或过程所发起的中断的处理。
如本说明书中稍后将更详细地描述的,在默认规则之上实施上下文有关的中断处理程序(例如,图3A中的中断处理模块340)以用于提供对用户请求的响应和/或提供提醒和通知的警示项。在一些实施例中,中断处理程序实时采集关于目前的上下文的信息,并且实时确定是否需要改变用于排定响应、提醒和/或通知的递送优先级的默认规则,从而使用更适当的递送次序。例如,在一些上下文中,将更适合对稍后所接收的输入作出响应的延迟,而在其他时候,可能更适合提供对早先所接收输入的响应的延迟。此外,在一些上下文中,即使已发生提醒或通知的一个或多个触发事件,但也更适合提供提醒或通知的延迟,而在其他上下文中,更适合当发生了一个或多个触发事件时立即提供提醒或通知。此外,有时最好不改变至少一个响应的默认递送时间,而在其他时候,更适合改变任一个或全部两个响应的递送时间以便适应基于目前的上下文而确定的递送优先级。
在一些实施例中,数字助理的上下文有关的中断处理程序在将响应、提醒和/或通知提供至用户之前拦截所述响应、提醒和/或通知,并实时动态地确定所述响应、提醒和/或通知之间的相对紧迫性。数字助理的上下文有关的中断处理程序随后基于响应、提醒和/或通知之间的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供所述响应、提醒和/或通知。在一些实施例中,由于在为将最高优先级的响应/提醒/通知提供至用户所耗费的时间期间上下文可能再次改变,因此要在剩余的响应、提醒和通知和任何新的可用响应、提醒和通知之间重新评估相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,重新评估考虑了改变目前的上下文的新信息。
在一些实施例中,调用了中断处理程序,并仅针对不适合通过同一输出通道(例如,音频接口)同时提供的同时可用的响应、提醒和通知执行相对紧迫性评估。例如,如果可经由图形界面提供提醒并且可经由语音输出将对用户输入的响应提供至用户,则数字助理可任选地使用所述图形界面和语音输出来同时提供提醒和响应,而不依靠中断处理程序。
在一些实施例中,仅当数字助理在免提和/或免视模式下工作时,数字助理才调用中断处理程序。在一些实施例中,当数字助理检测到用户同时关注多个输出通道的能力可能已削弱或受损时,数字助理排定同时可用的输出(例如,响应、提醒和/或通知)的优先级以用于经由单个输出通道一次一个地进行递送。
图4为由数字助理实施的示例性过程400的流程图,该数字助理以基于同时可用响应之间的相对紧迫性的次序来提供同时可用响应。在一些实施例中,所述相对紧迫性由数字助理的中断处理程序(例如,图3A中的中断处理模块340)基于目前的上下文实时动态地确定。
在示例性过程400中,从用户接收(402)第一输入。在一些实施例中,第一输入为从用户所接收的第一语音输入。例如,用户向数字助理讲话以提供第一用户请求。在一些实施例中,第一输入是通过多个输入通道中的一个或多个输入通道提交的用户请求,诸如对用户界面对象(例如,触敏显示器上的搜索按钮)的选择、经由键盘所输入的文本命令、对机械控制器(例如,鼠标按钮或耦接至数字助理的住宅门铃)的调用等等。
当从用户接收到第一输入时,数字助理响应于接收到第一输入而发起(404)第一信息提供过程。在一些实施例中,第一信息提供过程包括生成对第一输入的至少第一响应和第二响应。在一些实施例中,第一响应和第二响应为对同一用户输入的完整响应的第一子响应和第二子响应。发起信息提供过程不一定意味着该过程完成,即,第一响应和第二响应的生成可能未均被完成,并且第一响应和第二响应可能未均被提供至用户。在一些实施例中,第一响应和第二响应为响应于从用户所接收的单个导航请求而生成的两个离散导航指令(例如,逐向指示)。在一些实施例中,这两个离散导航方向将作为导航(例如,驾驶或行走)期间的路线的两个不同路点处的两个离散语音输出被提供至用户。在一些实施例中,第一响应和第二响应是对第一输入的一系列离散子响应中的两个连续子响应。第一信息提供过程包括在延长的时间段内一次一个地将该一系列离散子响应提供或递送至用户,而无需来自用户的另外的警示。在一些实施例中,提供该一系列离散子响应中的全部离散子响应使第一信息提供过程终止。
在一些实施例中,第一响应和第二响应为两个离散语音输出,这两个离散语音输出读出由数字助理响应于同一用户请求而检索到的信息项列表中的两个不同的信息项。例如,在一些实施例中,如果用户请求是用于读出烹饪菜谱的,则第一响应和第二响应为用于读出烹饪菜谱的两个不同(例如,连续)步骤的两个离散语音输出。在一些实施例中,如果用户请求是用于读出新接收的电子邮件消息列表的,则第一响应和第二响应为用于读出由数字助理响应于用户请求而识别出的两个不同电子邮件消息的两个离散语音输出。在一些实施例中,如果用户请求是用于读出特定电子邮件消息的,则第一响应和第二响应为用于读出单个电子邮件消息的两个子部分的两个语音输出,这两个子部分例如由数字助理响应于用户请求而识别出的单个电子邮件消息的标头和消息主体。
在一些实施例中,第一输入为搜索请求,并且第一响应和第二响应为用于读出响应于该搜索请求而检索到的两个不同搜索结果的语音输出。在一些实施例中,第一输入为列表读出请求,并且第一响应和第二响应为用于读出由用户识别出的信息项列表中的两个不同信息项的内容的语音输出。在一些实施例中,列表读出请求为对读出以下的请求:烹饪菜谱、电子邮件消息列表、搜索结果列表、指令列表、诊断过程列表、常规锻炼项目列表、日历条目列表、提醒列表、逐向指示列表、SMS消息列表、语音邮件消息列表、来自书籍或文章的段落列表等。在一些实施例中,第一响应和第二响应为从列表中读出不同信息项(例如,菜谱中的不同配料、不同电子邮件消息、不同搜索结果、指令或过程中的不同步骤、例程、不同日历或提醒条目、不同段落等)的离散语音输出。在一些实施例中,取决于列表中的信息项的性质,第一响应和第二响应以其间具有短停顿的方式连续地递送,或者当发生相应触发事件(例如,特定触发时间的到达,或到达特定触发位置,等等)时递送。
在一些实施例中,第一响应为包括第二响应的一个或多个附加子响应的主要总结,并且第二响应提供由第一用户输入所请求的信息项的细节。例如,在一些实施例中,如果用户请求为搜索附近的餐厅,则第一响应为汇总所有检索到的搜索结果的语音输出(例如,“在附近找到5家餐厅”),并且第二响应为详细描述特定搜索结果的语音输出(例如,“最近的一家在此以南五英里”)。在一些实施例中,第一响应为传送对用户请求的确认或转述的语音输出(例如,“好的,正在搜索附近的餐厅……”),并且第二响应为包含由数字助理响应于用户请求而检索到的信息的语音输出(例如,“在100英里内未找到餐厅。”)
在一些实施例中,第一响应和第二响应为对单个用户请求的完整响应的逻辑上离散的部分,这些部分将在时间上连续地提供而无需来自用户的另外的警示。在一些实施例中,在未检测到中断(例如,中间用户输入、提醒或通知)的默认场景中,提供第一响应和第二响应以其间具有最小延迟量的方式在时间上连续地进行。在一些实施例中,在未检测到中断(例如,中间用户输入、提醒或通知)的默认场景中,第一响应和第二响应以其间具有短暂停顿的方式连续地提供。在一些实施例中,停顿的持续时间可相当于普通人类语音中用于分离连续字句或短语中所体现的离散语义概念的停顿。在一些实施例中,在未检测到中断(例如,中间用户输入、对中间输入、提醒或通知的响应)的默认场景中,当发生相应预先确定的触发事件(例如,非常接近路线上的相应路点、预先确定的时间到达等)时提供第一响应和第二响应。在一些实施例中,数字助理通过监测耦接至用户设备的多个传感器(例如,位置传感器诸如GPS、语音传感器、罗盘、系统时钟等)来动态地确定适当的时间以将第一响应和第二响应递送至用户。
在响应于从用户接收到第一输入而发起第一信息提供过程之后,数字助理将第一响应提供(406)至用户。在一些实施例中,第一响应为将响应于用户请求而被提供至用户的一系列语音输出中的语音输出。在一些实施例中,第一响应为该一系列语音输出中的任一个语音输出,而不是该一系列语音输出中的最后一个语音输出。在一些实施例中,第一响应和第二响应为任何两个响应,它们是一系列响应中的连续响应或由一个或多个其他响应分开。
在一些实施例中,第一输入为对建立将在稍后的时间由指定的触发事件(例如,在指定的事件时间之前一小时指定的提醒时间到达)的发生来触发的提醒的请求。在此类实施例中,第一响应为对第一输入的确认或者提醒已被设定的确认。第二响应为将在稍后的时间当发生指定的触发事件时递送至用户的警示项。在一些实施例中,数字助理不将建立提醒和提供警示项视为连续的信息提供过程(例如,第一信息提供过程),并且本说明书中所描述的中断处理不适用。这种特殊处理在一些实施例中是有利的,因为它使数字助理无需在长时间段内保持信息提供过程。
在一些实施例中,当数字助理正在对第一用户输入提供系列响应时,用户可中断数字助理。在一些实施例中,在将第一响应提供至用户之后或同时,但在将第二响应提供至用户之前,数字助理检测(408)用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件。在一些实施例中,用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件为从用户接收到第二输入。在此场景中,第二输入为对第一信息提供过程的用户发起的中断。在一些实施例中,从用户接收到的第二输入为第二语音输入。
在各种实施例中,数字助理可以多种不同的方式捕获用户发起的中断。例如,在一些实施例中,数字助理保持连续监听模式。因此,即使数字助理正在将对第一输入的响应中的一个响应(例如,第一响应)递送至用户,数字助理也能够捕获由用户说出的新的语音输入。例如,当数字助理正在提供对第一输入(例如,第一语音输入“寻找附近的餐厅。”)的第一响应(“最近的一家是Tammy咖啡馆,距此0.2英里,只收现金,提供……”),用户可提供第二语音输入(例如,“提醒我今天去我的干洗衣服”)。
在一些实施例中,数字助理仅在将连续语音输出提供至用户之间的短停顿期间进入监听模式。在一些实施例中,当数字助理在将连续语音输出提供至用户之间沉默时,数字助理进入监听模式并保持处于监听模式。在一些实施例中,无需特殊布置就会在响应之间发生沉默,因为每个响应的触发事件自然地耗费某个时间量来发生。当数字助理处于监听模式时,如果用户提供第二语音输入,则在将第一响应提供至用户之后或同时,但在将第二响应提供至用户之前,数字助理捕获第二语音输入。出于中断处理过程的目的,假设或要求接收到第二输入不改变尚未提供至用户的对第一输入的响应(例如,第二响应)的有效性。
在一些实施例中,用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件为基于由用户设备、数字助理或第三方应用程序或系统检测到一些预先确定的触发事件而生成提醒或通知。例如,如果用户先前已设定了提醒或闹钟在预先确定的提醒时间开启(例如,在今天下午2点呼叫妈妈的提醒),则用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件为如由系统时钟所指示的到达下午2点。在一些实施例中,由所述事件所发起的信息提供过程包括准备和提供递送至用户的与提醒的内容有关的语音和/或视觉警示项。例如,说出“好的,到时间呼叫你的妈妈了”的语音输出是对所述事件(例如,提醒时间到达)的响应。如果用户已指定在预定呼叫时间(即,指定的事件时间)之前5分钟开启提醒,则触发事件为到达预定呼叫时间之前5分钟。例如,在一些实施例中,数字助理提供说出“现在是下午1点55分。您已预定在下午2点呼叫你的妈妈。”的语音输出。
