CN104462692A - Automatic vertical section gradient generating method based on deductive method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic vertical section gradient generating method based on a deductive method. According to the method, a vertical section assessment mechanism based on interval natural geographical division and interval earthwork balance is established quickly, quantifiable bases are provided for rational level of gradient lines, a design mode and a design process of an engineer are simulated completely, terrain and topographic information in ground lines is mined creatively, information data are fully used in a design process, and a most satisfactory design achievement is obtained by step-by-step deduction, so that programmed and intelligentialized automatic vertical section gradient alignment design is achieved. Through multiple test and comparison, the automatic design achievements are superior to or approximate to an actual design scheme of the engineer and provide ideal design reference for the engineer to reasonably design vertical section gradient, so that design efficiency and design quality are improved remarkably, and design capability and design level of enterprises can be improved remarkably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering robotization, intelligentized design field, refer to a kind of vertical section automatic gradient generation method based on deduction particularly.
Background technology
The vertical alignment design such as traditional railway, highway all adopt and manually draw slope, for long line, consider many controlling factors, even the slip-stick artist known a thing or two, draw rationally and the vertical section meeting specification also needs deliberate repeatedly, be reference owing to there is no quantitative evaluation index, design proposal only have better do not have best, therefore, artificial vertical alignment design once design in be difficult to exhaustive, often need repeatedly to check, extend the design cycle.
In recent years, Ji great Railway Design institute and railway colleges and universities all carried out similar research, great majority adopt the genetic algorithm of gradually approaching satisfactory solution to study, and the patent (number of patent application: 201210106256.1, denomination of invention: Automation Design of Railway Profile and optimization method) that had scholar to apply for.This patent does not relate to scheme evaluation and measurement, and also do not carry out automatically detecting and investigation to generating longitudinal gradient, its design effect and difficult quality are evaluated.In addition inquired into many kinds of methods in a large amount of paper to carry out automatically vertical section and draw slope to design, as neural net method, fitting process, geometry analysis method, landform abbreviation method etc., these methods are often confined to the pure of academic research, and rarely seen have real practical relevant art to be applied.
List of references: " the track profile rapid evaluation model based on interval equalization of embankments and cuttings " (2014.5, Zhou Dehong, railway computer utility).
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of vertical section automatic gradient generation method based on deduction, the method is under real-time assessment mechanism is supported, achieve the sequencing that vertical section draws slope to design, intelligent automatic design, contrast through multiple check, Automated Design achievement is better than or usually close to the actual design scheme of engineering staff, for engineering staff's appropriate design profile grade provides desirable design reference, improve design efficiency and quality.
For realizing this object, the vertical section automatic gradient generation method based on deduction designed by the present invention, it is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
Step S1: model engineering teacher, to the process of cognition of above-ground route, is simplified above-ground route by traditional approach, obtains the mileage points LC that can reflect the overall undulations of landform, and using the dispersed elevation of regional space as elevation gesture
carry out merging to continuous print annexable landform slope section to simplify simultaneously, obtain the ground contour line that simultaneously can reflect landform and physical features;
Step S2: the terrain category judging each gradient on above-mentioned ground contour line, and sorting out by the Region dividing of level land, cheuch, integrates continuous strand location, carries out slope section integration and elevation gesture adjusts to cheuch section by bridge formation pattern, obtains drawing slope line of reference;
Step S3: by the contrast of outline line and line of reference, extracts mountain and region, highland, carries out shielding design, obtain the fit line closest to grade line to this type of region after marking by straight slope;
Step S4: the independent design of each section on vertical section is carried out in the sub-range marked off by static cost control point respectively: carry out interval with the mileage at reference mark, both sides from fit line and intercept, re-starts open roof or monocline slope Drainage Design to the mountain in interval and highland tab area; With the control elevation of both sides static cost control point, the two-way side slope that the fit line after adjustment meets design specifications is postponed the design of limit mark, obtain automatic grade line;