在一些实施例中,其他类型的事件用于发起第二信息提供过程。例如,在一些实施例中,在用户的设备上允许由第三方应用程序或系统发起通知过程(例如,“推送通知”)。如果用户接受电子邮件、即时消息或产品更新等到达的推送通知,则用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件为此类推送通知的到达。由此类事件发起的第二信息提供过程包括准备包含通知内容的警示项并将该警示项递送至用户。在一些实施例中,由第三方应用程序或系统将该警示项提供至数字助理以转发至用户。在一些实施例中,所述事件不包括由当前不由数字助理控制的第三方应用程序或过程生成和递送警示项。换句话讲,由不由数字助理控制的第三方应用程序生成的通知可取代数字助理的中断处理并在不考虑数字助理的情况下递送通知。在一些实施例中,在通过当前不由数字助理控制的应用程序或操作系统来将推送通知递送至用户之前,数字助理拦截该推送通知。在一些实施例中,数字助理仅检测可能将同一输出通道用作第一信息提供过程的事件。
在一些实施例中,响应于检测到用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件,数字助理发起(410)第二信息提供过程。在一些实施例中,第二信息提供过程包括准备和递送对该事件的第三响应。在一些实施例中,如果该事件为接收到请求信息的第二语音输入,则准备对检测到该事件的第三响应包括生成相应语音输出以提供由第二语音输入所请求的信息。在一些实施例中,第三响应为对第二语音输入的完整响应。在一些实施例中,第三响应为将在延长的时间段内被提供至用户的对第二语音输入的一系列子响应中的一个子响应。
在一些实施例中,该事件为针对先前建立的提醒的预先确定的触发事件的发生,第二信息提供过程包括生成将提醒的内容提供至用户的警示项(例如,语音输出)。在一些实施例中,第三响应为用于提供提醒的内容的语音输出。
在一些实施例中,该事件为推送通知的到达,并且第三响应为用于提供推送通知的内容的语音输出。例如,响应于接收到电子邮件,数字助理可生成说出“来自Tae-Woong的关于‘有趣的照片’的新邮件”的语音输出。又如,当接收到SMS消息时,数字助理生成说出“来自Peter的说‘那些图片是假的!’的新SMS消息”的语音输出。
在一些实施例中,数字助理检测到存在由等待用以被提供至用户的两个或更多个不同源触发的同时可用的响应。数字助理发起中断处理过程以确定如何智能地处理中断,而不是依靠不考虑目前的上下文就决定性地决定要将哪个响应先提供至用户的默认规则。在一些实施例中,基于多个因素的组合来确定目前的上下文。在一些实施例中,与形成目前的上下文有关的一组特定因素不一定是静态的,并且这些因素的当前值也不一定是静态的。在一些实施例中,对于不同类型的事件和响应,在评估递送的相对优先级或紧迫性的过程中考虑了不同组的优先级参数。因此,中断处理过程的上下文确定的结果通常因具体情况而异。
在一些实施例中,当第一信息提供过程和第二信息提供过程两者均被发起并且未完成(即,未根据第一信息提供过程或第二信息提供过程来提供完整响应)时,数字助理确定(412)第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于目前的上下文来确定相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,数字助理在检测到第二响应和第三响应两者同时可用之后采集当前时间的上下文信息。在一些实施例中,数字助理查询规则和优先级参数的数据库以评估第二响应和第三响应的相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于两个响应的内容和/或与两个响应相关联的域来选择多个不同组的优先级因素中的一组优先级因素以用于评估两个响应之间的相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,当基于一组初始优先级因素进行的相对紧迫性确定的结果不具有确定性时,数字助理选择一个或多个附加优先级因素以用于进行考虑。
在一些实施例中,数字助理确定当多个信息提供过程的并发响应可用时数字助理当前是否正在免提模式或免视模式下工作。在一些实施例中,仅当数字助理在免提或免视模式下工作时,数字助理才调用相对紧迫性确定。在一些实施例中,数字助理检测到用户正在运动,并当检测到用户正在运动时调用免提或免视模式。在一些实施例中,数字助理检测到用户当前正在执行可能导致对用户设备的视觉界面的注意力减弱的动作,诸如对车辆进行导航、行走、慢跑、锻炼、操作设备或机械、操作当前不由数字助理控制的应用程序或设备(例如,不由数字助理控制的游戏设备或游戏)。
在一些实施例中,数字助理确定第二响应和第三响应是否适合在用户设备的不同输出通道上被并行地提供。在一些实施例中,当确定第二响应和第三响应不适合在用户设备的不同输出通道上被并行地提供时,数字助理调用相对紧迫性确定。在一些实施例中,数字助理不调用相对紧迫性确定,除非其确定第二响应和第三响应不适合在用户设备的不同输出通道上被并行地提供。
在一些实施例中,数字助理确定其是否正在免提或免视模式下工作。在一些实施例中,如果数字助理确定其当前正在免提或免视模式下工作,则数字助理确定第二响应和第三响应不适合在不同输出通道上被并行地提供。
在一些实施例中,在确定相对紧迫性之后,数字助理基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序继续提供(414)第二响应和第三响应中的一者。在一些实施例中,在将第二响应和第三响应中的一者被提供至用户之后,数字助理恢复提供剩余响应。在一些实施例中,数字助理检测到存在将被提供至用户的对第一输入和第二输入的附加待审子响应。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于新的上下文来执行两个输入的剩余的同时可用的响应之间的相对紧迫性评估。例如,如果用户已沿某一路线行进,则当前位置和时间是不断改变的,并且与下一对同时可用的响应相关联的内容也是变化的。因此,再次动态地确定相对紧迫性。然后,基于所确定的相对紧迫性来提供对第二输入和第一输入两者的剩余响应中的一个剩余响应。
例如,在第二响应和第三响应之间,如果确定第二响应具有更高的相对紧迫性,则先提供第二响应。如果存在对第一输入的附加响应,例如第四响应,则基于新更新的上下文来将第四响应与第三响应进行比较。如果确定第三响应具有比第四响应更高的相对紧迫性,则在第四响应之前提供第三响应。此过程可继续下去,直到第一信息提供过程和第二信息提供过程两者均被完成为止。
如早先所阐述,中断处理过程改变了用于对至用户的响应递送进行排序和定时的默认规则。在一些实施例中,在准备好了对第一用户输入的一系列离散子响应之后,数字助理确定用于将该一系列子响应中的每个子响应提供至第一用户输入的相应默认时间。在一些实施例中,数字助理动态地覆写用于递送第二响应和第三响应的相应默认递送时间中的至少一个相应默认递送时间。例如,取决于上下文和所确定的相对紧迫性,数字助理可决定将用于第二响应和第三响应中的任一者或两者的一个或多个实际递送时间移动至其一个或多个相应默认递送时间之前或之后。
例如,假设第二响应为将在未来30秒后被递送的导航指令,并且第三响应为将在未来10秒后被递送的对天气信息请求的响应。假设用户花费30秒来安全地操纵由第二响应指定的转弯,并且第三响应持续40秒。基于这些数据,数字助理确定导航指令更紧迫并且应先被递送,使得用户不会错过转弯。此外,数字助理还决定将天气预报的递送时间移动至距离现在60秒,使得用户可安全地操纵通过转弯并且不会因天气信息响应而分散注意力。在一些实施例中,如果具有更高紧迫性的响应将不立即被递送,则数字助理生成时间填充内容(例如,语音输出“继续行驶,前方转弯……”)。在一些实施例中,时间填充内容为基于具有更高紧迫性的响应而生成的语音输出(例如,“继续行驶,前方转弯……”)。在一些实施例中,时间填充内容为一般语音输出(例如,“继续行驶……”)。
在一些实施例中,第一输入为方向请求,并且第二响应为特定导航指令,该特定导航指令具有与用户的当前位置相关联的默认递送时间,该用户的当前位置相对于与导航相关联的路点。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于用户的当前位置和沿预先确定的路线与导航指令相关联的相应路点之间的预先确定的接近度(例如,1英里、50码或30英尺)来确定导航指令的相应默认递送时间。
如早先所阐述的,在一些实施例中,数字助理确定与用户相关联的目前的上下文,并基于与用户相关联的目前的上下文来确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,目前的上下文由一个或多个因素或优先级参数的组合形成,所述一个或多个因素或优先级参数包括:用户的当前位置、用户的当前速度、用户的当前行进方向、与第二响应相关联的位置(例如,路点或触发位置)、与第三响应相关联的位置(例如,路点或触发位置)。在一些实施例中,数字助理确定第二响应是否与在距用户当前位置预先确定的距离内的位置相关联。在一些实施例中,预先确定的距离基于用户的当前速度来确定。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于用户是否可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二响应相关联的位置来确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,预先确定的时间窗口基于递送第二响应和第三响应所需的相应时间段(例如,时间缓冲)的大小。在一些实施例中,当确定用户可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二响应相关联的位置时,数字助理向第二响应分配比第三响应更高的紧迫性级别。在一些实施例中,当确定用户不可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二响应相关联的位置时,数字助理向第二响应分配比第三响应更低的紧迫性级别。在一些实施例中,数字助理例如使用GPS设备来监测当前位置、当前方向/前进方向、和用户的当前速度,并且基于所述监测来确定目前的上下文。
在一些实施例中,将响应递送至用户所需的时间段(例如,时间缓冲)非常短,诸如不伴随语音输出的短警示音。在一些实施例中,如果响应为语音输出,则递送响应所需的时间段为语音输入的持续时间加上在语音输出之前和/或之后的任意短暂停顿(例如,50ms或1s)。在一些实施例中,递送响应所需的时间段还包括用户执行响应中指定的动作的时间。例如,如果响应为用于提供逐向指示或关于瑜伽姿势的指令的语音输出,则递送响应所需的时间段(例如,时间缓冲)包括语音输出的持续时间加上用户执行转弯或摆好瑜伽姿势的时间段。在一些实施例中,数字助理使用递送一个或多个响应所需的一个或多个时间段来确定是否以及如何改变(例如,提前或延迟)一个或多个响应的默认递送时间。
如早先所述的,在一些实施例中,第二响应为响应于信息请求而提供信息项,而第三响应为针对先前建立的提醒或推送通知的到达而生成的警示项。在一些实施例中,数字助理确定在第二响应的相应默认递送时间递送第二响应是否可能不利地影响对用户的提醒或通知的实用性。例如,假设提醒是在下午2点呼叫客户,则该提醒的默认提醒时间是下午1点55分。进一步假设,在下午2:54,数字助理响应于用户请求(例如,第一输入)而启动了电子邮件读出会话,并且第一响应(“好的,您有5封新的电子邮件”)确认用户请求已被立即提供。计划接下来递送的第二响应为用于读出第一电子邮件的语音输出。第二响应的默认递送时间是在递送第一响应之后2秒,但第二响应需要1分钟的时间缓冲来完成。因此,警示项将在第二响应可被完全递送之前过期。在此场景中,数字助理确定完成递送第二响应以及将警示项的递送时间推移几秒是否可能影响警示项的实用性或有效性。在该实例中,数字助理确定将警示项的递送时间推移几秒不会不利地影响警示项的实用性或有效性。因此,数字助理向第二响应分配更高的相对紧迫性,并且延迟递送警示项,直到第二响应已被递送至用户之后。
继续上述实例,假设在递送第二响应之后,数字助理面临第四响应(例如,读出5封电子邮件中的下一封电子邮件的语音输出),该第四响应的默认递送时间是在递送第二响应之后2秒。数字助理随后确定完成递送第四响应以及将警示项的递送时间延迟第四响应的时间缓冲(例如,1分钟)是否可能影响警示项的实用性或有效性。在该实例中,数字助理确定将警示项的递送时间再延迟1分钟将会不利地影响警示项的实用性或有效性。因此,数字助理向警示项分配更高的相对紧迫性,并且延迟递送第四响应,直到警示项已被递送至用户之后。在递送警示项之后,用户可利用另一输入来主动终止电子邮件读出会话以便为电话呼叫做好准备。
如上文在各种实例中所述的,数字助理基于第二响应和第三响应的相应默认递送时间来检测在第二响应与第三响应的递送之间是否存在定时冲突。在一些实施例中,当检测到定时冲突时,数字助理确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,除非数字助理检测到定时冲突,否则数字助理不会发起对第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性的确定。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于所确定的相对紧迫性来覆写第二响应和第三响应中的至少一者的相应默认递送时间。在一些实施例中,数字助理确定是否可以移动特定响应的默认递送时间而不影响该响应的实用性或有效性。如果一个特定响应(例如,逐向指示,或实时烹饪指令,或实时化学实验指令等)的默认递送时间不可在不影响其指令的实用性或有效性的情况下移动,则数字助理寻求移动(例如,提前或延迟)另一个响应的默认递送时间。在一些实施例中,响应的默认递送时间为响应的预计递送时间,如同该响应是等待被递送至用户的唯一响应那样。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于目前的上下文来确定第二响应与第三响应的默认递送时间的相对灵活性。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于所确定的相对紧迫性以及响应的默认递送时间的相对灵活性来确定第二响应与第三响应的相对递送优先级和/或经调节的递送时间。
在一些实施例中,当确定与用户相关联的目前的上下文时,考虑了其他因素。例如,在一些实施例中,为发起了第二信息提供过程的事件确定事件类型。例如,事件类型包括基于事件是语音输入、提醒还是通知的类型。在一些实施例中,语音事件类型还包括子类型,诸如要求列表读出或单个响应的语音输入。在一些实施例中,提醒事件类型还包括子类型,诸如关键提醒、要求旅行或准备的提醒、待办事项的提醒。在一些实施例中,通知事件类型还包括按来源划分的子类型,诸如电子邮件通知、SMS通知、产品更新通知、紧急警示通知、安全漏洞通知、常规广播通知等。在一些实施例中,数字助理使用事件类型来确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,第一输入还被视为事件并且与各种事件类型相关联。
在一些实施例中,数字助理还检查第二响应与第三响应的内容以确定相对紧迫性。例如,一些关键字(例如,伤害、紧急、911、匆忙等)将指示更高的紧迫性、重要性和/或时间紧急性。在一些实施例中,数字助理扫描第二响应与第三响应的内容以确定是否存在此类关键字,并将所检测到的关键字用作目前的上下文的一部分。
在一些实施例中,数字助理确定第二响应与第三响应将鉴于当前的上下文而保持相关的时间量。例如,关于天气信息的响应可能在数小时内保持相关,而当用户正在驾驶时,关于方向的响应不可能在长时间内保持相关。此外,相比如果用户正在询问当天就在其上班之前的天气,如果用户正在询问第二天的天气,则关于天气信息的响应可能在更长时间段内保持相关。在一些实施例中,在确定响应对用户可能保持有效和有用的时间段的过程中,数字助理考虑许多不同的因素。
在一些实施例中,当确定第二响应与第三响应的相对紧迫性时,数字助理还考虑比第三响应更晚提供第二响应的可能结果和/或比第二响应更晚提供第三响应的可能结果。例如,如果第三响应是由国家安全警示系统生成的紧急建议并推送至该国中的所有联网设备,则延迟第三响应直到递送导航指令(即,该实例中的第二响应)之后的可能结果很可能是严重的。另一方面,如果第三响应是关于产品更新的通知,则延迟该通知直到完成递送导航指令(即,该实例中的第二响应)之后的可能结果很可能不严重。在第二种情况下,延迟导航指令将具有更严重的结果,因为用户将可能错过对时间不敏感的产品更新通知。在一些实施例中,数字助理使用延迟响应的相对严重性来确定响应的默认递送时间的相对灵活性。
在一些实施例中,数字助理允许用户输入与响应之间的相对紧迫性有关的某些用户偏好。例如,在一些实施例中,数字助理允许用户输入偏好设置,该偏好设置用于将导航指令设定为如果用户正在不熟悉的路线上行进则具有更高紧迫性,并且如果用户之前已多次在该路线上行进则具有更低紧迫性等级。在一些实施例中,基于用户已在该路线上行进的阈值次数来确定用户是否熟悉该区域或路线。在一些实施例中,偏好设置是由用户提供的定性设置,并且当满足偏好时,数字助理不会明确地或定量地控制用于建立的准确标准。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于人工智能技术或众包启发来调整当满足偏好时的用于建立的准确标准。
以上仅是数字助理当形成目前的上下文和评估来自多个信息提供过程的同时可用响应的相对紧迫性时可考虑的一些因素和优先级参数。本说明书中稍后提供了关于如何使用目前的上下文来确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性的更多细节和实例。
如早先所述的,数字助理有时当其检测到用户关注显示屏或使用手动用户输入设备的能力可能已减弱时,诸如当用户正在驾驶或操作另一设备时,进入免提或免视工作模式。在一些实施例中,当在免提模式或免视模式下工作时,数字助理基于某个预先确定的标准(例如,用户的当前语音)来禁用一个或多个输入和/或输出模式。在一些实施例中,当在免提模式下工作时,数字助理禁用需要用户的手移动的输入通道。在一些实施例中,当在免提模式下工作时,数字助理仅通过由用户提供的一个或多个语音输入来接收用户的请求。在一些实施例中,当在免视模式下工作时,数字助理仅将音频输出(例如,语音输出)提供至用户。在一些实施例中,当在免提模式下工作时,数字助理提供由在显示屏上同时提供的视觉信息(例如,图形或文本信息)补充的语音输出。在一些实施例中,该视觉信息在一个或多个语音输入已被提供至用户之后存留在屏幕上。在一些实施例中,数字助理实施一种免视模式,其中数字助理禁用视觉输出(例如,在显示屏上向用户显示的文本和图形输出)并经由语音输出将所有相关信息提供至用户。在一些实施例中,当在免视模式下工作时,数字助理还提供其他音频输出,诸如音频警示、振动警示和/或触觉反馈。在一些实施例中,当在免视模式下工作时,数字助理不禁止同时发生的视觉信息连同可听输出一起显示。然而,可听输出本身足以提供数字助理需要被传输至用户的所有信息。
如上所述,在一些实施例中,当数字助理检测到用户正在对车辆进行导航时,数字助理自动发起免提模式和/或免视模式。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于若干因素的组合来检测用户是否正在对车辆进行导航,所述因素例如用户的当前速度、放置在汽车座椅中的检测驾驶员的存在的传感器、车辆点火机构中的检测车辆发动机的点火的传感器、和/或对(例如,经由蓝牙或其他有线或无线连接)连接至车辆的移动设备的检测。在一些实施例中,当数字助理基于预建立的运动模式检测到用户处于自推进运动诸如游泳、慢跑、跑步、行走、骑自行车、划船等时,数字助理发起免提模式和/或免视模式。
在一些实施例中,当用户明确或隐含地请求数字助理启动免提模式和/或免视模式时,数字助理发起免提模式和/或免视模式。例如,当用户使用多个输入模式(例如,语音、触摸及键盘输入模式)中的任一种输入模式来关闭显示器、打开节电模式和/或启用对应的选项(以启用免提模式和/或免视模式)时,数字助理发起免提模式和/或免视模式。
如上所述,在一些实施例中,当数字助理检测到用户可能参与占用用户的手和/或眼的多项活动中的一项活动时,数字助理启用免提模式和/或免视模式。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于用户正在用户设备上使用的应用程序和/或应用程序模式来检测用户是否可能参与占用用户的手和/或眼的活动。在一些实施例中,当用户要求数字助理发起私人教练应用程序的常规训练项目时,数字助理确定用户可能参与常规锻炼项目并相应地发起免提模式和/或免视模式。在一些实施例中,当用户要求数字助理发起菜谱的实时预排时,数字助理根据菜谱确定用户可能参与烹饪,并相应地发起免提模式和/或免视模式。在一些实施例中,当用户要求数字助理发起另一设备的诊断过程(例如,家用电器的诊断和维修过程)的实时预排时,数字助理确定用户可能参与诊断过程所要求的活动,并相应地发起免提模式和/或免视模式。然而,需注意,如果数字助理确定将对用户设备执行诊断过程,则数字助理不禁用该用户设备的其他输入和输出模式。
在一些实施例中,当数字助理发现用户设备的显示屏完全被不由数字助理控制的另一应用程序占用时,数字助理启用免提模式和/或免视模式。例如,如果数字助理检测到用户正使用数字助理驻留在其上的设备来以全屏模式玩视频游戏或观看电影,则数字助理发起免提模式和/或免视模式以仅通过语音和音频来与用户通信。
在一些实施例中,数字助理将服务提供至同一位置(例如,坐在同一车辆中或同一房间中)处的多个用户(例如,主要用户及一个或多个次要用户)。在一些实施例中,如果数字助理检测到用户设备的共享显示屏被所述多个用户中的另一个用户占用,则数字助理启用免提模式和/或免视模式以与所述多个用户中的一个用户通信。例如,如果在车辆中激活了数字助理,并且车辆的内置后座显示屏被第一乘客占用于玩游戏或网上冲浪,则数字助理将使用显示屏和基于语音的接口两者来与第一乘客通信,同时启用免提模式和/或免视模式来与车辆中的其他乘客通信。
图4中的示例性过程400是通常适用的过程,其示出了中断处理模块的操作。在一些实施例中,可为一个或多个特定域(例如,车辆导航域、现场广播域、烹饪域、物理治疗域、锻炼域、学术说明域、医学诊断域、技术支持域等)定制过程400。在这些域中的每一个域中,在持续长时间并且包含对单个用户请求的一系列多个离散子响应的信息提供过程期间,数字助理允许用户发起的中断和/或系统发起的中断。数字助理可实时且基于个例智能地且动态地排定来自不同的并发信息提供过程的响应的递送的优先级。
例如,图5A示出了一个示例性场景,其中第一信息提供过程是用于当用户正沿预先确定的路线将车辆导航至预先确定的目的地时将导航指令(例如,逐向指示)提供至用户的过程。在该实例中,数字助理仅通过语音输入和输出来与用户通信。
如图5A所示,在位置O处,用户使用第一语音输入SI1(“带我到图书馆。”)请求至图书馆的方向。数字助理接收第一语音输入SI1,并检索将在沿路线的五个不同路点X1-X5处提供至用户的一系列导航指令(例如,逐向指示)。数字助理响应于导航请求而提供第一语音输出SO1(“好的,请继续前行”)。就在用户到达将在那里提供第二语音输入SO2(“在下一个十字路口右转。”)的路点X1之前(例如,之前30英尺),用户在时间t2和位置l2向数字助理提供第二语音输入SI2(“会下雨吗?”)。响应于第二语音输入SI2,数字助理准备第三语音输出SO3(“不会,库比蒂诺今天不会下雨”)。数字助理现在具有来自两个不同信息提供过程的等待被递送至用户的两个同时可用的响应SO2和SO3。数字助理评估第二语音输出SO2与第三语音输出SO3之间的相对紧迫性。为确定该相对紧迫性,数字助理评估用户的当前位置、用户的当前速度、与第二语音输出SO2相关联的路点的位置、以及在第三语音输出SO3之前递送第二语音输出SO2的可能结果,并且反之亦然。数字助理还考虑SO2和SO3可能保持有效的持续时间。由于用户此时可能非常靠近路点X1(例如,与之相距不到30英尺),因此SO3可能很快变得无效,而SO2将仍长时间保持有效。数字助理进一步确定不尽可能快地递送SO2将使用户错过转弯,而不尽可能快地递送SO3将具有可忽略的不良结果。因此,数字助理确定SO2具有比SO3更高的相对紧迫性,并且刚好在路点X1之前继续提供SO2。在递送SO2并且等待直到用户已在X1处执行转弯之后,数字助理继续提供SO3。此时,第二信息提供过程终止,并且第一信息提供过程继续进行。