Step S5: grade line to be detected, real-time assessment and optimizing and revising, the achievement grade line more optimized.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention considerably improves by above-mentioned steps the efficiency and designing quality that vertical section draws slope to design, and improves designed capacity and the design level of enterprise; Solve the technical matters of the intelligent aspect of location and design vertical section, for intelligent comprehensive location and design platform provides technology place mat.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that in the present invention, the automatic gradient of vertical section generates general flow chart;
Fig. 2 is that in the present invention, the automatic gradient of vertical section generates detail flowchart and the comparison diagram with engineering design thoughtcast;
Fig. 3 is that in the present invention, line of reference retrieves high mountain and highland schematic diagram with superposing of outline line;
Fig. 4 is that in the present invention, on line of reference, pediment linearly inserts some schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that in the present invention, high mountain establishes slope geometric representation;
Fig. 6 vertical section detects and optimizes schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
A kind of vertical section automatic generation method that the present invention proposes, under real-time assessment mechanism is supported, achieve the intelligent automatic design of sequencing that vertical section draws slope to design, contrast through multiple check, Automated Design achievement is better than or usually close to the actual design scheme of engineering staff, for engineering staff's appropriate design profile grade provides desirable design reference, improve design efficiency and quality.
For realizing this object, based on the automatic slope design method of above-ground route topographic relief and physical features elevation while the thought process that the present invention is based on model engineering designer proposes, it is characterized in that, as shown in Figure 2, it comprises following concrete implementation step:
Step S1: model engineering teacher, to the process of cognition of above-ground route, is simplified above-ground route by traditional approach, obtains the mileage points LC that can reflect the overall undulations of landform, and using the dispersed elevation of regional space as elevation gesture
carry out merging to continuous print annexable landform slope section to simplify simultaneously, obtain the ground contour line that simultaneously can reflect landform and physical features;
Step S2: the terrain category judging each gradient on above-mentioned ground contour line, and sorting out by the Region dividing of level land, cheuch, integrates continuous strand location, carries out slope section integration and elevation gesture adjusts to cheuch section by bridge formation pattern, obtains drawing slope line of reference;
Step S3: by the contrast of outline line and line of reference, extracts mountain and region, highland, temporary transient after carrying out mark carries out shielding design by straight slope (skewing slope) to this type of region, obtains the fit line closest to grade line;
Utilize line of reference to contrast with superposing of outline line, high mountain and region, highland can be retrieved, as shown in Figure 3;
Insert a little to the enterprising line linearity of line of reference of hills and mountains or intermediate point highly, as shown in Figure 4;
Respectively according to the position on outline line, pediment point, Dian Jigao place, mountain valley are marked out to these projection interpolation points.To the interpolation point being labeled as mountain valley point wherein, if the elevation gesture on interpolation height value and outline line is close, the elevation gesture value on outline line is assigned to interpolation point, and the knick point as intermountain exists, and makes up the deficiency of outline line;
Step S4: the independent design of each section on vertical section is carried out in the sub-range marked off by static cost control point respectively: carry out interval with the mileage at reference mark, both sides from fit line and intercept, re-starts open roof or monocline slope Drainage Design to the mountain in interval and highland tab area; With the control elevation of both sides static cost control point, the two-way side slope that the fit line after adjustment meets design specifications is postponed the design of limit mark, obtain automatic grade line;
Step S5: grade line to be detected, real-time assessment and optimizing and revising, the achievement grade line more optimized.
As shown in Figure 6, the detection in described step S5, comprise detect according to plane curve and gradient vertical curve overlapping, the draining collision detection of grade line knick point position and above-ground route, Barrier facility exceed standard detect, the occlusion detection of controlled condition.
Real time evaluating method in described step S5, it is the RES(rapid evaluation system) being carried out cut-fill transition balance by a kind of geographical interval division of foundation, it can carry out rapid evaluation to given above-ground route, grade line and obtain a comprehensive Cost Index, thus for judging the quality of drawing slope scheme, and the scheme that helps is optimized design.The detailed implementation methods of this rapid evaluation model is see paper " the track profile rapid evaluation model based on interval equalization of embankments and cuttings " (2014.5, Zhou Dehong, railway computer utility).