继续该实例。假设用户继续在该路线上,并且马上到达第二路点X2,则数字助理提供第四语音输出SO4(“在下一个十字路口左转。”)。在用户执行左转之后,并且在用户到达与第五语音输出SO5(“在下一个十字路口右转。”)相关联的下一个路点X3之前,用户提供启动第三信息提供过程的第三语音输入SI3(“设定在下午2点呼叫妈妈的提醒”)。响应于第三语音输入SI3,数字助理准备第六语音输出SO6(“好的,提醒设定在下午1点55分”)。此时,数字助理再次具有来自两个不同信息提供过程的等待被递送至用户的两个同时可用的响应SO5和SO6。数字助理评估SO5与SO6之间的相对紧迫性。为确定该相对紧迫性,数字助理评估当前位置、当前时间、以及与SO5和SO6相关联的位置和时间。数字助理确定SO5和SO6均不是非常紧迫并且SO5与SO6之间不存在定时冲突。因此,数字助理决定遵循SO5和SO6的默认递送时间,并且立即继续递送SO6(“好的,提醒设定在下午1点55分”),并且等待递送SO5(“在这里右转”),直到用户已到达距路点X3有30英尺时。
继续上述实例,用户随后刚好在下午1点55分前接近与语音输出SO7(“在下一个十字路口右转。”)相关联的下一个路点X4。已针对早先所建立的提醒生成了警示项(例如,第八语音输出SO8“1点55分了。该呼叫妈妈了。”),并且该警示项的默认递送时间为现在(即,1点55分)。此时,数字助理再次具有来自两个不同信息提供过程的等待被递送至用户的两个同时可用的响应SO7和SO8。数字助理评估SO7与SO8之间的相对紧迫性。为确定该相对紧迫性,数字助理评估当前位置、当前时间、以及与SO7和SO8相关联的位置和/或时间。数字助理确定需要立即提供SO7,因为用户已非常靠近路点X4(例如,与之相距不到30英尺)。数字助理还考虑了提醒时间与实际事件时间(下午2点)之间的时间。数字助理任选地确定将无需为呼叫妈妈而做准备,并且断定可延迟SO8,直到递送SO7之后,而不会不利地影响对用户的SO8的实用性。因此,数字助理立即递送SO7。在已递送SO7并且用户已安全地执行右转之后,数字助理在其默认递送时间之后1分钟并且在指定的事件时间之前4分钟递送SO8。警示项SO8的延迟递送不会产生损害。在一些实施例中,第八语音输出SO8被修改以反映延迟。例如,经修改的语音输出为“现在是1点56分,该呼叫妈妈了”。
继续该实例,当用户朝着最终路点X5驾驶时,用户提供第四语音输入SI4(例如,“现在呼叫妈妈”)。数字助理评估到达最终目的地X5的时间,这可确定用户可能在完成电话呼叫之前到达最终目的地。数字助理比较用于建立并保持呼叫与递送最终导航指令SO9(“您已到达。”)的相对紧迫性。数字助理断定最终导航指令的紧迫性低于呼叫,因为不提供最终导航指令的结果不严重。用户可非常清楚地看到图书馆,而无需被明确告知已到达目的地。因此,数字助理继续进行呼叫并允许呼叫存留超过最终导航指令的默认递送时间。在一些实施例中,数字助理将最终导航方向的递送偏移至建立呼叫之前,并且具有一些修改诸如“您几乎已经到达。”或者“距离目的地还有50英尺。”在一些实施例中,如果数字助理稍后检测到用户实际上驶过了目的地,则数字助理可中断呼叫并重新规划路线以将用户带回目的地。
上述实例示出了用于基于目前的上下文来处理用户发起和/或系统发起的中断的示例性过程。图5B为根据一些实施例的示例性过程500的流程图,该示例性过程用于当数字助理正在递送导航方向时处理用户发起和系统发起的中断。
在示例性过程500中,从用户接收(502)导航请求。响应于该导航请求而发起(504)第一信息提供过程,其中该第一信息提供过程包括准备至少第一导航指令(例如,第一逐向指示)和第二导航指令(例如,第二逐向指示)。在与第一导航指令相关联的相应默认递送时间处将第一导航指令递送(506)至用户。在递送第一导航指令之后或同时,检测到(508)用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件。响应于检测到该事件而发起(510)第二信息提供过程,其中该第二信息提供过程包括准备将被递送至用户的关于该事件的相应输出。确定(512)第二导航指令与关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性。然后,基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供(514)第二导航指令以及关于该事件的输出。
在一些实施例中,数字助理确定第二导航指令以及关于该事件的输出的相应默认递送时间。在一些实施例中,数字助理根据第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出的相应默认递送时间来确定在两者的递送之间是否存在定时冲突。
在一些实施例中,当检测到定时冲突时,数字助理确定第二导航指令与关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,除非检测到了定时冲突,否则数字助理不确定第二导航指令与关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性。在一些实施例中,数字助理基于所确定的相对紧迫性来覆写第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出的相应默认递送时间中的至少一个相应默认递送时间。
在一些实施例中,数字助理从用户接收信息请求,并且该信息请求不修改方向请求。该信息请求为用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件。在一些实施例中,关于该事件的输出至少包括语音输出,该语音输出包含响应于信息请求而检索到的信息。
在一些实施例中,数字助理检测针对先前建立的提醒的触发事件的发生。关于该事件的输出至少包括提供先前建立的提醒的内容的警示项。在一些实施例中,用于递送关于该事件的输出的相应默认时间为在先前建立的提醒中指定的提醒时间。
在一些实施例中,数字助理检测到来自当前不由数字助理控制的第三方应用程序或过程的推送通知的到达。数字助理在向用户呈现推送通知之前拦截推送通知。在一些实施例中,关于该事件的输出为由数字助理准备的关于推送通知的到达的语音输出。在一些实施例中,用于递送关于该事件的输出的相应默认时间紧接在推送通知的到达之后。
在一些实施例中,基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出还包括:确定第二导航指令具有比关于该事件的输出更高的相对紧迫性;并且在关于该事件的输出之前递送第二导航指令。
在一些实施例中,基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出还包括:确定第二导航指令具有比关于该事件的输出更低的相对紧迫性;并且在关于该事件的输出之后递送第二导航指令。
在一些实施例中,用于提供第二导航指令的相应默认时间基于用户的当前位置和与第二导航指令相关联的相应路点之间的预先确定的接近度。
在一些实施例中,确定第二导航指令与关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性还包括确定与用户相关联的目前的上下文;并且基于与用户相关联的目前的上下文来确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。
在一些实施例中,确定第二导航指令与关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性还包括确定第二导航指令是否与在距用户的当前位置预先确定的距离内的路点相关联。
在一些实施例中,确定第二导航指令和关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性还包括确定用户是否可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二导航指令相关联的路点。在一些实施例中,预先确定的时间窗口基于向用户递送第三响应所需的相应时间缓冲。
在一些实施例中,确定第二导航指令与关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性还包括:当确定用户可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二导航指令相关联的路点时,向第二导航指令分配比关于该事件的输出更高的紧迫性级别。
在一些实施例中,确定第二导航指令与关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性还包括:当确定用户不可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与第二导航指令相关联的路点时,向第二导航指令分配比关于该事件的输出更高的紧迫性级别。
在一些实施例中,确定与用户相关联的目前的上下文还包括:监测用户的当前位置、当前方向和当前速度(例如,使用GPS设备);并且基于该监测来确定目前的上下文。
在一些实施例中,关于该事件的输出是针对先前建立的提醒或第三方通知的到达而生成的警示项,并且确定相对紧迫性还包括:基于目前的上下文,确定在第二导航指令的相应默认递送时间递送第二导航指令是否可能不利地影响对用户的提醒或通知的实用性。在一些实施例中,当确定在第二逐向指示的相应默认递送时间递送第二导航指令可能影响提醒或通知的实用性时,数字助理向第二导航指令分配比警示项更低的相对紧迫性,并且延迟递送第二导航指令,直到将针对提醒或通知的警示项递送至用户之后。
在一些实施例中,当确定在第二导航指令的相应默认递送时间递送第二导航指令不可能影响提醒或通知的实用性时,数字助理向第二导航指令分配比针对提醒或通知的警示项更高的相对紧迫性,并且延迟递送针对提醒或通知的警示项,直到将第二导航指令递送至用户之后。在一些实施例中,在先前建立的提醒中指定的提醒时间与在先前建立的提醒中指定的事件时间之前所需的阈值量的准备时间之间的周期期间,数字助理确定提醒或通知的实用性不可能受到影响。
上述过程在于导航期间提供导航指令的上下文中有所描述。受益于本说明书中所描述的上下文有关的个例相对紧迫性评估的另一示例性信息提供过程是由数字助理所提供的实时烹饪或实验指导。例如,用户可通过语音输入来请求来自数字助理的实时烹饪指导。数字助理在适当时候读出一系列烹饪步骤,使得烹饪在正确的时间量内完成。例如,在指导过程期间,数字助理提供指令“将意大利面放入锅内并煮五分钟。”在该指令之后,数字助理等待30秒(例如,与指令相关联的时间缓冲)以用于用户完成所指示的动作。数字助理随后提供下一个指令“将蔬菜切成条。”当用户切蔬菜时,数字助理保持沉默。如果在5分钟烹饪时间截止之前不久用户突然说“我要怎么切辣椒?”,则数字助理确定是对用户的问题作出响应还是提供下一个指令(例如,“现在将意大利面从锅中取出。”)。如果用户在5分钟烹饪时间结束之前提出了他的问题,则数字助理将决定提供对有关切辣椒的新问题的回答更为紧迫。但在该场景中,数字助理将考虑提供下一个指令更为紧迫,因为如果不在正确的时间将意大利面从锅中取出,那么意大利面将煮糊。在数字助理已提供指令“现在将意大利面从锅中取出”之后,数字助理评估对与用户的蔬菜相关问题的回答与烹饪菜谱中的下一个指令(例如,“将蔬菜条放入锅中。”)之间的相对紧迫性。在该场景中,数字助理认为回答用户的关于如何将蔬菜切成条的问题更为紧迫,因为延迟回答用户的问题将不利地影响对用户的下一个指令的实用性。换句话讲,下一个指令(例如,“将蔬菜条放入锅中。”)对于用户而言没有用,直到用户发现如何切蔬菜。因此,数字助理利用一系列指令来回答用户的关于如何切辣椒的问题,并且延迟递送下一个指令(例如,“将蔬菜条放入锅中。”),直到已将关于切辣椒的指令提供至用户之后。