Optimizing and revising in described step S5, comprises the local optimum adjustment at non-static reference mark, as claimed in claim 9.
Described step S5 is just ineffective for the grade line automatically generated, and can detect the grade line of engineer, assesses and optimize and revise equally.
The outline line of all generations in above-mentioned steps S1-S4, line of reference, fit line and grade line data, all the data simultaneously comprising ground elevation and physical features amount, the introducing of physical features amount, can automatically realize hills well, level land fill out dig minimum, the superperformance that bridge site is rationally raised, tunnel suitably shrinks, the reservation of ground elevation data, the character being very beneficial for carrying out Qiao Sui road judges and draining collision detection.
Described step S1-S5 is one and calculates deduction functional procedure completely, and as shown in Figure 1, by above-ground route → outline line → line of reference → fit line → grade line → gradient achievement line automatically, systems approach has the characteristic of stability and high efficiency.
The process of described step S1 model engineering personnel by stages section Design Thinking, can be placed in the most leading portion of flow process, also after the process of data preprocessing that full section is consistent, can carry out rearmounted realization according to the facility of system in the S4-1 stage when system realizes.
The principle of described step S1 model engineering personnel Concourse Division comprises static cost control point simultaneously and station participates in segmentation, the principle of this and project planner more comprehensively, more thoroughly.
Detection in described step S5, comprise detect according to plane curve and gradient vertical curve overlapping, the draining collision detection of grade line knick point position and above-ground route, Barrier facility exceed standard detect, the occlusion detection of controlled condition.
Optimizing and revising in described step S5, comprises the local optimum adjustment at non-static reference mark, and the method for adjustment is that the elevation inserting new knick point or the contiguous knick point of adjustment in control position causes control effectively; Comprise the adjustment of whole 50M mileage, the gradient precision 0.1/0.01 that meet engineering design custom and be accustomed to adjustment, the custom making result of design more press close to artificial custom and engineering to be familiar with; Comprise and detect adjustment, vertical oscillation test adjustment according to the knick point swaying required that becomes more meticulous of assessment models, thus obtained grade line can be allowed to have the evaluation index value economized most.
Described step S5 is just ineffective for the grade line automatically generated, and can detect the grade line of engineer, assesses and optimize and revise equally.
In technique scheme, the elevation gesture in described step S1
calculated by (as ± 500m) topocentric dispersed elevation in the certain limit of mileage points both sides and determine.
In technique scheme, the static cost control point in described step S4, refers to possess the reference mark determining elevation, comprises station.As uncertain in station elevation, residing for station, interval dispersed elevation gesture is determined.
In technique scheme, in described step S4, non-static reference mark is elevation has upwards reference mark that is free or free variation downwards, after detection judgement is carried out at this type of reference mark in step s 5, carries out local modulation to the slope section not meeting controlling requirement.
In technique scheme, real-time assessment in described step S5, it is the rapid evaluation mode of being carried out cut-fill transition balance by a kind of geographical interval division of foundation, it can carry out rapid evaluation to given above-ground route, grade line and obtain a comprehensive Cost Index, thus for judging the quality of drawing slope scheme, and the scheme that helps is optimized design.