受益于本说明书中所描述的上下文有关的个例相对紧迫性评估的另一示例性信息提供过程是由数字助理所提供的实时锻炼指导。例如,用户可通过语音输入来请求来自数字助理的实时指导。数字助理在适当时候读出一系列常规锻炼项目,使得每个常规项目在正确的时间量内执行。例如,在指令过程期间,数字助理提供指令“常规项目1,举起你的手臂并站着不动”。在该指令之后,数字助理等待60秒以用于用户完成所指示的常规项目。在该常规项目结束之前,用户要求“给我找一家好的冰淇淋店”。数字助理在60秒结束时确定是对用户的搜索请求作出响应还是读出下一个锻炼指令(例如,“现在放下你的手臂。”)。在这种情况下,60秒的时间太短而没有足够的时间回答用户的搜索请求,并且该回答不是时间紧急的。因此,数字助理确定下一个指令更紧迫并在60秒结束时递送该指令。此后,数字助理考虑是读出下一个指令(例如,“现在抬起你的左腿并用你的右腿站立5分钟。”)还是提供对搜索请求的回答(例如,搜索冰淇淋店)。再次,数字助理确定提供下一个锻炼指令更为紧迫,因为对用户问题的回答将保持有效,直到提供下一个锻炼指令之后,并且基于由数字助理所建立的优先级参数,搜索冰淇淋店看起来并不是一件紧迫的事。在数字助理提供下一个指令之后,数字助理通过一系列语音输出来将有关冰淇淋店的搜索结果继续提供至用户。突然,当数字助理正在向用户读出搜索结果列表时,用户大喊“噢,我受伤了,呼叫911!”在这个示例性场景中,数字助理保持连续监听模式并从用户捕获该语音输入。数字助理确定是继续读出搜索结果还是对用户的新语音输入作出响应。基于新语音输入的内容,数字助理确定发生了紧急事件,并且数字助理立即暂停搜索结果读出并对用户作出响应“好的,马上。”当数字助理联系紧急服务时,数字助理任选地将一系列自助指令提供至用户,诸如“呆着别动。”或者“您正在流血吗?”等等。
在一些实施例中,数字助理将针对搜索结果读出的信息提供过程保持(例如,暂停但不放弃)延长的时间段。例如,在一些实施例中,在已由紧急服务对用户进行了处理并且用户看起来恢复冷静和镇定状态之后,数字助理恢复暂停的信息提供过程。在一些实施例中,数字助理任选地提供语音输出以将用户带回到暂停的信息提供过程的上下文。例如,在这个示例性场景中,数字助理提供语音输出“仍对冰淇淋店感兴趣吗?”此时,用户可允许数字助理恢复暂停的搜索结果读出,或者通过说“不。”来终止暂停的搜索结果读出。
根据一些实施例,图6示出根据如上所述的本发明的原理进行配置的电子设备600的功能框图。该设备的功能块可由硬件、软件或硬件和软件的组合来实现,以执行本发明的原理。本领域的技术人员应当理解,图6中所描述的功能块可被组合或分割成子块,以实现如上所述的本发明的原理。因此,本文中的描述可支持对本文所述的功能块的任何可能的组合或分离或进一步限定。
如图6所示,电子设备600包括语音接收单元602、第一信息提供单元604、第一响应提供单元606、检测单元608、第二信息提供单元610、紧迫性确定单元612、以及第二响应提供单元614。语音接收单元602被配置为从用户接收第一语音输入。第一信息提供单元604被配置为响应于接收到第一语音输入而发起第一信息提供过程,该第一信息提供过程包括准备对第一语音输入的至少第一响应和第二响应。第一响应提供单元606被配置为将第一响应提供至用户。检测单元608被配置为在将第一响应提供至用户之后或同时,但在将第二响应提供至用户之前,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件。第二信息提供单元610被配置为响应于检测到该事件而发起第二信息提供过程,该第二信息提供过程包括准备对该事件的至少第三响应。紧迫性确定单元612被配置为确定第二响应和第三响应之间的相对紧迫性。第二响应提供单元614被配置为基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序将第二响应和第三响应中的一者提供至用户。在一些实施例中,第一信息提供单元604和第二信息提供单元610是同一信息提供单元。在一些实施例中,第一响应提供单元606和第二响应提供单元614是同一响应提供单元。在一些实施例中,电子设备600被进一步配置为(例如,通过一个或多个其他功能单元616)执行上文所述的其他功能和过程。
根据一些实施例,图7示出根据如上所述的本发明的原理进行配置的电子设备700的功能框图。该设备的功能块可由硬件、软件或硬件和软件的组合来实现,以执行本发明的原理。本领域的技术人员应当理解,图7中所描述的功能块可被组合或分割成子块,以实现如上所述的本发明的原理。因此,本文中的描述可支持对本文所述的功能块的任何可能的组合或分离或进一步限定。
如图7所示,电子设备700包括请求接收单元702、第一信息提供单元704、递送单元706、检测单元708、第二信息提供单元710、紧迫性确定单元712、以及指令提供单元714。请求接收单元702被配置为从用户接收导航请求。信息提供单元704被配置为响应于导航请求而发起第一信息提供过程,该第一信息提供过程包括准备至少第一导航指令和第二导航指令。递送单元706被配置为在与第一导航指令相关联的相应默认递送时间向用户递送第一导航指令。检测单元708被配置为在递送第一导航指令之后或同时,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件。第二信息提供单元710被配置为响应于检测到该事件而发起第二信息提供过程,该第二信息提供过程包括准备将被递送至用户的关于该事件的相应输出。紧迫性确定单元712被配置为确定第二导航指令与关于该事件的输出之间的相对紧迫性。指令提供单元714被配置为基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供第二导航指令以及关于该事件的输出。在一些实施例中,电子设备700被进一步配置为(例如,通过一个或多个其他功能单元716)执行上文所述的其他功能和过程。
为了解释的目的,前面的描述是通过参考具体实施例来进行描述的。然而,上面的示例性讨论并非旨在是穷尽的或将本发明限制为所公开的精确形式。根据以上教导内容,很多修改和变型都是可能的。选择和描述实施例是为了更好地解释本发明的原理及其实际应用,以由此使得本领域的其他技术人员能够更好地利用具有适合于所构想的特定用途的各种修改的本发明以及各种实施例。

Claims (104)

1.一种操作数字助理的方法,包括:
在具有存储器和一个或多个处理器的设备处:
从用户接收第一语音输入;
响应于接收到所述第一语音输入而发起第一信息提供过程,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备对所述第一语音输入的至少第一响应和第二响应;
将所述第一响应提供至所述用户;
在将所述第一响应提供至所述用户之后或同时,但在将所述第二响应提供至所述用户之前,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件;
响应于检测到所述事件而发起所述第二信息提供过程,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备对所述事件的至少第三响应;
确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的相对紧迫性;以及
基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序将所述第二响应和所述第三响应中的一者提供至所述用户。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第一响应和所述第二响应是对所述第一语音输入的一系列离散子响应中的两个连续子响应。
3.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第一信息提供过程还包括在延长的时间段内将所述一系列离散子响应一次一个地提供至所述用户,而无需来自所述用户的另外的提示。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法,其中提供所述一系列离散子响应中的全部离散子响应使所述第一信息提供过程终止。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第一语音输入为导航请求,并且所述第一响应和所述第二响应为响应于所述导航请求而准备的与沿着路线的两个不同路点相关联的两个导航指令。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第一语音输入为搜索请求,并且所述第一响应和所述第二响应为用于读出响应于所述搜索请求而检索到的两个不同搜索结果的语音输出。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第一语音输入为列表读出请求,并且所述第一响应为对信息项列表或信息项子集进行汇总的语音输出,或者为用于读出所述信息项列表中的至少一个信息项的内容的语音输出。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法,其中所述列表读出请求为对读出以下中的一者的请求:烹饪菜谱、电子邮件消息列表、搜索结果列表、指令列表、诊断过程列表、常规锻炼项目列表、日历条目列表、提醒列表、导航指令列表、语音邮件消息列表以及SMS消息列表。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第一语音输入为对建立将在稍后的时间由指定的触发事件的发生来触发的提醒的请求,所述第一响应为对所述第一语音输入的确认,并且所述第二响应为将在所述稍后的时间被递送至所述用户的警示项。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法,其中所述事件为从所述用户接收到第二语音输入。
11.根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第三响应为对所述第二语音输入的完整响应。
12.根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第三响应为对将在延长的时间段内提供至所述用户的所述第二语音输入的一系列子响应中的初始子响应。
13.根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的方法,其中所述事件为针对先前建立的提醒的触发事件的发生。
14.根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第三响应为用于提供所述提醒的内容的语音输出。
15.根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的方法,其中所述事件为推送通知的到达。
16.根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第三响应为用于提供所述推送通知的内容的语音输出。
17.根据权利要求1-16中任一项所述的方法,其中所述事件为接收到不改变所述第二响应的有效性的第二语音输入。
18.根据权利要求1-17中任一项所述的方法,其中所述事件包括接收到定向至所述数字助理的语音输入以及通过当前由所述数字助理控制的应用程序或过程来生成警示或提醒。