In technique scheme, the process of described step 1 is divided into following several process implementation:
Step S1-1, to given above-ground route sampled point LC
ichain data { (LC
0, ZH
0), (LC
1, ZH
1) ..., (LC
n, ZH
n), ZH
0 ~ nrepresent each point elevation, intercept near ± 500m mileage scope so sampled point, calculate the dispersed elevation of this point
as this point elevation gesture and exist, formed expansion data to sampled point (LC, ZH,
), obtain one without crude, smooth above-ground route;
Step S1-2, calculates point-to-point transmission value of slope K according to the elevation gesture of former and later two sampled points, formed to another dimension of sampled point expand data (LC, ZH,
k), according to the comparison of adjacent K value, the close gradient is integrated, thus can sampled point quantity simplifiedly on upper thread;
Step S1-3, according to the elevation gesture of former and later two sampled points, calculates intermediate samples point and calculates elevation gesture
if the actual elevation gesture of intermediate samples point
with calculating elevation gesture
the discrepancy in elevation (as ± 1m) in certain range of control, represent that they exist linear relationship, then intermediate samples point can be rejected, obtain the matching above-ground route simplified further;
Step S1-4, according to the change slope direction (K before and after sampled point
before× K
after< 0, K
beforerepresent the value of slope on slope, sampled point front, K
afterrepresent the value of slope on slope, sampled point rear), filter from matching above-ground route and extract crucial flex point, obtain the outline line that can reflect surface irregularity shape.
In technique scheme, the process of described step 2 is divided into following several process implementation:
Step S2-1, according to the most visite section requirement of code requirement, filters visite, and the method for filtration, with reference to step S1-3, carries out the reservation of sampled point by minimum of computation difference of elevation, thus can guarantee the conjunction rule configuration of length of grade;
Step S2-2, by the analysis of slope segment value K, establish location, level land, cheuch location, and by supplemental instruction information field, namely Mark field carries out type mark, the character forming sampled point is expanded (LC, ZH,
k, Mark), ZH represents the elevation of corresponding point; Filter out all simultaneously | the slope section of K| > 20, these regions are regarded as hills and mountains or region, highland temporarily masks; Merging formation slope section is carried out to slope, continuous print level land section, ditch brae section is directly removed to the sampled point of bottom of trench by bridge formation mode, form straight slope, form line of reference and exist.
The establishment in level land, cheuch location can judge as follows:
The establishment in location, level land: | K|≤20;
The establishment in cheuch location: K
before< 0, K
after> 0;
In technique scheme, the process of described step 4 is divided into following several process implementation:
Step S4-1: the Design Thinking of model engineering teacher, utilizes static cost control point that whole section of interval is divided into several sub-ranges, then designs respectively for each sub-range respectively;
Illustrate: this thought process of slip-stick artist is normally in the foremost of design process, the present invention is arranged in S4-1 step and carries out intervalization design, mainly because aforementioned process is all to cross over interval preprocessing process, coherent process is concentrated to be more conducive to the realization in program and the optimization in efficiency, but the preprocessing process of data also can carry out by stages, does not therefore conflict with the design process of slip-stick artist;
Step S4-2: to the matching grade line intercepted, respectively from interval starting point backward, tail point carries out forward the gradient adjustment traversal of twice, the slope section of code requirement is greater than to wherein value of slope, with given maximum permit can gradient configuration calculate establish permitting of next sampled point can height value carry out adjustment of postponing;
Step S4-3: postpone in retrieving, carries out open roof or lean-to drainage design to the pediment point of aforementioned mark; Open roof or arch dam Drainage Design are carried out to the high place of mark; When central level land distance is highly less than certain distance (as <3KM), can be considered flat-top high mountain, therefrom pick out high place, and supplement a pediment point as mark, process by mountain pattern, open roof or monocline slope are set; When central level land, highland distance exceeds given distance threshold, the heavy grade line of both sides, highland can be adjusted automatically by two-way postponing, need not extra process.
Carry out the method for open roof or monocline slope Drainage Design to the hills and mountains in interval, mountain, highly tab area in described step S4, the method realization adopting optimum examination to survey is as follows:
As shown in Figure 5, assuming that A, B 2 are respectively mountain entrance and outlet knick point, apart mileage is LC, two point height differences are Δ H, knick point may be any point O in interval, conveniently, is divided in AB interval 10 parts to carry out cutting location, assuming that the position of knick point is in m/10 place, m is greater than 0 positive number being less than 10.