19.根据权利要求1-18中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第一语音输入为第一信息请求,所述事件为接收到第二信息请求,所述第二响应和所述第三响应为用于提供由所述第一信息请求和所述第二信息请求所请求的相应信息的两个语音输出。
20.根据权利要求1-19中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第一语音输入为对建立将在稍后的时间被递送的提醒的请求,所述事件为接收到信息请求,所述第二响应为用于提供所建立的提醒的内容的警示项,并且所述第三响应为用于提供响应于所述信息请求而检索到的信息的语音输出。
21.根据权利要求1-20中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第一语音输入为信息请求,所述事件为针对先前建立的提醒的触发事件的发生或推送通知的到达,所述第二响应为用于提供响应于所述信息请求而检索到的信息的语音输出,并且所述第三响应为用于提供先前建立的提醒或推送通知的内容的警示项。
22.根据权利要求1-21中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
确定所述数字助理当前是否正在免提模式或免视模式下工作;以及
当确定所述数字助理当前正在所述免提模式或免视模式下工作时,确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所述相对紧迫性。
23.根据权利要求1-22中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
检测所述用户当前正在运动;以及
当检测到所述用户当前正在运动时,调用所述数字助理的所述免提模式或所述免视模式。
24.根据权利要求1-22中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
检测所述用户当前正在执行以下动作中的一个动作:对车辆进行导航、行走、慢跑、锻炼以及操作当前不由所述数字助理控制的设备或应用程序;以及
在检测到时,调用所述免提模式或所述免视模式。
25.根据权利要求1-24中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应是否适合在所述设备的不同输出通道上并行地提供;以及
当确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应不适合在所述设备的不同输出通道上并行地提供时,确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所述相对紧迫性。
26.根据权利要求1-25中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
检测到所述数字助理正在免提或免视模式下工作;以及
当检测到所述数字助理正在所述免提或免视模式下工作时,确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应不适合在不同输出通道上并行地提供。
27.根据权利要求1-25中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
检测到所述数字助理正在免提或免视模式下工作;以及
提供所述第二响应和所述第三响应作为经由所述设备的音频输出通道的相应语音输出。
28.根据权利要求1-27中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第一信息提供过程还包括:
处理所述第一语音输入以识别所述第一语音输入中所表达的信息请求;
识别多个信息项以满足所述信息请求;以及
准备对所述第一语音输入的一系列离散子响应,所述一系列离散子响应至少包括各自描述所述多个信息项中的相应的一个或多个信息项的所述第一响应和所述第二响应,并且所述一系列子响应共同构成对所述第一语音输入的完整响应。
29.根据权利要求1-28中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
确定用于递送对所述第一语音输入的所述一系列子响应中的每个子响应的相应默认时间。
30.根据权利要求1-29中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
基于所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所确定的相对紧迫性来动态地覆写用于递送所述第二响应的所述相应默认时间。
31.根据权利要求1-29中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
确定用于将所述第三响应递送至所述用户的相应默认时间;以及
基于所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所确定的相对紧迫性来动态地覆写用于递送所述第三响应的所述相应默认时间。
32.根据权利要求1-28中任一项所述的方法,其中所述信息请求为导航请求,所述第二响应为沿预先确定的路线的导航指令,并且其中所述第一信息提供过程还包括:
确定用于在车辆导航期间提供所述导航指令的相应默认时间。
33.根据权利要求1-32中任一项所述的方法,其中确定用于提供所述导航指令的所述相应默认时间还包括:
基于所述用户的当前位置和沿所述预先确定的路线与所述第二响应相关联的相应路点之间的预先确定的接近度来确定所述相应默认时间。
34.根据权利要求1-32中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
确定用于递送所述第三响应的相应默认时间;以及
动态地覆写用于递送所述第二响应和所述第三响应的所述相应默认递送时间中的至少一个相应默认递送时间。
35.根据权利要求1-34中任一项所述的方法,其中用于递送所述第三响应的所述相应默认时间为紧接在所述第三响应变得可用之后的时间。
36.根据权利要求1-34中任一项所述的方法,其中用于递送所述第三响应的所述相应默认时间为紧接在发生针对所述第三响应的预先确定的触发事件之后的时间。
37.根据权利要求1-36中任一项所述的方法,其中所述预先确定的触发事件为到达基于系统时钟的预先确定的触发时间。
38.根据权利要求1-36中任一项所述的方法,其中所述预先确定的触发事件为预先确定的触发消息到达所述设备处。
39.根据权利要求1-38中任一项所述的方法,其中确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所述相对紧迫性还包括:
确定与所述用户相关联的目前的上下文;以及
基于与所述用户相关联的所述目前的上下文来确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所述相对紧迫性。
40.根据权利要求1-39中任一项所述的方法,其中与所述用户相关联的所述目前的上下文由以下中的一者或多者形成:所述用户的当前位置、所述用户的当前速度、所述用户的当前行进方向、当前时间、一个或多个预先确定的用户偏好、与所述第二响应相关联的位置、与所述第三响应相关联的位置、将所述第二响应递送至所述用户所需的时间段、将所述第三响应递送至所述用户所需的时间段、用于将所述第二响应递送至所述用户的默认时间、用于将所述第三响应递送至所述用户的默认时间、所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的冲突程度、所述第二响应的内容、所述第三响应的内容、所述第二响应将可能保持相关的时间窗口、所述第三响应将可能保持相关的时间窗口、在所述第三响应之前递送所述第二响应的可能结果、以及在所述第二响应之前递送所述第三响应的可能结果。
41.根据权利要求1-40中任一项所述的方法,其中确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所述相对紧迫性还包括:
确定所述第二响应是否与在距所述用户的当前位置预先确定的距离内的位置相关联。
42.根据权利要求1-41中任一项所述的方法,其中所述预先确定的距离基于所述用户的当前速度。
43.根据权利要求1-41中任一项所述的方法,其中确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所述相对紧迫性还包括:
确定所述用户是否可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与所述第二响应相关联的位置。
44.根据权利要求1-43中任一项所述的方法,其中所述预先确定的时间窗口基于将所述第三响应递送至所述用户所需的相应时间段。
45.根据权利要求1-43中任一项所述的方法,其中确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所述相对紧迫性还包括:
当确定所述用户可能在距所述当前时间所述预先确定的时间窗口内经过与所述第二响应相关联的所述位置时,向所述第二响应分配比所述第三响应更高的紧迫性级别。
46.根据权利要求1-43中任一项所述的方法,其中确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所述相对紧迫性还包括:
当确定所述用户不可能在距所述当前时间所述预先确定的时间窗口内经过与所述第二响应相关联的所述位置时,向所述第三响应分配比所述第二响应更高的紧迫性级别。
47.根据权利要求1-39中任一项所述的方法,其中确定与所述用户相关联的所述目前的上下文还包括:
监测所述用户的当前位置、当前方向和当前速度;以及
基于所述监测来确定所述目前的上下文。
48.根据权利要求1-39中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第二响应为响应于所述第一语音输入来提供信息项,并且所述第三响应为针对先前建立的提醒或推送通知的到达而生成的警示项,并且其中所述方法还包括:
基于所述目前的上下文,确定在所述第二响应的相应默认递送时间递送所述第二响应是否可能不利地影响对所述用户的所述提醒或所述推送通知的实用性。
49.根据权利要求1-48中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
当确定在所述相应默认递送时间递送所述第二响应可能影响所述提醒或通知的所述实用性时,向所述第二响应分配比所述第三响应更低的相对紧迫性;以及
延迟递送所述第二响应,直到将所述提醒或推送通知递送至所述用户之后。
50.根据权利要求1-48中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
当确定在所述相应默认递送时间递送所述第二响应不可能影响所述提醒或通知的所述实用性时,向所述第二响应分配比所述第三响应更高的相对紧迫性;以及
延迟递送针对所述提醒或推送通知的所述警示项,直到将所述第二响应递送至所述用户之后。
51.根据权利要求1-50中任一项所述的方法,其中检测用于发起所述第二信息提供过程的所述事件还包括:
在提供对所述第一语音输入的任何响应之前接收第二语音输入,并且接收所述第二语音输入用于发起所述第二信息过程。
52.根据权利要求1-51中任一项所述的方法,其中检测用于发起所述第二信息提供过程的所述事件还包括:
在提供对所述第一语音输入的一系列响应中的至少一个响应之后并且在将所述一系列响应中的全部响应提供至所述用户之前接收第二语音输入。
53.根据权利要求1-52中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
基于所述第二响应和所述第三响应的相应默认递送时间来检测在所述第二响应和所述第三响应的递送之间是否存在定时冲突;
当检测到所述定时冲突时,确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所述相对紧迫性;以及
基于所确定的相对紧迫性来覆写所述第二响应和所述第三响应中的一者的所述相应默认递送时间。
54.根据权利要求1-53中任一项所述的方法,其中用于所述第二响应的所述相应默认递送时间为用于所述第二响应的预计递送时间,如同所述第二响应是等待被递送至所述用户的唯一响应那样。
55.根据权利要求1-53中任一项所述的方法,其中用于所述第三响应的所述相应默认递送时间为用于所述第三响应的预计递送时间,如同所述第三响应是等待被递送至所述用户的唯一响应那样。
56.根据权利要求1-53中任一项所述的方法,其中检测是否存在所述定时冲突还基于当被递送至所述用户时所述第二响应和所述第三响应的相应持续时间。
57.一种方法,包括根据权利要求1-56所述的方法的任何组合的特征。
58.一种非暂态计算机可读介质,所述非暂态计算机可读介质上存储有指令,所述指令当由一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述处理器执行操作,所述操作包括:
从用户接收第一语音输入;
响应于接收到所述第一语音输入而发起第一信息提供过程,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备对所述第一语音输入的至少第一响应和第二响应;
将所述第一响应提供至所述用户;
在将所述第一响应提供至所述用户之后或同时,但在将所述第二响应提供至所述用户之前,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件;
响应于检测到所述事件而发起所述第二信息提供过程,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备对所述事件的至少第三响应;
确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的相对紧迫性;以及
基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序将所述第二响应和所述第三响应中的一者提供至所述用户。
59.一种非暂态计算机可读介质,所述非暂态计算机可读介质上存储有指令,所述指令当由一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述处理器执行根据权利要求1-57所述的方法中的任一方法。
60.一种系统,包括:
一个或多个处理器;以及
存储器,所述存储器上存储有指令,所述指令当由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述处理器执行操作,所述操作包括:
从用户接收第一语音输入;
响应于接收到所述第一语音输入而发起第一信息提供过程,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备对所述第一语音输入的至少第一响应和第二响应;
将所述第一响应提供至所述用户;
在将所述第一响应提供至所述用户之后或同时,但在将所述第二响应提供至所述用户之前,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件;
响应于检测到所述事件而发起所述第二信息提供过程,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备对所述事件的至少第三响应;
确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的相对紧迫性;以及
基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序将所述第二响应和所述第三响应中的一者提供至所述用户。
61.一种系统,包括:
一个或多个处理器;以及
存储器,所述存储器上存储有指令,所述指令当由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述处理器执行根据权利要求1-57所述的方法中的任一方法。
62.一种电子设备,包括:
用于从用户接收第一语音输入的装置;
用于响应于接收到所述第一语音输入而发起第一信息提供过程的装置,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备对所述第一语音输入的至少第一响应和第二响应;
用于将所述第一响应提供至所述用户的装置;
用于在将所述第一响应提供至所述用户之后或同时但在将所述第二响应提供至所述用户之前检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件的装置;
用于响应于检测到所述事件而发起所述第二信息提供过程的装置,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备对所述事件的至少第三响应;
用于确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的相对紧迫性的装置;以及
用于基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序将所述第二响应和所述第三响应中的一者提供至所述用户的装置。
63.一种电子设备,包括:
用于执行根据权利要求1-57所述的方法中的任一方法的装置。
64.一种在电子设备中使用的信息处理装置,包括:
用于从用户接收第一语音输入的装置;
用于响应于接收到所述第一语音输入而发起第一信息提供过程的装置,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备对所述第一语音输入的至少第一响应和第二响应;
用于将所述第一响应提供至所述用户的装置;
用于在将所述第一响应提供至所述用户之后或同时但在将所述第二响应提供至所述用户之前检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件的装置;
用于响应于检测到所述事件而发起所述第二信息提供过程的装置,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备对所述事件的至少第三响应;
用于确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的相对紧迫性的装置;以及
用于基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序将所述第二响应和所述第三响应中的一者提供至所述用户的装置。
65.一种在电子设备中使用的信息处理装置,包括:
用于执行根据权利要求1-57所述的方法中的任一方法的装置。
66.一种电子设备,包括:
语音接收单元,所述语音接收单元被配置为从用户接收第一语音输入;
第一信息提供单元,所述第一信息提供单元被配置为响应于接收到所述第一语音输入而发起第一信息提供过程,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备对所述第一语音输入的至少第一响应和第二响应;
第一响应提供单元,所述第一响应提供单元被配置为将所述第一响应提供至所述用户;
检测单元,所述检测单元被配置为在将所述第一响应提供至所述用户之后或同时,但在将所述第二响应提供至所述用户之前,检测用于发起所述第二信息提供过程的事件;
第二信息提供单元,所述第二信息提供单元被配置为响应于检测到所述事件而发起第二信息提供过程,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备对所述事件的至少第三响应;
紧迫性确定单元,所述紧迫性确定单元被配置为确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的相对紧迫性;以及
第二响应提供单元,所述第二响应提供单元被配置为基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序将所述第二响应和所述第三响应中的一者提供至所述用户。
67.根据权利要求66所述的电子设备,被进一步配置为提供在根据权利要求1-57所述方法中的任一方法中所描述的特征。
68.一种操作数字助理的方法,包括:
在具有存储器和一个或多个处理器的设备处:
从用户接收导航请求;
响应于所述导航请求而发起第一信息提供过程,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备至少第一导航指令和第二导航指令;
在与所述第一导航指令相关联的相应默认递送时间处将所述第一导航指令递送至所述用户;
在递送所述第一导航指令之后或同时,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件;
响应于检测到所述事件而发起所述第二信息提供过程,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备将被递送至所述用户的关于所述事件的相应输出;
确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的相对紧迫性;以及
基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供所述第二导航指令以及关于所述事件的所述输出。
69.根据权利要求68所述的方法,还包括:
确定用于所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出的相应默认递送时间;以及
根据所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出的相应默认递送时间来确定在两者的递送之间是否存在定时冲突。
70.根据权利要求68-69中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
当检测到所述定时冲突时,确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的所述相对紧迫性。
71.根据权利要求68-69中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
基于所确定的相对紧迫性来覆写所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出的所述相应默认递送时间中的至少一个相应默认递送时间。
72.根据权利要求68-71中任一项所述的方法,其中检测所述事件还包括:
从所述用户接收信息请求,其中所述信息请求不修改方向请求。
73.根据权利要求68-71中任一项所述的方法,其中关于所述事件的所述输出至少包括语音输出,所述语音输出包含响应于所述信息请求而检索到的信息。
74.根据权利要求68-71中任一项所述的方法,其中检测所述事件还包括:
检测针对先前建立的提醒的触发事件的发生。
75.根据权利要求68-74中任一项所述的方法,其中关于所述事件的所述输出至少包括用于提供先前建立的提醒的内容的警示项。
76.根据权利要求68-75中任一项所述的方法,其中用于递送关于所述事件的所述输出的所述相应默认时间为在先前建立的提醒中指定的提醒时间。
77.根据权利要求68-71中任一项所述的方法,其中检测所述事件还包括:
检测来自当前不由所述数字助理控制的应用程序或过程的推送通知的到达;以及
在向所述用户呈现所述推送通知之前拦截所述推送通知。
78.根据权利要求68-77中任一项所述的方法,其中关于所述事件的所述输出为由所述数字助理准备的关于所述推送通知的到达的语音输出。