If the slope absolute value of two sections of slope lines is respectively K1, K2, then according to geometry logical relation, there is following rational formula:
Formula is above accurate describes scientific formulate between m, K1, K2, and establish interval slope line, essence will establish wherein two Parameter Conditions exactly, and just nature can by this formulae discovery out for the 3rd parameter.Incorporation engineering designs us to analyze the effect of these three parameters: what m established is the setting position of knick point in mountain, usual constructing tunnel is two-way carrying out, in order to ensure construction period and easy construction, be that two sections of side slopes can be as well isometric naturally, so m more mediates, a position is better.K1, K2 have double effect, and one is the gateway drop transition making up mountain both sides; Two is consider draining.If only with regard to draining, considering power performance, is that the gradient is the smaller the better naturally, and the slope of 3 ‰ is just enough.In addition, the both sides gradient unanimously can either keep good power performance, also can simplified design construction difficulty.
In sum, three optimal conditionss establishing above-mentioned parameter can be listed as follows:
Implementation method: undertaken given one by one, after calculating corresponding m value by the gradient 0.5 of going forward one by one by 2<K1, K2<MaxSlope.If the m value obtained is less than 0 or be greater than 10, now means the open roof of this given slope design not out in mountain, can skip if slope is invalid, continue the combination parameter souning out other.
To the effective open roof calculated, also needing to carry out following detection could finally establish:
1. the length requirement on two sections of slopes meets the restrictive condition of circuit to length of grade;
2. knick point will in the degree of depth of below 20M under above-ground route, otherwise edpth of tunnel is excessively shallow, easily causes security incident.
To judging that effective all open roofs compare, carry out, preferential M → 5 based on three aspects, secondly K1+K2 → 6, K1=K2 carries out selecting excellent judgement again, establishes open roof after obtaining optimum K1, K2, m parameter.
The content that this instructions is not described in detail belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (8)
1. the vertical section automatic gradient generation method based on deduction, it is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
Step S1: simplified above-ground route by traditional approach, obtains the mileage points LC that can reflect the overall undulations of landform, and using the dispersed elevation of regional space as elevation gesture
carry out merging to continuous print annexable landform slope section to simplify simultaneously, obtain the ground contour line that simultaneously can reflect landform and physical features;
Step S2: the terrain category judging each gradient on above-mentioned ground contour line, and sorting out by the Region dividing of level land, cheuch, integrates continuous strand location, carries out slope section integration and elevation gesture adjusts to cheuch section by bridge formation pattern, obtains drawing slope line of reference;
Step S3: by the contrast of outline line and line of reference, extracts mountain and region, highland, carries out shielding design, obtain the fit line closest to grade line to this type of region after marking by straight slope;
Step S4: the independent design of each section on vertical section is carried out in the sub-range marked off by static cost control point respectively: carry out interval with the mileage at reference mark, both sides from fit line and intercept, re-starts open roof or monocline slope Drainage Design to the mountain in interval and highland tab area; With the control elevation of both sides static cost control point, the two-way side slope that the fit line after adjustment meets design specifications is postponed the design of limit mark, obtain automatic grade line;
Step S5: grade line to be detected, real-time assessment and optimizing and revising, the achievement grade line more optimized.
2. the vertical section automatic gradient generation method based on deduction according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the elevation gesture in described step S1
calculated by dispersed elevation topocentric in the certain limit of mileage points both sides and determine.
3. the vertical section automatic gradient generation method based on deduction according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the static cost control point in described step S4, refers to possess the reference mark determining elevation, comprise station.As uncertain in station elevation, residing for station, interval dispersed elevation gesture is determined.
4. the vertical section automatic gradient generation method based on deduction according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step S4, non-static reference mark is elevation has upwards reference mark that is free or free variation downwards, after detection judgement is carried out at this type of reference mark in step s 5, local modulation is carried out to the slope section not meeting controlling requirement.
5. the vertical section automatic gradient generation method based on deduction according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the real-time assessment in described step S5, it is the rapid evaluation mode of being carried out cut-fill transition balance by a kind of geographical interval division of foundation, it can carry out rapid evaluation to given above-ground route, grade line and obtain a comprehensive Cost Index, thus for judging the quality of drawing slope scheme, and the scheme that helps is optimized design.
6. the vertical section automatic gradient generation method based on deduction according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the process of described step 1 is divided into following several process implementation:
Step S1-1, to given above-ground route sampled point LC
ichain data { (LC
0, ZH
0), (LC
1, ZH
1) ..., (LC
n, ZH
n), ZH
0 ~ nrepresent each point elevation, intercept near ± 500m mileage scope so sampled point, calculate the dispersed elevation of this point
as this point elevation gesture and exist, form the expansion data to sampled point
obtain one without crude, smooth above-ground route;
Step S1-2, calculates point-to-point transmission value of slope K according to the elevation gesture of former and later two sampled points, is formed and expands data to another dimension of sampled point
according to the comparison of adjacent K value, the close gradient is integrated, thus can sampled point quantity simplifiedly on upper thread;
Step S1-3, according to the elevation gesture of former and later two sampled points, calculates intermediate samples point and calculates elevation gesture
if the actual elevation gesture of intermediate samples point
with calculating elevation gesture
the discrepancy in elevation in certain range of control, represent that they exist linear relationship, then intermediate samples point can be rejected, obtain the matching above-ground route simplified further;
Step S1-4, according to the direction, change slope before and after sampled point, filters from matching above-ground route and extracts crucial flex point, obtain the outline line that can reflect surface irregularity shape.
7. the vertical section automatic gradient generation method based on deduction according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the process of described step 2 is divided into following several process implementation:
Step S2-1, according to the most visite section requirement of code requirement, filters visite, carries out the reservation of sampled point by minimum of computation difference of elevation, thus can guarantee the conjunction rule configuration of length of grade;
Step S2-2, by the analysis of slope segment value K, establish location, level land, cheuch location, and by supplemental instruction information field, namely Mark field carries out type mark, and the character forming sampled point is expanded
zH represents the elevation of corresponding point; Filter out all simultaneously | the slope section of K| > 20, these regions are regarded as hills and mountains or region, highland temporarily masks; Merging formation slope section is carried out to slope, continuous print level land section, ditch brae section is directly removed to the sampled point of bottom of trench by bridge formation mode, form straight slope, form line of reference and exist.
8. the vertical section automatic gradient generation method based on deduction according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the process of described step 4 is divided into following several process implementation:
Step S4-1: utilize static cost control point that whole section of interval is divided into several sub-ranges, then design respectively for each sub-range respectively;
Step S4-2: to the matching grade line intercepted, respectively from interval starting point backward, tail point carries out forward the gradient adjustment traversal of twice, the slope section of code requirement is greater than to wherein value of slope, with given maximum permit can gradient configuration calculate establish permitting of next sampled point can height value carry out adjustment of postponing;
Step S4-3: postpone in retrieving, carries out open roof or lean-to drainage design to the pediment point of aforementioned mark; Open roof or arch dam Drainage Design are carried out to the high place of mark; When the central level land distance on highland is less than certain distance, can be considered flat-top high mountain, therefrom pick out high place, and supplement a pediment point as mark, process by mountain pattern, open roof or monocline slope are set; When central level land, highland distance exceeds given distance threshold, the heavy grade line of both sides, highland can be adjusted automatically by two-way postponing, need not extra process.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105205240A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-30 | 北方工业大学 | Method for automatic fitting, automatic optimization and interactive design of subway longitudinal section |
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| CN112364301A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-12 | 中国气象局上海台风研究所(上海市气象科学研究所) | Slope length-based near-ground wind speed statistics downscaling correction method |
| CN112364301B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2023-06-27 | 中国气象局上海台风研究所(上海市气象科学研究所) | Slope length-based near-ground wind speed statistics downscaling method |
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Application publication date: 20150325 |