79.根据权利要求68-78中任一项所述的方法,其中用于递送关于所述事件的所述输出的所述相应默认时间紧接在所述推送通知的所述到达之后。
80.根据权利要求68-71中任一项所述的方法,其中基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出还包括:
确定所述第二导航指令具有比关于所述事件的所述输出更高的相对紧迫性;以及
在关于所述事件的所述输出之前递送所述第二导航指令。
81.根据权利要求68-71中任一项所述的方法,基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出还包括:
确定所述第二导航指令具有比关于所述事件的所述输出更低的相对紧迫性;以及
在关于所述事件的所述输出之后递送所述第二导航指令。
82.根据权利要求68-69中任一项所述的方法,其中用于提供所述第二导航指令的所述相应默认时间基于所述用户的当前位置和与所述第二导航指令相关联的相应路点之间的预先确定的接近度。
83.根据权利要求68-69中任一项所述的方法,其中确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的所述相对紧迫性还包括:
确定与所述用户相关联的目前的上下文;以及
基于与所述用户相关联的所述目前的上下文来确定所述第二响应和所述第三响应之间的所述相对紧迫性。
84.根据权利要求68-83中任一项所述的方法,其中确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的所述相对紧迫性还包括:
确定所述第二导航指令是否与在距所述用户的当前位置预先确定的距离内的路点相关联。
85.根据权利要求68-83中任一项所述的方法,其中确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的所述相对紧迫性还包括:
确定所述用户是否可能在距当前时间预先确定的时间窗口内经过与所述第二导航指令相关联的路点。
86.根据权利要求68-85中任一项所述的方法,其中所述预先确定的时间窗口基于将所述第三响应递送至所述用户所需的相应时间缓冲。
87.根据权利要求68-86中任一项所述的方法,其中确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的所述相对紧迫性还包括:
当确定所述用户可能在距所述当前时间所述预先确定的时间窗口内经过与所述第二导航指令相关联的所述路点时,向所述第二导航指令分配比关于所述事件的所述输出更高的紧迫性级别。
88.根据权利要求68-86中任一项所述的方法,其中确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的所述相对紧迫性还包括:
当确定所述用户不可能在距所述当前时间所述预先确定的时间窗口内经过与所述第二导航指令相关联的所述路点时,向所述第二导航指令分配比关于所述事件的所述输出更高的紧迫性级别。
89.根据权利要求68-83中任一项所述的方法,其中确定与所述用户相关联的所述目前的上下文还包括:
监测所述用户的当前位置、当前方向和当前速度;以及
基于所述监测来确定所述目前的上下文。
90.根据权利要求68-83中任一项所述的方法,其中关于所述事件的所述输出是针对先前建立的提醒或第三方通知的到达而生成的警示项,并且其中确定所述相对紧迫性还包括:
基于所述目前的上下文,确定在所述第二导航指令的所述相应默认递送时间递送所述第二导航指令是否可能不利地影响对所述用户的所述提醒或通知的实用性。
91.根据权利要求68-90中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
当确定在所述第二导航指令的所述相应默认递送时间递送所述第二导航指令可能影响所述提醒或通知的所述实用性时,向所述第二导航指令分配比所述警示项更低的相对紧迫性;以及
延迟递送所述第二导航指令,直到将针对所述提醒或通知的所述警示项递送至所述用户之后。
92.根据权利要求68-90中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
当确定在所述第二导航指令的所述相应默认递送时间递送所述第二导航指令不可能影响所述提醒或通知的所述实用性时,向所述第二导航指令分配比针对所述提醒或通知的所述警示项更高的相对紧迫性;以及
延迟递送针对所述提醒或通知的所述警示项,直到将所述第二导航指令递送至所述用户之后。
93.根据权利要求68-90中任一项所述的方法,其中在先前建立的提醒中指定的提醒时间和在先前建立的提醒中指定的事件时间之前所需的阈值量的准备时间之间的周期期间,所述提醒或通知的所述实用性不可能受到影响。
94.一种方法,包括根据权利要求68-93所述的方法的任何组合的特征。
95.一种非暂态计算机可读介质,所述非暂态计算机可读介质上存储有指令,所述指令当由一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述处理器执行操作,所述操作包括:
从用户接收导航请求;
响应于所述导航请求而发起第一信息提供过程,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备至少第一导航指令和第二导航指令;
在与所述第一导航指令相关联的相应默认递送时间处将所述第一导航指令递送至所述用户;
在递送所述第一导航指令之后或同时,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件;
响应于检测到所述事件而发起所述第二信息提供过程,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备将被递送至所述用户的关于所述事件的相应输出;
确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的相对紧迫性;以及
基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供所述第二导航指令以及关于所述事件的所述输出。
96.一种非暂态计算机可读介质,所述非暂态计算机可读介质上存储有指令,所述指令当由一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述处理器执行根据权利要求68-94所述的方法中的任一方法。
97.一种系统,包括:
一个或多个处理器;以及
存储器,所述存储器上存储有指令,所述指令当由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述处理器执行操作,所述操作包括:
从用户接收导航请求;
响应于所述导航请求而发起第一信息提供过程,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备至少第一导航指令和第二导航指令;
在与所述第一导航指令相关联的相应默认递送时间处将所述第一导航指令递送至所述用户;
在递送所述第一导航指令之后或同时,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件;
响应于检测到所述事件而发起所述第二信息提供过程,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备将被递送至所述用户的关于所述事件的相应输出;
确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的相对紧迫性;以及
基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供所述第二导航指令以及关于所述事件的所述输出。
98.一种系统,包括:
一个或多个处理器;以及
存储器,所述存储器上存储有指令,所述指令当由所述一个或多个处理器执行时使得所述处理器执行根据权利要求68-94所述的方法中的任一方法。
99.一种电子设备,包括:
用于从用户接收导航请求的装置;
用于响应于所述导航请求而发起第一信息提供过程的装置,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备至少第一导航指令和第二导航指令;
用于在与所述第一导航指令相关联的相应默认递送时间处将所述第一导航指令递送至所述用户的装置;
用于在递送所述第一导航指令之后或同时检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件的装置;
用于响应于检测到所述事件而发起所述第二信息提供过程的装置,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备将被递送至所述用户的关于所述事件的相应输出;
用于确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的相对紧迫性的装置;以及
用于基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供所述第二导航指令以及关于所述事件的所述输出的装置。
100.一种电子设备,包括:
用于执行根据权利要求68-94所述的方法中的任一方法的装置。
101.一种在电子设备中使用的信息处理装置,包括:
用于从用户接收导航请求的装置;
用于响应于所述导航请求而发起第一信息提供过程的装置,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备至少第一导航指令和第二导航指令;
用于在与所述第一导航指令相关联的相应默认递送时间处将所述第一导航指令递送至所述用户的装置;
用于在递送所述第一导航指令之后或同时检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件的装置;
用于响应于检测到所述事件而发起所述第二信息提供过程的装置,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备将被递送至所述用户的关于所述事件的相应输出;
用于确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的相对紧迫性的装置;以及
用于基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供所述第二导航指令以及关于所述事件的所述输出的装置。
102.一种在电子设备中使用的信息处理装置,包括:
用于执行根据权利要求68-94所述的方法中的任一方法的装置。
103.一种电子设备,包括:
请求接收单元,所述请求接收单元被配置为从用户接收导航请求;
第一信息提供单元,所述第一信息提供单元被配置为响应于所述导航请求而发起第一信息提供过程,所述第一信息提供过程包括准备至少第一导航指令和第二导航指令;
递送单元,所述递送单元被配置为在与所述第一导航指令相关联的相应默认递送时间处将所述第一导航指令递送至所述用户;
检测单元,所述检测单元被配置为在递送所述第一导航指令之后或同时,检测用于发起第二信息提供过程的事件;
第二信息提供单元,所述第二信息提供单元被配置为响应于检测到所述事件而发起所述第二信息提供过程,所述第二信息提供过程包括准备将被递送至所述用户的关于所述事件的相应输出;
紧迫性确定单元,所述紧迫性确定单元被配置为确定所述第二导航指令和关于所述事件的所述输出之间的相对紧迫性;以及
指令提供单元,所述指令提供单元被配置为基于所确定的相对紧迫性以一定次序提供所述第二导航指令以及关于所述事件的所述输出。
104.一种电子设备,所述电子设备被进一步配置为提供在根据权利要求68-94所述方法中的任一方法中所描述的特征。
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